TY - BOOK PB - BAYER CROPSCIENCE T2 - Pflanzenschutz UR - http://www.bayercropscience.de/de/pf/ ID - 3 ER - TY - JOUR DO - - 10.1023/a:1026582012290 IS - - 1-2 LA - - English N1 - - Kluwer Academic Publishers SN - - 0032-079X SP - - 283-290 T2 - - Plant and Soil ID - 3373 ER - TY - JOUR DO - - 10.1023/a:1009788411566 IS - - 2-3 LA - - English N1 - - Kluwer Academic Publishers SN - - 1385-1314 SP - - 151-163 T2 - - Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems ID - 3381 ER - TY - JOUR DO - - 10.1007/s10661-010-1755-2 IS - - 1-4 LA - - English N1 - - Springer Netherlands SN - - 0167-6369 SP - - 31-45 T2 - - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ID - 3425 ER - TY - JOUR DO - - 10.1007/s00442-003-1477-z IS - - 1 LA - - English N1 - - Springer-Verlag SN - - 0029-8549 SP - - 89-97 T2 - - Oecologia ID - 3461 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.biodiv.at/chm/situation/klima.htm ST - BIODIV TI - BIODIV ID - 4 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://images.google.at/imgres?imgurl=http://www.denatuur.be/temp/es_page_sections_img_thumb_8104_.j pg&imgrefurl=http://www.denatuur.be/pages/junikever.html&h=391&w=488&sz=59&hl=de&start=13&tbnid= bhy4JqVRMPpAkM:&tbnh=104&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DAmphimallon%2Bsolstitiale%26gbv%3 D2%26ndsp%3D18%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dde%26sa%3DN ST - De Natur TI - De Natur ID - 5 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://gis2.stmk.gv.at/da3easy/viewer.aspx?karte=adr ST - Digitaler Atlas Steiermark TI - Digitaler Atlas Steiermark ID - 6 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.e-nema.de/biological01.php ST - e-nema TI - e-nema ID - 7 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://bfw.ac.at/rz/bfwcms.web?dok=2967 ST - eBOD- die digitale Bodenkarte TI - eBOD- die digitale Bodenkarte ID - 8 ER - TY - GEN ST - ENVIRON 2006 TI - ENVIRON 2006 UR - http://www.ucd.ie/environ2006/ ID - 9 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.gis.steiermark.at/cms/ziel/73713/DE/ ST - GIS-Stmk - Digitaler Atlas der Steiermark – easy TI - GIS-Stmk - Digitaler Atlas der Steiermark – easy ID - 10 ER - TY - WEB ET - http://www.umwelt.steiermark.at/cms/ziel/16178332/DE/ ST - KLIMAATLAS STEIERMARK TI - KLIMAATLAS STEIERMARK ID - 11 ER - TY - RPRT ST - KlimaExWoSt – Stadtklimaloste: Internationales Beispiel: Rotterdam TI - KlimaExWoSt – Stadtklimaloste: Internationales Beispiel: Rotterdam UR - http://www.stadtklimalotse.net/assets/KlimaExWoSt-Beispiel-Rotterdam.pdf (abgerufen: 21.02.2013) ID - 12 ER - TY - WEB ET - HTTP://WWW.BOKU.AC.AT/IMP/EDUCATION/KLIMAC/STKAP4CO.DOC ST - KLIMATOGRAPHIE VON ÖSTERREICH TI - KLIMATOGRAPHIE VON ÖSTERREICH ID - 13 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 83903962X CN - RB Erfurt A 010 ET - 7., gänzlich neubearb. u. vermehrte Aufl. N1 - Abb., Kt. ; 25 cm. SP - 1050 S ST - Meyers kleines Konversations-Lexikon : in sechs Bänden 6. @Schönberg bis Zywiec und Nachträge TI - Meyers kleines Konversations-Lexikon : in sechs Bänden 6. @Schönberg bis Zywiec und Nachträge UR - http://susi.e-technik.uni-ulm.de:8080/Meyers2/seite/werk/meyers/band/7/seite/0271/meyers_b7_s0271.html ID - 14 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.ausgabe.natur-lexikon.com/ ST - Natur-Lexikon TI - Natur-Lexikon ID - 15 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://images.google.at/imgres?imgurl=http://www.werle.com/foto/makro/t6rws.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.wer le.com/foto/makro/t6.htm&h=445&w=580&sz=27&hl=de&start=1&tbnid=cbpVN9k0CNr2YM:&tbnh=103&tbn w=134&prev=/images%3Fq%3DPhyllopertha%2Bhorticola%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dde ST - RWS TI - RWS ID - 16 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.unigraz.at/geowww/schulatlassteiermark/downloads/klima/klima_thema.pdf ST - SCHULATLAS STEIERMARK TI - SCHULATLAS STEIERMARK ID - 17 ER - TY - GEN ST - Statistik Austria, 2013a. Gebäude- und Wohnungsregister TI - Statistik Austria, 2013a. Gebäude- und Wohnungsregister ID - 3490 ER - TY - GEN N1 - http://www. statis- tik.at/web_de/services/publikationen/9/index.html (06.03.2013) ST - Statistik Austria, 2013b. Konjunkturstatistik im Produzierenden Bereich 2011 - Band 2: Pro- duktionsergebnisse nach (Ö)CPA 2008 und ÖPRODCOM TI - Statistik Austria, 2013b. Konjunkturstatistik im Produzierenden Bereich 2011 - Band 2: Pro- duktionsergebnisse nach (Ö)CPA 2008 und ÖPRODCOM ID - 3491 ER - TY - GEN N1 - http://statcube.at/superwebguest/ auto- Load.do?db=deprogue1 (06.03.2013) ST - Statistik Austria, 2013c. Gütereinsatzstatistik. TI - Statistik Austria, 2013c. Gütereinsatzstatistik. ID - 3492 ER - TY - WEB SP - http://www.zamg.ac.at/index.php3 ST - ZAMG TI - ZAMG ID - 18 ER - TY - LEGAL PY - 1968 TI - TA-Lärm - Technische Anleitung zum Schutz gegen Lärm. Allgemeine Verwaltungsvorschrift über genehmigungsbedürftige Anlagen nach § 16 der Gewerbeordnung ID - 19 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Krishnaiah, P. R. A2 - Kanal, L. N. CY - Amsterdam KW - Cluster_analysis Software Discriminant_analysis LB - krishnaiah1982 PB - Elsevier Science Publishers PY - 1982 SP - 903 pp. ST - Classification, pattern recognition and reduction of dimensionality T2 - Handbook of Statistics TI - Classification, pattern recognition and reduction of dimensionality ID - 20 ER - TY - WEB PY - 1990 SP - http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/umwelt/raumordnung/flaechennutzung/corine/ ST - CORINE Land Cover TI - CORINE Land Cover ID - 21 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Wmo CY - Geneva, Switzerland LB - wmor1992a PB - Secretariat of the World Meteorological Organization PY - 1992 ST - International meteorological vocabulary TI - International meteorological vocabulary VL - WMO/OMN/BMO-No.182 ID - 22 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Erdatmosphäre, Deutschland Enquete-Kommision Schutz der CY - Bonn LB - debu95a PB - Deutscher Bundestag, Economia Verlag PY - 1995 SP - 1540 ST - Mehr Zukunft für die Erde TI - Mehr Zukunft für die Erde ID - 23 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Savotikov, Yu F. A2 - I., Smetnik A. N1 - (Hrsg.) PB - Arnika, Nizhnyj Novgorod PY - 1995 ST - [The handbook of pests, diseases and weeds having quarantine importance for the territory of the Russian Federation.] Arnika, Nizhnyj Novgorod (in Russisch). TI - [The handbook of pests, diseases and weeds having quarantine importance for the territory of the Russian Federation.] (in Russisch) ID - 24 ER - TY - JOUR PY - 1998 SP - 45-47. ST - Ambrosia artemisiifolia - known distribution half a century after the first record in Slovenia T2 - Hladnikia TI - Ambrosia artemisiifolia - known distribution half a century after the first record in Slovenia VL - 10 ID - 25 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Forests, Ministerial Conference for the Protection of European LB - mcpe1998a PB - Bundesministerium für Land und Forstwirtschaft PY - 1998 SP - 93 ST - Beschlüsse und Resolutionen der Dritten Ministerkonferenz zum Schutz der Wälder in Europa TI - Beschlüsse und Resolutionen der Dritten Ministerkonferenz zum Schutz der Wälder in Europa ID - 26 ER - TY - RPRT CY - Bern - Selbstverlag PY - 1998 ST - Endverbrauch des Holzes in der Schweiz 1996 TI - Endverbrauch des Holzes in der Schweiz 1996 ID - 3476 ER - TY - LEGAL CY - Amtsblatt der Europäischen Gemeinschaften L 162/1 PB - Rat der EU PY - 1998 T2 - Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1165/98 TI - VERORDNUNG DES RATES vom 19. Mai 1998 über Konjunkturstatistiken ID - 3497 ER - TY - GEN DA - 26. Juli LB - pres00 PB - Pressetext, Austria PY - 2000 ST - Verschwinden der Amphibien hat viele Ursachen TI - Verschwinden der Amphibien hat viele Ursachen ID - 27 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Christensen, J. A2 - Hulme, M. A2 - von Storch, Hans A2 - Jones, R. A2 - Mearns, L. A2 - Fu, C. LB - ipcc2001a PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2001 ST - Climate Change 2001 - The Scientific Basis TI - Climate Change 2001 - The Scientific Basis ID - 28 ER - TY - RPRT DA - May 2 LB - un2002 PB - United Nations, European Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) PY - 2002 ST - Handbook for estimating the socio-economic and environmental effects of disasters, LC/MEX/L.519 TI - Handbook for estimating the socio-economic and environmental effects of disasters, LC/MEX/L.519 ID - 29 ER - TY - BOOK PB - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft PY - 2004 ST - Hydrologischer Atlas Österreichs TI - Hydrologischer Atlas Österreichs VL - Kapitel 4.2 ID - 30 ER - TY - CONF CY - Wien PY - 2004 ST - ÖROK-Prognosen 2001-2031, Teil 1: Bevölkerung und Arbeitskräfte nach Regionen und Bezirken Österreichs T2 - Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz (ÖROK) TI - ÖROK-Prognosen 2001-2031, Teil 1: Bevölkerung und Arbeitskräfte nach Regionen und Bezirken Österreichs ID - 31 ER - TY - RPRT PY - 2005 ST - Das Starkregen-und Hochwasserereigniss des Augustes 2005 in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch TI - Das Starkregen-und Hochwasserereigniss des Augustes 2005 in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch ID - 32 ER - TY - JOUR PY - 2005 ST - Das Starkregen-und Hochwasserereigniss des Augustes 2005 in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch TI - Das Starkregen-und Hochwasserereigniss des Augustes 2005 in Vorarlberg, Feldkirch ID - 33 ER - TY - WEB PB - IIASA PY - 2006 ST - EUROPE - MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE 1 KM TI - EUROPE - MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE 1 KM UR - HTTP://WWW.IIASA.AC.AT/RESEARCH/LUC/GIS/CLIM_EUR.HTM ID - 34 ER - TY - BOOK PB - IIASA PY - 2006 ST - EUROPE - MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE 1 KM TI - EUROPE - MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE 1 KM UR - HTTP://WWW.IIASA.AC.AT/RESEARCH/LUC/GIS/CLIM_EUR.HTM ID - 35 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Land Tirol, Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung, Gruppe Agrar, 6020 Innsbruck PY - 2006/2007 ST - Grüner Bericht über die Lage der Tiroler Land- und Forstwirtschaft TI - Grüner Bericht über die Lage der Tiroler Land- und Forstwirtschaft ID - 36 ER - TY - GEN PY - 2007 ST - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf das klimatische Tourismuspotenzial T2 - StartCLIM2006.D2 TI - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf das klimatische Tourismuspotenzial ID - 37 ER - TY - BOOK PB - OECD Publishing PY - 2007 SN - 9789264031692 ST - Climate Change in the European Alps Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management: Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management TI - Climate Change in the European Alps Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management: Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=HwJ7ekNVh6QC ID - 3503 ER - TY - CONF CY - Davos, Switzerland PY - 2007 ST - Davos Declaration T2 - Climate change and tourism responding to global challenges TI - Davos Declaration ID - 38 ER - TY - WEB CY - Stadt Lucern PY - 2007 ST - Öko-Forum T2 - Stichword Maikäfer TI - Öko-Forum UR - http://www.oekoforum.ch/downloads/Maikaefer.pdf ID - 39 ER - TY - WEB PY - 2007 SP - http://systemsresearch.arcs.ac.at/projects/climate/ ST - Reclip:more (2007): research for climate protection - model run evaluation TI - Reclip:more (2007): research for climate protection - model run evaluation ID - 40 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Solomon, Susan A4 - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate, Change A2 - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Working Group, Science AN - 22417326X CY - Nairobi DB - HeBIS-Verbundkatalog LA - eng N1 - Universität Mainz, Fachbereich 09, Chemie, Pharmazie und Geowissenschaften, Bibliothek für Geographie und Geowissenschaften <77/110> [Signatur: 037 - 39] PB - UNEP PY - 2007 SN - 92-9169-121-6 SP - VIII, 142 S. ST - [Climate change 2007] : The physical science basis : summary for policymakers and technical summary and frequently asked questions ; part of the Working Group I contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change T2 - Climate change 2007 TI - [Climate change 2007] : The physical science basis : summary for policymakers and technical summary and frequently asked questions ; part of the Working Group I contribution to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ID - 41 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Willner, Wolfgang A2 - Drescher, Anton AN - 189013990 DB - HeBIS-Verbundkatalog ET - 1. Aufl. KW - Waldgesellschaft / Österreich LA - ger N1 - Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg <30> [Signatur: 88.474.79, Bd. 2] Universität Frankfurt, Bibliothek Naturwissenschaften (BNat) <30/3> [Signatur: 09/WI 6250 W738-2] Technische Universität Darmstadt, Bibliothek Biologie (BB) <17/5> [Signatur: -005-M 2,3. 27] Universität Gießen, Universitätsbibliothek Gießen <26> [Signatur: FH bot Dw 0.33-2] Universität Marburg, Bibliothek Biologie <4/151> [Signatur: N 370:18/2] PY - 2007 SP - 290 S. ST - [Die Wälder und Gebüsche Österreichs] : Tabellenband T2 - Die Wälder und Gebüsche Österreichs ; 2 TI - [Die Wälder und Gebüsche Österreichs] : Tabellenband UR - http://scans.hebis.de/HEBCGI/show.pl?18901399_toc.pdf ID - 42 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft CY - Wien PY - 2007/2008 ST - Grüner Bericht Bericht über die Situation der österreichischen Land- und Forstwirtschaft TI - Grüner Bericht Bericht über die Situation der österreichischen Land- und Forstwirtschaft ID - 43 ER - TY - BOOK CY - Stuttgart PB - Stuttgart : Verband Region Stuttgart PY - 2008 SN - 978-3-00-024951-8 SP - 167 S. ST - Klimaatlas Region Stuttgart TI - Klimaatlas Region Stuttgart ID - 44 ER - TY - GEN PB - Institut für Ernährungswissenschaften Universität Wien PY - 2008 ST - Österreichischer Ernährungsbericht 2008 TI - Österreichischer Ernährungsbericht 2008 ID - 45 ER - TY - WEB PY - 2009 SP - http://bfw.ac.at/rz/bfwcms.web?dok=7066 ST - eBod TI - eBod ID - 46 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 094080046 CY - Wien DB - SWB Online-Katalog LA - ger N1 - Forst-Jahrbuch Ersch. jährl. Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek <14> [19 8 07881] Hochschule für Forstwirtschaft <955> [Signatur: ZS Öst] Hochschule für Forstwirtschaft <955> [ZS Öst] PB - Österr. Agrarverl. PY - 2009 ST - Österreichisches Forst-Jahrbuch T2 - Forst-Jahrbuch TI - Österreichisches Forst-Jahrbuch ID - 47 ER - TY - GEN PY - 2010 ST - xyyy TI - xyyy ID - 48 ER - TY - GEN PY - 2011 RN - www.gruenerbericht.at ST - Grüner Bericht 2011 TI - Grüner Bericht 2011 ID - 3346 ER - TY - JOUR C7 - 321084 DO - 10.1155/2012/321084 PY - 2012 SP - 7 ST - Declining Bark Beetle Densities (Ips typographus, Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from Infested Norway Spruce Stands and Possible Implications for Management T2 - Psyche TI - Declining Bark Beetle Densities (Ips typographus, Coleoptera: Scolytinae) from Infested Norway Spruce Stands and Possible Implications for Management UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/321084 VL - 2012 ID - 49 ER - TY - LEGAL PY - 2012 T2 - Chemische Bodenuntersuchungen - Bestimmung von mine- ralischem Stickstoff durch Extraktion mit Calciumchloridlösung - Nmin-Methode TI - ÖNORM 2012. ÖNORM L 1091 ID - 3365 ER - TY - GEN ET - erstellt von DI Martina Kaml. GZ.: 03 / 1108 / RO / 01.2 - ÖEK | DATUM: 27. März 2013 | ERGÄNZT AM: 25.09.2013 PY - 2013 ST - Flächenwidmungsplan der Stadtgemeinde Trieben 4.00 TI - Flächenwidmungsplan der Stadtgemeinde Trieben 4.00 ID - 3612 ER - TY - GEN ET - erstellt von DI Martina Kaml. GZ.: 03 / 1108 / RO / 01.2 - ÖEK | DATUM: 27. März 2013 | ERGÄNZT AM: 25.09.2013 PY - 2013 ST - Örtliches Entwicklungskonzept (ÖEK) der Stadtgemeinde Trieben 4.00 TI - Örtliches Entwicklungskonzept (ÖEK) der Stadtgemeinde Trieben 4.00 ID - 3613 ER - TY - GEN AU - (ISDR), I. S. f. D. R. PY - 2004 ST - Terminology of disaster risk reduction, UN/ISDR TI - Terminology of disaster risk reduction, UN/ISDR ID - 50 ER - TY - RPRT AU -, International Energy Agency CY - Paris N1 - (IEA) PY - 2000 RP - (IEA) ST - Experience curves for energy technologies TI - Experience curves for energy technologies ID - 51 ER - TY - RPRT AU -, Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz CY - Wien N1 - (ÖROK) PY - 2004 RP - (ÖROK) ST - ÖROK-Prognosen 2001-2031, Teil 1: Bevölke-rung und Arbeitskräfte nach Regionen und Bezirken Österreichs TI - ÖROK-Prognosen 2001-2031, Teil 1: Bevölke-rung und Arbeitskräfte nach Regionen und Bezirken Österreichs ID - 52 ER - TY - WEB AU - Inc., 1105 Media M1 - 3.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://eponline.com/articles/2010/05/18/wolf-street-block-wins-cool-roof-philadelphia-aims-to-be-greenest.aspx?admgarea=News ID - 53 ER - TY - WEB AU - 2E ERNEUERBARE ENERGIEN GmbH & Co. KG M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2008 ST - Igniscum – Die Kraft der Natur TI - Igniscum – Die Kraft der Natur UR - http://www.2e-erneuerbare-energien.de ID - 54 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Abbruzzetti, G. AU - Grande, C. PY - 1999 SP - 36-39 ST - Prove di lotta al tripide americano Frankliniella occidentalis su uva da tavola con lﾒimpiego di chlorfenapyr T2 - Informatore Fitopatoplogico 49(11) TI - Prove di lotta al tripide americano Frankliniella occidentalis su uva da tavola con lﾒimpiego di chlorfenapyr ID - 55 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Abderhalden, W. PY - 2005 SP - Bd. 92. ST - Raumnutzung und sexuelle Segregation beim Alpensteinbock, Capra ibex ibex. Nationalpark-Forschung in der Schweiz. TI - Raumnutzung und sexuelle Segregation beim Alpensteinbock, Capra ibex ibex. Nationalpark-Forschung in der Schweiz ID - 56 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Abegg, B. CY - Bern PB - vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich PY - 1996 SN - 3 7281 2372 2 ST - Klimaänderung und Tourismus T2 - Klimafolgenforschung am Beispiel der Wintertourismus in der Schweizer Alpen Schlussbericht NFP 31 TI - Klimaänderung und Tourismus ID - 57 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Abegg, B. AU - Beniston, M. AU - Bisang, O. AU - Elsasser, H. AU - Flückiger, S. AU - Gutermann, T. AU - Haller, M. AU - M, Hansen S. AU - Jeker, R. AU - Knoepfel, I. AU - Kunz, P. AU - Marthaler, D. AU - Oeschger, H. AU - Philibert, C. AU - Rieder, P. AU - Suter, H. LB - abegg1996 PB - vdf Hochschulverlag der ETH Zürich PY - 1996 ST - Klimarisiken - Herausforderung Für Die Schweizer Wirtschaft: Thesen Zu Klimänderungen und Naturkatastrophen TI - Klimarisiken - Herausforderung Für Die Schweizer Wirtschaft: Thesen Zu Klimänderungen und Naturkatastrophen ID - 58 ER - TY - GEN AU - Abermann, Jakob AU - Seiser, Bernd AU - Meran, Ingrid AU - Stocker-Waldhuber, Martin AU - Goller, Markus AU - Fischer, Andrea DO - 10.1594/pangaea.806960 M3 - doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.806960 PB - PANGAEA PY - 2012 ST - The third glacier inventory of North Tyrol, Austria, for 2006 T2 - Supplement to: Abermann, Jakob; Seiser, Bernd; Meran, Ingrid; Stocker-Waldhuber, Martin; Goller, Markus; Fischer, Andrea (2012): A new ALS glacier inventory of North Tyrol, Austria, for 2006 AD. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 43/44, 109-119 TI - The third glacier inventory of North Tyrol, Austria, for 2006 UR - http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.806960 ID - 3561 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Abu-Asab, M. S. AU - Peterson, P. M. AU - Shetler, S. G. AU - Orli, S. S. LB - abu01 PY - 2001 SP - 597-612 ST - Earlier plant flowering in spring as a response to global warming in the Wahington, DC, area T2 - Biodiversity and Conservation TI - Earlier plant flowering in spring as a response to global warming in the Wahington, DC, area VL - 10 ID - 59 ER - TY - WEB AU - SPA, Acea M1 - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.acea.it/ViewDocument.aspx?lang=it&docid=af31ee319ab14da5878383fcae410251 ID - 60 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Achleitner, S. AU - Schöber, J. AU - Rinderer, M. AU - Leonhardt, G. AU - Schöberl, F. AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Schönlaub, H. KW - Flood forecast LB - Achleitner2012 PY - 2012 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 90 - 100 ST - Analyzing the operational performance of the hydrological models in an alpine flood forecasting system T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Analyzing the operational performance of the hydrological models in an alpine flood forecasting system UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169411005269 VL - 412/413 ID - 3562 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ackerbau-Ministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1870 PB - K.K. Ackerbau-Ministerium PY - 1870 SN - 1 ST - Statistik - Numerischer Ausweis über Die Ernte 1869 TI - Statistik - Numerischer Ausweis über Die Ernte 1869 ID - 61 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ackerbau-Ministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1871 PB - K.K. Ackerbau-Ministerium PY - 1871 SN - Jahrgang 1 - 3 ST - Mittheilungen Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums TI - Mittheilungen Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums ID - 62 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ackerbau-Ministerium, K.K. CY - Wien LB - kk1870 PB - K.K. Ackerbau-Ministerium PY - 1870 SN - 1 ST - Statistik - Numerischer Ausweis über Die Ernte 1869 T2 - Landwirthschaftliches Wochenblatt Des K.K. Ackerbau-Ministeriums TI - Statistik - Numerischer Ausweis über Die Ernte 1869 ID - 63 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ackerbau-Ministerium, K.K. CY - Wien LB - kk1871 PB - K.K. Ackerbau-Ministerium PY - 1871 SN - Jahrgang 1 - 3 ST - Mittheilungen Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums TI - Mittheilungen Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums ID - 64 ER - TY - GEN AU - Ackerbauministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1900 PY - 1900 ST - Notes: 1.H.Landwirthschaftliche Production 1874-1877; Production Aus Dem Pflanzenbau 1878-18981; Statistik der Ernte Des Jahres. 1892-1911; Statistik der Ertne in Den im Reichsrathe Vertretenen Königreichen und Landern im Jahre. 1912-1913 Statistische Nachrichten Aus Dem Gesammtgebiete der Landwirtschaft. K.K.Statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) TI - Notes: 1.H.Landwirthschaftliche Production 1874-1877; Production Aus Dem Pflanzenbau 1878-18981; Statistik der Ernte Des Jahres. 1892-1911; Statistik der Ertne in Den im Reichsrathe Vertretenen Königreichen und Landern im Jahre. 1912-1913 Statistische Nachrichten Aus Dem Gesammtgebiete der Landwirtschaft. K.K.Statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) ID - 65 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ackerbauministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1915 PB - kk Ackerbauministerium. kk Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1915 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Bodenprodukte. Im Jahre 1914. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Bodenprodukte. Im Jahre 1914 ID - 66 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ackerbauministerium, K. K. CY - Wien LB - kk1916 PB - kk Ackerbauministerium. kkHof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1916 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in Österreich im Jahre 1915. 1916-1917. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in Österreich im Jahre 1915. 1916-1917 ID - 67 ER - TY - GEN AU - Ackerbauministerium, KK CY - Wien LB - kk1900 PY - 1900 ST - Notes: 1.H.Landwirthschaftliche Production 1874-1877; Production Aus Dem Pflanzenbau 1878-18981; Statistik der Ernte Des Jahres. 1892-1911; Statistik der Ertne in Den im Reichsrathe Vertretenen Königreichen und Landern im Jahre. 1912-1913 Statistische Nachrichten Aus Dem Gesammtgebiete der Landwirtschaft. K.K.Statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) TI - Notes: 1.H.Landwirthschaftliche Production 1874-1877; Production Aus Dem Pflanzenbau 1878-18981; Statistik der Ernte Des Jahres. 1892-1911; Statistik der Ertne in Den im Reichsrathe Vertretenen Königreichen und Landern im Jahre. 1912-1913 Statistische Nachrichten Aus Dem Gesammtgebiete der Landwirtschaft. K.K.Statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung Des K.K.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) ID - 68 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ackerbauministerium, KK CY - Wien LB - kk1915 PB - kk Ackerbauministerium. kk Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1915 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Bodenprodukte. Im Jahre 1914. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Bodenprodukte. Im Jahre 1914 ID - 69 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ackerbauministerium, KK CY - Wien LB - kk1916 PB - kk Ackerbauministerium. kkHof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1916 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in Österreich im Jahre 1915. 1916-1917. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in Österreich im Jahre 1915. 1916-1917 ID - 70 ER - TY - WEB AU - ADAM, L. M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2006 ST - Sudangras – Anbau für die Biomassenutzung im Land Brandenburg TI - Sudangras – Anbau für die Biomassenutzung im Land Brandenburg UR - http://www.mluv.brandenburg.de/cms/media.php/2331/sud_gras.pdf ID - 71 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ADAMS, J. B. PY - 1962 SP - 951-956 ST - Aphid survival at low temperatures. T2 - Can. J. Zool. TI - Aphid survival at low temperatures VL - 40 ID - 72 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Adger, W. Neil AU - Dessai, Suraje AU - Goulden, Marisa AU - Hulme, Mike AU - Lorenzoni, Irene AU - Nelson, DonaldR AU - Naess, LarsOtto AU - Wolf, Johanna AU - Wreford, Anita IS - 3-4 N1 - Climatic Change 0165-0009 PY - 2009 SP - 335-354 ST - Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? T2 - Climatic Change TI - Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-008-9520-z VL - 93 ID - 3504 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Adler, W. AU - Oswald, K. AU - Fischer, R. CY - Stuttgart PB - Ulmer Verlag PY - 1994 SN - 10: 3800134616 13: 978-3800134618 ST - Exkursionsflora von Österreich TI - Exkursionsflora von Österreich ID - 73 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Waide, P. AU - J., Adnot CY - Paris PY - 2003 ST - Energy Efficiency and Certification of Central Air Conditioners (EECCAC) TI - Energy Efficiency and Certification of Central Air Conditioners (EECCAC) ID - 74 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Adnot, J. AU - al., et CY - Paris LA - English M3 - Study for the D.G. Transportation-Energy (DGTREN) of the Commission of the EU PY - 2003 ST - Energy Efficiency and Certification of Central Air Conditioners (EECCAC) TI - Energy Efficiency and Certification of Central Air Conditioners (EECCAC) ID - 75 ER - TY - MGZN AU - K., Adolphi PY - 1998 SP - 271-274 ST - Anthropogene lineare Strukturen als Wuchsstätten und Ausbreitungs-wege von Arten. Braunschweiger Geobot. Arb. 5: 271-274. T2 - Braunschweiger Geobot. Arb. TI - Anthropogene lineare Strukturen als Wuchsstätten und Ausbreitungs-wege von Arten VL - 5 ID - 76 ER - TY - RPRT AU - AdTLR PY - 2006 ST - Digitales Geländemodel für Tirol TI - Digitales Geländemodel für Tirol UR - http://www.tirol.gv.at/applikationen/e-government/data/datenkatalog/geographie-und-planung/digitales-gelaendemodell-tirol/ ID - 3563 ER - TY - GEN AU - Agency, Federal Emergency Management LB - federalemergencyma2002 PB - http://www.fema.gov/doc/library/nfipdescrip.doc PY - 2002 ST - National Flood Insurance Program: Program Description TI - National Flood Insurance Program: Program Description ID - 77 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Aguilar, E. AU - Auer, I. AU - Brunet, M. AU - Peterson, T. C. AU - Wieringa, J. LB - aguilar2003 PB - WMO PY - 2003 ST - Guidance on Metadata and Homogenization TI - Guidance on Metadata and Homogenization ID - 78 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahas, R. LB - ahas99 PY - 1999 SP - 119-123 ST - Long-term phyto-, ornitho- and ichtyophenological time-series analysis in Estona T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - Long-term phyto-, ornitho- and ichtyophenological time-series analysis in Estona VL - 42 ID - 79 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahas, R. AU - Aasa, A. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Fedotova, V. G. AU - Scheifinger, H. LB - ahas02 PY - 2002 SP - 1738 ST - Changes in European spring phenology T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Changes in European spring phenology VL - 22 ID - 80 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahrens, B. LB - ahre03ab N1 - accepted PY - 2003 ST - Evaluation of Precipitation Forecasting with the limited Area Model ALADIN in an Alpine Watershed T2 - MZ TI - Evaluation of Precipitation Forecasting with the limited Area Model ALADIN in an Alpine Watershed ID - 81 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ahrens, B. IS - D8 LB - ahre01gb PY - 2003 SP - 8388-8400 ST - Rainfall Downscaling in an Alpine Watershed Applying a Multiresolution Approach T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - Rainfall Downscaling in an Alpine Watershed Applying a Multiresolution Approach VL - 108 ID - 82 ER - TY - CONF AU - Ahrens, B. AU - Beck, A. LB - ahre03bb PY - 2003 SP - 308--311 ST - On resolution of precipitation forecasts in Alpine watershed modelling T2 - International Conference on Alpine Meteorology and MAP-Meetiing 2003, Extendend Abstracts -- Publications of MeteSwiss, No. 66 TI - On resolution of precipitation forecasts in Alpine watershed modelling ID - 83 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ainsworth, E.A. and S.P. Long IS - 165 PY - 2005 SP - 165: 351-372. ST - What have we learned from fifteen years of Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE)? A Meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2 T2 - New Phytologist TI - What have we learned from fifteen years of Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE)? A Meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2 ID - 84 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Kuhl, J.& Beckmann, J. (eds.) AU - Ajzen, I. CY - Heidelberg, Germany PB - Springer Verl. PY - 1988 SP - 11-39 ST - From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behaviour. T2 - Action-Control: From cognition to behaviour TI - From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behaviour. ID - 85 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - F. Csáki, B. N. Petrov AB - In this paper it is shown that the classical maximum likelihood principle can be considered to be a method of asymptotic realization of an optimum estimate with respect to a very general information theoretic criterion. This observation shows an extension of the principle to provide answers to many practica problems of statistical model fitting. AU - Akaike, H. CY - Budapest, Hungary PB - Akadémiai Kiado PY - 1973 SP - 267-281 ST - Information theory as an extension of the maximum likelihood principle T2 - Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Information Theory TI - Information theory as an extension of the maximum likelihood principle VL - 471 ID - 86 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Akbari, H. AU - Pomerantz, M. AU - Taha, H. PY - 2001 SP - 295–310 ST - Cool surfaces and shade trees to reduce energy use and improve air quality in urban areas T2 - Solar Energy TI - Cool surfaces and shade trees to reduce energy use and improve air quality in urban areas VL - 70 ID - 87 ER - TY - UNPB AU - al, Smoliner et LB - smoliner03 N1 - Forschungs-Bildungskooperation. Erste Analysen, Beispiele und Vorschläge Positionspapier des BMBWK PY - 2003 ST - Forschungs-Bildungskooperation. Erste Analysen, Beispiele und Vorschläge TI - Forschungs-Bildungskooperation. Erste Analysen, Beispiele und Vorschläge ID - 88 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This review article analyzes scientific meteorological literature concerning changes in frequency and intensity of winter storminess over the North-Atlantic European region with respect to climate change signals. Studies about conditions in the past were consid-ered as well as simulations of future storminess. In general we found that (i) analyses concerning storm activity - compared to ground level air temperature, atmospheric C02 concentration and precipitation - are characterized by a high degree of uncertainty, that (ii) phases of more extreme storms occurred historically as part of the natural climate variability, and that (iii) a clear relationship between anthropogenic climate change and increasing intensity and/or number of winter storms over the North-Atlantic European region could not yet be established. Retrospective studies reveal contradictory results without a clear trend towards significant posi-tive or negative changes. Equally inconsistent are the findings of modelling studies dealing with storminess under climate change conditions of the late 21 st century; however, judged by the number of studies, a weak trend towards more intense storms can be observed. Quite reliably we can state that increasing storm activity during summertime is not to be expected. In conclusion we discuss the meaning of those findings for applied forest management, i. e. choice of tree species and silvicultural treatment regimes. AD - Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg, Abteilung Wald-wachstum, Postfach 708, D-79007 Freibure, Germany Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Meteorologisches Institut, Werthmannstralte 10, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany Albrecht, A. Forstliche Versuchs- und Forschungsanstalt Baden-Württemberg, Abteilung Wald-wachstum, Postfach 708, D-79007 Freibure, Germany email: axel.albrecht@forst.bw.de AU - Albrecht, A. AU - Schindler, D. AU - Grebhan, K. AU - Kohnle, U. AU - Mayer, H. DB - Scopus IS - 5-6 J2 - Allg. Forst- Jagdztg. 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A2 - Canziani, O.F. A2 - Palutikof, J.P. A2 - d., Linden P.J. v. A2 - Hanson, C.E. AU - Alcamo, J. AU - Moreno, J.M. AU - Nováky, B. AU - Bindi, M. AU - R. Corobov, R. AU - Devoy, R.J.N. AU - Giannakopoulos, C. AU - Martin, E. AU - Olesen, J.E. AU - Shvidenko, A. CY - Cambridge, UK PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2007 SP - 541-580 ST - Europe. Climate Change T2 - Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Reportof the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Europe. Climate Change ID - 90 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alcamo, J. AU - Flörke, M. AU - Märker, M. PY - 2007 SP - 247-275 ST - Future long-term changes in global water resources driven by socio-economic and climatic change T2 - Hydrological Sciences Journal TI - Future long-term changes in global water resources driven by socio-economic and climatic change VL - 52 ID - 91 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aleotti, P. AU - Chowdhury, R. IS - 1 KW - Engineering N1 - 1435-9529 PY - 1999 SP - 21 ST - Landslide hazard assessment: summary review and new perspectives T2 - Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment TI - Landslide hazard assessment: summary review and new perspectives UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100640050066 VL - 58 ID - 92 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alessandro, Badalotti AU - Tommaso, Anfodillo AU - John, Grace IS - 7 PY - 2000 SP - 623-633 ST - Evidence of osmoregulation in Larix decidua at Alpine treeline and comparative responses to water availability of two co-occurring evergreen species T2 - Ann. For. Sci. TI - Evidence of osmoregulation in Larix decidua at Alpine treeline and comparative responses to water availability of two co-occurring evergreen species UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:2000146 VL - 57 ID - 93 ER - TY - CONF AU - Alexandrov, V. AU - Eitzinger, J. CY - Rome, Italy DA - September 16-19 LB - alexandrov2003 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2003 SP - 25 ST - Drought impacts in southeastern and central Europe during the late 20th century T2 - Proceedings of the ECAM 2003 TI - Drought impacts in southeastern and central Europe during the late 20th century ID - 94 ER - TY - CONF AU - Alexandrov, V. AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Formayer, H. CY - Pisa, Italy LB - alexandrov2000 N1 - StClB-Lit SP - 6 pp. ST - Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments of Agricultural Crops under Climate Change in North-East Austria T2 - Proceedings of the 3rd European Conference on Applied Climatology "Tools for the environment and manm of the rear 2000" (CD version) TI - Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessments of Agricultural Crops under Climate Change in North-East Austria ID - 95 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alexandrov, V. AU - Eitzinger AU - J AU - Cajic AU - V AU - Oberforster AU - M LB - alex02 PY - 2002 SP - 372-389 ST - Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria VL - 8 ID - 96 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alexandrov, V. AU - Eitzinger AU - J. AU - Cajic AU - V. AU - Oberforster AU - M. LB - alex02 PY - 2002 SP - 372-389 ST - Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Potential impact of climate change on selected agricultural crops in north-eastern Austria VL - 8 ID - 97 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A region of extreme low ozone values passed over North‐western Europe during November 30, and December 1, 1999. The total ozone values were measured from the ground, with a Brewer Spectrophotometer, and from space with the GOME and TOMS satellite instruments. The ozone sonde measurement and the retrieved GOME ozone profile have shown that the main reduction in the ozone column occurred between the ozone maximum (22 km) and the tropopause. The low temperatures found in the stratosphere during this event have significant consequences for the ozone retrieval algorithm, both for satellite retrievals and for the Brewer measurements. AU - Allaart, Marc AU - Valks, Pieter AU - van der A, Ronald AU - Piters, Ankie AU - Kelder, Hennie AU - van Velthoven, Peter DO - 10.1029/2000GL012212 IS - 24 KW - 0341 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— constituent transport and chemistry 1640 Global Change: Remote sensing 3334 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Middle atmosphere dynamics PY - 2000 SN - 0094-8276 SP - 4089-4092 ST - ozone mini‐hole observed over Europe, influence of low stratospheric temperature on observations T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - ozone mini‐hole observed over Europe, influence of low stratospheric temperature on observations UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012212 VL - 27 ID - 98 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Allaby, M. LB - allaby02 N1 - Wissensbuch für Kinder PB - Dorling Kindersly PY - 2002 ST - Wirbelstürme & Co, Extreme Wetterphänomene und wie sie entstehen T2 - Mega Wissen TI - Wirbelstürme & Co, Extreme Wetterphänomene und wie sie entstehen ID - 99 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Allard, Francis AU - Santamouris, Mat AU - Alvarez, Servando CY - London PB - James & James PY - 2002 ST - Natural ventilation in buildings T2 - A design handbook. Reprint TI - Natural ventilation in buildings ID - 100 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Greenhouse gas emissions have significantly altered global climate, and will continue to do so in the future. Increases in the frequency, duration, and/or severity of drought and heat stress associated with climate change could fundamentally alter the composition, structure, and biogeography of forests in many regions. Of particular concern are potential increases in tree mortality associated with climate-induced physiological stress and interactions with other climate-mediated processes such as insect outbreaks and wildfire. Despite this risk, existing projections of tree mortality are based on models that lack functionally realistic mortality mechanisms, and there has been no attempt to track observations of climate-driven tree mortality globally. Here we present the first global assessment of recent tree mortality attributed to drought and heat stress. Although episodic mortality occurs in the absence of climate change, studies compiled here suggest that at least some of the world's forested ecosystems already may be responding to climate change and raise concern that forests may become increasingly vulnerable to higher background tree mortality rates and die-off in response to future warming and drought, even in environments that are not normally considered water-limited. This further suggests risks to ecosystem services, including the loss of sequestered forest carbon and associated atmospheric feedbacks. Our review also identifies key information gaps and scientific uncertainties that currently hinder our ability to predict tree mortality in response to climate change and emphasizes the need for a globally coordinated observation system. Overall, our review reveals the potential for amplified tree mortality due to drought and heat in forests worldwide. AD - U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Jemez Mountains Field Station, Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States School of Geography and Development, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States Department of Biology, University of Batna, 05000 Batna, Algeria Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvalllis, OR 97330, United States Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States CEMAGREF, ECCOREV FR 3098, Aix-Marseille University, Aix-en-Provence, France Laboratorio Ecotono, INIBIOMA-CONICET, Univ. Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, Argentina Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zurcherstr. 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland School of Natural Resources and the Environment, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, 5320-122 Street, Edmonton, Alta. T6H 3S5, Canada Center for Forestry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States Queensland Herbarium, Environmental Protection Agency, Mt Coot-tha Road, Toowong, QLD 4066, Australia Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of State Forestry Administration, Beijing, 100091, China Grupo de Ecología Terrestre, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain Northern Research Institute of Forestry, Nikitov St., 13, Arkhangelsk, 163062, Russian Federation Division of Forest Ecology, Department of Forest Conservation, Korea Forest Research Institute, #57, Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-712, South Korea Forestry Department, Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy Numerical Terradynamics Simulation Group, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States Central Anatolia Forestry Research Institute, P.K. 24, 06501 Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkey Department of Biological Sciences, Merriam Powell Center for Environmental Research, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, United States Allen, C.D. U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center, Jemez Mountains Field Station, Los Alamos, NM 87544, United States email: craig_allen@usgs.gov AU - Allen, C. D. AU - Macalady, A. K. AU - Chenchouni, H. AU - Bachelet, D. AU - McDowell, N. AU - Vennetier, M. AU - Kitzberger, T. AU - Rigling, A. AU - Breshears, D. D. AU - Hogg, E. H. AU - Gonzalez, P. AU - Fensham, R. AU - Zhang, Z. AU - Castro, J. AU - Demidova, N. AU - Lim, J. H. AU - Allard, G. AU - Running, S. W. AU - Semerci, A. AU - Cobb, N. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.001 IS - 4 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Climate change Drought effects Forest die-off Forest mortality Global patterns Tree mortality Atmospheric feedbacks Climate change risks Coordinated observations Die-off Ecosystem services Global climates Heat stress Information gap Insect outbreaks Physiological stress Scientific uncertainty Dies Drought Ecosystems Forestry Gas emissions Global warming Greenhouse gases Leakage (fluid) Thermal stress Climate models carbon sequestration climate change drought stress ecological modeling ecosystem service forest ecosystem global climate greenhouse gas heat flow mortality physiological response plant-insect interaction wildfire Climates Greenhouse Gases Leakage Mortality Thermal Stress Hexapoda LA - English N1 - (T.) 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(2009) Journal of Vegetable Science, 20, pp. 442-454 PY - 2010 SN - 03781127 SP - 660-684 ST - A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-73649140927&partnerID=40&md5=cbd5d54c713621e7a2cb56ad1cb3a77f VL - 259 ID - 101 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The assembly of the record-low total column ozone observed over Europe on 30 November 1999 is investigated using a three-dimensional reconstruction based on POAM, SAGE, and HALOE data and a passive tracer advected by UKMO winds on isentropic surfaces. The reconstruction reproduces TOMS observation to within 10–20 DU over the northern hemisphere and agrees well with select ozonesonde profiles in the mid- to high latitudes, although values in the vicinity of the ozone minimum are systematically higher than TOMS. Relative role is quantified for the disparate dynamical processes that contributed constructively to the low-ozone episode: poleward intrusion of ozone-poor subtropical air in the lowermost stratosphere, adiabatic lifting of ozone maximum, and displacement of ozone-poor Arctic vortex air aloft. Of these, the first two are found to account for about three quarters of the reconstructed column anomaly between 320 and 1900 K whereas the last for about one quarter. AU - Allen, Douglas R. AU - Nakamura, Noboru DO - 10.1029/2002GL014935 IS - 9 KW - 0341 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— constituent transport and chemistry 3337 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Numerical modeling and data assimilation 3334 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Middle atmosphere dynamics 0340 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— composition and chemistry PY - 2002 SN - 0094-8276 SP - 1362 ST - Dynamical reconstruction of the record low column ozone over Europe on 30 November 1999 T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - Dynamical reconstruction of the record low column ozone over Europe on 30 November 1999 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002GL014935 VL - 29 ID - 102 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Allen, G. A. AU - Pereira, L. S. AU - Raes, D. AU - Smith, M. LB - allen1998 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1998 ST - Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements T2 - FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper TI - Crop evapotranspiration - Guidelines for computing crop water requirements VL - 56 ID - 103 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Alley, R. B. AU - Marotzke, J. AU - Nordhaus, W. D. AU - Overpeck, J. T. AU - Peteet, D. M. AU - Pielke Jr, R. A. AU - Pierrehumbert, R. T. AU - Rhines, P. B. AU - Stocker, T. F. AU - Talley, L. D. AU - Wallace, J. M. LB - alley2003 PY - 2003 SP - 2005--2010 ST - Abrupt Climate Change T2 - Science TI - Abrupt Climate Change VL - 299 ID - 104 ER - TY - GEN AU - Allinger-Csolich, W. AU - Hackl, J. AU - Heckl, F. AU - Hochbichler, E. AU - Schwarzbauer, P. AU - Schwarzl, B. CY - Wien NV - M-131 PB - Umweltbundesamt GmbH PY - 2000 SN - ISBN 3-85457-565-3 ST - Papierrecycling – Wald. Papierrecycling – Forstwirtschaft – Wald: Darstellung möglicher Zusammenhänge TI - Papierrecycling – Wald. Papierrecycling – Forstwirtschaft – Wald: Darstellung möglicher Zusammenhänge VL - MONOGRAPHIEN Band 131 ID - 3469 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Most ecosystem models predict that climate warming will stimulate microbial decomposition of soil carbon, producing a positive feedback to rising global temperatures. Although field experiments document an initial increase in the loss of CO 2 from soils in response to warming, in line with these predictions, the carbon dioxide loss from soils tends to decline to control levels within a few years. This attenuation response could result from changes in microbial physiological properties with increasing temperature, such as a decline in the fraction of assimilated carbon that is allocated to growth, termed carbon-use efficiency. Here we explore these mechanisms using a microbial-enzyme model to simulate the responses of soil carbon to warming by 5 C. We find that declines in microbial biomass and degradative enzymes can explain the observed attenuation of soil-carbon emissions in response to warming. Specifically, reduced carbon-use efficiency limits the biomass of microbial decomposers and mitigates the loss of soil carbon. However, microbial adaptation or a change in microbial communities could lead to an upward adjustment of the efficiency of carbon use, counteracting the decline in microbial biomass and accelerating soil-carbon loss. We conclude that the soil-carbon response to climate warming depends on the efficiency of soil microbes in using carbon. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited. AD - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Earth System Science, University of California, 321 Steinhaus, Irvine, CA 92697, United States Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Campus Delivery 1499, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1499, United States School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 370 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States Allison, S. D. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Earth System Science, University of California, 321 Steinhaus, Irvine, CA 92697, United States email: allisons@uci.edu AU - Allison, S. D. AU - Wallenstein, M. D. AU - Bradford, M. A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1038/ngeo846 IS - 5 J2 - Nat. Geosci. 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Biochem., 31, pp. 1889-1891; Six, J., Frey, S.D., Thiet, R.K., Batten, K.M., Bacterial and fungal contributions to carbon sequestration in agroecosystems (2006) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 70, pp. 555-569; Trasar-Cepeda, C., Gil-Sotres, F., Leirós, M.C., Thermodynamic parameters of enzymes in grassland soils from Galicia, NW Spain (2007) Soil Biol. Biochem., 39, pp. 311-319 PY - 2010 SN - 17520894 SP - 336-340 ST - Soil-carbon response to warming dependent on microbial physiology T2 - Nature Geoscience TI - Soil-carbon response to warming dependent on microbial physiology UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77952004559&partnerID=40&md5=3836ac151aa8db28736fc7ee019b0213 VL - 3 ID - 3404 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Natural ventilation is an effective measure to save energy consumed in buildings and to improve indoor air quality. This investigation studied single-sided natural ventilation by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, together with analytical and empirical models. The CFD model was applied to determine the effects of buoyancy, wind, or their combination on ventilation rates and indoor conditions. For buoyancy-driven flow, the CFD results are within a 10% difference from the semi-analytical results. For combined wind- and buoyancy-driven flow, CFD may have underpredicted the empirical model results by approximately 25%. This investigation also studied the effects of opposing buoyancy and wind forces. AU - Allocca, Camille AU - Chen, Qingyan AU - Glicksman, Leon R. IS - 8 KW - Natural ventilation CFD Analytical method N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00239-6 PY - 2003 SN - 0378-7788 SP - 785-795 ST - Design analysis of single-sided natural ventilation T2 - Energy and Buildings TI - Design analysis of single-sided natural ventilation UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378778802002396 VL - 35 ID - 105 ER - TY - DBASE AU - AlpS PB - http://www.alp-s.at/cms/de/ TI - AlpS ID - 106 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - ALTHOFF, A. CY - KomPass Tatenbank - Datenbank für Maßnahmen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel PY - 2011 ST - Grün-blauer Klimakorridor Kamen. T3 - http://www.tatenbank.anpassung.net/Tatenbank/DE/Home/home_node.html (19. Juli 2011) am 14.02.2013 nicht mehr verfügbar TI - Grün-blauer Klimakorridor Kamen. ID - 107 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Altieri, M. A. AU - Liebman, M. PY - 1988 ST - Weed management in agroecosytems: ecological approaches TI - Weed management in agroecosytems: ecological approaches ID - 108 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMA (Agrar Markt Austria) M1 - 04.05.2009 PY - 2009 ST - Energiepflanzen - Ernte 2009 (Nachwachsende Rohstoffe) Merkblatt TI - Energiepflanzen - Ernte 2009 (Nachwachsende Rohstoffe) Merkblatt UR - http://www.ama.at/Portal.Node/ama/public?gentics.rm=PCP&gentics.pm=gti_full&p.contentid=10008.67837&06_Merkbl_EPF.pdf ID - 109 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMA (Agrar Markt Austria) M1 - 14.05.2009 PY - 2009 ST - Mehrfachantrag Flächen 2009 - Merkblatt mit Ausfüllanleitung TI - Mehrfachantrag Flächen 2009 - Merkblatt mit Ausfüllanleitung UR - http://www.ama.at/Portal.Node/ama/public?gentics.rm=PCP&gentics.pm=gti_full&p.contentid=10008.68102&MFA09_MB_Gesamt.pdf ID - 110 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Amelung, B. AU - Blazejczyk, K. AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Viner, D. CY - Maastricht – Warsaw – Freiburg PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht PY - 2007 SN - 978-00-023716-4 ST - Climate Change and Tourism - Assessment and Copying Strategies TI - Climate Change and Tourism - Assessment and Copying Strategies ID - 111 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ammer, U. Pröbstl U. CY - Hamburg, Berlin J2 - Freizeit und Natur PY - 1991 ST - Freizeit und Natur TI - Freizeit und Natur ID - 112 ER - TY - CONF AU - Amon, B. AU - Fröhlich, M. AU - Amon, T. CY - Wien PY - 2006 SP - P15 ST - Österreichische Emissionsinventur, Bereich Land- wirtschaft T2 - AustroClim: 9. Österreichischer Klimatag 2006 „Forschung zu Klima, Klimawandel und Auswirkungen in Österreich“ TI - Österreichische Emissionsinventur, Bereich Land- wirtschaft ID - 3331 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMT DER NÖ LANDESREGIERUNG M1 - 27.11.2008 PY - 2007 ST - Bodenschutzanlagen/Windschutzanlagen TI - Bodenschutzanlagen/Windschutzanlagen UR - http://www.noe.gv.at/land-forstwirtschaft/agrarstruktur-bodenreform/windschutzanlagen/bodenschutzanlagen.html ID - 113 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMT DER NÖ LANDESREGIERUNG M1 - 01.05.2009 PY - 2007 ST - NÖ Energiebericht 2007: Bericht über die Lage der Energieversorgung in Niederösterreich TI - NÖ Energiebericht 2007: Bericht über die Lage der Energieversorgung in Niederösterreich UR - http://www.noe.gv.at/bilder/d31/Energiebericht20071.pdf ID - 114 ER - TY - WEB AU - AMT DER NÖ LANDESREGIERUNG M1 - 05.05.2009 PY - 2007 ST - Regionalprojekt Ökopunkte Niederösterreich TI - Regionalprojekt Ökopunkte Niederösterreich UR - http://www.noe.gv.at/Land-Forstwirtschaft/Laendliche-Entwicklung/Oekopunkte.html ID - 115 ER - TY - RPRT AU - OÖLReg, Amt der CY - Linz PY - 2010 SP - 26 ST - Das Schuzgut Boden im DORIS. Lesehilfe zur Bodenfunktionsbe- wertung TI - Das Schuzgut Boden im DORIS. Lesehilfe zur Bodenfunktionsbe- wertung ID - 3383 ER - TY - GEN AU - Landesregierung, Amt der Voralberger CY - Bregenz PY - 2001 ST - Klima von Voralberg - eine anwendungsorientierte Klimatographie TI - Klima von Voralberg - eine anwendungsorientierte Klimatographie ID - 116 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Amthor, J.S. IS - 73 PY - 2001 SP - 1–34. ST - Effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration on wheat yield: review of results from experiments using various approaches to control CO2 concentration T2 - Field Crops Research TI - Effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration on wheat yield: review of results from experiments using various approaches to control CO2 concentration ID - 117 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Anderberg, Michael R. CY - New York KW - Cluster_analysis LB - anderberg1973 PB - Academic Press PY - 1973 SP - 359 pp. ST - Cluster analysis for applications T2 - Probability and Mathematical Statistics TI - Cluster analysis for applications ID - 118 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Umweltbundesamt AU - Anderl, Michael AU - Gangl, Marion AU - Kampel, Elisabeth AU - Köther, Traute AU - Lorenz-Meyer, Verena AU - Muik, Barbara AU - Schodl, Barbara AU - Poupa, Stefan AU - Wappel, Daniela CY - Wien PB - Umweltbundesamt PY - 2007 SN - ISBN: 3-85457-899-7 SP - 121 ST - Emissionstrends 1990-2005. T2 - Ein Überblick über die österreichischen Verursacher von Luftschadstoffen TI - Emissionstrends 1990-2005. ID - 119 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - GmbH, Umweltbundesamt AU - Anderl, Michael AU - Gangl, Marion AU - Kampel, Elisabeth AU - Köther, Traute AU - Lorenz-Meyer, Verena AU - Muik, Barbara AU - Schodl, Barbara AU - Poupa, Stephan AU - Wappel, Daniela C6 - ISBN 3-85457-899-7 CY - Wien PY - 2007 SP - 121 ST - EMISSIONSTRENDS 1990–2005 T2 - Ein Überblick über die österreichischen Verursacher von Luftschadstoffen (Datenstand 2007) TI - EMISSIONSTRENDS 1990–2005 ID - 120 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. PY - 1930 SP - 649-676 ST - Der Einfluß der Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit auf die Dauer der Eizeit. I. Beitrag zu einer exakten Biologie des linierten Graurüßlers (Sitona lineata L.) T2 - Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere TI - Der Einfluß der Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit auf die Dauer der Eizeit. I. Beitrag zu einer exakten Biologie des linierten Graurüßlers (Sitona lineata L.) VL - 17 ID - 121 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. CY - Berlin PB - Springer PY - 1931 ST - Der linierte Graurüßler oder Blattrandkäfer Sitona lineata L. T2 - Monographien zum Pflanzenschutz TI - Der linierte Graurüßler oder Blattrandkäfer Sitona lineata L VL - 6 ID - 122 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. PY - 1933 SP - 55-79. ST - Analyse des Schadens und Massenwechsels des linierten Blattrandkäfers (Sitona lineata L.). Seine Bekämpfung und Abwehr. T2 - Landw. Jahrb. TI - Analyse des Schadens und Massenwechsels des linierten Blattrandkäfers (Sitona lineata L.). Seine Bekämpfung und Abwehr VL - 78 ID - 123 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. PY - 1934 SP - 86-116 ST - Der Einfluss der Umweltbedingungen, Temperatur und Ernährung auf die Eiererzeugung und Lebensdauer eines Insektes (Sitona lineata L.) mit postmetaboler Eientwicklung und langer Legezeit T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Der Einfluss der Umweltbedingungen, Temperatur und Ernährung auf die Eiererzeugung und Lebensdauer eines Insektes (Sitona lineata L.) mit postmetaboler Eientwicklung und langer Legezeit VL - 20 ID - 124 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ANDERSEN, K. T. PY - 1934 SP - 478-486 ST - Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Temperatur auf die Eierzeugung von Insekten. I. Einfluß konstanter Temperaturen auf die Eierzeugung von Sitona lineata L T2 - Biologisches Zentralblatt TI - Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Temperatur auf die Eierzeugung von Insekten. I. Einfluß konstanter Temperaturen auf die Eierzeugung von Sitona lineata L VL - 54 ID - 125 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Bildung, Bundeszentrale für Politische AU - Andersen, U. AU - Woyke, W. (Hrsg.) CY - Bonn PB - BpB Verlag PY - 2003 SN - 3-8100-3865-2 ST - Handwörterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland TI - Handwörterbuch des politischen Systems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ID - 126 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: Many studies have linked weather to mortality; however, role of such critical factors as regional variation, susceptible populations, and acclimatization remain unresolved. METHODS: We applied time-series models to 107 US communities allowing a nonlinear relationship between temperature and mortality by using a 14-year dataset. Second-stage analysis was used to relate cold, heat, and heat wave effect estimates to community-specific variables. We considered exposure timeframe, susceptibility, age, cause of death, and confounding from pollutants. Heat waves were modeled with varying intensity and duration. RESULTS: Heat-related mortality was most associated with a shorter lag (average of same day and previous day), with an overall increase of 3.0% (95% posterior interval: 2.4%-3.6%) in mortality risk comparing the 99th and 90th percentile temperatures for the community. Cold-related mortality was most associated with a longer lag (average of current day up to 25 days previous), with a 4.2% (3.2%-5.3%) increase in risk comparing the first and 10th percentile temperatures for the community. Mortality risk increased with the intensity or duration of heat waves. Spatial heterogeneity in effects indicates that weather-mortality relationships from 1 community may not be applicable in another. Larger spatial heterogeneity for absolute temperature estimates (comparing risk at specific temperatures) than for relative temperature estimates (comparing risk at community-specific temperature percentiles) provides evidence for acclimatization. We identified susceptibility based on age, socioeconomic conditions, urbanicity, and central air conditioning. CONCLUSIONS: Acclimatization, individual susceptibility, and community characteristics all affect heat-related effects on mortality AU - Anderson, B.G. AU - Bell, M.L. IS - 2 PY - 2009 SP - 205-13 ST - Weather-related mortality: how heat, cold, and heat waves affect mortality in the United States T2 - Epidemiology TI - Weather-related mortality: how heat, cold, and heat waves affect mortality in the United States VL - 20 ID - 127 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Europe, WHO Regional Office for AU - Anderson, H. Ross AU - Atkinson, Richard W. AU - Peacock, Janet L. AU - Marston, Louise AU - Konstantinou, Kostas CY - Kopenhagen PY - 2004 ST - Metaanalysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and ozon (O3) T2 - Report of a WHO task group TI - Metaanalysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and ozon (O3) UR - http://www.euro.who.int/document/E82792.pdf ID - 128 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Anderson, H.R. AU - Atkinson, R.W. AU - Peacock, J.L. AU - Marston, L. AU - Konstantinou, K. CY - Kopenhagen PB - WHO Regional Office for Europe PY - 2004 SP - 80 ST - Metaanalysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and Ozon (O3). TI - Metaanalysis of time-series studies and panel studies of Particulate Matter (PM) and Ozon (O3). UR - http://www.euro.who.int/document/E82792.pdf ID - 129 ER - TY - GEN AU - Anderwald, P. AU - H LB - ande91 PY - 1991 ST - Qualitative Analyse der Entwicklung und Mobilität ausgewählter Trichopterenpopulationen der Donau und deren Abhängigkeit von Umweltvariablen TI - Qualitative Analyse der Entwicklung und Mobilität ausgewählter Trichopterenpopulationen der Donau und deren Abhängigkeit von Umweltvariablen ID - 130 ER - TY - GEN AU - Anderwald, P. AU - H. LB - ande91 PY - 1991 ST - Qualitative Analyse der Entwicklung und Mobilität ausgewählter Trichopterenpopulationen der Donau und deren Abhängigkeit von Umweltvariablen TI - Qualitative Analyse der Entwicklung und Mobilität ausgewählter Trichopterenpopulationen der Donau und deren Abhängigkeit von Umweltvariablen ID - 131 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Andrade-Leal, R. N. AU - Bachhiesl, M. AU - Drabek, U. AU - Gutknecht, D. AU - Haiden, T. AU - Holzmann, H. AU - Hebenstreit, K. AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Nachtnebel, H. P. AU - J. Precht, J. LB - andradeleal2002 PY - 2002 SP - 129-134 ST - Hydrologische Vorhersagemodelle im operationellen Betrieb der Wasserkraftwirtschaft T2 - österr. Wasser- u. Abfallwirtschaft TI - Hydrologische Vorhersagemodelle im operationellen Betrieb der Wasserkraftwirtschaft VL - 54 ID - 132 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Andrecs, P. CY - Wien LB - andrecs1996 PB - FBVA PY - 1996 SN - 170 ST - Analyse und Statistische Auswertung Von Hochwassermeldungen 1972 - 1993: Grundlagen Für Die Beurteilung Von Gefährdungen Durch Wildbäche TI - Analyse und Statistische Auswertung Von Hochwassermeldungen 1972 - 1993: Grundlagen Für Die Beurteilung Von Gefährdungen Durch Wildbäche ID - 133 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Germanwatch, WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE (Ed.) in Cooperation with Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung and AU - ANDREWS, C. AU - URBANSKA, W. CY - München PB - München: oekom Verlag PY - 2010 ST - Warum weniger einfach mehr ist T2 - Zur Lage der Welt 2010, Einfach besser leben – Nachhaltigkeit als neuer Lebensstil TI - Warum weniger einfach mehr ist ID - 3505 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Trees growing at the alpine timberline very seldom undergo severe water stress because of high precipitation during the vegetative period. Since trees are adapted to moist conditions, moderate water deficit may lead to a strong reduction in transpiration. Transpiration and xylem water potential were measured in two individuals each of Pinus cembra, Larix decidua and Picea abies growing at the timberline (2 080 m a.s.l.) in the north-eastern Italian Alps. From June to October 1996 predawn water potential was between -0.29 and -1.0 MPa with moderate differences among species. Throughout the growing period L. decidua showed a progressive decrease in the minimum water potential (from -0.45 to -1.93 MPa); in P. abies and P. cembra variations were more correlated to weather conditions with minima (-1.2 and -1.49 MPa, respectively) during a mild drought period. L. decidua showed the mean daily maximum sap flux density (about 3.3 dm3 dm-2 h-1) while mean maximum values in P. abies and P. cembra were about 0.9 and 0.7, respectively. High daily fluctuations of sap flow were observed in relation to rapid variations in weather conditions, particularly in L. decidua. Regardless of species a very high stomatal sensitivity to vapour pressure deficit was recorded. The three species seem to have evolved different drought avoidance strategies. L. decidua maintained a relatively high transpiration even during moderate water deficit periods because of its high water uptake capacity. During the same drought period P. abies and P. cembra showed an evident reduction in sap flux, suggesting a water saving behaviour. These different responses should be taken into account when considering the effects of global change on timberline trees. AD - Dipto. Territorio e Sistemi Agro F., University of Padova, Agripolis, Via Romea, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy AU - Anfodillo, T. AU - Rento, S. AU - Carraro, V. AU - Furlanetto, L. AU - Urbinati, C. AU - Carrer, M. DO - Cited By (since 1996) 18 Export Date 25 January 2011 Source Scopus IS - 1-2 KW - Climate warming effects Drought resistance Stomatal sensitivity Timberline Water relations PY - 1998 SP - 159-172 ST - Tree water relations and climatic variations at the alpine timberline: Seasonal changes of sap flux and xylem water potential in Larix decidua Miller, Picea abies (L.) Karst. and Pinus cembra L T2 - Annales des Sciences Forestieres TI - Tree water relations and climatic variations at the alpine timberline: Seasonal changes of sap flux and xylem water potential in Larix decidua Miller, Picea abies (L.) Karst. and Pinus cembra L UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031981633&partnerID=40&md5=c870a9d97c4eedf10dab4b771d2b2484 VL - 55 ID - 134 ER - TY - CONF AU - Angeringer, W. AU - Karrer, G. CY - BOKU, Vienna PY - 2007 ST - Preserving species richness in hay meadows of Vienna´s nature conservation area Lainzer Tiergarten T2 - Biocultural Diversity – a global issue TI - Preserving species richness in hay meadows of Vienna´s nature conservation area Lainzer Tiergarten ID - 135 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Annicchiarico, P. DO - 10.1023/A:1002954824178 IS - 1 KW - adaptation AMMI cereals genotype-environment interaction joint regression stability LA - English N1 - Euphytica PY - 1997 SN - 0014-2336 SP - 53-62 ST - Joint regression vs AMMI analysis of genotype-environment interactions for cereals in Italy T2 - Euphytica TI - Joint regression vs AMMI analysis of genotype-environment interactions for cereals in Italy UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1002954824178 VL - 94 ID - 3332 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Annila, E. PY - 1969 ST - Influence of Temperature Upon the Development and Voltinism of Ips Typographus L. Coleoptera, Scolytidae TI - Influence of Temperature Upon the Development and Voltinism of Ips Typographus L. Coleoptera, Scolytidae UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=RJs7ywAACAAJ ID - 136 ER - TY - MAP A2 - Bodenkartierung, Österreichische AU - Anonymous CY - Vienna PB - Bundesanstalt für Bodenwirtschaft PY - 1972 ST - Bodenkarte 1:25000, Kartierungsbereich Groß Enzersdorf, NÖ TI - Bodenkarte 1:25000, Kartierungsbereich Groß Enzersdorf, NÖ ID - 137 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ANONYMUS PB - SYNGENTA Agro GmbH PY - 2002 ST - Schädlinge der wichtigsten Ackerkulturen TI - Schädlinge der wichtigsten Ackerkulturen ID - 138 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aranda, I. AU - Gil, L. AU - Pardos, J. A. IS - 2 PY - 2005 SP - 155-167 ST - Seasonal changes in apparent hydraulic conductance and their implications for water use of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl] in South Europe T2 - Plant ecology. TI - Seasonal changes in apparent hydraulic conductance and their implications for water use of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and sessile oak [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl] in South Europe UR - http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND43789644 VL - 179 ID - 139 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aransay, A. M. AU - Ready, P. D. AU - Morillas-Marquez, F. IS - 4 PY - 0000 SN - 0018-067X SP - 316-325 ST - Population differentiation of Phlebotomus perniciosus in Spain following postglacial dispersal T2 - Heredity TI - Population differentiation of Phlebotomus perniciosus in Spain following postglacial dispersal UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800246 VL - 90 ID - 140 ER - TY - GEN AU - ARENSON, L.U. CY - Zürich NV - 4 PB - Vdf, Hochsch.-Verl. ETH PY - 2003 ST - Unstable Alpine Permafrost: a Potentially Important Natural Hazard - Variations of Geotechnical Behaviour with Time and Temperature T2 - Publications of the Institute for Geotechnical Engineering (IGT) TI - Unstable Alpine Permafrost: a Potentially Important Natural Hazard - Variations of Geotechnical Behaviour with Time and Temperature VL - 218 ID - 141 ER - TY - WEB AU - ARGE ELEFANTENWÄRME M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - o. J. ST - Steckbrief: Miscanthus Giganteus Chinaschilf TI - Steckbrief: Miscanthus Giganteus Chinaschilf UR - http://www.elefantenwaerme.at ID - 142 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Armington, P. S. PY - 1969 SP - 159-178 ST - A Theory of Demand for Products Distinguished by Place of Production T2 - International Monetary Fund Staff Papers TI - A Theory of Demand for Products Distinguished by Place of Production ID - 143 ER - TY - JOUR AB - There have been relatively few studies that have attempted to separate the effects of the different factors affecting the short- and long-term changes of UV radiation. The effect of ozone is fairly easily represented, but that of other factors (surface albedo, aerosols, clouds) is more complex. In this paper, we present a methodology that can account for the other effects as well. We have used this methodology to study what part of the short- and long-term variability of measured spectral UV data from Sodankylä, Finland (67°N), and Thessaloniki, Greece (40°N), is explained by each factor. It was found that the effect of ozone on the short-term variability of monthly mean irradiance can be almost as high as 100%, whereas on average it is about 35%. The corresponding impacts by clouds are typically smaller, 40% and 12%, respectively. During May the albedo-related effect is strongest at Sodankylä, being 21% at its maximum and 7% on average at monthly levels. The amplitude of the variability caused by ozone is much stronger at Sodankylä than at Thessaloniki, so a longer time series at the former place is needed to detect any possible long-term trend. In the Thessaloniki time series there is no significant ozone-related increase. In the summer data from Thessaloniki, however, there is a long-term increase, which is mainly caused by cloudiness. It was found that it is crucial to check the spectral data for any possible wavelength shift, if the long-term variability at a single wavelength is studied. Moreover, it was demonstrated that if the irradiance measurements of a given solar zenith angle (SZA) range are selected, the use of even the rather narrow band of 2° can introduce an effect that hampers trend detection. In other words, it is important to remove the effect of SZA and normalize all the measurements to some constant SZA value. AU - Arola, A. AU - Lakkala, K. AU - Bais, A. AU - Kaurola, J. AU - Meleti, C. AU - Taalas, P. DO - 10.1029/2003JD003447 IS - D17 KW - 0360 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Transmission and scattering of radiation 3359 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Radiative processes 3367 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Theoretical modeling 3394 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Instruments and techniques PY - 2003 SN - 0148-0227 SP - 4549 ST - Factors affecting short- and long-term changes of spectral UV irradiance at two European stations T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - Factors affecting short- and long-term changes of spectral UV irradiance at two European stations UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003447 VL - 108 ID - 144 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In a new proposed classification of the subfamily, Phlebotominae is divided into 2 tribes (Idiophlebotomini and Phlebotomini), 7 subtribes (Idiophlebotomina, Hertiigina, Phlebotomina, Australophlebotomina, Brumptomyiina, Spelaeomyiina and and Sergentomyiina), 24 genera, 40 subgenera and 70 species groups. AU - Artemiev, M. M. PY - 1991 SP - 69-77 ST - A classification of the subfamily Phlebotominae T2 - Parassitologia TI - A classification of the subfamily Phlebotominae VL - 33 ID - 145 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Aschwanden, H. AU - Weingartner, R. PB - Geogr. Inst. Univ. Bern PY - 1985 SP - 238 ST - Die Abflussregimes der Schweiz T2 - Publikation Gewässerkunde 65 TI - Die Abflussregimes der Schweiz ID - 3564 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To assess the effect of removing leishmania-infected dogs on the incidence of visceral leishmaniasis, a controlled intervention study was performed in northeast Brazil. The attempted elimination of seropositive dogs resulted in an initial significant decrease in the annual incidence of seroconversion among dogs from 36% to 6% over the first two years. In the following two years, the incidence increased to 11% and 14%, respectively. In a control area in which dogs were surveyed but seropositive dogs were not removed, the cumulative incidence did not vary significantly from year to year, ranging from 16% to 27%. In the intervention area, the prevalence of dog seropositivity decreased from 36% before the intervention to 10% and remained stable. These findings suggest that attempting to remove seropositive dogs is insufficient as a measure for eradicating visceral leishmaniasis in dogs. However, the force of transmission of infection among dogs can be reduced by such programs. Also, when the number of human cases before and after the start of the intervention was calculated, a significant decrease in incidence of disease in the intervention area was observed among children less than 15 years of age (P , 0.01). The results of this intervention study suggest that the elimination of the majority of seropositive dogs may affect the cumulative incidence of seroconversion in dogs temporarily and may also diminish the incidence of human cases of visceral leishmaniasis. AU - Ashford, D.A. AU - David, J.R. AU - Freire, M. AU - David, R. AU - Sherlock, I. AU - Eulálio, M.C. AU - Sampaio, D.P. AU - Badaro, R. IS - 1 PY - 1998 SP - 53-57 ST - Studies on control of visceral leishmaniasis: impact of dog control on canine and human visceral leishmaniasis in Jacobina, Bahia, Brazil T2 - American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene TI - Studies on control of visceral leishmaniasis: impact of dog control on canine and human visceral leishmaniasis in Jacobina, Bahia, Brazil VL - 59 ID - 146 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Aspöck, H. PY - 1979 SP - 11-28 ST - Biogeographie der Arboviren Europas Beiträge zur Geoökologie der Menschen Vorträge des 3. Geomedizinischen Symposiums, Schloß Riesenburg 1977 T2 - Geographische Zeitschrift, Beiheft TI - Biogeographie der Arboviren Europas Beiträge zur Geoökologie der Menschen Vorträge des 3. Geomedizinischen Symposiums, Schloß Riesenburg 1977 VL - 51 ID - 147 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Kromp-Kolb, H. A2 - Gerersdorfer, T. AU - Aspöck, H. PB - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft PY - 2003 SP - 85-89 und 141 ST - Zur Frage der Bedeutung eines möglichen globalen Klimawandels für die Verbreitung von Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen in Mitteleuropa T2 - Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen auf die Tierwelt – derzeitiger Wissensstand, fokussiert auf den Alpenraum und Österreich T3 - Projekt GZ 54 3895/171-V/4/02, Endbericht TI - Zur Frage der Bedeutung eines möglichen globalen Klimawandels für die Verbreitung von Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen in Mitteleuropa ID - 148 ER - TY - GEN AU - Aspöck, H. AU - Aspöck, U. AU - Rausch, H. PY - 1991 SP - 600-611 ST - Biogeographisches Glossarium T2 - Die Raphidiopteren der Erde Eine monographische Darstellung der Systematik, Taxonomie, Biologie, Ökologie und Chorologie der rezenten Raphidiopteren der Erde, mit einer zusammenfassenden Übersicht der fossilen Raphidiopteren (Insecta: Neuropteroidea) TI - Biogeographisches Glossarium ID - 149 ER - TY - CHAP AU - ASSADOURIAN, E. CY - München PB - WORLDWATCH INSTITU- TE (Ed.) in Cooperation with Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung and Germanwatch München: oekom Verlag PY - 2010 SN - 978-3865812025 SP - 300 ST - Aufstieg und Fall unserer Konsumkultur SV - 4/2010 T2 - Zur Lage der Welt 2010. Einfach besser leben – Nachhaltigkeit als neuer Lebensstil TI - Aufstieg und Fall unserer Konsumkultur ID - 3506 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Asztalos, J. AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Escher-Vetter, H. AU - Braun, L. LB - Asztalos2006 PY - 2006 ST - A distributed energy balance snow and glacier melt model as a component of a flood forecasting system for the Inn river T2 - Proceedings of the Alpine Snow Workshop, Munich, October 5-6, Germany TI - A distributed energy balance snow and glacier melt model as a component of a flood forecasting system for the Inn river ID - 3565 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Atkinson, R. AU - Anderson, H.R. PY - 2005 SP - 37-50 ST - New E-R function for respiratory hospital admissions. Analysis of all-age respiratory hospital admissions and particulate air pollution within the Apheis programme T2 - APHEIS Air Pollution and Health: A European Information System Health Impact Assessment of air pollution and Communication Strategy TI - New E-R function for respiratory hospital admissions. Analysis of all-age respiratory hospital admissions and particulate air pollution within the Apheis programme UR - http://www.apheis.net VL - 143 Seiten ID - 150 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Atteslander, Peter. CY - Berlin ET - 13. Auflage ST - Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung TI - Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung ID - 3614 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The decomposition of litter, the mineralization of the nutrients it holds, and the uptake of nutrients by tree roots are the themes of this review. Studies of decomposition of litter in forests have been dominated by the role of nitrogen as a limiting factor: however, for many forests of the world growing on soils of considerable age, it seems more probable that growth and nutrient cycling are limited by phosphorus (or some other element). In contrast to the mineralization of phosphorus, knowledge of transformations and availability of nitrogen in forest soils is well-developed. Recent studies in coniferous forest soils have highlighted the short turnover time of NH4+. It seems that forest soils are resistant to major changes in patterns of nitrogen and phosphorus mineralization following disturbance by natural and man-made events. -from Authors AD - School of Botany, The Univ. of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. AU - Attiwill, P. M. AU - Adams, M. A. DB - Scopus IS - 4 KW - decomposition forest forest soil litter litter decomposition nitrogen nutrient cycling nutrient limitation phosphorus rhizosphere LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):266 PY - 1993 SN - 0028646X SP - 561-582 ST - Nutrient cycling in forests T2 - New Phytologist TI - Nutrient cycling in forests UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027881256&partnerID=40&md5=57ae17d75a1c156a99b692ab9f986497 VL - 124 ID - 3405 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Aubrecht, P. PB - Umweltbundesamt, Wien PY - 1998 ST - Corine Landcover in Österreich. Vom Sattelitenbild zum digitalen Bodenbedeckungsdatensatz. TI - Corine Landcover in Österreich. Vom Sattelitenbild zum digitalen Bodenbedeckungsdatensatz ID - 151 ER - TY - RPRT AU - I., Auer AU - E., Korus AU - R., Böhm AU - W., Schöner PY - 2005 ST - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck, Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Öster-reich Start Clim 2004, Wien, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik. TI - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck, Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Österreich StartClim2004, Wien, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik ID - 152 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, C. CY - Zürich PB - Mitt. Schw. Anst. Forstl. Versuchsw. PY - 1947 SP - 143 ST - Untersuchungen über die natürliche Verjüngung der Lärche im Arven-Lärchenwald des Oberengadins TI - Untersuchungen über die natürliche Verjüngung der Lärche im Arven-Lärchenwald des Oberengadins VL - 25 ID - 153 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Auer, I. CY - Vienna SP - 251-256 ST - Precipitation Measurements in a high Alpine Region - Intercomparisons of different measuring systems T2 - TECO 92 WMO/TD TI - Precipitation Measurements in a high Alpine Region - Intercomparisons of different measuring systems VL - 462 ID - 154 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Heikinheimo, P. AU - Auer, I. LB - auer1995 PY - 1995 ST - Extreme Precipitation Events - Time Series Analyses of Viennese Data T2 - International Conference on Past, Present and Future Climate TI - Extreme Precipitation Events - Time Series Analyses of Viennese Data ID - 155 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Auer, I. . AU - et al. LB - auer1989 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Magistrat der Stadt Wien; Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 1989 RP - StClB-Lit ST - Klima von Wien = Beiträge zur Stadtforschung, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtgestaltung, Band 20: Eine andwendungsorientierte Klimatographie; Forschungsprojekt (Projekt WC8)im Rahmen der Bund-Bundesländer-Kooperation auf dem Gebiet der Rohstoff- und Energieforschung TI - Klima von Wien = Beiträge zur Stadtforschung, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtgestaltung, Band 20: Eine andwendungsorientierte Klimatographie; Forschungsprojekt (Projekt WC8)im Rahmen der Bund-Bundesländer-Kooperation auf dem Gebiet der Rohstoff- und Energieforschung ID - 156 ER - TY - WEB AU - Auer, I. Böhm R. Mohnl H. Potzmann R. Schöner W. Skomarowski P. PB - Zentralanstalt für Meterologie und Geodynamik PY - 2001 ST - ÖKLIM, Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs TI - ÖKLIM, Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs ID - 157 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. Böhm R. Schöner W. PY - 2001 SP - 146 pages plus Data und Metadata CD ST - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000, Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe T2 - Österr. Beitr. zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000, Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe VL - H.25 ID - 158 ER - TY - CONF AU - Auer, I. Böhm R. Schöner W. Hagen M. CY - Flagstaff, Arizona PB - AMS, Boston PY - 1998 SP - pp.77-80. ST - 20th century increase of boundary layer turbidity derived from alpine sunshine and cloudiness series. T2 - 8th Conference on Mountain Meteorology TI - 20th century increase of boundary layer turbidity derived from alpine sunshine and cloudiness series ID - 159 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. et al. PY - 2007 SP - 17-46 ST - HISTALP – Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater Alpine region 1760-2003 T2 - Internat. Journal of Climatology TI - HISTALP – Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater Alpine region 1760-2003 VL - 27 ID - 160 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, I., Böhm, R., Mohnl, H., Potzmann, R., Schöner, W., Skomarowski, P. CY - Wien, Österreich PB - Zentralanstalt für Meterologie und Geodynamik PY - 2001 ST - ÖKLIM, Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs TI - ÖKLIM, Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs ID - 161 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I., Böhm, R., Schöner, W. PY - 2001 SP - 146 pages plus Data und Metadata CD ST - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000, Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe T2 - Österr. Beitr. zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000, Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe VL - H.25 ID - 162 ER - TY - CONF AU - Auer, I., Böhm, R., Schöner, W., Hagen, M. CY - Flagstaff, Arizona PB - AMS, Boston PY - 1998 SP - pp.77-80. ST - 20th century increase of boundary layer turbidity derived from alpine sunshine and cloudiness series. T2 - 8th Conference on Mountain Meteorology TI - 20th century increase of boundary layer turbidity derived from alpine sunshine and cloudiness series ID - 163 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - al, et PY - 2005 SP - 139 - 166 ST - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the Periode 1800 - 2002 T2 - International journal of climatology TI - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the Periode 1800 - 2002 VL - 25 ID - 164 ER - TY - WEB AU - Auer, I. AU - al, et PY - 2006 ST - Histalp - Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater alpine region TI - Histalp - Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater alpine region UR - http://www.zamg.ac.at/ALP-IMP/ ID - 165 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - al., et PY - 2005 SP - 139 - 166 ST - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the Periode 1800 - 2002 T2 - International journal of climatology TI - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the Periode 1800 - 2002 VL - 25 ID - 166 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, I. AU - al., et PY - 2006 ST - Histalp - Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater alpine region TI - Histalp - Historical instrumental climatological surface time series of the greater alpine region UR - http://www.zamg.ac.at/ALP-IMP/ ID - 167 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The paper describes the development of a dataset of 192 monthly precipitation series covering the greater alpine region (GAR, 4-18�E by 43-49�N). A few of the time series extend back to 1800. A description is provided of the sometimes laborious processes that were involved in this work: from locating the original sources of the data to homogenizing the records and eliminating as many of the outliers as possible. Locating the records required exhaustive searches of archives currently held in yearbooks and other sources of the states, countries and smaller regional authorities that existed at various times during the last 200 years. Homogeneity of each record was assessed by comparison with neighbouring series, although this becomes difficult when the density of stations reduces in the earliest years. An additional 47 series were used, but the density of the sites in Austria and Switzerland was reduced to maintain an even coverage in space across the whole of the GAR. We are confident of the series back to 1840, but the quality of data before this date must be considered poorer. Of all of the issues involved in homogenizing these data, perhaps the most serious problem is associated with the differences in the height above ground of the precipitation gauges, in particular the general lowering of gauge heights in the late 19th century for all countries, with the exception of Italy. The standard gauge height in the early-to-mid 19th century was 15-30 m above the ground, with gauges being generally sited on rooftops. Adjustments to some series of the order of 30-50% are necessary for compatibility with the near-ground location of gauges during much of the 20th century. Adjustments are sometimes larger in the winter, when catching snowfall presents serious problems. Data from mountain-top observatories have not been included in this compilation (because of the problem of measuring snowfall), so the highest gauge sites are at elevations of 1600-1900 m in high alpine valley locations. Two subsequent papers will analyse the dataset. The first will compare the series with other large-scale precipitation datasets for this region, and the second will describe the major modes of temporal variability of precipitation totals in different seasons and determine coherent regions of spatial variability. Copyright � 2005 Royal Meteorological Society. AD - ZAMG-Ctrl. Inst. Meteorol./Geodynam., Vienna, Austria Istituto ISAC-CNR, Bologna, Italy Ist. di Fisica Generale Applicata, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy CRU-Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom Me?te?o France, Toulouse, France MeteoSchweiz, Zu?rich, Switzerland Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic SHMU, Bratislava, Slovakia HMZS, Ljubljana, Slovenia DHMZ, Zagreb, Croatia FMZ, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina HMS, Budapest, Hungary SMI, Torino, Italy Ctrl. Inst. for Meteorol./Geodynam., Hohe Warte 38, A-1190 Wien, Austria AU - Auer, I. AU - Bo?hm, R. AU - Jurkovic, A. AU - Orlik, A. AU - Potzmann, R. AU - Scho?ner, W. AU - Ungersbo?ck, M. AU - Brunetti, M. AU - Nanni, T. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Briffa, K. AU - Jones, P. AU - Efthymiadis, D. AU - Mestre, O. AU - Moisselin, J. M. AU - Begert, M. AU - Brazdil, R. AU - Bochnicek, O. AU - Cegnar, T. AU - Gaji-?C?apka, M. AU - Zaninovic, K. AU - Majstorovic, Z. AU - Szalai, S. AU - Szentimrey, T. AU - Mercalli, L. IS - 2 KW - Greater alpine region Homogeneity Instrumental period Monthly precipitation time series Climatology Data reduction Gages Meteorology Problem solving Snow Time series analysis Meteorological stations Precipitation gauges Spatial variability Temporal variability Precipitation (chemical) data acquisition data set documentary source precipitation (climatology) raingauge Alps Eastern Hemisphere Eurasia Europe World N1 - 08998418 (ISSN) Cited By (since 1996): 21 Export Date: 14 May 2007 Source: Scopus CODEN: IJCLE doi: 10.1002/joc.1135 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Auer, I.; Central Inst. Meteorol./Geodynamics; Hohe Warte 38 A-1190 Wien, Austria; email: ingeborg.auer@zamg.ac.at References: Aguilar, E., Auer, I., Brunet, M., Peterson, T.C., Wieringa, J., Guidelines on climate metadata and homogenization (2003), World Climate Programme Data and Monitoring WCDMP-No. 53. WMO-TD No. 1186, WMO, Geneva; Alexandersson, H., A homogeneity test applied to precipitation data (1986) Journal of Climate, 6, pp. 661-675; Alexandersson, H., Moberg, A., Homogenization of Swedish temperature data, part I: A homogeneity test for linear trends (1997) International Journal of Climatology, 7, pp. 1001-1013; Multi-centennial climate variability in the Alps based on instrumental data, model simulations and proxy data (2003), ALP-IMP 2003-2006 Project. EU-FP5, EVK2-CT-2002-00 148. www.zamg.ac.at/ ALP-IMP (access for the whole project duration); (1783) Ephemerides Societatis Meteorologicae Palatinae, Historia Et Observationes, 1. , Anon. 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PY - 2005 SP - 139-166 ST - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the period 1800-2002 T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater alpine region for the period 1800-2002 UR - http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-20044377405&partnerID=40&rel=R6.0.0 VL - 25 ID - 168 ER - TY - JOUR AB - One of the objectives of EU-project ALPCLIM is the generation of a gridded data-set of monthly instrumental precipitation data. The area of investigation covers the Alps and wide regions of the surroundings from 4� to 18�E and 43� to 49� N. Grid distance is 1 deg longitude and 1 deg latitude. The project is not finished yet, more than 140 single series have been collected by now and are in the state of homogeneity testing and adjusting. The average linear distance of the stations is 75 km. Furthermore first results can be shown, dealing with the main purpose of the generation of the instrumental data-set within ALPCLIM-to use the instrumental data (both temperature and precipitation) to create a longer temperature proxi-data-set based on stable isotope ice core data from high elevation sites in the Monte Rosa and Mont Blanc region. The ice core temperature proxis are supposed to be at least 500 years long. The precipitation series will be used to analyse the problem that ice-cores in principle carry information only for precipitation days, not for all days. Analyses on daily temperature and precipitation data of 50 years series have shown already a way to construct "precipitation-mass weighted mean temperatures" for the longer series based on monthly values. The degree of correlation of those "precipitation-mass-weighted" temperatures with real temperatures will decide on the possibility to use stable isotope proxis from high level sites as temperature information. In addition to the described use within ALPCLIM, also projects like MAP may profit from the outcome of the ALPCLIM precipitation data-set. It will provide the MAP community with carefully homogenised monthly precipitation series to see the situation of MAP-results in a long-term context. � 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Vienna, Austria Instituto Di Fisica Generale Applicata, Milan, Italy Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Hohe Warte 38, 1190 Vienna, Austria AU - Auer, I. AU - Bo?hm, R. AU - Maugeri, M. IS - 5-6 KW - Data recording Ice Isotopes Precipitation (meteorology) Long-term gridded precipitation data-set Earth (planet) alpine environment data set ice core precipitation (climatology) proxy climate record time series Europe N1 - 14641909 (ISSN) Cited By (since 1996): 1 Export Date: 14 May 2007 Source: Scopus CODEN: PCBHF doi: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00029-6 Language of Original Document: English Correspondence Address: Auer, I.; Cntrl. Inst. for Meteor.Geodynamics; Hohe Warte 38 Vienna 1190, Austria References: Auer, I., Bo?hm, R., Scho?ner, W., Hagen, M., (1998) Endbericht Des Projekts ALOCLIM (Austrian Long Term Climate), , Centr. Inst. f. Met. a. Geodyn. GZ 308.938/3-IV/B/3/96. Vienna; Auer, I., Bo?hm, R., Scho?ner, W., (2000) Long Climatic Series from Austria. Accepted for Climatic Impacts: The Last 1000 Years, , Kluwer Academic Publishers; Bo?hm, R., Auer, I., Hagen, M., Scho?ner, W., (2000) Scientific Report of ZAMG In: ALPCLIM. Environmental and Climatic Records from High Elevation Alpine Glaciers, 2nd Year Progress Report, EC Programme Environment and Climate 1994-1998, , http://www.uphys.uni-heidelberg.de/glacis/ALPCLIM/homepage.html, EC - contract: ENV4-CT-0693, co-ordinated by D. Wagenbach; (2000) MAP Climate Workshop 31 March 2000, Meeting Report, , http://map.ethz.ch, MAP; Peterson, T.C., Easterling, D.R., Karl, T.R., Groisman, P., Nicholl, N., Plummer, N., Torok, S., Parker, D., Homogeneity adjustments of in situ atmospheric climate data: A review (1998) Int. J. Climatol, 18, pp. 1493-1517; (1999) Proceedings of the 2nd Seminar for Homogenization of Surface Climatological Data, , (Budapest, Hungary, 9-13 November 1998) WMO, WCDMP-No. 41. WMO-TD No.962. WMO, Geneva. PY - 2001 SP - 421-424 ST - A new long-term gridded precipitation data-set for the Alps and its application for Map and Alpclim T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part B: Hydrology, Oceans and Atmosphere TI - A new long-term gridded precipitation data-set for the Alps and its application for Map and Alpclim UR - http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035058480&partnerID=40&rel=R6.0.0 VL - 26 ID - 169 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. LB - auer1996 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1996 SP - 13-24 ST - Ein Beitrag zur Frage über die Zunahme extremer Niederschlagsereignisse und Ausweitung von Trockenperioden in einer wärmeren Atmosphäre anhand der Wiener Meßreihe T2 - Wetter und Leben TI - Ein Beitrag zur Frage über die Zunahme extremer Niederschlagsereignisse und Ausweitung von Trockenperioden in einer wärmeren Atmosphäre anhand der Wiener Meßreihe VL - 48 ID - 170 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Korus, E. AU - Schöner, W. PY - 2003 ST - Zeitliche Repräsentativitätsanalyse 50jähriger Klimadatensätze im Hinblick auf die Beschreibung der Variabilität von Extremwerten TI - Zeitliche Repräsentativitätsanalyse 50jähriger Klimadatensätze im Hinblick auf die Beschreibung der Variabilität von Extremwerten UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 171 ER - TY - GEN AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Leymüller, M. AU - Schöner, W. CY - Wien PY - 2002 SP - 304 ST - Das Klima des Sonnblicks T2 - Österr. Beitr. Z. Meteorologie u. Geophysik TI - Das Klima des Sonnblicks VL - 28 ID - 172 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Maugeri, M. PY - 2001 SP - Vol 26/5-6, 421-424. ST - A New long-term gridded precipitation data set for the Alps and its Application for MAP and ALPCLIM T2 - Journal for Physics and Chemistry of the Earth TI - A New long-term gridded precipitation data set for the Alps and its Application for MAP and ALPCLIM VL - Part B ID - 173 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Maugeri, M. IS - 5-6 LB - auer01 PY - 2001 SP - 421-424 ST - A New Long-Term Gridded Precipitation Data-Set for the Alps and its Application for Map and Alpclim T2 - Phys. Chem. Earth (B) TI - A New Long-Term Gridded Precipitation Data-Set for the Alps and its Application for Map and Alpclim VL - 26 ID - 174 ER - TY - CONF AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Mohnl, H. AU - Potzmann, R. AU - Schöner, W. CY - Pisa, Italy DA - 16.-20. Okt. LB - auer2000 N1 - CD-ROM PY - 2000 ST - ÖKLIM - A Digital Climatology of Austria 1961-90 T2 - 3rd European Conference on applied Climatology TI - ÖKLIM - A Digital Climatology of Austria 1961-90 ID - 175 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Institute of Agrometeorology and Environmental Analysis, Florence AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Mohnl, H. AU - Potzmann, R. AU - Schöner, W. CY - Rom PY - 2000 ST - ÖKLIM – A digital climatology of Austria 1961-1990 T2 - 3rd European Conference on Applied Climatology, 16 to 20 October 2000 TI - ÖKLIM – A digital climatology of Austria 1961-1990 ID - 176 ER - TY - CONF AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Potzmann, R. AU - Ungersböck, M. LB - auer03 PY - 2003 SP - 25-29 ST - Änderung der Frosthäufigkeit in Österreich T2 - 6. Deutsche Klimatagung, Klimavariabilität TI - Änderung der Frosthäufigkeit in Österreich ID - 177 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. LB - auer01c PY - 2001 SP - 25 ST - Austrian Long-Term Climate - Multiple Instrumental Climate Series from Central Europe T2 - Österr. Beitr. zu Meteorologie und Geophysik, Heft TI - Austrian Long-Term Climate - Multiple Instrumental Climate Series from Central Europe ID - 178 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. LB - auer2001b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2001 SP - 397 ST - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000 T2 - Multiple instrumental Climate time series from Central Europe. Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik, Heft TI - Austrian Long-term Climate 1767-2000 VL - 25 ID - 179 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. LB - auer2001 PB - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 2001 ST - Austrian Long-Term Climate 1767-2000. Multiple Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe. T2 - Österreichische Beiträge Zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Austrian Long-Term Climate 1767-2000. Multiple Instrumental Climate Time Series from Central Europe VL - 25 ID - 180 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Auer, I. AU - et al. LB - auer1989 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Magistrat der Stadt Wien; Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 1989 RP - StClB-Lit ST - Klima von Wien = Beiträge zur Stadtforschung, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtgestaltung, Band 20: Eine andwendungsorientierte Klimatographie; Forschungsprojekt (Projekt WC8)im Rahmen der Bund-Bundesländer-Kooperation auf dem Gebiet der Rohstoff- und Energieforschung TI - Klima von Wien = Beiträge zur Stadtforschung, Stadtentwicklung und Stadtgestaltung, Band 20: Eine andwendungsorientierte Klimatographie; Forschungsprojekt (Projekt WC8)im Rahmen der Bund-Bundesländer-Kooperation auf dem Gebiet der Rohstoff- und Energieforschung ID - 181 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - (ZAMG), Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik AU - AUER, I. AU - HIEBL, J. AU - REISENHOFER, S. AU - BÖHM, R. AU - SCHÖNER, W. CY - Vienna PB - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik (ZAMG) PY - 2010 ST - ÖKLIM 1971–2000 Aktualisierung des digitalen Klimaatlas Österreichs 1961–1990 TI - ÖKLIM 1971–2000 Aktualisierung des digitalen Klimaatlas Österreichs 1961–1990 ID - 182 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Auer, I. AU - Korus, E. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. PY - 2005 ST - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck TI - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2004 ID - 183 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - R, Böhm AU - N, Hammer AU - Schöner AU - T, Wiesinger AU - W, Winiwater LB - auer95 PY - 1995 SP - 12 ST - Glaziologische Untersuchungen im Sonnblickgebiet: Forschungsprogramm Wurtenkees T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik Heft TI - Glaziologische Untersuchungen im Sonnblickgebiet: Forschungsprogramm Wurtenkees ID - 184 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Auer, I. AU - R., Böhm AU - N., Hammer AU - Schöner. AU - T., Wiesinger AU - W., Winiwater LB - auer95 PY - 1995 SP - 12 ST - Glaziologische Untersuchungen im Sonnblickgebiet: Forschungsprogramm Wurtenkees T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik Heft TI - Glaziologische Untersuchungen im Sonnblickgebiet: Forschungsprogramm Wurtenkees ID - 185 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, Inge CY - Wien LB - auer92a PB - Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften PY - 1992 ST - Klimareihen: Analyse und Interpretation von Klimadaten T2 - Bestandsaufnahme antropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen auf Österreich - Mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich TI - Klimareihen: Analyse und Interpretation von Klimadaten ID - 186 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Steinhauser, Peter AU - Auer, Ingeborg CY - Wien LB - auer93a PB - Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 1993 ST - Niederschlagsschwankungen in Österreich T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik, Nr. 7 TI - Niederschlagsschwankungen in Österreich ID - 187 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Auer, Ingeborg AU - Böhm, Reinhard AU - Schöner, Wolfgang CY - Hohe Warte 38, A-1190 Vienna LB - auer2001a PB - Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics PY - 2001 ST - Austrian long-term climate 1767-2000 T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Austrian long-term climate 1767-2000 VL - 25 ID - 188 ER - TY - JOUR AU - AUFHAMMER, G. PY - 1937 ST - Wanzenschädigungen am Getreide T2 - Deutsche Landwirtschaftliche Presse TI - Wanzenschädigungen am Getreide VL - 64 ID - 189 ER - TY - JOUR AU - AUFHAMMER, G. AU - HOFMANN, C. PY - 1936 SP - 253-265 ST - Wanzenschäden an Getreide T2 - Praktische Blätter für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenschutz TI - Wanzenschäden an Getreide VL - 9 ID - 190 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Umweltschutz, Amt der Wiener Landesregierung MA22 - AU - Augustyn, R. AU - Mosor, T. AU - Priesner, M. AU - Riess, P. CY - Wien PY - 2005 ST - Statuserhebung PM10 2002&2003 in Wien gemäß Immissionsschutzgesetz - Luft. TI - Statuserhebung PM10 2002&2003 in Wien gemäß Immissionsschutzgesetz - Luft. UR - http://www.wien.gv.at/ma22/luft/pdf/iglstatus2003-pm10.pdf ID - 191 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Legume cover crops commonly used to supply additional N and reduce potential for over-winter N leaching losses may also influence denitrification depending upon soil water status and soil type. Interrelationships between incorporated hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) residue and soil water status on denitrification in coarse, medium and fine textured soils were investigated in the laboratory. Repacked soil cores were incubated, 10, 20 and 30 d with and without acetylene (C2H2). Denitrification losses were 20–200 μg N kg−1 from each soil when 60% of the soil pore space was filled with water and increased to from 14.0 to 18.6mg N kg−1 at 90% water-filled-pore space (WFPS). Incorporation of vetch residue (2.5 g kg−1) greatly stimulated denitrification (51.1–99.5 mg N kg−1), probably due to greater availability of organic C as indicated by higher CO2 emissions. The major denitrification losses occurred during the first 10 days and more so in residue-amended soils. The supply of C from incorporated legume crop residue was a major factor influencing denitritication especially when soil wetness restricted aeration and adequate nitrate was present. At similar water contents, rates of denitrification differed greatly in soils of varying texture, but when varying water holding capacity and bulk density were accounted for using WFPS. all soils behaved very similarly. Use of WFPS as an index of aeration status enabled identification that differences in denitrification losses in vetch-amended soils of varying texture resulted in part from varying capacity to supply NO3− and metabolize organic matter. These results illustrate the utility of WFPS, compared with soil water content, and its reliability as an indicator of reduced aeration dependent denitrification for soils of varying texture. AU - Aulakh, M. S. AU - Doran, J. W. AU - Walters, D. T. AU - Power, J. F. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(91)90029-J IS - 12 PY - 1991 SN - 0038-0717 SP - 1161-1167 ST - Legume residue and soil water effects on denitrification in soils of different textures T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry TI - Legume residue and soil water effects on denitrification in soils of different textures UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/003807179190029J VL - 23 ID - 3333 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC00396663 AU - Aulitzky, Herbert AU - Turner, Hans CY - Zürich KW - Obergurgl < Region> L=EF=BF=BDrchen-Arvenwald Forstlicher Standort Bioklimatologie Schutzwald Waldpflege N1 - Literaturverz. S. 565 - 577 UBBW Dpt.Integrative Biologie Botanik 831-5760/58,4 am Inst. = fragen UBBW FB Landschaftsplanung Bibliothek LAP-1578 Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WL-1708 Entlehnbar PB - Eidgenössische Anstalt für das Forstliche Versuchswesen PY - 1982 SP - S. 327 - 580 ST - Bioklimatische Grundlagen einer standortsgemäßen Bewirtschaftung des subalpinen Lärchen-Arvenwaldes T2 - Mitteilungen / Eidgenössische Anstalt für das Forstliche Versuchswesen ; 58.1982,4 TI - Bioklimatische Grundlagen einer standortsgemäßen Bewirtschaftung des subalpinen Lärchen-Arvenwaldes ID - 192 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austria, Statistics CY - Wien PB - Statistics Austria PY - 2003 ST - Systematik der Wirtschaftstätigkeiten, ÖNACE 2003, Band 1: Einführung, Grundstruktur TI - Systematik der Wirtschaftstätigkeiten, ÖNACE 2003, Band 1: Einführung, Grundstruktur ID - 193 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austria, Statistics CY - Wien PB - Statistik Austria PY - 2004 ST - Gebäude- und Wohnungszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark. TI - Gebäude- und Wohnungszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark ID - 194 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austria, Statistics CY - Wien PB - Statistics Austria PY - 2004 ST - Volkszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark TI - Volkszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark ID - 195 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Austria, Statistics PY - 2007 ST - Statistiken, Bevölkerung TI - Statistiken, Bevölkerung UR - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/bevoelkerung/index.html ID - 196 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Austria, Statistics PY - 2008 ST - Statistiken, Wohnungen, Gebäude TI - Statistiken, Wohnungen, Gebäude UR - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/wohnen_und_gebaeude/index.html ID - 197 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Austria, Statistik CY - Wien LB - stat2001 PB - Statistik Austria. Verlag Österreich. PY - 2001 ST - Statistik der Landwirtschaft. TI - Statistik der Landwirtschaft ID - 198 ER - TY - WEB AU - Forests, Austrian Forest Inventory. Federal Research and Training Centre for ST - Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW). TI - Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW). UR - http://bfw.ac.at/rz/wi.auswahl?cros=3 (abgerufen am 07.03.2013) ID - 199 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austrian Research Centers, Seibersdorf CY - Seibersdorf J2 - Neusiedler-See - Tourismus mit Zukunft PY - 2006 ST - Neusiedler-See - Tourismus mit Zukunft TI - Neusiedler-See - Tourismus mit Zukunft ID - 200 ER - TY - RPRT AU - AustroClim PY - 2008 ST - Identifikation von Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich. Im Auftrag des Lebensministeriums TI - Identifikation von Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich. Im Auftrag des Lebensministeriums UR - http://www.austroclim.at/fileadmin/user_upload/reports/Anpassung_erste_20Handlungsempfehlungen_IFF_BOKU_UBA.pdf Y2 - 24.5.2011 ID - 201 ER - TY - DBASE AU - AustroClim DA - 25.07.2011 PB - http://www.austroclim.at/fileadmin/user_upload/ppt_10.Klimatag/Tagungsband_Klimatag2008.pdf> PY - 2008 TI - Tagungsband des 10. österreichischen Klimatags, 13. - 14.03.2008 ID - 202 ER - TY - RPRT AU - AustroClim PY - 2010 ST - Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich. Aktivitätsfeld „Bauen und Wohnen“. Im Auftrag des Klima- und Energiefonds TI - Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich. Aktivitätsfeld „Bauen und Wohnen“. Im Auftrag des Klima- und Energiefonds UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=97 Y2 - 24.5.2011 ID - 203 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - DDR, Akademie der Landwirtschaftswissenschaften d. AU - AUTORENKOLLEKTIV CY - Leipzig 6 PY - 1977 ST - Empfehlungen zur effektiven Versorgung der Böden mit organischer Substanz. T2 - Agrarbuch TI - Empfehlungen zur effektiven Versorgung der Böden mit organischer Substanz. ID - 204 ER - TY - THES AU - AWADALLA, S. S. I. PY - 1988 ST - Untersuchungen über Biologie und Ökologie des Blattrandkäfers, Sitona lineatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) T2 - Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades an der Universität für Bodenkultur TI - Untersuchungen über Biologie und Ökologie des Blattrandkäfers, Sitona lineatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) ID - 205 ER - TY - GEN AU - Aynsley, R. M. AU - Melbourne, W. AU - Vickery, B. J. CY - London PY - 1977 ST - Architectural aerodynamics TI - Architectural aerodynamics ID - 206 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ayres, M. P. AU - Lombardero AU - M.J LB - ayre00 PY - 2000 SP - 263-286 ST - Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogenes T2 - he Science of the Total Environment TI - Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogenes ID - 207 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ayres, M.P. AU - Lombardero AU - M.J. LB - ayre00 PY - 2000 SP - 263-286 ST - Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogenes T2 - he Science of the Total Environment TI - Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogenes ID - 208 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Wien, Magistrat der Stadt A2 - Finanzmanagement, Bereichsleitung für Gesundheitsplanung und AU - Bachinger, E. AU - Frank, E. AU - Fülöp, G. AU - Hlava, A. AU - H., Ritter AU - Urbas, E. AU - Werba, A. AU - Winkler, T. CY - Wien PY - 2003 SP - 250 ST - Lebenserwartung und Mortalität in Wien TI - Lebenserwartung und Mortalität in Wien ID - 209 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bachmann, P. PY - 1967 SP - 118 ST - Baumartenwahl und Ertragsfähigkeit T2 - Schweiz. Zeitschrift f. d. Forstwesen TI - Baumartenwahl und Ertragsfähigkeit ID - 210 ER - TY - BOOK AU - K., BACKHAUS AU - B., ERICHSON AU - P., WULFF AU - R., WEIBER CY - Berlin, Heidelberg, New York PB - Springer-Verlag PY - 2000 ST - Multivariate Analysemethoden TI - Multivariate Analysemethoden VL - 9. Aufl. ID - 211 ER - TY - WEB AU - Badde, P. M1 - 2.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.welt.de/reise/article8541466/Rom-glueht-Wie-die-Ewige-Stadt-die-Hitze-ertraegt.html ID - 212 ER - TY - WEB AU - Bader, R. M1 - 3.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.wissenschaft-online.de/artikel/1031003&_z=859070 ID - 213 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BAFU, Bundesamt für Umwelt PB - Bundesamt für Umwelt, Bern PY - 2012 SP - 76 ST - Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung auf Wasserressourcen und Gewässer. Synthesebericht zum Projekt "Klimaänderungen und Hydrologie in der Schweiz" (CCHydro) T2 - Umwelt-Wissen Nr. 1217 TI - Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung auf Wasserressourcen und Gewässer. Synthesebericht zum Projekt "Klimaänderungen und Hydrologie in der Schweiz" (CCHydro) ID - 3566 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Baier, Hermann AU - Klenke, Reinhard KW - Deutschland Flächenverbrauch Landschaftszerschneidung Freifläche Naturschutz Anthropogener Einfluss PB - Springer PY - 2006 SN - 3-540-43940-4978-3-540-43940-0 SP - 692 ST - Freiraum und Naturschutz : die Wirkungen von Störungen und Zerschneidungen in der Landschaft TI - Freiraum und Naturschutz : die Wirkungen von Störungen und Zerschneidungen in der Landschaft UR - http://d-nb.info/992555248/04 UR - http://scans.hebis.de/HEBCGI/show.pl?21138328_vlg.html UR - http://scans.hebis.de/HEBCGI/show.pl?21138328_cov.jpg ID - 214 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We developed the model PHENIPS for spatial and temporal simulation of the seasonal development of Ips typographus at the Kalkalpen National Park in Austria. The model is based on a digital elevation model used for interpolation of temperature and solar radiation to calculate the microclimatic conditions (bark temperature) for the beetles' development. Additionally, the beetles' phenology at Kalkalpen National Park was monitored along with air and bark temperature measurements. The onset of host tree infestation in spring was estimated using a lower threshold of 16.5 °C for flight activity and a mean thermal sum of 140 degree-days (dd) from beginning of April 1st onward. Rate of brood development was calculated from accumulated degree-days of hourly temperature data using upper and lower temperature thresholds of 38.9 and 8.3 °C, respectively, and a nonlinear function for calculating effective thermal sums. Re-emergence of parental beetles occurred at a time when 49.7% of the thermal sum for total development (557 dd) was reached. The model includes the discontinuance of the beetle's reproductive activity at a day length <14.5 h. The rate of successful hibernation of established broods is predicted by assessing the developmental stage of initiated generations at the beginning of the cold period. For validation we compared the timing of phenological events in the field with predicted events using both, hourly recorded data at trap trees in the terrain and generated daily topoclimatic data. Using topoclimatic data, the onset of infestation was predicted with a mean absolute error of 1.3 days. The observed onset of emergence of filial beetles in the field was estimated with a mean error of 39 dd. Our PHENIPS explicitly considers the strong effects of regional topography and stand conditions on local air and bark temperature and can be used for precise monitoring of the actual state of bark beetle development at the specific stand/tree level. Using topoclimatic data, PHENIPS simulates the maximum number of generations which is necessary to assess the potential impact of bark beetle outbreaks at regional scale. Further applications of PHENIPS for site-specific hazard rating of bark beetle infestation are discussed. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Hasenauerstaße 38, A-1180 Vienna, Austria Baier, P. Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Hasenauerstaße 38, A-1180 Vienna, Austria email: baier@ento.boku.ac.at AU - Baier, P. AU - Pennerstorfer, J. AU - Schopf, A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.05.020 IS - 3 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Forest protection GIS Hazard rating Ips typographus Phenology Scolytinae Topoclimatic modelling Hazards Mathematical models Solar radiation Topoclimatic modeling Forestry beetle digital elevation model ecosystem modeling emergence hazard assessment hibernation microclimate phenology population outbreak prediction solar radiation temperature effect topographic effect Trees Coleoptera LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 32 CODEN: FECMD References: Anderbrant, O., A model for temperature and density dependent reemergence of the bark beetle Ips typographus (1986) Entomol. Exp. Appl., 40, pp. 81-88; Anderbrant, O., Reemergence and second brood in the bark beetle Ips typographus (1989) Hol. Ecol., 12, pp. 494-500; Anderbrant, O., Schlyter, F., Birgersson, G., Intraspecific competition affecting parents and offspring in the bark beetle Ips typographus (1985) Oikos, 45, pp. 89-98; Annila, E., Influence of temperature upon the development and voltinism of Ips typographus L. 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Meteorol., 106, pp. 87-103; Zumr, V., The data for the prognosis of the spring swarming of main species of bark beetles (Coleoptera. Scolytidae) on the spruce (Picea excelsea L.) (1982) J. Appl. Entomol., 93, pp. 305-320 PY - 2007 SN - 03781127 SP - 171-186 ST - PHENIPS-A comprehensive phenology model of Ips typographus (L.) (Col., Scolytinae) as a tool for hazard rating of bark beetle infestation T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - PHENIPS-A comprehensive phenology model of Ips typographus (L.) (Col., Scolytinae) as a tool for hazard rating of bark beetle infestation UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34548251070&partnerID=40&md5=dbb0e760b1eff74fc45df44636720fd9 VL - 249 ID - 215 ER - TY - RPRT AB - The provision of drinking water of high quality is a precious service of forests. Large-scale disturbances like forest fires, wind throws, pest outbreaks and subsequent clear cutting may lead to changes in hydrology (runoff as well as percolation). Furthermore, water quality can be negatively influenced by increased erosion, increased decomposition of litter and humus and leaching of nitrate. Large-scale epidemics of forest pests may induce forest decline at landscape scale with subsequent long-lasting negative effects on water quality. The European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (L.), is one of the most significant sources of mortality in mature spruce forest ecosystems in Eurasia. The objective of this study was to apply a complex predisposition assessment system for hazard rating and for the evaluation of climate change impacts for the water protection forests of the City of Vienna in Wildalpen. The following steps have been done to adapt/apply the bark beetle phenology model and the hazard rating system: -application, adaptation and validation of the bark beetle phenology model PHENIPS concerning start of dispersion, brood initiation, duration of development, beginning of sister broods, voltinism and hibernation - spatial/temporal modelling of the phenology and voltinism of I. typographus using past, present as well as projected climate data - application and validation of the stand- and site related long-term predisposition assessment system using forest stand/site data, annual damage reports and outputs of phenology modelling as data input - mapping of endangered areas and assessment of future susceptibility to infestations by I. typographus and other disturbing agents based on climate scenarios using GIS. The assessment of site- and stand-related predisposition revealed that the forest stands in Wildalpen are highly susceptible to bark beetle infestation. More than 65% of the stands were assigned to the predisposition classes high/very high. Only 10% of the stands showed a low stand-related predisposition to bark beetle infestations. This high susceptibility to bark beetle damage is related to the dominance of even-aged, spruce-dominated mature stands. The projected change in voltinism of I. typographus will further increase total predisposition of the stands to bark beetle infestations. Mapping the projected predisposition of present-day forest stands at the end of the century clearly indicated that stands with high/very high susceptibility to bark beetle infestation form large continuous areas, a pre-requisite for extended epidemics of I. typographus. AU - Baier, P. AU - Pennerstorfer, J. AU - Schopf, A. PY - 2011 SP - 32 ST - Evaluation of climate change induced effects on the predisposition of forests of the water protection zone “Wildalpen” to disturbances by bark beetles T2 - A contribution to the final report of CC-WaterS work package 5: „Land Uses and Water Resources Safety“. TI - Evaluation of climate change induced effects on the predisposition of forests of the water protection zone “Wildalpen” to disturbances by bark beetles ID - 216 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baier, P. AU - Schopf AU - A AU - Netherer AU - S AU - Pennersdorfer AU - J LB - baie02 PY - 2002 SP - 2 ST - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen T2 - 2. Zwischenbericht. IFFF, Univ. f. Bodenkultur Wien. TI - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen ID - 217 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baier, P. AU - Schopf AU - A. AU - Netherer AU - S. AU - Pennersdorfer AU - J. LB - baie02 PY - 2002 SP - 2 ST - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen T2 - 2. Zwischenbericht. IFFF, Univ. f. Bodenkultur Wien. TI - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen ID - 218 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baker, R. H. A. AU - Cannon AU - R.J.C AU - Walters AU - K.F.A LB - bake96 PY - 1996 SP - 323-330 ST - An assessment of the risks posed by selected non-indigenous pests to UK crops under climate change T2 - Aspects of Applied Biology TI - An assessment of the risks posed by selected non-indigenous pests to UK crops under climate change VL - 45 ID - 219 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baker, R.H.A. AU - Cannon AU - R.J.C. AU - Walters AU - K.F.A. LB - bake96 PY - 1996 SP - 323-330 ST - An assessment of the risks posed by selected non-indigenous pests to UK crops under climate change T2 - Aspects of Applied Biology TI - An assessment of the risks posed by selected non-indigenous pests to UK crops under climate change VL - 45 ID - 220 ER - TY - GEN AU - Balas, Maria. AU - Stickler, Therese. AU - Lexer, Wolfgang. AU - Felderer, Astrid. CY - Wien PB - Im Auftrag des Klima- und Energiefonds PY - 2011 ST - Ausarbeitung sozialer Aspekte des Klimawandels und von Handlungsempfehlungen für die Raumordnung als Beitrag zum Policy Paper – Auf dem Weg zu einer nationalen Anpassungsstrategie. TI - Ausarbeitung sozialer Aspekte des Klimawandels und von Handlungsempfehlungen für die Raumordnung als Beitrag zum Policy Paper – Auf dem Weg zu einer nationalen Anpassungsstrategie ID - 3615 ER - TY - JOUR AU - J.S., Bale PY - 1987 SP - 899-908 ST - Insect Cold Hardiness: Freezing and supercooling - an ecophysiological perspective. J. Insect Physiology 33(12), 899-908. T2 - J. Insect Physiology TI - Insect Cold Hardiness: Freezing and supercooling - an ecophysiological perspective VL - 33(12) ID - 221 ER - TY - JOUR AU - J.S., Bale PY - 1989 SP - 157-192 ST - Cold Hardiness and Overwintering of Insects. Agricultural Zoology Reviews 3, 157-192. T2 - Agricultural Zoology Reviews TI - Cold Hardiness and Overwintering of Insects VL - 3 ID - 222 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bale, J. S. AU - Harrington AU - R.L AU - Clough AU - M.S LB - bale88 PY - 1988 SP - 121-129 ST - Low temperature mortality of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae T2 - Ecological Entomology TI - Low temperature mortality of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae VL - 13 ID - 223 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bale, J. S. AU - Masters AU - G.J AU - Hodkinson AU - I.D AU - Awmark AU - C AU - Bezemer AU - M.T AU - Brown AU - V.K AU - Butterfield AU - J AU - Buse AU - A AU - Coulson AU - J.C AU - Farrar AU - J AU - Good AU - J.E.G AU - Harrington AU - R AU - Hartley AU - S AU - Jones AU - T.H AU - Lindroth AU - R.L AU - Press AU - M.C AU - Symrnioudis AU - I AU - Watt AU - A.D AU - Whittaker AU - J.B LB - bale02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-16 ST - Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivours T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivours VL - 8 ID - 224 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bale, J.S. AU - Harrington AU - R.L. AU - Clough AU - M.S. LB - bale88 PY - 1988 SP - 121-129 ST - Low temperature mortality of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae T2 - Ecological Entomology TI - Low temperature mortality of the peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae VL - 13 ID - 225 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bale, J.S. AU - Masters AU - G.J. AU - Hodkinson AU - I.D. AU - Awmark AU - C. AU - Bezemer AU - M.T. AU - Brown AU - V.K. AU - Butterfield AU - J. AU - Buse AU - A. AU - Coulson AU - J.C. AU - Farrar AU - Good AU - J.E.G. AU - Harrington AU - R. AU - Hartley AU - S. AU - Jones AU - T.H. AU - Lindroth AU - R.L. AU - Press AU - M.C. AU - Symrnioudis AU - I. AU - Watt AU - A.D. AU - Whittaker AU - J.B. LB - bale02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-16 ST - Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivours T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Herbivory in global climate change research: direct effects of rising temperature on insect herbivours VL - 8 ID - 226 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Balogh, L. AU - Dancza, I. AU - G., Kiraly PY - 2006 ST - Preliminary report on the grid-based map-ping of invasive plants in Hungary. T2 - Neobiota TI - Preliminary report on the grid-based mapping of invasive plants in Hungary VL - 7 ID - 227 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Banks, B. T. J. C. Beebee LB - bank86 PY - 1986 SP - 350 ST - Climatic Effects on Calling and Spawning of the Natterhjack Toad Bufo calamita: Discriminant Ananlyse and Application for Conservation Monitoring T2 - Biological Conservation TI - Climatic Effects on Calling and Spawning of the Natterhjack Toad Bufo calamita: Discriminant Ananlyse and Application for Conservation Monitoring VL - 36 ID - 228 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study presents the results of a series of evaluations of a continent-wide soil database (EU/UN-ECE Level I) with the aim to estimate baseline soil carbon concentrations and stocks. The methodology included the biogeographic stratification of soil carbon measurements throughout Europe using climatic zones derived from the Soil Regions Map of Europe. The presented stock estimates range from 1.3 to 70.8 t C/ha for the O-layer, and from 11.3 to 126.3 t C/ha for the mineral soil 0–20 cm (Germany: 0–30 cm) (5 and 95 percentiles). Histosols were excluded because of methodological differences and data gaps. When looking at the median values of the strata investigated, relationships were found. For example, carbon stocks in the O-layer of sandy soils are distinctly higher than those of fine-textured soils. However, the variability is so high that some of these relationships disappear. For example in western and central Europe, the level of carbon stocks in the mineral soil between shallow soils (Leptosols) and more deeply developed soils (Podzols and Cambisols) do not differ very much. It was also found that just the investigation of topsoils is not sufficient to understand the regional pattern of organic matter in forest soils – unless the subsoil becomes included as well. It is hypothesized that for Europe, the impact of site factors such as climate, texture and relief are difficult to extract from such a database if the data are only stratified according to macro-climatic areas. It has to be considered that the effect of systematic error in the database is quite large (but cannot be identified on the level of the current data availability). In order to receive a first impression of the landscape-level distribution of carbon, a map of carbon concentrations in the topsoil was generated. The results support the relationships found between carbon stocks and site factors, such as climatic zones and soil type. Compared to the much lower carbon concentrations of agricultural soils, the results demonstrate clearly the importance of forest soils for the terrestrial carbon cycling in Europe. AU - Baritz, Rainer AU - Seufert, Guenther AU - Montanarella, Luca AU - Van Ranst, Eric DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.03.025 IS - 3 KW - Soil carbon concentration Soil carbon stocks Forest soils Upscaling Representativity Variability Baseline PY - 2010 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 262-277 ST - Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112710001787 VL - 260 ID - 3406 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Barry, R. G. LB - barry1992 PB - Routledge Physical Environment Series, University of Cambridge PY - 1992 ST - Mountain Weather & Climate TI - Mountain Weather & Climate ID - 229 ER - TY - BOOK AU - BARSCH, D. CY - Berlin, Heidelberg PY - 1996 SE - 331 ST - Rockglaciers. - Indicators for the Present and Former Geoecology in High Mountain Environments TI - Rockglaciers. - Indicators for the Present and Former Geoecology in High Mountain Environments ID - 230 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bartelme, N. ET - 3. Auflage PB - Springer Verlag PY - 2000 ST - Geoinformatik. Modelle, Strukturen, Funktionen TI - Geoinformatik. Modelle, Strukturen, Funktionen ID - 231 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Groffmann, K. J. A2 - Michel, L. AU - Bartenwerfer, H. CY - Göttingen LB - bartenwerfer1983 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Hogrefe PY - 1983 ST - Allgemeine Leistungsdiagnostik T2 - Intelligenz und Leistungsdiagnostik Enzyklopädie der Psychologie, B, Serie II Band 2 TI - Allgemeine Leistungsdiagnostik ID - 232 ER - TY - CONF AU - Barton, Mark AU - Oke, T. R. PY - 2000 ST - Tests of the performance of an algorithmic scheme of the hourly urban heat island T2 - Third Symposium on the Urban Environment TI - Tests of the performance of an algorithmic scheme of the hourly urban heat island ID - 233 ER - TY - JOUR AU - I.J., Bassett AU - C.W., Crompton PY - 1975 SP - 463-476 ST - The biology of Canadian weeds. 11. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and A. psilostachya DC. T2 - Canadian Journal of Plant Science TI - The biology of Canadian weeds. 11. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and A. psilostachya DC VL - 55 ID - 234 ER - TY - UNPB AU - Bassler, G. AU - Karrer, G. AU - Lichtenecker, A. CY - Wien PY - 1998 ST - Grünlandtypen im Transekt von Oppenberg bis Tauplitz T2 - Unveröff. Endbericht zum MAB-Pilotprojekt: Das Grünland im Berggebiet Österreichs TI - Grünlandtypen im Transekt von Oppenberg bis Tauplitz ID - 235 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - BA f. alpenländische Landwirtschaft Gumpenstein, BM für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Österr. Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.) AU - Bassler, G. AU - Lichtenecker, A. AU - Karrer, G. CY - Irdning PB - Eigenverlag der BA für alpenländische Landwirtschaft Gumpenstein PY - 2000 SP - 51-98 ST - Gliederung der extensiven Grünlandtypen im Transekt von Oppenberg bis Tauplitz T2 - Das Grünland im Berggebiet Österreichs - Nutzung und Bewirtschaftung im Spannungsfeld von Vegetationsökologie und Sozioökonomik TI - Gliederung der extensiven Grünlandtypen im Transekt von Oppenberg bis Tauplitz ID - 236 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Within the scope of the Man and Biosphere project “Grasslands of the mountain regions of Austria” a classification of grassland-communties of the central part of the Waldviertel (Lower Austria) was carried out. In this article we provide the classification of the extensively managed grassland in the central part of the Waldviertel. The intensively managed grasslands (Arrhenatheralia) are described in LICHTENECKER et al. (2003). The Waldviertel is located in the Lower Austrian part of the Bohemian Massif and reaches altitudes from 400 to 1000 m. Most soils are acid and the climate is rather hard (mean sum of precipitation/year: 570 to 730 mm, mean air temperature: 5,8 to 7,0°C). The relevés were taken in the field according to the Zürich-Montpellier school (BRAUN-BLANQUET 1964). First the data were analysed by divisive (TWINSPAN) and agglomerative cluster techniques (Ward’s method in PC-ORD). The final classification was obtained by manual sorting of species and relevés. The results were plotted in an ordination to show the relationship among the groups and to discover missclassified relevés. The following vegetation units were found: The Calthion vegetation types are typical for eutrophic, wet and base-poor soils that are widespread in the Waldviertel. Usually such meadows are mown twice a year. At the association level should be mentioned the Sanguisorbo-Polygonetum bistortae, the Scirpetum sylvatici, the Angelico-Cirsietum palustris and the newly described Carici vesicariae- Ranunculetum flammulae, which is concentrated on flat areas near rivers. The Angelico-Cirsietum palustris prefers nutrient poor soils and is related to the Violion caninae and Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae. Among the Scheuchzerio- Caricetae fuscae the Caricetum goodenowi and the Menyantho trifoliatae- Sphagnetum teretis are restricted to base-poor soils, the Valeriano dioicae- Caricetum davallianae prefers base-rich soils, that are developed only in the southern part of the study region. Habitats on very poor soils with units of the alliance Violion caninae became extremly rare in the Waldviertel like those of the Scheuchzerio-Caricetea fuscae. The Carici paniceae-Nardetum strictae can be found in the southern Waldviertel on wet and base-rich soils. The Eriophoro angustifolii-Nardetum always is intermixed with Caricetalia fuscae vegetation. The newly described Avenulo pratensis-Koelerietum pyramidatae (in the order Koelerio-Phleetalia phleoidis) is restricted to south facing slopes on relatively base-rich soils, only documented in the southern part of the study region. AU - Bassler, G. AU - Lichtenecker, L. AU - Karrer, G. KW - extensive grassland, grassland management, classification, Waldviertel/ Austria, syntaxonomy, vegetation PY - 2003 SP - 7-48 ST - Klassifikation des Extensivgrünlandes (Feuchtwiesen, Moore, Bürstlingrasen und Halbtrockenrasen) im Zentralraum des Waldviertels T2 - Wiss. Mitt. Niederösterr. Landesmuseum TI - Klassifikation des Extensivgrünlandes (Feuchtwiesen, Moore, Bürstlingrasen und Halbtrockenrasen) im Zentralraum des Waldviertels UR - http://www.landesmuseum.at/pdf_frei_remote/WM_15_0007-0048.pdf VL - 15 ID - 237 ER - TY - CONF AU - Bastide, Alain AU - Lucas, Franck AU - Boyer, Harry CY - Montreal, Canada PY - 2005 ST - Impact of the atmospheric boundary layer profile on the ventilation of a cubic building with two large opposite openings T2 - Ninth International IBPSA Conference TI - Impact of the atmospheric boundary layer profile on the ventilation of a cubic building with two large opposite openings ID - 238 ER - TY - THES AU - Basu, R. PB - John Hopkins University PY - 2001 ST - Characterizing the relationship between temperature and cardio-respiratory mortality among the elderly U.S. population. (PhD dissertation). Baltimore, MD: Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, 2001. T2 - Baltimore, MD: Bloomberg School of Public Health TI - Characterizing the relationship between temperature and cardio-respiratory mortality among the elderly U.S. population VL - PhD ID - 239 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Basu, Rupa AU - Samet, Jonathan M. DA - December 1, 2002 DO - 10.1093/epirev/mxf007 IS - 2 PY - 2002 SP - 190-202 ST - Relation between Elevated Ambient Temperature and Mortality: A Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence T2 - Epidemiologic Reviews TI - Relation between Elevated Ambient Temperature and Mortality: A Review of the Epidemiologic Evidence UR - http://epirev.oxfordjournals.org/content/24/2/190.short VL - 24 ID - 240 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BAUDRY, J. AU - BUNCER, R. G. H. AU - BUREL, F. IS - 60 PY - 2000 SP - 7-22 ST - Hedgerows: An international perspective on their origin, function and management T2 - Journal of Environmental Management TI - Hedgerows: An international perspective on their origin, function and management ID - 241 ER - TY - THES AU - Andreas, Bauer CY - Wien PY - 2003 SP - 111 ST - The possible contribution of the Austrian Forest sector to climate change policies and implications of the Kyoto-Protocol T2 - Wood K Plus TI - The possible contribution of the Austrian Forest sector to climate change policies and implications of the Kyoto-Protocol ID - 3470 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bauer, H. AU - Marr, I. AU - Kasper-Giebl, A. AU - Limbeck, A. AU - Caseiro, A. AU - Handler, M. AU - Jankowski, N. AU - Klatzer, B. AU - Kotianova, P. AU - Pouresmaeil, P. AU - Schmidl, Ch. AU - Sageder, M. AU - Puxbaum, H. AU - TEAM, AQUELLA - CY - Wien PB - Technische Universität Wien Institut für Chemische Technologien und Analytik PY - 2006 SP - 174 ST - Endbericht für das Projekt "AQUELLA“ Wien Bestimmung von Immissionsbeiträgen in Feinstaubproben MA 22 – 3869/03 TI - Endbericht für das Projekt "AQUELLA“ Wien Bestimmung von Immissionsbeiträgen in Feinstaubproben MA 22 – 3869/03 UR - http://publik.tuwien.ac.at/files/PubDat_173988.pdf ID - 242 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirt-schaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft A2 - Gesellschaft, Österreichische Bodenkundliche A3 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirt-schaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft AU - Baumgarten, A. et al. PY - 2013 ST - Bodenfunktionsbewertung: Grundlagen und Erläuterun- gen zur ÖNORM L 1076 TI - Bodenfunktionsbewertung: Grundlagen und Erläuterun- gen zur ÖNORM L 1076 ID - 3386 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Freizeitforschung, Institut für Integrativen Tourismus & AU - Ch., Baumgartner PB - Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2001 ST - Operationalisierbares Meßsystem für Nachhaltigkeit im Tourismus T2 - Kurzfassung TI - Operationalisierbares Meßsystem für Nachhaltigkeit im Tourismus ID - 243 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - BMWA AU - Baumgartner, C PY - 2001 SP - 15 ST - Operationalisierbares Messsystem für Nachhaltigkeit im Tourismus T2 - Kurzfassung TI - Operationalisierbares Messsystem für Nachhaltigkeit im Tourismus UR - http://www.wissen.dsft-berlin.de/Operationalisierbares_Messsystem_fuer_Nachhaltigke/Info-34-992-4-4.0.html ID - 244 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Baust, J. G. AU - Rojas, R. R. PY - 1985 SP - 755-759 ST - Review - Insect cold hardiness: Facts and Fancy T2 - J. Insect Physiology TI - Review - Insect cold hardiness: Facts and Fancy VL - Vol 31(10) ID - 245 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bavay, Mathias AU - Lehning, Michael AU - Jonas, Tobias AU - Löwe, Henning DO - 10.1002/hyp.7195 IS - 1 PY - 2009 SN - 1099-1085 SP - 95-108 ST - Simulations of future snow cover and discharge in Alpine headwater catchments T2 - Hydrological Processes TI - Simulations of future snow cover and discharge in Alpine headwater catchments UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7195 VL - 23 ID - 3567 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Agricultural ecosystems have been viewed with the potential to sequester atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) by increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) through reduced tillage and cover cropping practices. There remains considerable uncertainty, however, regarding the carbon (C) sink/source potential of these systems and few studies have examined C dynamics in conjunction with other important greenhouse gases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of an alternative management scenario (reduced tillage and cover cropping) on ecosystem respiration (RE) and nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) fluxes in a maize (Zea mays L.)/soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation ecosystem in east-central Minnesota, United States. The control treatment was managed using fall tillage with a chisel plow in combination with a tandem disk, and the experimental treatment was managed using strip tillage and a winter rye (Secal cereale) cover crop. Over the two-year study period (2004–2005), cumulative RE was 222.7 g C m−2 higher in the alternatively managed treatment as a result of increased decomposition of the cover crop residue. N2O fluxes were similar in both treatments during the 2004 growing season and were 100.1 mg N m−2 higher in the conventional treatment during the 2005 growing season after nitrogen (N) fertilization. N fertilization and fertilizer type were the dominant factors controlling N2O fluxes in both treatments. CH4 fluxes were negligible in both treatments and often below the detection limit. Cumulative growing season N2O losses in the control and experimental treatments, which totalled 38.9 ± 3.1 and 26.1 ± 1.7 g C m−2 when converted to CO2 equivalents, were comparable to the annual estimates of net ecosystem CO2 exchange in both treatments. This study further supports that N2O losses are an important component of the total greenhouse gas budget of agroecosystems. It also suggests that spring cover cropping, without residue removal, has limited C sequestration potential. The results from this study, however, may not necessarily represent equilibrium conditions in the experimental treatment. Rather, they are a measure of the transient response of the system after tillage conversion and cover crop addition. It is expected that the soil microbes will continue to adjust to the reduction in tillage and increased C inputs. Therefore, continued, long-term monitoring is needed to confirm whether the results are representative of equilibrium conditions. AU - Bavin, T. K. AU - Griffis, T. J. AU - Baker, J. M. AU - Venterea, R. T. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.07.005 IS - 3–4 KW - Reduced tillage Cover cropping Ecosystem respiration Soil respiration Nitrous oxide fluxes Methane fluxes PY - 2009 SN - 0167-8809 SP - 234-242 ST - Impact of reduced tillage and cover cropping on the greenhouse gas budget of a maize/soybean rotation ecosystem T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment TI - Impact of reduced tillage and cover cropping on the greenhouse gas budget of a maize/soybean rotation ecosystem UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880909002230 VL - 134 ID - 3334 ER - TY - WEB AU - BAYERISCHES AMT FÜR FORSTLICHE SAAT- UND PFLANZENZUCHT M1 - 23.11.2008 PY - 2008 ST - Merkblatt: Energiewald - Anbau schnellwachsender Baumarten im Kurzumtrieb TI - Merkblatt: Energiewald - Anbau schnellwachsender Baumarten im Kurzumtrieb UR - http://www.forst.bayern.de/asp/energiewald/28226/linkurl_2.pdf ID - 246 ER - TY - CONF AU - BayForklim LB - bayf99 PY - 1999 ST - Klimaänderungen in Bayern und ihre Auswirkungen T2 - Abschlußbericht des Bayeris TI - Klimaänderungen in Bayern und ihre Auswirkungen ID - 247 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bayforklim LB - bayf00 PY - 2000 ST - Schlußbericht TI - Schlußbericht ID - 248 ER - TY - CONF AU - BayForklim LB - bayf99 PY - 1999 ST - Klimaänderungen in Bayern und ihre Auswirkungen T2 - Abschlußbericht des Bayeris TI - Klimaänderungen in Bayern und ihre Auswirkungen ID - 249 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bayforklim LB - bayf00 PY - 2000 ST - Schlußbericht TI - Schlußbericht ID - 250 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bayliss, A.C. AU - Jones, R.C. PB - Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK PY - 1993 ST - Peaks-over-threshold flood database. Summary statistics and seasonality TI - Peaks-over-threshold flood database. Summary statistics and seasonality ID - 3568 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BBA PY - 2006 SP - 13 ST - EU-Maßnahmen gegen den Diabrotica T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - EU-Maßnahmen gegen den Diabrotica VL - 9-10 ID - 251 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bea, A. AU - Rodriguez-Teijeiro, J. D. AU - Jover, L. L. LB - bea86 PY - 1986 SP - 31 ST - Relations between Meteorological Variables and the Initiation of the Spawningperiode in Populations of Rana temporaria L in the Atlantic Region of the Basque Country (Northern Spain) Amphibia - Reptilia T2 - Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden TI - Relations between Meteorological Variables and the Initiation of the Spawningperiode in Populations of Rana temporaria L in the Atlantic Region of the Basque Country (Northern Spain) Amphibia - Reptilia VL - 7 ID - 252 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beaubien, E. G. AU - Freeland, H. J. LB - beau00 PY - 2000 SP - 53-59 ST - Spring phenology trends in Alberta, Canada: links to ocean temperature T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - Spring phenology trends in Alberta, Canada: links to ocean temperature VL - 44 ID - 253 ER - TY - BOOK AU - BECHERER, K. AU - EIBNER, C. AU - FISCHER, M. AU - HILGERS, M. AU - KLETTER, L. AU - PLESKOT, G. AU - SCHÖNMANN, R. AU - TURNOVSKY, K. AU - VORNATSCHER, J. PB - Forum Verlag PY - 1976 SP - 568 ST - Naturgeschichte Österreichs TI - Naturgeschichte Österreichs ID - 254 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BECHT, M. AU - DAMM, B. PY - 2004 SP - 180 ST - Geomorphologische und hydrologische Naturgefahren in Mitteleuropa T2 - Z. Geomorph. N.F. TI - Geomorphologische und hydrologische Naturgefahren in Mitteleuropa VL - Suppl.- Bd. 135 ID - 255 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beck, A. AU - Ahrens, B. LB - beck03cb N1 - submitted PY - 2003 ST - Multiresolution Evaluation of Precipitation Forecasts over the European Alps T2 - MZ TI - Multiresolution Evaluation of Precipitation Forecasts over the European Alps ID - 256 ER - TY - CONF AU - Beck, Christoph AU - Grieser, Jürgen LB - beck2003 N1 - Terra Nostra 2003/6, PS PY - 2003 SP - 35-39 ST - Extremniederschläge in Deutschland seit 1900 T2 - 6. Deutsche Klimatagung, Potsdam TI - Extremniederschläge in Deutschland seit 1900 ID - 257 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Beck, U. CY - Frankfurt am Main PB - Suhrkamp Verlag PY - 2008 ST - Weltrisikogesellschaft TI - Weltrisikogesellschaft ID - 258 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - BECKER, G. AU - MOHREN, R. PY - 1990 ST - Der Biotopflächenfaktor als ökologischer Kennwert – Grundlagen zur Ermittlung und Zeilgrößenbestimmung (Auszug) TI - Der Biotopflächenfaktor als ökologischer Kennwert – Grundlagen zur Ermittlung und Zeilgrößenbestimmung (Auszug) UR - http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/umwelt/landschaftsplanung/bff/ (abgefragt: 14.02.2013) ID - 259 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Sandfly fever virus is known to cause pappataci fever. The sandfly fever virus belongs to the Genus Phlebovirus (family: Bunyaviridae) and is endemically found in areas of South Europe, Asia and Africa. In Germany, pappataci fever is only described in connection with travelling to endemic areas. We report on a 15 year-old girl suffering from sandfly fever virus infection after vacation in Turkey. The initial symptoms started with fever for about three days, frontal headache, nausea and arthralgia. After a short time of clinical improvement symptoms recurred and our patient entered hospital with signs of severe meningitis. Liquor analysis showed a lymphocytic meningitis. Due to multiple insect bites on her legs sandfly fever was suspected. Blood analysis confirmed an acute infection with sandfly virus Sicilian from which she completely recovered. ELISA and immunoblot analysis revealed an infection with sandfly virus serotype Sicilian, which was not encountered with meningitis so far. Our case report illustrates that due to increased tourism sandfly fever virus infection has to be considered as a cause of aseptic meningitis in travellers. AU - Becker, M. AU - Zielen, S. AU - Schwarz, T.F. AU - Linde, R. AU - Hofmann, D. PY - 1997 SP - 377-379 ST - Pappataci fever T2 - Klinische Pediatrie TI - Pappataci fever UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9445923 VL - 209 ID - 260 ER - TY - GEN AU - BEDLAN, G. AU - KAHRER, A. AU - SCHÖNBECK, H. CY - Wien PB - Bundesanstalt für Pflanzenschutz PY - 1992 ST - Wichtige Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Gemüsebau T2 - Beratungsschrift der Bundesanstalt für Pflanzenschutz TI - Wichtige Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Gemüsebau ID - 261 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T. J. LB - beeb95 PY - 1995 SP - 219-220 ST - Amphibian breeding and climate T2 - Nature TI - Amphibian breeding and climate VL - 37 ID - 262 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T. J. C. LB - beeb85 PY - 1985 SP - 1-8 ST - Geographical variations in breeding activity patterns of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita in Britain T2 - J Zool. TI - Geographical variations in breeding activity patterns of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita in Britain VL - 20 ID - 263 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T. J. C. LB - beeb96 PY - 1996 SP - 21 ST - Ecology and conservation of amphibians T2 - Conservation Biology Series TI - Ecology and conservation of amphibians VL - 7 ID - 264 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T. J. C. AU - Griffiths, R. LB - beeb00 PY - 2000 SP - 270 ST - Amphibian and Reptiles T2 - HarperCollinsPublishers, London TI - Amphibian and Reptiles ID - 265 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T.J. LB - beeb95 PY - 1995 SP - 219-220 ST - Amphibian breeding and climate T2 - Nature TI - Amphibian breeding and climate VL - 37 ID - 266 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T.J.C LB - beeb85 PY - 1985 SP - 1-8 ST - Geographical variations in breeding activity patterns of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita in Britain T2 - J Zool. TI - Geographical variations in breeding activity patterns of the natterjack toad Bufo calamita in Britain VL - 20 ID - 267 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T.J.C LB - beeb96 PY - 1996 SP - 21 ST - Ecology and conservation of amphibians T2 - Conservation Biology Series TI - Ecology and conservation of amphibians VL - 7 ID - 268 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Beebee, T.J.C. AU - Griffiths, R. LB - beeb00 PY - 2000 SP - 270 ST - Amphibian and Reptiles T2 - HarperCollinsPublishers, London TI - Amphibian and Reptiles ID - 269 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - (Hrsg.), Umweltdachverband AU - Behm, M. et al. CY - Wien PY - 2006 ST - Auswirkungen der Klima- und Gletscheränderungen auf den Alpintourismus TI - Auswirkungen der Klima- und Gletscheränderungen auf den Alpintourismus ID - 270 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The Cavitron technique facilitates time and material saving for vulnerability analysis. The use of rotors with small diameters leads to high water pressure gradients (ΔP) across samples, which may cause pit aspiration in conifers. In this study, the effect of pit aspiration on Cavitron measurements was analysed and a modified 'conifer method' was tested which avoids critical (i.e. pit aspiration inducing) ΔP. Four conifer species were used (Juniperus communis, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris, and Larix decidua) for vulnerability analysis based on the standard Cavitron technique and the conifer method. In addition, ΔP thresholds for pit aspiration were determined and water extraction curves were constructed. Vulnerability curves obtained with the standard method showed generally a less negative P for the induction of embolism than curves of the conifer method. Differences were species-specific with the smallest effects in Juniperus. Larix showed the most pronounced shifts in P50 (pressure at 50% loss of conductivity) between the standard (-1.5 MPa) and the conifer (-3.5 MPa) methods. Pit aspiration occurred at the lowest ΔP in Larix and at the highest in Juniperus. Accordingly, at a spinning velocity inducing P50, ΔP caused only a 4% loss of conductivity induced by pit aspiration in Juniperus, but about 60% in Larix. Water extraction curves were similar to vulnerability curves indicating that spinning itself did not affect pits. Conifer pit aspiration can have major influences on Cavitron measurements and lead to an overestimation of vulnerability thresholds when a small rotor is used. Thus, the conifer method presented here enables correct vulnerability analysis by avoiding artificial conductivity losses. © 2010 The Author(s). AD - Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrabe 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria INRA, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France Beikircher, B. Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrabe 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: barbara.beikircher@uibk.ac.at AU - Beikircher, B. AU - Ameglio, T. AU - Cochard, H. AU - Mayr, S. 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KW - Embolism Hydraulic conductance Pressure difference Vulnerability Water extraction Xylem pressure water article centrifugation conifer methodology physiology pressure Centrifugation Coniferophyta Pressure Water Juniperus Juniperus communis Larix Larix decidua Picea abies Pinus sylvestris LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 3 CODEN: JEBOA PubMed ID: 20551085 Chemicals/CAS: water, 7732-18-5; Water, 7732-18-5 PY - 2010 SN - 00220957 SP - 3385-3393 ST - Limitation of the Cavitron technique by conifer pit aspiration T2 - Journal of Experimental Botany TI - Limitation of the Cavitron technique by conifer pit aspiration UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77954768181&partnerID=40&md5=737b0be5ebb268d263e5903777bb07ec VL - 61 ID - 271 ER - TY - JOUR AB - An adequate general drought tolerance and the ability to acclimate to changing hydraulic conditions are important features for long-lived woody plants. In this study, we compared hydraulic safety (water potential at 50% loss of conductivity, Ψ50), hydraulic efficiency (specific conductivity, ks), xylem anatomy (mean tracheid diameter, dmean, mean hydraulic diameter, dh, conduit wall thickness, t, conduit wall reinforcement, (t/b)h2) and stomatal conductance, gs, of forest plants as well as irrigated and drought-treated garden plants of Ligustrum vulgare L. and Viburnum lantana L. Forest plants of L. vulgare and V. lantana were significantly less resistant to drought-induced cavitation (Ψ50 at -2.82 ± 0.13 MPa and -2.79 ± 0.17 MPa) than drought-treated garden plants (- 4.58 ± 0.26 MPa and -3.57 ± 0.15 MPa). When previously irrigated garden plants were subjected to drought, a significant decrease in dmean and dh and an increase in t and (t/b)h2 were observed in L. vulgare. In contrast, in V. lantana conduit diameters increased significantly but no change in t and (t/b)h 2 was found. Stomatal closure occurred at similar water potentials (Ψsc) in forest plants and drought-treated garden plants, leading to higher safety margins (Ψsc - Ψ50) of the latter (L. vulgare 1.63 MPa and V. lantana 0.43 MPa). These plants also showed higher gs at moderate Ψ, more abrupt stomatal closure and lower cuticular conductivity. Data indicate that the development of drought-tolerant xylem as well as stomatal regulation play an important role in drought acclimation, whereby structural and physiological responses to drought are species-specific and depend on the plant's hydraulic strategy. AD - Institut Fr Botanik, Universitt Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria Beikircher, B. Institut Fr Botanik, Universitt Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: barbara.beikircher@uibk.ac.at AU - Beikircher, B. AU - Mayr, S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1093/treephys/tpp018 IS - 6 J2 - Tree Physiol. KW - Embolism Hydraulic efficiency Hydraulic safety Phenotypic plasticity Stomatal conductance Vulnerability Xylem anatomy acclimation anatomy dicotyledon drought resistance hydraulic property hydrological response intraspecific variation irrigation system phenotypic plasticity population distribution population dynamics seasonal variation shrub stomatal conductance vulnerability water use efficiency xylem Lantana Ligustrum Ligustrum vulgare Viburnum Viburnum lantana water acclimatization article drought histology metabolism physiology plant stoma species difference Acclimatization Droughts Plant Stomata Species Specificity Water Xylem LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 21 CODEN: TRPHE PubMed ID: 19364707 Chemicals/CAS: water, 7732-18-5; Water, 7732-18-5 References: Alcamo, J., Moreno, J.M., Nováky, B., Bindi, M., Corobov, R., Devoy, R.J.N., Giannakopoulos, C., Shvidenko, A., Europe (2007) Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. 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AU - Lanteri, S. AU - Leonardi, S. IS - 3 PY - 1997 SP - 113 - 121 ST - Genetic variability among European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) populations in Piedmont, north-western Italy TI - Genetic variability among European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) populations in Piedmont, north-western Italy VL - 4 ID - 277 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bellone, E. AU - Hughes, J. P. AU - Guttorp, P. LB - bell2000a PY - 2000 SP - 1--12 ST - A hidden Markov model for downscaling synoptic atmospheric patterns to precipitation amounts T2 - Clim. Res. TI - A hidden Markov model for downscaling synoptic atmospheric patterns to precipitation amounts VL - 15 ID - 278 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Benestad, E. Rasmus LB - benestad2003 M3 - Report: Klima N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Norwegian Meteorological Institute PY - 2003 RP - StClB-Lit SN - 02/03 ST - Past and future trends in the occurrence of wet and dry periods TI - Past and future trends in the occurrence of wet and dry periods ID - 279 ER - TY - JOUR AB -

This paper provides an overview of climatic changes that have been observed during the past century at certain high-elevation sites, and changes in a more distant past documented by a variety of climate-sensitive environmental indicators, such as tree-rings and alpine glaciers, that serve as a measure of the natural variability of climate in mountains over longer time scales. Detailed studies such as those found in this special issue of Climatic Change , as well as those noted in this review, for the mountain regions of the world, advance our understanding in a variety of ways. They are not only helpful to characterize present and past climatological features in the mountainous zones, but they also provide useful information to the climate modeling community. Because of the expected refinements in the physical parameterizations of climate models in coming years, and the probable increase in the spatial resolution of GCMs, the use of appropriate data from high elevation sites will become of increasing importance for model initialization, verification, and intercomparison purposes. The necessity of accurate projections of climate change is paramount to assessing the likely impacts of climate change on mountain biodiversity, hydrology and cryosphere, and on the numerous economic activities which take place in these regions.

AU - Beniston, M. AU - Diaz, H. F. AU - Bradley, R. S. IS - 3/4 PY - 1997 SP - 233-251 ST - CLIMATIC CHANGE AT HIGH ELEVATION SITES: AN OVERVIEW T2 - Climatic Change TI - CLIMATIC CHANGE AT HIGH ELEVATION SITES: AN OVERVIEW UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/clim/1997/00000036/f0020003/00135992 VL - 36 ID - 280 ER - TY - BOOK AU - BENJES, H. CY - Bonn ET - 5., überarb. Aufl. N1 - Hermann Benjes Ill., graph. Darst. PB - Natur-und Umwelt-Verlag PY - 1998 SN - 3-924749-15-9 Pp. SP - 157 S. ST - Die Vernetzung von Lebensräumen mit Benjeshecken TI - Die Vernetzung von Lebensräumen mit Benjeshecken ID - 281 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Benning, T. L. AU - LaPointe AU - D AU - Atkinson AU - T, C. AU - Vitousek AU - M, P. LB - benn02 PY - 2002 SP - 14246-14249 ST - Interactions of climate change with biological invasions and land use in the Hawaiian Islands: Modeling the fate of endemic birds using a geographic information system T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Interactions of climate change with biological invasions and land use in the Hawaiian Islands: Modeling the fate of endemic birds using a geographic information system VL - 99 ID - 282 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Benning, T. L. AU - LaPointe AU - D. AU - Atkinson AU - T., C. AU - Vitousek AU - M., P. LB - benn02 PY - 2002 SP - 14246-14249 ST - Interactions of climate change with biological invasions and land use in the Hawaiian Islands: Modeling the fate of endemic birds using a geographic information system T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Interactions of climate change with biological invasions and land use in the Hawaiian Islands: Modeling the fate of endemic birds using a geographic information system VL - 99 ID - 283 ER - TY - THES AU - BENZ, W. PY - 1982 ST - Beobachtungen zum Auftreten und zur Populationsdynamik des Ampferblattkäfers an verschiedenen Standorten in Baden-Würtemberg T2 - Diplomarbeit an der Universität Hohenheim TI - Beobachtungen zum Auftreten und zur Populationsdynamik des Ampferblattkäfers an verschiedenen Standorten in Baden-Würtemberg ID - 284 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BENZARTI, J. PY - 1999 SE - 95 SP - 14 ST - Temperature and water-use efficiency by lucerne (Medicago sativa) sheltered by a tree windbreak in Tunisia. T2 - Agroforestry Systems TI - Temperature and water-use efficiency by lucerne (Medicago sativa) sheltered by a tree windbreak in Tunisia. VL - 43 ID - 285 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BERAN, F. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 1 ST - Die Bekämpfungsaktionen 1951 gegen Maikäfer und Engerlinge T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Die Bekämpfungsaktionen 1951 gegen Maikäfer und Engerlinge VL - 4 ID - 286 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Berger, E. CY - Wien PB - Böhlau Verlag GmbH PY - 2002-2004 SN - 3-205-99353-5 ST - Historische Gärten Österreichs TI - Historische Gärten Österreichs VL - Band 1.-3. ID - 287 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Berger, R. LB - berg92 PY - 1992 SP - 105-114 ST - Massenauftreten der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe Pristiphora abietina (Christ im Hausruck im Zusammenhang mit forstschädlichen Luftverunreinugungen. Dissertation TI - Massenauftreten der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe Pristiphora abietina (Christ im Hausruck im Zusammenhang mit forstschädlichen Luftverunreinugungen. Dissertation VL - 1 ID - 288 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Berggren, Dan AU - Bergkvist, Bo AU - Johansson, Maj-Britt AU - Langvall, Ola AU - Majdi, Hooshang AU - Melkerud, Per-Arne AU - Nilsson, Åke AU - Weslien, Per AU - Olsson, Mats CY - Uppsala LB - berggren:04 PB - SLU PY - 2004 SN - 87 ST - A description of the LUSTRA's common field sites TI - A description of the LUSTRA's common field sites ID - 289 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bergmann, F. LB - berg99 PY - 1999 SP - 81-86 ST - Langfristige Zunahme früher Bruten beim Teichrohrsänger (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) in einem südwestdeutschen Untersuchungsgebiet T2 - J. Ornithol. TI - Langfristige Zunahme früher Bruten beim Teichrohrsänger (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) in einem südwestdeutschen Untersuchungsgebiet VL - 14 ID - 290 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bergmann, Nadja. AU - Pimminger, Irene. PY - 2001 ST - ToolBox Gender Mainstreaming TI - ToolBox Gender Mainstreaming UR - http://www.g-i-s-a.de/res.php?id=144 ID - 3616 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Pimminger, Irene AU - Bergmann, Nadja. AU - Pimminger, Irene. CY - Wien PB - GeM-Koordinationsstelle für Gender Mainstreaming im ESF L&R Sozialforschung im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2004 ST - Praxishandbuch Gender Mainstreaming. Konzept, Umsetzung, Erfahrung. TI - Praxishandbuch Gender Mainstreaming. Konzept, Umsetzung, Erfahrung ID - 3617 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Berkes, S. LB - berk99 PY - 1999 SP - 109 ST - Witterungsabhängige Amphibienwanderung im NSG ``Ahrensburger Tunneltal`` im Frühjahr 1999 T2 - Seevögel: Zeitschrift Verein Jordsand TI - Witterungsabhängige Amphibienwanderung im NSG ``Ahrensburger Tunneltal`` im Frühjahr 1999 VL - 20 ID - 291 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bernays, E. A. LB - bern97 PY - 1997 SP - 121-123 ST - Feeding by lepitoptera larvae is dangerous T2 - Ecological Entomology TI - Feeding by lepitoptera larvae is dangerous VL - 22 ID - 292 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BERNER, M. AU - SCHNETTER, W. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 309-314 ST - Nematoden zur Bekämpfung von Maikäfer-Engerlingen T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Nematoden zur Bekämpfung von Maikäfer-Engerlingen VL - 1 ID - 293 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Stomata have played a key role in the Earth System for at least 400 million years. By enabling plants to control the rate of evaporation from their photosynthetic organs, stomata helped to set in motion non-linear processes that led to an acceleration of the hydrologic cycle over the continents and an expansion of climate zones favorable for plant life. Global scale modeling of land-atmosphere interactions provides a way to explore parallels between the influence of vegetation on climate over time, and the influence of spatial and temporal variation in the activities of vegetation in the current Earth System on climate and weather. We use the logic in models that simulate land- atmosphere interactions to illustrate the central role played by stomatal conductance in the Earth System. In the modeling context, most of the activities of plants and their manifold interactions with their genomes and with the environment are communicated to the atmosphere through a single property: the aperture or conductance of their stomata. We tend to think of the controls on vegetation responses in the real world as being distributed among factors such as seasonal patterns of growth, the changing availability of soil water, or changes in light intensity and leaf water potential over a day. However, the impact of these controls on crucial exchanges of energy and water vapor with the atmosphere are also largely mediated by stomata. The decisions 'made by' stomata emerge as an important and inadequately understood component of these models. At the present time we lack effective ways to link advances in the biology of stomata to this decision making process. While not unusual, this failure to connect between disciplines, introduces uncertainty in modeling studies being used to predict weather and climate change and ultimately to inform policy decisions. This problem is also an opportunity. © 2010. 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TI - Accouplement, periode d'incubation et premiers stades larvaires de Brachyptera braueri et de Perlodes microcephalus (Plecoptera) VL - 15 ID - 297 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Österreich, Ökosoziales Forum AU - BESENHOFER, G. PY - 2003 SP - 81-86. ST - Pflanzenkrankheiten - ein zunehmendes Problem TI - Pflanzenkrankheiten - ein zunehmendes Problem ID - 298 ER - TY - JOUR AB - From April 1977 to February 1978, wild mammals were trapped in a focus of low leishmanial endemicity (Baccinello) in the Province of Grosseto (Tuscany, Italy). Spleen homogenates of the trapped animals were injected i.p. into hamsters, from which spleen biopsies were taken after 60 days and impression smears carefully observed for the presence of Leishmania. Positive spleens were subinoculated into hamsters. 404 animals of 12 species were trapped: 31 insectivores, 317 rodents and 56 carnivores. Black rats (Rattus rattus) and field mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) were the rodent species most frequently trapped—160 and 139 respectively—of which 143 and 134 respectively were tested in hamsters for Leishmania. 35 foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were caught, of which 16 were tested for Leishmania. Four hamsters were found infested with Leishmania. Three of them had been injected with spleen homogenates from R. rattus and one from V. vulpes although liver and spleen impression smears of all trapped animals were negative for Leishmania on direct microscopical examination. The significance of Leishmania infection in wild animals in the leishmanial focus of Baccinello is discussed. AU - Bettini, S. AU - Pozio, E. AU - Gradoni, L. 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AU - Jones AU - T.H LB - beze98 PY - 1998 SP - 212-222 ST - Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analysis and guild effects T2 - Oikos TI - Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analysis and guild effects VL - 82 ID - 301 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bezemer, T.M. AU - Jones AU - T.H. LB - beze98 PY - 1998 SP - 212-222 ST - Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analysis and guild effects T2 - Oikos TI - Plant-insect herbivore interactions in elevated atmospheric CO2: quantitative analysis and guild effects VL - 82 ID - 302 ER - TY - UNPB AU - BFW CY - Vienna PB - BFW PY - 2009 ST - Digital Soil Map for Austria TI - Digital Soil Map for Austria ID - 303 ER - TY - WEB AU - BFW PB - Bundesforschungs- und Ausbildungszentrum für Wald, Naturgefahren und Landschaft PY - 2012 ST - Österreichisches Borkenkäfer-Monitoring. TI - Österreichisches Borkenkäfer-Monitoring. UR - http://bfw.ac.at/db/bfwcms.web?dok=5312 (abgerufen am 07.03.2013) ID - 304 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Biau, Gérard AU - Zorita, Eduardo AU - von Storch, Hans AU - Wackernagel, Hans DA - April LB - biau99a N1 - Es wurde ein Vergleich zwischen einer simplen Analogmethode und einem auf Kriging basierenden Downscaling verfahren durchgeführt. Als grossräumige Variable wurde das tägliche Bodendruckfeld (nur Winter) über 15-85N und 70W-20E verwendet(1899-1989; 5x5 Grad). ***sekunde mal - welcher datensatz ist denn das? der reicht ja enorm weit zurück! > ein anders ncep projekt (und nur NCEP, KEIN NCAR), man sieht das die daten nur bis 89 gehen und eine aufloessung von 5x5 grad haben, ich dachte das zitat ist eigentlich fuer uns nicht mehr interessant, aber hast recht den autoren namen sollte man schon kennen also: jetzt wollt ich nachsehen nur im paper steht nur daten von NCEP! Lokal wurden 50 Niederschlagsstationen auf der Iberischen Halbinsel, Südfrankreich und Nord Afrika verwendet. Die Kriggingmethode zeigte bessere Ergebnisse (r=0.34 gegenüeber r=0.15) bei der Rekonstruktion des Niederschlagwertes, jedoch schlechtere bei der Wiedergabe der Varianz des beobachteten Niederschlages als die Analogmethode. ***heisst das, dass die kriging methode bessere absolutwerte liefert aber den kurvenverlauf schlechter wiedergibt? schau bitte nochmal wie das obige r bestimmt wurde und ob zwischen verschiedenen unterschieden wird; > so ist es, nicht der kurven verlauf sondern die SDT (sorry nicht die varianz) stimmt nicht so gut ueberein wie die mittelwerte. die angegebenen korrelationen beziehen sich auf tageszeitreihen, beim vergleich von longterm means zeigen sich deutliche bessere ergebnisse typisch 0.7(krigging) 0.5(analog), um welchen mittelwert es sich handelt (saison, jahr, monat?) wird nicht geschrieben, (das ist natuerlich sehr schade) oder ich bin blind. wenn man die ein 3tages mittel durchfuehrt erhoehen sich die korrelation ein wenig sprich von 0.34 auf 0.5(na no na, ist ja auch zu erwarten) PY - 1999 SP - 1070 - 1085 ST - Estimation of Precipitation by Kriging in the EOF Space of the Sea Level Pressure Field T2 - J. Climate TI - Estimation of Precipitation by Kriging in the EOF Space of the Sea Level Pressure Field VL - 12 ID - 305 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie Bundesministerium für AU - Biermayr, Peter AU - Schriefl, Ernst AU - Baumann, Bernhard AU - Sturm, Ansbert PY - 2004 ST - Maßnahmen zur Minimierung von Reboundeffekten bei der Sanierung von Wohngebäuden (MARESI). T2 - Energie- und Umweltforschung 6 TI - Maßnahmen zur Minimierung von Reboundeffekten bei der Sanierung von Wohngebäuden (MARESI). ID - 306 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BILEWICZ-PAWINSKA, T. IS - 3 PY - 1995 SP - 349-372 ST - Occurence and parasitism of cereal bug species (Heteroptera) in different crop systems. T2 - Polish ecological studies TI - Occurence and parasitism of cereal bug species (Heteroptera) in different crop systems VL - 21 ID - 307 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bilitewski, B. AU - Mantau, U. PY - 2005 ST - Stoffstrom-Modell-Holz – Bestimmung des Aufkommens, der Verwendung und des Verbleibs von Holzprdukten T2 - Celle: Forschungsbericht für den Verband Deutscher Papierfabriken e.V. (VDP) TI - Stoffstrom-Modell-Holz – Bestimmung des Aufkommens, der Verwendung und des Verbleibs von Holzprdukten ID - 3471 ER - TY - JOUR AB - * 1In many European agricultural landscapes, species richness is declining considerably. Studies performed at a very large spatial scale are helpful in understanding the reasons for this decline and as a basis for guiding policy. In a unique, large-scale study of 25 agricultural landscapes in seven European countries, we investigated relationships between species richness in several taxa, and the links between biodiversity and landscape structure and management. * 2We estimated the total species richness of vascular plants, birds and five arthropod groups in each 16-km2 landscape, and recorded various measures of both landscape structure and intensity of agricultural land use. We studied correlations between taxonomic groups and the effects of landscape and land-use parameters on the number of species in different taxonomic groups. Our statistical approach also accounted for regional variation in species richness unrelated to landscape or land-use factors. * 3The results reveal strong geographical trends in species richness in all taxonomic groups. No single species group emerged as a good predictor of all other species groups. Species richness of all groups increased with the area of semi-natural habitats in the landscape. Species richness of birds and vascular plants was negatively associated with fertilizer use. * 4Synthesis and applications. We conclude that indicator taxa are unlikely to provide an effective means of predicting biodiversity at a large spatial scale, especially where there is large biogeographical variation in species richness. However, a small list of landscape and land-use parameters can be used in agricultural landscapes to infer large-scale patterns of species richness. Our results suggest that to halt the loss of biodiversity in these landscapes, it is important to preserve and, if possible, increase the area of semi-natural habitat. AU - Billeter, R. AU - Liira, J. AU - Bailey, D. AU - Bugter, R. AU - Arens, P. AU - Augenstein, I. AU - Aviron, S. AU - Baudry, J. AU - Bukacek, R. AU - Burel, F. AU - Cerny, M. AU - De Blust, G. AU - De Cock, R. AU - Diekötter, T. AU - Dietz, H. AU - Dirksen, J. AU - Dormann, C. AU - Durka, W. AU - Frenzel, M. AU - Hamersky, R. AU - Hendrickx, F. AU - Herzog, F. AU - Klotz, S. AU - Koolstra, B. AU - Lausch, A. AU - Le Coeur, D. AU - Maelfait, J. P. AU - Opdam, P. AU - Roubalova, M. AU - Schermann, A. AU - Schermann, N. AU - Schmidt, T. AU - Schweiger, O. AU - Smulders, M. J. M. AU - Speelmans, M. AU - Simova, P. AU - Verboom, J. AU - Van Wingerden, W. K. R. E. AU - Zobel, M. AU - Edwards, P. J. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01393.x IS - 1 KW - arthropods birds habitats indicator taxa monitoring semi-natural plants species richness PY - 2008 SN - 1365-2664 SP - 141-150 ST - Indicators for biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: a pan-European study T2 - Journal of Applied Ecology TI - Indicators for biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: a pan-European study UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01393.x VL - 45 ID - 308 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Biocca, E. AU - Coluzzi, A. AU - Costantini, R. PY - 1977 SP - 157-167 ST - Distribution des differentes especes de Phlebotomes en Italie et transmission des leishmanioses et de quelques arboviroses T2 - Editions du Centre Netional de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) TI - Distribution des differentes especes de Phlebotomes en Italie et transmission des leishmanioses et de quelques arboviroses VL - 239 ID - 309 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Biology, Evolutionary AU - Hall, Corson AU - Sciences, Applied Life IS - 6 KW - climate change feeding activity insect pest larval survival lepidoptera pinus range expansion spatial dynamics thaumetopoea pityocampa PY - 2005 SP - 2084-2096 ST - EXPANSION OF GEOGRAPHIC RANGE IN THE PINE PROCESSIONARY MOTH CAUSED BY INCREASED WINTER TEMPERATURES T2 - America TI - EXPANSION OF GEOGRAPHIC RANGE IN THE PINE PROCESSIONARY MOTH CAUSED BY INCREASED WINTER TEMPERATURES VL - 15 ID - 310 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BirdLife, International AU - W.W LB - bird97 PY - 1997 ST - Climate Change and Wildlife T2 - A summary of an international workshop TI - Climate Change and Wildlife ID - 311 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BirdLife, International AU - W.W. LB - bird97 PY - 1997 ST - Climate Change and Wildlife T2 - A summary of an international workshop TI - Climate Change and Wildlife ID - 312 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BIRKMANN, J. N1 - New York PY - 2006 ST - Measuring vulnerability to hazards of natural origin. Towards disaster resilient societies. T2 - United Nations University Press TI - Measuring vulnerability to hazards of natural origin. Towards disaster resilient societies. ID - 313 ER - TY - RPRT AU - al., Birngruber H. et PY - 2011 SP - 254 ST - CLISP – Climate Change Adaptation by Spatial Planning in the Alpine Space. Model Region Report – Upper Austria T2 - Project Report - ETC „Alpine Space“ programme 2007-2013 TI - CLISP – Climate Change Adaptation by Spatial Planning in the Alpine Space. Model Region Report – Upper Austria ID - 3387 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bisping, W., Amtsberg, G. CY - Berlin PB - Parey PY - 1988 SP - S. 212-213. ST - Farbatlas zur Diagnose bakterieller Infektionserreger der Tiere TI - Farbatlas zur Diagnose bakterieller Infektionserreger der Tiere ID - 314 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bisping, W. AU - Amtsberg, G. CY - Berlin PB - Parey PY - 1988 SP - S. 212-213. ST - Farbatlas zur Diagnose bakterieller Infektionserreger der Tiere TI - Farbatlas zur Diagnose bakterieller Infektionserreger der Tiere ID - 315 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bittermann, W. CY - Wien PB - Statistik Austria PY - 2005 ST - Energiebilanzen 1970 (1988) - 2004: Dokumentation der Methodik TI - Energiebilanzen 1970 (1988) - 2004: Dokumentation der Methodik ID - 316 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bivand, R.S. AU - Pebesma, E.J. AU - Gomez-Rubio, V. PB - New York: Springer PY - 2008 SE - 374 SN - 978-0-387-78170-9 ST - Applied spatial data analysis with R TI - Applied spatial data analysis with R ID - 317 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blab, J. LB - blab82 PY - 1982 SP - 9-28 ST - Zur Wanderdynamik der Frösche des Kottenforstes bei Bonn - Bilanzen der Jahreszeitlichen Einbindung (Amphibia: Salientia: Ranidae) T2 - Salanmandra TI - Zur Wanderdynamik der Frösche des Kottenforstes bei Bonn - Bilanzen der Jahreszeitlichen Einbindung (Amphibia: Salientia: Ranidae) VL - 18 ID - 318 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blab, J. LB - blab86 PY - 1986 SP - 150 ST - Biologie, Ökologie und Schutz von Amphibien T2 - Schriftenreihe für Landschaftspflege und Naturschutz, Kilda-Verlag, Bonn TI - Biologie, Ökologie und Schutz von Amphibien VL - 18 ID - 319 ER - TY - SER AU - BLAB, J. AU - TERHARDT, A. AU - ZSIVANOVITS, K. P. CY - Bonn PB - BUNDESFORSCHUNGSANSTALT FÜR NATURSCHUTZ UND LANDSCHAFTSÖKOLOGIE PY - 1989 ST - Tierwelt in der Zivilisationslandschaft. Teil I: Raumeinbindung und Biotopnutzung bei Säugetieren und Vögeln im Drachenfelser Landchen T3 - Schriftenreihe für Naturschutz TI - Tierwelt in der Zivilisationslandschaft. Teil I: Raumeinbindung und Biotopnutzung bei Säugetieren und Vögeln im Drachenfelser Landchen VL - 30 ID - 320 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blackmon, M. AU - Boville, B. AU - Bryan, F. AU - Dickinson, R. AU - Gent, P. AU - Kiehl, J. AU - Moritz, R. and Randall D. AU - Shukla, J. AU - Solomon, S. AU - Bonan, G. AU - Doney, S. AU - Fung, I. AU - Hack, J. AU - Hunke, E. AU - Hurrell, J. IS - 11 LB - blackmon2001 PY - 2001 SP - 2357--2376 ST - The Community Climate System Model T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. TI - The Community Climate System Model VL - 82 ID - 321 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blackmon, M. AU - Boville, B. AU - Bryan, F. AU - Dickinson, R. AU - Gent, P. AU - Kiehl, J. AU - Moritz, R.and Randall, D. AU - Shukla, J. AU - Solomon, S. AU - Bonan, G. AU - Doney, S. AU - Fung, I. AU - Hack, J. AU - Hunke, E. AU - Hurrell, J. IS - 11 LB - blackmon2001 PY - 2001 SP - 2357--2376 ST - The Community Climate System Model T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. TI - The Community Climate System Model VL - 82 ID - 322 ER - TY - THES A3 - Schopf, Univ.Prof. Dr.phil. Axel A2 - Baier, Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Peter AB - Unterschiedliche Entwicklungsgeschwindigkeiten des Fichtenborkenkäfers (Ips typographus) zwischen dem Inneren des Bestandes und dem, durch einen Lawinenabgang neu entstandenen, Bestandesrand, wurden bei dieser Arbeit verglichen. Die Auswirkungen großer Rindenverluste auf die Abwehrmechanismen von Picea abies wurden durch Harzfluss- Messungen und Inokulationsversuchen mit pathogenen Bläuepilzen untersucht. Die Studie wurde, nach einem massiven Lawinenabgang, in den Jahren 2009-2010 im Wildnisgebiet Dürrenstein durchgeführt. Entwicklungsrate und Ausbreitung wurde während 17 Monaten nach dem Lawinenabgang observiert. Südexponierte Randbäume wurden zuerst befallen. Bäume mit Rindenverlusten wurden später befallen als nicht verletzte Bäume. Gesunde, stehende Bäume wurden schon im ersten Jahr nach dem Lawinenabgang besiedelt. Potentielle Entwicklung und Verbreitung sowie potentielles Populationswachstum des Borkenkäfers wurden mit dem Phänologie Programm PHENIPS prognostiziert. Das Model behauptete sich erneut, da prognostizierte Entwicklungsstadien im Feld bestätigt wurden. Der Harzfluss der sechs verletzten Randbäume wurde mit sechs nicht- verletzten Bäumen im Bestandesinnerem verglichen. Ein signifikanter Unterschied wurde nicht festgestellt. Anatomische sowie physiologische Baumvariablen (Wassergehalt, Anzahl Rindenkanäle, Größe Harzkanäle, Anzahl Epithelzellen, Phloem- und Rindendicke) zeigten wenig signifikante Unterschiede (Wassergehalt und Phloemdicke). Individuelle Variablen werden in Korrelation mit ihrer geografischen Positionierung innerhalb des Bestandes diskutiert. Verletzte Randbäume zeigten signifikant größere, sekundäre Wundreaktionen als nicht verletzte Bäume im Bestandesinneren. Eine signifikante, negative Korrelation zwischen der sekundären Wundreaktion und dem Befallsdatum wurde festgestellt. Des Weiteren wurde eine negative Korrelation zwischen den beiden Abwehrreaktionen (Harzfluss und sekundäre Wundreaktion) festgestellt. Differences of bark beetle (Ips typographus)- infestation rates between the interior of the forest stand and a newly created forest border by an avalanche event were studied. The effect of severe bark loss on Picea abies defence mechanisms was examined by resin flow measurements and inoculation experiments with phytopathogenic fungi. The study was conducted after an avalanche event in the Wilderness Area “Dürrenstein”, in 2009-2010. Infestation rate and spread were observed over 17 months after the avalanche. Border trees exposed to the south were infested first. Trees with bark losses were infested later than non damaged border trees. Vital, standing trees were successfully colonised in the first year after the avalanche occurrence as bark beetle populations were very high. Possible spruce bark beetle development, -spread and population increase based on climatic data was prognosed using the phenology model PHENIPS. The model proved to be a reliable tool as developmental stages were confirmed in the field. Resin flow of six border trees with severe bark losses was measured and compared to six non damaged trees in the forest stand interior. No significant differences were found between these tree groups. Anatomical and physiological tree variables (water content, number of resin canals, size of resin canals, number of epithelial cells, phloem thickness and bark thickness) only showed few significant differences (water content and phloem thickness). Individual variables are discussed in correlation with their geographical position within the stand. The damaged forest border trees expressed significantly larger secondary wound reactions than the non damaged equivalents in the forest stand. This was tested by inoculating the trees with the phytopathogenic fungi Ceratocystis polonica and measuring the secondary wound reaction. A significant negative correlation between the mean secondary wound reaction and the infestation date was found. In addition, the two resistance mechanisms (resin flow and secondary wound reaction) were in negative correlation to each other. AU - Blackwell AU - Emma KW - Ips typographus, Massenvermehrung, Risikoanalyse, Lawinenereigniss, Scolytinae, Wundreaktion, Harzfluss Ips typographus, outbreak, risk assessment, avalanche, Scolytinae, wound reaction, resin flow LA - Englisch M1 - D-14855 PB - Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien PY - 2011 SP - 80 ST - Risk assessment of bark beetle outbreaks after an avalanche occurence in the Dürrenstein Wilderness Area T2 - H91600 Institut für Forstentomologie, Forstpathologie und Forstschutz (IFFF) TI - Risk assessment of bark beetle outbreaks after an avalanche occurence in the Dürrenstein Wilderness Area VL - Dipl.-Ing. ID - 323 ER - TY - WEB AU - Blanc, P. M1 - 1.6.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.verticalgardenpatrickblanc.com/#/en/resources ID - 324 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blanchard, R. PY - 1909 SP - 192 ST - A propos des Phlebotomes (Dipt. Psychodidae) T2 - Bull Soc Ent de France TI - A propos des Phlebotomes (Dipt. Psychodidae) ID - 325 ER - TY - THES AU - Blaser, P. LB - blaser:76 PB - ETH Zürich PY - 1976 SP - 1 - 5 ST - Die Vegetation als Podsolierungsfaktor. Versuch einer vergleichenden, quantitativen Erfassung TI - Die Vegetation als Podsolierungsfaktor. Versuch einer vergleichenden, quantitativen Erfassung ID - 326 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaser, P. AU - Reiser, M. LB - blaser:75 PY - 1975 SP - 199-214 ST - Eine topographische Bodensequenz in subalpinen Lawinenrunsen auf silikatischem Gestein T2 - Mitt. Eidg. Anstalt forstl. Versuchswesen TI - Eine topographische Bodensequenz in subalpinen Lawinenrunsen auf silikatischem Gestein VL - 51 ID - 327 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bläsing, I. LB - blae53 PY - 1953 SP - 112-152 ST - Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Umfang der ökologischen und physiologischen Toleranz von Planaria alpina Dana und Planaria gonocephala Duges T2 - Zool. J. Abt. Allg. Zool. Physiol. Tiere TI - Experimentelle Untersuchungen über den Umfang der ökologischen und physiologischen Toleranz von Planaria alpina Dana und Planaria gonocephala Duges VL - 64 ID - 328 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaustein, A. R. S. B. Wake AU - Sousa, W. P. LB - blau94 PY - 1994 SP - 56-61 ST - Amphibians declines: jugging stbility, persistence and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions T2 - Conserv. Bio. TI - Amphibians declines: jugging stbility, persistence and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions VL - 8 ID - 329 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaustein, A. R. AU - Belden, L. K. AU - Olson, D. H. AU - Green, D. M. AU - Root, T. L. AU - Kiesecker, J. M. LB - blau01 PY - 2001 SP - 1809 ST - Amphibian breeding and climatechange T2 - Conservation Biology TI - Amphibian breeding and climatechange VL - 15 ID - 330 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaustein, A. R. AU - Wake, D. B. DA - Juni LB - blau95 PY - 1995 SP - 63 ST - Das Rätsel des Weltweiten Amphibiensterbens T2 - Spektrum der Wissenschaft TI - Das Rätsel des Weltweiten Amphibiensterbens VL - 58 ID - 331 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Blaustein, A.R. S.B. Wake AU - Sousa, W.P. LB - blau94 PY - 1994 SP - 56-61 ST - Amphibians declines: jugging stbility, persistence and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions T2 - Conserv. Bio. TI - Amphibians declines: jugging stbility, persistence and susceptibility of populations to local and global extinctions VL - 8 ID - 332 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We estimated how the possible changes in wind climate and state of the forest due to climate change may affect the probability of exceeding critical wind speeds expected to cause wind damage within a forest management unit located in Southern Sweden. The topography of the management unit was relatively gentle and the forests were dominated by Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). We incorporated a model relating the site index (SI) to the site productivity into the forest projection model FTM. Using estimated changes in the net primary production (NPP) due to climate change and assuming a relative change in NPP equal to a relative change in the site productivity, we simulated possible future states of the forest under gradual adjustment of SI in response to climate change. We estimated changes in NPP by combining the boreal-adapted BIOMASS model with four regional climate change scenarios calculated using the RCAO model for the period 2071-2100 and two control period scenarios for the period 1961-1990. The modified WINDA model was used to calculate the probability of wind damage for individual forest stands in simulated future states of the forest. The climate change scenarios used represent non-extreme projections on a 100-year time scale in terms of global mean warming. A 15-40% increase in NPP was estimated to result from climate change until the period 2071-2100. Increasing sensitivity of the forest to wind was indicated when the management rules of today were applied. A greater proportion of the calculated change in probability of wind damage was due to changes in wind climate than to changes in the sensitivity of the forest to wind. While regional climate scenarios based on the HadAM3H general circulation model (GCM) indicated no change (SRES A2 emission scenario) or a slightly reduced (SRES B2 emission scenario) probability of wind damage, scenarios based on the ECHAM4/OPYC3 GCM indicated increased probability of wind damage. The assessment should, however, be reviewed as the simulation of forest growth under climate change as well as climate change scenarios are refined. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. AD - Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 49, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden Blennow, K. Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 49, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden email: Kristina.Blennow@ess.slu.se AU - Blennow, K. AU - Andersson, M. AU - Bergh, J. AU - Sallnäs, O. AU - Olofsson, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s10584-009-9698-8 IS - 1 J2 - Clim. Change KW - Biomass models Climate change impact Climate change scenarios Control periods Critical wind speed Emission scenario Forest growth Forest management units Forest stand General circulation model Global mean warming Management unit Net primary production Norway spruce Picea Abies (L.) Karst Possible futures Projection models Regional climate Regional climate changes Site index Site productivity Time-scales Wind climate Wind damage Climate control Climate models Forestry Probability Productivity Climate change circulation modeling climate effect forest management general circulation model global warming grass index method net primary production wind velocity Growth Meteorology Seasonal Variation Sweden Picea abies LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 5 CODEN: CLCHD References: Ahti, T., Hämet-ahti, L., Jalas, J., Vegetation zones and their sections in northwestern Europe (1968) Ann Bot Fenn, 5, pp. 169-211; Alexandersson, H., (2006) Vindstatistik För Sverige 1961-2004, p. 47. , (In Swedish). Reports in Meteorology and Climatology 121, SMHI, SE-60176 Norrköping, Sweden; Almeida, A.C., Maestri, R., Landsberg, J.J., Scolforo, J.R.S., Linking process-based and empirical forest models in Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil (2003) Modelling Forest Systems, pp. 63-74. , UK: CAB International; Andersson, M., Dahlin, B., Mossberg, M., The forest time machine-a multi-purpose forest management decision-support system (2005) Comput Electron Agric, 49, pp. 114-128; Bamberg, S., Schwarz, W., Tranquillini, W., Influence of daylength on the photosynthetic capacity of Stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) 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PY - 2003 SP - http://www.slplan.de/Naturrasen/Gartenlaubkaefer.pdf ST - Gartenlaubkäfer (Phyllopertha horticola) TI - Gartenlaubkäfer (Phyllopertha horticola) ID - 361 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - zweite, aktualisierte und erweiterte Auflage AU - Bodendorf, F. CY - München Wien PB - Springer Verlag PY - 2006 ST - Daten- und Wissensmanagement. TI - Daten- und Wissensmanagement ID - 362 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forest management is challenged by increasing needs to adapt practices to future climate change likely to be characterised by a changing frequency of extreme weather events, in turn in uncertain ways resulting in more pronounced disturbances on forests. In this paper, we explore the extent to which insights acquired by ecological theory, in particular with respect to stabilising properties, have been of use to forest management theory and practice, and whether these insights can be applied in a valuable way to forest managers in view of increasingly uncertain disturbance regimes. We find it highly unlikely that there exists one strategy option that can optimise for all types of disturbances and that can also maximise for all other demands placed on forest management. Therefore, management needs to be related to the most relevant disturbances; or, alternatively, a multitude of management options may be combined as an insurance strategy. Possibly, heterogeneous/mixed forest communities could insure against climate-change related pressures. We also note the importance of spatio-temporal scales when relating disturbance to stability, and thus the needs for advancing modelling in that field to assist in developing management strategies for the future. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Environmental Science Section, Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Kalmar University, SE-39182 Kalmar, Sweden Bodin, P. 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PY - 2001 SP - 39 - 44 ST - Physiologie und futterbaulicher Wert des Ampfers T2 - BAL Gumpenstein Bericht 7 Alpenländisches Expertenforum TI - Physiologie und futterbaulicher Wert des Ampfers ID - 380 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Landwirtschaft, Lehr- und Forschungszentrum für A2 - Raumberg-Gumpenstein, A-8952 Irdning A2 - und, des Bundesministeriums für Land- A2 - Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft AU - Bohner, A. CY - LFZ Raumberg-Gumpenstein PY - 2010 SN - ISBN-13: 978-3-902559-41-8 ISSN: 1818-7722 SP - 111-120 ST - Zeigerpflanzen für die Beurteilung des Bodenzustandes im Wirtschaftsgrünland T2 - 2. Umweltökologisches Symposium TI - Zeigerpflanzen für die Beurteilung des Bodenzustandes im Wirtschaftsgrünland ID - 381 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Wissenschaften, Akademie der AU - Bohner, A. AU - Sobotik, M. CY - Wien PY - 2000 SP - 15-508 ST - Das Wirtschaftsgrünland im Mittleren Steirischen Ennstal aus vegetationsökologischer Sicht T2 - MaB-Forschungsbericht. Landschaft und Landwirtschaft im Wandel – Das Grünland im Berggebiet Österreichs TI - Das Wirtschaftsgrünland im Mittleren Steirischen Ennstal aus vegetationsökologischer Sicht ID - 382 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bohren C., Mermillod N. AU - N., Delabys PY - 2006 ST - Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Switzerland: development of a nationwide concerted action. T2 - Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection TI - Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Switzerland: development of a nationwide concerted action VL - 113 ID - 383 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bohren, C. AU - Mermillod, N. AU - Delabys, N. PY - 2006 ST - Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Switzerland: development of a nationwide concerted action. T2 - Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection TI - Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in Switzerland: development of a nationwide concerted action VL - 113 ID - 384 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Böhringer, C. CY - Wien PY - 1995 ST - Allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle als Instrument der energie- und umweltpolitischen Analyse: theoretische Grundlagen und empirische Anwendung TI - Allgemeine Gleichgewichtsmodelle als Instrument der energie- und umweltpolitischen Analyse: theoretische Grundlagen und empirische Anwendung ID - 385 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Changes to forest production drivers (light, water, temperature, and site nutrient) over the last 55 years have been documented in peer-reviewed literature. The main objective of this paper is to review documented evidence of the impacts of climate change trends on forest productivity since the middle of the 20th century. We first present a concise overview of the climate controls of forest production, provide evidence of how the main controls have changed in the last 55 years, followed by a core section outlining our findings of observed and documented impacts on forest productivity and a brief discussion of the complications of interpreting trends in net primary production (NPP). At finer spatial scales, a trend is difficult to decipher, but globally, based on both satellite and ground-based data, climatic changes seemed to have a generally positive impact on forest productivity when water was not limiting. Of the 49 papers reporting forest production levels we reviewed, 37 showed a positive growth trend, five a negative trend, three reported both a positive and a negative trend for different time periods, one reported a positive and no trend for different geographic areas, and two reported no trend. Forests occupy ≈ 52% of the Earth's land surface and tend to occupy more temperature and radiation-limited environments. Less than 7% of forests are in strongly water-limited systems. The combined and interacting effects of temperature, radiation, and precipitation changes with the positive effect of CO 2, the negative effects of O 3 and other pollutants, and the presently positive effects of N will not be elucidated with experimental manipulation of one or a few factors at a time. Assessments of the greening of the biosphere depend on both accurate measurements of rates (net ecosystem exchange, NPP), how much is stored at the ecosystem level (net ecosystem production) and quantification of disturbances rates on final net biome production. © 2006 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. AD - Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-0576, United States Boisvenue, C. Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812-0576, United States email: celine@boisvenue.com AU - Boisvenue, C. AU - Running, S. W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01134.x IS - 5 J2 - Global Change Biol. 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Skovsgaard Springer Berlin PY - 2006 SN - 13541013 SP - 862-882 ST - Impacts of climate change on natural forest productivity - Evidence since the middle of the 20th century T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Impacts of climate change on natural forest productivity - Evidence since the middle of the 20th century UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33745958272&partnerID=40&md5=0806c2b70b86056f45448e9f9d4a8788 VL - 12 ID - 386 ER - TY - CHAP AB - A number of episodes are observed when the total ozone for 2 to 3 days has fallen below 220 matm-cm in the northern mid- and polar latitudes in autumn. The occurrences of such episodes represent ozone deviations of about one-third from the pre-1976 Oct-Nov-Dec monthly mean! By using primarily quality checked Dobson data, a clear identification was made of more than three dozen short spells with extremely low ozone in the 1957–1978 period. In the following twenty-two years (1979–2000), using mainly TOMS data, one can identify ~ 46 cases with ozone values falling below 220 matm-cm for longer than 1 day, with each time over an area greater than 500,000 km2 . The Ozone Mass Deficiency (O3MD) from the pre-1976 average ozone values over the affected area was ~2.8 Mt per day, i.e. four to seven times greater than it would be, assuming only a long-term trend in the Oct-Nov-Dec period. The Extremely Low Ozone (ELO3) events on the day of their appearance over the N. Atlantic/European region contribute to the O3MD by representing 16% of the deficiency due to the Oct-Nov trend in the entire 40–65° N latitudinal belt. The O3MD of the greater pool with low ozone (here taken as <260 matm-cm) surrounding the area of the lowest events could contribute on the day of their appearance in Oct-Nov up to 60% and in December, ~30% to the deficiency due to the trend over the entire 40–65° N belt. Analysis of synoptic charts, supported by a backward trajectory on the isentropic surfaces 350 and 380 K, shows that in most of the events, subtropical air masses with low ozone content were transported from the Atlantic toward the UK, Scandinavia, and in many cases, further to the western sub-polar regions of Russia. This transport was sometimes combined with upward motions above a tropospheric anticyclone which lifted low ozone mixing ratios to higher altitudes. The ELO3 events cause a significant deficiency above the tropopause where, in general, the subtropical air is injected. In fact, the overall amount of ozone is not depleted, but redistributed on the hemispheric scale. Review of low ozone events, defined as days with negative deviations from the pre-1976 averages greater than 25% show, in general, similar origin. The seasonally averaged area with ELO3 and the associated O3MD, as well as for the cases with deviations > –25%, has increased during the 1990s, which could be an indication of stronger and/or more frequent subtropical air intrusions. Their occurrences could contribute noticeably to the ozone deficiency of the middle latitude ozone during the days of ELO3 appearances; however, their contribution to the long-term trend of the ozone seasonal decline is of the order of ~10%. AU - Bojkov, R. D. AU - Balis, D. S. DO - 10.5194/angeo-19-797-2001 ET - 1999/11/30 KW - Atmospheric composition and structure (middle atmosphere - composition and chemistry) Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (middle atmosphere dynamics) PY - 2001 SE - 797 SP - 797-807 ST - Characteristics of episodes with extremely low ozone values in the northern middle latitudes 1957−2000 SV - 7 T2 - Ann. Geophys. TI - Characteristics of episodes with extremely low ozone values in the northern middle latitudes 1957−2000 UR - http://www.ann-geophys.net/19/797/2001/ VL - 19 ID - 387 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bolle, H. J. AU - Ehhalt, D. H. AU - Graßl, H. AU - Kley, D. AU - Volz AU - Olbers, D. J. AU - Schönwiese, C. D. AU - Stratmann, H. CY - Düsseldorf LB - vdik87a PB - VDI-Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft PY - 1987 SP - 185 ST - GLOBALES KLIMA - Mögliche Klimaänderungen durch anthropogene Spurenstoffe T2 - Schriftenreihe, Nr. 7 TI - GLOBALES KLIMA - Mögliche Klimaänderungen durch anthropogene Spurenstoffe ID - 388 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bolle, H.-J. AU - Ehhalt, D.H. AU - Graßl, H. AU - Kley, D. AU - Volz AU - Olbers, D.J. AU - Schönwiese, C.-D AU - Stratmann, H. CY - Düsseldorf LB - vdik87a PB - VDI-Kommission Reinhaltung der Luft PY - 1987 SP - 185 ST - GLOBALES KLIMA - Mögliche Klimaänderungen durch anthropogene Spurenstoffe T2 - Schriftenreihe, Nr. 7 TI - GLOBALES KLIMA - Mögliche Klimaänderungen durch anthropogene Spurenstoffe ID - 389 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bolliger, J. AU - Kienast, F. AU - Zimmermann, N. E. LB - boll2000a PY - 2000 SP - 99-111 ST - Risks of global warming on monaten and subalpine forests in Switzerland - a modeling study. T2 - Reg. Environ. Change TI - Risks of global warming on monaten and subalpine forests in Switzerland - a modeling study VL - 1 ID - 390 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BOLLOW, H. PY - 1960 SE - 86-101 ST - Die landwirtschaftlich wichtigen Erdraupen (Gattung Agrotis) T2 - Praktische Blätter Pflanzenbau und –schutz TI - Die landwirtschaftlich wichtigen Erdraupen (Gattung Agrotis) VL - 55 ID - 391 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Booker, F. L. 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PB - Droemer Knaur PY - 1998 SN - 9783426270448 ST - Globale Wende: Wege zu einem gesellschaftlichen und ökologischen Strukturwandel TI - Globale Wende: Wege zu einem gesellschaftlichen und ökologischen Strukturwandel UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=ReZLPQAACAAJ ID - 3510 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bosshard, T. AU - Kotlarski, S. AU - Ewen, T. AU - Schär, C. IS - 9 LB - Bosshard2011a PY - 2011 SP - 2777-2788 ST - Spectral representation of the annual cycle in the climate change signal T2 - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences TI - Spectral representation of the annual cycle in the climate change signal UR - http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/15/2777/2011/ VL - 15 ID - 3569 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Both, C. AU - Visser AU - E, M. LB - both01 PY - 2001 SP - 296-298 ST - Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird T2 - Nature TI - Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird VL - 41 ID - 396 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Both, C. AU - Visser AU - E., M. LB - both01 PY - 2001 SP - 296-298 ST - Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird T2 - Nature TI - Adjustment to climate change is constrained by arrival date in a long-distance migrant bird VL - 41 ID - 397 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Botond, M. AU - Botta-Dukat, B. PY - 2004 SP - 408 pp ST - Biologai invaziok magyaroszaragon Özönnövenyek T2 - Alapitavany Kiado TI - Biologai invaziok magyaroszaragon Özönnövenyek ID - 398 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Botosaneau, L. AU - Malicky AU - H LB - boto78 PY - 1978 ST - Trichoptera T2 - Limnofauna Europaeae. G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart TI - Trichoptera ID - 399 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Botosaneau, L. AU - Malicky AU - H. LB - boto78 PY - 1978 ST - Trichoptera T2 - Limnofauna Europaeae. G. Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart TI - Trichoptera ID - 400 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract Experiments and observations were made to study the flight behaviour and dispersal of I. typographus at a hibernation size, inside a forest area and between forest areas, respectively in relation to sex, size and fat content. The following results and conclusions are reached.Ips typographus beetles grown up in standing trees leave the tree to hibernate in the soil. The beetles hibernate in the soil 0–5 m from the tree in which they has grown up. During hibernation the beetles' fat content reduces with about 50% and when the beetles emerge at springtime, they may react directly to pheromones.In one day Ips typographus beetles can disperse over long distances (up to 750 m), and a homogenous distribution of the beetles over the forest area is reached as long as no pheromone sources exist that aggregate the beetles. The beetles are able to disperse over long distances (> 8 km) outside forest areas.The flight intensity of the beetles is positively correlated with temperature; at wind speeds over 1 m sec−1 the beetles fly mostly with the wind, at lower wind speeds they tend to fly against the wind after contact with pheromones.The dispersal and flight behaviour is not affected by the beetle's sex, size or fat content.The adult beetles that re-emerge from a tree to establish a second brood are at average larger than the beetles that remain in the tree; the males have built up a new fat reserve before they re-emerge.It is suggested that the dispersal and flight behaviour of the beetles reduces the effectiveness of mass trapping as a control strategy.It is hypothesized that a decreasing I. typographus population suffer a high mortality caused by predation and parasitism. Zusammenfassung Zerstreuung und Flugverhalten des Fichtenborkenkäfers Iyps typographus in Beziehung zu Geschlecht, Größe und FettgehaltExperimente und Beobachtungen über das Flugverhalten und die Zerstreuung der Käfer von I. typographus am Überwinterungsort sowie allgemein innerhalb und außerhalb von Wäldern unter Berücksichtigung des Geschlechts, der Größe und des Fettgehalts führten zu folgenden Ergebnissen.Die I. typographus-Käfer, die sich in stehenden Bäumen entwickelten, verlassen diese, um im Boden in 0–5 m Entfernung von ihrem Entwicklungsbaum zu überwintern. Während der Überwinterung verringert sich ihr Fettgehalt um etwa 50%. Wenn die Käfer im Frühjahr den Boden verlassen, können sie direkt auf Pheromone reagieren. Innerhalb eines Tages können die Käfer von I. typographus sich über ein größeres Areal (bis zu 750 m) zerstreuen. Solange sie nicht von Pheromonen aggregiert werden, ist ihre Verteilung im Wald homogen. Außerhalb des Waldes sind die Käfer imstande, lange Distanzen (über 8 km) zu fliegen. Die Flugintensität war mit der Temperatur positiv korreliert. Bei Windgeschwindigkeiten über 1 m/s flogen die Käfer meist mit dem Wind; bei geringerer Windstärke zeigten sie die Tendenz, nach Rezeption von Pheromonen gegen den Wind zu fliegen. Die Zerstreuung und das Flugverhalten wurden vom Geschlecht, der Größe und dem Fettgehalt des Käfers nicht beeinflußt. Die adulten Käfer, die einen Baum verlassen, um eine 2. Brut anzulegen, waren im Mittel größer als solche, die im Baum verblieben. Die Weibchen hatten einen neuen Fettkörper aufgebaut, bevor sie den Stamm verließen.Es ist anzunehmen, daß die Zerstreuung und das Flugverhalten der Käfer die Wirksamkeit des Massenfangs als Bekämpfungsmaßnahme verringert. Es wird die Hypothese aufgestellt, daß eine abnehmende I. typographus-Population eine hohe Mortalität durch räuberische und parasitische Feinde erleidet. AU - Botterweg, P. F. DO - 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1982.tb02594.x IS - 1-5 PY - 1982 SN - 1439-0418 SP - 466-489 ST - Dispersal and flight behaviour of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus in relation to sex, size and fat content T2 - Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie TI - Dispersal and flight behaviour of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus in relation to sex, size and fat content UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1982.tb02594.x VL - 94 ID - 401 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Böttger, H. LB - boet86 PY - 1986 SP - 128-133 ST - Zur Frage der Ufergehöze und des Beschattungsgrades bei Bächen des Norddeutschen Tieflandes T2 - Landschaft und Stadt TI - Zur Frage der Ufergehöze und des Beschattungsgrades bei Bächen des Norddeutschen Tieflandes VL - 18 ID - 402 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Böttger, K. IS - 1 LB - boet86b PY - 1986 SP - 10-14 ST - Aspekte der Gehölzbeschattung und Zielvorstellungen der Renaturierungsmaßnahmen am Unteren Schierenseebach (Schleswig-Holstein), unter besonderer Herausstellung der Odonata T2 - Natur und Landschaft TI - Aspekte der Gehölzbeschattung und Zielvorstellungen der Renaturierungsmaßnahmen am Unteren Schierenseebach (Schleswig-Holstein), unter besonderer Herausstellung der Odonata VL - 61 ID - 403 ER - TY - JOUR AB - INTRODUCTION:Although rapid cooling and management of circulatory failure are crucial to the prevention of irreversible tissue damage and death in heatstroke, the evidence supporting the optimal cooling method and hemodynamic management has yet to be established.METHODS:A systematic review of all clinical studies published in Medline (1966 to 2006), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature) (1982 to 2006), and Cochrane Database was performed using the OVID interface without language restriction. Search terms included heatstroke, sunstroke, and heat stress disorders.RESULTS:Fourteen articles reported populations subjected to cooling treatment for classic or exertional heatstroke and included data on cooling time, neurologic morbidity, or mortality. Five additional articles described invasive monitoring with central venous or pulmonary artery catheters. The four clinical trials and 15 observational studies covered a total of 556 patients. A careful analysis of the results obtained indicated that the cooling method based on conduction, namely immersion in iced water, was effective among young people, military personnel, and athletes with exertional heatstroke. There was no evidence to support the superiority of any one cooling technique in classic heatstroke. The effects of non-invasive, evaporative, or conductive-based cooling techniques, singly or combined, appeared to be comparable. No evidence of a specific endpoint temperature for safe cessation of cooling was found. The circulatory alterations in heatstroke were due mostly to a form of distributive shock associated with relative or absolute hypovolemia. Myocardial failure was found to be rare.CONCLUSION:A systematic review of the literature failed to identify reliable clinical data on the optimum treatment of heatstroke. Nonetheless, the findings of this study could serve as a framework for preliminary recommendations in cooling and hemodynamic management of heatstroke until more evidence-based data are generated. AN - doi:10.1186/cc5910 AU - Bouchama, Abderrezak AU - Dehbi, Mohammed AU - Chaves-Carballo, Enrique IS - 3 PY - 2007 SN - 1364-8535 SP - R54 ST - Cooling and hemodynamic management in heatstroke: practical recommendations T2 - Critical Care TI - Cooling and hemodynamic management in heatstroke: practical recommendations UR - http://ccforum.com/content/11/3/R54 VL - 11 ID - 404 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bounoua, L. AU - Collatz, G. J. AU - Los, S. O. AU - Sellers, P. J. AU - Dazlich, D. A. AU - Tucker, C. J. AU - Randall, D. A. LB - boun00 PY - 2000 SP - 2292 ST - Sensitivity of Climate to Changes in NDVI T2 - J. Climate TI - Sensitivity of Climate to Changes in NDVI VL - 13 ID - 405 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bovenberg, A. L. AU - van der Ploeg, F. LB - bovenberg1998 PY - 1998 SP - 50--137 ST - Consequences of environmental tax reform for unemployment and welfare T2 - Environmental and Resource Economics TI - Consequences of environmental tax reform for unemployment and welfare VL - 12 ID - 406 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bradley, N. L. AU - Leopold, A. C. AU - Ross, J. AU - Huffaker, W. LB - brad99 PY - 1999 SP - 9701-9704 ST - Phenological changes reflect climate change in Wisconsin T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America TI - Phenological changes reflect climate change in Wisconsin VL - 96 ID - 407 ER - TY - SER A2 - Nations, United AU - Bradshaw, Sarah. CY - Santiago, Chile ET - 32 PB - Sustainable Development and Human Settlements División, Women and Development Unit PY - 2004 ST - Socio-economic impacts of natural disasters: a gender analysis. T3 - CEPAL-SERIE Manuales TI - Socio-economic impacts of natural disasters: a gender analysis UR - http://www.eclac.cl/publicaciones/xml/3/15433/lcl2128i.pdf ID - 3618 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bradshaw, W. E. AU - Holzapfel AU - C.M LB - brad01 PY - 2001 SP - 14509-14511 ST - Genetic shift in photoperiodic response correlated with global warming T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Genetic shift in photoperiodic response correlated with global warming VL - 98 ID - 408 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bradshaw, W.E. AU - Holzapfel AU - C.M. LB - brad01 PY - 2001 SP - 14509-14511 ST - Genetic shift in photoperiodic response correlated with global warming T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Genetic shift in photoperiodic response correlated with global warming VL - 98 ID - 409 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Braithwaite, Roger J. AU - Zhang, Yu DO - 10.3189/172756500781833511 IS - 152 PY - 2000 SP - 7-14 ST - Sensitivity of mass balance of five Swiss glaciers to temperature changes assessed by tuning a degree-day model T2 - Journal of Glaciology TI - Sensitivity of mass balance of five Swiss glaciers to temperature changes assessed by tuning a degree-day model UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/jog/2000/00000046/00000152/art00002http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756500781833511 VL - 46 ID - 3570 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brandonisio, O. AU - Carelli, G. AU - Ceci, L. AU - Consenti, B AU - Fasanella, A. AU - Puccini, V. KW - Leishmania Leishmaniasis Dog Epidemiology PY - 1992 SP - 273-276 ST - Canine Leishmaniasis in the Gargano Promontory (Apulia, South Italy) T2 - European Journal of Epidemiology TI - Canine Leishmaniasis in the Gargano Promontory (Apulia, South Italy) UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/3521157 VL - 8 ID - 410 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brang, P. AU - Bugmann, H. AU - Bürgi, A. AU - Mühlthaler, U. AU - Rigling, A. AU - Schwitter, R. PY - 2008 SP - 362 - 373 ST - Klimawandel als waldbauliche Herausforderung T2 - Schweizer Zeitschrift f. Forstwesen TI - Klimawandel als waldbauliche Herausforderung VL - 159 ID - 411 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Protection forests are forests that have as their primary function the protection of people or assets against the impacts of natural hazards. The main 'product' of these forests are standing trees which act as obstacles to downslope mass movements such as rockfalls, snow avalanches, erosion, landslides, debris flows, and floods.The protective effect of these forests is ensured only if the silvicultural system used and any natural disturbances that occur leave a sufficient amount of forest cover. Management has therefore to take a very long-term perspective.This paper presents an overview of the occurrence and delimitation, ecology, stand structures and dynamics, and resistance and resilience of protection forests in the European Alps, and of suitable silvicultural systems. Guidelines for managing protection forests, which were developed collaboratively by Swiss forest managers and scientists, are described as an example of standardized decisionmaking in protection forests. Future research on protection forests should be directed towards synthesising existing knowledge in the natural sciences, engineering, and economics. AU - Brang, P. AU - Schöneberger, W. AU - Frehner, M. AU - Schwitter, R. AU - Thormann, J.J., et al. KW - protection forest, natural hazards, forest dynamics, forest management, stand structure, European Alps, decision-making PY - 2006 SP - 23-44 ST - Man-agement of protection forests in the European Alps: an overview T2 - For. Snow Landsc. Res. TI - Man-agement of protection forests in the European Alps: an overview VL - 80 ID - 412 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Braukmann, U. LB - brau87 PY - 1987 SP - 1-355 ST - Zoozönologische und saprobiologische Beiträge zu einer allgemeinen regionalen Bachtypologie T2 - Arch. Hydrobiol./Beih. Ergebn. Limnol. TI - Zoozönologische und saprobiologische Beiträge zu einer allgemeinen regionalen Bachtypologie VL - 26 ID - 413 ER - TY - THES AU - Braun, F. CY - Wien PB - Univ. f. Bodenkultur PY - 2009 SP - 142 ST - Sommer-Bergtourismus im Klimawandel: Szenarien und Handlungsbedarf am Beispiel des hochalpinen Wegenetzes TI - Sommer-Bergtourismus im Klimawandel: Szenarien und Handlungsbedarf am Beispiel des hochalpinen Wegenetzes VL - Dr. ID - 414 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Braun, L.N. AU - Weber, M. AU - Schulz, M. IS - 1 LB - Braun2000 PY - 2000 SP - 19-25 ST - Consequences of climate change for runoff from Alpine regions T2 - Annals of Glaciology TI - Consequences of climate change for runoff from Alpine regions UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2000/00000031/00000001/art00005 VL - 31 ID - 3571 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Braun-Blanquet, J. CY - Wien PB - G. Fischer Verlag PY - 1964 SE - 865 ST - Pflanzensoziologie TI - Pflanzensoziologie ID - 415 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Institut für Gewässerphysik der GKSS, Universität Hamburg AB - In diesem Artikel werden einige der Ergebnisse des Projektes "The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change", vorgestellt. Für dieses Projekt wurde ein Fragebogen an 1.000 Wissenschaftler in den USA, Kanada und Deutschland verschickt. In den Antworten finden sich Ähnlichkeiten und Differenzen zwischen den einzelnen Ländergruppen. Hier sollen die Ergebnisse für die deutsche Forschergruppe im Vordergrund stehen. Deutsche Forscher zeigen im allgemeinen das größte Vertrauen in die Zuverlässigkeit von Klimamodellen. Sie geben in stärkerem Maße als die anderen Gruppen an, daß Klimawandel negative Auswirkungen für ihre Gesellschaft haben wird und glauben in stärkerem Maße an die Notwendigkeit politischer Maßnahmen, um dem Klimawandel zu begegnen. Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen finden sich auch in der Bewertung der Beziehung Wissenschaft - Politik. Deutsche Forscher haben, prozentual gesehen, den geringsten Kontakt mit Medien und Politik. Trotz dieser geringen Kontakte ist die deutsche Gruppe jene, die am stärksten die Meinung zum Ausdruck bringt, daß es Forscher gibt, die in der Lage sind, die sozialen Auswirkungen eines Klimawandels bewerten zu können. Wissenschaftler aller betrachteten Länder zeigen sich unzufrieden mit der gegenwärtigen Beziehung zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik. Wir glauben, daß die Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Gruppen das Ergebnis der unterschiedlichen sozio-historischen Kontexte sind, in denen sich die Wissenschaft in den einzelnen Ländern befindet. Dies weist auf die soziale Konstruktion des Gegenstandes "Klima" hin. 1 AU - Bray, D. AU - von Storch, H. AU - Rau, S. CY - Geesthacht PY - 2007 ST - Der Klimawandel: Sichtweisen und Interpretation. Ergebnisse des Projektes „The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change“ TI - Der Klimawandel: Sichtweisen und Interpretation. Ergebnisse des Projektes „The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change“ UR - http://coast.gkss.de/staff/storch/pdf/thyssen.deutsch.pdf ID - 416 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brázdil, R. AU - Trnka, M. AU - Dobrovolný, P. AU - Chromá, K. AU - Hlavinka, P. AU - Žalud, Z. IS - 3 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0177-798X PY - 2009 SP - 297 ST - Variability of droughts in the Czech Republic, 1881–2006 T2 - Theoretical and Applied Climatology TI - Variability of droughts in the Czech Republic, 1881–2006 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-008-0065-x VL - 97 ID - 417 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The extreme drought event that occurred in Western Europe during 2003 highlighted the need to understand the key processes that may allow trees and stands to overcome such severe water shortages. We therefore reviewed the current knowledge available about such processes. First, impact of drought on exchanges at soil-root and canopy-atmosphere interfaces are presented and illustrated with examples fromwater and CO 2 flux measurements. The decline in transpiration and water uptake and in net carbon assimilation due to stomatal closure has been quantified and modelled. The resulting models were used to compute water balance at stand level basing on the 2003 climate in nine European forest sites from the CARBOEUROPE network. Estimates of soil water deficit were produced and provided a quantitative index of soil water shortage and therefore of the intensity of drought stress experienced by trees during summer 2003. In a second section, we review the irreversible damage that could be imposed on water transfer within trees and particularly within xylem. A special attention was paid to the inter-specific variability of these properties among a wide range of tree species. The inter-specific diversity of hydraulic and stomatal responses to soil water deficit is also discussed as it might reflect a large diversity in traits potentially related to drought tolerance. Finally, tree decline and mortality due to recurrent or extreme drought events are discussed on the basis of a literature review and recent decline studies. The potential involvement of hydraulic dysfunctions or of deficits in carbon storage as causes for the observed long term (several years) decline of tree growth and development and for the onset of tree dieback is discussed. As an example, the starch content in stem tissues recorded at the end of the 2003's summer was used to predict crown conditions of oak trees during the following spring: low starch contents were correlated with large twig and branch decline in the crown of trees. © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2006. AD - UMR INRA UHP Forest Ecology and Ecophysiology, INRA, 54280 Champenoux, France Mediterranean Forest Research Unit, INRA, 84000 Avignon, France Bréda, N. UMR INRA UHP Forest Ecology and Ecophysiology, INRA, 54280 Champenoux, France email: breda@nancy.inra.fr AU - Bréda, N. AU - Huc, R. AU - Granier, A. AU - Dreyer, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1051/forest:2006042 IS - 6 J2 - Ann. Forest Sci. 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M1 - 25.07.2011 PY - 2008 ST - Schnee in Kitzbühel: Die Anpassung des Wintertourismus an die Klimaänderung. TI - Schnee in Kitzbühel: Die Anpassung des Wintertourismus an die Klimaänderung ID - 419 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Breiling, M. AU - P, Charamza AU - R, Skage O. LB - brei97 PY - 1997 SP - 3895/222-I/9/95 ST - Klimasensibilität österreichischer Bezirke mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Wintertourismus T2 - Endbericht des Forschungsauftrages des Österreichischen Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaftliche Angelegenheiten TI - Klimasensibilität österreichischer Bezirke mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Wintertourismus VL - 8, Projektnummer 18 3895/222-I/9/95 ID - 420 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BRENNER, H. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 181-182 ST - Beobachtungen über den Beginn von Maikäferflügen nach der Temperatursummenregel von Horber T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Beobachtungen über den Beginn von Maikäferflügen nach der Temperatursummenregel von Horber VL - 1 ID - 421 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bretherton, Christopher S. AU - Smith, Catherine AU - Wallace, John M. DA - June LB - bret92a N1 - dieser artikel vergleicht verschiedene methoden um den zusammenhang zwischen zwei zeitreihen zu beschreiben; CPCA, CCA, SVD; für diese methoden wird eine gemeins. notation eingeführt; und die methoden werden etwas erklärt; letzendlich werden sie auf einen datensatz angewendet und verglichen; CPCA findet am besten die gekopp. muster in summe aber wird der SVD der vorzug gegeben; PY - 1992 SP - 541 - 560 ST - An Intercomparison of Methods for Finding Coupled Patterns in Climate Data T2 - J. Climate TI - An Intercomparison of Methods for Finding Coupled Patterns in Climate Data VL - 5 ID - 422 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Brickenkamp, R. CY - Göttingen LB - brickenkamp2002 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Hogrefe PY - 2002 ST - Test d2 Aufmerksamkeits-Belastungs-Test TI - Test d2 Aufmerksamkeits-Belastungs-Test ID - 423 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Stubbe, H. AU - Briedermann, L. PY - 1985 SP - 210-233 ST - Gamswild - Rupicapra r. r. (L). In; Hrsgb.: T2 - Buch der Hege, Band 1, Haarwild TI - Gamswild - Rupicapra r. r. (L). In; Hrsgb ID - 424 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Briggs, L. LB - brig97 PY - 1997 SP - 188 ST - Population fluctuations of Rana dalmatina in relation to climatic conditions and landscape change T2 - Rana, Sonderheft TI - Population fluctuations of Rana dalmatina in relation to climatic conditions and landscape change VL - 2 ID - 425 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate change is expected to affect the Alps by increasing the frequency and intensity of summer drought events with negative impacts on ecosystem water resources. The response of CO 2 and H 2O exchange of a mountain grassland to natural fluctuations of soil water content was evaluated during 2001-2009. In addition, the physiological performance of individual mountain forb and graminoid plant species under progressive soil water shortage was explored in a laboratory drought experiment. During the 9-year study period the natural occurrence of moderately to extremely dry periods did not lead to substantial reductions in net ecosystem CO 2 exchange and evapotranspiration. Laboratory drought experiments confirmed that all the surveyed grassland plant species were insensitive to progressive soil drying until very low soil water contents (<0.01m 3m -3) were reached after several days of drought. In field conditions, such a low threshold was never reached. Re-watering after a short-term drought event (5±1days) resulted in a fast and complete recovery of the leaf CO 2 and H 2O gas exchange of the investigated plant species. We conclude that the present-day frequency and intensity of dry periods does not substantially affect the functioning of the investigated grassland ecosystem. During dry periods the observed " water spending" strategy employed by the investigated mountain grassland species is expected to provide a cooling feedback on climate warming, but may have negative consequences for down-stream water users. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. AD - Ionicon Analytik GmbH, Eduard-Bodem-Gasse 3, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Inst. of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria National Research Council, Institute for the Protection of Plants, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy ETH Zürich, Institute of Plant, Animal and Agroecosystem Sciences, Universitätsstr. 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland Wohlfahrt, G. Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: Georg.Wohlfahrt@uibk.ac.at AU - Brilli, F. AU - Hörtnagl, L. AU - Hammerle, A. AU - Haslwanter, A. AU - Hansel, A. AU - Loreto, F. AU - Wohlfahrt, G. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.07.007 IS - 12 J2 - Agric. For. Meterol. 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Kendrick, A. Meeraus and R. Raman CY - Washington D.C. PY - 1998 ST - GAMS: A User’s Guide TI - GAMS: A User’s Guide ID - 434 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brown, D. DA - August LB - brow00 PY - 2000 SP - 413 ST - When do frogs emerge from hibernation (and how do we know)? T2 - British Wildlife TI - When do frogs emerge from hibernation (and how do we know)? VL - 20 ID - 435 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brown, J. L. AU - Li AU - H, S. AU - Bhagabati AU - N LB - brow99 PY - 1999 SP - 5565-5569 ST - Long-term trend toward earlier breeding in an American bird: A response to global warming? T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Long-term trend toward earlier breeding in an American bird: A response to global warming? VL - 96 ID - 436 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brown, J. L. AU - Li AU - H., S. AU - Bhagabati AU - N. LB - brow99 PY - 1999 SP - 5565-5569 ST - Long-term trend toward earlier breeding in an American bird: A response to global warming? T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Long-term trend toward earlier breeding in an American bird: A response to global warming? VL - 96 ID - 437 ER - TY - GEN AU - Brown, L.C. AU - Forster, G.R. PY - 1987 SP - 379-386 ST - Storm erosivity using idealized intensity distributions T2 - Transactions of the ASAE TI - Storm erosivity using idealized intensity distributions VL - 30 ID - 438 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BRUCKHAUS, A. AU - BUCHNER, W. IS - 73 PY - 1995 SP - 435-465 ST - Hecken in der Agrarlandschaft: Auswirkungen auf Feldfruchtertrag und ökologische Kenngrößen T2 - Ber.Ldw TI - Hecken in der Agrarlandschaft: Auswirkungen auf Feldfruchtertrag und ökologische Kenngrößen ID - 439 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effects of warming on a montane meadow was simulated by a translocation experiment. A coherent piece of turf and soil was transferred from 600 m to 170 m a.s.l., corresponding to an increase in temperature of ca. 2.8 K. The vegetation was monitored by recording cover and counting individuals one year before the translocation and continued for the subsequent seven years. For comparison, a control plot that had also been translocated but remained at 600 m was monitored. Four of eight species with a montane distribution in Europe showed a constant degree of cover during the investigation period (Nardus stricta, Poa chaixii, Polygonatum verticillatum, Potentilla erecta). In contrast, another four montane species declined in cover or died out (Arnica montana, Meum athamanticum, Hypericum maculatum, Galium harcynicum). None of these species declined on the control plot. It is argued that the species' responded individualistically to the site factors that had changed with the translocation to low altitude. A direct effect of enhanced temperature was probably the reason for the decline of only one species (Meum athamanticum). Reduced humidity might be the reason for the extinction of two moisture demanding species (Viola palustris, Succisa pratensis). The biomass of the plot increased by increased growth of one of the matrix species (Festuca rubra), probably due to elevated nutrient mineralization. Many low growing species responded indirectly to the reduced light availability, caused by an increased level of competition for light (e.g. Galium harcynicum). Increased slug herbivory at low altitude resulted in the extinction of Arnica montana. At the end of the investigation period, the similarity in species composition to the initial state was only 45%, indicating that the community had changed into a different plant association. The importance of considering biotic interactions when predicting the impacts of climate change is discussed. AU - Bruelheide, H. PY - 2003 SP - 23-34 ST - Translocation of a montane meadow to simulate the potential impact of climate change T2 - Applied Vegetation Science TI - Translocation of a montane meadow to simulate the potential impact of climate change VL - 6 ID - 440 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brügger, R. AU - Vassella, A. LB - brue03 PY - 2003 SP - 287 ST - Pflanzen im Wandel der Jahreszeiten T2 - Geographica Bernensia, Geographisches Institut der Universität Bern, Schweiz TI - Pflanzen im Wandel der Jahreszeiten ID - 441 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bruijs, M. C. AU - Kelleher AU - B AU - Velde, Van der AU - G AU - Vaate, Bij de AU - A LB - brui01 PY - 2001 SP - 633-646 ST - Oxygen consumption, temperature and salinity tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus: indicators of further dispersal via ballast water transport T2 - Arch. hydrobiol. TI - Oxygen consumption, temperature and salinity tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus: indicators of further dispersal via ballast water transport VL - 15 ID - 442 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bruijs, M.C. AU - Kelleher AU - B. AU - Velde, Van der AU - G. AU - Vaate, Bij de AU - A. LB - brui01 PY - 2001 SP - 633-646 ST - Oxygen consumption, temperature and salinity tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus: indicators of further dispersal via ballast water transport T2 - Arch. hydrobiol. TI - Oxygen consumption, temperature and salinity tolerance of the invasive amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus: indicators of further dispersal via ballast water transport VL - 15 ID - 443 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A new daily precipitation dataset, for the period 1920-1998, comprising seven stations located in the northeastern Italy is presented. Seasonal and annual precipitation and number of rainy days have been analysed and a study aimed at investigating precipitation intensity and extreme events has been performed. Precipitation intensity has been analysed through studying both the mean precipitation amount per wet day and dividing precipitation into heavy and non-heavy classes. In addition, the return period of the extreme events has been calculated for 30-year running windows and its variations have been examined. The results show a negative trend in the number of wet days associated with an increase in the contribution of heavy rainfall events to total precipitation. This is in agreement with a reduction in return period for extreme events since 1920. AU - Brunetti, M. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Nanni, T. LB - brunetti2001 PY - 2001 SP - 861-871 ST - Changes in Total Precipitation, Rainy Days and Extreme Events in Northeastern Italy T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Changes in Total Precipitation, Rainy Days and Extreme Events in Northeastern Italy VL - 21 ID - 444 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The paper investigates precipitation variability in the greater Alpine region (GAR) (4-19°E, 43-49°N) based on 192 instrumental series of homogenized and outlier checked monthly precipitation and on the 1° gridded version of the same data set. Compared to the previous data sets, the one used in this paper adds a full century of data (earliest series starting in 1800) by exploiting the early instrumental period as much as possible in terms of series length and spatial density. The records were clustered into climatically homogeneous subregions, by means of a principal component analysis, and average subregional series were calculated. The principal component analysis was applied also in T-mode to investigate the most recursive precipitation patterns that characterize the examined area. Yearly and seasonal trend analysis was performed both on subregional average series and on the mean GAR series. It was also applied to moving windows, of variable width ranging from 2 decades to 2 centuries, in order to investigate any trends over decadal to secular timescales. Beside trends in total precipitation, precipitation seasonality was also analyzed as an important indicator of climate changes. Links between precipitation variability in the Alpine region and atmospheric circulation, and the North Atlantic Oscillation in particular, were also studied. Copyright 2006 by the American Geophysical Union. AD - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Italian National Research Council, via Gobetti, 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy Istituto di Fisica Generale Applicata, via Brera, 28, I-20121 Milan, Italy Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Hohe Warte 38, A-1190 Vienna, Austria Brunetti, M. Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, Italian National Research Council, via Gobetti, 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy email: m.brunetti@isac.cnr.it AU - Brunetti, M. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Nanni, T. AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Schöner, W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1029/2005JD006674 IS - 11 J2 - J. Geophys. Res. D Atmos. KW - Climate change Climatology Meteorological instruments Precipitation (meteorology) Principal component analysis Weather forecasting precipitation assessment principal component analysis trend analysis Alps Eurasia Europe LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 40 Art. No.: D11107 References: Auer, I., Niederschlagsschwankungen in Österreich (1993) Österreichische Beitr. Meteorol. Geophys., 7, pp. 1-73; Auer, I., Böhm, R., Combined temperature-precipitation variations in Austria during the instrumental period (1994) Theor. Appl. Climatol., 49, pp. 161-174; Auer, I., Böhm, R., Schöner, W., Austrian long-term climate 1767-2000, multiple climate time series from central Europe (2001) Österreichische Beitr. Meteorol. Geophys., 25, pp. 1-147; Auer, I., A new instrumental precipitation dataset for the greater Alpine region for the period 1800-2002 (2005) Int. J. Climatol., 25, pp. 139-166; Auer, I., HISTALP - Historical Instrumental Surface Climatological Time Series of the Alpine region (2006) Int. J. Climatol., , in press; Begert, M., Schlegel, T., Kirchhofer, W., Homogeneous temperature and precipitation series of Switzerland from 1864 to 2000 (2005) Int. J. Climatol., 25, pp. 65-80; Böhm, R., Auer, I., Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Nanni, T., Schöner, W., Regional temperature variability in the European Alps 1760-1998 from homogenized instrumental time series (2001) Int. J. Climatol., 21, pp. 1779-1801; Böhm, R., Der Alpine Niederschlagsdipol - Ein dominierendes Schwankungsmuster der Klimavariabilität in den Scales 100 km - 100 Jahre (2003) Terra Nostra, 6, pp. 61-65; Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Nanni, T., Atmospheric circulation and precipitation in Italy for the last 50 years (2002) Int. J. Climatol., 22, pp. 1455-1471; Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Monti, F., Nanni, T., Changes in daily precipitation frequency and distribution in Italy over the last 120 years (2004) J. Geophys. Res., 109. , D05102, doi:10.1029/2003JD004296; Brunetti, M., Maugeri, M., Monti, F., Nanni, T., Temperature and precipitation variability in Italy in the last two centuries from homogenized instrumental time series (2006) Int. J. Climatol., 26, pp. 345-381; Buffoni, L., Maugeri, M., Nanni, T., Precipitation in Italy from 1833 to 1996 (1999) Theor. Appl. Climatol., 63, pp. 33-40; Busuic, A., Chen, D., Hellstrom, C., Temporal and spatial variability of precipitation in Sweden and its link with the large-scale atmospheric circulation (2001) Tellus, Ser. A, 53, pp. 348-367; Førland, E.J., (1996) Manual for Operational Correction of Nordic Precipitation Data, p. 66. , Rep. 24/96, Norw. Meteorol. Inst., Oslo; Førland, E.J., Hanssen-Bauer, I., Increased precipitation in the Norwegian Arctic: True or false? (2000) Clim. Change, 46, pp. 485-509; Frei, C., Schär, C., A precipitation climatology of the Alps from high-resolution rain-gauge observations (1998) Int. J. Climatol., 18, pp. 873-900; Groisman, P.Y., Koknaeva, V.V., Belokrylova, T.A., Karl, T.R., Overcoming biases of precipitation measurement: A history of USSR experience (1991) Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 72, pp. 1725-1732; Hurrell, J.W., Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: Regional temperature and precipitation (1995) Science, 269, pp. 676-679; Hurrell, J.W., Van Loon, H., Decadal variation in climate associated with the north atlantic oscillation (1997) Clim. Change, 36, pp. 301-326; Joliffe, I.T., (1986) Principal Component Analyses, p. 271. , Springer, New York; Matulla, C., Auer, I., Böhm, R., Ungersböck, M., Schöner, W., Wagner, S., Zorita, E., Outstanding past decadal-scale climate events in the greater Alpine region analysed by 250 years data and model runs (2005), pp. 1-113. , GKSS-Rep., 2005/4 GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht GmbH, Hamburg, GermanyMoisselin, J.-M., Schmeider, M., Canellas, C., Mestre, O., Changements climatiques en France au 20ème siècle. Étude des longues séries de données homogénéisées franca̧ises de précipitations et temperatures (2002) Meteorologie, 38, pp. 45-56; Schmidli, J., Schmutz, C., Frei, C., Wanner, H., Schär, C., Mesoscale precipitation variability in the region of the European Alps during the 20th century (2002) Int. J. Climatol., 22, pp. 1049-1074; Schönwiese, C.D., Rapp, J., (1997) Climate Trend Atlas of Europe. Based on Observations 1901-1990, p. 228. , Springer, New York; Sevruk, B., Corrections of Precipitation Measurements (1986) WMO/IAHS/ETH Workshop, World Meteorol. Organ., , paper presented at, Zürich, Switzerland, 1-3 Apr; Sneyers, R., On the statistical analysis of series of observation (1990), p. 192. , Tech. Note 143 World Meteorol. Organ., Geneva, SwiterlandSumner, G., Homar, V., Ramis, C., Precipitation seasonality in eastern and southern coastal Spain (2001) Int. J. Climatol., 21, pp. 219-247; Türkes, M., Erlat, E., Climatological responses of winter precipitation in Turkey to variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation during the period 1930-2001 (2005) Theor. Appl. Climatol., 81, pp. 45-69; Widmann, M.L., Schär, C., A principal component and longterm trend analysi of daily precipitation in Switzerland (1997) Int. J. Climatol., pp. 1333-1356; Wilks, D.S., (1995) Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences, , Elsevier, New York PY - 2006 SN - 01480227 ST - Precipitation variability and changes in the greater Alpine region over the 1800-2003 period T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres TI - Precipitation variability and changes in the greater Alpine region over the 1800-2003 period UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33746583604&partnerID=40&md5=440a7b59649a1f14908438f1ea077d2e VL - 111 ID - 445 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper proposes a methodology to study daily precipitation series that include a significant proportion of missing data, without resorting to completion methods based on randomly generated numbers. It is applied to a data set consisting of 75 station records (1951-2000) covering the Italian territory. They are clustered by principal component analysis into six regions: the north-west, the northern part of the north-east, the southern part of the north-east, the centre, the south and the islands (i.e. Sicily and Sardinia). Complete annual and seasonal regional average series are obtained from the incomplete station records, and analysed for droughts and extreme precipitation events. Droughts are identified by means of two indicators: the longest dry period and the proportion of dry days. The most remarkable result is a systematic increase in winter droughts over all of Italy, especially in the north, due mainly to the very dry 1987-93 period. Extreme events are analysed considering 5 day regional totals. In this case, however, an attempt to search for a statistically significant trend is not successful because of the scarcity of events in such a short period. The reliability of the regional series is checked by computing some basic statistics concerning total precipitation, rainy days and precipitation intensity and comparing them with the same statistics computed for regional series obtained by station records completed with methods based on random number generators. AU - Brunetti, M. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Nanni, T. AU - Navarra, A. LB - brunetti2002 PY - 2002 SP - 543-558 ST - Droughts and Extreme Events in Regional Daily Italian Precipitation Series T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Droughts and Extreme Events in Regional Daily Italian Precipitation Series VL - 22 ID - 446 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Brunner, Conrad U. AU - Steinemann, Urs AU - Jürg, Nipkow PB - Bundesamt für Bauten und Logistik PY - 2008 ST - Bauen, wenn das Klima wärmer wird TI - Bauen, wenn das Klima wärmer wird ID - 447 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BRUSE, M. PY - 2004 ST - BUGS: Benefits of Urban Green Space, a research project supported by the Fifth Framework Programme and contributing to the implementation of the Key Action "City of tomorrow and cultural Heritage” within the Energy, Environment ans Sustainable Development, final report TI - BUGS: Benefits of Urban Green Space, a research project supported by the Fifth Framework Programme and contributing to the implementation of the Key Action "City of tomorrow and cultural Heritage” within the Energy, Environment ans Sustainable Development, final report ID - 448 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bryant, J. P. AU - Chapin AU - Klein, I. I. AU - D.R LB - brya83 PY - 1983 SP - 357-368 ST - Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory T2 - Oikos TI - Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory VL - 40 ID - 449 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bryant, J.P. AU - Chapin AU - Klein, I.I. AU - D.R. LB - brya83 PY - 1983 SP - 357-368 ST - Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory T2 - Oikos TI - Carbon/nutrient balance of boreal plants in relation to vertebrate herbivory VL - 40 ID - 450 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bsteh, O. PY - 1937 SP - 108 ST - Fälle von Tularämie. Wien T2 - Klin. Wschr. TI - Fälle von Tularämie. Wien VL - 50 ID - 451 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Buchanan, G. R. LB - buchanan1995 PB - McGRAW-Hill PY - 1995 SP - 264 ST - Theorie and problems of finite elements analysis T2 - Schaum's outline TI - Theorie and problems of finite elements analysis ID - 452 ER - TY - THES A3 - Helga, Kromp-Kolb AU - BUCHEBNER, J. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2011 SP - 175 ST - Changing Values - Werte und Wertewandel im Bereich nachhaltiger Entwicklung. T2 - Masterarbeit am Zentrum für Globalen Wandel und Nachhaltigkeit an der Universität für Bodenkultur TI - Changing Values - Werte und Wertewandel im Bereich nachhaltiger Entwicklung. VL - Master ID - 3511 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Wissenschaften, Akademie der AU - Buchgraber, K. CY - Wien PY - 2000 SP - 181-189 ST - Ertragspotentiale und Artenvielfalt auf Grünlandstandorten im Berggebiet. T2 - MAB-Forschungsbericht: Landschaft und Landwirtschaft im Wandel TI - Ertragspotentiale und Artenvielfalt auf Grünlandstandorten im Berggebiet. ID - 453 ER - TY - CONF AU - Buchgraber, K. CY - St. Georgen im Attergau PY - 2007 ST - Die Gemeine Rispe – Ein Problem in der intensiven Grünlandwirtschaft. T2 - Österreichische Grünland- und Viehwirtschaftstage für Gunstlagen "Die Wiese als Basis zum Erfolg" TI - Die Gemeine Rispe – Ein Problem in der intensiven Grünlandwirtschaft. ID - 454 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Buchgraber, K. AU - Gindl, G. CY - Graz PB - Leopold Stocker Verlag PY - 2004 SE - 52-55 ST - Zeitgemäße Grünlandbewirtschaftung TI - Zeitgemäße Grünlandbewirtschaftung VL - 2. Aufl. ID - 455 ER - TY - PCOMM AU - BUCK CY - Landesanstalt f. Umweltschutz, Stuttgart PY - 1981 ID - 456 ER - TY - JOUR AB - 1. Climate change, in combination with the impacts of land use, will give rise to new opportunities for grassland invasion. This paper reports on the repercussions of a field experiment. 2. Plant species, sown into experimental plots as part of a 6-year study investigating factors limiting the success of seedling invasions, were resurveyed in 1999, 3 years after terminating experimental manipulations of climate, soil fertility and disturbance. 3. The most dramatic observation was the protracted expansion in populations of Brachypodium pinnatum, despite being at the northern limit of its distribution in Britain. In contrast, all other sown species, including those of both southern and widespread distribution in Britain, had become extinct, declined or remained unchanged in abundance. 4. Patterns of establishment were strongly deterministic. Populations of the southern grass, B. pinnatum, were highest in areas of the experimental plots unamended by fertilizer and physical disturbance, but expansion was apparently promoted by cessation of management. Among invaders of widespread distribution, two were dependent upon fertilizer addition (Arrhenatherum elatius and Dactylis glomerata), one significantly increased its cover with a combination of fertilizer and disturbance (Holcus lanatus), and one benefited from disturbance (Plantago lanceolata). 5. Two southern perennials, Origanum vulgare and Senecio erucifolius, both remained present in 1999 in plots that were formerly heated and subject to drought (1991-96), whereas they had become extinct in control plots. 6. Although the most successful invader was a rhizomatous perennial grass, an alternative strategy for survival and expansion was revealed after the severe drought in 1995: gap recolonization by annuals with a persistent seed bank. 7. Most notably, this study revealed the hidden potential of a native species to establish beyond its current range of distribution and, contrary to many recognized weeds, the capacity to achieve dominance in the absence of eutrophication or disturbance. This high-lights the potent effects of climate change when plant traits effective for establishment coincide with the removal of current barriers to dispersal. AU - Buckland, S.M. AU - Thompson, K. AU - Hodgeson, J.G. AU - Grime, H.P. PY - 2001 SP - 301-309 ST - Grassland invasions: effects of manipulations of climate and management T2 - Journal of Applied Ecology TI - Grassland invasions: effects of manipulations of climate and management VL - 38 ID - 457 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper reviews scaling issues in forest succession modelling, focusing on forest gap models. Two modes of scaling are distinguished: (1) implicit scaling, i.e. taking scale-dependent features into account while developing model equations, and (2) explicit scaling, i.e. using procedures that typically involve numerical simulation to scale up the response of a local model in space and/or time. Special attention is paid to spatial upscaling methods, and downscaling is covered with respect to deriving scenarios of climatic change to drive gap models in impact assessments. When examining the equations used to represent ecological processes in forest gap models, it becomes evident that implicit scaling is relevant, but has not always been fully taken into consideration. A categorization from the literature is used to distinguish four methods for explicit upscaling of ecological models in space: (1) Lumping, (2) Direct extrapolation, (3) Extrapolation by expected value, and (4) Explicit integration. Examples from gap model studies are used to elaborate the potential and limitations of these methods, showing that upscaling to areas as large as 3000 km2 is possible, given that there are no significant disturbances such as fires or insect outbreaks at the landscape scale. Regarding temporal upscaling, we find that it is important to consider migrational lags, i.e. limited availability of propagules, if one wants to assess the transient behaviour of forests in a changing climate, specifically with respect to carbon storage and the associated feedbacks to the atmospheric CO2 content. Regarding downscaling, the ecological effects of different climate scenarios for the year 2100 were compared at a range of sites in central Europe. The derivation of the scenarios is based on (1) imposing GCM grid-cell average changes of temperature and precipitation on the local weather records; (2) a qualitative downscaling technique applied by the IPCC for central and southern Europe; and (3) statistical downscaling relating large-scale circulation patterns to local weather records. Widely different forest compositions may be obtained depending on the local climate scenario, suggesting that the downscaling issue is quite important for assessments of the ecological impacts of climatic change on forests. AU - Bugmann, Harald AU - Lindner, Marcus AU - Lasch, Petra AU - Flechsig, Michael AU - Ebert, Beatrix AU - Cramer, Wolfgang DO - 10.1023/A:1005603011956 IS - 3 LA - English N1 - Climatic Change PY - 2000 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 265-289 ST - Scaling Issues in Forest Succession Modelling T2 - Climatic Change TI - Scaling Issues in Forest Succession Modelling UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A%3A1005603011956 VL - 44 ID - 458 ER - TY - BOOK AU - BUHL, C. AU - SCHÜTTE, F. CY - Berlin und Hamburg PB - Verlag Paul Parey PY - 1971 ST - Prognose wichtiger Pflanzenschädlinge in der Landwirtschaft TI - Prognose wichtiger Pflanzenschädlinge in der Landwirtschaft ID - 459 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bühring, M. AU - Jung, E.G. CY - Stuttgart PB - Hippokrates PY - 1992 ST - UV-Biologie und Heliotherapie TI - UV-Biologie und Heliotherapie ID - 460 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buishand, T. A. AU - Brandsma, T. LB - buis00a PY - 2000 ST - Multi--site simulation of daily precipitaion and temperature in the Rhine basin by nearest--neighbor resampling T2 - Water Resour. Res. TI - Multi--site simulation of daily precipitaion and temperature in the Rhine basin by nearest--neighbor resampling VL - submitted ID - 461 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buiter, W.H. PY - 1988 SP - 279-293. ST - Death, birth, productivity growth and debt neutrality. T2 - The Economic Journal TI - Death, birth, productivity growth and debt neutrality VL - 98 ID - 462 ER - TY - JOUR AU - BULLMANN, O. AU - FABER, W. PY - 1958 SP - 33-159 ST - Studien zum Getreidewanzenproblem T2 - Pflanzenschutzberichte TI - Studien zum Getreidewanzenproblem VL - 20 ID - 463 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buma, Jelle AU - Dehn, Martin DA - May LB - buma00a N1 - Verwendung von drei verschiedenen Methoden zur Regionalisierung von Montaswerten von Temperatur und Niederschlag im Süd-Osten Frankreichs (Barcelonnette). -> nur eine station; Temperatur: direkte Interpolation von GCM Gitterwerten; Niederschlag: direkte Interpolation; ***niederschlag: ---"--- " --- " --- wozu dann MLR? > es wurden ja drei methoden verglichen: i)direkte interpolation, ii) MLR und > iii) analogmehtode MLR mit monatlichen SLP Feld (30-70N, 40W-40E),(4EOF), fitting period(28-57), validation period(58-91), mit "alten" NCEP Reanalyse ->r²=0.5(Feb). 0(Jul); Analogmethode: tägliches SLP-Feld mit den zwei vorangegangenen Tagen (5EOF) gleiche Zeiträume wie bei MLR ->r²=0.3(Jan).0(Jul); es wurden weiters drei verschiedene Klimascenarien untersucht (ECHAM4, HadCM2-GG, HadCM2-GS), dabei zeigt sich ein Temperaturanstieg zwischen 4.5 Grad(ECHAM4) und 3Grad(HadCM2-GS) bis 2100, bei direkter Interpolation der Gitterwerte; beim Niederschlag ergibt sich eine breite Streuung von Zu-und Abnahme bis 2099 sowohl was die Saisonen betrifft als auch für die unterschiedlichen Modelle und GCMs PY - 2000 SP - 69 - 81 ST - Impact of climate change on a landslide in South East France, simulated using different GCM scenarios and downscaling methods for local precipitation T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Impact of climate change on a landslide in South East France, simulated using different GCM scenarios and downscaling methods for local precipitation VL - 15 ID - 464 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (Hrsg.), BUND HAMBURG CY - Hamburg PB - Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland e.V. Landesverband Hamburg PY - 2010 ST - Lass wachsen, Hamburg! Über die Wichtigkeit von Grünräumen in der Stadt TI - Lass wachsen, Hamburg! Über die Wichtigkeit von Grünräumen in der Stadt ID - 465 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BAFU, BUNDESAMT FÜR ENERGIE – BFE und BUNDESAMT FÜR UMWELT – CY - Bern, Schweiz PB - BUNDESAMT FÜR ENERGIE – BFE und BUNDESAMT FÜR UMWELT – BAFU PY - 2010 ST - Holz als Rohstoff und Energieträger – Dynamisches Holzmarktmodell und Zukunftsszenarien – Schlussbericht. TI - Holz als Rohstoff und Energieträger – Dynamisches Holzmarktmodell und Zukunftsszenarien – Schlussbericht. ID - 3473 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BFS, BUNDESAMT FÜR STATISTIK – CY - Bern, Schweiz PY - 1998 ST - Studie über die zweite Holzverarbeitungsstufe in der Schweiz 1995 TI - Studie über die zweite Holzverarbeitungsstufe in der Schweiz 1995 ID - 3474 ER - TY - RPRT AU - BUNDESAMT FÜR UMWELT, WALD UND LANDSCHAFT – BUWAL ID - 3475 ER - TY - WEB AU - Hofburg, Bundesdenkmalamt CY - Wien M1 - 6.6.2011 PB - Bundesdenkmalamt Hofburg PY - 2011 ST - Richtlinie Energieeffizienz am Baudenkmal TI - Richtlinie Energieeffizienz am Baudenkmal UR - http://www.bda.at/documents/944221227.pdf ID - 466 ER - TY - WEB AU - Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung (BBSR) M1 - 9.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.stadtklimalotse.net/stadtklimalotse ID - 467 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bundesministerium für Familie, Soziales, Frauen und Jugend CY - Berlin N1 - (Hrsg.) PY - 2010 ST - Engagiert vor Ort - Wege und Erfahrungen von Kommunalpolitikerinnen TI - Engagiert vor Ort - Wege und Erfahrungen von Kommunalpolitikerinnen ID - 3619 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft CY - Wien N1 - (Hrsg.) PY - 2013 ST - Die Österreichische Strategie zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel, Teil 1 - Kontext TI - Die Österreichische Strategie zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel, Teil 1 - Kontext ID - 3620 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) PY - 2010 ST - Auf dem Weg zu einer nationalen Anpassungsstrategie T2 - Policy Paper. Arbeitspapier 2. Entwurf. TI - Auf dem Weg zu einer nationalen Anpassungsstrategie ID - 468 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) PY - 2000 ST - ÖPUL 2000 T2 - Sonderrichtlinie für das Österreichische Programm zur Förderung einer umweltgerechten, extensiven und den natürlichen Lebensraum schützenden Landwirtschaft TI - ÖPUL 2000 VL - Zl. 25.014/37-II/B8/00 ID - 469 ER - TY - CONF AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) AU - Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie (BMVIT) AU - (BMWA), Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit CY - Hofburg Wien PY - 2006 T2 - „Umweltfreundlich Reisen in Europa. Herausforderungen und Innovationen für Umwelt, Verkehr und Tourismus“ ID - 470 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft (BMLFUW) AU - Bundesministerium für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie (BMVIT) AU - (BMWA), Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2006 SP - 7 ST - „Umweltfreundlich Reisen in Europa. Herausforderungen und Innovationen für Umwelt, Verkehr und Tourismus“ - Abschlussdokument T2 - Konferenz-Report TI - „Umweltfreundlich Reisen in Europa. Herausforderungen und Innovationen für Umwelt, Verkehr und Tourismus“ - Abschlussdokument ID - 471 ER - TY - GEN AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, BMLFUW PY - 2006 SP - 79 ST - Richtlinien für die sachgerechte Düngung (6. A) TI - Richtlinien für die sachgerechte Düngung (6. A) ID - 472 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, BMLFUW CY - Wien PY - 2010 ST - Bericht über die Lage der österreichischen Landwirtschaft 2009 T2 - 51. Grüner Bericht TI - Bericht über die Lage der österreichischen Landwirtschaft 2009 ID - 473 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Bundesministerium für Soziale Sicherheit und Generation, Sektion für Frauenangelegenheiten CY - Wien N1 - (Hrsg.) PY - 1999 ST - Gender Mainstreaming, Begriffsschema, Methodologie und Darstellung nachahmenswerter Praktiken, Abschließender Bericht der Mainstreaming Expertengruppe (EG-S-MS) des Europarates, Zusammenfassung TI - Gender Mainstreaming, Begriffsschema, Methodologie und Darstellung nachahmenswerter Praktiken, Abschließender Bericht der Mainstreaming Expertengruppe (EG-S-MS) des Europarates, Zusammenfassung ID - 3621 ER - TY - GEN AU - BURFORD, G. AU - VELASCO, I. AU - STAPLETON, L.M. AU - HARDNER, M.K. PY - 2012 ST - Developing values- based sustainability indicators: an adaptive learning approach based on intersubjective multi-stakeholder dialogue T2 - University of Brighton TI - Developing values- based sustainability indicators: an adaptive learning approach based on intersubjective multi-stakeholder dialogue ID - 3513 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burford, Gemma AU - Velasco, Ismael AU - Janoušková, Svatava AU - Zahradnik, Martin AU - Hak, Tomas AU - Podger, Dimity AU - Piggot, Georgia AU - Harder, Marie K. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2012.04.005 IS - 1 KW - Values Process evaluation Participatory evaluation Utilisation-focused evaluation Indicators Peer generated Face validity Co-design Action research PY - 2013 SN - 0149-7189 SP - 1-14 ST - Field trials of a novel toolkit for evaluating ‘intangible’ values-related dimensions of projects T2 - Evaluation and Program Planning TI - Field trials of a novel toolkit for evaluating ‘intangible’ values-related dimensions of projects UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149718912000444 VL - 36 ID - 3512 ER - TY - JOUR AB - As study area we selected the glacier foreland of Morteratsch (approx. 1900-2100. m a.s.l.) near Pontresina northwest of the Bernina pass, Upper Engadine, Grisons (Switzerland). The aim of this study is a multimethodological approach using floristic inventories, vegetation and soil mapping of the pro-glacial area in order to detect crucial parameters controlling plant resettlement in recently deglaciated areas as related to time, local microtopography and soil development. The following methodological approaches were included in this study: (i) floristic relevees along a chronosequence covering 134 years (1857-1990); (ii) dendrochronological data on tree establishment, collected on a grid with a mesh width of 40. m in the area, which became ice-free between 1857 and 1980; (iii) vegetation mapping; (iv) soil analyses including physical and chemical properties of 11 typical profiles; (v) soil mapping and (vi) data evaluation using GIS. Retreating glaciers successively expose mineral substrates that are colonised within a few years by vascular plants, mosses, lichens and soil biota. With increasing plant cover, also the abundance of soil organic matter increases. At first sight, the large-scale patterns of vegetation and soil seem to be driven by the time since deglaciation, whereas the small scale patterns may appear chaotic since they depend on local site conditions, which may change dramatically over short distances. The large-scale pattern seems to develop as follows. About 7 years after deglaciation the first pioneer plants establish themselves and form after an additional 20 years period the Epilobietum fleischeri community, which today dominates the recently deglaciated areas, but may be found in patches more or less on the whole pro-glacial area. By contrast, the first elements of the short living Oxyrietum digynae community appear approximately 10 years after deglaciation and persist for only about 30 years. Dendrochronology showed that the first European larch and Swiss stone pine trees established themselves 15 and 31 years, respectively, after deglaciation. Surprisingly, on the study area, Swiss stone pine is about twice as frequent as the typical pioneer species European larch (88 stems per ha vs. 45 stems per ha), despite the fact that larch starts earlier and grows faster than Swiss stone pine (annual height increment: 21. cm vs. 8. cm). Up-to-now, however, nowhere in the 150-year-old glacier foreland a near-to-mature larch-Swiss stone pine forest can be found. Besides large-scale factors such as time since deglaciation, topography and disturbance (floods, rockfalls, avalanches), also small-scale factors such as grain size and water content of the substrate, micro-relief and micro-climate seem to be crucial for the development of both vegetation and soil. Time since deglaciation and a straightforward single-pathway succession model are clearly not sufficient for understanding the small-scale patterns of succession. A non-linear succession model with different starting points and different pathways of potential primary successions for the different ecological niches is more promising for describing accurately the spatio-temporal vegetation dynamics of the pro-glacial area of Morteratsch. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. AD - Department of Geography, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland Zürich University of Applied Sciences ZHAW, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Department of Geography University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland AU - Burga, C. A. AU - Krüsi, B. AU - Egli, M. AU - Wernli, M. AU - Elsener, S. AU - Ziefle, M. AU - Fischer, T. AU - Mavris, C. DO - Export Date 25 January 2011 Source Scopus IS - 9 KW - Glacier foreland Grain size Primary plant succession Soil development Swiss Alps Upper Engadine PY - 2010 SP - 561-576 ST - Plant succession and soil development on the foreland of the Morteratsch glacier (Pontresina, Switzerland): Straight forward or chaotic? T2 - Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants TI - Plant succession and soil development on the foreland of the Morteratsch glacier (Pontresina, Switzerland): Straight forward or chaotic? UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77956279385&partnerID=40&md5=e6f40d29bab9a31ba778491f1f88e447 VL - 205 ID - 474 ER - TY - WEB AU - BURGER, F. CY - Potsdam-Bornim M1 - 27.11.2008 PB - INSTITUT FÜR AGRARTECHNIK BORNIM e.V. PY - 2004 ST - Technologie und Ökonomie des Anbaus und der Ernte von Feldholz T2 - Energieholzproduktion in der Landwirtschaft: Potenzial, Anbau, Technologie, Ökologie und Ökonomie TI - Technologie und Ökonomie des Anbaus und der Ernte von Feldholz UR - http://www.dendrom.de/daten/downloads/ATB_Heft35.pdf ID - 475 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bürger, G. LB - buerger1996 PY - 1996 ST - Expanded downscaling for generating local weather scenarios T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Expanded downscaling for generating local weather scenarios VL - 7 ID - 476 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Bürger, Gerd DA - November LB - buerg96a N1 - Es wird das sogennante 'expanded downscaling' behandelt, dabei wird im Unterschied zum normalen statistischen Downscaling kein Link zwischen grosskaligen und lokalen Anomalien gesucht, sondern zwischen ihren Kovarianzen. Untersucht wurden 14 verschiedene Variablen (auf täglicher Basis)- intersannte Liste möglicher Variablen- für die Station Potsdam. Mehr Information nur bei sehr genauen durchlesen erfassbar. PY - 1996 SP - 111-128 ST - Expanded downscaling for generating local weather scenarios T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Expanded downscaling for generating local weather scenarios VL - 7 ID - 477 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burkhardt, Ulrike LB - burk95a N1 - CCA analysis zw. beobacteten 500hpa geopot. und niederschl. an 16 klimastationen (alpenraum) um eine relation festzustellen; diese wird dann bei verschiedenen echam versionen zwischen dem 500hpa feld und dem niederschlag an einigen modellpunkten um die alpen gesucht - kann sie gefunden werden ist die small scale performance gut; cm 23072001 PY - 1995 SP - 299-305 ST - Validation of the small-scale performance of a climate model T2 - Climate Dyn. TI - Validation of the small-scale performance of a climate model VL - 11 ID - 478 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burkhardt, Ulrike LB - burk99a N1 - stat. modell: cca zwischen alpine prec. und 500hpa geopot.; angew. auf 3xco2 szenario; resul.: preczunahme bis 6%, max. im süden der alpen! räuliche mittlere veränderung des geopot. (gcm-simuliert) wird abgezogen; modell unempf. gegenüber der anz. an verwendeter eofs; PY - 1999 SP - 289-303 ST - Alpine precipitation in a tripled CO2-climate T2 - Tellus TI - Alpine precipitation in a tripled CO2-climate VL - 51A ID - 479 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burn, D.H. IS - 1-4 PY - 1997 SP - 212-230 ST - Catchment similarity for regional flood frequency analysis using seasonality measures T2 - J. Hydrol. TI - Catchment similarity for regional flood frequency analysis using seasonality measures VL - 202 ID - 3572 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC01377779 AU - Burschel, Peter AU - Huss, Jürgen CY - Berlin ET - 2. Auflage KW - Waldbau - Lehrbuch BOK50 Waldbau Lehrbuch M1 - 49 N1 - Literaturangaben UBBW Hauptbibl. Lesesaal I-41525/49,2.Aufl. Nicht entlehnb. UBBW Dpt.Integrative Biologie Integrat. Naturforsch. 834-1366 am Inst. fragen UBBW FB Landschaftsplanung Bibliothek LAP-6583 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,1 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,10 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,11 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,12 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,13 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,14 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,15 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,16 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,17 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,18 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,19 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,2 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,20 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,21 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,3 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,4 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,5 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,6 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,7 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,8 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.40-2/2A,9 Entlehnbar UBBW FB SOWIRE Lesesaal F1-9313/2.Aufl. Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WB-5265/2.Aufl. Entlehnbar PB - Parey PY - 1997 SN - 3-8263-3045-5 SP - XVI, 487 S. ST - Grundriß des Waldbaus T2 - Pareys Studientexte TI - Grundriß des Waldbaus VL - 2. Auflage ID - 480 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burton, J. F. LB - burt95 PY - 1995 SP - 1995 ST - Birds and climate change TI - Birds and climate change ID - 481 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Burton, J. F. LB - burt01 PY - 2001 SP - 188-198 ST - The response of European insects to climate change T2 - British Wildlife TI - The response of European insects to climate change VL - 12 ID - 482 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buse, A. AU - Dury AU - J, S. AU - Woodburn AU - W, R. J. AU - Perrins AU - M, C. AU - Good AU - G, J. E. LB - buse99 PY - 1999 SP - 74-82 ST - Effects of elevated temperature on multi-species interactions: the case of the pendunculate oak, winter moth and tits T2 - Functional Ecol. TI - Effects of elevated temperature on multi-species interactions: the case of the pendunculate oak, winter moth and tits VL - 13 ID - 483 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buse, A. AU - Dury AU - J., S. AU - Woodburn AU - W., R. J. AU - Perrins AU - M., C. AU - Good AU - G., J. E. LB - buse99 PY - 1999 SP - 74-82 ST - Effects of elevated temperature on multi-species interactions: the case of the pendunculate oak, winter moth and tits T2 - Functional Ecol. TI - Effects of elevated temperature on multi-species interactions: the case of the pendunculate oak, winter moth and tits VL - 13 ID - 484 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buse, A. AU - Good AU - J.E.G LB - buse96 PY - 1996 SP - 335-343 ST - Synchronisation of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L T2 - and budburst in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) under simulated climate change. Ecological Entomology TI - Synchronisation of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L VL - 21 ID - 485 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buse, A. AU - Good AU - J.E.G. LB - buse96 PY - 1996 SP - 335-343 ST - Synchronisation of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L T2 - and budburst in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) under simulated climate change. Ecological Entomology TI - Synchronisation of larval emergence in winter moth (Operophtera brumata L VL - 21 ID - 486 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Busuioc, A. AU - von Storch, H. LB - busu96a PY - 1996 SP - 538-552 ST - Changes in the winter precipitation in Romania and its relation to the large-scale circulation T2 - Tellus TI - Changes in the winter precipitation in Romania and its relation to the large-scale circulation VL - 48A ID - 487 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Busuioc, Aristita AU - von Storch, Hans AU - Reiner, Schnur LB - busuioc1999 PY - 1999 SP - 258-272 ST - Verification of GCM-generated regional saesonal precipitation for current climate and of statistical downscaling estimates under changing climate conditions T2 - J. Climate TI - Verification of GCM-generated regional saesonal precipitation for current climate and of statistical downscaling estimates under changing climate conditions VL - 12 ID - 488 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Busuioc, Aristita AU - von Storch, Hans AU - Schnur, Reiner LB - busu99a N1 - Saisionaler Niederschlag für Rumänien(14 Stationen, Monatssummen (1901- 1990); NCEP(alte) und ECHAM3 T21 und T42; Prädiktor: monatlicher SLP(30-55N/5-50E); saisonale Abbildung (Transferfunktion); Methode: CCA - ersten zwei EOF; es zeigen sich gute Korrelationen (Werte werden nicht angeben) nicht jedoch im Frühling, bei 2xCO2 solwohl Zu- als auch Abnahme des Niederschlages bis 2050 (regional unterschiedlich), SLP scheint geeigent für saisonalen und lokalen Niederschlag NG 14082001 PY - 1999 SP - 258 -- 272 ST - Verification of GCM-Generated Regional Seasonal Precipitation for Current Climate and of Statistical Downscaling Estimates under Changing Climate Conditions T2 - J. Climate TI - Verification of GCM-Generated Regional Seasonal Precipitation for Current Climate and of Statistical Downscaling Estimates under Changing Climate Conditions VL - 12 ID - 489 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Butler, C. J. LB - butl03 PY - 2003 SP - 484-495 ST - The disproportionate effect of global warming on the arrival dates of short-distance migratory birds in North America T2 - Ibis TI - The disproportionate effect of global warming on the arrival dates of short-distance migratory birds in North America VL - 14 ID - 490 ER - TY - GEN AU - BUWAL, Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft et al. (Hrsg.) CY - Bern PY - 2001 SP - 42 ST - Berücksichtigung der Massenbewegungsgefahren bei raumwirksamen Tätigkeiten – Empfehlungen 1997 TI - Berücksichtigung der Massenbewegungsgefahren bei raumwirksamen Tätigkeiten – Empfehlungen 1997 ID - 491 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Buzzi, A. AU - D'Isidoro, M. AU - Davolio, S. AU - Malguzzi, P. LB - buzzi2003 PY - 2003 SP - 24-27 ST - Numerical assessment of MAP episodes of heavy precipitation using high resolution reanalyses and assimilation of surface data T2 - ICAM and MAP Meeting, Brig, Switzerland TI - Numerical assessment of MAP episodes of heavy precipitation using high resolution reanalyses and assimilation of surface data VL - Preprints ID - 492 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (Hrsg.), BVB (= BUNDESVERBAND BODEN e.V.) CY - Berlin, BadenWÜ PY - 2005 SP - 78 ST - Biologische Charakterisierung von Böden – Ansatz zur Bewertung von Bodenorganismen im Rahmen von Planungsprozessen. – BVB-Materialien TI - Biologische Charakterisierung von Böden – Ansatz zur Bewertung von Bodenorganismen im Rahmen von Planungsprozessen. – BVB-Materialien VL - Band 13 ID - 3384 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Byatt, I., I. Castles, I.M. Goklany, D. Henderson, N. Lawson, R. McKitrick, J. Morris, A. Peacock, C. Robinson, and R. Skidelsky , Part II: Economic Aspects, World Economics 7, October–December: 199-232. IS - 4 N1 - (2006) (4) PY - 2006 SP - 199-232 ST - The Stern Review: A Dual Critique Part II: Economic Aspects T2 - World Economics TI - The Stern Review: A Dual Critique Part II: Economic Aspects VL - 7 ID - 493 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Byers, J. E. LB - byer02 PY - 2002 SP - 449-458 ST - Impact of non-indigenous species on natives enhanced by anthropogenic alteration of selection regimes T2 - Oikos TI - Impact of non-indigenous species on natives enhanced by anthropogenic alteration of selection regimes VL - 97 ID - 494 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Context  Associations have been found between day-to-day particulate air pollution and increased risk of various adverse health outcomes, including cardiopulmonary mortality. However, studies of health effects of long-term particulate air pollution have been less conclusive. Objective  To assess the relationship between long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution and all-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants  Vital status and cause of death data were collected by the American Cancer Society as part of the Cancer Prevention II study, an ongoing prospective mortality study, which enrolled approximately 1.2 million adults in 1982. Participants completed a questionnaire detailing individual risk factor data (age, sex, race, weight, height, smoking history, education, marital status, diet, alcohol consumption, and occupational exposures). The risk factor data for approximately 500 000 adults were linked with air pollution data for metropolitan areas throughout the United States and combined with vital status and cause of death data through December 31, 1998. Main Outcome Measure  All-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality. Results  Fine particulate and sulfur oxide–related pollution were associated with all-cause, lung cancer, and cardiopulmonary mortality. Each 10-µg/m3 elevation in fine particulate air pollution was associated with approximately a 4%, 6%, and 8% increased risk of all-cause, cardiopulmonary, and lung cancer mortality, respectively. Measures of coarse particle fraction and total suspended particles were not consistently associated with mortality. Conclusion  Long-term exposure to combustion-related fine particulate air pollution is an important environmental risk factor for cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality. AU - C. Arden Pope III, Richard T. Burnett, Michael J. Thun, Eugenia E. Calle, Daniel Krewski, Kazuhiko Ito, George D. Thurston DO - 10.1001/jama.287.9.1132 IS - 9 KW - air pollutants, environmental, environmental exposure, epidemiologic studies, lung neoplasms, mortality. PY - 2002 SP - 1132-1141 ST - Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality, and Long-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution T2 - JAMA TI - Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality, and Long-term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution VL - 287 ID - 495 ER - TY - JOUR AU - C.C LB - cc02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-48 ST - Das Klima ändert sich - auch in der Schweiz T2 - Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des dritten Wissenstandsberichtes des IPCC aus Sicht der Schweiz. TI - Das Klima ändert sich - auch in der Schweiz ID - 496 ER - TY - JOUR AU - C.C. LB - cc02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-48 ST - Das Klima ändert sich - auch in der Schweiz T2 - Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse des dritten Wissenstandsberichtes des IPCC aus Sicht der Schweiz. TI - Das Klima ändert sich - auch in der Schweiz ID - 497 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Total columnar ozone has been decreasing over middle latitudes (20°–60°) between 1979 and December 2000 at rates of about 4% in winter/spring and about 2% per decade in the summer. Total ozone trends through 1997 and through 2000 differ only over the middle and high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. This long-term trend was interrupted by periods of enhanced volcanic activity, which resulted to significant ozone losses (more than 5% per year) following large volcanic eruptions (El Chichon in 1982 and particularly Mt Pinatubo in 1991). Linked to the ozone decrease are well-documented global increases of the harmful UV-B solar radiation levels reaching ground level. Through 1997 the erythemal dose over middle latitudes in clear skies was increasing at rates exceeding 5% per decade while the solar UV irradiance at the lower wavelengths was increasing by more than 10% per decade, partly enhanced by the decrease of air pollutants such as sulfur dioxide in the case of Thessaloniki. However, evidence is presented in this study that during the last decade (1990–2001) over Thessaloniki, the ozone trend was smaller the order of −1.5% per decade. Also the associated increasing trends in the erythemal dose and at 305 nm are smaller not exceeding +2% and +4% per decade respectively under clear skies. The long-term UV variability has a QBO component, which cannot be overlooked, even in comparison with the amplitude of the annual cycle. AU - C.S, Zerefos IS - 6-8 KW - Ozone Solar UV radiation Long-term variations N1 - doi: 10.1016/S1474-7065(02)00026-8 PY - 2002 SN - 1474-7065 SP - 455-460 ST - Long-term ozone and UV variations at Thessaloniki, Greece T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C TI - Long-term ozone and UV variations at Thessaloniki, Greece UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474706502000268 VL - 27 ID - 498 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Visceral leishmaniasis occurring in immunocompromised patients, and in particular during HIV infection, has been described in recent years and differs from the usual Mediterranean kala-azar as encountered in France. In order to define the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of the HIV-Leishmania spp. co-infection, we report 8 new cases and compare them with data from the literature. The co-infection occurs at any stage of HIV infection, usually in drug addicts using intravenous injections. Clinical manifestations, such as fever, weight loss, liver and spleen enlargement and polyadenopathy, and laboratory findings (cytoponia, inflammatory syndrome) are generally present but not specific during the HIV infection course. Moreover, some gastrointestinal and pleuropulmonary forms of the co-infection are misleading. Leishmaniasis serology is negative in 50 percent of the patients. In most cases the diagnosis is provided by detection of the parasite in bone marrow samples. Culture must be systematic, and samplings must be repeated if they are negative. The first-line treatment consists of pentavalent antimony. Almost 80 percent of the patients respond to this treatment, but relapses occur in 50 percent of the cases. This high risk of relapse and the opportunistic behaviour of leishmaniasis justify a prophylaxis of relapses. AU - Cabié, A. AU - Matheron, S. AU - Leprètre, A. AU - Bouchaud, O. AU - Deluol, A.M. AU - Coulaud, J.P. LA - France PY - 1992 SP - 1658-1662 ST - Visceral leishmaniasis in HIV infection. A totally opportunistic infection T2 - Presse Medicale TI - Visceral leishmaniasis in HIV infection. A totally opportunistic infection VL - 21 ID - 499 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cade, Brian S. AU - Noon, Barry R. 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AD - Global Carbon Project, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia Canadell, J. G. Global Carbon Project, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, GPO Box 3023, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia email: pep.canadell@csiro.au AU - Canadell, J. G. AU - Raupach, M. R. 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This paper is a contribution to the Global Carbon Project (GCP) of the Earth System Science Partnership. We thank the Australian Climate Change Research Program for supporting the GCP office in CanberraUR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-45849121032&partnerID=40&md5=960ad66d601644b91d697f7796653659 PY - 2008 SN - 00368075 SP - 1456-1457 ST - Managing forests for climate change mitigation T2 - Science TI - Managing forests for climate change mitigation VL - 320 ID - 504 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cannon, R. J. C. LB - cann98 PY - 1998 SP - 785-796 ST - The implications of predicted climate change for inset pests in the UK, with emphasis on non-indigenous species T2 - Global Change Biology TI - The implications of predicted climate change for inset pests in the UK, with emphasis on non-indigenous species VL - 4 ID - 505 ER - TY - WEB AU - CAPRIEL P., RIPPEL R. PY - 2007 SP - http://www.lfl.bayern.de/iab/bodenschutz/12458/ ST - Humusbilanz für Beratung in Bayern TI - Humusbilanz für Beratung in Bayern ID - 506 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Carmignola, G. CY - Bozen PB - Athesia PY - 2000 ST - Das Steinwild in Südtirol TI - Das Steinwild in Südtirol ID - 507 ER - TY - WEB AU - Science, Carnegie Institution for M1 - 30.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://dge.stanford.edu/about/building/Sus_features.pdf ID - 508 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Summary * • Tree rings are widely used long-term proxy data which, if combined with long-term instrumental climate records, can provide excellent information on global climate variability. This research aimed to determine whether interannual climate–growth responses in Alpine treeline forests are stationary over time. * • We used tree-ring width chronologies of Larix decidua (European larch) from 17 sites and monthly temperatures and precipitation data for the period 1800–1999. Climate–growth relationships were assessed with correlation and response functions, and their stationarity and consistency over time were measured using moving correlation. * • Tree-ring chronologies showed similar interannual variations over the last two centuries, suggesting that the same climatic factors synchronously limited growth at most sites. The most sensitive variables showed significant transient responses varying within the time period, indicating a possible deviation from the uniformitarian principle applied to dendroclimatology. * • If these findings are confirmed in future studies on other species and in other regions, we suggest that time-dependent variables should be taken into account to avoid overestimation of treeline advance, future forest carbon storage in temperature-limited environments and inaccurate reconstruction of past climate variability. AU - Carrer, Marco AU - Urbinati, Carlo DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01703.x IS - 4 KW - climate–growth responses dendroclimatology Larix decidua (European larch) moving correlation function tree ring uniformitarian principle PY - 2006 SN - 1469-8137 SP - 861-872 ST - Long-term change in the sensitivity of tree-ring growth to climate forcing in Larix decidua T2 - New Phytologist TI - Long-term change in the sensitivity of tree-ring growth to climate forcing in Larix decidua UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01703.x VL - 170 ID - 509 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Cartalis C., A. Synodinou, M. Prodedrou, A. Tsangrassoulis, M. 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IS - D24 LB - char1999a PY - 1999 SP - 31657--31669 ST - A spatio-temporal model for downscaling precipitation occurrence and amounts T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - A spatio-temporal model for downscaling precipitation occurrence and amounts VL - 104 ID - 529 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Charlson, R. J. AU - Schwarz, S. E. AU - Hales, J. M. AU - Cess, R. D. AU - Coakley, J. A. AU - Hansen, J. E. AU - Hofmann, D. J. LB - char1992a PY - 1992 SP - 423-430 ST - Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols T2 - Science TI - Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols VL - 255 ID - 530 ER - TY - JOUR AB - · Context Drought and frost resistances are key factors for the survival and distribution of tree species. · Aims In this study, the vulnerability to drought-induced embolism and frost resistance of four species were analysed, whereby different sites and altitudes were compared and seasonal variation was considered. · Methods Fagus sylvatica L., Sorbus aucuparia L., Picea abies L. Karst and Larix decidua Mill samples were harvested at high and low altitude sites in France and Austria, respectively, and sampling occurred in winter and summer. Pressure at 50% loss of conductivity (P 50), specific hydraulic conductivity (ks) and temperature lethal for 50% of cells (LT50) were determined, and soluble carbohydrate and starch content were quantified. · Results No site-, altitude- or season-specific trend in P50 was observed, except for S. aucuparia, which showed P50 to decrease with altitude. Within regions, ks tended to decrease with altitudes. LT50 was between -48.4°C (winter) and -9.4°C (summer) and more negative in Tyrolean trees. Starch content was overall lower and carbohydrate content higher in winter than in summer, no site-specific or altitudinal trend was observed. · Conclusion Studied species obviously differed in their strategies to withstand to frost and drought, so that siterelated, altitudinal and seasonal patterns varied. © INRA/Springer-Verlag France 2011. AD - Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria INRA, UMR A547 PIAF, Site INRA de Crouelle, 234 av. du Brezet, 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, UMR A547 PIAF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France Charra-Vaskou, K. Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestr. 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: katline.charra-vaskou@uibk.ac.at AU - Charra-Vaskou, K. AU - Charrier, G. AU - Wortemann, R. AU - Beikircher, B. AU - Cochard, H. AU - Ameglio, T. AU - Mayr, S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s13595-011-0160-5 IS - 3 J2 - Ann. Forest Sci. 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Many case reports in travelers and clinical research and epidemiologic studies conducted around the Mediterranean region have shown that TOSV has a tropism for the central nervous system (CNS) and is a major cause of meningitis and encephalitis in countries in which it circulates. In central Italy, TOSV is the most frequent cause of meningitis from May to October, far exceeding enteroviruses. In other northern Mediterranean countries, TOSV is among the 3 most prevalent viruses associated with meningitis during the warm seasons. Therefore, TOSV must be considered an emerging pathogen. Here, we review the epidemiology of TOSV in Europe and determine questions that should be addressed in future studies. Despite increasing evidence of its major role in medicine as an emerging cause of CNS infections, TOSV remains an unstudied pathogen, and few physicians are aware of its potential to cause CNS infections. AU - Charrel, R.N. AU - Gallian, P. AU - Navarro-Mari, J.M. AU - Nicoletti, L. AU - Papa, A. AU - Sánchez-Seco, M.P. AU - Tenorio, A. AU - de Lamballerie, X. PY - 2005 SP - 1657-1663 ST - Emergence of Toscana virus in Europe T2 - Emerg Infect Dis TI - Emergence of Toscana virus in Europe VL - 11 ID - 532 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chauvel, B. Dessaint F. Cardinal-Legrand C. AU - Bretagnolle, F. PY - 2006 SP - 665-673 ST - The historical spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in France from herbarium records T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - The historical spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in France from herbarium records VL - 33 ID - 533 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chauvel, B., Dessaint, F., Cardinal-Legrand, C. AU - Bretagnolle, F. PY - 2006 SP - 665-673 ST - The historical spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in France from herbarium records T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - The historical spread of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in France from herbarium records VL - 33 ID - 534 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chen, X. AU - Pan, W. LB - chen02 PY - 2002 SP - 1781-1792 ST - Relationships among phenological growing season, time-integrated normalized difference vegetation index and climate forcing in the temperate region of eastern China T2 - Int. J. Climatol TI - Relationships among phenological growing season, time-integrated normalized difference vegetation index and climate forcing in the temperate region of eastern China VL - 22 ID - 535 ER - TY - JOUR AU - CHEVIN, H. PY - 1968 SP - 128 - 140 ST - Influence de la plante-hôte sur le cycle évolutif de deux éspèces de Gastrophysa T2 - Bull. Soc. Entom. France TI - Influence de la plante-hôte sur le cycle évolutif de deux éspèces de Gastrophysa VL - 73 ID - 536 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chiari, H. PY - 1937 SP - 1015-1019 ST - Über Tularämie T2 - Med. Wschr. TI - Über Tularämie VL - 40 ID - 537 ER - TY - WEB AU - Environment, Chicago Department of M1 - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.chicagoclimateaction.org/pages/adaptation/49.php ID - 538 ER - TY - WEB AU - Initiative, Chicago Trees M1 - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.chicagotrees.net/ ID - 539 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Childs, C. PY - 2004 ST - Interpolating Surfaces in ArcGIS Spatial Analyst TI - Interpolating Surfaces in ArcGIS Spatial Analyst ID - 540 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Chistakos, G. LB - chri00ab PB - Oxford University Press PY - 2000 SP - 288 ST - Modern Spatial Geostatistics TI - Modern Spatial Geostatistics ID - 541 ER - TY - GEN AU - K., Chladek AU - A., Zotz AU - B., Bohusch AU - Ch., Baumgartner AU - M., Leuthold AU - W., Mehl PY - 2007 ST - Fact Sheet Klimawandel und Tourismus – die Zusammenhänge TI - Fact Sheet Klimawandel und Tourismus – die Zusammenhänge ID - 542 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chmielewski, F. M. AU - Rötzer, T. LB - chmi01 PY - 2001 SP - 101-112 ST - Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe ID - 543 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chmielewski, F. M. AU - Rötzer, T. LB - chmi02 PY - 2002 SP - 257-264 ST - Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of the growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes T2 - Climate Research TI - Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of the growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes VL - 19 ID - 544 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Chmielewski, F.-M. AU - Hupfer, P. AU - Kuttler, W. CY - Wiesbaden PB - B.G. Teubner Verlag PY - 2005 SN - 3-8351-0096-3 SP - 543 ST - Witterung und Klima T2 - Eine Einführung in die Meteorologie und Klimatologie TI - Witterung und Klima VL - 11.Aufl. ID - 545 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chmielewski, F.-M. AU - Rötzer, T. LB - chmi2001a PY - 2001 SP - 101--112 ST - Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe. T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Response of tree phenology to climate change across Europe VL - 108 ID - 546 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Chmielewski, F.M. AU - Rötzer, T. LB - chmi02 PY - 2002 SP - 257-264 ST - Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of the growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes T2 - Climate Research TI - Annual and spatial variability of the beginning of the growing season in Europe in relation to air temperature changes VL - 19 ID - 547 ER - TY - BOOK AU - CHOUGOUROU, D. C. CY - Berlin ET - 1. Aufl. PB - Verl. Köster PY - 1997 ST - Untersuchungen über die Wirkung insektizider Naturstoffe auf ausgewählte Baumwollschädlinge (Aphis gossypii Glov., Bemisia tabaci Gen., Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith, Helicoverpa armigera Hbn.) unter Labor- und Gewächshausbedingungen TI - Untersuchungen über die Wirkung insektizider Naturstoffe auf ausgewählte Baumwollschädlinge (Aphis gossypii Glov., Bemisia tabaci Gen., Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith, Helicoverpa armigera Hbn.) unter Labor- und Gewächshausbedingungen ID - 548 ER - TY - RPRT AU - H., Christensen J. M1 - PRUDENCE EVK2-)CT2001-00132 –Final Report PY - 2004 ST - Prediction of Regional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining European Climate change risks and Effects. PRUDENCE EVK2-)CT2001-00132 –Final Report. http://prudence.dmi.dk TI - Prediction of Regional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining European Climate change risks and Effects UR - http://prudence.dmi.dk ID - 549 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Christensen, J. H. AU - Christensen, O. B. LB - christensen2002 PY - 2002 SP - 805 f. ST - Severe Summertime Flooding in Europe T2 - Nature TI - Severe Summertime Flooding in Europe VL - 421 ID - 550 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.) AU - CHRISTENSEN, J. H. AU - HEWITSON, B. AU - BUSUIOC, A. AU - CHEN, A. AU - GAO, X. AU - HELD, I. AU - JONES, R. AU - KOLLI, R. K. AU - KWON, W.-T. AU - LAPRISE, V. AU - MAGAÑA REUDA, V. AU - MEARNS, L. AU - MENÉDEZ, C. G. R. AU - J. RINKE, A. AU - SARR, A. AU - WHETTON, P. CY - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PY - 2007 ST - Regional Climate Projections T2 - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Regional Climate Projections ID - 551 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K.B., Tignor, M., Miller, H.L. (eds.) AU - Christensen, J.H. AU - Hewitson, B. AU - Busuioc, A. AU - Chen, A. AU - Gao, X. AU - Held, I. AU - Jones, R. AU - Kolli, R.K. AU - Kwon, W.T. AU - Laprise, R. AU - Magaña Rueda, V. AU - Mearns, L. AU - Menéndez, C.G. AU - Räisänen, J. AU - Rinke, A. AU - Sarr, A. AU - Whetton, P. CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2007 ST - Regional Climate Projections T2 - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Regional Climate Projections ID - 552 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Christensen, Jens AU - Christensen, Ole IS - 0 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0165-0009 PY - 2007 SP - 7 ST - A summary of the PRUDENCE model projections of changes in European climate by the end of this century T2 - Climatic Change TI - A summary of the PRUDENCE model projections of changes in European climate by the end of this century UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9210-7 VL - 81 ID - 553 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Heavy and/or extended precipitation episodes with subsequent surface runoff can inflict catastrophic property damage and loss of human life. Thus, it is important to determine how the character of such events could change in response to greenhouse gas-induced global warming. Impacts of climate warming on severe precipitation events in Europe on a diurnal time scale were investigated with a high-resolution regional climate model for two of the greenhouse gas emission scenarios constructed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC; Nakicenovic, N., et al., 2000, IPCC special report on emission scenarios, 599 pp., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK). A series of 30-year time slice experiments were conducted for periods representing the present (1961–1990) and the future (2071–2100). The large-scale initial and lateral boundary conditions were imposed from two different global models both originating from fully transient climate change simulations. Here, we show that although the summer time precipitation decreases over a substantial part of Europe in the scenarios analysed, an increase in the amount of precipitation exceeding the present-day 99th and in most cases even the 95th percentile is found for large areas. An analysis of daily precipitation over the entire European river catchments confirms this observation. AU - Christensen, O. B. AU - Christensen, J. H. IS - 1-4 KW - Precipitation episodes Greenhouse gas Climate model N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2004.06.013 PY - 2004 SN - 0921-8181 SP - 107-117 ST - Intensification of extreme European summer precipitation in a warmer climate T2 - Global and Planetary Change TI - Intensification of extreme European summer precipitation in a warmer climate UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818104001006 VL - 44 ID - 554 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Christenson M., H. Manz, D. Gyalistras PY - 2006 SP - 671–686 ST - Climate warming impact on degree-days T2 - Energy Conversion and Management TI - Climate warming impact on degree-days ID - 555 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Bark beetles are among the few native insects that can kill large numbers of trees in a single year. The present paper reviews recent work on the relationship between conifer resistance to bark beetle attack and tree vigor, e.g. in terms of wood production per unit of foliage. Experimental studies in the Pacific Northwest and the southeast U.S.A., and in Norway, are drawn upon to show that tree resistance to attack may be closely related to the amount of current and stored photosynthate that is available for defense. An experimental approach is advocated to critically test the relationship between host-tree resistance and the limitations on the transfer of critical resources to the site of attack. © 1987. AD - Norwegian Forest Research Institute, N-1432 Ås -NLH, Norway Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States Department of Entomology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States Christiansen, E. Norwegian Forest Research Institute, N-1432 Ås -NLH, Norway AU - Christiansen, E. AU - Waring, R. H. AU - Berryman, A. A. DB - Scopus IS - 1-2 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 160 CODEN: FECMD PY - 1987 SN - 03781127 SP - 89-106 ST - Resistance of conifers to bark beetle attack: Searching for general relationships T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Resistance of conifers to bark beetle attack: Searching for general relationships UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0023471805&partnerID=40&md5=ca89a42e44c6577bd7417eff0f90bbed VL - 22 ID - 556 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Christiansen, E. AU - Waring AU - R.H AU - Berryman AU - A.A LB - chri87 PY - 1987 SP - 89-106 ST - Resistance of Conifers to Bark Beetle Attack: Searching for General Relationships T2 - For. Ecol. Manage. TI - Resistance of Conifers to Bark Beetle Attack: Searching for General Relationships VL - 22 ID - 557 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Christiansen, E. AU - Waring AU - R.H. AU - Berryman AU - A.A. LB - chri87 PY - 1987 SP - 89-106 ST - Resistance of Conifers to Bark Beetle Attack: Searching for General Relationships T2 - For. Ecol. Manage. TI - Resistance of Conifers to Bark Beetle Attack: Searching for General Relationships VL - 22 ID - 558 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forest soils represent an important part of the global C cycle as they store large amounts of organic carbon (OC). With its great importance for nutrient and water supply, soil organic matter (SOM) is a key site characteristic particularly in shallow mountain soils. We conducted soil humus inventories in three research areas in the Bavarian Limestone Alps to investigate long-term effects of historical forest management with selective harvesting on shallow calcareous mountain forest soils. In each research area, SOM stocks under unmanaged forest at remote sites representing the virgin forest status and those of nearby selectively harvested forest stands (repeated single tree extraction, shelterwood harvesting) with identical site factors were compared in a paired-plot approach. At each site, five soil profiles were investigated; additionally O layer thickness was measured as well as important stand characteristics were assessed at 30 points of an orthogonal grid net that had been established in each stand. OC and N stocks in the forest floor and in the mineral soil were calculated by horizon as well as by depth increment and evaluated statistically. On average, forest floor OC and N stocks were reduced by about 80% under managed forest (OC stock 25±34Mgha-1; N stock 1.0±1.5Mgha-1) compared to nearby unmanaged forest (OC stock 114±123Mgha-1; N stock 4.5±5.1Mgha-1). OC and N stocks in the mineral topsoil (0-30cm) were larger under managed (OC stock 65±22Mgha-1; N stock 4.4±1.4Mgha-1) compared to unmanaged stands (OC stock 55±38Mgha-1; N stock 3.6±2.8Mgha-1). Total topsoil (forest floor+mineral topsoil) OC and N stocks under managed forest (OC stock 89±36Mgha-1; N stock 5.4±1.6Mgha-1) exhibited significant OC losses of 47% and N losses of 33% compared to nearby unmanaged forest (OC stock 169±96Mgha-1; N stock 8.1±3.4Mgha-1). Hence we conclude that standard forest management as practiced since ca. 200years has considerably reduced SOM stocks on shallow calcareous mountain forest soils in the Bavarian Limestone Alps. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. AD - Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Faculty of Forest Science and Forestry, University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 3, 85354 Freising, Germany Christophel, D. Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany email: christophel@wzw.tum.de AU - Christophel, D. AU - Spengler, S. AU - Schmidt, B. AU - Ewald, J. AU - Prietzel, J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.05.054 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Forest soil Long-term forestry N stock Primeval forest Selective harvesting SOC stock Carbon and nitrogen Forest soils Primeval forests Site characteristics Soil organic matters Stand characteristics Harvesting Limestone Minerals Soils Water supply Forestry carbon cycle forest management forest soil harvesting humus organic carbon organic nitrogen soil horizon soil organic matter soil profile stand structure topsoil water supply Forests Lime Stone Soil Water Supply Alps Bavarian Alps Central Alps LA - English N1 - CODEN: FECMD References: Albrecht, L., Geiser, R., Michiels, H.-G., Neuerburg, W., Rauh, J., Das Naturwaldreservat "Wettersteinwald" - ein Beispiel für die landeskulturelle und wissenschaftliche Bedeutung von Naturwaldreservaten (1988) Jahrb Ver Schutz d Bergwelt, 53, pp. 87-109; Andersson, F.O., Feger, K.-H., Hüttl, R.F., Kräuchi, N., Mattsson, L., Sallnäs, O., Sjöberg, K., Forest ecosystem research - priorities for Europe (2000) Forest Ecology and Management, 132, pp. 111-119; Baier, R., Meyer, J., Gottlein, A., Regeneration niches of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) saplings in small canopy gaps in mixed mountain forests of the Bavarian Limestone Alps (2007) European Journal of Forest Research, 126, pp. 11-22; Baritz, R., Seufert, G., Montanarella, L., Van Ranst, E., Carbon concentrations and stocks in forest soils of Europe (2010) Forest Ecology and Management, 260, pp. 262-277; Batjes, N.H., Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world (1996) European Journal of Soil Science, 47, pp. 151-163; Bauhus, J., Vor, T., Bartsch, N., Cowling, A., The effects of gaps and liming on forest floor decomposition and soil C and N dynamics in a Fagus sylvatica forest (2004) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 34, pp. 509-518; Beniston, M., Mountain climates and climatic change: an overview of processes focusing on the European Alps (2005) Pure Applied Geophysics, 162, pp. 1587-1606; Bochter, R., Neuerburg, W., Zech, W., Humus und Humusschwund im Gebirge (1981), Nationalpark Berchtesgaden (Ed.), Forschungsberichte 2Boden, A.-H.-A.G., (2005) Bodenkundliche Kartieranleitung, p. 438. , E. 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World Meteorological OrganizationZu Leiningen, W., Über Humusablagerungen in den Kalkalpen (1909) Naturw Zeitschr Forst Landwirtsch, 7, pp. 8-32; Zu Leiningen, W., Über Humusablagerungen in den Kalkalpen (1909) Naturw Zeitschr Forst Landwirtsch, 7, pp. 160-173 PY - 2013 SN - 03781127 SP - 167-176 ST - Customary selective harvesting has considerably decreased organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in forest soils of the Bavarian Limestone Alps T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Customary selective harvesting has considerably decreased organic carbon and nitrogen stocks in forest soils of the Bavarian Limestone Alps UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84879526772&partnerID=40&md5=90bd87e394ab69bfbf1eecd9994ecf2d VL - 305 ID - 3408 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Future climate warming is expected to enhance plant growth in temperate ecosystems and to increase carbon sequestration. But although severe regional heatwaves may become more frequent in a changing climate, their impact on terrestrial carbon cycling is unclear. Here we report measurements of ecosystem carbon dioxide fluxes, remotely sensed radiation absorbed by plants, and country-level crop yields taken during the European heatwave in 2003. We use a terrestrial biosphere simulation model to assess continental-scale changes in primary productivity during 2003, and their consequences for the net carbon balance. We estimate a 30 per cent reduction in gross primary productivity over Europe, which resulted in a strong anomalous net source of carbon dioxide (0.5 Pg C yr -1) to the atmosphere and reversed the effect of four years of net ecosystem carbon sequestration. Our results suggest that productivity reduction in eastern and western Europe can be explained by rainfall deficit and extreme summer heat, respectively. We also find that ecosystem respiration decreased together with gross primary productivity, rather than accelerating with the temperature rise. Model results, corroborated by historical records of crop yields, suggest that such a reduction in Europe's primary productivity is unprecedented during the last century. An increase in future drought events could turn temperate ecosystems into carbon sources, contributing to positive carbon-climate feedbacks already anticipated in the tropics and at high latitudes. © 2005 Nature Publishing Group. AD - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France Department of Forest Environment and Resources, DISAFRI, University of Tuscia, I-01100 Vitterbo, Italy Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg C4, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, Centre de Nancy, F-54280 Champenoux, France Functional Ecology and Environmental Physics, Ephyse, INRA, F-33612 Villenave d'Ornon, France Grassland Ecosystem Research, INRA, 234 Avenue du Brézet, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63039, France Institute of Plant Sciences, ETH Zentrum LFW C56, Universitätsstrasse 2, CH-8092 Zuerich, Switzerland Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Ave, de la Fac. d'Agronomie 8, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium Department of Meteorology, Institute of Hydrology and-Meteorology, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany Fundacion CEAM, Parque Tecnologico de Paterna, C/ Charles Darwin, E-46980 Valencia, Spain Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, PO-Box 64, Finland Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 10 01 64, D-07701 Jena, Germany Department of Environmental Science Policy and Management, Ecosystem Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States Laboratoire de Glaciologie et Géophysique de l'Environnement, 54 rue Molière, F-38402, Saint Martin d'Hères, France Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Joint Research Center European Commission, TP 280, I-21020 Ispra, Italy IBIMET-CNR, Ple delle Cascine, 18, I-50144 Firenze, Italy Dream CEFE-CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier, France Biosystems Department, Risø National Laboratory, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark Centro di Ecologia Alpina, Viote del Monte Bondone, I-38040 Trento, Italy ISAFOM-CNR, Via Cavour 4-6, I-87036, Rende, Italy Ciais, Ph. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE, F-91191, Gif sur Yvette, France email: philippe.ciais@cea.fr AU - Ciais, Ph AU - Reichstein, M. AU - Viovy, N. AU - Granier, A. AU - Ogée, J. AU - Allard, V. AU - Aubinet, M. AU - Buchmann, N. AU - Bernhofer, Chr AU - Carrara, A. AU - Chevallier, F. AU - De Noblet, N. AU - Friend, A. D. AU - Friedlingstein, P. AU - Grünwald, T. AU - Heinesch, B. AU - Keronen, P. AU - Knohl, A. AU - Krinner, G. AU - Loustau, D. AU - Manca, G. AU - Matteucci, G. AU - Miglietta, F. AU - Ourcival, J. M. AU - Papale, D. AU - Pilegaard, K. AU - Rambal, S. AU - Seufert, G. AU - Soussana, J. F. AU - Sanz, M. J. AU - Schulze, E. D. AU - Vesala, T. AU - Valentini, R. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1038/nature03972 IS - 7058 J2 - Nature KW - Carbon Carbon dioxide Ecosystems Productivity Thermal effects Carbon cycling Carbon sequestration Climate warming Climate change carbon carbon dioxide rain climate change primary production twenty first century article atmosphere biosphere carbon balance carbon cycling carbon dioxide transport carbon source crop production drought ecosystem Europe harvest heat high temperature latitude model plant priority journal productivity radiation absorption simulation summer chemistry crop disaster greenhouse effect metabolism time Atmosphere Carbon Dioxide Crops, Agricultural Ecosystem Greenhouse Effect Heat Natural Disasters Rain Time Factors LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 615 CODEN: NATUA Chemicals/CAS: carbon dioxide, 124-38-9, 58561-67-4; carbon, 7440-44-0; Carbon Dioxide, 124-38-9; Carbon, 7440-44-0 References: Cox, P.M., Betts, R.A., Jones, C.D., Spal, A.S., Totterdell, I.J., Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model (2000) Nature, 408, pp. 184-187; Dufresne, J.L., On the magnitude of positive feedback between future climate change and the carbon cycle (2002) Geophys. 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A Study of Six Urban Regions TI - Cities Preparing for Climate Change. A Study of Six Urban Regions UR - http://www.cleanairpartnership.org/pdf/cities_climate_change.pdf ID - 573 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Boreal forest soils function as a terrestrial net sink in the global carbon cycle. The prevailing dogma has focused on aboveground plant litter as a principal source of soil organic matter. Using 14C bomb-carbon modeling, we show that 50 to 70% of stored carbon in a chronosequence of boreal forested islands derives from roots and root-associated microorganisms. Fungal biomarkers indicate impaired degradation and preservation of fungal residues in late successional forests. Furthermore, 454 pyrosequencing of molecular barcodes, in conjunction with stable isotope analyses, highlights root-associated fungi as important regulators of ecosystem carbon dynamics. Our results suggest an alternative mechanism for the accumulation of organic matter in boreal forests during succession in the long-term absence of disturbance. AD - Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Box 117, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Box 65, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7007, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-701 82 Örebro, Sweden Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83 Umeå, Sweden Clemmensen, K.E. Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden email: karina.clemmensen@slu.se AU - Clemmensen, K. E. AU - Bahr, A. AU - Ovaskainen, O. AU - Dahlberg, A. AU - Ekblad, A. AU - Wallander, H. AU - Stenlid, J. AU - Finlay, R. D. AU - Wardle, D. A. AU - Lindahl, B. D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1126/science.1231923 IS - 6127 J2 - Science KW - soil organic matter biological marker carbon ergosterol glucosamine aboveground biomass accumulation biomarker boreal forest carbon sequestration carbon sink chronosequence disturbance ecosystem dynamics forest soil fungus litter molecular analysis root soil microorganism stable isotope succession article carbon allocation carbon cycle carbon dynamics DNA barcoding fungal biomass glaciation nitrogen cycling nitrogen dynamics nonhuman plant litter plant root priority journal pyrosequencing RNA gene metabolism microbiology soil tree Fungi Biological Markers Carbon Cycle Carbon Radioisotopes Ergosterol Glucosamine Plant Roots Soil Trees LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):20 CODEN: SCIEA PubMed ID: 23539604 Chemicals/CAS: carbon, 7440-44-0; ergosterol, 23637-22-1, 2418-45-3, 3992-98-1, 57-87-4; glucosamine, 3416-24-8, 4607-22-1; Biological Markers; Carbon Radioisotopes; Ergosterol, 57-87-4; Glucosamine, 3416-24-8; Soil References: Bonan, G.B., Shugart, H.H., (1989) Annu. 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PY - 1998 SE - 55 SP - 30 ST - Effect of windbreaks on airflow, microclimates and crop yields. T2 - Agroforestry Systems TI - Effect of windbreaks on airflow, microclimates and crop yields. VL - 41 ID - 574 ER - TY - WEB AU - Alliance, Climate M1 - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.amica-climate.net/uploads/media/green-rails_eval-prac_stuttgart.pdf ID - 575 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Climate, Change Impacts Review Group LB - clim96 PY - 1996 ST - of the potential effects of climate change in the UK T2 - Revie TI - of the potential effects of climate change in the UK ID - 576 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Clugston, Rick DA - September 1, 2011 DO - 10.1177/097340821100500207 IS - 2 PY - 2011 SP - 173-176 ST - Ethical Framework for a Sustainable World: Earth Charter Plus 10 Conference and Follow Up T2 - Journal of Education for Sustainable Development TI - Ethical Framework for a Sustainable World: Earth Charter Plus 10 Conference and Follow Up UR - http://jsd.sagepub.com/content/5/2/173.short VL - 5 ID - 3514 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A technique for measuring hydraulic conductances of excised xylem segments exposed to high negative pressures is described. A centrifugal force is used to generate negative pressures (P) in the sample and to create a positive hydrostatic pressure difference (ΔP) between its two ends. δP forces water through the sample at a flow rate (F) determined optically during centrifugation. The sample hydraulic conductance k is derived from F and ΔP. The sample vulnerability curve is given by the dependence of k on P. Results for Cedrus atlantica Manetti and Laurus nobilis L. shoots are given. The technique is appropriate for the analysis of xylem refilling under negative pressure. AD - UMR PIAF, INRA-Université Blaise Pascal, site de Crouelle, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France Cochard, H. UMR PIAF, INRA-Université Blaise Pascal, site de Crouelle, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France email: cochard@clermont.inra.fr AU - Cochard, H. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1365-3040.2002.00863.x IS - 6 J2 - Plant Cell Environ. KW - Cavitation Centrifugation Embolism Laurus nobilis L. Water relations hydraulic conductivity measurement method water relations xylem Cedrus Cedrus atlantica Laurus Laurus nobilis LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 37 CODEN: PLCED References: Alder, N.N., Pockman, W.T., Sperry, J.S., Nuismer, S., Use of centrifugal force in the study of xylem cavitation (1997) Journal of Experimental Botany, 48, pp. 665-674; Canny, M.J., Transporting water in plants (1998) American Scientist, 86, pp. 152-159; Cochard, H., Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism (1992) Tree Physiology, 11, pp. 73-83; Cochard, H., Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Vessel content debate revisited (2001) Trends in Plant Science, 6, p. 13; Cochard, H., Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., The cohesion theory debate continues (2001) Trends in Plant Science, 6, p. 457; Cochard, H., Bodet, C., Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Cryoscanning electron microscopy observations of vessel content during transpiration in walnut petioles. Facts or artifacts? (2000) Plant Physiology, 124, pp. 1191-1202; Cochard, H., Coll, L., Leroux, X., Améglio, T., Unravelling the effects of plant hydraulics on stomatal closure during water stress in walnut (2002) Plant Physiology, 128, pp. 282-290; Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Tyree, M.T., Use of positive pressures to establish vulnerability curves. Further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis (1992) Plant Physiology, 100, pp. 205-209; Cruiziat, P., Cochard, H., Améglio, T., The hydraulic architecture of trees: An introduction (2002) Annals of Forest Sciences, , in press; Holbrook, N.M., Zwieniecki, M.A., Embolism repair and xylem tension. Do we need a miracle? (1999) Plant Physiology, 120, pp. 7-10; Martre, P., Cochard, H., Durand, J.L., Hydraulic architecture and water flows in a growing grass tiller (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) (2001) Plant, Cell and Environment, 24, pp. 65-76; Pockman, W.T., Sperry, J.S., Oleary, J.W., Sustained and significant negative water pressure in xylem (1995) Nature, 378, pp. 715-716; Sperry, J.S., Hydraulic constraints to plant gas exchange (2000) Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 104, pp. 13-23; Sperry, J.S., Donnelly, J.R., Tyree, M.T., A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem (1988) Plant, Cell and Environment, 11, pp. 35-40; Stiller, V., Sperry, J.S., Canny's compensating pressure theory fails a test (1999) American Journal of Botany, 86, pp. 1082-1086; Tyree, M.T., Dixon, M.A., Cavitation events in Thuja occidentalis L. Ultrasonic acoustic emissions from the sapwood can be measured (1983) Plant Physiology, 72, pp. 1094-1099; Tyree, M.T., Salleo, S., Nardini, A., Lo Gullo, M.A., Mosca, R., Refilling of embolized vessels in young stems of laurel. Do we need a new paradigm? (1999) Plant Physiology, 120, pp. 11-21; Tyree, M.T., Sperry, J.S., Vulnerability of xylem to cavitation and embolism (1989) Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 40, pp. 19-38 PY - 2002 SN - 01407791 SP - 815-819 ST - A technique for measuring xylem hydraulic conductance under high negative pressures T2 - Plant, Cell and Environment TI - A technique for measuring xylem hydraulic conductance under high negative pressures UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036098520&partnerID=40&md5=fa4a1a954f78433225637b6125391e0b VL - 25 ID - 577 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cochard, H. AU - Bréda, N. AU - Granier, A. IS - 2-3 PY - 1996 SP - 197-206 ST - Whole tree hydraulic conductance and water loss regulation in Quercus during drought: evidence for stomatal control of embolism? T2 - Ann. For. Sci. TI - Whole tree hydraulic conductance and water loss regulation in Quercus during drought: evidence for stomatal control of embolism? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19960203 VL - 53 ID - 578 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cochard, H. AU - Bréda, N. AU - Granier, A. AU - Aussenac, G. IS - 3 PY - 1992 SP - 225-233 ST - Vulnerability to air embolism of three European oak species (Quercus petraea (Matt) Liebl, Q pubescens Willd, Q robur L) T2 - Ann. For. Sci. TI - Vulnerability to air embolism of three European oak species (Quercus petraea (Matt) Liebl, Q pubescens Willd, Q robur L) UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19920302 VL - 49 ID - 579 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We assessed the effects of irradiance received during growth on the vulnerability of Fagus sylvatica L. xylem vessels to water-stress-induced embolism. The measurements were conducted on (1) potted saplings acclimated for 2 years under 100% and 12% incident global radiation and (2) branches collected from sun-exposed and shaded sides of adult trees. Both experiments yielded similar results. Light-acclimated shoots were less vulnerable to embolism. Xylem water potential levels producing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity were lower in sun-exposed branches and seedlings than in shade-grown ones (-3.0 versus -2.3 MPa on average). The differences in vulnerability were not correlated with differences in xylem hydraulic conductivity nor vessel diameter. Resistance to cavitation was correlated with transpiration rates, midday xylem and leaf water potentials in adult trees. We concluded that vulnerability to cavitation in Fagus sylvatica may acclimate to contrasting ambient light conditions. AD - INRA, U. d'Ecophysiologie Forestiere, 54280 Champenoux, France INRA-PIAF, Domaine de Crouël, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France Cochard, H. INRA-PIAF, Domaine de Crouel, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand, France email: cochard@nancy.inra.fr AU - Cochard, H. AU - Lemoine, D. AU - Dreyer, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00367.x IS - 1 J2 - Plant Cell Environ. KW - Acclimation Cavitation Fagaceae Fagus sylvatica Hydraulic conductivity Light Water relations LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 85 CODEN: PLCED References: Alder, N.N., Sperry, J.S., Pockman, W.T., Root and stem xylem embolism, stomatal conductance, and leaf turgor in Acer grandidentatum populations along a soil moisture gradient (1996) Oecologia, 105, pp. 293-301; Aussenac, G., Ducrey, M., Etude bioclimatique d'une futaie feuillue (Fagus sylvatica L. et Quercus sessiliflora Salish.) de l'est de la France. 1. Analyse des profiles microclimatiques et des caractéristiques anatomiques et morphologiques de l'appareil foliaire (1977) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 34, pp. 265-284; Borghetti, M., Leonardi, S., Raschi, A., Snyderman, D., Tognetti, R., Ecotypic variation of xylem embolism, phenological traits, growth parameters and allozyme characteristics in Fagus sylvatica (1993) Functional Ecology, 7, pp. 713-720; Cochard, H., Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism (1992) Tree Physiology, 11, pp. 73-83; Cochard, H., Bréda, N., Granier, A., Whole tree hydraulic conductance and water loss regulation: Evidence for stomatal control of embolism? (1996) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 53, pp. 197-206; Cochard, H., Ridolfi, M., Dreyer, E., Responses to water stress in an ABA-unresponsive hybrid poplar. 2. Hydraulic properties and xylem embolism (1996) New Phytologist, 134, pp. 455-461; Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Tyree, M.T., Use of positive pressures to establish vulnerability curves further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis (1992) Plant Physiology, 100, pp. 205-209; Cochard, H., Bréda, N., Granier, A., Aussenac, G., Vulnerability to air embolism of three European oak species (Quercus petraea, Q. pubescens, Q. robur) (1991) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 49, pp. 225-233; Cochard, H., Peiffer, M., Le Gall, M., Granier, A., Developmental control of xylem hydraulic resistances and vulnerability to embolism in Fraxinus excelsior L. impacts on water relations (1997) Journal of Experimental Botany, 48, pp. 655-663; Hacke, U., Sauter, J.J., Vulnerability of xylem to embolism in relation to leaf water potential and stomatal conductance in Fagus sylvatica f. purpurea and Populus balsamifera (1995) Journal of Experimental Botany, 46, pp. 1177-1183; Jackson, G.E., Irvine, J., Grace, J., Xylem cavitation in two mature Scots pine forests growing in a wet and a dry area of Britain (1995) Plant, Cell and Environment, 18, pp. 1411-1418; Jarbeau, J.A., Ewers, F.W., Davis, S.D., The mechanism of water-stress-induced embolism in two species of chaparral shrubs (1995) Plant, Cell and Environment, 18, pp. 189-196; Jones, H.G., Sutherland, R.A., Stomatal control of xylem embolism (1991) Plant, Cell and Environment, 14, pp. 607-612; Kaufmann, M.R., Ecophysiological processes affecting tree growth: Water relationships (1990) Process Modelling of Forest Growth, pp. 64-76. , ed. R. Dixon. Timber Press. Portland; Lipp, C.C., Nilsen, E.T., The impact of subcanopy light environment on the hydraulic vulnerability of Rhododendron maximum to freeze-thaw cycles and drought (1997) Plant, Cell and Environment, 20, pp. 1264-1272; Lu, P., Biron, P., Granier, A., Cochard, H., Water relations of adult Norway spruce (Picea abies (L) Karst) under soil drought in the Vosges mountains: Whole-tree hydraulic conductance, xylem embolism and water loss regulation (1996) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 53, pp. 113-121; Neufeld, H.S., Grantz, D.A., Meinzer, F.C., Goldstein, G., Crisosto, G.M., Crisosto, C., Genotypic variability in vulnerability of leaf xylem to cavitation in water-stressed and well-irrigated sugarcane (1992) Plant Physiology, 100, pp. 1020-1028; Ritchie, G.A., Evidence for red: Far red signaling and photomorphogenic growth response in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings (1997) Tree Physiology, 17, pp. 161-168; Schultz, H.R., Matthews, M.A., Xylem development and hydraulic conductance in sun and shade shoots of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L) - Evidence that low light uncouples water transport capacity from leaf area (1993) Planta, 190, pp. 393-406; Sperry, J.S., Saliendra, N.Z., Intra- and inter-plant variation in xylem cavitation in Betula occidentalis (1994) Plant, Cell and Environment, 17, pp. 1233-1241; Sperry, J.S., Tyree, M.T., Mechanism of water stress-induced xylem embolism (1988) Plant Physiology, 88, pp. 581-587; Sperry, J.S., Donnelly, J.R., Tyree, M.T., A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem (1988) Plant, Cell and Environment, 11, pp. 35-40; Sperry, J.S., Tyree, M.T., Donnelly, J.R., Vulnerability of xylem to embolism in a mangrove vs an inland species of Rhizophoraceae (1988) Plant Physiology, 74, pp. 276-283; Tognetti, R., Michelozzi, M., Borghetti, M., Response to light of shade-grown beech seedlings subjected to different watering regimes (1994) Tree Physiology, 14, pp. 751-758; Tyree, M.T., Cheung, Y.N.S., Resistance to water flow in Fagus grandifolia leaves (1977) Canadian Journal of Botany, 55, pp. 2591-2599; Tyree, M.T., Dixon, M.A., Cavitation events in Thuja occidentalis L.? Ultrasonic acoustic emissions from the sapwood can be measured (1983) Plant Physiology, 72, pp. 1094-1099; Tyree, M.T., Ewers, F.W., The hydraulic architecture of trees and other woody plants (1991) New Phytologist, 119, pp. 345-360; Tyree, M.T., Sperry, J.S., Do woody plants operate near the point of catastrophic xylem dysfunction caused by dynamic water stress? Answers from a model (1988) Plant Physiology, 88, pp. 574-580; Tyree, M.T., Davis, S.D., Cochard, H., Biophysical perspectives of xylem evolution: Is there a tradeoff of hydraulic efficiency for vulnerability to dysfunction (1994) IAWA Journal, 15, pp. 335-360; Tyree, M.T., Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Sinclair, B., Ameglio, T., Drought-induced leaf shedding in walnut - Evidence for vulnerability segmentation (1993) Plant, Cell and Environment, 16, pp. 879-882; Tyree, M.T., Sinclair, B., Lu, P., Granier, A., Whole shoot hydraulic resistance in Quercus species measured with a new high-pressure flowmeter (1993) Annales des Sciences Forestières, 50, pp. 417-423 PY - 1999 SN - 01407791 SP - 101-108 ST - The effects of acclimation to sunlight on the xylem vulnerability to embolism in Fagus sylvatica L T2 - Plant, Cell and Environment TI - The effects of acclimation to sunlight on the xylem vulnerability to embolism in Fagus sylvatica L UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032989301&partnerID=40&md5=16e7751c6f5f08c5e409bb8d80ad02a9 VL - 22 ID - 580 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Hydraulic properties of xylem in seven species of conifer were studied during late winter and early spring 1991. Vulnerability to cavitation and air embolism was investigated using hydraulic conductivity and acoustic techniques. Embolisms were induced in branches excised from mature trees by air-drying them in the laboratory. Both techniques gave comparable results indicating that they both assess the same phenomenon. Within a tree, vulnerability was related to the permeability of the xylem, the largest stems tended to cavitate before the smallest ones when water deficits developed in a branch. Interspecific comparisons showed large differences in the xylem water potential needed to induce significant embolism, values ranged from –2.5 MPa in Pinus sylvestris to –4 MPa in Cedrus atlantica, but these differences did not correlate with differences in the xylem permeability of the species. The vulnerability of a species to air embolism was found to be consistent with its ecophysiological behavior in the presence of water stress, drought-tolerant species being less vulnerable than drought-avoiding species. AU - Cochard, Hervé DA - July 1, 1992 DO - 10.1093/treephys/11.1.73 IS - 1 PY - 1992 SP - 73-83 ST - Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism T2 - Tree Physiology TI - Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism UR - http://treephys.oxfordjournals.org/content/11/1/73.abstract VL - 11 ID - 581 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cohen AU - Allsopp LB - cohen1988 PY - 1988 SP - 669 - 681 ST - The potential impact of a scenario of CO2 induced climatic change on Ontario, Canada T2 - J. Climate TI - The potential impact of a scenario of CO2 induced climatic change on Ontario, Canada VL - 1 ID - 582 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cohen AU - Allsopp LB - cohen1988 PY - 1988 SP - 669 - 681 ST - The potential impact of a scenario of CO2 induced climatic change on Ontario, Canada T2 - J. Climate TI - The potential impact of a scenario of CO2 induced climatic change on Ontario, Canada VL - 1 ID - 583 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Colacino, M. AU - Conte, M. LB - colacino1995 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1995 SP - 295-304 ST - Heat waves in the Central Mediterranean T2 - A synoptic climatology. Il Nuovo Cimento C TI - Heat waves in the Central Mediterranean VL - 18 ID - 584 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Collier, K. AU - J AU - B AU - Smith, J. LB - coll00 PY - 2000 SP - 275-284 ST - Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I T2 - Effects of Air Temperature and Humidity on Longevity. Aquatic Insects TI - Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I VL - Vo ID - 585 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Collier, K. AU - J. AU - B. AU - Smith, J. LB - coll00 PY - 2000 SP - 275-284 ST - Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I T2 - Effects of Air Temperature and Humidity on Longevity. Aquatic Insects TI - Interactions of Adult Stoneflies (Plecoptera) with Riparian Zones I VL - Vo ID - 586 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Compagnucci, R. H. AU - Salles, M. A. LB - compagnucci1997 PY - 1997 SP - 635-653 ST - Surface pressure patterns during the year over southern South America T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Surface pressure patterns during the year over southern South America VL - 17 ID - 587 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Production and consumption processes in soils contribute to the global cycles of many trace gases (CH4, CO, OCS, H2, N2O, and NO) that are relevant for atmospheric chemistry and climate. Soil microbial processes contribute substantially to the budgets of atmospheric trace gases. The flux of trace gases between soil and atmosphere is usually the result of simultaneously operating production and consumption processes in soil: The relevant processes are not yet proven with absolute certainty, but the following are likely for trace gas consumption: H2 oxidation by abiontic soil enzymes; CO cooxidation by the ammonium monooxygenase of nitrifying bacteria; CH4 oxidation by unknown methanotrophic bacteria that utilize CH4 for growth; OCS hydrolysis by bacteria containing carbonic anhydrase; N2O reduction to N2 by denitrifying bacteria; NO consumption by either reduction to N2O in denitrifiers or oxidation to nitrate in heterotrophic bacteria. Wetland soils, in contrast to upland soils are generally anoxic and thus support the production of trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, N2O, and NO) by anaerobic bacteria such as fermenters, methanogens, acetogens, sulfate reducers, and denitrifiers. Methane is the dominant gaseous product of anaerobic degradation of organic matter and is released into the atmosphere, whereas the other trace gases are only intermediates, which are mostly cycled within the anoxic habitat. A significant percentage of the produced methane is oxidized by methanotrophic bacteria at anoxic-oxic interfaces such as the soil surface and the root surface of aquatic plants that serve as conduits for O2 transport into and CH4 transport out of the wetland soils. The dominant production processes in upland soils are different from those in wetland soils and include H2 production by biological N2 fixation, CO production by chemical decomposition of soil organic matter, and NO and N2O production by nitrification and denitrification. The processes responsible for CH4 production in upland soils are completely unclear, as are the OCS production processes in general. A problem for future research is the attribution of trace gas metabolic processes not only to functional groups of microorganisms but also to particular taxa. Thus, it is completely unclear how important microbial diversity is for the control of trace gas flux at the ecosystem level. However, different microbial communities may be part of the reason for differences in trace gas metabolism, e.g., effects of nitrogen fertilizers on CH4 uptake by soil; decrease of CH4 production with decreasing temperature; or different rates and modes of NO and N2O production in different soils and under different conditions. AU - Conrad, R DA - December 1, 1996 IS - 4 PY - 1996 SP - 609-40 ST - Soil microorganisms as controllers of atmospheric trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, OCS, N2O, and NO) T2 - Microbiological Reviews TI - Soil microorganisms as controllers of atmospheric trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, OCS, N2O, and NO) UR - http://mmbr.asm.org/content/60/4/609.abstract VL - 60 ID - 588 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Woudstra, J. & Fieldhouse, K. (eds.) AU - Conway, H. CY - London PB - E&FN Spon PY - 2000 SP - 9-20 ST - Parks and people: the social functions T2 - The Regeneration of Public Parks TI - Parks and people: the social functions ID - 589 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coope, G. R. LB - coop78 PY - 1978 SP - 176-187 ST - Constancy of insect species versus inconstancy of quaternary environments T2 - Mound, L.A., Waloff, N.(ed.) Diversity of Insect Faunas TI - Constancy of insect species versus inconstancy of quaternary environments ID - 590 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coope, G. R. LB - coop94 PY - 1994 SP - 19-26 ST - The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations T2 - Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations VL - 34 ID - 591 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coope, G.R. LB - coop78 PY - 1978 SP - 176-187 ST - Constancy of insect species versus inconstancy of quaternary environments T2 - Mound, L.A., Waloff, N.(ed.) Diversity of Insect Faunas TI - Constancy of insect species versus inconstancy of quaternary environments ID - 592 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Coope, G.R. LB - coop94 PY - 1994 SP - 19-26 ST - The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations T2 - Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - The response of insect faunas to glacial-interglacial climatic fluctuations VL - 34 ID - 593 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Dikau, R., Brunsden, D., Schrott, L. und Ibsen, M.L. (Hrsg.) AU - Corominas, J. AU - Remondo, J. AU - Farias, P. AU - Estevano, M. AU - Zézere, J. AU - Días de Terán, J. AU - Dikau, R. AU - Schrott, L. AU - Moya, J. AU - González, A. CY - Chichester PB - John Wiley & Sons Ltd PY - 1996 SP - 161-180 ST - Debris Flow T2 - Landslide Recognition: Identification, Movement and Courses TI - Debris Flow ID - 594 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Corradetti, A. PY - 1968 SP - 705-708 ST - Phlebotomus control in the Mediterranean and Middle East area T2 - Ann Ist Super Sanita TI - Phlebotomus control in the Mediterranean and Middle East area VL - 4 ID - 595 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Covington, W. Wallace DA - 2014/01/23 IS - 1 J2 - Ecology N1 - doi: 10.2307/1936666 0012-9658 PY - 1981 SP - 41-48 ST - Changes in Forest Floor Organic Matter and Nutrient Content Following Clear Cutting in Northern Hardwoods T2 - Ecology TI - Changes in Forest Floor Organic Matter and Nutrient Content Following Clear Cutting in Northern Hardwoods UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1936666 VL - 62 ID - 3410 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cowden, Charles C. AU - Peterson, Chris J. DA - 2014/01/23 IS - 3 J2 - Can. J. For. Res. N1 - doi: 10.1139/cjfr-2012-0410 0045-5067 PY - 2013 SP - 215-223 ST - Annual and seasonal dynamics of ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing white pine (Pinus strobus) seedlings following catastrophic windthrow in northern Georgia, USA T2 - Canadian Journal of Forest Research TI - Annual and seasonal dynamics of ectomycorrhizal fungi colonizing white pine (Pinus strobus) seedlings following catastrophic windthrow in northern Georgia, USA UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2012-0410 VL - 43 ID - 3411 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Cox, Peter M AU - Betts, Richard A AU - Jones, Chris D AU - Spall, Steven A AU - Totterdell, Ian J LB - cox:00 PY - 2000 SP - 184-187 ST - Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model T2 - Nature TI - Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model VL - 408 ID - 596 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crane, Robert G. AU - Hewitson, Bruce C. LB - cran98a N1 - Es wird ein Einzuggebiet eines Flusses in NeuEngland untersucht (35-47N, 83.75-68.75W). Es wurde ein "artificial neural net" verwendet. Eingangsgrössen waren GPA in 1000hPa und 500hPa sowie spez. Feuchte in 1000, 700, 500hPa auf Tagesbasis. Die Daten stammen vom Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) (März 1985 bis Februar 1993) mit einer Auflösung von 2x2,5 Grad. ***(wenn obiges lokaler datensatz ist dann ist nicht klar was der grobskalige input zur modellbildung ist; wenn obiges der grobsk.) cm lokale variable ist der tägliche subgitterskalige niederschlag Als Klimaänderung GCM wurde das GENESIS Model vom NCAR verwendet mit einer Auflösung von 3,75x3,75. Lokale bzw. untersuchte Variable ist der tägliche Niederschlag auf dem 2x2,5 Grad Gitter. Es zeigten sich Korrelationen von 0.5 bis 0.7. Bei einer zweifachen CO2 Konzentration zeigten sich Niederschlagserhöhungen von bis zu 50%(Mai) in den Wintermonaten deutlich geringere Erhöhungen. Schwierig zu lesen, sollte bei Verwendung von neuralen Netzwerken genauer studiert werden. PY - 1998 SP - 65-76 ST - Doubled CO2 precipitation changes for the Susquehanna Basin: Down-scaling from the GENESIS general circulation model T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Doubled CO2 precipitation changes for the Susquehanna Basin: Down-scaling from the GENESIS general circulation model VL - 18 ID - 597 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We examined seed source variation in drought tolerance characteristics of Pinus sylvestris seedlings from 12 diverse geographic origins representing a longitudinal transect across the species range. The seedlings were subjected to three dry-down cycles in raised water-use efficiency in a greenhouse experiment. We measured pre-dawn needle water potential (Ψn) and instantaneous water-use efficiency (WUE) (W) during the cyclic droughts. Seedling survival, growth, biomass allocation to roots, and carbon isotope ratio (δ13C) were measured at the end of the experiment. The seed sources varied (P < 0.05) in biomass growth, biomass allocation to roots, and δ13C. In general, seedlings from the drier central Asian seed sources survived longer under drought than seedlings from more mesic European and coastal seed sources. Seedlings from the Asian seed sources were smaller, allocated more biomass to roots, and had higher integrative water-use efficiency (as indicated by higher Δ13C) than the seedlings from the European sources. Seed source variation in ψn and W was not significant (P > 0.05). Carbon isotope ratio was correlated with precipitation at the seed origin (r = -0.75, P < 0.05). The results of this study support the generalization that Scots pine seed sources from the interior portion of the species range grow slower but are more drought tolerant than European seed sources. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. AD - USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, National Agroforestry Center, East Campus-UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States Department of Forestry, Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Nebraska, East Campus-UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583, United States Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States Cregg, B.M. Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States email: cregg@msu.edu AU - Cregg, B. M. AU - Zhang, J. W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00626-5 IS - 1-2 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Carbon isotope ratio Drought tolerance Provenance Scots pine Biomass Carbon Drought Isotopes Morphology Physiology Seed Water-use efficiency (WUE) Plants (botany) carbon isotope ratio drought resistance morphology physiology provenance seedling Pinus Sylvestris Seedlings LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 26 CODEN: FECMD References: Boltz, B.A., Bongarten, B.C., Teskey, R.O., Seasonal patterns of net photosynthesis of loblolly pines from diverse origins (1986) Can. J. For. Res., 16, pp. 1063-1068; Boratynski, A., Range and natural distribution (1991) Genetics of Scots Pine, pp. 19-30. , Giertych, M., Matyas, C. (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam; Brown, J.H., Variation in roots of greenhouse grown seedlings of different Scots pine provenances (1969) Silvae Genet., 18, pp. 111-117; Chambers, J.L., Clifton, R.G.P., Barnett, J.P., Sand culture and raised beds for inducement of water stress in seedling physiology studies (1988) Proceedings of the 10th North American Forest Biology Workshop, pp. 164-168. , University of British Columbia; Cody, R.P., Smith, J.K., (1997) Applied statistics and the SAS Programming Language, 4th Ed., , Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 445 p; Craig, H., Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and correlation factors for mass-spectrometric analysis of carbon dioxide (1957) Geochem. Acta, 12, pp. 133-149; Cregg, B.M., Improving drought tolerance of trees for agroforestry systems (1993) Proceedings of the Third North American Agroforestry Conference, pp. 13-17. , Ames, IA; Cregg, B.M., Carbon allocation, gas exchange and needle morphology of Pinus ponderosa genotypes known to differ in growth and survival under imposed drought (1994) Tree Physiol., 14, pp. 883-898; Cregg, B.M., Olivas-Garcia, J.M., Hennessey, T.C., Provenance variation in carbon isotope discrimination of mature ponderosa pine trees at two locations in the Great Plains (2000) Can. J. For. Res., 30, pp. 428-439; Farquhar, G.D., Ehleringer, J.R., Hubick, K.T., Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis (1989) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 40, pp. 503-537; Flanagan, L.B., Johnsen, K.H., Genetic variation in carbon isotope discrimination and its relationship to growth under field conditions in full-sib families of Picea mariana (1995) Can. J. For. Res., 25, pp. 39-47; Giertych, M., Provenance variation in growth and phenology (1991) Genetics of Scots Pine, pp. 87-101. , Giertych, M., Matyas, C. (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam; Jackson, G.E., Irvine, J., Grace, J., Xylem cavitation in Scots pine and Sitka spruce saplings during water stress (1995) Tree Physiol., 15, pp. 783-790; Long, E.M., Texas and Louisiana loblolly pine study confirms importance of local seed sources (1980) So. J. Appl. For., 4, pp. 127-132; Luoma, S., Geographical pattern in photosynthetic light response of Pinus sylvestris in Europe (1997) Funct. Ecol., 11, pp. 273-281; Monson, R.K., Grant, M.C., Experimental studies of ponderosa pine. III. Differences in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency between two genetic lines (1989) Am. J. Bot., 76, pp. 1041-1047; Moser, E.B., Saxton, A.M., Repeated measures analysis of variance: Application to tree research (1990) Can. J. For. Res., 20, pp. 524-535; Oleksyn, J., Inheritance of resistance to abiotic factors (1991) Genetics of Scots Pine, pp. 219-229. , Giertych, M., Matyas, C. (Eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam; Ritchie, G.A., Hinckley, T.M., The pressure chamber as an instrument for ecological research (1975) Adv. Ecol. Res., 9, pp. 165-254; Shutyaev, A.M., Giertych, M., Height growth in a comprehensive Eurasian provenance experiment of Pinus sylvestris L. (1997) Silvae Genet., 46, pp. 332-349; Teskey, R.O., Bongarten, B.C., Cregg, B.M., Dougherty, P.M., Hennessey, T.C., Physiology and genetics of tree growth in response to moisture and temperature stress: An examination of the characteristics of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) (1987) Tree Physiol., 3, pp. 41-61; Wright, J.W., Bull, W.I., Geographic variation in Scotch pine: Results of a 3-year study in Michigan (1963) Silvae Genet., 12, pp. 1-25; Wright, J.W., Pauley, S.S., Polk, R.B., Jokela, J.J., Read, R.A., Performance of Scots pine varieties in the North Central Region (1966) Silvae Genet., 15, pp. 101-110; Zhang, J.W., Cregg, B.M., Variation in stable isotope discrimination among and within exotic conifer species grown in eastern Nebraska, USA (1996) For. Ecol. Mgmt., 83, pp. 181-187; Zhang, J.W., Marshall, J.D., Variation in carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthetic gas exchange among populations of Pseudotsuga menziesii and Pinus ponderosa in different environments (1995) Funct. Ecol., 9, pp. 410-412; Zhang, J.W., Feng, Z., Cregg, B.M., Schumann, C.M., Carbon isotopic composition, gas exchange, and growth of three populations of ponderosa pine differing in drought tolerance (1997) Tree Physiol., 17, pp. 461-466 PY - 2001 SN - 03781127 SP - 131-139 ST - Physiology and morphology of Pinus sylvestris seedlings from diverse sources under cyclic drought stress T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Physiology and morphology of Pinus sylvestris seedlings from diverse sources under cyclic drought stress UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035889432&partnerID=40&md5=ff936b4e5a0eec5e4740b19db751edb7 VL - 154 ID - 598 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Cressie, N. A. C. ET - revised LB - cressie1993 N1 - bodo PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York PY - 1993 ST - Statistics for Spatial Data TI - Statistics for Spatial Data ID - 599 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Creutin, J. AU - Obled, C. LB - creu82ab N1 - bodo-precip analysis PY - 1982 SP - 413-431 ST - Objective Analyses and mapping Techniques for Rainfall Fields: An Objective Comparison T2 - WRR TI - Objective Analyses and mapping Techniques for Rainfall Fields: An Objective Comparison VL - 18 ID - 600 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Crichton, D. CY - London LB - crichton2003 PB - Benfiled Greig Hazard Research Centre PY - 2003 SN - 1 ST - Flood Risk and Insurance in England&Wales: Are There Lessons to Be Learned from Scotland? TI - Flood Risk and Insurance in England&Wales: Are There Lessons to Be Learned from Scotland? ID - 601 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crick, . AU - et al. LB - cric97 PY - 1997 SP - 388-526 ST - UK birds are laying eggs earlier T2 - Nature TI - UK birds are laying eggs earlier ID - 602 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crick, H. Q. P. AU - Sparks AU - H, T. LB - cric99 PY - 1999 SP - 423-424 ST - Climate change related to egg-laying trends T2 - Nature TI - Climate change related to egg-laying trends VL - 39 ID - 603 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crick, H. Q. P. AU - Sparks AU - H., T. LB - cric99 PY - 1999 SP - 423-424 ST - Climate change related to egg-laying trends T2 - Nature TI - Climate change related to egg-laying trends VL - 39 ID - 604 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crick AU - et al. LB - cric97 PY - 1997 SP - 388-526 ST - UK birds are laying eggs earlier T2 - Nature TI - UK birds are laying eggs earlier ID - 605 ER - TY - JOUR AU - CRITCHLEY, B. R. IS - 4 PY - 1998 SP - 271-287 ST - Literature review of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Hemiptera, Scutelleridae) T2 - Crop Protection TI - Literature review of sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Hemiptera, Scutelleridae) VL - 17 ID - 606 ER - TY - RPRT AU - CROMPTON, T. AU - BREWER, J. AU - CHILTON AU - KASSER, T. CY - Report published in partnership by: WWF, Friends of Earth, Oxfam, Climate outreach and information campaign, Campaign to Protect Rural England N1 - http://assets.wwf.org.uk/downloads/common_cause_report.pdf PY - 2010 RP - http://assets.wwf.org.uk/downloads/common_cause_report.pdf ST - Common Cause – The case for Working with our Cultural Values TI - Common Cause – The case for Working with our Cultural Values ID - 3515 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A site manipulation experiment was conducted to test the effects of liming, drought, fertilization, sawdust amendment, and root trenching on water-soluble humic substances in the O horizon of a mature red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) stand in Maine. Concentrations of water-extractable dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the sawdust and root trenching treatments were approximately twice as high as DOC in the untreated controls and other treatments. Mean carboxyl group contents of DOC ranged from 4.8 to 6.3 mol/kg C among treatments and controls. Control and drought treatments contained the highest carboxyl contents, whereas the sawdust and fertilizer treatments had the lowest carboxyl densities. Synchronous scan fluorescence spectra for the water extracts contained major peaks at 350, 395, and 470 nm, and these peaks were similar to those obtained for reference humic and fulvic acid standards, as well as selected aromatic model compounds. Overall, the fertilizer treatment produced a 20% decrease, the root trenching generated a 70% increase, and the sawdust treatment yielded a 120% increase in the release of organic acid ligands as compared with the control plots. The twofold range of variation in DOC and organic acidity associated with different substrate conditions in this experiment was considerably smaller than the tenfold range of variation reported in the literature for sites from diverse geographic locations. This suggests that the quantitative fluxes of DOC and organic acidity from forest soil O horizons are determined by the interactive effects of substrate conditions, climate, and other local site factors. AD - Dep. of Plant Biology and Pathology, 202 Deering Hall, Univ. of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States Cronan, C.S. Dep. of Plant Biology and Pathology, 202 Deering Hall, Univ. of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, United States AU - Cronan, C. S. AU - Lakshman, S. AU - Patterson, H. H. DB - Scopus IS - 3 J2 - J. ENVIRON. QUAL. KW - fertilizer organic carbon organic matter unclassified drug acidification article forest humic substance soil Pinus resinosa LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):41 CODEN: JEVQA PY - 1992 SN - 00472425 SP - 457-463 ST - Effects of disturbance and soil amendments on dissolved organic carbon and organic acidity in red pine forest floors T2 - Journal of Environmental Quality TI - Effects of disturbance and soil amendments on dissolved organic carbon and organic acidity in red pine forest floors UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0026649145&partnerID=40&md5=99bc9ad5ba6886449c2a24b2f5adf2ae VL - 21 ID - 3412 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Crosby, A. W. LB - cros86 PY - 1986 SP - 368 ST - Ecological Imperialism: the biological expansion of Europe, 900-1900 T2 - Cambridge University Press TI - Ecological Imperialism: the biological expansion of Europe, 900-1900 ID - 607 ER - TY - GEN AU - Croson, D. AU - Kunreuther, H. LB - croson1999 N1 - Paper presented at Conference on Global Change and Catastrophic Risk Management PY - 1999 ST - Customizing Reinsurance and Cat Bonds for Natural Hazard Risks TI - Customizing Reinsurance and Cat Bonds for Natural Hazard Risks ID - 608 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Crowley, Thomas J. AU - North, Gerald H. CY - New York LB - crow91a PB - Oxford University Press, Inc. PY - 1991 SP - 339 ST - Paleoclimatology T2 - OXFORD MONOGRAPHS ON GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS, Nr. 18 TI - Paleoclimatology ID - 609 ER - TY - BOOK AU - CRÜGER, G. CY - Stuttgart ET - 3. Aufl. PB - Verl. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co PY - 1991 ST - Pflanzenschutz im Gemüsebau TI - Pflanzenschutz im Gemüsebau ID - 610 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Since about twenty years, hydraulic architecture (h.a.) is, doubtless, the major trend in the domain of plants (and especially trees) water relations. This review encompasses the main concepts and results concerning the hydraulic of architecture of trees. After a short paragraph about the definition of the h.a., the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the h.a. are presented. This is an occasion to discuss the pipe model from the h.a. point of view. The second part starts with the central concept of embolism and give a review of important experimental results and questions concerning summer and winter embolism. The last part deals with the coupling between hydraulic and stomatal conductances. It discusses the theoretical and experimental relationships between transpiration and leaf water potential during a progressive soil drought, the increase of soil-root resistance and its consequences in term of xylem vulnerability, the factors controlling the daily maximum transpiration and how stomates can prevent "run away embolism". In conclusion different kinds of unsolved questions of h.a., which can be a matter of future investigations, are presented in addition with a classification of trees behaviour under drought conditions. To end, an appendix recalls the notions of water potential, pressure and tension. AD - U.M.R. PIAF, INRA, Université Blaise Pascal, 234 av. du Brezet, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France Cruiziat, P. U.M.R. PIAF, INRA, Université Blaise Pascal, 234 av. du Brezet, 63039 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 2, France email: cruiziat@clermont.inra.fr AU - Cruiziat, P. AU - Cochard, H. AU - Améglio, T. DB - Scopus IS - 7 J2 - Ann. Forest Sci. KW - Cohesion-tension theory Drought resistance Hydraulic architecture Summer embolism Winter embolism hydraulic conductivity plant stomatal conductance water relations LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 97 CODEN: AFOSF References: Améglio, T., Morizet, J., Cruiziat, P., Martignac, M., The effects of root temperature on water flux, potential and root resistance in sunflower (1990) Agronomie, 10, pp. 331-340; Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Alternance tension/pression de la sève dans le xylème chez le noyer pendant l'hiver: Rôle des températures (1992) C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. 3 (Sci. Vie), 315, pp. 429-435; Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Béraud, S., Alternance tension/pression de la sève dans le xylème chez le noyer pendant l'hiver: Conséquences sur la conductance hydraulique des rameaux (1995) C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. 3 (Sci. Vie), 318, pp. 351-357; Améglio, T., Cochard, H., Picon, C., Cohen, M., Water relations and hydraulic architecture of peach trees under drought conditions (1998) Acta Hort., 465, pp. 355-361. , Proc. Fourth Intern. Peach Symposium, Monet R. (Ed.); Améglio, T., Archer, P., Cochen, M., Valancogne, C., Daudet, F.A., Dayau, S., Cruiziat, P., Significance and limit in the use of predawn leaf water potential for tree irrigation (1999) Plant Soil, 207, pp. 155-167; Amégio, T., Perrier, C., Le Roux, X., Mingeau, M., Drought effect on water relations and fruit yield in highbush blueberries (1999) Fruits, 54, pp. 423-430; Améglio, T., Guilliot, A., Lacointe, A., Alves, G., Julien, J.L., Petel, G., Valentin, V., Water relation in winter: Effect on budbreak of walnut tree (2000) Dormancy in Plants, pp. 109-120. , Viémont J.D., Crabbé J. (Eds.), CAB International; André, J.P., Heterogeneous branched, zigzag and circular vessels: Unexpected but frequent forms of tracheary element files: Description-localization-formation (2000) Experimental Biology Reviews, pp. 387-395. , Savidge R.A., Barnett J.R., Napier R. (Eds.), Cell and Molecular Biology of Wood Formation, Bios Scientific Publishers Ltd, Oxford, UK; André, J.P., (2002) Une Nouvelle Vision de l'Organisation Vasculaire des Angiospermes, le Moulage Histologique, , INRA Éditions; Assmann, E., (1970) The Principles of Forest Yield Study, , Pergamon Press, 560 p; Barthélémy, D., Edelin, C., Halle, F., Canopy Architecture (1991) Physiology of Trees, pp. 1-20. , Raghavendra A.S. (Ed.), John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York, USA; Becker, P., Tyree, M.T., Tsuda, M., Hydraulic conductances of angiosperms versus conifers: Similar transport sufficiency at the whole-plant level (1999) Tree Physiol., 19, pp. 445-452; Becker, P., Gribben, R.J., Lim, C.M., Tapered conduits can buffer hydraulic conductance from path-length effects (2000) Tree Physiol., 20, pp. 965-967; Boyer, J.S., Water transport (1985) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 36, pp. 473-516; Cochard, H., Tyree, M.T., Xylem dysfunction in Quercus: Vessel sizes, tyloses, cavitation and seasonal changes in embolism (1990) Tree Physiol., 6, pp. 393-407; Cochard, H., Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism (1992) Tree Physiol., 11, pp. 73-83; Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Tyree, M.T., Use of positive pressures to establish vulnerability curves. Further support for the air-seeding hypothesis and implications for pressure-volume analysis (1992) Plant Physiol., 100, pp. 205-209; Cochard, H., Breda, N., Granier, A., Aussenac, G., Vulnerability to air embolism of three european oak species (Quercus petraea (Matt) Liebl, Q. pubescens Willd, Q. robur L.) (1992) Ann. Sci. For., 49, pp. 225-233; Cochard, H., L'embolie estivale et hivernale: Données actuelles et mécanismes (1995) L'eau dans la Vie de l'Arbre, 14-15/04/94, pp. 67-97. , Cruiziat P. (Ed.), Séminaire du Groupe d'Étude de l'Arbre, Inra-PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand Theix; Cochard, H., Bréda, N., Granier, A., Whole-tree hydraulic conductance and water losss regulation of Quercus petraea during drought: Evidence for stomatal control of embolism? (1996) Ann. Sci. For., 53, pp. 197-206; Cochard, H., Ridolfi, M., Dreyer, E., Responses to water stress in an ABA-unresponsive hybrid poplar (Populus koreana x trichocalpa cv 'Peace') II: Hydraulic properties and xylem embolism (1996) New Phytol., 134, pp. 455-461; Cochard, H., Peiffer, M., Le Gall, K., Granier, A., Developmental control of xylem hydraulic resistances and vulnerability to embolism in Fraxinus excelsior L.: Impacts on water relations (1997) J. Exp. Bot., 48, pp. 655-663; Cochard, H., Granier, A., Fonctionnement hydraulique des arbres forestiers (1999) Rev. For. Fr., 2, pp. 121-134; Cochard, H., Lemoine, D., Dreyer, E., The effects of acclimation to sunlight on the xylem vulnerability to embolism in Fagus sylvatica L. (1999) Plant Cell Environ., 22, pp. 101-108; Cochard, H., Martin, R., Gross, P., Bogeat-Triboulot, M.B., Temperature effects on hydraulic conductance and water relations of Quercus robur L. (2000) J. Exp. Bot., 51, pp. 1255-1259; Cochard, H., Bodet, C., Améglio, T., Cruiziat, P., Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy Observations of Vessel Content during Transpiration in Walnut Petioles. Facts or Artifacts? 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DA - 2011/11/11 DO - doi 10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303 10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303 IS - 1 N1 - doi: 10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303 PY - 1979 SN - 0084-6597 SP - 443-472 ST - The Role of NO and NO2 in the Chemistry of the Troposphere and Stratosphere T2 - Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences TI - The Role of NO and NO2 in the Chemistry of the Troposphere and Stratosphere UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.07.050179.002303 VL - 7 ID - 612 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Currie, D. J. PY - 1991 SP - 27-49 ST - Energy and large-scale patterns of animal- and plant-species richness T2 - American Naturalist TI - Energy and large-scale patterns of animal- and plant-species richness VL - 137 ID - 613 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We compared simulated time series of nitrogen-15 (15 N) redistribution following a large-scale labeling experiment against field recoveries of 15 NH4 + and 15 NO3 - in vegetation tissues. We sought to gain insight into the altered modes of N cycling under long-term, experimentally elevated N inputs. The study took place in two contrasting forests: a red pine stand and a mixed deciduous stand (predominantly oak) at the Harvard Forest, Massachusetts, USA. We used TRACE, a dynamic simulation model of ecosystem biogeochemistry that includes ${}^{15}{\rm N}/{}^{14}{\rm N}$ ratios in N pools and fluxes. We simulated input-output and internal fluxes of N, tracing the labeled cohorts of N inputs through ecosystem pools for one decade. Trace simulated the peaks and timing of 15 N recovery in foliage well, providing a key link between modeling and field studies. Recovery of tracers in fine roots was captured less well. The model was structured to provide rapid, initial sinks for 15 NO3 - and 15 NH4 + in both forests, as indicated by field data. In simulations, N in litter turned over rapidly, even as humus provided a long-term sink for rapidly cycling N. This sink was greater in the oak forest. Plant uptake fluxes of N in these fertilized plots were on the same order of magnitude as net assimilation fluxes in forest-floor humus. A striking result was the small rate of incorporation of N in humus resulting from the transfer of litter material to humus, compared with large fluxes of N into humus and its associated microorganisms through direct transfers from pools of inorganic N in soils. AU - Currie, W.S. AU - Nadelhoffer, K.J. PY - 1999 SP - 4-18 ST - Dynamic redistribution of isotopically labeled cohorts of nitrogen inputs in two temperate forests T2 - Ecosystems TI - Dynamic redistribution of isotopically labeled cohorts of nitrogen inputs in two temperate forests VL - 2 ID - 614 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Controlled field experiments to study the effects of heightened atmospheric inputs of nitrogen (N) to forests typically demonstrate that most N enters nonextractable pools in soil, while some N is taken up by vegetation, and varying amounts are exported. In a few experimental manipulations of N inputs to forests, 15N has been added as a tracer to more closely study the fates and redistributions of NH4 1 and NO3 2 at the ecosystem level. We developed TRACE, a biogeochemical process model based on previous models, to interpret ecosystem-level 15N field data following applications of 15N-enriched NO3 2 or NH4 1 at the Harvard Forest, Massachusetts, USA. We simulated the forms, masses, atom%, and timing of 15N applications in ambient and chronically fertilized plots over two growing seasons in coniferous and deciduous forest stands. Incorporating principles of stable-isotope redistributions, such as mass balance and pool dilution, into the process model provided a strong means of comparing alternative model formulations against field data. TRACE explicitly illustrated the manner in which rates of gross N turnover in soils could be high enough to provide strong sinks for 15N in ambient plots, while limited enough to allow much greater uptake of 15N by vegetation in fertilized plots. Ectorganic horizons, including litter and humified matter, were key in retaining 15N inputs. We found that fine root uptake and turnover could not account for the rapid movement of 15N into soil pools; direct assimilation into soil pools was required for both NH4 1 and NO3 2 in both deciduous and coniferous forests. Such high rates of N assimilation could not be accounted for by microbial biomass production using detrital C as the substrate. These findings have farranging implications for understanding the reciprocal effects of N deposition on forest C budgets, and forest C cycling on ecosystem N retention AU - Currie, W.S. AU - Nadelhoffer, K.J. AU - Aber, J.D. KW - acid deposition biogeochemistry decomposition forest floor humus isotope tracers leaching litterfall mineralization N retention and saturation nitrification nutrient uptake, model PY - 1999 SP - 87-102 ST - Soil detrital processes controlling the movement of 15N tracers to forest vegetation T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Soil detrital processes controlling the movement of 15N tracers to forest vegetation VL - 9 ID - 615 ER - TY - JOUR AU - D, P. J. Yoo AU - Jaeger, S. LB - d02 PY - 2002 SP - 435-445 ST - Changing Seasons: An Effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation? T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Changing Seasons: An Effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation? VL - 15 ID - 616 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Cover crops alter many aspects of the hydrologic cycle. They increase evapotranspiration while growing and can enhance water infiltration into soil, slow runoff rates, and reduce soil erosion in both conventional-till and no-till systems throughout the year. However, the difference between the results of plot and watershed studies demonstrate that caution should be taken in extrapolating plot data to watershed scales. As scale increases, so does the influence of hydraulically-controlling subsurface soil horizons. Unfortunately, most of the available cover crop research comes from relatively small plats and very few watershed studies have been initiated in recent years. Perennial cover crops offer the potential for altering the porosity of subsurface soil horizons so as to increase future soil productivity and reduce future runoff amounts and rates. AU - Dabney, Seth M. IS - 3 PY - 1998 SP - 207-213 ST - Cover crop impacts on watershed hydrology T2 - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation TI - Cover crop impacts on watershed hydrology UR - http://www.jswconline.org/content/53/3/207.abstract VL - 53 ID - 3339 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Dachs, H. et al. (Hrsg.) CY - Wien PB - Manz Verlag PY - 2006 SE - 1076 ST - Politik in Österreich. Das Handbuch TI - Politik in Österreich. Das Handbuch ID - 617 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Daehler, C. C. LB - daeh01 PY - 2001 SP - 101-102 ST - Two ways to be an invader, but one is more suitable for ecology T2 - Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America TI - Two ways to be an invader, but one is more suitable for ecology VL - 82 ID - 618 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In a world faced with accelerating climate change, economic instability and resource limits, it is urgent to find better indicators of progress towards sustainability. The available indicators mostly succeed at measuring unsustainable trends that can be targeted by management action, but fall short of defining or ensuring sustainability. A recent review of environmental assessment and reporting at the national level for the United Nations Environment Programme shows about half of reporting countries to be using indicators and provides some lessons learned. However indicators at the national level are not sufficient. The challenges ahead include finding indicators of change in dynamic systems, establishing sustainability targets towards which national progress can be measured, developing global level indicators of planetary sustainability, and providing individuals with indicators reflecting their own progress and providing positive incentives for further efforts. Finally, since achieving sustainability is fundamentally an ethical challenge, a new set of values-based indicators is required to measure and motivate the implementation of ethical principles necessary to guide the transition towards sustainability. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - International Environment Forum, 12B Chemin de Maisonneuve, CH-1219 Chatelaine, Geneva, Switzerland Dahl, A.L. International Environment Forum, 12B Chemin de Maisonneuve, CH-1219 Chatelaine, Geneva, Switzerland email: dahla@bluewin.ch AU - Dahl, A. L. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.04.032 J2 - Ecol. Indic. KW - Ethics Indicators National Sustainability Systems Values Economic instability Environmental assessment Ethical principles Global levels National level United Nations Environment Programme Climate change Computer systems Indicators (instruments) Philosophical aspects Sustainable development development indicator economic conditions environmental assessment environmental indicator ethics market transition national strategy resource scarcity socioeconomic indicator sustainability United Nations Environment Program LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):20 References: Anello, E., Ethical Infrastructure for Good Governance in the Public Pharmaceutical Sector (2006) Working Draft for Field Testing and Revision, , November 2006. World Health Organization, Geneva (including material adapted from Rawls, J.; 1999. A Theory of Justice. Rev. Ed. Harvard University Press, Cambridge); (1995) Prosperity of Humankind. 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UNEP/GC.25/INF/12/add.1. (last accessed on 28 July 2009); (2008) Living Planet Report 2008. World Wide Fund for Nature, , http://www.panda.org/news_facts/publications/living_planet_report/index. cfm, Zoological Society of London, Global Footprint Network. WWF, Gland Switzerland (last accessed on 28 July 2009) PY - 2012 SN - 1470160X SP - 14-19 ST - Achievements and gaps in indicators for sustainability T2 - Ecological Indicators TI - Achievements and gaps in indicators for sustainability UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84855787146&partnerID=40&md5=2330ce26ed530150a52d18fc61115dd6 VL - 17 ID - 3516 ER - TY - JOUR AD - Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, United States Dale, V.H. Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6038, United States email: vhd@ornl.gov AU - Dale, V. H. AU - Joyce, L. A. AU - McNulty, S. AU - Neilson, R. P. AU - Ayres, M. P. AU - Flannigan, M. D. 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PY - 1996 SP - 1-186 ST - Gletscher-, Landschafts- und Klimaentwicklung in der Rieserfernergruppe (Tirol) seit dem Spätglazial T2 - Göttinger Geographische Abhandlungen TI - Gletscher-, Landschafts- und Klimaentwicklung in der Rieserfernergruppe (Tirol) seit dem Spätglazial VL - 104 ID - 620 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B. PY - 1998 SP - 141-159 ST - Der Ablauf des Gletscherrückzuges in der Rieserfernergruppe (Tirol) im Anschluss an den Hochstand um 1850 T2 - Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie TI - Der Ablauf des Gletscherrückzuges in der Rieserfernergruppe (Tirol) im Anschluss an den Hochstand um 1850 VL - 34 ID - 621 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B. PY - 1999 SP - 49-55 ST - L' evolutione dei ghiacciai, del paesaggio e del clima nei Monti di Tures (Alto Adige) dal Tardiglaciale T2 - Geografia Fisica e Dinamica Quaternaria TI - L' evolutione dei ghiacciai, del paesaggio e del clima nei Monti di Tures (Alto Adige) dal Tardiglaciale VL - 22 ID - 622 ER - TY - UNPB AU - DAMM, B. PB - Universität Göttingen PY - 2005 SP - 8 ST - Murereignisse am Klammbach im Antholzertal im Juli/August 2005. Ergebnisse der Feldbegehungen und Messungen TI - Murereignisse am Klammbach im Antholzertal im Juli/August 2005. Ergebnisse der Feldbegehungen und Messungen ID - 623 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B. PY - 2006 SP - 87-99 ST - Late Quaternary glacier advances in the upper catchment area of the Indus River (Ladakh and Western Tibet) T2 - Quaternary International TI - Late Quaternary glacier advances in the upper catchment area of the Indus River (Ladakh and Western Tibet) VL - 154-155 ID - 624 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B., BORK, H.-R. & B. TERHORST, EDS. ST - Quaternary landscape evolution and morphodynamics of terrestrial ecosystems T2 - Quaternary International TI - Quaternary landscape evolution and morphodynamics of terrestrial ecosystems ID - 625 ER - TY - GEN AU - DAMM, B. AU - FELDERER, A. PY - 2008 SP - 29-32 ST - Identifikation und Abschätzung von Murprozessen als Folge von Gletscherrückgang und Permafrostdegradation im Naturpark Rieserferner-Ahrn (Südtirol) T2 - Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt TI - Identifikation und Abschätzung von Murprozessen als Folge von Gletscherrückgang und Permafrostdegradation im Naturpark Rieserferner-Ahrn (Südtirol) VL - 62 ID - 626 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DAMM, B. AU - FELDERER, A. PY - 2009 ST - Climate Change and natural hazards - debris flow hazards derived from warming of the cryosphere in the southern Eastern Alps (Italy) T2 - Quaternary Science Journal TI - Climate Change and natural hazards - debris flow hazards derived from warming of the cryosphere in the southern Eastern Alps (Italy) ID - 627 ER - TY - GEN AU - DAMM, B. AU - LANGER, M. PY - 2006 SP - 295-314 ST - Kartierung und Regionalisierung von Permafrostindikatoren im Rieserfernergebiet (Südtirol/Osttirol) T2 - Mitteilungen der Österreichischen Geographischen Gesellschaft TI - Kartierung und Regionalisierung von Permafrostindikatoren im Rieserfernergebiet (Südtirol/Osttirol) ID - 628 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Damoser, J. Hofer E. PY - 1995 SP - 137-141 ST - Brucella suis Biovar 2-Infektionen beim Feldhasen T2 - Z. Jagdwiss. TI - Brucella suis Biovar 2-Infektionen beim Feldhasen VL - 41 ID - 629 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Damoser, J., Hofer, E. PY - 1995 SP - 137-141 ST - Brucella suis Biovar 2-Infektionen beim Feldhasen T2 - Z. Jagdwiss. TI - Brucella suis Biovar 2-Infektionen beim Feldhasen VL - 41 ID - 630 ER - TY - THES AU - Damyanovic, Doris. CY - Guthmann Peterson Verlag, Wien PB - Dissertation an der Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2007 ST - Landschaftsplanung als Qualitätssicherung zur Umsetzung der Strategie des Gender Mainstreaming TI - Landschaftsplanung als Qualitätssicherung zur Umsetzung der Strategie des Gender Mainstreaming ID - 3622 ER - TY - JOUR AB - • This study aims to link three-dimensional coarse root architecture to tree stability in mature timber trees with an average of 1-m rooting depth. • Undamaged and uprooted trees were sampled in a stand damaged by a storm. Root architecture was measured by three-dimensional (3-D) digitizing. The distribution of root volume by root type and in wind-oriented sectors was analysed. • Mature Pinus pinaster root systems were organized in a rigid 'cage' composed of a taproot, the zone of rapid taper of horizontal surface roots and numerous sinkers and deep roots, imprisoning a large mass of soil and guyed by long horizontal surface roots. Key compartments for stability exhibited strong selective leeward or windward reinforcement. Uprooted trees showed a lower cage volume, a larger proportion of oblique and intermediate depth horizontal roots and less wind-oriented root reinforcement. • Pinus pinaster stability on moderately deep soils is optimized through a typical rooting pattern and a considerable structural adaptation to the prevailing wind and soil profile. © New Phytologist (2005). AD - INRA - Bordeaux, EPHYSE, 69, route d'Arcachon, F-33612 Gazinet Cedex, France CIRAD Departement AMIS, Laboratoire de Rhéologie du Bois de Bordeaux (UMR CNRS, INRA), Université Bordeaux I, 69 route d'Arcachon, F-33612 Gazinet Cedex, France LIAMA, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PB 2728, Beijing 100080, China Danjon, F. INRA - Bordeaux, EPHYSE, 69, route d'Arcachon, F-33612 Gazinet Cedex, France email: fred@pierroton.inra.fr AU - Danjon, F. AU - Fourcaud, T. AU - Bert, D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01497.x IS - 2 J2 - New Phytol. 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PY - 2008 ST - Wirtschaftsdünger im Biolandbau – Aufbereitung und Einsatz T2 - Der fortschrittliche Landwirt, Sonderbeilage TI - Wirtschaftsdünger im Biolandbau – Aufbereitung und Einsatz ID - 633 ER - TY - RPRT AU - A., Darabant AU - K., Katzensteiner AU - G., Gratzer AU - S., Dorji PB - Vienna, Austria, ÖBF, Ämter d. Stmk., Tiroler und Salzburger Landesregierungen, Gemeinde Wien PY - 2009 ST - Pilotstudie: Resilienz von Schutzwäldern in den Nördlichen Kalkalpen. TI - Pilotstudie: Resilienz von Schutzwäldern in den Nördlichen Kalkalpen. ID - 3414 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Darné, S. AU - Sinclair, S. A. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01984.x IS - 1 PY - 2006 SN - 1365-2230 SP - 155-156 ST - A sandfly in Surrey? A case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the United Kingdom without history of recent travel to an endemic area T2 - Clinical and Experimental Dermatology TI - A sandfly in Surrey? A case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the United Kingdom without history of recent travel to an endemic area UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2005.01984.x VL - 31 ID - 634 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Dasgupta, P. PB - University of Cambridge. PY - 2006 ST - Comments on the Stern Review's Economics of Climate Change TI - Comments on the Stern Review's Economics of Climate Change ID - 635 ER - TY - DBASE AU - Database, USDA Plant DA - 12 September 2006 N1 - Ambrosia artemisiifolia PB - National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA PY - 2006 TI - Ambrosia artemisiifolia UR - http://plants.usda.gov ID - 636 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Daubenmire, R. PY - 1954 SP - 11. 119-136. ST - Alpine timberlines in the Americas and their interpretation. Butler Univ. Bot. Studies TI - Alpine timberlines in the Americas and their interpretation. Butler Univ. Bot. Studies ID - 637 ER - TY - GEN AU - Davenport, Alan G. AU - Grimmond, C. Sue B. AU - Oke, Tim R. 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PY - 1937 SP - 477-481 ST - Über den Verlauf der Tularämie in Österreich. Dtsch. tierärzt. Wschr. T2 - Dtsch. tierärzt. Wschr. TI - Über den Verlauf der Tularämie in Österreich VL - 45 ID - 641 ER - TY - JOUR AU - David, H. PY - 1937 SP - 45, 477-481. ST - Über den Verlauf der Tularämie in Österreich. Dtsch. tierärzt. Wschr. TI - Über den Verlauf der Tularämie in Österreich. Dtsch. tierärzt. Wschr ID - 642 ER - TY - CONF AU - David, H. CY - Berlin PY - 1937 ST - Zur Diagnose der Tularämie des Menschen und der Tiere. 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie, Berlin. T2 - 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie TI - Zur Diagnose der Tularämie des Menschen und der Tiere. 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie ID - 643 ER - TY - JOUR AU - David, H. PY - 1937 ST - Zur Diagnose der Tularämie des Menschen und der Tiere. 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie, Berlin. TI - Zur Diagnose der Tularämie des Menschen und der Tiere. 17. Tagung der Deutschen Vereinigung für Mikrobiologie, Berlin ID - 644 ER - TY - JOUR AU - David, H. PY - 1947 SP - 523-544 ST - Untersuchungen über die Tularämie in Österreich (1935-1945). Wien. Tie-rärztl. Mschr. T2 - Tierärztl. Mschr. TI - Untersuchungen über die Tularämie in Österreich (1935-1945). Wien VL - 10 ID - 645 ER - TY - JOUR AU - David, H. PY - 1947 SP - 10, 523-544. ST - Untersuchungen über die Tularämie in Österreich (1935-1945). Wien. Tie-rärztl. Mschr. TI - Untersuchungen über die Tularämie in Österreich (1935-1945). Wien. Tie-rärztl. Mschr ID - 646 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Davidson, Eric A AU - Janssens, Ivan A LB - davidson:06a PY - 2006 SP - 165-173 ST - Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change T2 - Nature TI - Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition and feedbacks to climate change VL - i440 ID - 647 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Davidson, Eric A AU - Richardson, A D AU - Savage, KE AU - Hollinger, DY LB - davidson:06c PY - 2006 SP - 230-239 ST - A distinct seasonal pattern of the ratio of soil respiration to total ecosystem respiration in a spruce-dominated forest T2 - Global Change Biology TI - A distinct seasonal pattern of the ratio of soil respiration to total ecosystem respiration in a spruce-dominated forest VL - 12 ID - 648 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Direct shear box tests have revealed that the stiffness and strength of an ice-filled joint are a function of both normal stress and temperature. Comparison of these data with the results of similar experiments conducted on unfrozen joints indicates that at low temperatures and normal stresses the strength of an ice-filled joint can be significantly higher than that of an unfrozen joint. However, in the absence of sufficient closure pressure, the strength of an ice-filled joint can be significantly less than that of an unfrozen joint. This implies that if the stability of a slope is maintained by ice-filled joints, its factor of safety will reduce with temperature rise. This hypothesis suggests that a jointed rock slope that is stable when there is no ice in the joints and is also stable when ice in the joints is at low temperatures will become unstable as the ice warms. Results from the model tests have confirmed this hypothesis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. RÉSUMÉ Des tests de cisaillement directs ont révélés que la rigidité et la résistance d'un joint rempli de glace est fonction à la fois de la contrainte normale et de la température (Davies et al., 2000). La comparaison de ces données avec les résultats d'expériences semblables conduites sur des joints non gelés indique qu'à basse température et pour des contraintes normales identiques, la résistance d'un joint rempli de glace peut être plus élevée d'une manière significative que celle d'un joint non gelé. Toutefois, en l'absence d'une pression de fermeture suffisante, la résistance d'un tel joint rempli de glace peut être significativement moindre que celle d'une fissure non gelée. Ceci implique que si la stabilité de la pente est maintenue par des joints remplis de glace, son facteur de sécurité sera réduit avec l'augmentation de la température. Cette hypothèse suggère qu'une pente de roches fissurées qui est stable quand il n'y a pas de glace dans les joints et est aussi stable quand la glace dans les joints est à basse température, deviendra instable quand la glace s'échauffe. Des résultats obtenus par des tests ont confirmé ce résultat. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AU - Davies, Michael C. R. AU - Hamza, Omar AU - Harris, Charles DO - 10.1002/ppp.378 IS - 1 KW - Ice frozen rock slopes laboratory experiments permafrost slope stability PY - 2001 SN - 1099-1530 SP - 137-144 ST - The effect of rise in mean annual temperature on the stability of rock slopes containing ice-filled discontinuities T2 - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes TI - The effect of rise in mean annual temperature on the stability of rock slopes containing ice-filled discontinuities UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.378 VL - 12 ID - 649 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Davies, N.E. PY - 1968 SP - 305-317 ST - An optimum summer weather index T2 - Weather TI - An optimum summer weather index VL - 23 ID - 650 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Society, American Meteorological AU - Davis, R.E. AU - Knappenberger, P.C. AU - Michaels, P.J. AU - Novicoff, W.M. CY - San Antonio, Texas, USA PY - 2007 SP - 2.4 ST - A mortality-based heat wave climatology for U.S. cities T2 - 16th Conference on Applied Climatology TI - A mortality-based heat wave climatology for U.S. cities ID - 651 ER - TY - JOUR AU - de Bruin, K. AU - Dellink, R. AU - Ruijs, A. AU - Bolwidt, L. AU - van Buuren, A. AU - Graveland, J. AU - de Groot, R. AU - Kuikman, P. AU - Reinhard, S. AU - Roetter, R. AU - Tassone, V. AU - Verhagen, A. AU - van Ierland, E. IS - 1 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0165-0009 PY - 2009 SP - 23 ST - Adapting to climate change in The Netherlands: an inventory of climate adaptation options and ranking of alternatives T2 - Climatic Change TI - Adapting to climate change in The Netherlands: an inventory of climate adaptation options and ranking of alternatives UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-009-9576-4 VL - 95 ID - 652 ER - TY - CPAPER A2 - R.J. de Dear, J.D. Kalma, T.R. Oke and A. Auliciems AU - De Dear, R., Pickup, J. CY - Sydney PB - WCASP-50, WMO/TD PY - 1999 SP - 285-290 T2 - Conference ICB-ICUC’99 Biometeorology and Urban Climatology at the Turn of the Millenium TI - An outdoor thermal comfort index (OUT_SET*) – Part II – Applications VL - 1026 ID - 653 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The study examines methods for assessing the atmospheric resource component of recreation environments. Beach use is selected as it is a highly weather sensitive recreational activity. The study area is King's Beach in Queensland, Australia. The nature of the relationship between beach climate and the enjoyment of recreational pursuits is taken to be a function of thermal, physical, and aesthetic components of the atmospheric environment. A body-atmosphere heat-budget model is used to integrate and isolate the thermal component of beach weather and enable identification of important non-thermal recreational resource attributes of the atmosphere. Beach-user sensory perception of on-site atmospheric conditions expressed verbally is used to assess the physical and aesthetic components of the atmospheric environment. The immediate thermal environment of the beach user is the main contributing factor to assessments of the desirability of on-site meteorological conditions, followed by the non-thermal effects of cloud and wind. Rainfall events of half-hour duration or longer have an overriding effect. AU - de Freitas, C. R. DO - 10.1002/joc.3370100110 IS - 1 KW - Recreation climate Human thermal climate Human response to climate Beach climate PY - 1990 SN - 1097-0088 SP - 89-103 ST - Recreation climate assessment T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Recreation climate assessment UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.3370100110 VL - 10 ID - 654 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This work grew from initiatives of the International Society of Biometeorology's Commission on Climate, Tourism and Recreation (ISBCCTR). The ISBCCTR was formed during the 15th Congress of the ISB held in November 1999 in Sydney, Australia. The aim of ISBCCTR is to promote research in tourism climatology. The first formal meeting of the Commission took place at the Meliton Resort, Halkidiki, Greece, 5–10 October 2001. The aims were to (1) bring together a selection of scientists and tourism experts to review the current state of knowledge of tourism climatology and (2) explore areas and priorities for future work and the role of the Commission in this. The Workshop highlighted the fact that, although climate is widely recognised as vitally important to tourism, relatively little is known about its effects. Even less is known about the economic impact or significance of climate on commercial prospects for tourism. Important research themes that warrant attention were identified. Among these was the need for a tourism climate index (or indices) that integrates all facets of climate, uses standard data and is objectively tested and verified. Work is also required on developing a better understanding of what climate-related information is required by both tourists and the tourism industry, exploring the distinction between the impact of climate on tourists and the impact on the tourism industry, setting a standard approach to tourism climate assessment, assessing the role of weather forecasts and long-term expectations of climate on choices made by tourists, the risks to tourism caused by extreme atmospheric events, what climate-related criteria people use to make decisions about tourism and recreational choices, how products giving information about weather and climate are currently used by the recreation and tourism industry and what are the existing and future requirements for this climate information. AU - de Freitas, C. R. DO - 10.1007/s00484-003-0177-z IS - 1 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 2003 SN - 0020-7128 SP - 45-54 ST - Tourism climatology: evaluating environmental information for decision making and business planning in the recreation and tourism sector T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Tourism climatology: evaluating environmental information for decision making and business planning in the recreation and tourism sector UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-003-0177-z VL - 48 ID - 655 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Matzarakis, A. A2 - de Freitas, C. R. (eds) AB - It is generally accepted that climate is an important part of the region’s tourism resource base, but its role in determining the suitability of a region for tourism is often assumed to be self evident and therefore to require no elaboration. Relatively little is known, other than in very general terms, about the effects of climate on tourism or the role it plays. And even less is known about the economic impact or significance of climate on commercial prospects for tourism. The whole area involving which climate related-criteria people use to make decisions about tourism and recreation choices is largely unresearched, but highly relevant to a variety of applications. Thus far, much of the research specifically on climate reported in the journal literature has been superficial in that relationships between climate and tourism are assumed rather than observed and seldom objectively tested. Moreover, the research is largely devoid of any clearly structured conceptual framework or frameworks that embrace important theory, paradigms, processes and interactions. These theoretical frameworks are important because they provide a basis for data generation, hypothesis testing and further theory generation. Without this, it is difficult to develop a coherent set of research methods; and perhaps more importantly, develop models that constitute a bridge between the observational and theoretical levels that can assist is building a coherent knowledge base for understanding, explanation and prediction. This paper reviews the work so far on climate and tourism with a view to identifying what concepts and theoretical frameworks may already exist and looks to ways these may be drawn together in future research. AU - De Freitas, C.R. PY - 2001 SP - 3-20 ST - Theory, concepts and methods in climate tourism research T2 - Proceedings of the first international workshop on climate, tourism and recreation. International Society of Biometeorology, Commission on Climate Tourism and Recreation TI - Theory, concepts and methods in climate tourism research ID - 656 ER - TY - BOOK AU - de Lattin, G. 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CY - Santiago, Chile PB - United Nations PY - 2004 ST - A methodological approach to gender analysis in natural disaster assessment: a guide for the Caribbean T3 - CEPAL Serie Manuales TI - A methodological approach to gender analysis in natural disaster assessment: a guide for the Caribbean UR - http://www.cepal.org/publicaciones/xml/4/19574/lcl2123i.pdf VL - 31 Y2 - 10.2.2013 ID - 3623 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dedie, K., Bockemühl, J., Kühn, H., Volkmer, K. J., Weinke, T. PY - 1993 ST - Bakterielle Zoonosen bei Tier und Mensch. Enke, Stuttgart. TI - Bakterielle Zoonosen bei Tier und Mensch. Enke, Stuttgart ID - 659 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dedie, K. AU - Bockemühl, J. AU - Kühn, H. AU - Volkmer, K. J. AU - Weinke, T. PY - 1993 ST - Bakterielle Zoonosen bei Tier und Mensch. Enke, Stuttgart. TI - Bakterielle Zoonosen bei Tier und Mensch. Enke, Stuttgart ID - 660 ER - TY - JOUR AB - ERA-Interim is the latest global atmospheric reanalysis produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The ERA-Interim project was conducted in part to prepare for a new atmospheric reanalysis to replace ERA-40, which will extend back to the early part of the twentieth century. This article describes the forecast model, data assimilation method, and input datasets used to produce ERA-Interim, and discusses the performance of the system. Special emphasis is placed on various difficulties encountered in the production of ERA-40, including the representation of the hydrological cycle, the quality of the stratospheric circulation, and the consistency in time of the reanalysed fields. We provide evidence for substantial improvements in each of these aspects. We also identify areas where further work is needed and describe opportunities and objectives for future reanalysis projects at ECMWF. © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society. AD - European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, United Kingdom Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, Darmstadt, Germany Department of Meteorology and Geophysics, University of Vienna, Austria School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, United Kingdom Korea Meteorological Administration, Seoul, South Korea Dee, D.P. ECMWF, Shinfield Park, Reading RG2 9AX, United Kingdom email: dick.dee@ecmwf.int AU - Dee, D. P. AU - Uppala, S. M. AU - Simmons, A. J. AU - Berrisford, P. AU - Poli, P. AU - Kobayashi, S. AU - Andrae, U. AU - Balmaseda, M. A. AU - Balsamo, G. AU - Bauer, P. AU - Bechtold, P. AU - Beljaars, A. C. M. AU - van de Berg, L. AU - Bidlot, J. AU - Bormann, N. AU - Delsol, C. AU - Dragani, R. AU - Fuentes, M. AU - Geer, A. J. AU - Haimberger, L. AU - Healy, S. B. AU - Hersbach, H. AU - Hólm, E. V. AU - Isaksen, L. AU - Kållberg, P. AU - Köhler, M. AU - Matricardi, M. AU - McNally, A. P. AU - Monge-Sanz, B. M. AU - Morcrette, J. J. AU - Park, B. K. AU - Peubey, C. AU - de Rosnay, P. AU - Tavolato, C. AU - Thépaut, J. N. AU - Vitart, F. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1002/qj.828 IS - 656 J2 - Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 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Soc., 91, pp. S19-S52. , eds.); Wonnacott, T.H., Wonnacott, R., (1997) Introductory Statistics, , John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK PY - 2011 SN - 00359009 SP - 553-597 ST - The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system T2 - Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society TI - The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79955446270&partnerID=40&md5=fe2c24832cd3dad0a2cb35571fcc2af4 VL - 137 ID - 3501 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DEFAGO, G. PY - 1937 SP - 94-136 ST - Observations sur les punaises des céréales en Suisse. T2 - Extrait du « Bull. Murithienne », Soc. valais. sci. natur. TI - Observations sur les punaises des céréales en Suisse VL - 54 ID - 661 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Defila, C. AU - Clot, B. LB - defi01 PY - 2001 SP - 203-207 ST - Phytophenological trends in Switzerland T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Phytophenological trends in Switzerland VL - 45 ID - 662 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Acute lymphocytic meningitis, seen in France in summer, is often due to enteroviruses. Arboviruses as West Nile and tick-borne encephalitis do exist in Europe, but other viruses are rarely considered in patients unless they have had recent tropical travel. Toscana virus infection, which is endemic, especially in Italy,1-3 has been documented in some European travelers returning from Italy,4-6 but surprisingly was not documented in France until recently.7 We report a case of meningitis caused by Toscana virus imported to France. AU - Defuentes, G. AU - Rapp, C. AU - Imbert, P. AU - Durand, J.P. AU - Debord, T. IS - 5 PY - 2005 SP - 295-296 ST - Acute meningitis owing to phlebotomus fever Toscana virus imported to France T2 - J Travel Med TI - Acute meningitis owing to phlebotomus fever Toscana virus imported to France VL - 12 ID - 663 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Degirmenci, H. CY - Hamburg PB - Diplomica Verlag PY - 2010 ST - Städtetourismus für die Zielgruppe „Best Ager“ am Beispiel einer Potenzialanalyse für die Hansestadt Bremen TI - Städtetourismus für die Zielgruppe „Best Ager“ am Beispiel einer Potenzialanalyse für die Hansestadt Bremen ID - 664 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dehn, Martin DA - October LB - dehn1999 N1 - monatliche Temperaturen und Niederschlag für Cortina; ECHAM4 und HadCM2; unterschiedliche "fitting periods" (22-61 -> 62-91 und 46-75 -> 22-44,76-94) zeigen weniger Auswirkungen als unterschiedliche GCMs; lokaler Niederschlag mittels Analogmethode erstellt (täglicher SLP:20-70N/70W-20E; 5EOF) r=0.02(JJA)-0.52(DJF); lokaler Temperatur mittels GCM Gitterwert; ***wirklich einfach eine GCM Gitterpunktsreihe fuer die monatliche cortina temp.reihe? >wird noch mit dem CR korregiert - werd aber nicht ganz schlau wie sie das gemacht haben >> zu deiner zusatzfrage: >> es wird wohl der taegliche niederschlag rekonstruiert auf basis von >>taeglichen analogen >> slp-felder. nur die korrelationskoeffizienten werden dann saisional >>bestimmt. es werden nicht nur die niederschlagssummen fuer jede saison >>verglichen sondern auch die tage mit weniger als 0.2 mm und solche >>faktoren wie "low frequency variability" high. >>." und q0.9 (was immer das auch sein mag), zur bestimmung dieser >>benoetigt man jedoch tagswerte. es zeigt sich eine Temperaturerhöhung von bis zu 3 grad C zum Ende des Jahrhunderts, die Niederschlagsänderung ist abhängig vom verwendeten GCM und liegt zwischen -/+ 30% Vergleichsraum 1960-1989 (bzw.50-79) mit 2070-2099 PY - 1999 SP - 103 -- 113 ST - Application of an analog downscaling technique to the assessment of future landslide activity - a case study in the Italian Alps T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Application of an analog downscaling technique to the assessment of future landslide activity - a case study in the Italian Alps VL - 13 ID - 665 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Deichsel, G. AU - Trampisch, H. J. CY - Stuttgart KW - Cluster_analysis LB - deichsel1985 PB - Gustav Fischer Verlag PY - 1985 SP - 135 pp. ST - Clusteranalyse und Diskriminanzanalyse TI - Clusteranalyse und Diskriminanzanalyse ID - 666 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Del Bene G, Gargani E. PY - 1989 SP - 403-420 ST - Contributo alla conoscenza di Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Redia 72(2), 403-420. T2 - Redia TI - Contributo alla conoscenza di Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) VL - 72(2) ID - 667 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DEL BENE G., GARGANI E PY - 1989 ST - Contributo alla conoscenza di Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Redia 72(2), 403-420. TI - Contributo alla conoscenza di Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Redia 72(2), 403-420 ID - 668 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: Leishmania infantum recently has been identified as a possible agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). This species has been isolated from cutaneous lesions of patients from the Mediterranean Basin. However, little is known about the clinical, biological, or therapeutic features of this newly recognized CL. OBSERVATIONS: Six patients aged 9 months to 85 years in southeastern France were found to have autochthonous leishmaniasis. Parasitological identification showed that the agent was L infantum, zymodemes Montpellier-1 for 2 patients and Montpellier-24 for 1 patient. Five patients who underwent testing with a Western blot assay were found to have antibodies against 4 antigens with molecular masses of 18, 21, 23, and 31 kd. Five patients were successfully treated with local injections of N-methylglucamine, and 1 patient was successfully treated with topical paromomycin sulfate. No patient had visceral disease at diagnosis or after follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Recent data provide increasing evidence that L infantum is an important agent of CL. In southwestern Europe, this species is the only agent that has long been identified from autochthonous CL. Leishmania infantum should be considered an agent of CL in areas in which visceral leishmaniasis is endemic. Western blot assay could be a useful test for the diagnosis, but precise parasitological identification is important to having a better knowledge of the disease. The relationships between CL and the visceral disease have to be explored. AU - del Giudice, P. AU - Marty, P. AU - Lacour, J.P. AU - Perrin, C. AU - Pratlong, F. AU - Haas, H. AU - Dellamonica, P. AU - Le Fichoux, Y. IS - 2 PY - 1998 SP - 193-198 ST - Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum. Case reports and literature review. T2 - Archives of Dermatology TI - Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum. Case reports and literature review. VL - 134 ID - 669 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Delisle, F. C. Lavoie M. J. AU - Lachance, D. PY - 2003 SP - 1033-1042 ST - Reconstructing the spread of invasive plants: Taking into account biases associated with herbarium specimens. Journal of Biogeography, 30,1033-1042. T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - Reconstructing the spread of invasive plants: Taking into account biases associated with herbarium specimens VL - 30 ID - 670 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Delisle, F.C., Lavoie, M.J. AU - Lachance, D. PY - 2003 ST - Reconstructing the spread of invasive plants: Taking into account biases associated with herbarium specimens. Journal of Biogeography, 30,1033-1042. TI - Reconstructing the spread of invasive plants: Taking into account biases associated with herbarium specimens. Journal of Biogeography, 30,1033-1042 ID - 671 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Delworth, T. L. AU - Stouffer, R. J. AU - Dixon, K. W. AU - Spelman, M. J. AU - Knutson, T. R. AU - Broccoli, A. J. AU - Kushner, P. J. AU - Wetherald, R. T. LB - delworth2002 PY - 2002 SP - 555--574 ST - Review of simulations of climate variability and change with the GFDL R30 coupled climate model T2 - Climate Dyn. TI - Review of simulations of climate variability and change with the GFDL R30 coupled climate model VL - 19 ID - 672 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A comparative molecular study was performed on the three species of Phlebotomine sandflies belonging to the subgenus Transphlebotomus Artemiev whose morphological differentiation is difficult. All three species have been suspected, but never proven, to be vectors of Leishmania infantum. The ND4 gene from mtDNA was sequenced from specimens of five populations of Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi from Belgium (the first records of Phlebotomine sandflies from this country), France, and Germany. Additionally, specimens from one population of Lebanese P. canaaniticus Adler and Theodor and of one population of Cypriot P. economidesi Leger, Depaquit and Ferte topotypes were examined. The results reveal the validity of the three taxa inferred from molecular variation and a molecular homogeneity shared by all of the populations of P. mascittii included into the present study. The epidemiological consequences are discussed. AU - Depaquit, J. AU - Naucke, T.J. AU - Schmitt, C. AU - Ferté, H. AU - Léger, N. IS - 2 PY - 2005 SP - 113-116 ST - A molecular analysis of the subgenus Transphlebotomus Artemiev, 1984 (Phlebotomus, Diptera, Psychodidae) inferred from ND4 mtDNA with new northern records of Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi, 1908. T2 - Parasitologa Research TI - A molecular analysis of the subgenus Transphlebotomus Artemiev, 1984 (Phlebotomus, Diptera, Psychodidae) inferred from ND4 mtDNA with new northern records of Phlebotomus mascittii Grassi, 1908. VL - 95 ID - 673 ER - TY - WEB AU - Health, Department of M1 - 8.6.2011 PY - 2010 ST - Heatwave plan for England. Protecting health and reducing harm from extreme heat and heatwaves TI - Heatwave plan for England. Protecting health and reducing harm from extreme heat and heatwaves UR - http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/ PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_114430 ID - 674 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Déqué, M. AU - Dreveton, C. AU - Braun, A. AU - Cariolle, D. IS - 4-5 PY - 1995 SP - 249-266 ST - The ARPEGE/IFS atmosphere model: a contribution to the French community climate modelling T2 - Climate Dynamics TI - The ARPEGE/IFS atmosphere model: a contribution to the French community climate modelling VL - 10 ID - 3575 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Déqué, M. AU - Piedelievre, JP. PY - 1995 SP - 321-339 ST - High- Resolution climate simulation over Europe T2 - Clim. Dyn. TI - High- Resolution climate simulation over Europe VL - 11 ID - 3576 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Déqué, Michel DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.11.030 IS - 1–2 KW - numerical simulation regional climate scenario extreme values PY - 2007 SN - 0921-8181 SP - 16-26 ST - Frequency of precipitation and temperature extremes over France in an anthropogenic scenario: Model results and statistical correction according to observed values T2 - Global and Planetary Change TI - Frequency of precipitation and temperature extremes over France in an anthropogenic scenario: Model results and statistical correction according to observed values UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818106002748 VL - 57 ID - 3574 ER - TY - DBASE AU - Dersch G AU - Duboc, O. CY - http://www.ages.at/ages/landwirtschaftliche-sachgebiete/boden/aktuelles/entwicklung- der-humusversorgung-der-ackerboeden/ PY - 2011 TI - Entwicklung der Humusversorgung der Ackerböden. ID - 3340 ER - TY - THES A3 - Katzensteiner, K. AU - Dervishi, V. AU - Eberhard, B. AU - Pfeifer, U. AU - Unterkofler, M. CY - Wien PB - Boku PY - 2011 ST - Wurzelsystem der Lärche auf Pseudogley T2 - Inst. f. Waldökologie TI - Wurzelsystem der Lärche auf Pseudogley VL - Bakk. ID - 675 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Deschka, G. LB - desc95 PY - 1995 SP - 77-128 ST - Schmetterlinge als Einwanderer T2 - Stapfia TI - Schmetterlinge als Einwanderer VL - 37 ID - 676 ER - TY - JOUR AB - As the AIDS pandemic spreads to rural areas and human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) becomes more common in suburban areas, there is an ever greater degree of overlap between the geographical distributions of the two diseases and, in consequence, an increasing incidence of Leishmania/HIV co-infection. Cases of the co-infection have been reported from 35 countries around the world but most have been recorded in south–western Europe. There has been a total of 1911 cases detected in Spain, France, Italy and Portugal. The incidence of Leishmania/ HIV co-infection is expected to continue increasing in eastern Africa but to fall in south–western Europe as increasing numbers of HIV-positives in the latter region are given the new, highly active, antiretroviral therapy (HAART). In 1998, a world-wide network of surveillance for the co-infection, which now includes 28 member institutions, was established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). In south–western Europe, the surveillance system is based on 16 institutions and is already well established. The systematic use of standardized and recently computerized case-report forms, a central international registry at the WHO’s headquarters in Geneva, and the use of a geographical information system (GIS) for mapping and monitoring the co-infections have together improved the overall quality of the epidemiological data-gathering. All member institutions of the global network report to the WHO on an annual basis. The data collected are then analysed and periodically disseminated through international publications. The GIS allows the relevant epidemiological and demographic data-sets to be integrated and permits all detected cases of co-infection to be mapped down to locality level. The system also allows the spatial distribution of cases to be visualised and analysed and the geographical spread of the co-infection to be monitored over time. The risk posed by co-infected patients, as a source of Leishmania infection for the sand ies feeding on them, has recently been conŽ rmed. The parasites and HIV may also be transmitted as the result of needle-sharing among intravenous-drug users. AU - DESJEUX, P. AU - ALVAR, J. IS - 1 PY - 2003 SP - 3-15 ST - Leishmania/HIV co-infections: epidemiology in Europe T2 - Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology TI - Leishmania/HIV co-infections: epidemiology in Europe VL - 97 ID - 677 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Adger W.N., Lorenzoni I., and O'Brien K.L. (eds) AU - S., Dessai AU - M., Hulme AU - R., Lempert AU - R., Pielke Jr CY - Cambridge PB - Cambridge Univ. Press PY - 2009 ST - Climate prediction: a limit to adaptation? T2 - Adapting to climate change. Thresholds, values, governance. TI - Climate prediction: a limit to adaptation? ID - 678 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study attempts to characterise the chemical weathering of basalts and to quantify the flux of carbon transferred from the atmosphere to the ocean during this major process at the surface of the Earth. To this aim, we have compiled different published chemical compositions of small rivers draining basalts. Basaltic river waters are characterised by relatively high Na-normalized molar ratios (Ca/Na: 0.2-3.9; HCO3/Na: 1-10; Mg/Na: 0.15-6) in comparison with those usually observed for river draining silicates. The data also show the climatic influence on basalt weathering and associated CO2 consumption. Runoff and temperature are the main parameters controlling the chemical weathering rate and derived CO2 consumption during basaltic weathering. From these relationships and digital maps, we are able to define the contribution of basalts to the global silicate flux. Taking account of this result, we estimate that the CO2 flux consumed by chemical weathering of basalts is about 4.08×1012 mol/year. The fluxes from the islands of Indonesia and regions of central America represent around 40% of this flux. The global flux of CO2 consumed by chemical weathering of basalts represents between 30% and 35% of the flux derived from continental silicate determined by Gaillardet et al. [Chem. Geol. 159 (1999) 3]. Finally, it appears that volcanic activity not only acts as a major atmospheric CO2 source, but also creates strong CO2 sinks that cannot be neglected to better understand the geochemical and climatic evolution of the Earth. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - LMTG OMP UMR5563 UPS-CNRS-IRD, 38 rue des 36 ponts, Toulouse 31400, France LGC IPGP, 4 place Jussieu, Paris Cedex 05 75252, France LPAP, Université de Liège, 17 Allée du Six Août, Liège 4000, Belgium Dessert, C. LMTG OMP UMR5563 UPS-CNRS-IRD, 38 rue des 36 ponts, Toulouse 31400, France email: dessert@lmtg.ups-tlse.fr AU - Dessert, C. AU - Dupré, B. AU - Gaillardet, J. AU - François, L. M. AU - Allègre, C. J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2002.10.001 IS - 3-4 J2 - Chem. Geol. KW - Atmospheric CO2 consumption Basalt Chemical weathering Climate Rivers basalt carbon cycle carbon dioxide global perspective source-sink dynamics streamwater water chemistry weathering LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):239 References: Amiotte-Suchet, P., Probst, J.L., Modelling of atmospheric CO2 consumption by chemical weathering of rocks: Application to the Garonne, Congo and Amazon basins (1993) Chem. Geol., 107, pp. 205-210; Amiotte-Suchet, P., Probst, J.L., A global model for present-day atmospheric/soil CO2 consumption by chemical erosion of continental rocks (GEM-CO2) (1995) Tellus, 47 B, pp. 273-280; Amiotte-Suchet, P., Probst, J.L., Ludwig, W., Worldwide distribution of continental rock lithology: Implications for atmospheric/soil CO2 uptake by continental weathering and alkalinity river transport to the oceans (2003) Global Biogeochem. 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ST - Zoonosen bei heimischen Wildtieren – Wissensstand, Forschungsbedarf und Vorbeugemaßnahmen. DVG-Tagung der Fach-gruppe „Epidemiologie und Dokumentationﾓ, 6. – 8. September, Wien. TI - Zoonosen bei heimischen Wildtieren – Wissensstand, Forschungsbedarf und Vorbeugemaßnahmen. DVG-Tagung der Fach-gruppe „Epidemiologie und Dokumentationﾓ, 6. – 8. September, Wien ID - 695 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Deutz, A., Fuchs, K., Nowotny, N., Auer, H., Schuller, W., Stünzner, D., Aspöck, H., Kerbl, U., Köfer, J. PY - 2003 SP - Suppl 3, 61-67. ST - Seroepidemiologische Untersuchung von Jägern auf Zoonosen – Vergleich mit Untersuchungen bei Tierärzten, Landwirten und Schlachthofarbeitern. Wien. Klin. Wschr., Supplement 3-2003, Beilage zu Band 115, Suppl. TI - Seroepidemiologische Untersuchung von Jägern auf Zoonosen – Vergleich mit Untersuchungen bei Tierärzten, Landwirten und Schlachthofarbeitern. Wien. Klin. 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LB - dext95 N1 - http://www.environment.gov.au/live/end_vuln/animals/climate/climate_change/ccch5.htm PY - 1995 ST - The Impact of Global Warming on the Distribution of Threatened Vertebrates T2 - Envirionment Australia, Departement of Environment and heritage, Canberra, Australia TI - The Impact of Global Warming on the Distribution of Threatened Vertebrates ID - 703 ER - TY - GEN AU - Commission, DG Enterprise European PY - 2006 ST - Feasibility and preparatory study regarding a Multi-stakeholder European Targeted Action for Sustainable Tourism & Transport TI - Feasibility and preparatory study regarding a Multi-stakeholder European Targeted Action for Sustainable Tourism & Transport ID - 704 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dhen, M. AU - Bürger, G. AU - Buma, J. AU - Gasparetto, P. LB - dehn20000 PY - 2000 ST - Impact of climate change on slope stability using expanded downscaling T2 - Engineering Geology TI - Impact of climate change on slope stability using expanded downscaling VL - 55 ID - 705 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Díaz AU - Jordán AU - García AU - López AU - Alberdi AU - Hernández AU - Otero IS - 3 KW - Medicine N1 - 0340-0131 PY - 2002 SP - 163 ST - Heat waves in Madrid 1986-1997: effects on the health of the elderly T2 - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health TI - Heat waves in Madrid 1986-1997: effects on the health of the elderly UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-001-0290-4 VL - 75 ID - 706 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - KLIMZUG-NORD AU - dICKHAUT, W. AU - KRUSE, E. M1 - KLIMZUG-NORD Teilprojekt 2.4. Innovation im Bauen zur Klimaanpassung. Zwischenstand Mai 2011 PY - 2011 ST - dezentrale Regenwasserbewirtschaftung auf dem Grundstück TI - dezentrale Regenwasserbewirtschaftung auf dem Grundstück UR - http://klimzug-nord.de/index.php/page/2009-04-06-Teilprojekt-T2.4 (14.02.2013) ID - 707 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DICKSON, R. C., LAIRD, E. F. Jr. PY - 1967 SP - 1088-1091 ST - Fall dispersal of green peach aphids to desert valleys T2 - Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. TI - Fall dispersal of green peach aphids to desert valleys VL - 60 ID - 708 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In some French mountain areas, the land-use changes which started around 1850 have resulted in a complete abandonment of any agro-pastoral activity by 1950. Thus, the landscape underwent important modifications of structure and functioning. Tree invasion did not take place homogeneously in space or time. Using aerial photographs I mapped the recolonization areas at timberline and analyzed the spatial pattern and age structure of sample plots established in stands in the recolonization zones above 2000 m a.s.l. I identified four main establishment periods, with the most important forest edge dynamics happening during the most recent periods: (1) immediately after abandonment of the pastures 50 years ago, European larch (Larix decidua Miller) formed very dense colonization patches close to the ancient chalets. The invasion was limited to narrow fringes related to colluvial soil conditions alongside the forest edges. Now Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) is regenerating in these young larch woods. (2) During the last two decades, stone pine has regenerated massively at tree line, forming dense seedling patches, mostly on convex relief forms. The spatial restriction of the young forests, be it stone pine or larch stands, enhances the importance of relief and soil conditions for vegetation dynamics at timberline. The landscape structure and the land-use history are determinant for the assessment of forest edge dynamics and consequently for the study and prediction of timberline fluctuations. AU - Didier, Lydie IS - 1-2 KW - Age structure Forest dynamics Landscape Land-use change Timberline N1 - doi: DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00575-2 PY - 2001 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 67-77 ST - Invasion patterns of European larch and Swiss stone pine in subalpine pastures in the French Alps T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Invasion patterns of European larch and Swiss stone pine in subalpine pastures in the French Alps UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T6X-42R0RWJ-7/2/46f085e61af0fbbdb3e8081a37de4142 VL - 145 ID - 709 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Species indicator values, especially those defined by Ellenberg, have been used widely in applied plant ecology, forestry and agriculture. In spite of being criticised by many, there is a growing interest in using them also outside central Europe in order to analyse trends of change in the vegetation and their underlying environmental variables. Various aspects of indicator values are reviewed: their main features, the most important applications (notably the use of weighted site averages), problems and pitfalls of indicator analyses, the relationship between weighted site averages and measurements as well as their extension to other regions. Some aspects are illustrated using data sets of forest plots from S Sweden. Provided that the limitations of indicator values are recognised, these have a high reliability and can complement or, in some cases, replace measurements to determine the values of environmental variables and to monitor their change. AD - Dept. of Ecol. and Evol. Biology, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany Dept. of Ecol. and Evol. Biology, Bremen University, FB 2, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany Diekmann, M. Dept. of Ecol. and Evol. Biology, Bremen University, FB 2, Leobener Straße, D-28359 Bremen, Germany email: mdiekman@uni-bremen.de AU - Diekmann, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1078/1439-1791-00185 IS - 6 J2 - Basic Appl. Ecol. 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AU - Speizer, Frank E. DO - doi:10.1056/NEJM199312093292401 IS - 24 PY - 1993 SP - 1753-1759 ST - An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities T2 - New England Journal of Medicine TI - An Association between Air Pollution and Mortality in Six U.S. Cities UR - http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM199312093292401 VL - 329 ID - 723 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dokulil, M. T. AU - Teubner, K. LB - doku03 PY - 2003 SP - 176-180 ST - Klimaeinflüsse auf Seen in Europa (CLIME) T2 - Österreichs Fischerei, Jg. TI - Klimaeinflüsse auf Seen in Europa (CLIME) VL - 56 ID - 724 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The widely used generalized additive models (GAM) method is a flexible and effective technique for conducting nonlinear regression analysis in time-series studies of the health effects of air pollution. When the data to which the GAM are being applied have two characteristics—1) the estimated regression coefficients are small and 2) there exist confounding factors that are modeled using at least two nonparametric smooth functions—the default settings in the gam function of the S-Plus software package (version 3.4) do not assure convergence of its iterative estimation procedure and can provide biased estimates of regression coefficients and standard errors. This phenomenon has occurred in time-series analyses of contemporary data on air pollution and mortality. To evaluate the impact of default implementation of the gam software on published analyses, the authors reanalyzed data from the National Morbidity, Mortality, and Air Pollution Study (NMMAPS) using three different methods: 1) Poisson regression with parametric nonlinear adjustments for confounding factors; 2) GAM with default convergence parameters; and 3) GAM with more stringent convergence parameters than the default settings. The authors found that pooled NMMAPS estimates were very similar under the first and third methods but were biased upward under the second method. Am J Epidemiol 2002;156:193–203. AU - Dominici, Francesca AU - McDermott, Aidan AU - Zeger, Scott L. AU - Samet, Jonathan M. DA - August 1, 2002 DO - 10.1093/aje/kwf062 IS - 3 PY - 2002 SP - 193-203 ST - On the Use of Generalized Additive Models in Time-Series Studies of Air Pollution and Health T2 - American Journal of Epidemiology TI - On the Use of Generalized Additive Models in Time-Series Studies of Air Pollution and Health UR - http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/156/3/193.abstract VL - 156 ID - 725 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Windthrows are among the most important disturbances of forest ecosystems in Europe, with expected increasing frequency due to climate change. However, surprisingly little is known about soil carbon dynamics after windthrow mainly due to missing field assessments. After a large windthrow event in the High Tatra Mountains in 2004 three soil monitoring plots were established, one at a non-harvested windthrow left for natural succession, one at a harvested windthrow and one at a reference forest site which remained unaffected by the storm event. No loss in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks was detected at the two windthrow sites with three inventories over the 3.5years after the storm event. However, shifts within the organic layers and the mineral soil toward more decomposed organic matter were found. Increasing C/N ratios at the harvested windthrow site indicate that newly established herbaceous vegetation compensated the decline in tree litter input. At the non-harvested windthrow site a flush of needle litter from broken trees helped to sustain SOC stocks. In contrast, SOC stocks at the reference forest increased by 2.2Mgha -1year -1 with major SOC stock accumulation in the forest floor. An assessment of the sample size required to detect future SOC changes revealed that at the windthrow sites a similar sample size is required as in the undisturbed reference forest. Small scale heterogeneity was at such a level that paired sampling did not significantly reduce the number of required samples. However, the separation of forest floor layers and mineral soil was a major obstacle for efficient forest soil carbon monitoring. The required number of soil samples could be decreased by 45% with a simultaneous sampling of forest floor and upper mineral soil, leading to more reliable SOC inventories. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. AD - Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Institute of Agricultural Climate Research, Braunschweig, Germany Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany Thuringian State Institute of Agriculture, Dornburg, Germany Earth Surface Science, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Kassel, Germany Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany Don, A. Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institute, Institute of Agricultural Climate Research, Braunschweig, Germany email: axel.don@vti.bund.de AU - Don, A. AU - Bärwolff, M. AU - Kalbitz, K. AU - Andruschkewitsch, R. AU - Jungkunst, H. F. AU - Schulze, E. D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.04.010 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Disturbance Forest floor Minimum detectable difference Organic layer Soil organic carbon Windthrow Forest floors Organic layers Windthrows Carbon Climate change Harvesting Minerals Soils Storms Forestry assessment method climate change disturbance environmental monitoring forest ecosystem forest floor forest soil herb litter soil carbon soil organic matter succession Ecosystems Europe Forests Seasonal Variation Soil LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):4 CODEN: FECMD References: Brais, S., Camire, C., Pare, D., Impacts of whole-tree harvesting and winter windrowing on soil-pH and base status of clayey sites of Northwestern Quebec (1995) Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere, 25, pp. 997-1007; Covington, W.W., Changes in forest floor organic-matter and nutrient content following clear cutting in Northern Hardwoods (1981) Ecology, 62, pp. 41-48; Don, A., Kalbitz, K., Amounts and degradability of dissolved organic carbon from foliar litter at different decomposition stages (2005) Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 37, pp. 2171-2179; FAO/Unesco soil map of the world revised legend with corrections and updates (1988) Wold Soil Resources Report, , FAO. 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(Eds.), Studies on the Tatra National Park, Springer, Tatranska LomnicaLi, Z., Apps, M.J., Kurz, W.A., Banfield, E., Temporal changes of forest net primary production and net ecosystem production in west central Canada associated with natural and anthropogenic disturbances (2003) Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere, 33, pp. 2340-2351; Liechty, H.O., Jurgensen, M.F., Mroz, G.D., Gale, M.R., Pit and mound topography and its influence on storage of carbon, nitrogen, and organic matter within an old-growth forest (1997) Canadian Journal of Forest Research-Revue Canadienne De Recherche Forestiere, 27, pp. 1992-1997; Lindroth, A., Lagergren, F., Grelle, A., Klemedtsson, L., Langvall, O., Weslien, P., Tuulik, J., Storms can cause Europe-wide reduction in forest carbon sink (2009) Global Change Biology, 15, pp. 346-355; Mattson, K.G., Swank, W.T., Soil and detrital carbon dynamics following forest cutting in the southern Appalachians (1989) Biology Fertility Soils, 7, pp. 247-253; Mayer, S., (2008) Auswirkungen eines Windwurfereignisses in der Hohen Tatra (Slowakei) auf Ionenfracht, Nährstoffauswaschung und -mineralisierung, p. 109. , Institut für Pflanzenernährung, Fachgebiet: Bodenchemie mit Düngung, Universität Hohenheim, Stattgart; McKnight, D.M., Boyer, E.W., Westerhoff, P.K., Doran, P.T., Kulbe, T., Andersen, D.T., Spectrofluorometric characterization of dissolved organic matter for indication of precursor organic material and aromaticity (2001) Limnology and Oceanography, 46, pp. 38-48; Mroz, G.D., Jurgensen, M.F., Frederick, D.J., Soil nutrient changes following whole tree harvesting on 3 Northern Hardwood sites (1985) Soil Science Society of America Journal, 49, pp. 1552-1557; Pang, X.Y., Bao, W.K., Wu, N., The effects of clear-felling subalpine coniferous forests on soil physical and chemical properties in the eastern Tibetan Plateau (2011) Soil Use and Management, 27, pp. 213-220; Rojan, E., Relief changes of the windthrow area in the Slovak High Tatra Mts (2011) Studies on the Tatra National Park, pp. 131-142. , Tanap, Tatranska Lomnica, P. 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P. AU - GREGORY, P. H. CY - London PB - His Majesty`s Stationery Office PY - 1948 ST - The Spread of Virus Diseases in the Potato Crop TI - The Spread of Virus Diseases in the Potato Crop ID - 726 ER - TY - CONF AU - Dornbusch, H.J. AU - Urban, C. AU - Kerbl, R. AU - Lackner, H. AU - Schwinger, W. AU - Zotter, H. AU - Sovinz, P. AU - Aspöck, H. CY - Innsbruck, Österreich PB - Medical University of Graz PY - 1999 ST - Viszerale Leishmaniose bei einem 10 Monate alten österreichischen Mädchen T2 - Kongreßband der 33. Tagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Parasitologie und Tropenmedizin 1999; -33. Jahrestagung der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie TI - Viszerale Leishmaniose bei einem 10 Monate alten österreichischen Mädchen ID - 727 ER - TY - GEN AU - Dorninger, M. AU - Freyer, B. CY - Wien PY - 2008 ST - Bio-Landwirtschaft und Klimaschutz in Österreich. Aktuelle Leistungen und zukünftige Potenziale der Ökologischen Landwirtschaft für den Klimaschutz in Österreich T2 - Studie im Auftrag von BIO AUSTRIA TI - Bio-Landwirtschaft und Klimaschutz in Österreich. Aktuelle Leistungen und zukünftige Potenziale der Ökologischen Landwirtschaft für den Klimaschutz in Österreich ID - 728 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Ecosystem management of protection forests aims at maintaining forests near a state during which effective protection is secured. As the evolution of a dynamic forest ecosystem cannot be stopped, silvicultural measures are required which aim at maintaining both the ecosystem integrity and the protective function of mountain forests. Ecosystem integrity is defined as the system's capacity to maintain structure and ecosystem functions using processes and elements characteristic for its ecoregion. Here, ecosystem functions also reflect the capability of the ecosystem to provide functions of value to humans. Ecosystem integrity of a protection forest implies that the stability (mainly the property resilience is addressed) of the forest is high, because that is required to provide a high level of protection in the long term. The main conditions promoting natural evolutionary processes and ecological stability in protection forests are: (1) a diverse composition of species; (2) sufficient natural regeneration; (3) an optimal forest structure. The first example in this chapter explains how these conditions might be achieved by silvicultural interventions in a forest that mainly protects against rockfall in the Austrian Alps. The second example deals with socio-economic aspects of ecosystem integrity of a forest that also protects against rockfall, but then in the French Alps. Both examples show that forest authorities are aware of techniques to improve the stand stability of protection forests, but the problem is that current forest management is often a kind of trial and error, because the exact consequences of interventions for forest ecosystem dynamics are not known. Therefore, it is proposed that forest ecosystem research should shift focus from protection forest dynamics to the geo-ecosystem functioning of protection forests, including the effects of natural and human disturbances. For this, the concept of panarchy may be a promising way forward. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Cemagref Grenoble, 2 Rue de la Papeterie, F-38402 Saint Martin d'Heres Cedex, France Inst. Biodiv. Ecosystem Dynam. - P., Universiteit Van Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, Netherlands Stand Montafon - Forstfonds, Montafonerstraße 21, A-6780 Schruns, Austria Dorren, L.K.A. 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(Eds.), Academic Press, New York; Woodley, S., Kay, J.J., Francis, G., (1993) Ecological Integrity and the Management of Ecosystems, p. 212. , St. Lucine Press; Yaffee, S.L., Three faces of ecosystem management (1998) Conserv. Biol., 13 (4), pp. 713-725 PY - 2004 SN - 03781127 SP - 165-176 ST - Integrity, stability and management of protection forests in the European Alps T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Integrity, stability and management of protection forests in the European Alps UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2642520589&partnerID=40&md5=edd0d924d5c7a999da841519fdf61b02 VL - 195 ID - 729 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Site-specific information about the level of protection that mountain forests provide is often not available for large regions. Information regarding rockfalls is especially scarce. The most efficient way to obtain information about rockfall activity and the efficacy of protection forests at a regional scale is to use a simulation model. At present, it is still unknown which forest parameters could be incorporated best in such models. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test and evaluate a model for rockfall assessment at a regional scale in which simple forest stand parameters, such as the number of trees per hectare and the diameter at breast height, are incorporated. Therefore, a newly developed Geographical Information System (GIS)-based distributed model is compared with two existing rockfall models. The developed model is the only model that calculates the rockfall velocity on the basis of energy loss due to collisions with trees and on the soil surface. The two existing models calculate energy loss over the distance between two cell centres, while the newly developed model is able to calculate multiple bounces within a pixel. The patterns of rockfall runout zones produced by the three models are compared with patterns of rockfall deposits derived from geomorphological field maps. Furthermore, the rockfall velocities modelled by the three models are compared. It is found that the models produced rockfall runout zone maps with rather similar accuracies. However, the developed model performs best on forested hillslopes and it also produces velocities that match best with field estimates on both forested and nonforested hillslopes irrespective of the slope gradient. AU - Dorren, Luuk K. A. AU - Seijmonsbergen, Arie C. IS - 1-2 KW - Rockfall GIS Protection forest Simulation model Geomorphological mapping Mountainous catchment N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0169-555X(03)00045-X PY - 2003 SN - 0169-555X SP - 49-64 ST - Comparison of three GIS-based models for predicting rockfall runout zones at a regional scale T2 - Geomorphology TI - Comparison of three GIS-based models for predicting rockfall runout zones at a regional scale UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X0300045X VL - 56 ID - 730 ER - TY - BOOK AU - DOSSE, G. CY - Berlin, Hamburg ET - BLUNCK, H. PB - Verl. Paul Parey PY - 1954 ST - Curculionidae, Rüsselkäfer TI - Handbuch der Pflanzenkrankheiten ID - 731 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Doswell Iii, C. A. AU - Caracena, F. LB - doswell1988 PY - 1988 SP - 242-253 ST - Derivative estimation from marginally sampled vector point functions T2 - Journal of Atmospheric Science TI - Derivative estimation from marginally sampled vector point functions VL - 45 ID - 732 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - Douglas, L. DA - 10.8.2011 ET - 5(10) PB - E&T – Engineering and Technology Magazine PY - 2010 ST - Air conditioning of London Underground – reality or dream? TI - Air conditioning of London Underground – reality or dream? UR - http://eandt.theiet.org/magazine/2010/10/cooling-the-tube.cfm ID - 733 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Downing, T. E. AU - Harrison, P. A. AU - Butterfield, R. E. AU - Lonsdale, K. G. LB - down00 N1 - (Editors) PY - 2000 SP - 445 ST - Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe - An Integrated Assessment T2 - Res. Report No. TI - Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe - An Integrated Assessment VL - 21 ID - 734 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Downing, T.E. AU - Harrison, P.A. AU - Butterfield, R.E. AU - , K.G. Lonsdale LB - down00 N1 - (Editors) PY - 2000 SP - 445 ST - Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe - An Integrated Assessment T2 - Res. Report No. TI - Climate Change, Climate Variability and Agriculture in Europe - An Integrated Assessment VL - 21 ID - 735 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In face of the prognosticated climate change it can supposed that flora, fauna and ecosystems will change significantly. This aspect, however, has not yet been integrated into the concepts of biodiversity and nature conservation. So far it was the rather conserving objective of nature conservation to preserve biodiversity in its typical composition and distribution. Climate changes function synergistically with other anthropogenic influences, in particular in interaction with destruction and fragmentation habitats. Against this background biodiversity protection should mainly consider two things: the buffering of ecosystems should be extended as far as possible in order to strengthen their resilience. At the same time the migration and dispersal of species into suitable habitats has to be facilitated, hence requiring the extension of conserving area and species protection towards a dynamic integrative protection of biodiversity also outside protection areas (biodiversity mainstreaming). The integration of biodiversity protection into agriculture, forestry and water management is of particular importance. This approach is not new; it however gains particular importance against the background of climatic change. AD - Sachverständigenrat für Umweltfragen, Geschäftsstelle, Reichpietschufer 60, D-10785 Berlin, Germany AG Vegetationsökologie und Naturschutz, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, Universität Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 2, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany Doyle, U. Sachverständigenrat für Umweltfragen, Geschäftsstelle, Reichpietschufer 60, D-10785 Berlin, Germany email: ulrike.doyle@uba.de AU - Doyle, U. AU - Ristow, M. DB - Scopus IS - 4 J2 - Naturschutz Landsch.plan. KW - anthropogenic effect biodiversity climate change habitat fragmentation nature conservation species conservation LA - German N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 4 References: Araújo, M.B., Cabeza, M., Thuiller, W., Hannah, L., Williams, P.H., Would climate change drive species out of reserves? 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Kolloq., 15, pp. 59-69; Zebisch, M., Grothmann, T., Schröter, D., Hasse, C., Fritsch, U., Cramer, W., Klimawandel in Deutschland, Vulnerabilität und Anpassungsstrategien klimasensitiver Systeme (2005) Climate Change 08/05, , Umweltbundesamt, Berlin. www.umweltbundesamt.org/fpdf-1/2947.pdf PY - 2006 SN - 09406808 SP - 101-107 ST - Biodiversity protection and nature conservation against the background of climate changes - Pleading for dynamic integrative protection of biological diversity T2 - Biodiversitäts- und Naturschutz vor dem Hintergrund des Klimawandels: Für einen dynamischen integrativen Schutz der biologischen Vielfalt TI - Biodiversity protection and nature conservation against the background of climate changes - Pleading for dynamic integrative protection of biological diversity UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33645806548&partnerID=40&md5=8ed2016711e6843a8003e81ae6861cdf VL - 38 ID - 736 ER - TY - BOOK AU - DREES, BASTIAAN DA - 10.08.2001 N1 - (BART) PB - Extension Entomology, Texas A&M University UR - http://insects.tamu.edu/extension/youth/bug/bug063.html ID - 737 ER - TY - RPRT AU - DREXLER, W. AU - WALENTOWSKI, H. PY - 2011 ST - Auswirkungen von sommerlichen Klimaextremen auf nemorale Laubwälder – Baumarten, Waldlebensgemeinschaften und Ökostem T2 - unpubl. Research application TI - Auswirkungen von sommerlichen Klimaextremen auf nemorale Laubwälder – Baumarten, Waldlebensgemeinschaften und Ökostem ID - 738 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Licka, L. & Schwab, E. (Hrsg.) AU - S., Drlik AU - A., Muhar CY - Vienna, Austria PY - 2009 SP - 74-77 ST - Climate Change asks for Sustainable Adaptation of Parks: A Challenge for Maintenance and Design T2 - Landscape – Great Idea! X-LArch III. T3 - Institute of Landscape Architecture, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna TI - Climate Change asks for Sustainable Adaptation of Parks: A Challenge for Maintenance and Design ID - 739 ER - TY - THES AU - Drlik, S. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien PY - 2010 RN - Dissertation, erstellt im Rahmen des Doktoratskollegs Nachhaltige Entwicklung (dokNE) ST - Klimawandelanpassung der Pflege und Erhaltung öffentlicher Grünanlagen in Großstädten unter  Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der Nachhaltigen Entwicklung, untersucht am Fallbeispiel Wien TI - Klimawandelanpassung der Pflege und Erhaltung öffentlicher Grünanlagen in Großstädten unter  Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der Nachhaltigen Entwicklung, untersucht am Fallbeispiel Wien VL - Dr. ID - 740 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - M., Braum A2 - T., Schröder AU - Drlik, S. & Licka CY - Basel PB - Birkhäuser PY - 2010 SN - 978-3-0346-0363-8 SP - 44-49 ST - Städte im Klimawandel - Strategien für eine nachhaltige Parkentwicklung. T2 - Bericht der Bundesstiftung Baukultur 2010. Freiraum. Wie findet Freiraum Stadt? Fakten, Positionen, Beispiele TI - Städte im Klimawandel - Strategien für eine nachhaltige Parkentwicklung. ID - 741 ER - TY - THES AU - DRLIK, Stephanie CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2010 ST - Klimawandelanpassung der Pflege und Erhaltung öffentlicher Grünanlagen in Großstädten unter Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der nachhaltigen Entwicklung, untersucht am Fallbeispiel Wien T2 - h814 Meteorologie TI - Klimawandelanpassung der Pflege und Erhaltung öffentlicher Grünanlagen in Großstädten unter Berücksichtigung des Konzepts der nachhaltigen Entwicklung, untersucht am Fallbeispiel Wien VL - Diss. ID - 742 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Goodchild, M.F. A2 - Steyaert, L.T. A2 - Parks, B.O. AU - Dubayah, T. AU - Rich, P.M. CY - New York PB - John Wiley & Sons PY - 1996 SP - 129-134 ST - GIS-based solar radiation modeling. – In: Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T. und Parks, B.O. (Hrsg.) GIS and Environmental Modeling. John Wiley & Sons, New York. T2 - GIS and Environmental Modeling TI - GIS-based solar radiation modeling ID - 743 ER - TY - BOOK AU - DUBNIK, H. CY - Gelsenkirchen-Buer PB - Verl. Th. Mann PY - 1991 ST - Blattläuse. Artenbestimmung - Biologie - Bekämpfung TI - Blattläuse. Artenbestimmung - Biologie - Bekämpfung ID - 744 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DUBROVSKY, M. PY - 1996 SE - 129 SP - 10 ST - Validation of the stochastic weather generator Met&Roll. T2 - Meteorologicke Zpravy TI - Validation of the stochastic weather generator Met&Roll. VL - 49 ID - 745 ER - TY - JOUR AU - DUBROVSKY, M. AU - NEMESOVA, I AU - KALVOVA, J. PY - 2005 SE - 139 SP - 17 ST - Uncertainties in climate change scenarios for the Czech Republic. T2 - Climate Research 29. TI - Uncertainties in climate change scenarios for the Czech Republic. VL - 29 ID - 746 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Duchaufour, P CY - Sydney, Australia LB - duchaufour:82 PB - Allen & Unwin PY - 1982 ST - Pedology - pedogenesis and classification TI - Pedology - pedogenesis and classification ID - 747 ER - TY - JOUR AB - 1. This paper aims to demonstrate the use of available vegetation data from the phytosociological literature in preliminary analyses to generate hypotheses regarding vegetation and climate change. 2. Data for over 3000 samples of calcareous grassland, mesotrophic grassland, heath and woodland vegetation were taken from the literature for a region in the west of Atlantic Europe and subjected to ordination by detrended correspondence analysis in order to identify the main gradients present. 3. Climate data were obtained at a resolution of 0.5⚬ from an existing database. The relationship between vegetation composition and climate was investigated by the correlation of the mean scores for the first two ordination axes for each 0.5⚬ cell with the climate and location variables. 4. The ordinations resulted in clear geographical gradients for calcareous grasslands, heaths and woodlands but not for mesotrophic grasslands. Significant correlations were shown between some of the vegetation gradients and the climate variables, with the strongest relationships occurring between the calcareous grassland gradients and July temperature, latitude and oceanicity. Some of the vegetation gradients were also inferred to reflect edaphic factors, management and vegetation history. 5. Those gradients that were related to temperature were hypothesized to reflect the influence of a progressively warmer climate on species composition, providing a baseline for further studies on the influence of climate change on species composition. 6. The validity of the literature data was assessed by the collection of an original set of field data for calcareous grasslands and the subsequent ordination of a dataset containing samples from both the literature and the field. The considerable overlap between the samples from the literature and the field suggest that literature data can be used, despite certain limitations. Such preliminary analyses, using readily available data, can thus achieve useful results, thereby saving lengthy and costly field visits. AU - Duckworth, J. C., R. G. H. Bunce, et al. PY - 2000 SP - 187-199 ST - Vegetation gradients in Atlantic Europe: the use of existing phytosociological data in preliminary investigations on the potential effects of climate change on British vegetation T2 - Global Ecology & Biogeography TI - Vegetation gradients in Atlantic Europe: the use of existing phytosociological data in preliminary investigations on the potential effects of climate change on British vegetation VL - 9 ID - 748 ER - TY - MANSCPT AU - Dudhia, J., D. Gill, K. Manning, W. Wang, and C. Bruyere CY - Boulder. PY - 2004 RP - Reprint Edition ST - PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System Tutorial Class Notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modeling System Version 3 T2 - Software Manual TI - PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System Tutorial Class Notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modeling System Version 3 ID - 749 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Dudhia, J., D. Gill, K. Manning, W. Wang, and C. Bruyere CY - Boulder PB - Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division of the NCAR PY - 2004 ST - PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System Tutorial Class Notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modelling System Version 3 TI - PSU/NCAR Mesoscale Modeling System Tutorial Class Notes and User’s Guide: MM5 Modelling System Version 3 ID - 750 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Mark-release-recapture experiments with both newly emerged and flight experienced Ips typographus L. were performed in a pine forest near Prague. Three concentric trap circles around the release site with a radius of 5 m, 200 m and 500 m, and intertrap distances of 6 m, 16 m and. maximally, 40 m, were installed with the intention of collecting all dispersing bark beetles ready to respond to pheromone lures. The results show that even without wind and no potential host trees in the surroundings, only about one-third (35.4%) of the emerging beetles in an infested site can be eliminated locally with phermomone traps. At least 12.2% of the emerging beetles (25.7% of the recaptures), perform an adaptive migration flight, which brings them beyond the range of local pheromone traps. The estimated proportion of emigrants can rise over 50%, if most of the freshly emerged beetles that have never been recaptured are assumed to have left the experimental area. Electroantennograms recorded in the laboratory at different times after emergence indicate that the delayed response to aggregation pheromones in migrating bark beetles is not the result of a delayed maturation of the antennal receptor cells, but obviously governed by the central nervous system. The notion of precopulatory migration in 25–50% of the individuals in an I. typographus population can explain why pheromone traps can never eliminate all emerging beetles, and why so many bark beetles can be collected far away from any breeding sites. AU - Duelli, P. AU - Zahradnik, P. AU - Knizek, M. AU - Kalinova, B. DO - 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1997.tb01409.x IS - 1-5 PY - 1997 SN - 1439-0418 SP - 297-303 ST - Migration in spruce bark beetles (Ips typographis L.) and the efficiency of pheromone traps T2 - Journal of Applied Entomology TI - Migration in spruce bark beetles (Ips typographis L.) and the efficiency of pheromone traps UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1997.tb01409.x VL - 121 ID - 751 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dukes, J. S. LB - duke00 PY - 2000 SP - 95-113 ST - Will the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration affect the success of invasive species? T2 - Mooney, H and Hobbs, R.J. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world. Island Press, Washington, DC TI - Will the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration affect the success of invasive species? ID - 752 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dukes, J. S. AU - H.A, Mooney IS - 4 LB - duke99 PY - 1999 SP - 135-139 ST - Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? T2 - Trends in Ecology and Evolution TI - Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? VL - 14 ID - 753 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dukes, J.S. LB - duke00 PY - 2000 SP - 95-113 ST - Will the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration affect the success of invasive species? T2 - Mooney, H and Hobbs, R.J. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world. Island Press, Washington, DC TI - Will the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration affect the success of invasive species? ID - 754 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dukes, J.S. AU - H.A., Mooney IS - 4 LB - duke99 PY - 1999 SP - 135-139 ST - Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? T2 - Trends in Ecology and Evolution TI - Does global change increase the success of biological invaders? VL - 14 ID - 755 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dullinger, Stefan AU - Dirnböck, Thomas AU - Grabherr, Georg LB - dullinger:04 PY - 2004 SP - 241-252 ST - Modelling climate change-driven treeline shifts: relative effects of temperature increase, dispersal and invasibility T2 - Journal of Ecology TI - Modelling climate change-driven treeline shifts: relative effects of temperature increase, dispersal and invasibility VL - 92 ID - 756 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dumagan, J. C. AU - Mount, T. D. LB - dumagan1993 PY - 1993 SP - 175--201 ST - Welfare effects of improving end-use efficiency: Theory and application to residential electricity demand T2 - Resource and Energy Economics TI - Welfare effects of improving end-use efficiency: Theory and application to residential electricity demand VL - 15 ID - 757 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dunn, P. O. AU - Winkler AU - W, D. LB - dunn99 PY - 1999 SP - 2487-2490 ST - Climate change has affected the breeding date of tree swallows throughout North America T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Climate change has affected the breeding date of tree swallows throughout North America VL - 26 ID - 758 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dunn, P. O. AU - Winkler AU - W., D. LB - dunn99 PY - 1999 SP - 2487-2490 ST - Climate change has affected the breeding date of tree swallows throughout North America T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Climate change has affected the breeding date of tree swallows throughout North America VL - 26 ID - 759 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Durbin, D. IS - 2 LB - durbin2001 PY - 2001 SP - 297-309 ST - Managing Natural Catastrophe Risk: The Structure and Dynamics of Reinsurance T2 - The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance TI - Managing Natural Catastrophe Risk: The Structure and Dynamics of Reinsurance VL - 26 ID - 760 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Schriften, Essener Ökologische AU - Dütemeyer, D. CY - Hohenwarsleben PY - 2000 ST - Urban-orographische Bodenwindsysteme in der städtischen Peripherie Kölns TI - Urban-orographische Bodenwindsysteme in der städtischen Peripherie Kölns VL - 12 ID - 761 ER - TY - SER AU - DVL (DEUTSCHER VERBAND FÜR LANDSCHAFTSPFLEGE) CY - Ansbach PY - 2006 ST - Landschaftselemente in der Agrarstruktur: Entstehung, Neuanlage und Erhalt T3 - Landschaft als Lebensraum TI - Landschaftselemente in der Agrarstruktur: Entstehung, Neuanlage und Erhalt VL - 9 ID - 762 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dynesius, M. AU - Jansson AU - R LB - dyne00 PY - 2000 SP - 9115-9120 ST - Evolutionary consequences of changes in species´ geographical distributions driven by Milankovitch climate oscillations T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Evolutionary consequences of changes in species´ geographical distributions driven by Milankovitch climate oscillations VL - 97 ID - 763 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Dynesius, M. AU - Jansson AU - R. LB - dyne00 PY - 2000 SP - 9115-9120 ST - Evolutionary consequences of changes in species´ geographical distributions driven by Milankovitch climate oscillations T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Evolutionary consequences of changes in species´ geographical distributions driven by Milankovitch climate oscillations VL - 97 ID - 764 ER - TY - BOOK AU - e.V, Berliner Wetterkarte LB - berlinerwetterkarteev PB - Institut für Meteorologie der Freien Universität Berlin ST - Berliner Wetterkarte TI - Berliner Wetterkarte ID - 765 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D. R. AU - et al. LB - easterling2000b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2000 SP - 417-425 ST - Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review T2 - Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. TI - Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review VL - 81 ID - 766 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Variations and trends in extreme climate events have only recently received much attention. Exponentially increasing economic losses, coupled with an increase in deaths due to these events, have focused attention on the possibility that these events are increasing in frequency. One of the major problems in examining the climate record for changes in extremes is a lack of high quality long-term data. In some areas of the world increases in extreme events are apparent, while in others there appears to be a decline. Based on this information increased ability to monitor and detect multi-decadal variations and trends is critical to begin to detect any observed changes and understand their origins. AU - Easterling, D. R. AU - Evans, J. L. AU - Groisman, P. Y. AU - Karl, T. R. AU - Kunkel, K. E. AU - Ambenje, P. LB - easterling1999 PY - 2000 SP - 417-425 ST - Observed Variability and Trends in Extreme Climate Events: A Brief Review T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Observed Variability and Trends in Extreme Climate Events: A Brief Review VL - 81 ID - 767 ER - TY - JOUR AB - One of the major concerns with a potential change in climate is that an increase in extreme events will occur. Results of observational studies suggest that in many areas that have been analyzed, changes in total precipitation are amplified at the tails, and changes in some temperature extremes have been observed. Model output has been analyzed that shows changes in extreme events for future climates, such as increases in extreme high temperatures, decreases in extreme low temperatures, and increases in intense precipitation events. In addition, the societal infrastructure is becoming more sensitive to weather and climate extremes, which would be exacerbated by climate change. In wild plants and animals, climate-induced extinctions, distributional and phenological changes, and species’ range shifts are being documented at an increasing rate. Several apparently gradual biological changes are linked to responses to extreme weather and climate events. AU - Easterling, D. R. AU - Meehl, G. A. AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Changnon, S. A. AU - Karl, T. R. AU - Mearns, L. O. LB - easterling2000 N1 - http://www.biosci.utexas.edu/IB/faculty/parmesan/pubs/Eastl_Ntr_00.pdf PY - 2000 SP - 2068-2074 ST - Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts. T2 - Science TI - Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts VL - 289 ID - 768 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D. R. AU - Meehl AU - G.A AU - Parmesan AU - C AU - Changnon AU - S.A AU - Karl AU - T.R AU - Mearns AU - L.O LB - east00 PY - 2000 SP - 2068-2074 ST - Climate Extrems: Observations, Modeling and Impacts T2 - Science TI - Climate Extrems: Observations, Modeling and Impacts VL - 28 ID - 769 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D.R. . AU - et al. LB - easterling2000b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2000 SP - 417-425 ST - Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review T2 - Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. TI - Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: A brief review VL - 81 ID - 770 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D.R. AU - Meehl, G.A. AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Changon, S.A. AU - Karl, T, R, AU - Mearns, L.O. PY - 2000 SE - 2068 SP - 2068-2074 ST - Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts. T2 - Science TI - Climate Extremes: Observations, Modeling, and Impacts. VL - 289 ID - 3341 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Easterling, D.R. AU - Meehl AU - G.A. AU - Parmesan AU - C. AU - Changnon AU - S.A. AU - Karl AU - T.R. AU - Mearns AU - L.O. LB - east00 PY - 2000 SP - 2068-2074 ST - Climate Extrems: Observations, Modeling and Impacts T2 - Science TI - Climate Extrems: Observations, Modeling and Impacts VL - 28 ID - 771 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Analysis of the global mean surface air temperature has shown that its increase is due, at least in part, to differential changes in daily maximum and minimum temperatures, resulting in a narrowing of the diurnal temperature range (DTR). The analysis, using station metadata and improved areal coverage for much of the Southern Hemisphere landmass, indicates that the DTR is continuing to decrease in most parts of the world, that urban effects on globally and hemispherically averaged time series are negligible, and that circulation variations in parts of the Northern Hemisphere appear to be related to the DTR. Atmospheric aerosol loading in the Southern Hemisphere is much less than that in the Northern Hemisphere, suggesting that there are likely a number of factors, such as increases in cloudiness, contributing to the decreases in DTR. AU - Easterling, David R. AU - Horton, Briony AU - Jones, Philip D. AU - Peterson, Thomas C. AU - Karl, Thomas R. AU - Parker, David E. AU - Salinger, M. James AU - Razuvayev, Vyacheslav AU - Plummer, Neil AU - Jamason, Paul AU - Folland, Christopher K. DA - July 18, 1997 DO - 10.1126/science.277.5324.364 IS - 5324 PY - 1997 SP - 364-367 ST - Maximum and Minimum Temperature Trends for the Globe T2 - Science TI - Maximum and Minimum Temperature Trends for the Globe UR - http://www.sciencemag.org/content/277/5324/364.abstract VL - 277 ID - 772 ER - TY - JOUR AU - EASTHAM AU - J. AU - ROSE, C.W. PY - 1988 SE - 355 SP - 14 ST - The effect of tree spacing on evaporation from an agroforestry experiment. T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 42 TI - The effect of tree spacing on evaporation from an agroforestry experiment. VL - 42 ID - 773 ER - TY - LEGAL AU - Commission, EC - European PB - EC - European Commision PY - 2006 SP - 232 T2 - 2004/35/EC TI - Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for the soil protection of soil and amending Directive 2004/35/EC. COM (2006) ID - 3392 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Edelhofer, R. AU - Kosztolich, A. AU - Mitterhuber, C. AU - Kutzer, E. PY - 1995 SP - 90-95 ST - Imported Cases Of Leishmaniasis In Dogs, A Retrospective Study Concerning Austria (1985-1994). T2 - Wiener Tierarztliche Monatsschrift TI - Imported Cases Of Leishmaniasis In Dogs, A Retrospective Study Concerning Austria (1985-1994). VL - 82 ID - 774 ER - TY - GEN AU - EEA PB - European Topic Centre on Air and Climate Change ST - AirBase TI - AirBase ID - 775 ER - TY - RPRT AU - EEA CY - Copenhagen DO - DOI 10.2800/14754 ISSN: 1725–2237 ISBN 978-92-9167-974-4 PY - 2007 ST - Climate change: the cost of inaction and the cost of adaptation T2 - EEA Technical report TI - Climate change: the cost of inaction and the cost of adaptation VL - 13 ID - 776 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - European Environment Agency, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities AU - EEA CY - Luxembourg PY - 2009 ST - Water resources across Europe — confronting water scarcity and drought (No. 2/2009) TI - Water resources across Europe — confronting water scarcity and drought (No. 2/2009) ID - 777 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Agency, European Environment AU - EEH PY - 2006 ST - How much bioenergy can Europe produce without harming the environment? T2 - EEA REport 7/2006 TI - How much bioenergy can Europe produce without harming the environment? ID - 778 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Efthymiadis D, Jones P. Briffa K. Auer I. Böhm R. Schöner W. Frei C. und Schmidli J. PY - 2006 ST - Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Re-gion for 1800–2003 In: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol, 111. T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research TI - Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Region for 1800–-2003 VL - 111 ID - 779 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Efthymiadis D., Jones P., Briffa K. Auer I., Böhm R., Schöner W., Frei C., und Schmidli J., PY - 2006 ST - Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Re-gion for 1800–2003 In: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol, 111. TI - Construction of a 10-min-gridded precipitation data set for the Greater Alpine Re-gion for 1800–2003 In: Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol, 111 ID - 780 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Eggers, T. CY - Joensuu, Finland PB - European Forest Institute PY - 2002 SP - 90 ST - The Impacts of Manufacturing and Utilization of Wood Products on the European Carbon Budget TI - The Impacts of Manufacturing and Utilization of Wood Products on the European Carbon Budget VL - EFI Internal Report 9 ID - 3478 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Ectomycorrhizal fungi are dependent on the carbohydrates produced by higher plants. Their main energy source is lost immediately if the higher plant is eliminated, e.g. as the result of windthrow. In this study we investigated how long ectomycorrhizal fungi can survive in the soil and still be capable of colonizing naturally regenerating seedlings on an uncleared windthrow site. A biotest was used for measuring the mycorrhizal inoculum potential of the soil and morphological and molecular techniques for identifying the ectomycorrhizas. Ten years after the windthrow event, the number of infective ectomycorrhizal fungi in the soil of the windthrow plot was significantly smaller than in the adjacent forest. The remaining species, including Tylospora asterophora, Telephora terrestris and Cenococcum geophilum were still able to fully mycorrhize the new seedlings. The results are discussed with respect to possible implications for forestry practice. AD - WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Egli, S. WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland email: simon.egli@wsl.ch AU - Egli, S. AU - Peter, M. AU - Falcato, S. DB - Scopus IS - 1-2 J2 - For. Snow Landsc. Res. KW - Ectomycorrhizal fungi Inoculum potential Regeneration Windthrow colonization ectomycorrhiza survival windthrow Asterophora Cenococcum geophilum Embryophyta Fungi Tylospora asterophora LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):7 CODEN: FSLRB References: Agerer, R., Characterization of ectomycorrhiza (1991) Methods in Microbiology, 23, pp. 26-73; Brundreit, M., Bougher, N., Dell, B., Grove, T., Malajczuk, N., Working with Mycorrhizas in Forestry and Agriculture (1996) ACIAR Monograph, 32, 374p; Byrd, K.B., Parker, T., Vogler, D.R., Cullings, K.W., The influence of clear-cutting on ectomycorrhizal fungus diversity in a lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stand, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, and Gallatin National Forest, Montana (2000) Can. J. Bot., 78, pp. 149-156; Gardes, M., Bruns, T.D., ITS-RFLP Matching for Identification of Fungi (1996) Methods in Molecular Biology, Vol. 50: Species Diagnostics Protocol: PCR and Other Nucleic Acid Methods, 50, pp. 177-186. , CLAPP, J.P. (ed) Totowa, NJ, USA, Humana Press Inc; Jonsson, L., Dahlberg, A., Nilsson, M.C., Zackrisson, O., Karen, O., Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in late-successional Swedish boreal forests, and their composition following wildfire (1999) Mol. Ecol., 8, pp. 205-215; Karen, O., Högberg, N., Dahlberg, A., Jonsson, L., Nylund, J.E., Inter- and intra-specific variation in the ITS region of rDNA of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Fennoscandia as detected by endonuclease analysis (1997) New Phytol., 136, pp. 313-325; Karen, O., Nylund, J.E., Effects of ammonium sulphate on the community structure and biomass of ectomycorrhizal fungi in a Norway spruce stand in southwestern Sweden (1997) Can. J. Bot., 75, pp. 1628-1642; Kropp, B.R., Albee, S., The effects of silvicultural treatments on occurrence of mycorrhizal sporocarps in a Pinus contorta forest: A preliminary study (1996) Biol. 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PY - 1951 SP - 39-40 ST - Freilandmittelprüfungen beim Rübenderbrüßler T2 - Anzeiger für Schädlingskunde TI - Freilandmittelprüfungen beim Rübenderbrüßler VL - 24 ID - 786 ER - TY - BOOK AU - EICHLER, W. CY - Wittenberg, Lutherstadt PB - Verl. A. Ziemsen PY - 1951 ST - Rübenfeind Derbrüssler. Ein Buch vom Leben und Treiben des Bothynoderes punctiventris TI - Rübenfeind Derbrüssler. Ein Buch vom Leben und Treiben des Bothynoderes punctiventris ID - 787 ER - TY - JOUR AU - EICHLER, W. AU - SCHRÖDTER, H. PY - 1951 SP - 567-575 ST - Witterungsfaktoren als Urheber der Massenvermehrung des Rübenderbrüßlers (Bothynoderes punctiventris) 1947-49 in Mitteldeutschland T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Witterungsfaktoren als Urheber der Massenvermehrung des Rübenderbrüßlers (Bothynoderes punctiventris) 1947-49 in Mitteldeutschland VL - 32 ID - 788 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 398 AU - Eitzinger, J. KW - Adaptation agriculture climate change Europe ST - Der Klimawandel - seine Auswirkungen auf agrarmeteorologische Aspekte und Anpassungsoptionen für die Landwirtschaft im eruopäischen Kontext T2 - Ländlicher Raum - Online-Fachzeitschrift des Bundesministeriums für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft TI - Der Klimawandel - seine Auswirkungen auf agrarmeteorologische Aspekte und Anpassungsoptionen für die Landwirtschaft im eruopäischen Kontext UR - http://www.laendlicher-raum.at/article/articleview/81602/1/10404 VL - Jahrgang 2010 ID - 789 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Lebensministerium, BMLFUW AU - Eitzinger, J. PY - 2007 SP - 136-138 ST - Einfluss des Klimawandels auf die Produktionsrisiken in der österreichischen Landwirtschaft und mögliche Anpassungsstrategien T2 - Grüner Bericht 2007 TI - Einfluss des Klimawandels auf die Produktionsrisiken in der österreichischen Landwirtschaft und mögliche Anpassungsstrategien UR - http://www.laendlicher-raum.at ID - 790 ER - TY - CONF AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Alexandrov, V. Klaghofer E. AU - Oberforster, M. CY - Wien, Österreich DA - 18.-21. September LB - eitzinger2001 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2001 ST - Die Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt von Kulturpflanzen bei unterschiedlichem Bodenwasserspeichervermögen T2 - Proceedings - Österreichisch - Schweizerische Meteorologen - Tagung TI - Die Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt von Kulturpflanzen bei unterschiedlichem Bodenwasserspeichervermögen ID - 791 ER - TY - CONF AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Alexandrov, V. Klaghofer, E. AU - Oberforster, M. CY - Wien, Österreich DA - 18.-21. September LA - Deutsch LB - eitzinger2001 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2001 ST - Die Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt von Kulturpflanzen bei unterschiedlichem Bodenwasserspeichervermögen T2 - Proceedings - Österreichisch - Schweizerische Meteorologen - Tagung TI - Die Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt von Kulturpflanzen bei unterschiedlichem Bodenwasserspeichervermögen ID - 792 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - DWD AU - EITZINGER, J. AU - GERERSDORFER, T. AU - SCHUME, H. AU - MURSCH-RADLGRUBER, E. CY - Garmisch-Partenkirchen ET - In: Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD): 17th International Congress of Biometeorology (ICB 2005) September 5-9 2005; ISBN 3-88148-405-1; ISSN 4122 PB - DWD, Offenbach am Main PY - 2005 SP - 3 ST - Influence of a hedge row on field evapotranspiration in the semi-arid region of north-east Austria. T2 - Annalen der Meteorologie TI - Influence of a hedge row on field evapotranspiration in the semi-arid region of north-east Austria. VL - 41 ID - 793 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 473 AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Kersebaum, Ch AU - Formayer, H. CY - Clenze KW - Adaptation agriculture climate change Climate impacts Europe PB - AgriMedia PY - 2009 ST - Landwirtschaft im Klimawandel - Auswirkungen und Anpassungsstrategien für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft in Mitteleuropa TI - Landwirtschaft im Klimawandel - Auswirkungen und Anpassungsstrategien für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft in Mitteleuropa ID - 794 ER - TY - JOUR AU - EITZINGER, J. AU - KÖSSLER, Ch. IS - 3-4 PY - 2002 SE - 245 SP - 12 ST - Microclimatological characteristics of a miscanthus (Miscanthus cv. Giganteus) stand during stable conditions at night in the nonvegetative winter period. T2 - Theor. Appl. Climatol. TI - Microclimatological characteristics of a miscanthus (Miscanthus cv. Giganteus) stand during stable conditions at night in the nonvegetative winter period. VL - 72 ID - 795 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Landesregierung, Im Auftrag der Burgenländischen AU - EITZINGER, J. AU - KUBU, G. AU - FORMAYER, H. AU - HAAS, P. AU - GERERSDORFER, T. AU - KROMP-KOLB, H. PY - 2005 ST - Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt des Neusiedlersees. Forschungsbericht TI - Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt des Neusiedlersees. Forschungsbericht ID - 796 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Stastná, M. AU - Zalud, Z. AU - Dubrovský, M. LB - eitzinger2003 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2003 SP - 163-234 ST - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios T2 - Agricultural Water Management TI - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios VL - 61 ID - 797 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Stastná, M. AU - Zalud AU - Z AU - Dubrovský, M. LB - eitz03 PY - 2003 SP - 163-234 ST - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios T2 - Agricultural Water Management TI - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios VL - 61 ID - 798 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Stastná, M. AU - Zalud AU - Z. AU - Dubrovský, M. LB - eitz03 PY - 2003 SP - 163-234 ST - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios T2 - Agricultural Water Management TI - A simulation study of the effect of soil water balance and water stress on winter wheat production under different climate change scenarios VL - 61 ID - 799 ER - TY - CHAP AU - EITZINGER, J. AU - THALER, S. AU - KUBU, G. AU - RISCHBECK, P. CY - Wien PB - Amt der NÖ Landesregierung PY - 2007 SE - 4 ST - Potentielle Auswirkungen und Anpassungsmaßnahmen der Landwirtschaft an den Klimawandel im Nordosten Österreichs (Weinviertel-Marchfeld Region) T2 - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels in Niederösterreich T3 - NÖ Klimastudie 2007 TI - Potentielle Auswirkungen und Anpassungsmaßnahmen der Landwirtschaft an den Klimawandel im Nordosten Österreichs (Weinviertel-Marchfeld Region) ID - 800 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Trnka, M. AU - Hösch, J. AU - Zalud, Z. AU - Dubrovský, M. LB - eitzinger2004b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2004 SP - 223-246 ST - Comparison of CERES, WOFOST and SWAP models in simulating soil water content during growing season under different soil conditions T2 - Ecological Modelling TI - Comparison of CERES, WOFOST and SWAP models in simulating soil water content during growing season under different soil conditions VL - 17 ID - 801 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Weindl, M. DA - June 7 LB - eitzinger2004 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2004 ST - Drought and drought monitoring in agriculture T2 - International Workshop (mit CD) TI - Drought and drought monitoring in agriculture ID - 802 ER - TY - JOUR AB - There is growing evidence of the importance of extramatrical mycelium (EMM) of mycorrhizal fungi in carbon (C) cycling in ecosystems. However, our understanding has until recently been mainly based on laboratory experiments, and knowledge of such basic parameters as variations in mycelial production, standing biomass and turnover as well as the regulatory mechanisms behind such variations in forest soils is limited. Presently, the production of EMM by ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi has been estimated at ~140 different forest sites to be up to several hundreds of kg per ha per year, but the published data are biased towards Picea abies in Scandinavia. Little is known about the standing biomass and turnover of EMM in other systems, and its influence on the C stored or lost from soils. Here, focussing on ectomycorrhizas, we discuss the factors that regulate the production and turnover of EMM and its role in soil C dynamics, identifying important gaps in this knowledge. C availability seems to be the key factor determining EMM production and possibly its standing biomass in forests but direct effects of mineral nutrient availability on the EMM can be important. There is great uncertainty about the rate of turnover of EMM. There is increasing evidence that residues of EM fungi play a major role in the formation of stable N and C in SOM, which highlights the need to include mycorrhizal effects in models of global soil C stores. © 2013 The Author(s). AD - School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Ecology Building, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden Institute of Forest Ecology, Universität für Bodenkultur, 1190 Vienna, Austria Plant Biology, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St Machar Drive, Aberdeen, AB24 3UU, United Kingdom Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology ASCR, 14220 Praha, Czech Republic Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 460, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden UMR INRA-UL Forest Ecology and Ecophysiology, Université de Lorraine, BP70239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France Institute of Environmental Biology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Al. Ossolinskich 12, 85-093 Bydgoszcz, Poland Terrestrial Ecology, Biological Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, bygning 1, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vecna pot 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia Soil Ecology, University of Bayreuth, Dr. Hans Frisch Str. 1, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany INRA, UMR Eco and Sols, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 02, France Ekblad, A. School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 701 82 Örebro, Sweden email: alf.ekblad@oru.se AU - Ekblad, A. AU - Wallander, H. AU - Godbold, D. L. AU - Cruz, C. AU - Johnson, D. AU - Baldrian, P. AU - Björk, R. G. AU - Epron, D. AU - Kieliszewska-Rokicka, B. AU - Kjøller, R. AU - Kraigher, H. AU - Matzner, E. AU - Neumann, J. AU - Plassard, C. 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CY - Wien, Technische Universität PB - Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft PY - 2001 ST - Bodeninformation und das Kyoto- Protokoll: Der Waldboden als Kohlenstoffsenke – Hypothesen und Möglichkeiten der konkreten Messung T2 - Bodenschutz in einem vereinten Europa TI - Bodeninformation und das Kyoto- Protokoll: Der Waldboden als Kohlenstoffsenke – Hypothesen und Möglichkeiten der konkreten Messung ID - 3393 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Dogs and horses are transported within the European Union for a number of reasons. The transport per se may cause physical problems, exemplified by hyperthermia in dogs and pleuropneumonia in horses, and the stress may reactivate latent infections such as canine herpesvirus-1 and equine herpesvirus-1. Preventive treatments are vital to protect dogs from ticks and mosquitoes transmitting their potentially lethal infectious agents, such as Leishmania donovani infantum, Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, and Dirofilaria immitis. However, records show that the travelling dogs are not fully protected since cases occur in non-endemic regions. The brown dog tick also poses a risk for humans by transmitting Rickettsia conorii causing Mediterranean spotted fever. Further, the trade in stray dogs from southern Europe has placed a particular focus on the occurrence of vector-borne diseases in the Mediterranean basin. The unknown origin of strays also poses a risk for rabies. With respect to horses, those transported to southern Europe may be exposed to Theileria equi and Babesia caballi, both of which are transmitted by ticks. Horses with antibodies against these parasites are not permitted to enter the USA. Additionally, viral diseases such as African horse sickness, transmitted by midges, and Borna disease, of the mode of transmission is yet unclear, may also pose a risk for horses travelling to potentially endemic regions. AU - Englund, L. AU - Pringle, J. PY - 2003 SP - 19-25 ST - New diseases and increased risk of diseases in companion animals and horses due to transport T2 - Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica TI - New diseases and increased risk of diseases in companion animals and horses due to transport VL - 100 ID - 840 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Enke, W. AU - Spekat, A. DA - October LB - enke97a N1 - schlagen ein 2-schritt downscalingverf. vor; verwenden geopot. und rel. hum. felder (europa-nordatlantik) des dwd und 52 deut. klimastationen; tagesdaten; 1. schritt: clusteranalysis auf der groben skala -> significant patterns -> synop. interpretation -> weather elements; einteilung deutschlands in 6 regionen; 2. screening lin. regr. zwischen den wetterelementen und den regionen; es zeigt sich, dass die mwethode in uebereinstimmung mit den beobachtungen ist und es koennen innerannuelle variabilitäten der einzelnen wetterele. wiedergegeben werden; mir nicht klar, wie der zeitbezug hergestellt wird; viele prediktoren; kein szenario; PY - 1997 SP - 195-207 ST - Downscaling climate model outputs into local and regional weather elements by classification and regression T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Downscaling climate model outputs into local and regional weather elements by classification and regression VL - 8 ID - 841 ER - TY - GEN AU - Ens AU - et al. LB - ens96 PY - 1996 ST - Effects of climate change on bird migration strategies along the East Atlantic Flyway TI - Effects of climate change on bird migration strategies along the East Atlantic Flyway ID - 842 ER - TY - GEN AU - EPA PB - United States Environmental Protection Agency PY - 1999 ST - Guideline for reporting of daily air quality – air quality index (AQI) TI - Guideline for reporting of daily air quality – air quality index (AQI) VL - EPA-454/R-99-010 ID - 843 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Epstein, P. R. AU - Diaz AU - H.F AU - Elias AU - S AU - Grabherr AU - G AU - Graham AU - N.E AU - Martens AU - W.J.M AU - Mosley, Thompson AU - E AU - Susskind AU - J LB - epst98 PY - 1998 SP - 409-417 ST - Biological and physical signs of climate change: Focus on Mosquito-borne diseases T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. TI - Biological and physical signs of climate change: Focus on Mosquito-borne diseases VL - 79 ID - 844 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Epstein, P.R. AU - Diaz AU - H.F. AU - Elias AU - S. AU - Grabherr AU - G. AU - Graham AU - N.E. AU - Martens AU - W.J.M. AU - Mosley-Thompson AU - E. AU - Susskind AU - J. LB - epst98 PY - 1998 SP - 409-417 ST - Biological and physical signs of climate change: Focus on Mosquito-borne diseases T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. TI - Biological and physical signs of climate change: Focus on Mosquito-borne diseases VL - 79 ID - 845 ER - TY - GEN AU - ERDCHARTA PY - 2003 ST - Ökumenische Initiative Eine Welt und Bund für Umwelt- und Naturschutz Deutschland - Die Erd Charta T2 - Deutsche Erstübersetzung Mai 2001 TI - Ökumenische Initiative Eine Welt und Bund für Umwelt- und Naturschutz Deutschland - Die Erd Charta VL - 4.Aufl. ID - 3517 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effect of compost fertilization compared with mineral fertilization on N leaching to the groundwater was investigated in six plots of a long-term field experiment and a lysimeter station on a Molli-gleyic Fluvisol (WRB) near Vienna, Austria. The plots investigated included two treatments with compost fertilization (16 and 23 t ha–1 y–1, respectively, on average of 11 y), two treatments with mineral N fertilization (41 and 56 kg N ha–1 y–1, respectively), and two treatments with combined fertilization (9 t compost + 56 kg N ha–1 y–1 and 23 t compost + 22 kg N ha–1 y–1, respectively). Nitrogen leaching to the groundwater as determined using ceramic suction cups was not increased after 11 y of compost fertilization with higher amounts than used in practical farming (23 t ha–1 y–1, corresponding to an annual input of 205 kg Ntot ha–1) as compared to mineral fertilization under the conditions of the experiment. Even intensive N mineralization during a 4-month period of bare fallow did not cause pronounced differences between the fertilization treatments. The results suggest that in the pannonic climate, compost fertilization does not pose a risk for groundwater eutrophication on the medium term. AU - Erhart, Eva AU - Feichtinger, Franz AU - Hartl, Wilfried DO - 10.1002/jpln.200625181 IS - 5 KW - biowaste compost suction cups PY - 2007 SN - 1522-2624 SP - 608-614 ST - Nitrogen leaching losses under crops fertilized with biowaste compost compared with mineral fertilization T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science TI - Nitrogen leaching losses under crops fertilized with biowaste compost compared with mineral fertilization UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200625181 VL - 170 ID - 846 ER - TY - GEN AN - 847802280 AU - Erwin, Aichinger DB - HeBIS-Retro exkl. Leitkarten J2 - Aichinger, Erwin: Pflanzen als forstliche Standortsanzeiger LA - und PY - 1967 SP - 229 S. ST - Pflanzen als forstliche Standortsanzeiger [Signatur: ohne Signatur] TI - Pflanzen als forstliche Standortsanzeiger [Signatur: ohne Signatur] ID - 847 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract The behavioural reactions of young Agrotis segetum Schiff. to soil moisture were studied in pots with caged carrots. It was found that the larvae needed dry soil as hiding place. Hiding could also take place under cut off pieces of carrot leaves. If dry soil was available, the stay there was only interrupted by 1–2 feeding periods during the day. Hiding was prevented by keeping the soil moist. The observed differences in hiding behaviour in wet and dry soil may explain contradictory findings of other authors on the position of young cutworms.If wet soil prevented the larvae from hiding the frequency of feeding decreased. This may result in starvation, and may partly explain the negative influence on A. segetum of summers with excess rain. The behaviour of A. segetum seems adapted to dry conditions, and it may be disturbed so seriously by moist soil that the greater part of the population starve to death. This result agrees well with the fluctuations of this species in northern temperate countries. However, more knowledge of the influence of temperature is necessary for a full discussion of the significance of soil moisture. Zusammenfassung Verhaltensuntersuchungen an Junglarven von Agrotis segetum Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae): Zum Einfluß der BodenfeuchtigkeitDie Reaktionen von Agrotis segetum-Junglarven auf die Bodenfeuchtigkeit wurden in Blumentöpfen mit eingetopften und eingekäfigten Möhren untersucht. Die Raupen brauchten trockenen Boden als Versteck. Auch kleine Stücke von Möhrenblättern konnten als Versteck verwendet werden. Wenn trockener Boden zur Verfügung stand, hielten die Raupen sich hier die ganze Zeit auf, mit Ausnahme von 1–2 Freßperioden am Tag. Dieses Verstecken wurde durch das Befeuchten des Bodens verhindert. Die beobachteten Reaktionen von Jungraupen auf trockenem und feuchtem Boden ermöglichen eine Auseinandersetzung mit den nicht übereinstimmenden Beobachtungen von anderen Autoren hinsichtlich des Verhaltens der Jungraupen.Wenn die Bodenfeuchtigkeit das Verstecken der Raupen verhinderte, war auch die Häufigkeit der Nahrungsaufnahme verringert. Dabei konnten die Raupen verhungern; ein solches Verhalten kann den negativen Einfluß von hohen Sommerniederschlagsmengen auf A. segetum erklären. Das Verhalten von A. segetum scheint an trockene Verhältnisse so angepaßt zu sein, daß nasser Boden zum Verhungern des größten Teils der Population führt. Das stimmt mit den Fluktuationen von A. segetum-Populationen in den nördlichen temperierten Ländern gut überein. Vor einer eingehenderen Diskussion über die Bedeutung der Bodenfeuchtigkeit ist noch eine Untersuchung des Temperatur-einflußes notwendig. AU - Esbjerg, P. DO - 10.1111/j.1439-0418.1988.tb00189.x IS - 1-5 PY - 1988 SN - 1439-0418 SP - 295-302 ST - Behaviour of 1st- and 2nd-instar cutworms (Agrotis segetum Schiff.) (Lep., Noctuidae): the influence of soil moisture T2 - Journal of Applied Entomology TI - Behaviour of 1st- and 2nd-instar cutworms (Agrotis segetum Schiff.) (Lep., Noctuidae): the influence of soil moisture UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0418.1988.tb00189.x VL - 105 ID - 848 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract The importance of shelter for young Agrotis segetum Schiff. (Lep. Noctuidae) larvae was investigated using caged carrots (Daucus carota L.) with the soil surface covered only by paraffin wax, or with a layer of vermiculite resembling dry soil on top of a layer of paraffin wax. In the vermiculite treatment, most cutworms were found in the vermiculite with only a small proportion on the plant foliage, whereas in the paraffin wax treatment, the majority was found on the foliage. Larval growth rate was higher and mortality lower among the cutworms which could shelter in the vermiculite than amongst those with no shelter. These results agree with those from previous investigations which showed that moist soil prevented the larvae from sheltering in it. The importance of shelter in dry soil cannot be fully explained, but it may provide a more favourable temperature for larval development. Résumé Importance des abris pour les jeunes chenilles d'Agrotis segetumL'importance des abris pour les jeunes chenilles d'A. segetum a été examinée en utilisant des carottes (Daucus carota) dans des cages dont le sol était recouvert d'une couche de paraffine ou d'une couche de vermiculite mimant du sol sec au-dessus de La couche de paraffine. La plupart des vers gris ont été trouvés dans la couche de vermiculite contre une faible proportion dans le feuillage, tandis qu'en absence de vermiculite la majorité a été retrouvée dans le feuillage. La croissance larvaire était meilleure et la mortalité plus faible avec la vermiculite. Ces résultats sont conformes à des observations antérieures qui avaient montré qu'un sol humide empechait les chenilles de s'y abriter. L'importance de l'abri en sol sec n'est pas entièrement expliquée, mais celui-ci pourrait assurer une température plus favorable au développement larvaire. AU - Esbjerg, P. DO - 10.1111/j.1570-7458.1990.tb01317.x IS - 2 KW - Behaviour hiding Agrotis segetum PY - 1990 SN - 1570-7458 SP - 97-100 ST - The significance of shelter for young cutworms (Agrotis segetum) T2 - Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata TI - The significance of shelter for young cutworms (Agrotis segetum) UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1990.tb01317.x VL - 54 ID - 849 ER - TY - CONF A2 - OILB, Avignon (France) A2 - SROP, Bulletin OILB AU - ESBJERG, P. CY - Vienna, Austria KW - Pest insects Agrotis segetum Population change Soil water content Soil temperature Seasonal variation LA - English M1 - 4 PY - 1992 SN - ISSN 0253-1100 SP - 82-91 ST - Temperature and soil moisture – two major factors affecting Agrotis segetum, Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae) populations and their damage T2 - Lutte integree en culture de legumes, 28-30 Oct 1991 TI - Temperature and soil moisture – two major factors affecting Agrotis segetum, Schiff. (Lep., Noctuidae) populations and their damage UR - http://www.prodinra.inra.fr/ VL - 15 ID - 850 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Escher-Vetter, H. AU - Braun, L.N. AU - Siebers, M. AU - Weber, M. PY - 2005 SP - 19-32 ST - Water balance of the Vernagtferner high alpine basin based on long-term measurements and modelling T2 - Landschaftsökologie und Umweltforschung, TU Braunschweig TI - Water balance of the Vernagtferner high alpine basin based on long-term measurements and modelling VL - 48 ID - 3577 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Escher-Vetter, Heidi AU - Kuhn, Michael AU - Weber, Markus IS - 50 LB - Escher-Vetter2009 PY - 2009 SP - 87-95 ST - Four decades of winter mass balance of Vernagtferner and Hintereisferner, Austria: methodology and results T2 - Annals of Glaciology TI - Four decades of winter mass balance of Vernagtferner and Hintereisferner, Austria: methodology and results UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2009/00000050/00000050/art00013 VL - 50 ID - 3578 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F., Essl PY - 1994 SP - 65-86 ST - Floristische Beobachtungen aus dem östlichen oberösterreichischen Alpenvorland. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 2. T2 - Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs TI - Floristische Beobachtungen aus dem östlichen oberösterreichischen Alpenvorland VL - 2 ID - 851 ER - TY - BOOK AU - F., Essl AU - J., Walter CY - Wien PB - Böhlau Verlag PY - 2005 ST - Ausgewählte neophytische Gefäßpflanzenarten Österreichs. Grüne Reihe des Bundesministeriums für Landwirtschaft und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Böhlau Verlag, Wien. TI - Ausgewählte neophytische Gefäßpflanzenarten Österreichs. Grüne Reihe des Bundesministeriums für Landwirtschaft und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft ID - 852 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Essl, A. CY - Frankfurt PB - Verlagsunion Agrar PY - 1987 ST - Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion. Verlagsunion Agrar, Frankfurt. TI - Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion ID - 853 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Essl, A. PY - 1987 ST - Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion. Verlagsunion Agrar, Frankfurt. TI - Statistische Methoden in der Tierproduktion. Verlagsunion Agrar, Frankfurt ID - 854 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch, W. PY - 2002 SP - 432 ST - Neobiota in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt, Wien. TI - Neobiota in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt, Wien ID - 855 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch, W. PY - 2002 SP - 432 pp ST - Neobiota in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt, Wien. TI - Neobiota in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt, Wien ID - 856 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch, W. PY - 2005 SP - 26 ST - Österreichischer Aktionsplan zu gebietsfremden Arten (Neobiota) TI - Österreichischer Aktionsplan zu gebietsfremden Arten (Neobiota) ID - 857 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch AU - W LB - essl02 PY - 2002 SP - 432 ST - Neobiota in Österreich T2 - Umweltbundesamt, Wien TI - Neobiota in Österreich ID - 858 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Essl, F. AU - Rabitsch AU - W. LB - essl02 PY - 2002 SP - 432 ST - Neobiota in Österreich T2 - Umweltbundesamt, Wien TI - Neobiota in Österreich ID - 859 ER - TY - WEB AU - KLEMS, EU PY - 2007 ST - Growth and Productivity Accounts TI - Growth and Productivity Accounts UR - http://www.euklems.com ID - 860 ER - TY - LEGAL AU - Commission, European PY - 2006 T2 - COM (2006)231 TI - Communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the regions: Towards a Thematic Strategy for Soil Protection. ID - 3394 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Agency, European Environment PY - 2008 SP - 246 ST - Impacts of Europe’s changing climate - 2008 indicatorbased assessment T2 - EEA Report TI - Impacts of Europe’s changing climate - 2008 indicatorbased assessment VL - 4 ID - 861 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (EEA), European Environment Agency CY - Copenhague, Denmark PY - 2000 SP - 32 ST - Down to earth. Soil degradation and sustainable development in Europe – a challenge for the 21st century T2 - Environmental Issue Report No. 16 TI - Down to earth. Soil degradation and sustainable development in Europe – a challenge for the 21st century ID - 862 ER - TY - GEN AU - Commission, European Travel PY - 2006 ST - Tourismus Trends für Europa TI - Tourismus Trends für Europa UR - http://www.etc-corporate.org/resources/uploads/ETC_Tourismus_Trends_fuer_Europa_02-2007_GER.pdf ID - 863 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyse the importance of the theory of social capital for the challenges presented during environmental management initiatives in higher education institutions (HEIs). In particular, the paper utilises the fundamental components of social capital theory and assesses a hypothesis that higher stocks of social capital result in benefits for environmental management of HEIs. Design/methodology/approach: An introduction of the concept of social capital and its components is presented followed by a brief review on its main connections with environmental policy and management in general. An analysis of the influence of each component on several issues occurring during the environmental management of HEIs follows. Findings: Through the analysis, it is claimed that social capital is a useful concept for the environmental management of HEIs and may significantly facilitate such initiatives. Research limitations/implications: The paper emphasizes the effect of community social capital in the internal functioning of organizations. Further research could also explore the influence of dealings with external actors. Practical implications: The paper emphasises the importance of exploring the potential influence of social factors while planning environmental initiatives. Through such assessments, several obstacles may be overcome during implementation procedures. Originality/value: This is a first attempt to explore the application of the theory of social capital for the functioning of the academic community during initiatives for the greening of HEIs. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited. AD - Department of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece Evangelinos, K. I. Department of the Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece AU - Evangelinos, K. I. AU - Jones, N. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1108/14676370910990684 IS - 4 J2 - Int. J. Sustain. High. Educ. KW - Environmental management Higher education Social capital Sustainable development LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):6 References: Allen-Gil, S., Walker, L., Thomas, G., Shevory, T., Elan, S., Forming a community partnership to enhance education in sustainability (2005) International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 6 (4), pp. 392-402; Anderson, J.E., (2006) Public Policymaking: An Introduction, , 6th ed., Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, MA; Barnes, P., Jerman, P., Developing an environmental management system for a multiple-university consortium (2002) Journal of Cleaner Production, 10, pp. 33-9; Bourdieu, P., The forms of capital, in Richardson (1986) Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education, pp. 241-58. , J.G. (Ed.), Greenwood Press, New York, NY; Bullock III, C.S., Rodgers Jr., R.H., Civil rights policies and the matter of compliance (1976), pp. 237-57. , in Anderson, J.E. 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(Ed.), Westview Press, Boulder, CO; Zhao, Y., Measuring the social capital of laid-off Chinese workers (2002) Current Sociology, 50 (4), pp. 555-71 PY - 2009 SN - 14676370 SP - 334-342 ST - An analysis of social capital and environmental management of higher education institutions T2 - International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education TI - An analysis of social capital and environmental management of higher education institutions UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70350236362&partnerID=40&md5=7a4b0ec8189363f2a07ab98541180c4a VL - 10 ID - 3518 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climatic warming during the last 100-150 years has resulted in a significant glacier ice loss from mountainous areas of the world. Certain natural processes which pose hazards to people and development in these areas have accelerated as a result of this recent deglaciation. These include glacier avalanches, landslides and slope instability caused by glacier debuttressing, and outburst floods from moraine- and glacier-dammed lakes. In addition, changes in sediment and water supply induced by climatic warming and glacier retreat have altered channel and floodplain patterns of rivers draining high mountain ranges. The perturbation of natural processes operating in mountain environments, caused by recent climatic warming, ranges from tens of decades for moraine-dam failures to hundreds of years or more for landslides. The recognition that climatic change as modest as that of the last century can perturb natural alpine processes has important implications for hazard assessment and future development in mountains. Even so, these effects are probably at least an order of magnitude smaller than those associated with late Pleistocene deglaciation ca. 15,000 to 10,000 years ago. AU - Evans, S. G. AU - Clague, J. J. DO - SSDIO169-555X(94)O0034-O PY - 1994 SP - 107-128 ST - Recent climatic change and catastrophic geomorphic processes in mountain environments T2 - Geomorphology TI - Recent climatic change and catastrophic geomorphic processes in mountain environments VL - 10 ID - 864 ER - TY - JOUR AB -

Effects of increasing carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] on wheat vary depending on water supply and climatic conditions, which are difficult to estimate. Crop simulation models are often used to predict the impact of global atmospheric changes on food production. However, models have rarely been tested for effects on crops of [CO2] and drought for different climatic conditions due to limited data available from field experiments.Simulations of the effects of elevated [CO2] and drought on spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from three crop simulation models (LINTULCC2, AFRCWHEAT2, Sirius), which differ in structure and mechanistic detail, were compared with observations. These were from 2 years of free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) experiments in Maricopa, Arizona and 2 years of standardised (in crop management and soil conditions) open-top chamber (OTC) experiments in Braunschweig and Giessen, Germany. In a simulation exercise, models were used to assess the possible impact of increased [CO2] on wheat yields measured between 1987 and 1999 at one farm site in the drought prone region of Andalucia, south Spain.The models simulated well final biomass (BM), grain yield (GY), cumulative evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) of wheat grown in the FACE experiments but simulations were unsatisfactory for OTC experiments. Radiation use efficiency (RUE) and yield responses to [CO2] and drought were on average higher in OTC than in FACE experiments. However, there was large variation among OTC experiments. Plant growth in OTCs was probably modified by several factors related to plot size, the use (or not use) of border plants, airflow pattern, modification of radiation balance and/or restriction of rooting volume that were not included in the models. Variation in farm yields in south Spain was partly explained by the models, but sources of unexplained yield variation could not be identified and were most likely related to effects of pests and diseases that were not included in the models. Simulated GY in south Spain increased in the range between 30 and 65% due to doubling [CO2]. The simulated increase was larger when a [CO2]xdrought interaction was assumed (LINTULCC2, AFRCWHEAT2) than when it was not (Sirius).It was concluded that crop simulation models are able to reproduce wheat growth and yield for different [CO2] and drought treatments in a field environment. However, there is still uncertainty about the combined effects of [CO2] and drought including the timing of drought stress and about relationships that determine yield variation at farm and larger scales that require further investigation including model testing.

AU - Ewert, F. AU - Rodriguez, D. AU - Jamieson, P. AU - Semenov, M. A. AU - Mitchell, R. A. C. AU - Goudriaan, J. AU - Porter, J. R. AU - Kimball, B. A. AU - Pinter, P. J. AU - Manderscheid, R. AU - Weigel, H. J. AU - Fangmeier, A. AU - Fereres, E. AU - Villalobos, F. IS - 1 KW - Wheat Crop simulation models CO2 Drought Climatic conditions N1 - doi:10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00352-8 PY - 2002 SP - 249-266 ST - Effects of elevated CO2 and drought on wheat: testing crop simulation models for different experimental and climatic conditions T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment TI - Effects of elevated CO2 and drought on wheat: testing crop simulation models for different experimental and climatic conditions UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/01678809/2002/00000093/00000001/art00352 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00352-8 VL - 93 ID - 865 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Eybl, J, Godina,R. AU - Lalk, P. AU - Lorenz, P. AU - Müller, G. AU - V., Weilguni PY - 2004 ST - Trockenheit in Österreich im Jahr 2003. Ein hydrologischer Situationsbericht, Wien TI - Trockenheit in Österreich im Jahr 2003. Ein hydrologischer Situationsbericht, Wien ID - 866 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F., Essl PY - 1994 SP - 65-86. ST - Floristische Beobachtungen aus dem östlichen oberösterreichischen Alpenvorland. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 2. TI - Floristische Beobachtungen aus dem östlichen oberösterreichischen Alpenvorland. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 2 ID - 867 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.A LB - fa86 PY - 1986 SP - 33 ST - Yield response to water T2 - FAO irrigation and drainage paper TI - Yield response to water ID - 868 ER - TY - GEN AU - F.A LB - fa92 PY - 1992 ST - Crop water requirements.- FAO irrigation and drainage paper, 24pp. TI - Crop water requirements.- FAO irrigation and drainage paper, 24pp ID - 869 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.A LB - fa97 PY - 1997 SP - 46 ST - CROPWAT-A computer program for irrigation planning and management T2 - FAO irrigation and drainage paper TI - CROPWAT-A computer program for irrigation planning and management ID - 870 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.A, Ziska L.H. AU - Caulfield PY - 2000 SP - 27: 893-898. ST - Rising CO2 and pollen pollen production of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), a known allergy-inducing species: implications for publiv health. Aust. J. Plant. Physiol. TI - Rising CO2 and pollen pollen production of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), a known allergy-inducing species: implications for publiv health. Aust. J. Plant. Physiol ID - 871 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.A, Zwander L.H. AU - Caulfield PY - 2000 SP - 32/2: 738-739. ST - Neue Daten zum Pollenflug des Traubenkrautes (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Klagenfurt (Kärnten). Linzer biol. Beitr. TI - Neue Daten zum Pollenflug des Traubenkrautes (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Klagenfurt (Kärnten). Linzer biol. Beitr ID - 872 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.A. LB - fa86 PY - 1986 SP - 33 ST - Yield response to water T2 - FAO irrigation and drainage paper TI - Yield response to water ID - 873 ER - TY - GEN AU - F.A. LB - fa92 PY - 1992 ST - Crop water requirements.- FAO irrigation and drainage paper, 24pp. TI - Crop water requirements.- FAO irrigation and drainage paper, 24pp ID - 874 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.A. LB - fa97 PY - 1997 SP - 46 ST - CROPWAT-A computer program for irrigation planning and management T2 - FAO irrigation and drainage paper TI - CROPWAT-A computer program for irrigation planning and management ID - 875 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.E, Harrell PY - 2001 ST - Regression modelling strategies. Springer, New York. TI - Regression modelling strategies. Springer, New York ID - 876 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F., F.Nobilis AU - R., Godina PY - 2006 SP - 51 ST - Extreme Trockenheit in Österreich: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, v. Heft 3-4, p. S. 51 T2 - Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft TI - Extreme Trockenheit in Österreich VL - Heft 3-4 ID - 877 ER - TY - JOUR AU - F.Nobilis, and R. Godina PY - 2006 ST - Extreme Trockenheit in Österreich: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, v. Heft 3-4, p. S. 51 TI - Extreme Trockenheit in Österreich: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, v. Heft 3-4, p. S. 51 ID - 878 ER - TY - THES AU - Faber, F. LB - faber1982 PB - Univ. f. Bodenkultur, Wien. PY - 1982 ST - Historische, Politische und Rechtliche Aspekte im Weinbau unter Besonderer Berücksichtigung Von Niederösterreich. TI - Historische, Politische und Rechtliche Aspekte im Weinbau unter Besonderer Berücksichtigung Von Niederösterreich ID - 879 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Faber, J. PY - 2007 SP - 20-21 ST - Wo geht`s zum Strand T2 - bulletin der ÖW TI - Wo geht`s zum Strand VL - Mai 2007 ID - 880 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 5 ST - Der heutige Stand der Engerlingsbekämpfung T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Der heutige Stand der Engerlingsbekämpfung VL - 4 ID - 881 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 3-4 ST - Erfahrungen über Maikäfer-Großbekämpfungsaktionen T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Erfahrungen über Maikäfer-Großbekämpfungsaktionen VL - 4 ID - 882 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 2-3 ST - Über die Lebensweise und Entwicklung des Maikäfers T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Über die Lebensweise und Entwicklung des Maikäfers VL - 4 ID - 883 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 2. Sondernummer PY - 1951 SP - 6-7 ST - Wie erkennen wir die Engerlinge schädlicher Blatthornkäferarten T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Wie erkennen wir die Engerlinge schädlicher Blatthornkäferarten VL - 4 ID - 884 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FABER, W. IS - 1/10 PY - 1961 SP - 101-146 ST - Ergebnisse zehnjähriger Erhebungen über die Flugjahre des Maikäfers (Melolontha melolontha L. und M. hippocastani F.) in Österreich T2 - Pflanzenschutz Berichte TI - Ergebnisse zehnjähriger Erhebungen über die Flugjahre des Maikäfers (Melolontha melolontha L. und M. hippocastani F.) in Österreich VL - 27 ID - 885 ER - TY - BOOK AU - FABER, W. AU - ZWATZ, B. CY - Wien ET - 3. Aufl. PB - Bundesanstalt für Pflanzenschutz PY - 1978 ST - Wichtige Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Getreide- und Maisbau TI - Wichtige Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Getreide- und Maisbau ID - 886 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Faccoli, M. LB - facc02 PY - 2002 SP - 62-68 ST - Winter mortality in sub-corticolous populations of Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) and its parasitoids in the south-eastern Alps T2 - J.Pest Science TI - Winter mortality in sub-corticolous populations of Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) and its parasitoids in the south-eastern Alps VL - 75 ID - 887 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Faccoli, Massimo DA - 2013/03/07 DO - 10.1603/022.038.0202 IS - 2 N1 - doi: 10.1603/022.038.0202 PY - 2009 SN - 0046-225X SP - 307-316 ST - Effect of Weather on Ips typographus (Coleoptera Curculionidae) Phenology, Voltinism, and Associated Spruce Mortality in the Southeastern Alps T2 - Environmental Entomology TI - Effect of Weather on Ips typographus (Coleoptera Curculionidae) Phenology, Voltinism, and Associated Spruce Mortality in the Southeastern Alps UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/022.038.0202 VL - 38 ID - 888 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Within the European Community snow damage affects an estimated 4 million m3 of timber every year, causing significant economic losses to forest owners. In Northern Europe, for example, the occurrence of snow damage has increased over the last few decades mainly due to the increase in total growing stock. The most common form of damage is stem breakage, but trees can also be bent or uprooted. Trees suffering snow damage are also more prone to consequential damage through insect or fungal attacks. Snow accumulation on trees is strongly dependent upon weather and climatological conditions. Temperature influences the moisture content of snow and therefore the degree to which it can accumulate on branches. Wind can cause snow to be shed, but can also lead to large accumulations of wet snow, rime or freezing rain. Wet snow is most likely in late autumn or early spring. Geographic location and topography influence the occurrence of damaging forms of snow, and coastal locations and moderate to high elevations experience large accumulations. Slope plays a less important role and the evidence on the role of aspect is contradictory. The occurrence of damaging events can vary from every winter to once every 10 years or so depending upon regional climatology. In the future, assuming global warming in northern latitudes, the risk of snow damage could increase, because the relative occurrence of snowfall near temperatures of zero could increase. The severity of snow damage is related to tree characteristics. Stem taper and crown characteristics are the most important factors controlling the stability of trees. Slightly tapering stems, asymmetric crowns, and rigid horizontal branching are all associated with high risk. However, the evidence on species differences is less clear due to the interaction with location. Management of forests can alter risk through choice of regeneration, tending, thinning and rotation. However, quantification and comparison of the absolute effect of these measures is not yet possible. An integrated risk model is required to allow the various locational and silvicultural factors to be assessed. Plans are presented to construct such a model, and gaps in knowledge are highlighted. AU - conditions, Factors affecting snow damage of trees with particular reference to European IS - 2 PY - 1997 SE - 193 SN - 0037-5330 SP - 193-213 ST - Nykänen, Marja-Leena; Peltola, Heli; Quine, Christopher; Kellomäki, Seppo; Broadgate, Marianne T2 - Silva Fennica TI - Nykänen, Marja-Leena; Peltola, Heli; Quine, Christopher; Kellomäki, Seppo; Broadgate, Marianne UR - http://hdl.handle.net/1975/8519 VL - 31 ID - 889 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fahey, J.W. AU - Zalcmann, A.T. AU - Talalay, P. PY - 2001 SE - 5 SP - 5-51 ST - The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants. T2 - Phytochemistry TI - The chemical diversity and distribution of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates among plants. VL - 56 ID - 3342 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Decomposition of roots of Acer saccharum, Betula alleghaniensis, Fagus grandifolia and Picea rubens in a northern hardwood ecosystem was measured following whole-tree harvest of watershed 5 at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Decay of fine roots was initially rapid but declined abruptly after the 1st summer. Ash-free weight loss from small woody roots decreased with increasing root diameter and was much slower than decay rates for corresponding aboveground tissues. Weight loss rates among species generally were not significantly different, but large woody roots (10-100 mm diameter) of sugar maple decayed much more rapidly than the other species. Rapid release of K and Mg was observed for all roots. Initially high rates of N and P release were observed for fine roots, whereas these nutrients were effectively retained in decaying woody roots. Retention of Ca was observed for all roots; significant accumulation of Ca was observed in the larger size classes of woody roots. Particularly for N and K, release from decaying roots was an important nutrient flux pathway supplying stream outflow and vegetation regrowth in the first two years following forest harvest. -from Authors AD - Dept. of Natural Resources Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. AU - Fahey, T. J. AU - Hughes, J. W. AU - Pu, M. AU - Arthur, M. A. DB - Scopus IS - 3 KW - decomposition nutrient flux root USA, New Hampshire, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):126 PY - 1988 SN - 0015749X SP - 744-768 ST - Root decomposition and nutrient flux following whole-tree harvest of northern hardwood forest T2 - Forest Science TI - Root decomposition and nutrient flux following whole-tree harvest of northern hardwood forest UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0024186856&partnerID=40&md5=a7b76e409f7313e44fabb68008fdce50 VL - 34 ID - 3418 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 60 AU - Falloon, Pete AU - Betts, Richard IS - 23 KW - Adaptation agriculture climate change Europe Mitigation water management N1 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.05.002 00489697 SP - 5667 ST - Climate impacts on European agriculture and water management in the context of adaptation and mitigation—The importance of an integrated approach T2 - Science of The Total Environment TI - Climate impacts on European agriculture and water management in the context of adaptation and mitigation—The importance of an integrated approach UR - http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969709004537 VL - 408 ID - 890 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In plants, investment in height improves access to light, but incurs costs in construction and maintenance of the stem. Because the benefits of plant height depend on which other height strategies are present, competition for light can usefully be framed as a game-theoretic problem. The vertical structure of the world's vegetation, which is inefficient for plant growth, can then be understood as the outcome of evolutionary and ecological arms races. In addition, game-theoretic models predict taller vegetation on sites of higher leaf area index, and allocation to reproduction only after an initial period of height growth. However, of 14 game-theoretic models for height reviewed here, only one predicts coexistence of a mix of height strategies, a conspicuous feature of most vegetation. We suggest that game-theoretic models could help account for observed mixtures of height strategies if they incorporated processes for coexistence along spectra of light income and time since disturbance. AU - Falster, Daniel S. AU - Westoby, Mark IS - 7 N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0169-5347(03)00061-2 PY - 2003 SN - 0169-5347 SP - 337-343 ST - Plant height and evolutionary games T2 - Trends in Ecology & Evolution TI - Plant height and evolutionary games UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534703000612 VL - 18 ID - 891 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fanger, P. O. CY - USA LB - fanger1970 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - McGraw-Hill Book Company PY - 1970 ST - Thermal Comfort, Analysis and Applications in Environmental Engineering TI - Thermal Comfort, Analysis and Applications in Environmental Engineering ID - 892 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fanger, P. O. CY - New York PB - McGraw Hill PY - 1972 ST - Thermal comfort TI - Thermal comfort ID - 893 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fanger, P.O. CY - USA LB - fanger1970 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - McGraw-Hill Book Company PY - 1970 ST - Thermal Comfort, Analysis and Applications in Environmental Engineering TI - Thermal Comfort, Analysis and Applications in Environmental Engineering ID - 894 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fangmeier, A., Chrost, B., Hogy, P. and K. Krupinska PY - 2000 SP - 151–164. ST - CO2 enrichment enhances flag leaf senescence in barley due to greater grain nitrogen sink capacity T2 - Environmental and Experimental Botany TI - CO2 enrichment enhances flag leaf senescence in barley due to greater grain nitrogen sink capacity VL - 44 ID - 895 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Anglia, University of East AU - Fankhauser, S. PY - 1993 ST - Global Warming Damage Costs - Some Monetary Estimates TI - Global Warming Damage Costs - Some Monetary Estimates ID - 896 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - 2010, FAO CY - Rome, Italy, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations PY - 2010 ST - Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 TI - Global Forest Resources Assessment 2010 UR - http://www.fao.org/forestry/fra/fra2010/en/ (abgerufen 22.03.2013) ID - 897 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - 2011, FAO CY - Rome, Italy, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations PY - 2011 ST - State of the World's Forests TI - State of the World's Forests UR - http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i2000e/i2000e00.htm (abgerufen am 22.03.2013) ID - 898 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - FAO AU - FAO ET - ISBN 92-5-100722-5 M1 - 9 PY - 1962 ST - Forest influences: An introduction to ecological forestry T2 - FAO Forestry Series TI - Forest influences: An introduction to ecological forestry ID - 899 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Farndon, J. LB - farndon92 N1 - Wissensbuch für Kinder PB - Dorling Kindersly PY - 1992 ST - Wetter T2 - Naturführer für Kinder TI - Wetter ID - 900 ER - TY - BOOK AU - FBVA LB - fbva:63 PB - Eigenverlag FBVA PY - 1961 ST - Ökologische Untersuchungen in der subapline Stufe - Teil 1 T2 - Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Mariabrunn TI - Ökologische Untersuchungen in der subapline Stufe - Teil 1 VL - 59 ID - 901 ER - TY - CHAP AU - FBVA LB - fbva1995a PB - Forstliche Bundesversuchanstalt PY - 1995 SP - 194 ST - Instruktionen für die Feldarbeit der Österreichischen Waldinventur 1992-1996 TI - Instruktionen für die Feldarbeit der Österreichischen Waldinventur 1992-1996 ID - 902 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Fbva LB - fbva1995a PB - Forstliche Bundesversuchanstalt PY - 1995 SP - 194 ST - Instruktionen für die Feldarbeit der Österreichischen Waldinventur 1992-1996 TI - Instruktionen für die Feldarbeit der Österreichischen Waldinventur 1992-1996 ID - 903 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fedaku, Y. AU - Teshome, T. PY - 1998 SP - 201-207 ST - Effect of drip and furrow irrigation and plant spacing on yield of tomato at Dire Dawa, Ethiopia T2 - Agricultural Water Management TI - Effect of drip and furrow irrigation and plant spacing on yield of tomato at Dire Dawa, Ethiopia VL - 35 ID - 904 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Feichtinger, F. AU - Scheidl, A. AU - Dorner, J. J2 - Bericht, Institut für Kulturtechnik und Bodenwasserhaushalt, Petzenkirchen PY - 2005 ST - ÖPUL 2000 - Evaluierung der wasserwirtschaft- lichen Relevanz (Effizienz) einer Begrünung von Ackerflächen im Herbst und Winter TI - ÖPUL 2000 - Evaluierung der wasserwirtschaft- lichen Relevanz (Effizienz) einer Begrünung von Ackerflächen im Herbst und Winter ID - 3343 ER - TY - RPRT AB - The theory and application of principal components regression, a method for coping with multicollinearity among independent variables in analyzing ecological data, is exhibited in detail. A concrete example of the complex procedures that must be carried out in developing a diagnostic growth-climate model is provided. We use tree radial increment data taken from breast height as the dependent variable and climatic data from the area as the independent data. Thirty-four monthly temperature and precipitation measurements are used as potential predictors of annual growth. Included are monthly average temperatures and total monthly precipitation for the current and past growing season. The underlying theory and detail illustration of the computational procedures provide the reader with the ability to apply this methodology to other situations where multicollinearity exists. Comparison of the principal component selection rules is shown to significantly influence the regression results. A complete derivation of the method used to estimate standard errors of the principal component estimators is provided. The appropriate test statistic, which does not depend on the selection rule, is discussed. The means to recognize and adjust for autocorrelation in the dependent data is also considered in detail. Appendices and directions to internet-based example data and codes provide the user with the ability to examine the code and example output and produce similar results. AU - Fekedulegn, B.D. AU - Colbert, J.J. AU - Hicks Jr., R.R. AU - Schuckers, M.E. M1 - Research Paper NE-721 PB - USDA Forest Service SP - 1-42 ST - Coping with Multicollinearity: An Example on Application of Principle Component Regression in Dendroecology TI - Coping with Multicollinearity: An Example on Application of Principle Component Regression in Dendroecology ID - 905 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Felber, Christian CY - Wien PB - Deuticke. PY - 2008 SE - 336 SN - 978-3-552-06072-2 ST - Neue Werte für die Wirtschaft – Eine Alternative zu Kommunismus und Kapitalismus TI - Neue Werte für die Wirtschaft – Eine Alternative zu Kommunismus und Kapitalismus ID - 3519 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Felgentreff, C. AU - Glade, T. (Hrsg.) CY - Berlin, Heidelberg PB - Akademischer Verlag PY - 2008 SP - 454 ST - Naturrisiken und Sozialkatastrophen TI - Naturrisiken und Sozialkatastrophen ID - 906 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ferrarese, U. AU - Maroli, M. PY - 2002 SP - 171-179 ST - Ricerche sui flebotomi (Diptera, Psychodidae) in provincia di Trento nel 2001 T2 - Annali Museo civico, Rovereto TI - Ricerche sui flebotomi (Diptera, Psychodidae) in provincia di Trento nel 2001 VL - 18 ID - 907 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ferrarese, U. AU - Natale, A. AU - Coradi, S. AU - Maroli, M. PY - 2004 SP - 341-348 ST - Nuovi ritrovamenti di flebotomi (Diptera, Psychodidae) nella parte meridionale del Trentino. T2 - Annali Museo civico, Rovereto TI - Nuovi ritrovamenti di flebotomi (Diptera, Psychodidae) nella parte meridionale del Trentino. VL - 20 ID - 908 ER - TY - THES AU - Fey, C. PB - Universität Heidelberg PY - 2010 SP - 125 ST - Modellierung von Steinschlag, Blockschlag und Felsstürzen auf alpinen Bergwegen – Kalibrierung und Anwendung von Sturzmodellierungsprogrammen zur sichereren Gestaltung des Hüttenzustiegweges zur Winnebachseehütte in Tirol T2 - Institut für Geographie TI - Modellierung von Steinschlag, Blockschlag und Felsstürzen auf alpinen Bergwegen – Kalibrierung und Anwendung von Sturzmodellierungsprogrammen zur sichereren Gestaltung des Hüttenzustiegweges zur Winnebachseehütte in Tirol VL - Mag. ID - 909 ER - TY - BOOK AB - Das Wetter, das die Meteorologen vorhersagen, gilt für die freie Landschaft. In den Städten ist das Klima deutlich anders: zu den angesagten Temperaturen muß man 1 bis 10 Grad dazuzählen, die Luft ist von schlechter Qualität, und sie fließt anders. Alle derartigen Abwandlungen des zonalen und regionalen Klimas werden in diesem Lehrbuch behandelt, und ihre Ursachen werden aufgehellt. Viele Diagramme und Karten illustrieren die Verteilung der Erscheinungen in Raum und Zeit. Um die unerwünschten Elemente des Siedlungsklimas abzumildern, empfiehlt der Verfasser für jede Klimazone bestimmte Richtlinien für Städtebau und Gebäudeentwurf. Dazu hat er in vielen Besprechungen mit Regional- und Stadtplanern die nötigen Erfahrungen gesammelt. Das Buch wendet sich an Studenten und Lehrer, an Geowissenschaftler, Architekten und Planer sowie an alle interessierten Stadtbewohner. Ein Glossar und ein Sachregister erleichtern die Erschließung des Inhalts. AU - Fezer, F. CY - Gotha, Deutschland PB - Justus Perthes Verlag PY - 1995 SP - 199 ST - Das Klima der Städte TI - Das Klima der Städte ID - 910 ER - TY - WEB AU - FHP (KOOPERATIONSPLATTFORM HOLZ PAPIER) M1 - 23.11.2008 PY - 2007 ST - Bewirtschaftung von Kurzumtriebsflächen TI - Bewirtschaftung von Kurzumtriebsflächen UR - http://www.forstholzpapier.at/getfile.php?filename=eX+ImIGnpbGtpqqknJyamKmflKOkZ6aWmQ==&PH ID - 911 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - SCHAHN, J. A2 - GIESINGER, T. AU - FIETKAU, H.J. AU - KESSEL, H. PB - Hemsbach: Psychologie Verlags Union. PY - 1981 SN - 978-3621271646 SP - 252 ST - Umweltlernen: Veränderungsmöglichkeiten des Umweltbewusstseins. Modelle – Erfahrungen. T2 - Psychologie für den Umweltschutz. TI - Umweltlernen: Veränderungsmöglichkeiten des Umweltbewusstseins. Modelle – Erfahrungen. ID - 3520 ER - TY - THES AU - Filli, F. PB - Techn. Univ. München PY - 2002 ST - Der Steinbock im Spiegel von Theorie und Management. Diss. Techn. Univ. München. TI - Der Steinbock im Spiegel von Theorie und Management VL - Dr. ID - 912 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FILLI, F. PY - 2002 ST - Der Steinbock im Spiegel von Theorie und Management. Diss. Techn. Univ. München. TI - Der Steinbock im Spiegel von Theorie und Management. Diss. Techn. Univ. München ID - 913 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Filli, F. und S. Campell PY - 2005 SP - 149-170 ST - Der Sommerlebensraum der Gämse Rupicapra rupicapra in einem inneralpinen Lebensraum am Beispiel der Gebiete Il Fuorn und Val Trupchun im Schweizerischen Nationalpark. Nationalpark-Forschung in der Schweiz. T2 - Nationalpark-Forschung in der Schweiz TI - Der Sommerlebensraum der Gämse Rupicapra rupicapra in einem inneralpinen Lebensraum am Beispiel der Gebiete Il Fuorn und Val Trupchun im Schweizerischen Nationalpark VL - Bd. 95 ID - 914 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FILLI, F. und S. CAMPELL PY - 2005 SP - Bd. 95, 149-170 ST - Der Sommerlebensraum der Gämse Rupicapra rupicapra in einem inneralpinen Lebensraum am Beispiel der Gebiete Il Fuorn und Val Trupchun im Schweizerischen Nationalpark. Nationalpark-Forschung in der Schweiz. TI - Der Sommerlebensraum der Gämse Rupicapra rupicapra in einem inneralpinen Lebensraum am Beispiel der Gebiete Il Fuorn und Val Trupchun im Schweizerischen Nationalpark. Nationalpark-Forschung in der Schweiz ID - 915 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fillunger, J. CY - Wien LB - fillunger1968 PB - Selbstverlag PY - 1868 ST - Vergleichende Statistik über Die Real- und Productionswerte. Im Österreichischen Kaiserstaate TI - Vergleichende Statistik über Die Real- und Productionswerte. Im Österreichischen Kaiserstaate ID - 916 ER - TY - GEN AU - Finanzen, Bundesministerium Für LB - bmf PB - http://www.bmf.gv.at PY - 2003 ID - 917 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - (Hrsg.), Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften AU - Fink. J, Walder W. AU - Reyrich, W. CY - Wien PB - Freytag-Berndt und Ataria PY - 1979 ST - Böden und Standortsbeurteilung. – In: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.) Atlas der Republik Österreich. 6. Lieferung. Freytag-Berndt und Ataria, Wien. T2 - Atlas der Republik Österreich TI - Böden und Standortsbeurteilung VL - 6. Lieferung ID - 918 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fink. J., Walder W. AU - W., Reyrich PY - 1979 ST - Böden und Standortsbeurteilung. – In: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.) Atlas der Republik Österreich. 6. Lieferung. Freytag-Berndt und Ataria, Wien. TI - Böden und Standortsbeurteilung. – In: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (Hrsg.) Atlas der Republik Österreich. 6. Lieferung. Freytag-Berndt und Ataria, Wien ID - 919 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Finucane, Melissa L. AU - Slovic, Paul AU - Mertz, C.K. AU - Flynn, James AU - Satterfield, Theresa A. ET - 172 PY - 2000 SE - 159 ST - Gender, race, and perceived risk: the 'white male' effect T2 - Healthy risk and society TI - Gender, race, and perceived risk: the 'white male' effect VL - 2 ID - 3626 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fischer, A. IS - 1-2 KW - glacier monitoring LB - Fischer2010 PY - 2010 SN - 0921-8181 SP - 13 - 26 ST - Glaciers and climate change: Interpretation of 50 years of direct mass balance of Hintereisferner T2 - Global and Planetary Change TI - Glaciers and climate change: Interpretation of 50 years of direct mass balance of Hintereisferner UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818109001994 VL - 71 ID - 3579 ER - TY - GEN AU - Fischer, M. DA - April 30 LB - fischer2003 PB - Referat anlässlich der öffentlichen Vorlesungsreihe "Katastrophen und ihre Bewältigung" des Collegium generale der Universität Bern PY - 2003 ST - Solidarität Schafft Sicherheit TI - Solidarität Schafft Sicherheit ID - 920 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fischer, M. A. Adler W. AU - Oswald, K. CY - Linz PB - Biologiezentrum Oberösterreich PY - 2005 SP - 1392 ST - Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol. Biologiezentrum Oberösterreich, Linz TI - Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol ID - 921 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fischer, M.A., Adler, W. AU - Oswald, K. PY - 2005 SP - 1392 pp. ST - Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol. Biologiezentrum Oberösterreich, Linz TI - Exkursionsflora für Österreich, Liechtenstein und Südtirol. Biologiezentrum Oberösterreich, Linz ID - 922 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fischlin, A. AU - Gyalistras, D. DA - Jan IS - 1 LB - fischlin1997 PY - 1997 SP - 19-37 ST - Assessing impacts of climatic change on forests in the Alps T2 - Global Ecol BioGeogr TI - Assessing impacts of climatic change on forests in the Alps VL - 6 ID - 923 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - PARRY, M. L. A2 - CANZIANI, O. F. A2 - PALUTIKOF, J. P. A2 - VAN DER LINDEN, P. J. A2 - HANSON, C. E. (eds.) AU - Fischlin, Andreas AU - Midgley, Guy F. AU - Hughs, Lesley AU - Price, Jeff AU - Leemans, Rik AU - Gopal, Brij AU - Turley, Carol AU - Rounsevell, Mark AU - Dube, Pauline AU - Tarazona, Juan AU - Velichko, Andrei CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, USA: Cambridge University Press. PB - Cambridge University Press ST - Ecosystems, their properties, goods and services T2 - Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Ecosystems, their properties, goods and services UR - http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/75156 ID - 924 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Flacke, W. und B. Kraus CY - Halmstad PB - Points Verlag Norden PY - 2003 ST - Koordinatensysteme in ArcGIS. Praxis der Transformationen und Projektionen. Points Verlag Norden, Halmstad TI - Koordinatensysteme in ArcGIS. Praxis der Transformationen und Projektionen ID - 925 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FLACKE, W. und B. KRAUS PY - 2003 ST - Koordinatensysteme in ArcGIS. Praxis der Transformationen und Projektionen. Points Verlag Norden, Halmstad TI - Koordinatensysteme in ArcGIS. Praxis der Transformationen und Projektionen. Points Verlag Norden, Halmstad ID - 926 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Laboratory, U.S. National Soil Erosion Research AU - Flanagan and Nearing, (eds.) CY - West Lafayette, Indiana PY - 1995 ST - USDA-Water Erosion Prediction Project T2 - NSERL Report No. 11 TI - USDA-Water Erosion Prediction Project ID - 927 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - (1991bzw.1993), Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften AU - Fleischhacker, V. PB - Verlag der öster-reichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften PY - 1991 ST - Bestandsaufnahme Anthropogene Klimaänderungen. Teilbearbei-tung: Auswirkungen auf den Tourismus. T2 - Bestandsaufnahme Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkun-gen auf Österreich - mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich TI - Bestandsaufnahme Anthropogene Klimaänderungen. Teilbearbei-tung: Auswirkungen auf den Tourismus. ID - 928 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Fleischhacker, V. (Institut für touristische Raumplanung) PB - Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 1995 und 1997 ST - Gewinner und Verlierer des Sommertourismus in Österreich 1992 bis 1994 bzw. 1994 bis 1996. Eine Ana-lyse der regionalen und lokalen Angebots- und Nachfragefaktoren sowie Erfassung der Er-folgsfaktoren TI - Gewinner und Verlierer des Sommertourismus in Österreich 1992 bis 1994 bzw. 1994 bis 1996. Eine Ana-lyse der regionalen und lokalen Angebots- und Nachfragefaktoren sowie Erfassung der Er-folgsfaktoren ID - 929 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Fleischhacker, V. (Institut für touristische Raumplanung) PB - Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2001 ST - Kongresstourismus in Ös-terreich 2000/01. Angebot – Nachfrage – Effekte - Konkurrenzsituation. TI - Kongresstourismus in Ös-terreich 2000/01. Angebot – Nachfrage – Effekte - Konkurrenzsituation. ID - 930 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Fleischhacker, V. (Institut für touristische Raumplanung) PB - Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2001 ST - Nationalparks und Touris-mus in Österreich. Stellung, Struktur und Tendenzen der Tourismuswirtschaft sowie Per-spektiven der Tourismusnutzung in den Nationalparkregionen TI - Nationalparks und Touris-mus in Österreich. Stellung, Struktur und Tendenzen der Tourismuswirtschaft sowie Per-spektiven der Tourismusnutzung in den Nationalparkregionen ID - 931 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Fleischhacker, V. (Institut für touristische Raumplanung) PB - Bundesministerium für Land und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft PY - 2004 ST - Schutzgebietstourismus in Österreich. Ausgangssituation, Tendenzen, Effekte TI - Schutzgebietstourismus in Österreich. Ausgangssituation, Tendenzen, Effekte ID - 932 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - ITR-Arbeitspapier AU - Fleischhacker, V. (Institut für touristische Raumplanung) PY - 2006 ST - Segmentspezifische Be-stimmungsfaktoren der Tourismusnachfrage TI - Segmentspezifische Be-stimmungsfaktoren der Tourismusnachfrage ID - 933 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Universität für Bodenkultur, Department für Wasser – Atmosphäre – Umwelt, Institut für Meteorologie AU - Fleischhacker, V. AU - Formayer, H. CY - Tulln an der Donau - Wien PY - 2007 ST - StartClim2006.D1 Die Sensitivität des Sommertourismus in Österreich auf den Klimawandel T2 - StartClim2006 TI - StartClim2006.D1 Die Sensitivität des Sommertourismus in Österreich auf den Klimawandel UR - http://www.austroclim.at/startclim/ ID - 934 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fleissner, Peter LA - deu PB - Wien [u.a.] : Springer PY - 1993 SN - 3-211-82435-9 0-387-82435-9 ST - Input-Output-Analyse : eine Einführung in Theorie und Anwendungen T2 - Springers Kurzlehrbücher der Wirtschaftswissenschaften TI - Input-Output-Analyse : eine Einführung in Theorie und Anwendungen ID - 3479 ER - TY - GEN AU - Fliri, F. CY - Innsbruck PB - Universitätsverlag Wagner PY - 1991 ST - Der Schnee in Nord- und Osttirol TI - Der Schnee in Nord- und Osttirol ID - 935 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fliri, F. LB - fliri98 N1 - Umfassende Dokumentation der Naturereignisse für Tirol, Oberpinzgau, Vorarlberg und Trentino. PB - Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck PY - 1998 ST - Naturchronik Von Tirol TI - Naturchronik Von Tirol ID - 936 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Flohn, Hermann CY - Darmstadt LB - floh88a PB - Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft PY - 1988 SP - 228 ST - Das Problem der Klimaänderungen in Vergangenheit und Zukunft T2 - WB-Forum, Nr. 8 TI - Das Problem der Klimaänderungen in Vergangenheit und Zukunft ID - 937 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Flügel, H. W. AU - Neubauer, F. CY - Wien PB - Geologische Bundesanstalt PY - 1984 ST - Geologie der österreichischen Bundesländer in kurzgefassten Einzeldarstellungen, Steiermark TI - Geologie der österreichischen Bundesländer in kurzgefassten Einzeldarstellungen, Steiermark ID - 938 ER - TY - WEB AU - FNR (FACHAGENTUR NACHWACHSENDE ROHSTOFFE e.V.) M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - o. J. ST - Die Durchwachsene Silphie (Silphium perfoliatum L.) aus der Gattung Silphium aus der Familie der Asteraceae (Korbblütler) TI - Die Durchwachsene Silphie (Silphium perfoliatum L.) aus der Gattung Silphium aus der Familie der Asteraceae (Korbblütler) UR - http://www.energiepflanzen.info ID - 939 ER - TY - WEB AU - FNR (FACHAGENTUR NACHWACHSENDE ROHSTOFFE e.V.) M1 - 18.05.2009 PY - o. J. ST - Miscanthus TI - Miscanthus UR - http://www.energiepflanzen.info/Miscanthus ID - 940 ER - TY - WEB AU - FNR (FACHAGENTUR NACHWACHSENDE ROHSTOFFE e.V.) M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - o. J. ST - Topinambur (Helianthus tuberosus L.) aus der Gattung Sonnenblumen (Helianthus) aus der Familie Asteraceae TI - Topinambur (Helianthus tuberosus L.) aus der Gattung Sonnenblumen (Helianthus) aus der Familie Asteraceae UR - http://www.energiepflanzen.info ID - 941 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Foley, J. C. LB - foley1957 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1957 SP - 281 ST - Droughts in Australia: Review of Records from Earliest Years of Settlement to 1955 T2 - Australian Bureau of Meteorology, Bull. TI - Droughts in Australia: Review of Records from Earliest Years of Settlement to 1955 VL - 43 ID - 942 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forcella F, Wilson R. G. AU - J., Dekker AU - J., Kremer R. AU - J., Cardina AU - L., Anderson R. AU - D., Alm AU - A., Renner K. AU - G., Harvey R. AU - S., Clay AU - D., Buhler D. PY - 1997 SP - 67-76 ST - Weed seed bank emergence across the Corn Belt. Weed Science, 45(1): 67-76. T2 - Weed Science TI - Weed seed bank emergence across the Corn Belt VL - 45(1) ID - 943 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forcella F, Wilson RG, Dekker J, Kremer RJ, Cardina J, Anderson RL, Alm D, Renner KA, Harvey RG, Clay S, Buhler DD PY - 1997 ST - Weed seed bank emergence across the Corn Belt. Weed Science, 45(1): 67-76. TI -: Weed seed bank emergence across the Corn Belt. Weed Science, 45(1): 67-76 ID - 944 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forchhammer, M. C. LB - forc01 PY - 2001 SP - 219-236 ST - Terrestrial ecological responses to climate change in the Northern Hemisphere T2 - Jørgensen, A. M. K., Fenger, J. and Halsnæs, K. (eds). Climate change research - Danish contributions. GAD, Copenhagen TI - Terrestrial ecological responses to climate change in the Northern Hemisphere ID - 945 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forchhammer, M. C. AU - E AU - Post AU - Stenseth, N. Chr LB - forc98 PY - 1998 SP - 30 ST - Breeding phenology and climate T2 - Nature TI - Breeding phenology and climate VL - 39 ID - 946 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forchhammer, M. C. AU - Post AU - E AU - Stenseth AU - C, N. LB - forc02 PY - 2002 SP - 1002-1014 ST - North Atlantic Oscillation timing of long- and short-distance migration T2 - J. Anim. Ecol. TI - North Atlantic Oscillation timing of long- and short-distance migration VL - 71 ID - 947 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forchhammer, M. C. AU - Post AU - E. AU - Stenseth AU - C., N. LB - forc02 PY - 2002 SP - 1002-1014 ST - North Atlantic Oscillation timing of long- and short-distance migration T2 - J. Anim. Ecol. TI - North Atlantic Oscillation timing of long- and short-distance migration VL - 71 ID - 948 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forchhammer, M.C. AU - E. AU - Post AU - Stenseth, N.Chr. LB - forc98 PY - 1998 SP - 30 ST - Breeding phenology and climate T2 - Nature TI - Breeding phenology and climate VL - 39 ID - 949 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Rauchschutz, Fachverband Tageslicht und AU - (Hg.), Fördergemeinschaft Gutes Licht ST - Tageslicht und künstliche Beleuchtung T2 - licht.forum 53 TI - Tageslicht und künstliche Beleuchtung ID - 950 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fordham, Maureen H. PY - 1998 SP - 126-143 ST - Making women visible in disasters: problematising the private domain T2 - Disasters TI - Making women visible in disasters: problematising the private domain VL - 22 ID - 3627 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forister, M. L. AU - A.M, Shapiro LB - fori03 PY - 2003 SP - 1130-1135 ST - Climatic trends and advancing spring flight of butterflies in lowland California T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Climatic trends and advancing spring flight of butterflies in lowland California VL - 9 ID - 951 ER - TY - GEN AU - H., Formayer AU - L., Clementschitsch AU - M., Hofstätter AU - H., Kromp-Kolb PY - 2008 ST - Vor Sicht Klima! Klimawandel in Österreich, regional betrachtet. Schwerpunkt Tirol und der alpine Raum TI - Vor Sicht Klima! Klimawandel in Österreich, regional betrachtet. Schwerpunkt Tirol und der alpine Raum ID - 952 ER - TY - RPRT AU - H., Formayer AU - J., Eitzinger AU - H., Nefzger AU - S., Simic AU - H., Kromp-Kolb CY - Wien PB - Institut für Meteorologie und Physik, Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2001 ST - Auswirkungen einer Klimaveränderung in Österreich: Was aus bisherigen Untersuchungen ableitbar ist, Wien, Institut für Meteorologie und Physik, Universität für Bodenkultur. TI - Auswirkungen einer Klimaveränderung in Österreich: Was aus bisherigen Untersuchungen ableitbar ist ID - 953 ER - TY - RPRT AU - H., Formayer AU - P., Haas CY - Wien PY - 2010 ST - Klimaszenarien T2 - Endbericht „KlimAdapt“ – Ableitung von prioritären Maßnahmen zur Adaption des Energiesystems an den Klimawandel TI - Klimaszenarien ID - 954 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Formayer, H, Haas, P., Matulla, C., Frank, A. und Seibert, P. PY - 2005 ST - Untersuchungen regionaler Klimaänderungsszenarien hinsichtlich Hitze- und Trockenperioden in Österreich TI - Untersuchungen regionaler Klimaänderungsszenarien hinsichtlich Hitze- und Trockenperioden in Österreich ID - 955 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Stratege, Endbericht von AU - Formayer, H., Hofstätter, M. und Haas, P. PY - 2007 ST - Untersuchung der Schneesicherheit und der potentiellen Beschneiungszeiten in Schladming und Ramsau TI - Untersuchung der Schneesicherheit und der potentiellen Beschneiungszeiten in Schladming und Ramsau ID - 956 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Formayer, H., S. Eitzinger, H. Nefzger, S. Simic, and H. Kromp-Kolb PY - 2001 ST - Auswirkungen einer Klimaveränderung in Österreich: Was aus bisherigen Untersuchungen ableitbar ist, Wien, Institut für Meteorologie und Physik, Universität für Bodenkultur. TI - Auswirkungen einer Klimaveränderung in Österreich: Was aus bisherigen Untersuchungen ableitbar ist, Wien, Institut für Meteorologie und Physik, Universität für Bodenkultur ID - 957 ER - TY - GEN AU - FORMAYER, H. AU - CLEMENTSCHITSCH, L. AU - KROMP-KOLB, H. PB - Global 2000Umweltforschungsinstitut PY - 2008 ST - Regionale Klimaänderung in Österreich TI - Regionale Klimaänderung in Österreich UR - http://www.global2000.at./files/klimawandel_oesterreich.pdf ID - 958 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Wien, Institut für Meteorologie der Universität für Bodenkultur AU - Formayer, H. AU - Clementschitsch, L. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. PB - Umweltforschungsinstitut Global 2000 PY - 2008 ST - Regionale Klimaänderung in Österreich. Auswirkungen auf die Bereiche Energieerzeugung, Infrastruktur, Land- und Forstwirtschaft. TI - Regionale Klimaänderung in Österreich. Auswirkungen auf die Bereiche Energieerzeugung, Infrastruktur, Land- und Forstwirtschaft. ID - 959 ER - TY - GEN AU - Formayer, H. AU - Eitzinger, S. AU - Nefzger, H. AU - Simic, S. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. LB - formayer2001 PY - 2001 ST - Studie: Auswirkungen Einer Klimaveränderung in Österreich: Was Aus Bisherigen Untersuchungen Ableitbar Ist TI - Studie: Auswirkungen Einer Klimaveränderung in Österreich: Was Aus Bisherigen Untersuchungen Ableitbar Ist ID - 960 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Formayer, H. AU - al., Haas P. & CY - Wien PB - BMLFUW, BMWF, BMWFJ PY - 2004 SP - 30 ST - Untersuchung regionaler Klimaänderungsszenarien hinsichtlich Hitze- und Trockenperioden in Österreich T2 - Endbericht von StartClim2004.B in StartClim2004: Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Österreich TI - Untersuchung regionaler Klimaänderungsszenarien hinsichtlich Hitze- und Trockenperioden in Österreich ID - 961 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Prettenthaler, F. Formayer H. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Haas, P. PB - Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien PY - 2011 SN - ISBN 978-3-7001-7151-5 ST - Einfluss von Luftmasseneigenschaften auf die Schneefallgrenze in Österreich T2 - Tourismus im Klimawandel: Zur regionalwirtschaftlichen Bedeutung des Klimawandels für die österreichischen Tourismusgemeinden 6 TI - Einfluss von Luftmasseneigenschaften auf die Schneefallgrenze in Österreich ID - 3580 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Formayer, H. AU - Haas, P. AU - Hofstädter, M. PY - 2007 ST - Beobachtete Veränderungen der Hitzeperioden in Oberösterreich und Abschätzung der möglichen zukünftigen Entwicklungen T2 - Forschungsreihe: Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Oberösterreich TI - Beobachtete Veränderungen der Hitzeperioden in Oberösterreich und Abschätzung der möglichen zukünftigen Entwicklungen VL - 1 ID - 962 ER - TY - GEN AU - Formayer, H. AU - Haas, P. AU - Hofstätter, M. AU - Radanovics, S. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. PB - Wiener Umweltschutzabteilung - MA 22 der Stadt Wien gemeinsam mit der MA 27 - EU-Strategie und Wirtschaftsentwick-lung PY - 2007 ST - Räumlich und zeitlich hochaufgelöste Temperaturszenarien für Wien und ausgewählte Analysen bezüglich Adaptionsstrategien TI - Räumlich und zeitlich hochaufgelöste Temperaturszenarien für Wien und ausgewählte Analysen bezüglich Adaptionsstrategien ID - 963 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Formayer, H. AU - Haas, P. AU - Hofstätter, M. AU - Radanovics, S. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. PY - 2007 ST - Räumlich und zeitlich hochaufgelöste Temperaturszenarien für Wien und ausgewählte Analysen bezüglich Adaptionsstrategien. I.A. der Wiener Umweltschutzabteilung - MA22 der Stadt Wien gemeinsam mit der MA27 - EU Strategie und Wirtschaftsentwicklung TI - Räumlich und zeitlich hochaufgelöste Temperaturszenarien für Wien und ausgewählte Analysen bezüglich Adaptionsstrategien. I.A. der Wiener Umweltschutzabteilung - MA22 der Stadt Wien gemeinsam mit der MA27 - EU Strategie und Wirtschaftsentwicklung ID - 964 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Formayer, H. AU - Matulla, C. AU - Haas, P. AU - Groll, N. PY - 2003 ST - Statistische Downscalingverfahren zur Ableitung von Extremereignissen in Österreich TI - Statistische Downscalingverfahren zur Ableitung von Extremereignissen in Österreich UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 965 ER - TY - GEN AU - Formayer, H. AU - Nefzger, H. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. LB - form98 PY - 1998 ST - Auswirkungen möglicher Klimaänderungen im Alpenraum TI - Auswirkungen möglicher Klimaänderungen im Alpenraum ID - 966 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Formayer, H. AU - Seibert, P. AU - Frank, A. AU - Matulla, C. AU - Haas, P. PY - 2005 ST - Untersuchung regionaler Klimaänderungsszenarien hinsichtlich Hitze- und Trockenperioden in Österreich TI - Untersuchung regionaler Klimaänderungsszenarien hinsichtlich Hitze- und Trockenperioden in Österreich UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2004 ID - 967 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Formayer, Herbert AU - Groll, Nikolaus LB - form2003a N1 - in preperation PY - 2003 ST - Using the Analog Method to downscale daily temperature and and precipitation fields in Austria TI - Using the Analog Method to downscale daily temperature and and precipitation fields in Austria ID - 968 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Forster, P.M.F. PY - 1995 SP - 2412-2425 ST - Modelling ultraviolet radiation at the earth's surface. Part I: The sensitivity of ultraviolet irradiances to atmospheric changes T2 - Journal of Applied Meteorology TI - Modelling ultraviolet radiation at the earth's surface. Part I: The sensitivity of ultraviolet irradiances to atmospheric changes VL - 34 ID - 969 ER - TY - WEB AU - FORSTLICHE VERSUCHS- UND FORSCHUNGSANSTALT BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG AU - MINISTERIUM FÜR ERNÄHRUNG UND LÄNDLICHEN RAUM BADEN M1 - 27.11.2008 PY - 2008 ST - Anlage und Bewirtschaftung von Kurzumtriebsflächen in Baden-Württemberg TI - Anlage und Bewirtschaftung von Kurzumtriebsflächen in Baden-Württemberg UR - http://www.mlr.baden-wuerttemberg.de/mlr/bro/Kurzumtriebsflaechen.pdf ID - 970 ER - TY - BOOK AU - W., Forstner AU - E, Hübl CY - Wien PB - Notring Verlag PY - 1971 SP - 148 pp ST - Ruderal-, Segetal- und Adventivflora von Wien. Notring Verlag, Wien. TI - Ruderal-, Segetal- und Adventivflora von Wien ID - 971 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fortak, H. LB - fortak1971 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Deutsche Buch--Gemeinschaft PY - 1971 ST - Meteorologie TI - Meteorologie ID - 972 ER - TY - GEN AU - Forum, World Bank Finance LB - worldbankff2002 PB - Juni 2003 http://www.worldbank.org/wbi/banking/finsecpolicy/financeforum2002/ PY - 2002 ST - Aligning Financial Sector Knowledge and Operations TI - Aligning Financial Sector Knowledge and Operations ID - 973 ER - TY - THES AU - FÖßLEITNER, F. CY - Wien PY - 1999 ST - Situation und Lösungsansätze der herbologischen Probleme durch Ampfer (Rumex obtusifolius L.) im biologisch bewirtschafteten Grünland am Beispiel der Gemeinde Weyer-Land und Gaflenz (Bezirk Steyer-Land/O.Ö.) T2 - Diplomarbeit am Institut für ökologischen Landbau der Universität für Bodenkultur TI - Situation und Lösungsansätze der herbologischen Probleme durch Ampfer (Rumex obtusifolius L.) im biologisch bewirtschafteten Grünland am Beispiel der Gemeinde Weyer-Land und Gaflenz (Bezirk Steyer-Land/O.Ö.) ID - 974 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: In July 2006, a lasting and severe heat wave occurred in Western Europe. Since the 2003 heat wave, several preventive measures and an alert system aiming at reducing the risks related to high temperatures have been set up in France by the health authorities and institutions. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of those measures, the observed excess mortality during the 2006 heat wave was compared to the expected excess mortality. METHODS: A Poisson regression model relating the daily fluctuations in summer temperature and mortality in France from 1975 to 2003 was used to estimate the daily expected number of deaths over the period 2004-2006 as a function of the observed temperatures. RESULTS: During the 2006 heat wave (from 11 to 28 July), about 2065 excess deaths occurred in France. Considering the observed temperatures and with the hypothesis that heat-related mortality had not changed since 2003, 6452 excess deaths were predicted for the period. The observed mortality during the 2006 heat wave was thus markedly less than the expected mortality (approximately 4400 less deaths). CONCLUSIONS: The excess mortality during the 2006 heat wave, which was markedly lower than that predicted by the model, may be interpreted as a decrease in the population's vulnerability to heat, together with, since 2003, increased awareness of the risk related to extreme temperatures, preventive measures and the set-up of the warning system. AD - INSERM, U754, IFR69, Université Paris Sud 11, Epidémiologie Environnementale des Cancers, Villejuif, France. AU - Fouillet, A. AU - Rey, G. AU - Wagner, V. AU - Laaidi, K. AU - Empereur-Bissonnet, P. AU - Le Tertre, A. AU - Frayssinet, P. AU - Bessemoulin, P. AU - Laurent, F. AU - De Crouy-Chanel, P. AU - Jougla, E. AU - Hemon, D. IS - 2 KW - Aged Female France Heat Stress Disorders Humans Infrared Rays Male Middle Aged Models, Biological Models, Statistical Mortality Seasons Temperature N1 - Journal Article,Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PY - 2008 SP - 309-17 ST - Has the impact of heat waves on mortality changed in France since the European heat wave of summer 2003? A study of the 2006 heat wave T2 - International journal of epidemiology TI - Has the impact of heat waves on mortality changed in France since the European heat wave of summer 2003? A study of the 2006 heat wave UR - http://ukpmc.ac.uk/abstract/MED/18194962 VL - 37 ID - 975 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Fraedrich, K. AU - Schönwiese, C. D. LB - fraedrich2002 PB - Springer-Verlag PY - 2002 SP - 105-139 ST - The Science of Disasters: Climate Disruptions, Heart Attacks, and Market Crashes TI - The Science of Disasters: Climate Disruptions, Heart Attacks, and Market Crashes ID - 976 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Fraedrich, K. AU - Schönwiese, C.-D. LB - fraedrich2002 PB - Springer-Verlag PY - 2002 SP - 105-139 ST - The Science of Disasters: Climate Disruptions, Heart Attacks, and Market Crashes TI - The Science of Disasters: Climate Disruptions, Heart Attacks, and Market Crashes ID - 977 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FRANCK, P. PY - 1935 SP - 51-55 ST - Zur Verbreitung der Gastroidea viridula Deg. in Deutschland in älterer und neuerer Zeit T2 - Ent. Blätt. TI - Zur Verbreitung der Gastroidea viridula Deg. in Deutschland in älterer und neuerer Zeit VL - 31 ID - 978 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Frank, A. AU - Seibert, P. PY - 2003 ST - Diagnose von Extremereignissen aus großräumigen meteorologischen Feldern TI - Diagnose von Extremereignissen aus großräumigen meteorologischen Feldern UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 979 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Frank, Andreas AU - Formayer, Herbert AU - Seibert, Petra AU - Krüger, Bernd C. AU - Kromp-Kolb, Helga PY - 2003-2004 ST - reclip:more - Projektjahr 1 Projektteil BOKU-Met Validierung – Sensitivitätstests T2 - Arbeitsbericht für den Zeitraum 1.11.2003 – 30.6.2004 TI - reclip:more - Projektjahr 1 Projektteil BOKU-Met Validierung – Sensitivitätstests ID - 980 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frank, G. PY - 2009 SP - 23 - 32 ST - Naturwaldreservate in Österreich – von persönlichen Initiativen zu einem systematischen Programm TI - Naturwaldreservate in Österreich – von persönlichen Initiativen zu einem systematischen Programm VL - 46 ID - 981 ER - TY - GEN AU - Frank, G. PB - Bundesforschungs- und Ausbildungszentrum für Wald, Naturgefahren und Landschaft PY - 2010 ST - Naturwaldreservate in Österreich TI - Naturwaldreservate in Österreich ID - 982 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frank, G. AU - Müller, F. PY - 2003 SP - 261 - 269 ST - Voluntary approaches in protection of forests in Austria T2 - Environmental Science & Policy TI - Voluntary approaches in protection of forests in Austria VL - 6 ID - 983 ER - TY - JOUR AB - 1 The dispersal of Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) was studied using a mark–release–recapture approach in a grid of traps equipped with pheromone lures of release rates of about 8.4 mg/day of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (MB) and 0.29 mg/day of (S)-cis-verbenol (cV) in experiment 1, and 1.2 mg/day of MB and 0.04 mg/day of cV in experiment 2. 2 We investigated whether beetle dispersal reflected the simple diffusion pattern observed in previous I. typographus experiments, for which attractant release rates generally approached 50 mg/day of MB and 1 mg/day of cV. We also examined how environmental parameters (wind) and human activities (felling) could influence the beetles' flight. 3 The recapture percentage was higher in experiment 1 than in experiment 2: respectively, 7.0% (with 64 traps) and 2.3% (with 100 traps) of the beetles that took off were caught in the traps. 4 With the higher release rate (experiment 1), trap catches decreased with increased distance, whereas with the lower release rate (experiment 2), trap catches rose between 50 and 100 m then decreased with increasing distance. 5 Flight was little orientated by prevailing wind directions, a feature probably explained by the low wind speeds (0–1.2 m/s) observed throughout the study. 6 High trap catches of unmarked beetles close to areas undergoing thinning activities suggest that the presence of freshly cut spruce and larch material could have an influence on dispersal, attracting the beetles into the felling area. Spatial analyses show that capture patterns were autocorrelated up to distances of about 250 m. AU - Franklin, Anne J. AU - Debruyne, Catherine AU - Grégoire, Jean-Claude DO - 10.1046/j.1461-9563.2000.00075.x IS - 4 KW - Dispersal environmental influences host attraction Ips typographus release–recapture Scolytidae PY - 2000 SN - 1461-9563 SP - 259-270 ST - Recapture of Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) with attractants of low release rates: localized dispersion and environmental influences T2 - Agricultural and Forest Entomology TI - Recapture of Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) with attractants of low release rates: localized dispersion and environmental influences UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-9563.2000.00075.x VL - 2 ID - 984 ER - TY - GEN AU - Franz LB - fran61 PY - 1961 ST - Die Nordostalpen im Spielgel ihrer Landtierwelt, p.54 TI - Die Nordostalpen im Spielgel ihrer Landtierwelt, p.54 ID - 985 ER - TY - BOOK AB - Der vorliegende sechste Band der Schriftenreihe "Studien zum Klimawandel in Österreich" widmet sich der Verletzbarkeit des Tourismus hinsichtlich Wetter- und Klimaänderungen. Der Tourismus bildet einen wesentlichen Bestandteil der österreichischen Wirtschaft, insbesondere der Wintertourismus gewinnt dabei nach wie vor an Bedeutung. Die Verletzbarkeit, die sich aus dieser ausgeprägten wirtschaftlichen Abhängigkeit mancher Regionen vom Tourismus ergibt, wird durch wetterbedingte und klimatische Einflüsse zunehmend verstärkt. Kurzfristige Wetterschwankungen und Klimaänderungen sowie deren Einfluss auf den Tourismus stehen daher im Fokus dieser grundlegenden Forschungsarbeit für alle Gemeinden Österreichs. Mit Hilfe der Analyse von Klimaänderungsszenarien sowie der wetter- und klimabedingten Vulnerabilität der regionalen Wirtschaft wird dieser Zusammenhang erstmals systematisch und flächendeckend thematisiert. AU - FORMAYER, Franz PRETTENTHALER - Herbert CY - Wien KW - soceco N1 - (Hg.) PY - 2012 ST - Tourismus im Klimawandel T2 - Tourismus im Klimawandel TI - Tourismus im Klimawandel UR - http://hw.oeaw.ac.at/7151-5 Y2 - 20.2.2014 ID - 3502 ER - TY - GEN AU - Franz LB - fran61 PY - 1961 ST - Die Nordostalpen im Spielgel ihrer Landtierwelt, p.54 TI - Die Nordostalpen im Spielgel ihrer Landtierwelt, p.54 ID - 986 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Franz, W. R. IS - 94 LB - fran84 PY - 1984 SP - 397-412 ST - Gottesanbeterin, Mantis religiosa (L, und Fanghaft, Mantispa styriaca (Poda), zwei thermophile Elemente der Kärntner Fauna. T2 - Carinthia II TI - Gottesanbeterin, Mantis religiosa (L, und Fanghaft, Mantispa styriaca (Poda), zwei thermophile Elemente der Kärntner Fauna VL - 174 ID - 987 ER - TY - RPRT AU - O., Fränzle ST - Die Generierung interdisziplinären Wissens in der deutschen Umweltforschung T2 - Arbeitsbericht TI - Die Generierung interdisziplinären Wissens in der deutschen Umweltforschung UR - http://www.psychologie.uni-freiburg.de/umwelt-spp/proj/proj-31.html VL - Berichtszeitraum 3/96 – 2/97 ID - 988 ER - TY - RPRT AU - O., Fränzle ST - Die Generierung interdisziplinären Wissens in der deutschen Umweltforschung – Anspruch und Wirklichkeit TI - Die Generierung interdisziplinären Wissens in der deutschen Umweltforschung – Anspruch und Wirklichkeit UR - http://www.psychologie.uni-freiburg.de/umwelt-spp/proj/proj-31.html VL - Berichtszeitraum 3/95 – 3/96 ID - 989 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frauenfelder, R. AU - Haeberli, W. AU - Hoelzle, M. AU - Maisch, M. IS - 4 PY - 2001 SP - 195-202 ST - Using relict rockglaciers in GIS-based modelling to reconstruct younger dryas permafrost distribution patterns in the Err-Julier area, Swiss Alps T2 - Norwegian Journal of Geography TI - Using relict rockglaciers in GIS-based modelling to reconstruct younger dryas permafrost distribution patterns in the Err-Julier area, Swiss Alps VL - 55 ID - 990 ER - TY - GEN AU - (Hg.), Frauenhofer Institut für Arbeitswirtschaft und Organisation (IAO) CY - Stuttgart PY - 2003 ST - Mehr Leistung in innovativen Arbeitswelten T2 - Innovationsoffensive OFFICE 21® TI - Mehr Leistung in innovativen Arbeitswelten ID - 991 ER - TY - CONF AU - FRAUENSCHUH, E. M. AU - KROMP, B. CY - Zürich PY - 2009 SP - 456-460 ST - Einflüsse des Klimawandels auf landwirtschaftliche Schädlinge im Biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs T2 - 10. Wissenschaftstagung Ökologischer Landbau, 11.-13.2.2009 TI - Einflüsse des Klimawandels auf landwirtschaftliche Schädlinge im Biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs ID - 992 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Folmer/Tietenberg AU - Freeman, P. AU - Kunreuther, H. LB - freeman2003 PB - Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd. PY - 2003 SP - 159-189 ST - Managing Environmental Risk Through Insurance T2 - International Yearbook of Environmental and Resource Economics TI - Managing Environmental Risk Through Insurance ID - 993 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - OcCC/ProClim AU - C., Frei AU - P., Calanca Agroscope AU - C., Schär AU - H., Wanner AU - B., Schädler AU - W., Haeberli AU - C., Appenzeller AU - U., Neu AU - E., Thalmann AU - C., Ritz AU - R., Hohmann CY - Bern PY - 2007 SP - 11-25 ST - Klimaänderung und die Schweiz 2050 – Grundlagen TI - Klimaänderung und die Schweiz 2050 – Grundlagen ID - 994 ER - TY - CONF AB - The possibility of future changes in extreme events fosters specific diagnoses of global and regional climate model experiments. The rarity of extremes and the limited period of model simulations, however, impose a statistical uncertainty, which limits the chance to detect a change between simulations for present and future climate. In this study the statistical limits for detecting a change in extremes is quantified in terms of a probability of detection (power of the statistical test). This quantity is evaluated as a function of the rarity of events, the length of simulation period and the magnitude of the change. Two diagnostic methods for extremes are considered: the block maximum method (generalized extreme value distribution), and the peek over threshold method (generalized Pareto distribution). The probability of detection is calculated by means of statistical simulation using pairs of surrogate extreme event samples with a prescribed change. The results pinpoint to the strong limitation for detecting changes with currently available simulation periods. In the case of the block maximum method using extremes from 30-year model simulations, a doubling/halving of the return period can be detected with a probability of 60% for events with a 10-year return period. However this probability drops to 10% for events with a 50-year return period. The results have implications on the choice of diagnostic method and the definition of extreme event thresholds, and they point to the importance of longer simulation periods or ensemble simulations. AU - Frei, C. LB - frei2003 N1 - http://ams.confex.com/ams/pdfview.cgi?username=55407 PY - 2003 ST - Statistical Limitations for Diagnosing Changes in Extremes from Climate Model Simulations T2 - 14th Symposium on Global Change and Climate Variations TI - Statistical Limitations for Diagnosing Changes in Extremes from Climate Model Simulations ID - 995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frei, C. AU - Schär, C. PY - 1998 SP - 873-900 ST - A precipitation climatology of the Alps from high-resolution rain-gauge observations T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - A precipitation climatology of the Alps from high-resolution rain-gauge observations VL - 18 ID - 3581 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frei, C. AU - Schär, C. LB - frei1998 PY - 1998 ST - Centennial Variations of Intense Precipitation in Switzerland T2 - Institute of Geography ETH Zürich TI - Centennial Variations of Intense Precipitation in Switzerland ID - 996 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frei, C. AU - Schär, C. AU - Wanner, H. and Beniston M. LB - frei2000 PY - 2000 SP - 3 ST - Wird Das Klima Extremer? T2 - Climate-Press TI - Wird Das Klima Extremer? VL - 8 ID - 997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frei, C. AU - Schär, C. AU - Wanner, H.and Beniston, M. LB - frei2000 PY - 2000 SP - 3 ST - Wird Das Klima Extremer? T2 - Climate-Press TI - Wird Das Klima Extremer? VL - 8 ID - 998 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frei, Ch. PY - 2001 SP - 30 ff. ST - Klima im Alpenraum. Extremniederschläge im Wandel T2 - AOA Bulletin TI - Klima im Alpenraum. Extremniederschläge im Wandel VL - 280 ID - 999 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frei, Ch. AU - Christensen, J.H. AU - Déqué, M. AU - Jacob, D. AU - Jones, R.G. AU - Vidale, P.L. IS - D3 LB - frei03ab N1 - RCM-Lit PY - 2003 SP - 4124--4142 ST - Daily precipitation statistics in regional climate models: Evaluation and intercomparison for the European Alps T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - Daily precipitation statistics in regional climate models: Evaluation and intercomparison for the European Alps VL - 108 ID - 1000 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frei, Ch AU - Christensen, J. H. AU - Déqué, M. AU - Jacob, D. AU - Vidale, P. L. IS - D3 LB - frei03ab N1 - RCM-Lit PY - 2003 SP - 4124--4142 ST - Daily precipitation statistics in regional climate models: Evaluation and intercomparison for the European Alps T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - Daily precipitation statistics in regional climate models: Evaluation and intercomparison for the European Alps VL - 108 ID - 1001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frenzel, B. AU - Fischer, H. LB - fren58 PY - 1958 SP - 231-256 ST - Beobachtungen zur Phänologie eines Alpentales T2 - Arch. Met. Geoph. Biokl., B TI - Beobachtungen zur Phänologie eines Alpentales VL - 8 ID - 1002 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Freundorfer, G. PY - 2006 SP - 49 ST - Ambrosia in Österreich und angrenzenden Ländern. Ursprung, Beschreibung, Ausbreitung sowie Möglichkeiten der Bekämpfung des Neophyten Ambrosia artemisiifolia aus der Familie Compositae oder Asteraceae. Abschlussarbeit des Universitätslehrgangs Mediae Naturae. TI - Ambrosia in Österreich und angrenzenden Ländern. Ursprung, Beschreibung, Ausbreitung sowie Möglichkeiten der Bekämpfung des Neophyten Ambrosia artemisiifolia aus der Familie Compositae oder Asteraceae. Abschlussarbeit des Universitätslehrgangs Mediae Naturae ID - 1003 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Freundorfer, G. PY - 2006 SP - 49 pp. ST - Ambrosia in Österreich und angrenzenden Ländern. Ursprung, Beschreibung, Ausbreitung sowie Möglichkeiten der Bekämpfung des Neophyten Ambrosia artemisiifolia aus der Familie Compositae oder Asteraceae. Abschlussarbeit des Universitätslehrgangs Mediae Naturae. TI - Ambrosia in Österreich und angrenzenden Ländern. Ursprung, Beschreibung, Ausbreitung sowie Möglichkeiten der Bekämpfung des Neophyten Ambrosia artemisiifolia aus der Familie Compositae oder Asteraceae. Abschlussarbeit des Universitätslehrgangs Mediae Naturae ID - 1004 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Frey, K., Haas, J., Königshofer, K. CY - Graz PB - JOANNEUM RESEARCH PY - 1990 ST - Handbuch für Energieberater TI - Handbuch für Energieberater ID - 1005 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frey-Buness, F. AU - Heimann, D. AU - Sausen, R. LB - frey95a PY - 1995 SP - 117-131 ST - A Statistical-Dynamical Downscaling Procedure for Global Climate Simulations T2 - Theor. Appl. Climatol. TI - A Statistical-Dynamical Downscaling Procedure for Global Climate Simulations VL - 50 ID - 1006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Frich, P. AU - et al. LB - frich2002 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2002 SP - 193-212 ST - Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century VL - 19 ID - 1007 ER - TY - CONF AU - Fricke, Wolfgang LB - fricke2003 N1 - Terra Nostra 2003/6, PS PY - 2003 SP - 150-154 ST - Sind veränderte Wetterlagen die Ursache für zunehmende Starkniederschläge in Deutschland? T2 - 6. Deutsche Klimatagung, Potsdam TI - Sind veränderte Wetterlagen die Ursache für zunehmende Starkniederschläge in Deutschland? ID - 1008 ER - TY - BOOK AB - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache AN - AC06704679 AU - Friedl, Stefan KW - Buchdrucker, Käfer Entwicklung Fliegen Aktivität Niederschlag Feuchtigkeit N1 - Wien, Univ. für Bodenkultur, Dipl.-Arb., 2008 HHB Diss.,Dipl.-Arb. D-13387 PY - 2008 SP - 103 Bl. ST - Zum Einfluss von Niederschlag und Feuchtigkeit auf die Entwicklung von Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) TI - Zum Einfluss von Niederschlag und Feuchtigkeit auf die Entwicklung von Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) UR - http://zidapp.boku.ac.at/abstracts/search_abstract.php?paID=3&paLIST=0&paSID=6696 UR - http://zidapp.boku.ac.at/abstracts/download.php?property_id=107&dataset_id=6696 UR - http://permalink.obvsg.at/AC06704679 ID - 1009 ER - TY - BOOK AU - FRIEDRICH, G. AU - SCHURICHT, W. CY - Leipzig PY - 1989 ST - Seltenes Kern-, Stein- und Beerenobst TI - Seltenes Kern-, Stein- und Beerenobst ID - 1010 ER - TY - WEB AU - FRIELINGHAUS, M. AU - DEUMLICH, D. AU - FUNK, R. AU - HELMING, K. AU - ROTH, R. AU - THIERE, J. AU - VÖLKER, L. AU - WINNIGE, B. M1 - 28.04.2009 PY - 1997 ST - Merkblätter zur Bodenerosion in Brandenburg. Bericht Nr. 27 TI - Merkblätter zur Bodenerosion in Brandenburg. Bericht Nr. 27 UR - http://www.zalf.de/bfd/fr-merkb.htm ID - 1011 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fritsch, K. LB - frit50 PY - 1850 ST - Anleitung zur Ausführung von Beobachtungen über die an eine jährliche Periode gebundenen Erscheinungen im Pflanzenreich T2 - Sitzungsberichte der mathem.-naturw. Classe der k. Akademie der Wissenschaften TI - Anleitung zur Ausführung von Beobachtungen über die an eine jährliche Periode gebundenen Erscheinungen im Pflanzenreich VL - Maiheft ID - 1012 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Fritsche, U.R. CY - Freiburg PB - Ökoinstitut PY - 2004 ST - Stoffstromanalyse zur nachhaltigen energetischen Nutzung von Biomasse. TI - Stoffstromanalyse zur nachhaltigen energetischen Nutzung von Biomasse ID - 1013 ER - TY - BOOK AU - FRITZSCHE, R. AU - KEILBACH, R. CY - Jena, Stuttgart PB - Verl. Gustav Fischer PY - 1994 ST - Die Pflanzen-, Vorrats- und Materialschädlinge Mitteleuropas mit Hinweisen auf Gegenmaßnahmen TI - Die Pflanzen-, Vorrats- und Materialschädlinge Mitteleuropas mit Hinweisen auf Gegenmaßnahmen ID - 1014 ER - TY - BOOK AU - FRÖHLICH, G. CY - Leipzig PB - Edition Leipzig PY - 1974 ST - Pflanzenschutz in den Tropen TI - Pflanzenschutz in den Tropen ID - 1015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fromme, G IS - I LB - fromme:61 PY - 1961 SP - 53-68 ST - Beschreibung des Stationsgebietes in Obergurgl-Poschach T2 - Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Mariabrunn TI - Beschreibung des Stationsgebietes in Obergurgl-Poschach VL - 59 ID - 1016 ER - TY - WEB AU - FRÖSCHLE, M. PY - 2002 SP - http://www.landwirtschaftbw.info/servlet/PB/s/95nbcykvfxmj1hq5brxry86vy8jh30c/show/1047957_l1/maikaefer.pdf ST - Der Feldmaikäfer und seine Engerlinge TI - Der Feldmaikäfer und seine Engerlinge ID - 1017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - FRÖSCHLE, M. AU - ALBERT, R. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 259-264 ST - Versuche zur biologischen und mechanischen Bekämpfung schädlicher Scarabaeidenarten T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Versuche zur biologischen und mechanischen Bekämpfung schädlicher Scarabaeidenarten VL - 1 ID - 1018 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The use of total lipid phosphate as a measure of biomass was evaluated in soils with different organic matter content. Lipids were extracted with a one-phase mixture of chloroform, methanol, and a buffer, and digested with either persulfate or perchloric acid to liberate lipid-bound phosphate. This procedure was evaluated by varying the extraction buffer, the extraction and digestion times, the amount of soil extracted, and the amount of lipid material digested. An extraction period of 2 h was sufficient to yield maximum lipid phosphate. Neither sonication, vigorous mixing, no longer extraction periods increased the amount of lipid phosphate extracted. However, the amount of lipid phosphate recovered was dependent on the choice of buffer. When organic soil was used, citrate buffer in the extraction mixture gave higher amounts of lipid phosphate than acetate buffer, Tris, H2O or phosphate buffer. In a sandy loam with low organic matter content, citrate or phosphate buffers performed equally well. When 13 soils of different organic matter content were examined, the two digestion methods showed a good linear correlation (r2 = 0.991). Substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and ATP contents of the different soils correlated well with the total lipid phosphate. Based on these measurements, a conversion factor of 500 μmol lipid phosphate·g-1 biomass-C (perchloric acid digestion) was calculated. AD - Dept. of Microbial Ecology, Lund University, Helgonavagan 5, 233 62 Lund, Sweden Frostegard, A. Dept. of Microbial Ecology, Lund University, Helgonavagan 5, 233 62 Lund, Sweden AU - Frostegard, A. AU - Tunlid, A. AU - Baath, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/0167-7012(91)90018-L IS - 3 J2 - J. MICROBIOL. METHODS KW - ATP Biomass-C Extraction Lipid phosphate Soil adenosine triphosphate lipid phosphate article biomass kinetics priority journal soil LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):317 CODEN: JMIMD PY - 1991 SN - 01677012 SP - 151-163 ST - Microbial biomass measured as total lipid phosphate in soils of different organic content T2 - Journal of Microbiological Methods TI - Microbial biomass measured as total lipid phosphate in soils of different organic content UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0025889744&partnerID=40&md5=e1cd737562561a66df3a320d7f0b2845 VL - 14 ID - 3419 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) pattern was analyzed in a forest humus and in an arable soil experimentally polluted with Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, or Zn at different concentrations. In both soil types, there were gradual changes in the PLFA patterns for the different levels of metal contamination. The changes in the forest soil were similar irrespective of which metal was used, while in the arable soil the changes due to Cu contamination differed from those due to the other metals. Several PLFAs reacted similarly to the metal amendments in the two soil types, while others showed different responses. In both soils, the metal pollution resulted in a decrease in the iso-branched PLFAs i15:0 and i17:0 and in the monounsaturated 16:1ω5 and 16:1ω7c fatty acids, while increases were found for i16:0, the branched br17:0 and br18:0, and the cyclopropane cy17:0 fatty acids. In the forest soil, the methyl branched PLFAs 10Me16:0, 10Me17:0, and 10Me18:0 increased in metal-polluted soils, indicating an increase in actinomycetes, while in the arable soil a decrease was found for 10Me16:0 and 10Me18:0 in response to most metals. The bacterial PLFAs 15:0 and 17:0 increased in all metal-contaminated samples in the arable soil, while they were unaffected in the forest soil. Fatty acid 18:2ω6, which is considered to be predominantly of fungal origin, increased in the arable soil, except in the Cu-amended samples, in which it decreased instead. Effects on the PLFA patterns were found at levels of metal contamination similar to or lower than those at which effects on ATP content, soil respiration, or total amount of PLFAs had occurred. AD - Department of Microbial Ecology, Lund University, Helgonavagen 5, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden Frostegard, A. Department of Microbial Ecology, Lund University, Helgonavagen 5, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden AU - Frostegard, A. AU - Tunlid, A. AU - Baath, E. DB - Scopus IS - 11 J2 - APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL. KW - cadmium copper heavy metal lead nickel zinc Actinobacteria article biomass forest fungus lipid composition nonhuman priority journal soil soil microflora soil pollution LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):610 CODEN: AEMID PY - 1993 SN - 00992240 SP - 3605-3617 ST - Phospholipid fatty acid composition, biomass, and activity of microbial communities from two soil types experimentally exposed to different heavy metals T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology TI - Phospholipid fatty acid composition, biomass, and activity of microbial communities from two soil types experimentally exposed to different heavy metals UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0027484760&partnerID=40&md5=01ac1c9a9192a63db0cf9ef92bfa5420 VL - 59 ID - 3420 ER - TY - WEB AU - FRÜHWIRTH, P. M1 - 17.04.2009 PY - o. J. ST - Miscanthus Anbau optimieren TI - Miscanthus Anbau optimieren UR - http://www.landwirt.com/Bericht/3270-325-Artikel/Miscanthus-Anbau-optimieren.html ID - 1019 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fuentes, Ursula AU - Heimann, Dietrich LB - fuentes1996 PY - 1996 SP - 151-168 ST - Verification of statistical-dynamical downscaling in the Alpine region T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Verification of statistical-dynamical downscaling in the Alpine region VL - 7 ID - 1020 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fuentes, Ursula AU - Heimann, Dietrich LB - fuen00a PY - 2000 SP - 119-135 ST - An Improved Statistical-Dynamical Downscaling Scheme and its Application to the Alpine Precipitation Climatology T2 - Theor. Appl. Climatol. TI - An Improved Statistical-Dynamical Downscaling Scheme and its Application to the Alpine Precipitation Climatology VL - 65 ID - 1021 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Führer , E. AU - Nopp, U. CY - Vienna KW - Waldschaden LA - Deutsch PB - Facultas, Vienna, Austria PY - 2011 SE - 514 SN - 3-85076-528-8 ST - Ursachen, Vorbeugung und Sanierung von Waldschäden TI - Ursachen, Vorbeugung und Sanierung von Waldschäden ID - 1022 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Führer, E. LB - fueh96 PY - 1996 SP - 1-15 ST - Entomologische Aspekte der Umwandlung montaner Fichtenforste in Mitteleuropa T2 - Ent. Gen. TI - Entomologische Aspekte der Umwandlung montaner Fichtenforste in Mitteleuropa VL - 2 ID - 1023 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Führer, E. AU - Chen AU - Z LB - fueh79 PY - 1979 SP - 87-91 ST - Zum Einfluß der Photoperiode und Temperatur auf die Entwicklung des Kupferstechers, Pityogenes chalcographus L T2 - (Col., Scolytidae). Forstw. Centralbl. TI - Zum Einfluß der Photoperiode und Temperatur auf die Entwicklung des Kupferstechers, Pityogenes chalcographus L VL - 2 ID - 1024 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Führer, E. AU - Chen AU - Z. LB - fueh79 PY - 1979 SP - 87-91 ST - Zum Einfluß der Photoperiode und Temperatur auf die Entwicklung des Kupferstechers, Pityogenes chalcographus L T2 - (Col., Scolytidae). Forstw. Centralbl. TI - Zum Einfluß der Photoperiode und Temperatur auf die Entwicklung des Kupferstechers, Pityogenes chalcographus L VL - 2 ID - 1025 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fuhrer, J. PY - 2003 SP - 1-20 ST - Agroecosystem responses to combinations of elevated CO2, ozone, and global climate change T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment TI - Agroecosystem responses to combinations of elevated CO2, ozone, and global climate change VL - 97 ID - 1026 ER - TY - BOOK AU - FURLAN, L. CY - Berlin, Jena NV - 128 PB - Verl. Blackwell PY - 2004 SP - 696-706 ST - The biology of Agriotes sordidus Illiger (Col., Elateridae) TI - The biology of Agriotes sordidus Illiger (Col., Elateridae) ID - 1027 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper describes several algorithms for computing the residual sums of squares for all possible regressions with what appears to be a minimum of arithmetic (less than six floating-point operations per regression) and shows how two of these algorithms can be combined to form a simple leap and bound technique for finding the best subsets without examining all possible subsets. The result is a reduction of several orders of magnitude in the number of operations required to find the best subsets. AU - Furnival, G. AU - Wilson, R. PY - 1974 SP - 499-511 ST - Regression by Leaps and Bounds T2 - Technometrics TI - Regression by Leaps and Bounds VL - 16 ID - 1028 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Fürst, J. AU - Nachtnebel, H.P. CY - Vienna: Österreichischer Kunst- und Kulturverl. KW - g.Österreich / s.Hydrologie / f.Atlas PB - Institute for Water Management, Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering - University of Natural Resources and Life Science. Projektleitung Institut für Wasserwirtschaft, Hydrologie und Konstruktiven Wasserbau, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2007 SN - 3-85437-250-7 ST - Hydrological Atlas of Austria (HAÖ) TI - Hydrological Atlas of Austria (HAÖ) ID - 1029 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Planned adaptation to climate change denotes actions undertaken to reduce the risks and capitalize on the opportunities associated with global climate change. This paper summarizes current thinking about planned adaptation. It starts with an explanation of key adaptation concepts, a description of the diversity of adaptation contexts, and a discussion of key prerequisites for effective adaptation. On the basis of this introduction, major approaches to climate impact and adaptation assessment and their evolution are reviewed. Finally, principles for adaptation assessment are derived from decision-analytical considerations and from the experience with past adaptation assessments. AU - Füssel, H.-M. DO - 10.1007/s11625-007-0032-y KW - Planned adaptation PY - 2007 SP - 265-275 ST - Adaptation planning for climate change: concepts, assessment approaches, and key lessons T2 - Sustain Science TI - Adaptation planning for climate change: concepts, assessment approaches, and key lessons VL - 2 ID - 1030 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fyfe, J. C. AU - Boer, G. J. AU - Flato, G. M. IS - 11 LB - fyfe1999a PY - 1999 SP - 1601--1604 ST - The Arctic and Antarctic Oscillations and their Projected Changes Under Global Warming. T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - The Arctic and Antarctic Oscillations and their Projected Changes Under Global Warming VL - 26 ID - 1031 ER - TY - BOOK AU - G., Hegi ET - 2. Auflage PB - Paul Parey Verlag, Hamburg PY - 1979 ST - Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa TI - Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa VL - Bd. VI/3: Compositae ID - 1032 ER - TY - JOUR AU - G., Hetzel PY - 2006 SP - 160 pp. ST - Die Neophyten Oberfrankens. Floristik, Standortcharakteristik, Vergesellschaftung, Verbreitung, Dynamik. Diss. Univ. Würzburg. TI - Die Neophyten Oberfrankens. Floristik, Standortcharakteristik, Vergesellschaftung, Verbreitung, Dynamik. Diss. Univ. Würzburg ID - 1033 ER - TY - JOUR AB - FORMATION of the mor type of forest litter, characterized by slow decomposition, has been attributed to a number of factors1 - 3, but the effect of mycorrhizal fungi, though postulated4,5, has not been studied experimentally. We have conducted an experiment in which root activity and thus mycorrhizal activity were reduced in small areas of an unthinned Pinus radiata stand. The following treatments (three replicates in a randomized block design) were applied to 1 times; 1 m plots sited between the trees. © 1971 Nature Publishing Group. AD - Forest Research Institute, Private Bag, Rotorua, New Zealand Gadgil, R.L. Forest Research Institute, Private Bag, Rotorua, New Zealand AU - Gadgil, R. L. AU - Gadgil, P. D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1038/233133a0 IS - 5315 LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):39 PY - 1971 SN - 00280836 SP - 133 ST - Mycorrhiza and litter decomposition T2 - Nature TI - Mycorrhiza and litter decomposition UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33845200283&partnerID=40&md5=6cd17166957516a7786fbd2f6a49d67c VL - 233 ID - 3421 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gadgil, RL AU - Gadgil, PD PY - 1975 SP - 33-41 ST - Supression of litter decomposition by mycorrhizal roots of Pinus radiata T2 - New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science TI - Supression of litter decomposition by mycorrhizal roots of Pinus radiata VL - 5 ID - 3422 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GALLAUN, H., P. SACKL, C. PRASCHK, M. SCHARDT, P. TRINKAUS PY - 2006 SP - 167p. ST - IPAM-Toolbox. Großflächige Inventur eines Alpinen Natura 2000 Gebietes mittels Fernerkundung in den Niederen Tauern / Steiermark. Im Auftrag der Steiermärkischen Landesregierung, Graz TI - IPAM-Toolbox. Großflächige Inventur eines Alpinen Natura 2000 Gebietes mittels Fernerkundung in den Niederen Tauern / Steiermark. Im Auftrag der Steiermärkischen Landesregierung, Graz ID - 1034 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Gallaun, H. AU - P., Sackl AU - C., Praschk AU - M., Schardt AU - P., Trinkaus CY - Graz PB - Im Auftrag der Steiermärkischen Landesregierung PY - 2006 SP - 167 ST - IPAM-Toolbox. Großflächige Inventur eines Alpinen Natura 2000 Gebietes mittels Fernerkundung in den Niederen Tauern / Steiermark. Im Auftrag der Steiermärkischen Landesregierung, Graz TI - IPAM-Toolbox. Großflächige Inventur eines Alpinen Natura 2000 Gebietes mittels Fernerkundung in den Niederen Tauern / Steiermark. ID - 1035 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Galli-Valerio, B. PY - 1911 SP - 358 ST - Note relative à Phlebotomus papatasei trouvé à Sondrio. Notes de Parasitologie et de technique parasitologique T2 - Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie TI - Note relative à Phlebotomus papatasei trouvé à Sondrio. Notes de Parasitologie et de technique parasitologique VL - 40 ID - 1036 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Galli-Valerio, B. PY - 1912 SP - 222 ST - Beobachtungen über Culiciden und Mitteilung über das Vorkommen von Phlebotomus papatasi (Scop.) im Kanton Waadt T2 - Zentralb Bakteriol TI - Beobachtungen über Culiciden und Mitteilung über das Vorkommen von Phlebotomus papatasi (Scop.) im Kanton Waadt VL - 43 ID - 1037 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Galloway, James N. AU - Aber, John D. AU - Erisman, Jan Willem AU - Seitzinger, Sybil P. AU - Howarth, Robert W. AU - Cowling, Ellis B. AU - Cosby, B. Jack DA - 2011/11/11 DO - doi 10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0341:TNC]2.0.CO;2 10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0341:TNC]2.0.CO;2 IS - 4 N1 - doi: 10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0341:TNC]2.0.CO;2 PY - 2003 SN - 0006-3568 SP - 341-356 ST - The Nitrogen Cascade T2 - BioScience TI - The Nitrogen Cascade UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0341:TNC]2.0.CO VL - 53 ID - 1038 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Gälzer, R. CY - Stuttgart (Hohenheim) PB - Ulmer (Eugen) Verlag PY - 2001 SE - 408 SN - 9783800131860 3800131862 ST - Grünplanung für Städte. Planung, Entwurf, Bau und Erhaltung TI - Grünplanung für Städte. Planung, Entwurf, Bau und Erhaltung ID - 1039 ER - TY - GEN AU - Gamma, P. CY - Bern PB - Univ. Bern PY - 2000 SP - 144 ST - Dfwalk – Ein Murgang-Simulationsprogramm zur Gefahrenzonierung T2 - Geographica Bernensia TI - Dfwalk – Ein Murgang-Simulationsprogramm zur Gefahrenzonierung VL - 66 ID - 1040 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gandin, L. LB - gandin1988 PY - 1988 SP - 1137-1156 ST - Complex quality control of meteorological observations T2 - Monthly Weather Review TI - Complex quality control of meteorological observations VL - 116 ID - 1041 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Garbarino, Matteo AU - Lingua, Emanuele AU - Nagel, Thomas Andrew AU - Godone, Danilo AU - Motta, Renzo IS - 3 KW - Chronosequence Deglaciated foreland Larix decidua Forest structure Invasion pattern Ventina glacier N1 - doi: DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.11.016 PY - 2010 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 583-590 ST - Patterns of larch establishment following deglaciation of Ventina glacier, central Italian Alps T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Patterns of larch establishment following deglaciation of Ventina glacier, central Italian Alps UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T6X-4XY4B42-1/2/d15ea77916eea6e592b436d9a8593035 VL - 259 ID - 1042 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gardette, J. M. LB - gardette1997 PY - 1997 SP - 211-232 ST - Versicherungsschutz Für Hochwasserschäden? Vergleichende Betrachtungen Zum Deutschen und Französichen Recht T2 - Zeitschrift für die gesamte Versicherungswirtschaft TI - Versicherungsschutz Für Hochwasserschäden? Vergleichende Betrachtungen Zum Deutschen und Französichen Recht ID - 1043 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gardette, J.-M LB - gardette1997 PY - 1997 SP - 211-232 ST - Versicherungsschutz Für Hochwasserschäden? Vergleichende Betrachtungen Zum Deutschen und Französichen Recht T2 - Zeitschrift für die gesamte Versicherungswirtschaft TI - Versicherungsschutz Für Hochwasserschäden? Vergleichende Betrachtungen Zum Deutschen und Französichen Recht ID - 1044 ER - TY - RPRT AB - This paper reports on the storm damage and classification, contributing factors, current and future trends and existing responses to storms of European forests. It is emphasized that active integrated management of all risks to forests (abiotic and biotic) should become part of standard forest practice in Europe. AU - Gardiner, B. AU - Blennow, K. AU - Carnus, J.M. AU - Fleischer, P. AU - Ingemarson, F. et al. PY - 2010 SP - 138 ST - Destructive Storms in European Forests: Past and Forthcoming Impacts T2 - Final report to Eu-ropean Commission–DG Environment. EFIATLANTIC, European Forest Institute TI - Destructive Storms in European Forests: Past and Forthcoming Impacts UR - http://www.efi.int/portal/contact_us/person_index/staff/www.efi.int/portal/1465 (abgerufen am 07.03.2013) ID - 1045 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Gardiner, B. AU - Blennow, K. AU - Carnus, J. M. AU - Fleischer, P. AU - Ingemarson, F. AU - Landmann, G. AU - Lindner, M. AU - Marzano, M. AU - Nicoll, B. AU - Orazio, C. AU - Peyron, J. L. AU - Reviron, M. P. AU - Schelhaas, M. J. AU - Schuck, A. AU - Spielmann, M. AU - Usbeck, T. PB - Joensuu, Finnland, European Forest Institute PY - 2010 SE - 138 ST - Destructive storms in European forests: past and forthcoming impacts TI - Destructive storms in European forests: past and forthcoming impacts ID - 3423 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper reviews the current status of mechanistic models for wind damage risk assessment, describing model structure, applicability, validation and current limitations. We focus particularly on the hybrid mechanistic/empirical models GALES and HWIND, which have been designed for calculating wind damage risk at the stand level within uniform forests and which are the most widely adopted models within the research community. These models have been integrated with different methods for predicting the local wind climate in order to calculate the probability of wind damage in a number of different countries. We also discuss ongoing modelling work and proposals for future development in order to deal with complex forest structures and to predict the wind damage risk of individual trees within stands through the integration of mechanistic risk models with forest growth and yield models within a geographical information system framework. This kind of model integration will enable spatial representation of tree lists and damage propagation and allow managers to evaluate the effect of different harvesting and thinning scenarios on the risk of windthrow of both stands and individual trees within a stand. AU - Gardiner, Barry AU - Byrne, Ken AU - Hale, Sophie AU - Kamimura, Kana AU - Mitchell, Stephen J. AU - Peltola, Heli AU - Ruel, Jean-Claude DA - July 1, 2008 DO - 10.1093/forestry/cpn022 IS - 3 PY - 2008 SP - 447-463 ST - A review of mechanistic modelling of wind damage risk to forests T2 - Forestry TI - A review of mechanistic modelling of wind damage risk to forests UR - http://forestry.oxfordjournals.org/content/81/3/447.abstract VL - 81 ID - 1046 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In the Netherlands, between 1400 and 2200 deaths in the summer of 2003 may have been heat-related. The fact that the maximum temperatures were lower than in some other European countries, and occurred in less heavily populated areas, may have led to mortality figures that were relatively less dramatic. The temporarily increased death rates are only partly due to a forward shift of mortality. Heat-related mortality was most pronounced among the elderly in nursing homes AU - Garssen, J. AU - Harmsen, C. AU - de Beer, J. IS - 7-9 KW - dehydration, heat-related mortality, heat wave, institutionalised population, mortality, temperature, The Netherlands PY - 2005 SP - 165-167 ST - The effect of the summer 2003 heat wave on mortality in the Netherlands T2 - Eurosurveillance TI - The effect of the summer 2003 heat wave on mortality in the Netherlands UR - http://www.eurosurveillance.org/images/dynamic/EQ/v05n03/v05n03.pdf VL - 10 ID - 1047 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Chen, R. (Hrg) AU - Gärtner, H. AU - Stoffel, M. AU - Lièvre, I. AU - Conus, D. AU - Grichting, M. AU - Monbaron, M. CY - Rotterdam PB - Millpress PY - 2003 SP - 207-217 ST - Debris flow frequency derived from tree-ring analyses and geomorphic mapping, Valais, Swizerland T2 - Debris flow hazards mitigation TI - Debris flow frequency derived from tree-ring analyses and geomorphic mapping, Valais, Swizerland ID - 1048 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this study the hydrological regime of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and birch (Betula pendula) growing on heavy soils in the south east of Austria was analysed. Results from the year 2003 characterised by an extremely hot and dry summer are presented in this paper. Due to the extreme weather conditions the soil water content in August 2003 was very low (0.10-0.25 m 3 m -3) in the topsoil (0-50 cm) with no explicit difference between both tree species. Sap flow was measured in 11 trees of each of both tree species using the heat field deformation (HFD) method. Only the qualitative variability of sap flow was analysed so that data of sap flow per section (SFS) were used. The SFS of the birch trees was about three times higher than that of the spruce trees. In June 2003 the daily SFS of the birch trees averaged 0.87 kg cm -1 and of the spruce trees 0.23 kg cm -1. Due to the proceeding drought in August 2003 these values were reduced to 0.39 kg cm -1 and 0.11 kg cm -1, respectively. A comparison of daily potential evapotranspiration (PET) with daily SFS values showed that the transpiration of the trees followed the atmospheric demand in June and in the second half of July. In August 2003 the SFS depended solely on the soil water content. Birch trees began to transpire earlier in the morning and could keep their maximum SFS longer during the midday hours than the spruce trees, when sufficient soil water was available. As the drought stress proceeded, significant differences in the diurnal variations of SFS were detected for both tree species. Most of the investigated birch trees could maintain their common daily SFS dynamic whereas spruce trees showed a different pattern. One part of the spruce trees showed a midday depression of SFS, whereas the others closed their stomata during the whole day. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Forest Ecology and Soil, Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape, Seckendorff-Gudentweg 8, A-1131 Vienna, Austria Institute of Forest Botany, Mendel Agricultural and Forestry University, Zemedelska 3, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic Gartner, K. Department of Forest Ecology and Soil, Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape, Seckendorff-Gudentweg 8, A-1131 Vienna, Austria email: karl.gartner@bfw.gv.at AU - Gartner, K. AU - Nadezhdina, N. AU - Englisch, M. AU - Čermak, J. AU - Leitgeb, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.04.028 IS - 5 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Drought Potential evapotranspiration Sap flow Soil water Tree transpiration Austria Betula pendula Diurnal variation Drought stress Extreme weather Heat fields Hydrological regime Norway spruce Soil water content Spruce trees Tree species Evapotranspiration Military engineering Soil moisture Transpiration Underwater soils Water supply Water content deciduous tree diurnal variation drought evapotranspiration sap flow soil water topsoil transpiration water content Picea Picea abies Sandfly fever sicilian virus LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 14 CODEN: FECMD References: Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D., Smith, M., (1998) Crop evapotranspiration. FAO Irrig. and Drain, (56). , Paper, Rome; Bréda, N., Cochard, H., Dreyer, E., Granier, A., Water transfer in a mature oak stand (Quercus petraea): seasonal evolution and effects of a severe drought (1993) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 23, pp. 1136-1143; Bréda, N., Granier, A., Aussenac, G., Effects of thinning on soil and tree water relations, transpiration and growth in an oak forest (Quercus petrea (Matt.) Liebl.) (1995) Tree Physiology, 15, pp. 295-306; Bréda, N., Granier, A., Barataud, F., Moyne, C., Soil water dynamics in an oak stand: soil moisture, water potentials and root water uptake (1995) Plant and Soil, 172, pp. 17-27; Bréda, N., Huc, R., Granier, A., Dreyer, E., Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences (2006) Annals of Forest Science, 63, pp. 625-644; (1993) Taschenbuch der Wasserwirtschaft, , Bretschneider H., Lecher K., and Schmidt M. 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The number of components needed to reproduce a given proportion of the total variance varies, with larger values for summer than for winter and a decrease with growing k. The Fisher test is used as a global test. It combines the individual Mann-Kendall trend tests carried out on the selected PC scores. Significant trends have been found in extreme winter k-day precipitation for all the values of k and none in extreme summer precipitation. The results for the annual k-day precipitation depths are between those for the two seasons: no trend for small k because summer events dominate and a significant trend for k larger than 7 due to the winter events. Analysis of a few stations with long-term series shows no significant trend for the period 1910-1995, these series also reproduce almost the same trends as those found for the shorter 1951-1995 period. AU - Gellens, D. IS - 1/2 LB - gellens2000 PY - 2000 SP - 117-129 ST - Trend and Correlation Analysis of K-Day Extreme Precipitation over Belgium T2 - Theoretical and Applied Climatology TI - Trend and Correlation Analysis of K-Day Extreme Precipitation over Belgium VL - 66 ID - 1068 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - GEMEENTE ROTTERDAM, WATERSCHAP HOLLANDSE DELTA, HOGHEEMRAADSCHAP van SCHIELAND en de KRIMPENERWAARD, HOGHEEMRAADSCHAP van KRIMPERWAARD PY - 2007 ST - Waterplan 2 Rotterdam – Werken aan Water voor en aantrekkelijke Stad TI - Waterplan 2 Rotterdam – Werken aan Water voor en aantrekkelijke Stad UR - http://www.rotterdam.nl/waterplan_2_en_deelgemeentelijke_waterplannen (abgerufen:14.02.2013) ID - 1069 ER - TY - GEN AU - GENDERCC CY - Berlin PB - GENDERCC – Women for Climate Justice [Hrsg.] PY - 2009 ST - Gender in die Klimapolitik! TI - Gender in die Klimapolitik! UR - http://www.gendercc.net/fileadmin/inhalte/Dokumente/Tools/Toolkit_Gender_in_die_Klimapolitik.pdf ID - 3628 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Genton, B. 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PY - 2005 SP - 243-257 ST - On the cooling potential of night ventilation techniques in the urban environment T2 - Energy and Buildings TI - On the cooling potential of night ventilation techniques in the urban environment VL - 37 ID - 1082 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GERSDORF, E. PY - 1958 SP - 401-408 ST - Zum Auftreten des Maikäfers in Niedersachsen T2 - Z. angew. Ent. TI - Zum Auftreten des Maikäfers in Niedersachsen VL - 42 ID - 1083 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gerstberger, P. PY - 2001 SP - 249-256 ST - Plantago coronopus subsp. commutatus als Straßenrandhalophyt eingebürgert in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia. T2 - Tuexenia TI - Plantago coronopus subsp. commutatus als Straßenrandhalophyt eingebürgert in Mitteleuropa. VL - 21 ID - 1084 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gerstberger, P. PY - 2001 SP - 21: 249-256. ST - Plantago coronopus subsp. commutatus als Straßenrandhalophyt eingebürgert in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia. TI - Plantago coronopus subsp. commutatus als Straßenrandhalophyt eingebürgert in Mitteleuropa. Tuexenia ID - 1085 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Over large areas of Europe, coniferous monocultures are being transformed into mixed forests by the re-introduction of broadleaf tree species belonging to the potential natural vegetation. One important species of interest in this changing forest policy is European beech (Fagus sylvatica). However, at present, this forest management directive has ignored potential adverse effects of global climate change on wide-spread re-introduction of beech to these areas. Average global surface temperatures have risen by approx. 0.8°C in the period between 1861 and 2005 and are expected to continue to increase until the end of this century by 1.5–5.8°C above the 1990 value. To estimate the climate change in the southern part of central Europe in future, we reviewed calculations from regional climate models. Temperature increase for the southern part of central Europe is projected to be up to 2°C within the next 40 years. In contrast, the annual precipitation will most likely remain constant over the same time period, but will experience significant changes in seasonal patterns. Rising intensities of individual precipitation events may result in increasing number and intensities of flooding events and reduced precipitation during the growing season in a higher frequency of summer droughts. Growth and competitive ability of European beech will not, necessarily, respond to increasing CO2 concentrations but may be strongly impacted by intensive drought that occurs during the growing season. Seedlings as well as adult trees may suffer from xylem embolism, restricted nutrient uptake capacity and reduced growth under limited water availability. However, it remains uncertain to what extent other environmental factors (e.g. soil properties, competitive interactions) may modify the drought response of beech, thus either enhancing susceptibility or increasing drought tolerance and resilience potential. Water-logged soils, predicted during the spring for several regions due to higher than average precipitation, could negatively impact nutrient uptake and growth of beech. Whereas other dominant species as, e.g. oak are well adapted to that environmental stress, beech is known to be sensitive to water-logging and flooding. Thus, the competitive capacity of beech might—depending on the other environmental conditions—be reduced under the expected future climate conditions. Silvicultural practices must be aware today of the potential risks which a changing climate may impose on sustainable forest development. 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Building and Construction Research TI - Methods for Vent Sizing in the pre design stage ID - 1090 ER - TY - GEN AU - Gieska, M. AU - Ploeg, R. van der AU - Schweigert, P. AU - Pinter, N. CY - Münster PY - 2003 ST - Physikalische Bodendegradierung in der Hildesheimer Börde und das Bodenschutzgesetz T2 - Berichte über Landwirtschaft TI - Physikalische Bodendegradierung in der Hildesheimer Börde und das Bodenschutzgesetz ID - 1091 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gifford, R.M.), The CO2 fertilising effect - does it occur in the real world? New Phytologist 163 : 221–225. IS - (2) N1 - (2) PY - 2004 SP - 221–225. ST - The CO2 fertilising effect - does it occur in the real world? T2 - New Phytologist TI - The CO2 fertilising effect - does it occur in the real world? VL - 163 ID - 1092 ER - TY - BOOK AU - GILGE, H. AU - GRULISCH, H. AU - SANDLER, J. AU - SPREITZHOFER, J. AU - STADLMANN, H. CY - Wien PB - Österreichische Agrarverlag Druck- und Verlagsges.m.b.H. PY - 2006 ST - Waldwirtschaft heute TI - Waldwirtschaft heute ID - 1093 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Gill, S. AU - Handley, J. AU - Ennos, R. AU - Pauleit, S. PY - 2007 ST - Adapting cities for climate change. The role of the green infrastructure T2 - Built Environment TI - Adapting cities for climate change. The role of the green infrastructure VL - 33(1) ID - 1094 ER - TY - GEN AU - Gill, Susannah PB - Centre for Urban & Regional Ecology PY - 2004 ST - Impacts of Climate Change on Urban Environments TI - Impacts of Climate Change on Urban Environments ID - 1095 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Giorgi, F. AU - M, Beniston AU - W, Hurrell J. AU - R, Marinucci M. LB - gior97 PY - 1997 SP - 288-296 ST - Elevation Dependency of the Surface Climate Shange Signal: A Model Study T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Elevation Dependency of the Surface Climate Shange Signal: A Model Study VL - 10 ID - 1096 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Giorgi, F. AU - Marinucci, M.R. AU - Bates, G.T. PY - 1993 SP - 2794–2813 ST - Development of a second-generation re-gional climate model (RegCM2). Part I: Boundary-layer and radiative transfer pro-cesses T2 - Mon. Wea. Rev. TI - Development of a second-generation re-gional climate model (RegCM2). Part I: Boundary-layer and radiative transfer pro-cesses VL - 121 ID - 3582 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Giorgi, F. AU - Shields Brodeur, C. AU - Bates, G. T. LB - giorgi1994 PY - 1994 SP - 375-399 ST - Regional climate-change scenarios over the United-States produced with a nested regional climate model T2 - J. Climate TI - Regional climate-change scenarios over the United-States produced with a nested regional climate model VL - 7 ID - 1097 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Giorgi, Filippo DA - September LB - gior90a N1 - nestet ein LAM (MM4) in zwei GCMs (CCM1 als T42 und R15); untersucht westen von nordamerika im jänner; das genestete modell bringt ergebinsse, die näher an den beobachtungen liegen als das GCM alleine; PY - 1990 SP - 941-963 ST - Simulation of Regional Climate Using a Limited Area Model Nested in a General Circulation Model T2 - J. Climate TI - Simulation of Regional Climate Using a Limited Area Model Nested in a General Circulation Model VL - 3 ID - 1098 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Giraud, T. AU - Pedersen AU - J.S AU - Keller AU - L LB - gira02 PY - 2002 SP - 6075-6079 ST - Evolution of supercolonies: The argentine ants of southern Europe T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Evolution of supercolonies: The argentine ants of southern Europe VL - 99 ID - 1099 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Giraud, T. AU - Pedersen AU - J.S. AU - Keller AU - L. LB - gira02 PY - 2002 SP - 6075-6079 ST - Evolution of supercolonies: The argentine ants of southern Europe T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - Evolution of supercolonies: The argentine ants of southern Europe VL - 99 ID - 1100 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gittins, S. P. AU - Parker, A. G. AU - Slater, F. M. LB - gitt80 PY - 1980 SP - 161-173 ST - Population characteristics of the common toad (Bufo bufo) visiting a breeding site in Mid-Wales T2 - Journal of Animal Ecology TI - Population characteristics of the common toad (Bufo bufo) visiting a breeding site in Mid-Wales VL - 49 ID - 1101 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (Hrsg.), GLA (= BAYERISCHES GEOLOGISCHES LANDESAMT & BAYERISCHES LANDESAMT FÜR UMWELTSCHUTZ) CY - Augsburg PY - 2003 ST - Das Schutzgut Boden in der Planung. Bewertung natürlicher Bodenfunktionen und Umsetzung in Planungs- und Genehmigungsverfahren TI - Das Schutzgut Boden in der Planung. Bewertung natürlicher Bodenfunktionen und Umsetzung in Planungs- und Genehmigungsverfahren ID - 3385 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Glandorf, M. AU - Arola, A. AU - Bais, A. AU - Seckmeyer, G. IS - 1 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0177-798X PY - 2005 SP - 33 ST - Possibilities to detect trends in spectral UV irradiance T2 - Theoretical and Applied Climatology TI - Possibilities to detect trends in spectral UV irradiance UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-004-0109-9 VL - 81 ID - 1102 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Glandt, D. LB - glan95 PY - 1995 SP - 185 ST - Kaulquappen-Fressen durch Goldfische Carassius auratus auratus und Rotfedern Scardinius erythrophthalmus T2 - Salamandra TI - Kaulquappen-Fressen durch Goldfische Carassius auratus auratus und Rotfedern Scardinius erythrophthalmus VL - 21 ID - 1103 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GLAUNINGER, J. AU - SCHMIEDL, J. PY - 1995 SP - 29-31 ST - Was tun gegen den Gestreiften Blattrandkäfer? Auftreten, Schadwirkung und Bekämpfung in Körnererbse T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Was tun gegen den Gestreiften Blattrandkäfer? Auftreten, Schadwirkung und Bekämpfung in Körnererbse VL - 4 ID - 1104 ER - TY - GEN AU - Glogger, B. LB - glog98 PY - 1998 ST - Heisszeit - Klimaänderungen und Naturgefahren in der Schweiz TI - Heisszeit - Klimaänderungen und Naturgefahren in der Schweiz ID - 1105 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Wien, Wien: Stadtentwicklung AU - Glotter, K. AU - Maschat, E. CY - Wien PY - 2006 ST - Grün- und Freiräume der Stadtregion. Wissenswertes über die Grün- und Freiräume der Wiener Stadtregion T2 - die Dokumentation des Round-Table-Gesprächs "Wer braucht Grün in Wien?", für das "Grün-Kapitel" des STEP 05, Daten, Grafiken und Zahlen zum "Grün" in Wien TI - Grün- und Freiräume der Stadtregion. Wissenswertes über die Grün- und Freiräume der Wiener Stadtregion ID - 1106 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GLUTZ, V. BLOTZHEIM, U. N., K. BAUER, E. BEZZEL PY - 1973 SP - 699 pp. ST - Handbuch der Vögel Mitteleuropas. Band 5, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Wiesbaden. TI - Handbuch der Vögel Mitteleuropas. Band 5, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Wiesbaden ID - 1107 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GLUTZ, V. BLOTZHEIM, U. N., P. GÉROUDET, M. SCHWARZ, P. GRÜNIG PY - 1962 SP - 648 pp. ST - „Die Brutvögel der Schweizﾓ - Aargauer Tagblatt AG, Aarau; TI - „Die Brutvögel der Schweizﾓ - Aargauer Tagblatt AG, Aarau ID - 1108 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Glutz, V. AU - N., Blotzheim U. AU - K., Bauer AU - E., Bezzel CY - Wiesbaden PB - Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft PY - 1973 SP - 699 ST - Handbuch der Vögel Mitteleuropas. Band 5, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Wiesbaden. TI - Handbuch der Vögel Mitteleuropas VL - Band 5 ID - 1109 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Glutz, V. AU - N., Blotzheim U. AU - P., Géroudet AU - M., Schwarz AU - P., Grünig CY - Aarau PB - Aargauer Tagblatt AG PY - 1962 SP - 648 ST - „Die Brutvögel der Schweizﾓ - Aargauer Tagblatt AG, Aarau; TI - „Die Brutvögel der Schweizﾓ ID - 1110 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Here, the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis (GDBH) was tested by quantifying temporal variation in the relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), and phenylpropanoid concentrations of two willow species (Salix sericea and Salix eriocephala) across five fertility levels. Initially, RGR increased and total phenylpropanoids declined (although every individual phenolic did not) as fertility increased, but NAR was unaffected. Subsequently, NAR and phenylpropanoids declined in the low fertility treatment, generating a quadratic response of secondary metabolism across the nutrient gradient. As above- and below-ground growth rates equilibrated, NAR and phenylpropanoids increased in the low fertility treatment, re-establishing a negative linear effect of fertility on secondary metabolism. A transient quadratic response of secondary metabolism is predicted when GDBH is integrated with models of optimal phenotypic plasticity, occurring when low NAR imposes carbon constraints on secondary metabolism in low nutrient environments. Once plants acclimate to nutrient limitation, the equilibrium allocation state is predicted to be a negative correlation between growth and secondary metabolism. Although both willow species generally responded according to GDBH, the complexity observed suggests that prediction of the effects of nutrient availability on secondary metabolism (and other plastic responses) in specific cases requires a priori knowledge of the physiological status of the plant and soil nutrient availability. AD - Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7044, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. FAU - Glynn, Carolyn AU - Glynn C Fau - Herms, Daniel A. AU - Herms Da Fau - Orians, Colin M. AU - Orians Cm Fau - Hansen, Robert C. AU - Hansen Rc Fau - Larsson, Stig AU - Larsson, S. DP - 2007 IS - 0028-646X (Print) LA - eng ST - Testing the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis: dynamic responses of willows to nutrient availability TI - Testing the growth-differentiation balance hypothesis: dynamic responses of willows to nutrient availability ID - 1111 ER - TY - RPRT AU - GMMP PY - 2010 ST - Austria. Global Media Monitoring Project 2010. National Report TI - Austria. Global Media Monitoring Project 2010. National Report UR - }a:link { } http://www.whomakesthenews.org/images/reports_2010/national/Austria.pdf (31.01.2013) ID - 3629 ER - TY - RPRT AU - GMMP PY - 2010 ST - Global Media Monitoring Project. GMMP Report TI - Global Media Monitoring Project. GMMP Report UR - http://www.whomakesthenews.org/images/reports_2010/global/gmmp_global_report_en.pdf (13.02.2013) ID - 3630 ER - TY - THES AU - Göber, M. LB - goeber1997 PB - Universität Bonn PY - 1997 ST - Regionale Klimadiagnostik großskaliger Wirbel TI - Regionale Klimadiagnostik großskaliger Wirbel ID - 1112 ER - TY - CONF AU - Gobiet, A. Beck A. Truhetz H. Dorninger M. Formayer H. Riegler A. Haas P. And Loibl W. CY - Vienna DA - April 2006 PY - 2006 ST - High resolution Climate Hindcasts and Scenarios for the Alpine Region. Presentation at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly, April 2006, Vienna. T2 - European Geosciences Union General Assembly TI - High resolution Climate Hindcasts and Scenarios for the Alpine Region ID - 1113 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gobiet, A., Beck, A., Truhetz, H., Dorninger, M., Formayer, H., Riegler, A., Haas, P. And Loibl, W. PY - 2006 ST - High resolution Climate Hindcasts and Scenarios for the Alpine Region. Presentation at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly, April 2006, Vienna. TI - High resolution Climate Hindcasts and Scenarios for the Alpine Region. Presentation at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly, April 2006, Vienna ID - 1114 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Gobiet, A., H. Truhetz and A. Riegler CY - Graz N1 - (2006) PB - Wegener Center, University of Graz, Austria. PY - 2006 RP - (2006) ST - A climate scenario fort he Alpine region T2 - Reclip:more project year 3 TI - A climate scenario fort he Alpine region ID - 1115 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Gobiet, A., H. Truhetz, A. Riegler CY - Graz PB - Wegener Center PY - 2006 ST - A climate scenario for the Alpine region T2 - WegCenter progress report TI - A climate scenario for the Alpine region ID - 1116 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Böhm, R., Godina, R., Nachtnebel, H.P. Pirker, O. (Hrsg.) AU - Gobiet, A. AU - Truhetz, H. CY - Wien PB - Bundesministerium für Landund Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft und Österreichischer Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaftsverband (ÖWAV) PY - 2008 SP - 71-82 ST - Klimamodelle, Klimaszenarien und ihre Bedeutung für Österreich T2 - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf die österreichische Wasserwirtschaft TI - Klimamodelle, Klimaszenarien und ihre Bedeutung für Österreich ID - 1117 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - Gobiet, Prettenthaler F. and A. CY - Verlag der Österreichi-schen Akademie der Wissenschaften PB - Verlag der Österreichi-schen Akademie der Wissenschaften PY - 2008 ST - Heizen und Kühlen im Klimawandel. TI - Heizen und Kühlen im Klimawandel ID - 1118 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The atmospheric concentration of CO2 is predicted to reach double current levels by 2075. Detritus from aboveground and belowground plant parts constitutes the primary source of C for soil organic matter (SOM), and accumulation of SOM in forests may provide a significant mechanism to mitigate increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. In a poplar (three species) plantation exposed to ambient (380 ppm) and elevated (580 ppm) atmospheric CO2 concentrations using a Free Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE) system, the relative importance of leaf litter decomposition, fine root and fungal turnover for C incorporation into SOM was investigated. A technique using cores of soil in which a C4 crop has been grown (δ13C -18.1‰) inserted into the plantation and detritus from C3 trees (δ13C -27 to -30‰) was used to distinguish between old (native soil) and new (tree derived) soil C. In-growth cores using a fine mesh (39 μm) to prevent in-growth of roots, but allow in-growth of fungal hyphae were used to assess contribution of fine roots and the mycorrhizal external mycelium to soil C during a period of three growing seasons (1999-2001). Across all species and treatments, the mycorrhizal external mycelium was the dominant pathway (62%) through which carbon entered the SOM pool, exceeding the input via leaf litter and fine root turnover. The input via the mycorrhizal external mycelium was not influenced by elevated CO2, but elevated atmospheric CO2 enhanced soil C inputs via fine root turnover. The turnover of the mycorrhizal external mycelium may be a fundamental mechanism for the transfer of root-derived C to SOM. © Springer 2006. AD - School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, LL57 2UW, Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom Laboratory of Soil Science and Geology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 37, 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via Vivaldi 43, I-80110, Caserta, Italy Department of Biology, University of Antwerpen (UA), Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium Institut für Forstbotanik, Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany Di.S.A.F.Ri., Università degli Studi Della Tuscia, Via S. Camillo De Lellis, I-01100, Viterbo, Italy Insitute of Biometeorology, IBIMET-CNR, P.le delle Cascine 18, I-50144 Firenze, Italy Dipartimento Produzione Vegetale ETechnologie Ambientali, Università di Udine, 208, Via delle Scienze, 33100, Udine, Italy Godbold, D.L. School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, LL57 2UW, Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom email: d.l.godbold@bangor.ac.uk AU - Godbold, D. L. AU - Hoosbeek, M. R. AU - Lukac, M. AU - Cotrufo, M. F. AU - Janssens, I. A. AU - Ceulemans, R. AU - Polle, A. AU - Velthorst, E. J. AU - Scarascia-Mugnozza, G. 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Ein hydrologischer Situationsbericht, Wien. TI - Trockenheit in Österreich im Jahr 2003. Ein hydrologischer Situationsbericht, Wien ID - 1119 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Godina, R., P. Lalk, P. Lorenz, G. Müller, and V. Weilgun PY - 2004 ST - Die Hochwasserereignisse im Jahr 2002 in Österreich, Wien, Bundesministerium für Land und Forstwirtschaft TI - Die Hochwasserereignisse im Jahr 2002 in Österreich, Wien, Bundesministerium für Land und Forstwirtschaft ID - 1120 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Godina, R., P. Lalk, P. Lorenz, G. Müller, and V. Weilgun PY - 2005 ST - Das Hochwasser in Österreich vom 21. bis 25. August 2005,beschreibung der hydrologischen Situation,wien, Abteilung VII/3-Wasserhaushalt(HZB). TI - Das Hochwasser in Österreich vom 21. bis 25. August 2005,beschreibung der hydrologischen Situation,wien, Abteilung VII/3-Wasserhaushalt(HZB) ID - 1121 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Godina, R. AU - P., Lalk AU - P., Lorenz AU - G., Müller AU - V., Weilgun PY - 2004 ST - Die Hochwasserereignisse im Jahr 2002 in Österreich, Wien, Bundesministerium für Land und Forstwirtschaft TI - Die Hochwasserereignisse im Jahr 2002 in Österreich, Wien, Bundesministerium für Land und Forstwirtschaft ID - 1122 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Godina, R. AU - P., Lalk AU - P., Lorenz AU - G., Müller AU - V., Weilgun PY - 2005 ST - Das Hochwasser in Österreich vom 21. bis 25. August 2005,beschreibung der hydrologischen Situation,wien, Abteilung VII/3-Wasserhaushalt(HZB). TI - Das Hochwasser in Österreich vom 21. bis 25. August 2005,beschreibung der hydrologischen Situation,wien, Abteilung VII/3-Wasserhaushalt(HZB) ID - 1123 ER - TY - RPRT AU - GOLDBACH, A. AU - KUTTLER, W. M1 - Ergebnisposter PY - 2011 ST - Stadtklima – Ausgewählte bisherige Ergebnisse der stadtklimatischen Untersuchungen in Oberhausen T2 - Teilprojekt 4.3.1 Quantifizierung der Effizienz verdunstungsaktiver Flächen in urbanen Gebieten TI - Stadtklima – Ausgewählte bisherige Ergebnisse der stadtklimatischen Untersuchungen in Oberhausen UR - http://www.dynaklim.de/dynaklim/index/news/05_2011-Flaechen-gegen-Hitzestress.html (am 14.02.2013 nicht mehr verfügbar) ID - 1124 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GOLLAN, T. PY - 2008 SP - 4-6 ST - Wohin führt der Wertewandel? T2 - Wissenswert TI - Wohin führt der Wertewandel? VL - 1 ID - 3521 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GOMES, J. AU - BAYER, C. AU - COSTA, F. de S. AU - PICCOLO, M. de C. AU - ZANATTA, J. A. AU - VIEIRA, F. C. B. AU - SIX, J. DO - 10.1016/j.still.2009.10.001 PY - 2009 RN - http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/580446 SE - 36 SP - 36-44 ST - Soil nitrous oxide emissions in long-term cover crops-based rotations under subtropical climate T2 - Soil & Tillage Research TI - Soil nitrous oxide emissions in long-term cover crops-based rotations under subtropical climate VL - 106 ID - 3344 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In November 2004, forest stands in the Tatra National Park (TANAP) were affected by windthrow and in July 2005, the wildfire broke out on a part of the affected area. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the windthrow and fire disturbances on soil microbial activity. Basal and potential soil respiration, N-mineralisation, catalase activity, soil microbial biomass, and cellulase activity were measured in soil samples taken from the A-horizon (depth of 0–10 cm) along 100 m transects established on 4 plots (reference site, burnt, non-extracted, and extracted sites) in October 2006. Some soil microbial characteristics exhibited a high spatial variability, especially microbial biomass and N-mineralisation. Significant differences in soil microbial characteristics (especially basal soil respiration and catalase activity) between plots were found. Generally, the highest microbial activity was revealed on the plot affected by fire. Soil microbial activity was similar on the extracted and non-extracted sites. AU - Gömöryová E AU - Střelcová K AU - Škvarenina J AU - Bebej J AU - D., Gömöry KW - windthrow wildfire spruce stands forest soil microbial activity PY - 2008 SP - 74-80 ST - The impact of windthrow and fire disturbances on selected soil properties in the Tatra National Park T2 - Soil & Water Research TI - The impact of windthrow and fire disturbances on selected soil properties in the Tatra National Park VL - 3 ID - 3426 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gonzales E AU - M., Alvarado AU - E., Berlanga AU - A., Serrano AU - A., De La Rosa PY - 1994 SP - 229-241 ST - Danos pro-ducidospor tripsen nectarinasen el Valle del Guadalquivir. Bolletin de Sanidad Vegetal, Plagas 20(1): 229-241. T2 - Bolletin de Sanidad Vegetal TI - Danos pro-ducidospor tripsen nectarinasen el Valle del Guadalquivir VL - Plagas 20(1) ID - 1125 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GONZALES E., ALVARADO M., BERLANGA E., SERRANO A.,DE LA ROSA A. PY - 1994 ST - Danos pro-ducidospor tripsen nectarinasen el Valle del Guadalquivir. Bolletin de Sanidad Vegetal, Plagas 20(1): 229-241. TI - Danos pro-ducidospor tripsen nectarinasen el Valle del Guadalquivir. Bolletin de Sanidad Vegetal, Plagas 20(1): 229-241 ID - 1126 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gonzales-Lanteri, D. AU - Huete, A. AU - Kim, H. PY - 2004 SE - 239 SP - 239-245 ST - Estimation of the fraction of canopy cover from multispectral data to be used in a water soil erosion prediction model. Gayana (Concepc.), 68:239-245 T2 - Gayana (Concepc.) TI - Estimation of the fraction of canopy cover from multispectral data to be used in a water soil erosion prediction model. Gayana (Concepc.), 68:239-245 VL - 68 ID - 3345 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Goovaerts, P. PY - 2000 SP - 113-129 ST - Geostatistical approaches for incorporating elevation into the spatial interpolation of rainfall. J. Hydrology (228) T2 - J. Hydrology TI - Geostatistical approaches for incorporating elevation into the spatial interpolation of rainfall. VL - (228) 1-2 ID - 1127 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GOOVAERTS, P. PY - 2000 SP - 1-2. 113-129 ST - Geostatistical approaches for incorporating elevation into the spatial interpolation of rainfall. J. Hydrology (228) TI - Geostatistical approaches for incorporating elevation into the spatial interpolation of rainfall. J. Hydrology (228) ID - 1128 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gorbachevskaya, O. AU - Kappis, C. AU - Mählmann, J. PY - 2009 SP - 58-61 ST - Mehr Grün im urbanen Raum. Mobile Vegetationsmatten zur Begrünung von Straßenbahngleisen T2 - Stadt + Grün TI - Mehr Grün im urbanen Raum. Mobile Vegetationsmatten zur Begrünung von Straßenbahngleisen VL - 3/2009 ID - 1129 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Götzl, M. LB - goet03 PB - Umweltbundesamt PY - 2003 SP - 1-187 ST - Die österreichischen Sammlungen und Datenbanken zur Artenvielfalt. Eine interdisziplinäre Studie im Rahmen der Global Biodiversity Information Facility. TI - Die österreichischen Sammlungen und Datenbanken zur Artenvielfalt. Eine interdisziplinäre Studie im Rahmen der Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID - 1130 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GRABHERR, G., M. GOTTFRIED, H. PAULI PY - 2003 SP - Vol. 26, 104-113. ST - Klimawandel und Vegetationsveränderungen im Hochgebirge. Beobachtungen, Messungen, Prozessmodellierungen. In: Colloquium Geographicum. TI - Klimawandel und Vegetationsveränderungen im Hochgebirge. Beobachtungen, Messungen, Prozessmodellierungen. In: Colloquium Geographicum ID - 1131 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grabherr, G. AU - M., Gottfried AU - H., Pauli PY - 2003 SP - 104-113 ST - Klimawandel und Vegetationsveränderungen im Hochgebirge. Beobachtungen, Messungen, Prozessmodellierungen. In: Colloquium Geographicum. T2 - Colloquium Geographicum TI - Klimawandel und Vegetationsveränderungen im Hochgebirge. Beobachtungen, Messungen, Prozessmodellierungen VL - Vol. 26 ID - 1132 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grabherr, G. AU - Gottfried, M. AU - Grubner, M. AU - Pauli, H. LB - grab95 PY - 1995 SP - 167-181 ST - Patterns and current changes in alpine plant diversity T2 - In Chapin III, F.S.and Körner, D. (editors), Arctic and Alpine Biodiversity: Patterns, Causes and Ecosystem Consequences, Ecological Studies TI - Patterns and current changes in alpine plant diversity VL - 11 ID - 1133 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grabherr, G. AU - Gottfried, M. AU - Pauli, H. PY - 1994 SP - 448 ST - Climate effects on mountain plants T2 - Nature TI - Climate effects on mountain plants VL - 369 ID - 1134 ER - TY - UNPB AU - Grabner, S. AU - Silberberger, I. AU - Hofbauer, W. CY - Innsbruck und Wien PY - 2001 ST - Auswahl der Untersuchungsgemeinde im Bezirk Kufstein und Kitzbühel für das MaB Projekt „ Grünland im Berggebiet“ TI - Auswahl der Untersuchungsgemeinde im Bezirk Kufstein und Kitzbühel für das MaB Projekt „ Grünland im Berggebiet“ ID - 1135 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grabner-Trieb, R. AU - Gruber, K. PY - 2007 SP - 357-369 ST - Bruttoregionalprodukt und verfügbares Einkommen der privaten Haushalte in den Bundesländern. T2 - Statistische Nachrichten TI - Bruttoregionalprodukt und verfügbares Einkommen der privaten Haushalte in den Bundesländern. VL - 4 ID - 1136 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GRACE, J., F. BERNINGER, L. NAGY PY - 2002 ST - Impacts of Climate Change on the Tree Line. Institute of Ecology & Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, UK and Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki, Finnland. TI - Impacts of Climate Change on the Tree Line. Institute of Ecology & Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, UK and Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki, Finnland ID - 1137 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Grace, J. AU - Berninger, F. AU - L., Nagy PB - Institute of Ecology & Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, UK and Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki, Finnland PY - 2002 ST - Impacts of Climate Change on the Tree Line. Institute of Ecology & Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, UK and Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki, Finnland. TI - Impacts of Climate Change on the Tree Line. ID - 1138 ER - TY - BOOK AN - L_FUB01 BV021602443 AU - Grace, James B. CY - Cambridge KW - http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014817761&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 4069495-1 Biozönose 4114528-8 Mathematisches Modell 4040708-1 Multivariate Analyse N1 - XII, 365 S. 1.publ. James B. Grace PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2006 SN - ISBN 0-521-83742-1 (hbk) : £60.00 ISBN 0-521-54653-2 (pbk) : £29.00 ISBN 978-0-521-83742-2 (hbk) ISBN 978-0-521-54653-9 (pbk) ST - Structural equation modeling and natural systems TI - Structural equation modeling and natural systems UR - http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014817761&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA ID - 1139 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Graf, W. AU - Grasser, U. AU - Moog, O. LB - graf92 PY - 1992 SP - 297-303 ST - The role of Allogamus auricollis (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) in benthic communities of a 4th-order crystalline mountain stream with some ecological notes T2 - Proc. TI - The role of Allogamus auricollis (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) in benthic communities of a 4th-order crystalline mountain stream with some ecological notes VL - 7t ID - 1140 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The drought of 2003 was exceptionally severe in many regions of Europe, both in duration and in intensity. In some areas, especially in Germany and France, it was the strongest drought for the last 50 years, lasting for more than 6 months. We used continuous carbon and water flux measurements at 12 European monitoring sites covering various forest ecosystem types and a large climatic range in order to characterise the consequences of this drought on ecosystems functioning. As soil water content in the root zone was only monitored in a few sites, a daily water balance model was implemented at each stand to estimate the water balance terms: trees and understorey transpiration, rainfall interception, throughfall, drainage in the different soil layers and soil water content. This model calculated the onset date, duration and intensity of the soil water shortage (called water stress) using measured climate and site properties: leaf area index and phenology that both determine tree transpiration and rainfall interception, soil characteristics and root distribution, both influencing water absorption and drainage. At sites where soil water content was measured, we observed a good agreement between measured and modelled soil water content. Our analysis showed a wide spatial distribution of drought stress over Europe, with a maximum intensity within a large band extending from Portugal to NE Germany. Vapour fluxes in all the investigated sites were reduced by drought, due to stomatal closure, when the relative extractable water in soil (REW) dropped below ca. 0.4. Rainfall events during the drought, however, typically induced rapid restoration of vapour fluxes. Similar to the water vapour fluxes, the net ecosystem production decreased with increasing water stress at all the sites. Both gross primary production (GPP) and total ecosystem respiration (TER) also decreased when REW dropped below 0.4 and 0.2, for GPP and TER, respectively. A higher sensitivity to drought was found in the beech, and surprisingly, in the broadleaved Mediterranean forests; the coniferous stands (spruce and pine) appeared to be less drought-sensitive. The effect of drought on tree growth was also large at the three sites where the annual tree growth was measured. Especially in beech, this growth reduction was more pronounced in the year following the drought (2004). Such lag effects on tree growth should be considered an important feature in forest ecosystems, which may enhance vulnerability to more frequent climate extremes. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - UMR INRA-UHP Forest Ecology and Ecophysiology, 54820 Champenoux, France Department of Forest Environment Science and Resource, DISAFRI, University of Tuscia, Via Camillo de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Postfach 10 01 64, 07701 Jena, Germany Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium Pflanzenökologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany LSCE, CE Orme des Merisiers, Bat 701, 91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France Department of Meteorology, Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, Technische Universität Dresden, 010062 Dresden, Germany Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques de Gembloux, Unité de Physique, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium UR EPHYSE-INRA Bordeaux, 69 route d'Arcachon, 33612 Gazinet, France Institute of Plant Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland Istituto di Biometeorologia CNR, Via Gobetti, 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy Environment Institute, JRC-Ispra, 21020 Ispra, Italy Vantaa Research Centre, Finnish Forest Research Institute, P.O. Box 18, 01301, Finland Department of Physical Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, 00014, Finland Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, Ecosystem Science Division, University of California, Berkeley, United States Lund University, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Analysis, Soelvegatan 12, S-223 62 Lund, Sweden Instituto Superior Técnico, Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal Agenzia Provinciale per l'Ambiente, Via Amba-Alagi 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy Ripartizione Foreste di Bolzano, Via Brennero 6, 39100 Bolzano, Italy INRA Biogeochemistry of Forest Ecosystems, 54280 Champenoux, France Alterra, Postbus 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands Plant Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, P.O. Box 49, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014, Finland CEFE, CNRS, 1919 Rte. Mende, BP 5051 Montpellier, 34033, France Estação Florestal Nacional, Departamento de Silvicultura e Produtos Florestais, Av. da República, Quinta do Marques, 2780-149 Oeiras, Portugal Granier, A. UMR INRA-UHP Forest Ecology and Ecophysiology, 54820 Champenoux, France email: agranier@nancy.inra.fr AU - Granier, A. AU - Reichstein, M. AU - Bréda, N. AU - Janssens, I. A. AU - Falge, E. AU - Ciais, P. AU - Grünwald, T. AU - Aubinet, M. AU - Berbigier, P. AU - Bernhofer, C. AU - Buchmann, N. AU - Facini, O. AU - Grassi, G. AU - Heinesch, B. AU - Ilvesniemi, H. AU - Keronen, P. AU - Knohl, A. AU - Köstner, B. AU - Lagergren, F. AU - Lindroth, A. AU - Longdoz, B. AU - Loustau, D. AU - Mateus, J. AU - Montagnani, L. AU - Nys, C. AU - Moors, E. AU - Papale, D. AU - Peiffer, M. AU - Pilegaard, K. AU - Pita, G. AU - Pumpanen, J. AU - Rambal, S. AU - Rebmann, C. AU - Rodrigues, A. AU - Seufert, G. AU - Tenhunen, J. AU - Vesala, T. AU - Wang, Q. 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Adequate calcium intake is also recommended. The current vitamin D requirements in the United States are based on protection against bone diseases. These guidelines are being revised upward in light of new findings, especially for soft-tissue health. The consensus of scientific understanding appears to be that vitamin D deficiency is reached for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels less than 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L), insufficiency in the range from 20-32 ng/mL, and sufficiency in the range from 33-80 ng/mL, with normal in sunny countries 54-90 ng/mL, and excess greater than 100 ng/mL. Solar ultraviolet-B (UVB) irradiation is the primary source of vitamin D for most people. In general, the health benefits accruing from moderate UV irradiation, without erythema or excess tanning, greatly outweigh the health risks, with skin pigmentation (melanin) providing much of the protection. 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Univ.Graz ID - 1148 ER - TY - UNPB AU - Gressmann, G. PB - Unveröffentl. Endbericht im Auftrag der Salzburger Jägerschaft PY - 2005 ST - Lebensraumbewertung für das Steinwild im Bundesland Salzburg. Unveröffentl. Endbericht im Auftrag der Salzburger Jägerschaft TI - Lebensraumbewertung für das Steinwild im Bundesland Salzburg. ID - 1149 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GRESSMANN, G. PY - 2005 ST - Lebensraumbewertung für das Steinwild im Bundesland Salzburg. Unveröffentl. Endbericht im Auftrag der Salzburger Jägerschaft TI - Lebensraumbewertung für das Steinwild im Bundesland Salzburg. Unveröffentl. Endbericht im Auftrag der Salzburger Jägerschaft ID - 1150 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GRESSMANN, G., A. DEUTZ, C. ASTE, W. SCHRÖDER PY - 2000 SP - 46, 14-22. ST - Die Bedeutung der Topographie für das Populationswachstum von Steinwildkolonien am Ostalpenrand. Z. Jagdwiss. TI - Die Bedeutung der Topographie für das Populationswachstum von Steinwildkolonien am Ostalpenrand. Z. Jagdwiss ID - 1151 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gressmann, G. AU - A., Deutz AU - C., Aste AU - W., Schröder PY - 2000 SP - 14-22 ST - Die Bedeutung der Topographie für das Populationswachstum von Steinwildkolonien am Ostalpenrand. Z. Jagdwiss. T2 - Z. Jagdwiss TI - Die Bedeutung der Topographie für das Populationswachstum von Steinwildkolonien am Ostalpenrand VL - 46 ID - 1152 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Griese, D. PY - 1998 SP - 263-270 ST - Die viatische Migration einiger neophytischer Pflanzensippen am Beispiel norddeutscher Autobahnen. Braunschweiger Geobot. T2 - Braunschweiger Geobot TI - Die viatische Migration einiger neophytischer Pflanzensippen am Beispiel norddeutscher Autobahnen. VL - Arb. 5 ID - 1153 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Griese, D. PY - 1998 SP - Arb. 5: 263-270. ST - Die viatische Migration einiger neophytischer Pflanzensippen am Beispiel norddeutscher Autobahnen. Braunschweiger Geobot. TI - Die viatische Migration einiger neophytischer Pflanzensippen am Beispiel norddeutscher Autobahnen. Braunschweiger Geobot ID - 1154 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Soil organic matter (SOM) is generally assumed to be important to forest productivity, but its direct influence has been difficult to clearly demonstrate. SOM has a myriad of interactions with other soil properties, and levels of SOM depend on plant factors such as productivity and litter chemistry, and on environmental factors such as temperature and water. SOM is thus both cause and effect with respect to productivity. Additionally, SOM is inversely related to productivity where conditions such as low temperatures or reduced aeration are adverse for both plant growth and for microbial activity, and SOM accumulates. Conventional experimental methods arc unlikely to provide a wholly-inclusive general demonstration of the effects of SOM on forest productivity because the relationship is complex and site-specific. In spite of that caveat, circumstantial evidence indicates that SOM positively affects long-term forest productivity, with its specific role and contribution depending on the limiting site factors. In coarse-textured soils, SOM is important for retaining water and for supplying and retaining nutrients. As soils become finer, those roles become less important but its role in promoting favourable soil physical properties increases. Forest management practices can alter the amount and type of SOM, but because inherent soil or site characteristics sometimes compensate for or mitigate the effects of SOM change, the direct impacts on productivity may be equivocal. Nonetheless, because of the strong ties of SOM to a wide range of soil properties and functions across soil textures, most prudent forest management regimes should maintain or enhance SOM levels. AD - Department of Soil, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States Natl. Cncl. Air/Stream I.I., P.O. Box 13318, Res. 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PARRINI, B. BASSANO, S. LUCCARINI, M. APOLLINIO PY - 2003 ST - Habitat selection in adult males of Alpine ibex, Capra ibex ibex. Folia Zool. 52(2), 113-120. TI - Habitat selection in adult males of Alpine ibex, Capra ibex ibex. Folia Zool. 52(2), 113-120 ID - 1155 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grignolio, S. AU - F., Parrini AU - Bassano, B. AU - S., Luccarini AU - M., Apollinio PY - 2003 SP - 113-120 ST - Habitat selection in adult males of Alpine ibex, Capra ibex ibex. Folia Zool. 52(2), 113-120. T2 - Folia Zool. TI - Habitat selection in adult males of Alpine ibex, Capra ibex ibex VL - 52(2) ID - 1156 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Grime, H.P. CY - Chichester PB - John Wiley & Sons PY - 2001 ST - Plant Strategies, Vegetation Processes and Ecosystem Properties TI - Plant Strategies, Vegetation Processes and Ecosystem Properties VL - 2. Edition ID - 1157 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Grime, H.P. AU - Hodgson, J.G. AU - Hunt, R. CY - London PB - Unwin Hyman Inc. PY - 1988 SE - 742 ST - Comparative Plant Ecology. A functional approach to common British species TI - Comparative Plant Ecology. A functional approach to common British species ID - 1158 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grimm, B. LB - grim01 PY - 2001 SP - 25-32 ST - Life cycle and population density of the pest slug Arion lusitanicus Mabille (Mollusca: Pulmonata) on grassland T2 - Malacologia TI - Life cycle and population density of the pest slug Arion lusitanicus Mabille (Mollusca: Pulmonata) on grassland VL - 43 ID - 1159 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Grimm, B. AU - Lohmann, M. AU - Heinsohn, K. AU - Richter, C. AU - Metzler, D. PY - 2009 ST - Auswirkungen des demographischen Wandels auf den Tourismus und Schlussfolgerungen für die Tourismuspolitik. AP2, Teil 1: Trend- und Folgenabschätzung für Deutschland. Im Auftrag vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie. TI - Auswirkungen des demographischen Wandels auf den Tourismus und Schlussfolgerungen für die Tourismuspolitik. AP2, Teil 1: Trend- und Folgenabschätzung für Deutschland. Im Auftrag vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie. UR - http://www.bmwi.de/BMWi/Redaktion/PDF/Publikationen/Studien/auswirkungen-demographischer-wandel-tourismus-ap2-kap-1,property=pdf,bereich=bmwi,sprache=de,rwb=true.pdf Y2 - 8.6.2011 ID - 1160 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract. During three field surveys of phlebotomine sandflies in the region of Sessa, Minor Malcantone, southern Switzerland, annually 1987-89, Phlebotomus pemiciosus and P.mascittii were caught regularly by means of light traps, but only when the traps were in close association with humans. The most productive catching sites were in the middle of Sessa village, in basements or partially closed shelters in the immediate vicinity of human dwellings. All catching sites outside the village were negative. The only other sandfly species caught was Sergentomyia minuta, four specimens only. P.pemiciosus and P.mascittii always occurred together and were found to feed - at least occasionally – on human blood. Glucose and fructose were identified in wild-caught sandflies of both species. A breeding place of P.mascittii was identified in the basement of a house in the middle of Sessa. Analyses of soil samples revealed moderately loamy humus with a slightly acidic pH (5.6). AU - Grimm, F. AU - Gessler, M. AU - Jenni, L. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00671.x IS - 2 KW - Phlebotomus pemiciosus Phlebotomus mascittii sandfly biology breeding site sugar meal analysis blood source Switzerland PY - 1993 SN - 1365-2915 SP - 170-176 ST - Aspects of sandfly biology in southern Switzerland T2 - Medical and Veterinary Entomology TI - Aspects of sandfly biology in southern Switzerland UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.1993.tb00671.x VL - 7 ID - 1161 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grimm, F. AU - Knechtli, R. AU - Gessler, M. AU - Jenni, L. PY - 1990 ST - Biology of sandflies in southern Switzerland T2 - Rev Suisse Zool TI - Biology of sandflies in southern Switzerland VL - 97 ID - 1162 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Benson, J.F., Roe, M. (eds.) AU - Grimm-Pretner, D. AU - Lička, L. CY - Rotterdam PB - Balkema Publishers PY - 2000 SN - 90 5809 169 4 SP - 273-280 ST - Open use for open spaces T2 - Urban Lifestyles, Spaces, Places, People TI - Open use for open spaces ID - 1163 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Grimm-Pretner, D. AU - Wück, R. AU - Barthofer, R. AU - Wagner, C. CY - Wien PB - Institut für Landschaftsarchitektur BOKU Wien PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-9502175-5-1 ST - Nachhaltige Landschaftsarchitektur - Ein Modell zur Gestaltung von Parks. TI - Nachhaltige Landschaftsarchitektur - Ein Modell zur Gestaltung von Parks. VL - 44 ID - 1164 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grist, E. P. M. LB - gris94 PY - 1994 SP - 131 ST - Climatic Factors Affecting the activity of natterjacks (Bufo calamita) and common Toads (Bufo bufo) outside the breeding Season: Mathias revisited T2 - Herpetologica Journal TI - Climatic Factors Affecting the activity of natterjacks (Bufo calamita) and common Toads (Bufo bufo) outside the breeding Season: Mathias revisited VL - 4 ID - 1165 ER - TY - JOUR AB - During June to August 2003, high temperatures were reported across Europe including Switzerland. In many European countries, particularly in France the heat wave was associated with an increase in mortality. This is the first analysis investigating whether the high temperatures during summer 2003 in Switzerland had a measurable impact on mortality. METHODS: Daily data on all-cause mortality for the period January 1990 to December 2003, and meteorological data from 20 different stations for the same period were analysed. Excess mortality for different age groups, gender and geographic regions was calculated. Daily mortality and temperature in 2003 was correlated with lags of temperature up to 7 days. RESULTS: An estimated 7% increase in all cause mortality occurred during June to August 2003. Excess mortality was limited to the region north of the Alps, to inhabitants of cities and suburban areas and was more pronounced among the elderly and the inhabitants of Basel, Geneva and Lausanne. North of the Alps, deviations in daily mortality were significantly correlated with deviations in maximum daily temperatures and night temperatures. The combination of day temperature above 35 degrees C and night temperatures above 20 degrees C predominantly occurred in Basel and Geneva and might in part explain the regional differences in excess mortality. CONCLUSIONS: As the number of elderly people in Switzerland continues to rise and the occurrence of heat waves is predicted to increase as a consequence of global warming, preventive programmes targeting susceptible populations during heat waves are warranted. AU - Grize, L. AU - Huss, A. AU - Thommen, O. AU - Schindler, Ch. AU - Braun-Fahrländer, Ch. DO - DOI: 2005/13/smw-11009 IS - 13-14 PY - 2005 SP - 200-205 ST - Heat wave and mortality in Switzerland T2 - Swiss Med Wkly TI - Heat wave and mortality in Switzerland UR - http://pubget.com/paper/15909237?cb=1312557831 VL - 135 ID - 1166 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Groehn, I. AU - Steinacker, R. AU - Häberli, C. AU - Pöttschacher, W. AU - Dorninger, M. LB - groehn2000 PY - 2000 ST - Data quality control of MAP (DAQUAMAP) T2 - MAP Newsletter TI - Data quality control of MAP (DAQUAMAP) VL - 13 ID - 1167 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Groisman, P. AU - Legates, D. R. LB - groisman1997 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1997 SP - 215-217 ST - The accuracy of United States precipitation data T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. TI - The accuracy of United States precipitation data VL - 75 ID - 1168 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Groll, Nikolaus CY - Türkenschanzstr. 18, A-1180 Vienna, Austria DA - May LB - groll2002a M3 - COSREM N1 - not peer-reviewed PB - Institute of Meteorology and Physics, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences PY - 2002 RP - not peer-reviewed SN - 6 ST - Analogmethode, I/O TI - Analogmethode, I/O ID - 1169 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Groll, Nikolaus CY - Türkenschanzstr. 18, A-1180 Vienna, Austria DA - September LB - groll2002 M3 - COSREM N1 - not peer-reviewed PB - Institute of Meteorology and Physics, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences PY - 2002 RP - not peer-reviewed SN - 9 ST - Analogmethode: Resultate, Abbildungen und Files TI - Analogmethode: Resultate, Abbildungen und Files ID - 1170 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GRÖNING, Gert IS - 10 PY - 1976 SP - 601-607 ST - „Zur problemorientierten Sortierung von Freiräumen“ T2 - Das Gartenamt TI - „Zur problemorientierten Sortierung von Freiräumen“ ID - 1171 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GROOT, A. AU - CARLSON, D.W. PY - 1996 SE - 1531 SP - 8 ST - Influence of shelter on night temperatures, frost damage, and bud break of white spruce seedlings. T2 - Can. J. For. Res. TI - Influence of shelter on night temperatures, frost damage, and bud break of white spruce seedlings. VL - 26 ID - 1172 ER - TY - JOUR AU - GROSS, G. AU - KERSCHNER, H. AU - PATZELT, G. PY - 1977 SP - 223-251 ST - Methodische Untersuchungen über die Schneegrenze in alpinen Gletschergebieten T2 - Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie TI - Methodische Untersuchungen über die Schneegrenze in alpinen Gletschergebieten VL - 12 ID - 1173 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grotch, Stanley L. AU - MacCracken, Michael C. DA - March LB - grot91a N1 - noch mit AGCMs durchgeführt; breiter konsenz darüber, daß es wärmer wird (+2.8 bis +4.5 grad) bei 2xco2; aussagen versch. modelle im winter und zonal gemittelt ähnlicher als im sommer und auf skalen kleiner als kontinental -> GCMs regional nicht glaubwürdig PY - 1991 SP - 286-303 ST - The Use of General Circulation Models to Predict Regional Climatic Change T2 - J. Climate TI - The Use of General Circulation Models to Predict Regional Climatic Change VL - 4 ID - 1174 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Grote, R. AU - Bürger, G. AU - Suckow, F. CY - Berlin LB - grote1998 PB - Springer PY - 1998 ST - Simulated impacts of mean vs. intra-annual climate change on forests T2 - The Impacts of Climate Variability on Forests TI - Simulated impacts of mean vs. intra-annual climate change on forests ID - 1175 ER - TY - THES AU - Grothmann, T. PB - Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg PY - 2005 ST - Klimawandel, Wetterextreme und private Schadensprävention. Entwicklung, Überprüfung und praktische Anwendbarkeit der Theorie privater proaktiver Wetterextrem-Vorsorge TI - Klimawandel, Wetterextreme und private Schadensprävention. Entwicklung, Überprüfung und praktische Anwendbarkeit der Theorie privater proaktiver Wetterextrem-Vorsorge VL - Dr. ID - 1176 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Group, IGBP Terrestrial Carbon Working IS - 5368 LB - igbp:98 PY - 1998 SP - 1393-1394 ST - The terrestrial carbon cycle: implications for the Kyoto Protocol T2 - Science TI - The terrestrial carbon cycle: implications for the Kyoto Protocol VL - 280 ID - 1177 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Grouzet, F. M. E. AU - Kasser, T. AU - Ahuvia, A. AU - Dols, J. M. F. AU - Kim, Y. AU - Lau, S. AU - Ryan, R. M. AU - Saunders, S. AU - Schmuck, P. AU - Sheldon, K. M. DB - Scopus IS - 5 N1 - Cited By (since 1996):148 PY - 2005 SP - 800-816 ST - The structure of goal contents across 15 cultures T2 - Journal of Personality and Social Psychology TI - The structure of goal contents across 15 cultures UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-32644468921&partnerID=40&md5=332d155ef7ab933452b582e80a5db0a1 VL - 89 ID - 3522 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Many natural phenomena such as snow avalanches, debris flows, or lahars involve gravitational transport and deposition that is largely governed by topography. This paper describes a fast and mass-conserving algorithm to parameterize mass transport and deposition (MTD) over a digital elevation model. The algorithm is an extension to existing flow-routing and terrain parameterization techniques. Its fast execution allows application over large areas or its incorporation into other models, e.g., distributed glacier mass balance in mountain topography. The proposed method does not include effects of kinetic energy and thus neglects potential uphill flow of fast-moving mass. The application of MTD is described at the example of small and frequent snow avalanches in steep terrain for which the required parameters are approximated from published data. The algorithm MTD has been developed and is described for the gravitational redistribution of snow, but it is also applicable to other types of mass movements. AU - Gruber, S. DO - 10.1029/2006WR004868 IS - 6 KW - Transport deposition flow directions 1819 Hydrology: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) 1826 Hydrology: Geomorphology: hillslope 0742 Cryosphere: Avalanches 0762 Cryosphere: Mass balance PY - 2007 SN - 0043-1397 SP - W06412 ST - A mass-conserving fast algorithm to parameterize gravitational transport and deposition using digital elevation models T2 - Water Resour. Res. TI - A mass-conserving fast algorithm to parameterize gravitational transport and deposition using digital elevation models UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006WR004868 VL - 43 ID - 1178 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Phillips, M., Springman, S. und Arenson, L. (Hrsg.) AB - A wealth of near-surface rock temperatures have been published, but no systematic study of their spatial distribution is available. A campaign for the spatial characterisation of rock surface temperatures in the Swiss Alps is presented. The four main aspects are: 1) sampling strategy and site selection based on an existing ground temperature model; 2) logger design; 3) logistics of safely and efficiently accessing sites and 4) criteria for the local placement of data loggers. In 2001, more than 20 data loggers were placed at locations between 2000 and 4500 m a.s.l., recording temperatures at a depth of 10 cm every two hours. Sites were selected in order to cover a wide range of temperatures, altitudes and slope aspects. In autumn 2002, 14 complete time series were recovered. First analyses and results are presented. AU - Gruber, S. AU - Peter, M. AU - Hoelzle, M. AU - Woodhatch, I. AU - Haeberli, W. CY - Zurich PB - Swets & Zeitlinger PY - 2003 SN - 90 5809 582 7 SP - 325-330 ST - Surface temperatures in steep alpine rock faces – a strategy for regional-scale measurement and modelling T2 - 8th International Conference on Permafrost TI - Surface temperatures in steep alpine rock faces – a strategy for regional-scale measurement and modelling ID - 1179 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Exceptional rockfall occurred throughout the Alps during the unusually hot summer of 2003. It is likely related to the fast thermal reaction of the subsurface of steep rock slopes and a corresponding destabilization of ice-filled discontinuities. This suggests that rockfall may be a direct and unexpectedly fast impact of climate change. Based upon our measurements in Alpine rock faces, we present model simulations illustrating the distribution and degradation of permafrost where the summer of 2003 has resulted in extreme thaw. We argue that hotter summers predicted by climate models for the coming decades will result in reduced stability of many alpine rock walls. AU - Gruber, Stephan AU - Hoelzle, Martin AU - Haeberli, Wilfried DO - 10.1029/2004GL020051 IS - 13 KW - 1823 Hydrology: Frozen ground 1625 Global Change: Geomorphology and weathering 1630 Global Change: Impact phenomena PY - 2004 SN - 0094-8276 SP - L13504 ST - Permafrost thaw and destabilization of Alpine rock walls in the hot summer of 2003 T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - Permafrost thaw and destabilization of Alpine rock walls in the hot summer of 2003 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL020051 VL - 31 ID - 1180 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The temperature regime of alpine permafrost is altered by the generally warmer atmospheric temperatures of recent decades. Eight boreholes, with depths between 100 and 130 m, have recently been drilled in European mountain permafrost as part of the Permafrost and Climate in Europe (PACE) project. They have been equipped with temperature sensors in order to better understand and quantify the effect of climate change on permafrost temperatures. Their interpretation with respect to signals of surface temperature histories is complicated by topographic effects. An apparent warming signal is present in all of the PACE boreholes but quantification of this effect in mountainous terrain remains difficult. The influence of topography and spatially-variable surface temperatures on temperature-depth profiles is demonstrated with measurements from the Stockhorn borehole and a simple model. A conceptual framework for the interpretation of topographically-disturbed temperature-depth profiles and the modelling of temperature histories based on these data is proposed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AU - Gruber, Stephan AU - King, Lorenz AU - Kohl, Thomas AU - Herz, Thomas AU - Haeberli, Wilfried AU - Hoelzle, Martin DO - 10.1002/ppp.503 IS - 4 KW - mountain permafrost borehole temperatures climate change ground surface temperature history geothermal monitoring PY - 2004 SN - 1099-1530 SP - 349-357 ST - Interpretation of geothermal profiles perturbed by topography: the alpine permafrost boreholes at Stockhorn Plateau, Switzerland T2 - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes TI - Interpretation of geothermal profiles perturbed by topography: the alpine permafrost boreholes at Stockhorn Plateau, Switzerland UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.503 VL - 15 ID - 1181 ER - TY - THES AU - GRÜNBACHER, E. M. PY - 2005 ST - Untersuchungen zum Auftreten der Getreidewanzen im biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs T2 - Diplomarbeit an der Universität Wien TI - Untersuchungen zum Auftreten der Getreidewanzen im biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs ID - 1182 ER - TY - GEN AU - GRÜNBACHER, E. M. AU - KROMP, B. PY - 2006 SP - 185-187 ST - Untersuchungen zum Auftreten der Getreidewanzen (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae, Pentatomidae) im biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs T2 - Beiträge zur Entomofaunistik TI - Untersuchungen zum Auftreten der Getreidewanzen (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae, Pentatomidae) im biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs VL - 7 ID - 1183 ER - TY - RPRT AU - GRÜNBACHER, E.M. AU - HANN, P. AU - KROMP, B. AU - FORMAYER, H. CY - Wien PB - BMGF, BMLFUW PY - 2007 SP - 20 ST - Anpassungen der Schadinsektenfauna an den Klimawandel im ost-österreichischen Ackerbau: Konzepterstellung für ein Langzeit-Monitoringsystem T2 - Endbericht zum Forschungsprojekt StartClim2007.C TI - Anpassungen der Schadinsektenfauna an den Klimawandel im ost-österreichischen Ackerbau: Konzepterstellung für ein Langzeit-Monitoringsystem ID - 1184 ER - TY - RPRT AU - GRÜNBACHER, E.M. AU - KROMP, B. AU - FORMAYER, H. AU - HANN, P. CY - Wien PB - BMGF, BMLFUW PY - 2006 SP - 60 ST - Einflüsse des Klimawandels auf landwirtschaftliche Schädlinge und Nützlinge im Biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs T2 - Endbericht zum Forschungsprojekt StartClim2005.C3-a TI - Einflüsse des Klimawandels auf landwirtschaftliche Schädlinge und Nützlinge im Biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs ID - 1185 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - BMLFUW, BMGFJ, BMWA, BMWF AU - Grünbacher, E. AU - Hann, P. AU - Trska, C. AU - Kromp, B. AU - Formayer, H. PY - 2007 ST - Auswirkung des Klimawandels auf die Ausbreitung der Engerlingsschäden (Scarabaeidae; Coleoptera) im österreichischen Grünland T2 - Endbericht von StartClim2006.C in StartClim2006: Klimawandel und Gesundheit, Tourismus, Energie TI - Auswirkung des Klimawandels auf die Ausbreitung der Engerlingsschäden (Scarabaeidae; Coleoptera) im österreichischen Grünland ID - 1186 ER - TY - RPRT AU - GRÜNBACHER, E. AU - KROMP, B. AU - FORMAYER, H. AU - HANN, P. PY - 2006 ST - Einflüsse des Klimawandels auf landwirtschaftliche Schädlinge und Nützlinge im Biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs T2 - Endbericht zum Projekt StartClim2005.C3-a TI - Einflüsse des Klimawandels auf landwirtschaftliche Schädlinge und Nützlinge im Biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs ID - 1187 ER - TY - CONF AU - Gruner, U. CY - Bern PY - 2006 SP - 147-158 ST - Klimatische und meteorologische Einflüsse auf Sturzprozesse T2 - 4th Swiss Geoscience Meeting TI - Klimatische und meteorologische Einflüsse auf Sturzprozesse VL - 2 ID - 1188 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Popp, R. A2 - Schüll, E. (Hrsg.) AU - Grunwald, A. CY - Berlin und Heidelberg PB - Springer Verlag PY - 2009 ST - Wovon ist die Zukunftsforschung eine Wirklichkeit T2 - Zukunftsforschung und Zukunftsgestaltung. Beiträge aus Wissenschaft und Praxis TI - Wovon ist die Zukunftsforschung eine Wirklichkeit ID - 1189 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gsell, O. PY - 1968 SP - 380-383 ST - Tularämie in der Schweiz. Schweizerische Med. Wschr. T2 - Schweizerische Med. Wschr TI - Tularämie in der Schweiz VL - 98 ID - 1190 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gsell, O. PY - 1968 SP - 98, 380-383. ST - Tularämie in der Schweiz. Schweizerische Med. Wschr. TI - Tularämie in der Schweiz. Schweizerische Med. Wschr ID - 1191 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC03222626 AU - Guericke, Martin CY - Göttingen KW - Solling Buche Lärche Mischwald Forstertrag Modell N1 - Zugl.: G=EF=BF=BDttingen, Univ., Diss., 2001 UBBW Hauptbibl. Lesesaal I-89382 Entlehnbar UBBW Dpt.Wald-,Bodenwiss. Waldwachstumsforschung 914-2477 am Inst. = fragen PB - Cuvillier PY - 2001 SN - 3-89873-122-7 SP - V, 220, XLVIII S. ST - Untersuchungen zur Wuchsdynamik von Mischbeständen aus  Buche und Europ. Lärche (Larix decidua, Mill.) als Grundlage für ein abstandsabhängiges Einzelbaumwachstumsmodell TI - Untersuchungen zur Wuchsdynamik von Mischbeständen aus  Buche und Europ. Lärche (Larix decidua, Mill.) als Grundlage für ein abstandsabhängiges Einzelbaumwachstumsmodell ID - 1192 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guggenberger, T., Bartelme N. PY - 2005 ST - GIS gestützte Modellierung der Nährstoffbilanzen österreichischer Grünlandflächen. Heft 43, Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt Raumberg – Gumpenstein. TI - GIS gestützte Modellierung der Nährstoffbilanzen österreichischer Grünlandflächen. Heft 43, Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt Raumberg – Gumpenstein ID - 1193 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Guggenberger, T. AU - N., Bartelme M1 - Heft 43 PB - Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt Raumberg – Gumpenstein PY - 2005 ST - GIS gestützte Modellierung der Nährstoffbilanzen österreichischer Grünlandflächen. Heft 43, Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt Raumberg – Gumpenstein. TI - GIS gestützte Modellierung der Nährstoffbilanzen österreichischer Grünlandflächen ID - 1194 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guisan, A. AU - Harrell, F. E. PY - 2000 SP - 617-626 ST - Ordinal response regression models in ecology. Journal of Vegetation Science 11: 617-626.Haberl, H., Aman, C., Bittermann, W., Erb, K.-H., Fischer-Kowalski, M., Geissler, S., Hüttler, W., Krausmann, F., Payer, H., Schandl, H.Schidler, S., Schulz, N., Weisz, H. und Winiwarter, V. (2001a): Die Kolonisierung der Landschaft. Indikatoren für nachhaltige Landnutzung. Schriftenreihe des Forschungsschwerpunktes Kulturlandschaftsforschung, Bd. 8. Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur, Wien. T2 - Journal of Vegetation Science TI - Ordinal response regression models in ecology VL - 11 ID - 1195 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guisan, A. AU - Harrell, F.E. PY - 2000 ST - Ordinal response regression models in ecology. Journal of Vegetation Science 11: 617-626.Haberl, H., Aman, C., Bittermann, W., Erb, K.-H., Fischer-Kowalski, M., Geissler, S., Hüttler, W., Krausmann, F., Payer, H., Schandl, H.Schidler, S., Schulz, N., Weisz, H. und Winiwarter, V. (2001a): Die Kolonisierung der Landschaft. Indikatoren für nachhaltige Landnutzung. Schriftenreihe des Forschungsschwerpunktes Kulturlandschaftsforschung, Bd. 8. Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur, Wien. TI - Ordinal response regression models in ecology. Journal of Vegetation Science 11: 617-626.Haberl, H., Aman, C., Bittermann, W., Erb, K.-H., Fischer-Kowalski, M., Geissler, S., Hüttler, W., Krausmann, F., Payer, H., Schandl, H.Schidler, S., Schulz, N., Weisz, H. und Winiwarter, V. (2001a): Die Kolonisierung der Landschaft. Indikatoren für nachhaltige Landnutzung. Schriftenreihe des Forschungsschwerpunktes Kulturlandschaftsforschung, Bd. 8. Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur, Wien ID - 1196 ER - TY - GEN AU - Gülkan, P. DA - Juli 29-31 LB - guelkan2002 PB - paper presented at Integrated Disaster Risk Management: Megacity Vulnerability and Resilience, Laxenburg, Austria: IIASA PY - 2002 ST - Setting the Stage for Urban Risk Mitigation: Seiesmic Risks and Compulsory Insurance Policy Issues in Turky TI - Setting the Stage for Urban Risk Mitigation: Seiesmic Risks and Compulsory Insurance Policy Issues in Turky ID - 1197 ER - TY - GEN AU - J., Gurtz AU - M., Zappa CY - Schweiz PB - ETH-Zürich PY - 2005 ST - Application training on hydrological models TI - Application training on hydrological models ID - 1198 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gurycova, D. PY - 1998 SP - 797-802 ST - First isolation of Francisella tularensis subsp. Tularensis in Europe. Europ. J. Epidem. T2 - Europ. J. Epidem TI - First isolation of Francisella tularensis subsp. Tularensis in Europe VL - 14 ID - 1199 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gurycova, D. PY - 1998 SP - 14, 797-802. ST - First isolation of Francisella tularensis subsp. Tularensis in Europe. Europ. J. Epidem. TI - First isolation of Francisella tularensis subsp. Tularensis in Europe. Europ. J. Epidem ID - 1200 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gurycova, D., Vyrostekova, V.: PY - 1998 ST - Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of tularemia. Antibiotica Monitor, tom. XIV, 3/4. TI - Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of tularemia. Antibiotica Monitor, tom. XIV, 3/4 ID - 1201 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gurycova, D. AU - V., Vyrostekova PY - 1998 SP - 3/4 ST - Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of tularemia. Antibiotica Monitor, tom. XIV, 3/4. T2 - Antibiotica Monitor TI - Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of tularemia VL - tom. XIV ID - 1202 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Guttman, N. B. LB - guttman1998 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1998 SP - 113-121 ST - Comparing the Palmer Drought Index and the Standardized Precipitation Index T2 - Journal of the American Water Resources Association TI - Comparing the Palmer Drought Index and the Standardized Precipitation Index VL - 34 ID - 1203 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Cebon, P. A2 - Dahinden, U. A2 - Davies, H. C. A2 - Imboden, D. A2 - Jaeger, C. C. AU - Gyalistras, D. AU - Schär, C. AU - Davies, H. C. AU - Wanner, H. LB - gyalistras1998 PB - Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press PY - 1998 SP - 171-223 ST - Future Alpine climate T2 - Views from the Alps. Regional Perspectives on Climate Change. TI - Future Alpine climate ID - 1204 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gyalistras, Dimitrios AU - Storch, Hans von AU - Fischlin, Andreas AU - Beniston, Martin LB - gyalistras1994 PY - 1994 SP - 167-189 ST - Linking GCM-simulated climatic changes to ecosystem models: case studies of statistical downscaling in the Alps T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Linking GCM-simulated climatic changes to ecosystem models: case studies of statistical downscaling in the Alps VL - 4 ID - 1205 ER - TY - JOUR AU - H, Zwander PY - 2000 SP - 32/2: 738-739. ST - Neue Daten zum Pollenflug des Traubenkrautes (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Klagenfurt (Kärnten). Linzer biol. Beitr. TI - Neue Daten zum Pollenflug des Traubenkrautes (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Klagenfurt (Kärnten). Linzer biol. Beitr ID - 1206 ER - TY - JOUR AU - H., KATAYAMA PY - 1997 ST - Effect of temperature on development and oviposition of western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Jap. Jour. of Applied Entomology and Zool-ogy 41(4), 225-231. TI - Effect of temperature on development and oviposition of western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Jap. Jour. of Applied Entomology and Zool-ogy 41(4), 225-231 ID - 1207 ER - TY - JOUR AU - H., Zwander PY - 2000 SP - 32/2: 738-739. ST - Neue Daten zum Pollenflug des Traubenkrautes (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Klagenfurt (Kärnten). Linzer biol. Beitr. TI - Neue Daten zum Pollenflug des Traubenkrautes (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Klagenfurt (Kärnten). Linzer biol. Beitr ID - 1208 ER - TY - JOUR AU - H.CHRISTENSEN, J. PY - 2004 ST - Prediction of Regional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining European Climate change risks and Effects. PRUDENCE EVK2-)CT2001-00132 –Final Report. http://prudence.dmi.dk TI - Prediction of Regional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining European Climate change risks and Effects. PRUDENCE EVK2-)CT2001-00132 –Final Report. http://prudence.dmi.dk ID - 1209 ER - TY - JOUR AU - H.V., DANKS PY - 1987 ST - Modes of seasonal adaptation in the Insects. Canad. Entomologist 110: 1167-1204 TI - Modes of seasonal adaptation in the Insects. Canad. Entomologist 110: 1167-1204 ID - 1210 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Haas, Patrick LB - haas03a PY - 2003 ST - Weather Generators T2 - Internal Report No. 15, Institute for Meteorology and Physics,BOKU Vienna. TI - Weather Generators ID - 1211 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Haas, R., P. Biermayr, L. Kranzl, A. Müller and E. Schriefl CY - Wien PB - Energy Economics Group PY - 2007 ST - Wärme und Kälte aus Erneuerbaren 2030 TI - Wärme und Kälte aus Erneuerbaren 2030 ID - 1212 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Haas, W. AU - Grünbühel, C. AU - Bodingbauer, B. PY - 2003 ST - Hochwasser-bedingte Veränderungen des gesellschaftlichen Stoffwechsels: Fallstudie einer betroffenen Gemeinde TI - Hochwasser-bedingte Veränderungen des gesellschaftlichen Stoffwechsels: Fallstudie einer betroffenen Gemeinde UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 1213 ER - TY - GEN AU - Haas, W. AU - Weisz, M. AU - Balas, S. AU - McCallum, S. AU - Lexer, W. AU - Pazdernik, K. AU - Prutsch, A. AU - Radunsky, K. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Schwarzl, I. CY - Wien PY - 2008 ST - Identifikation von Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich: 1. Phase TI - Identifikation von Handlungsempfehlungen zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich: 1. Phase ID - 1214 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haase, H. M. AU - Bogner, F. X. IS - 2 LB - haase2002 PY - 2002 SP - 75-94 ST - Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltbildung: Möglichkeiten Pädagogoschen Wirkens T2 - Natur und Kultur TI - Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltbildung: Möglichkeiten Pädagogoschen Wirkens VL - 3 ID - 1215 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haase, H.-M. AU - Bogner, F. X. IS - 2 LB - haase2002 PY - 2002 SP - 75-94 ST - Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltbildung: Möglichkeiten Pädagogoschen Wirkens T2 - Natur und Kultur TI - Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltbildung: Möglichkeiten Pädagogoschen Wirkens VL - 3 ID - 1216 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HAASE, H.-M. AU - BOGNER, F.X. PY - 2002 SE - 75 SP - 75-94 ST - Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltbildung. Möglichkeiten pädagogischen Wirkens T2 - Natur und Kultur TI - Nachhaltigkeit und Umweltbildung. Möglichkeiten pädagogischen Wirkens VL - 3/2 ID - 3523 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haberl, H. und Zangerl-Weisz H. PY - 1997 SP - S. 129-148 ST - Kolonisierende Eingriffe: Systematik und Wirkungsweise. – In: Fischer-Kowalski, M. (Hrsg.) Gesellschaftlicher Stoffwechsel und Kolonisierung von Natur. Ein Versuch in Sozialer Ökologie. Gordon & Breach Fakultas, Amsterdam. TI - Kolonisierende Eingriffe: Systematik und Wirkungsweise. – In: Fischer-Kowalski, M. (Hrsg.) Gesellschaftlicher Stoffwechsel und Kolonisierung von Natur. Ein Versuch in Sozialer Ökologie. Gordon & Breach Fakultas, Amsterdam ID - 1217 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haberl, H. und Zangerl-Weisz, H. PY - 1997 SP - S. 129-148 ST - Kolonisierende Eingriffe: Systematik und Wirkungsweise. – In: Fischer-Kowalski, M. (Hrsg.) Gesellschaftlicher Stoffwechsel und Kolonisierung von Natur. Ein Versuch in Sozialer Ökologie. Gordon & Breach Fakultas, Amsterdam. TI - Kolonisierende Eingriffe: Systematik und Wirkungsweise. – In: Fischer-Kowalski, M. (Hrsg.) Gesellschaftlicher Stoffwechsel und Kolonisierung von Natur. Ein Versuch in Sozialer Ökologie. Gordon & Breach Fakultas, Amsterdam ID - 1218 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haberl, H., Erb, K.-H., Krausmann, F., Loibl, W., Schulz, N.B. und Weisz, H. PY - 2001 SP - 15(4), 929-942 ST - Changes in Ecosystem Processes Induced by Land Use: Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production and Its Influence on Standing Crop in Austria. Global Biochemical Cycles. TI - Changes in Ecosystem Processes Induced by Land Use: Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production and Its Influence on Standing Crop in Austria. Global Biochemical Cycles ID - 1219 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur AU - Haberl, H. AU - Aman, C. AU - Bittermann, W. AU - Erb, K.-H. AU - Fischer-Kowalski, M AU - Geissler, S. AU - Hüttler, W. AU - Krausmann, F. AU - Payer, H. AU - Schandl, H. AU - Schidler, S. AU - Schulz, N. AU - Weisz, H. AU - Winiwarter, V. CY - Wien M1 - Bd. 8. PY - 2001 ST - Die Kolonisierung der Landschaft. Indikatoren für nachhaltige Landnutzung T2 - Schriftenreihe des Forschungsschwerpunktes Kulturlandschaftsforschung TI - Die Kolonisierung der Landschaft. Indikatoren für nachhaltige Landnutzung ID - 1220 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haberl, H. AU - H., Erb K. AU - F., Krausmann AU - W., Loibl AU - B., Schulz N. AU - H., Weisz PY - 2001 SP - 929-942 ST - Changes in Ecosystem Processes Induced by Land Use: Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production and Its Influence on Standing Crop in Austria. Global Biochemical Cycles. T2 - Global Biochemical Cycles TI - Changes in Ecosystem Processes Induced by Land Use: Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production and Its Influence on Standing Crop in Austria. VL - 15(4) ID - 1221 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - FloodRiskIi, Endbericht AU - Habersack, H., Bürgel, J. und Kanonier, A. PY - 2009 ST - FloodRisk II Vertiefung und Vernetzung zukunftsweisender Umsetzungsstrategien zum integrierten Hochwassermanagement TI - FloodRisk II Vertiefung und Vernetzung zukunftsweisender Umsetzungsstrategien zum integrierten Hochwassermanagement ID - 1222 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Habersack, H., Bürgel, J., Kanonier, A. und Stiefelmayer, H. PY - 2010 SP - 1-6 ST - FloodRisk I u. II: Grundlagen für ein integriertes Hochwassermanagement in Österreich T2 - Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft TI - FloodRisk I u. II: Grundlagen für ein integriertes Hochwassermanagement in Österreich VL - 62 ID - 1223 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Habersack, H. AU - Fuchs, H. PY - 2003 ST - Hochwasser 2002: Datenbasis der Schadensbilanz TI - Hochwasser 2002: Datenbasis der Schadensbilanz UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 1224 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Häckel, Hans CY - Stuttgart LB - haec93a PB - Verlag Eugen Ulmer PY - 1993 SP - 402 ST - Meteorologie T2 - UTB für Wissenschaft TI - Meteorologie ID - 1225 ER - TY - THES AU - V., Hackl ST - Anpassungsstrategien zur Begegnung der Auswirkungen des Klimawandels im österreichischen Tourismus TI - Anpassungsstrategien zur Begegnung der Auswirkungen des Klimawandels im österreichischen Tourismus VL - Mag ID - 1226 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The diversity and composition of soil bacterial communities were compared among six Austrian natural forests, including oak-hornbeam, spruce-fir-beech, and Austrian pine forests, using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP, or TRF) analysis and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA genes. The forests studied differ greatly in soil chemical characteristics, microbial biomass, and nutrient turnover rates. The aim of this study was to relate these differences to the composition of the bacterial communities inhabiting the individual forest soils. Both TRF profiling and clone sequence analysis revealed that the bacterial communities in soils under Austrian pine forests, representing azonal forest types, were distinct from those in soils under zonal oak-hornbeam and spruce-fir-beech forests, which were more similar in community composition. Clones derived from an Austrian pine forest soil were mostly affiliated with high-G+C gram-positive bacteria (49%), followed by members of the α-Proteobacteria (20%) and the Holophaga/Acidobacterium group (12%). Clones in libraries from oak-hornbeam and spruce-fir-beech forest soils were mainly related to the Holophaga/Acidobacterium group (28 and 35%), followed by members of the Verrucomicrobia (24%) and the α-Proteobacteria (27%), respectively. The soil bacterial communities in forests with distinct vegetational and soil chemical properties appeared to be well differentiated based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny. In particular, the outstanding position of the Austrian pine forests, which are determined by specific soil conditions, was reflected in the bacterial community composition. AU - Hackl, Evelyn AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Bodrossy, Levente AU - Sessitsch, Angela DA - September 1, 2004 DO - 10.1128/aem.70.9.5057-5065.2004 IS - 9 PY - 2004 SP - 5057-5065 ST - Comparison of Diversities and Compositions of Bacterial Populations Inhabiting Natural Forest Soils T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology TI - Comparison of Diversities and Compositions of Bacterial Populations Inhabiting Natural Forest Soils UR - http://aem.asm.org/content/70/9/5057.abstract VL - 70 ID - 1227 ER - TY - BOOK AU - HADATSCH, S. AU - KRATOCHVIL, R. AU - VABITSCH, A. AU - FREYER, B. AU - GÖTZ, B. CY - Wien PB - Umweltbundesamt PY - 2000 ST - Biologische Landwirtschaft im Marchfeld. Potenziale zur Entlastung des Natur- und Landschaftshaushaltes TI - Biologische Landwirtschaft im Marchfeld. Potenziale zur Entlastung des Natur- und Landschaftshaushaltes VL - Monographien Band 127 ID - 1228 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HAEBERLI, W. PY - 1973 SP - 221-227 ST - Die Basis-Temperatur der winterlichen Schneedecke als möglicher Indikator für die Verbreitung von Permafrost in den Alpen T2 - Zeitschr. Gletscherkunde Glazialgeologie TI - Die Basis-Temperatur der winterlichen Schneedecke als möglicher Indikator für die Verbreitung von Permafrost in den Alpen VL - 9 ID - 1229 ER - TY - THES AU - HAEBERLI, W. CY - Zürich PB - Universität Basel PY - 1975 ST - Untersuchungen zur Verbreitung von Permafrost zwischen Flügelpass und Piz Grialetsch (Graubünden) TI - Untersuchungen zur Verbreitung von Permafrost zwischen Flügelpass und Piz Grialetsch (Graubünden) VL - Dr. ID - 1230 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HAEBERLI, W. IS - 2 PY - 1992 SP - 111-124 ST - Construction, environmental problems and natural hazards in periglacial mountain belts T2 - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes TI - Construction, environmental problems and natural hazards in periglacial mountain belts VL - 3 ID - 1231 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haeberli, W. LB - haeb94 PY - 1994 SP - 102 ST - Accelerated Glacier and Permafrost Changes in the Alps, in Beniston M T2 - Mountain Environments in Changing Climates. Routledge TI - Accelerated Glacier and Permafrost Changes in the Alps, in Beniston M ID - 1232 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HAEBERLI, W. PY - 1999 SP - 11-30 ST - Hangstabilitätsprobleme im Zusammenhang mit Gletscherschwund und Permafrostdegradation im Hochgebirge T2 - Relief, Boden, Paläoklima TI - Hangstabilitätsprobleme im Zusammenhang mit Gletscherschwund und Permafrostdegradation im Hochgebirge VL - 14 ID - 1233 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Zürich, vdf Hochschulverlag an der ETH AU - HAEBERLI, W. AU - HÖLZLE, M. AU - J.P., DOUSSE AU - GARDAZ, J.M. AU - IMHOF, M. AU - KELLER, F. AU - P., KUNZ AU - R., LUGON. AU - REYNARD, E. CY - Zürich PY - 1996 ST - Simulation der Permafrostverbreitung in den Alpen mit geographischen Informationssystemen T2 - Arbeitsbericht NFP 31 TI - Simulation der Permafrostverbreitung in den Alpen mit geographischen Informationssystemen ID - 1234 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hamburg, HafenCity Hamburg & IBA CY - Hamburg PY - 2011 ST - Stadtküste Hamburg – Herausforderungen Stadtentwicklung und Hochwasserschutz T2 - Dokumentation zum IBA LABOR vom 4./5./6. Mai 2011 TI - Stadtküste Hamburg – Herausforderungen Stadtentwicklung und Hochwasserschutz ID - 1235 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hafner, F. PB - Ökologische Bildungsstätte Oberfranken PY - 1993 SP - 79-84 ST - Untersuchungen an den Rauhfußhühnern und dem Steinhuhn in den Hohen Tauern. Ökologische Bildungsstätte Oberfranken. TI - Untersuchungen an den Rauhfußhühnern und dem Steinhuhn in den Hohen Tauern. ID - 1236 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HAFNER, F. PY - 1993 SP - 79-84. ST - Untersuchungen an den Rauhfußhühnern und dem Steinhuhn in den Hohen Tauern. Ökologische Bildungsstätte Oberfranken. TI - Untersuchungen an den Rauhfußhühnern und dem Steinhuhn in den Hohen Tauern. Ökologische Bildungsstätte Oberfranken ID - 1237 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hahn, M. AU - K. Gartner, et al. PY - 2000 SP - 91-101 ST - “Greenhouse gas emissions (N2O, CO2 and CH4) from beech forests near Vienna with different water and nitrogen regimes.” T2 - Die Bodenkultur- Austrian Journal of Agricultural Research TI - “Greenhouse gas emissions (N2O, CO2 and CH4) from beech forests near Vienna with different water and nitrogen regimes.” VL - 51 ID - 1238 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hahn, M. AU - Boltenstern, S. Zechmeister - IS - 1 PY - 2000 SN - 0008-9583 SP - 1-16 ST - Treibhausgas-Emissionen aus Buchenwäldern: Unterscheidung der N2O-bildenden mikrobiellen Prozesse und Tagesgangmessungen T2 - Centralblatt für das gesamte Forstwesen TI - Treibhausgas-Emissionen aus Buchenwäldern: Unterscheidung der N2O-bildenden mikrobiellen Prozesse und Tagesgangmessungen VL - 117 ID - 1239 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haiden, T. LB - haiden1994 PY - 1994 SP - 47-62 ST - Eine optimierte Starkniederschlagsauswertung IV: Niederschlagsinterpolation unter Berücksichtigung orographischer Effekte. T2 - Mitt. Hydrogr. Dienst in Österr. TI - Eine optimierte Starkniederschlagsauswertung IV: Niederschlagsinterpolation unter Berücksichtigung orographischer Effekte VL - 72 ID - 1240 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haiden, T. LB - haiden2003 PY - 2003 SP - 191-193 ST - On the performance of ALADIN during the August 2002 floods. T2 - ALADIN Newsletter TI - On the performance of ALADIN during the August 2002 floods VL - 23 ID - 1241 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haiden, T., A. Kann, C. Wittmann, G. Pistotnik, B. Bica, and C. Gruber PY - 2011 SP - 166–183 ST - The Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analysis(INCA) systemand its validationover the eastern Alpine region T2 - Wea. Forecasting TI - The Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analysis(INCA) systemand its validationover the eastern Alpine region VL - 26 ID - 3583 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Haiden, T. AU - Hantel, M. LB - haiden1993 PB - Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften PY - 1993 SP - 2.1-2.56 ST - Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen Auf Österreich - Mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich TI - Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen Auf Österreich - Mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich ID - 1242 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Haiden, T. AU - Kann, A. PY - 2003 ST - Hochwasser 2002: Prognosegüte meteorologischer Vorhersagemodelle TI - Hochwasser 2002: Prognosegüte meteorologischer Vorhersagemodelle UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 1243 ER - TY - RPRT AU - HAIDEN, T. AU - KANN, A. AU - PISTOTNIK, G. AU - STADLBACHER, K. AU - WITTMANN, C. CY - Wien PY - 2009 SP - 60 ST - Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analyses (INCA) – System description T2 - ZAMG report TI - Integrated Nowcasting through Comprehensive Analyses (INCA) – System description ID - 1244 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haiden, T. AU - Kerschbaum, M. AU - Kahlig, P. AU - Nobilis, F. LB - haiden1992 PY - 1992 SP - 417-427 ST - A refined model of the influence of orography on the mesoscale distribution of extreme precipitation. T2 - Hydrol. Sci. J. TI - A refined model of the influence of orography on the mesoscale distribution of extreme precipitation VL - 37 ID - 1245 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haiden, T. AU - Schultheis, R. LB - haiden1995 PY - 1995 SP - 21-38 ST - Verfahren zur Abschätzung der Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen auf den Wasserhaushalt von Einzugsgebieten T2 - Mitt. Hydrogr. Dienst in österr. TI - Verfahren zur Abschätzung der Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen auf den Wasserhaushalt von Einzugsgebieten VL - 73 ID - 1246 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haiden, T. AU - Seidl, H. AU - Hermann, G. AU - Skoda, G. IS - 2 LB - haiden1997 PY - 1997 SP - 1-13 ST - Das Starkniederschlags-Ereignis 4.-8. Juli 1997 aus prognostischer Sicht T2 - ÖGM-Bulletin TI - Das Starkniederschlags-Ereignis 4.-8. Juli 1997 aus prognostischer Sicht VL - 97 ID - 1247 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haiden, T. AU - Stadlbacher, K. LB - haiden2002a PY - 2002 SP - 135-141. ST - Quantitative Prognose des Flächenniederschlags T2 - österr. Wasser- u. Abfallwirtschaft TI - Quantitative Prognose des Flächenniederschlags VL - 54 ID - 1248 ER - TY - CPAPER AU - Haider, W. CY - Vienna N1 - Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protected Areas PB - Arnberger, A., Brandenburg, C., Muhar, A. PY - 2002 TI - Stated Preference & Choice Models - A Versatile Alternative to Traditional Recreation Research ID - 1249 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Johnston, M. E. Twynam D. and Haider W. AU - Haider, W. AU - Anderson, D. A. AU - Daniel, T. C. AU - Louviere, J. J. AU - Orland, B. AU - Williams, M. CY - Thunder Bay N1 - (Eds.) PB - Centre for Northern Studies, Lakehead University PY - 1998 ST - Combining calibrated digital imagery and discrete choice experiments: An application to remote tourism in Northern Ontario TI - Combining calibrated digital imagery and discrete choice experiments: An application to remote tourism in Northern Ontario ID - 1250 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haider, W. AU - Rasid, H. IS - 4 J2 - Choice modeling for public involvement in environmental assessment (EA): Assessing municipal residents’ preferences for water supply options PY - 2002 SP - 337-360 ST - Choice modeling for public involvement in environmental assessment (EA): Assessing municipal residents’ preferences for water supply options T2 - Environmental Impact Assessment Review TI - Choice modeling for public involvement in environmental assessment (EA): Assessing municipal residents’ preferences for water supply options VL - 22 ID - 1251 ER - TY - WEB AU - Haigermoser, G. M1 - 3.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.gebaeudeinstallation.at/ireds-107751.html ID - 1252 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Study objective: This study investigated the relation between heat and mortality in London to determine the temperature threshold at which death rates increase and to quantify the effect of extreme temperatures on mortality.Design: Daily data on all cause mortality and temperature were obtained for a 21 year period and the relation between them investigated both graphically and by using non-parametric time series methods of analysis.Setting: Greater London.Participants: Daily mortality counts in Greater London between January 1976 and December 1996.Main results: A plot of the basic mortality-temperature relation suggested that a rise in heat related deaths began at about 19°C. Average temperatures above the 97th centile value of 21.5°C (excluding those days from a 15 day “heatwave” period in 1976) resulted in an increase in deaths of 3.34% (95% CI 2.47% to 4.23%) for every one degree increase in average temperature above this value. It was found that the 1976 heatwave resulted in a particularly large number of deaths in comparison with other hot periods.Conclusions: These results suggest that heat related deaths in London may begin at relatively low temperatures. Hot days occurring in the early part of any year may have a larger effect than those occurring later on; and analysis of separate heatwave periods suggest that episodes of long duration and of highest temperature have the largest mortality effect. AU - Hajat, S AU - Kovats, R S AU - Atkinson, R W AU - Haines, A DA - May 1, 2002 DO - 10.1136/jech.56.5.367 IS - 5 PY - 2002 SP - 367-372 ST - Impact of hot temperatures on death in London: a time series approach T2 - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health TI - Impact of hot temperatures on death in London: a time series approach UR - http://jech.bmj.com/content/56/5/367.abstract VL - 56 ID - 1253 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Background: Despite the high burden from exposure to both hot and cold weather each year in England and Wales, there has been relatively little investigation on who is most at risk, resulting in uncertainties in informing government interventions.Objective: To determine the subgroups of the population that are most vulnerable to heat-related and cold-related mortality.Methods: Ecological time-series study of daily mortality in all regions of England and Wales between 1993 and 2003, with postcode linkage of individual deaths to a UK database of all care and nursing homes, and 2001 UK census small-area indicators.Results: A risk of mortality was observed for both heat and cold exposure in all regions, with the strongest heat effects in London and strongest cold effects in the Eastern region. For all regions, a mean relative risk of 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02 to 1.03) was estimated per degree increase above the heat threshold, defined as the 95th centile of the temperature distribution in each region, and 1.06 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.06) per degree decrease below the cold threshold (set at the 5th centile). Elderly people, particularly those in nursing and care homes, were most vulnerable. The greatest risk of heat mortality was observed for respiratory and external causes, and in women, which remained after control for age. Vulnerability to either heat or cold was not modified by deprivation, except in rural populations where cold effects were slightly stronger in more deprived areas.Conclusions: Interventions to reduce vulnerability to both hot and cold weather should target all elderly people. Specific interventions should also be developed for people in nursing and care homes as heat illness is easily preventable. AU - Hajat, S AU - Kovats, R S AU - Lachowycz, K DA - February 1, 2007 DO - 10.1136/oem.2006.029017 IS - 2 PY - 2007 SP - 93-100 ST - Heat-related and cold-related deaths in England and Wales: who is at risk? T2 - Occupational and Environmental Medicine TI - Heat-related and cold-related deaths in England and Wales: who is at risk? UR - http://oem.bmj.com/content/64/2/93.abstract VL - 64 ID - 1254 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In an earlier study, the author found that the melanoma incidence stayed fairly constant after 30 years of age during the first part of the 20th century in several countries. All birth cohorts, however, continued to show increasing incidence from 1957 onwards, and also after the age of 30 years. Before 1957, cell damage in skin older than about 30 years thus did not seem to be able to generate melanoma, whereas cell damage sustained later could pose a melanoma risk for much longer durations. The objective of this study was to determine whether a suddenly reduced efficiency of the cell-repair system could mathematically explain the reported increase of melanoma incidence in Sweden since 1957. A statistical distribution was used to describe the probability of cell damage developing into melanoma vs. time. Also, the probability that such damaged cells would either be repaired or killed was described as a function of time. The total probability of acquiring melanoma over time was then modelled and compared with reported data to determine the distribution parameters. The model was able to mirror the reported data both before and after the point in time at which the skin-repair system was assumed to have been impaired. This study shows that a reduced efficiency of the cell-repairing mechanisms is capable of explaining the increasing trends of melanoma incidence that we have been noticing since the mid-20th century. Other cancer types also seem to have been affected. (C) 2008 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. AU - Hallberg, Örjan IS - 2 KW - FM broadcasting immunity melanoma radiation sun ultraviolet 00008469-200804000-00011 PY - 2008 SN - 0959-8278 SP - 147-152 10.1097/CEJ.0b013e3282b6fceb ST - A reduced repair efficiency can explain increasing melanoma rates T2 - European Journal of Cancer Prevention TI - A reduced repair efficiency can explain increasing melanoma rates UR - http://journals.lww.com/eurjcancerprev/Fulltext/2008/04000/A_reduced_repair_efficiency_can_explain_increasing.11.aspx VL - 17 ID - 1255 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Haller-Wedel, E. LB - haller1973 PB - Carl Hanser Verlag München PY - 1973 SP - 418 ST - Die Einflussgrößenrechnung in Theorie und Praxis TI - Die Einflussgrößenrechnung in Theorie und Praxis VL - III ID - 1256 ER - TY - BOOK AU - HALUSCHAN, M. AU - BINDREITER, B. PY - 2005 ST - Zuckerrüben auch 2005 von Rüsselkäfern stark bedroht TI - Zuckerrüben auch 2005 von Rüsselkäfern stark bedroht UR - http://www.agrana.at/at/de/Ruesselkaefer05.pdf ID - 1257 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hamburger, I PY - 1948 SP - 121 pp ST - Zur Adventivflora von Graz. Dissertation, Univ. of Graz. TI - Zur Adventivflora von Graz. Dissertation, Univ. of Graz ID - 1258 ER - TY - THES AU - Hamburger, I. PB - Dissertation, Univ. of Graz PY - 1948 SP - 121 ST - Zur Adventivflora von Graz. Dissertation, Univ. of Graz. TI - Zur Adventivflora von Graz. ID - 1259 ER - TY - THES AU - Hamr, J. PB - Diss. Univ. Innsbruck PY - 1984 ST - Home range sizes and determinant factors in habitat use and activity of teh chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) in northern Tyrol, Austria. Diss. Univ. Innsbruck TI - Home range sizes and determinant factors in habitat use and activity of teh chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) in northern Tyrol, Austria ID - 1260 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HAMR, J. PY - 1984 ST - Home range sizes and determinant factors in habitat use and activity of teh chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) in northern Tyrol, Austria. Diss. Univ. Innsbruck TI - Home range sizes and determinant factors in habitat use and activity of teh chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra L.) in northern Tyrol, Austria. Diss. Univ. Innsbruck ID - 1261 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Characteristics of tree species may uniquely situate them to withstand environmental changes. Paleoecological evidence indicates that the geographic ranges of tree species have expanded and contracted several times since the last glacial epoch in response to directional environmental changes. For most tree species, these range fluctuations have been accomplished without any apparent loss of genetic diversity. A possible explanation that distinguishes most trees from many herbaceous plants is that much of the genetic variation within tree species is found within rather than among their populations. Thus, the extinction of a relatively large proportion of a tree species' populations would result in relatively little overall loss of genetic diversity. Furthermore, phylogeographic studies indicate that for some tree species, habitat heterogeneity (elevation, slope aspect, moisture, etc.) in glacial refugia may have preserved adaptive genetic variation that, when recombined and exposed to selection in newly colonized habitats, gave rise to the local adaptation currently seen. The maintenance of genetic diversity in the face of extensive habitat fragmentation is also a concern. Many forest trees, however, may be buffered from the adverse effects of habitat fragmentation. First, the longevity of individual trees may retard population extinction and allow individuals and populations to survive until habitat recovery occurs. Second, considerable evidence is available that both animal and wind-pollinated tree species in fragments experience levels of pollen flow that are sufficient to counteract the effects of genetic drift. The combination of individual longevity, high intra-population genetic diversity and the potential for high rates of pollen flow should make tree species especially resistant to extinction and the loss of genetic diversity during changing environmental conditions. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Depts. of Plant Biology and Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States Hamrick, J.L. Depts. of Plant Biology and Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States email: hamrick@plantbio.uga.edu AU - Hamrick, J. L. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.05.023 IS - 1-3 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. 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Reducing worldwide emissions of CO2 requires multiple mitigation pathways, including reductions in energy consumption, more efficient use of available energy, the application of renewable energy sources, and sequestration. Sequestration is a major tool for managing carbon emissions. In a majority of cases CO2 is viewed as waste to be disposed; however, with advanced technology, carbon sequestration can become a value-added proposition. There are a number of potential opportunities that render sequestration economically viable. In this study, we review these most economically promising opportunities and pathways of carbon sequestration, including reforestation, best agricultural production, housing and furniture, enhanced oil recovery, coalbed methane (CBM), and CO2 hydrates. Many of these terrestrial and geological sequestration opportunities are expected to provide a direct economic benefit over that obtained by merely reducing the atmospheric CO2 loading. Sequestration opportunities in 11 states of the Southeast and South Central United States are discussed. Among the most promising methods for the region include reforestation and CBM. The annual forest carbon sink in this region is estimated to be 76 Tg C/year, which would amount to an expenditure of $11.1-13.9 billion/year. Best management practices could enhance carbon sequestration by 53.9 Tg C/year, accounting for 9.3% of current total annual regional greenhouse gas emission in the next 20 years. Annual carbon storage in housing, furniture, and other wood products in 1998 was estimated to be 13.9 Tg C in the region. Other sequestration options, including the direct injection of CO2 in deep saline aquifers, mineralization, and biomineralization, are not expected to lead to direct economic gain. More detailed studies are needed for assessing the ultimate changes to the environment and the associated indirect cost savings for carbon sequestration. © 2006 Springer-Verlag. AD - Institute for Clean Energy Technology, Mississippi State University, 205 Research Boulevard, Starkville, MS 39759, United States Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, United States Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, United States Han, F.X. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, United States email: han@icet.msstate.edu AU - Han, F. X. AU - Lindner, J. S. AU - Wang, C. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s00114-006-0170-6 IS - 3 J2 - Naturwissenschaften KW - Carbon sequestration Coalbed methane Enhanced oil recovery Mineralization carbon methane best management practice carbon dioxide carbon dioxide enrichment carbon sequestration carbon sink coalbed methane emission control gas hydrate greenhouse gas reforestation agriculture aquifer biomineralization carbon mineralization cost control economic evaluation environmental change environmental management environmental protection exhaust gas geographic distribution greenhouse effect housing oil industry review United States Agriculture Air Biomass Carbon Dioxide Environmental Monitoring Greenhouse Effect Vehicle Emissions North America LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):8 CODEN: NATWA PubMed ID: 17103136 Chemicals/CAS: carbon, 7440-44-0; methane, 74-82-8; Carbon Dioxide, 124-38-9; Vehicle Emissions References: Allen Jr, L.H., Baker, J.T., Boote, K.J., The CO2 fertilization effect: Higher carbohydrate production and retention as biomass and seed yield (1996) Global climate change and agricultural production, , Bazzaz F, Sombroek W eds, Food and Agricultural Organization and Wiley, London; Arnott, H.J., Calcification in higher plants (1974) The mechanisms of mineralization in the invertebrates and plants, , Watabe N, Wilbur KM eds, University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC; Barnes VE, Shock DA, Cunningham WA (1950) Utilization of Texas serpentine. 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AU - VORLET AU - M. CY - Zollikofen ET - 2. Aufl. N1 - (Hrsg.) PB - Landwirtschaftliche Lehrmittelzentrale PY - 1988 ST - Pflanzenschutz im Integrierten Ackerbau TI - Pflanzenschutz im Integrierten Ackerbau ID - 1264 ER - TY - THES AU - HANN, P. PY - 2001 ST - Regulierung des Stumpfblättrigen Wiesenampfers (Rumex obtusifolius, Polygonaceae) im Biologischen Landbau mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Ampferblattkäfers (Gastrophysa viridula, Chrysomelidae) T2 - Diplomarbeit an der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Wien TI - Regulierung des Stumpfblättrigen Wiesenampfers (Rumex obtusifolius, Polygonaceae) im Biologischen Landbau mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Ampferblattkäfers (Gastrophysa viridula, Chrysomelidae) ID - 1265 ER - TY - CONF A2 - al, Böhm H. et AU - HANN, P. AU - KROMP, B. CY - Braunschweig NV - Sonderheft 255, Strategien zur Regulierung von Wurzelunkräutern im ökologischen Landbau PB - Landbauforschung Völkenrode PY - 2003 SP - 73 - 78 ST - Der Ampferblattkäfer (Gastrophysa viridula Deg.) - ein natürlicher Gegenspieler des Stumpfblättrigen Wiesenampfers (Rumex obtusifolius) T2 - Expertenkolloquium am 18. und 19. Februar 2003 im Forum der FAL TI - Der Ampferblattkäfer (Gastrophysa viridula Deg.) - ein natürlicher Gegenspieler des Stumpfblättrigen Wiesenampfers (Rumex obtusifolius) ID - 1266 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HANN, P. AU - KROMP, B. PY - 2003 SP - 10 - 13 ST - Der Ampferblattkäfer (Gastrophysa viridula Deg.) - Ein Pflanzenfresser als Nützling in der biologischen Grünlandwirtschaft T2 - Entomologica Austriaca TI - Der Ampferblattkäfer (Gastrophysa viridula Deg.) - Ein Pflanzenfresser als Nützling in der biologischen Grünlandwirtschaft VL - 8 ID - 1267 ER - TY - CONF AU - HANN, P. AU - KROMP, B. CY - Wien PY - 2003 SP - 605 - 606 ST - Der Ampferblattkäfer (Gastrophysa viridula) als Möglichkeit zur biologischen Regulierung des Stumpfblättrigen Wiesenampfers (Rumex obtusifolius) T2 - 7. Wissenschaftstagung zum Ökologischen Landbau TI - Der Ampferblattkäfer (Gastrophysa viridula) als Möglichkeit zur biologischen Regulierung des Stumpfblättrigen Wiesenampfers (Rumex obtusifolius) ID - 1268 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HANN, P. AU - KROMP, B. IS - 1 - 6 PY - 2004 SP - 365 - 368 ST - Biologische Bekämpfung des Stumpfblättrigen Wiesenampfers (Rumex obtusifolius L.) durch Förderung des Ampferblattkäfers (Gastrophysa viridula DEG.) im niederösterreichischen Alpenvorland T2 - Mitt. Dtsch. Ges. Allg. Angew. Ent. TI - Biologische Bekämpfung des Stumpfblättrigen Wiesenampfers (Rumex obtusifolius L.) durch Förderung des Ampferblattkäfers (Gastrophysa viridula DEG.) im niederösterreichischen Alpenvorland VL - 14 ID - 1269 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Coutts, M.P. A2 - Grace, J. (eds.) AU - Hannah, P. AU - Palutikof, J.P. AU - Quine, C.P. CY - University of Edinburgh PY - 1995 SP - 113-130 ST - Predicting windspeeds for forest areas in complex terrain. T2 - Wind and Trees TI - Predicting windspeeds for forest areas in complex terrain. ID - 1270 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HANS, H. PY - 1959 SP - 343-386 ST - Beiträge zur Biologie von Sitona lineatus L. T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Beiträge zur Biologie von Sitona lineatus L VL - 44 ID - 1271 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HANSEN, W. PY - 1986 ST - Die Populationsdynamik von Blattläusen an Weizen in Abhängigkeit von der Qualität des Phloemsaftes bei unterschiedlicher N-Düngung T2 - Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Fachbereich Agrarwissenschaften. TI - Die Populationsdynamik von Blattläusen an Weizen in Abhängigkeit von der Qualität des Phloemsaftes bei unterschiedlicher N-Düngung ID - 1272 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hantel, M. AU - M, Ehrendorfer AU - Haslinger, A. LB - hant00 PY - 2000 SP - 615-640 ST - Climate Sensitivity of Snow cover duration in Austria T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Climate Sensitivity of Snow cover duration in Austria VL - 20 ID - 1273 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Harlfinger, O. PB - Gustav Fischer Verlag PY - 1985 ST - Bioklimatischer Ratgeber für Urlaub und Erholung TI - Bioklimatischer Ratgeber für Urlaub und Erholung ID - 1274 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Bodenschätzung, Klimareferat der österreichischen AU - HARLFINGER, O. AU - KNEES, G. CY - Innsbruck PB - Universitätsverlag Wagner PY - 1999 ST - Handbuch der Österreichischen Bodenschätzung, Klimatographie, Teil 1 TI - Handbuch der Österreichischen Bodenschätzung, Klimatographie, Teil 1 ID - 1275 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harlfinger, O. AU - Knees, G. LB - harlfinger1999 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1999 SP - 196 ST - Klimahandbuch der Oesterreichischen Bodenschätzung T2 - Mitteilung der Oesterreichischen Bodenkundlichen Gessellschaft. Heft TI - Klimahandbuch der Oesterreichischen Bodenschätzung VL - 58 ID - 1276 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Harlfinger, O. AU - Koch, E. AU - Scheifinger, H. CY - Innsbruck LB - harl02 PB - Universitätsverlag Wagner PY - 2002 ST - Klimahandbuch der Österreichischen Bodenschätzung TI - Klimahandbuch der Österreichischen Bodenschätzung ID - 1277 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To determine the impacts of climate change and defoliation on the community structure and plant diversity of a semi-natural temperate grassland, monoliths of a permanent grassland were exposed to ambient or elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (ambient + 235 ppmv) and temperature (ambient + 3°C) from October 1998 to December 2000. The monoliths were subjected to two different cutting frequencies, either two or six cuts per year. The grassland community structure changed during the course of the experiment and was more responsive to changes in management than to changes in climate. Increased cutting frequency stimulated plant diversity by enhancing the number of forb species, but plant diversity was not significantly affected by climate change. The contribution of individual plant species to the vegetation cover revealed species-specific responses to climate change and cutting frequency, but for most species significant interactions between climate change and cutting frequency were present. There were no clear-cut effects of treatments on the total annual yield and the proportion of forbs present, as significant interactions between climate change and cutting frequency occurred. It is concluded that differential grassland management will modify plant species-specific responses to climate change and resulting changes in the botanical composition of mixed-species, temperate grasslands. AU - Harmens, H. AU - Williams, P. D. AU - Peters, S. L. AU - Bambrick, M. T. AU - Hopkins, A. AU - Ashenden, T. W. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004.00414.x IS - 2 KW - biodiversity climate change cutting frequency forbs grasses grassland PY - 2004 SN - 1365-2494 SP - 144-156 ST - Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature on plant community structure of a temperate grassland are modulated by cutting frequency T2 - Grass and Forage Science TI - Impacts of elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature on plant community structure of a temperate grassland are modulated by cutting frequency UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004.00414.x VL - 59 ID - 1278 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harrington, R. AU - Fleming AU - R.A AU - Woiwood AU - I.P LB - harr01 PY - 2001 SP - 233-240 ST - Climate change impacts on insect management and conservation in temperate regions: can they be predicted? Agr T2 - For. Ent. TI - Climate change impacts on insect management and conservation in temperate regions: can they be predicted? Agr VL - 3 ID - 1279 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harrington, R. AU - Fleming AU - R.A. AU - Woiwood AU - I.P. LB - harr01 PY - 2001 SP - 233-240 ST - Climate change impacts on insect management and conservation in temperate regions: can they be predicted? Agr T2 - For. Ent. TI - Climate change impacts on insect management and conservation in temperate regions: can they be predicted? Agr VL - 3 ID - 1280 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harrington, R. AU - Woiwood AU - I.P AU - Sparks AU - T LB - harr99 PY - 1999 SP - 146-150 ST - Climate change and tropic interactions T2 - Trends in Ecology and Evolution TI - Climate change and tropic interactions ID - 1281 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harrington, R. AU - Woiwood AU - I.P. AU - Sparks AU - T. LB - harr99 PY - 1999 SP - 146-150 ST - Climate change and tropic interactions T2 - Trends in Ecology and Evolution TI - Climate change and tropic interactions ID - 1282 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HARRIS, C. AU - VONDER MÜHLL, D. AU - ISAKSEN, K. AU - HAEBERLI, W. AU - SOLLID, J.L. AU - KING, L. AU - HOLMLUND, P. AU - DRAMIS, F. AU - GUGLIELMIN, M. AU - PALACIOS, D. PY - 2003 SP - 215-225 ST - Warming Permafrost in European Mountains T2 - Global and Planetary Change TI - Warming Permafrost in European Mountains VL - 39 ID - 1283 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We present a review of the changing state of European permafrost within a spatial zone that includes the continuous high latitude arctic permafrost of Svalbard and the discontinuous high altitude mountain permafrost of Iceland, Fennoscandia and the Alps. The paper focuses on methodological developments and data collection over the last decade or so, including research associated with the continent-scale network of instrumented permafrost boreholes established between 1998 and 2001 under the European Union PACE project. Data indicate recent warming trends, with greatest warming at higher latitudes. Equally important are the impacts of shorter-term extreme climatic events, most immediately reflected in changes in active layer thickness. A large number of complex variables, including altitude, topography, insolation and snow distribution, determine permafrost temperatures. The development of regionally calibrated empirical-statistical models, and physically based process-oriented models, is described, and it is shown that, though more complex and data dependent, process-oriented approaches are better suited to estimating transient effects of climate change in complex mountain topography. Mapping and characterisation of permafrost depth and distribution requires integrated multiple geophysical approaches and recent advances are discussed. We report on recent research into ground ice formation, including ice segregation within bedrock and vein ice formation within ice wedge systems. The potential impacts of climate change on rock weathering, permafrost creep, landslides, rock falls, debris flows and slow mass movements are also discussed. Recent engineering responses to the potentially damaging effects of climate warming are outlined, and risk assessment strategies to minimise geological hazards are described. We conclude that forecasting changes in hazard occurrence, magnitude and frequency is likely to depend on process-based modelling, demanding improved understanding of geomorphological process-response systems and their impacts on human activity. AU - Harris, Charles AU - Arenson, Lukas U. AU - Christiansen, Hanne H. AU - Etzelmüller, Bernd AU - Frauenfelder, Regula AU - Gruber, Stephan AU - Haeberli, Wilfried AU - Hauck, Christian AU - Hölzle, Martin AU - Humlum, Ole AU - Isaksen, Ketil AU - Kääb, Andreas AU - Kern-Lütschg, Martina A. AU - Lehning, Michael AU - Matsuoka, Norikazu AU - Murton, Julian B. AU - Nötzli, Jeanette AU - Phillips, Marcia AU - Ross, Neil AU - Seppälä, Matti AU - Springman, Sarah M. AU - Vonder Mühll, Daniel IS - 3-4 KW - European permafrost climate change geothermal monitoring geothermal modelling geophysics slope stability permafost hazards permafrost engineering N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.12.002 PY - 2009 SN - 0012-8252 SP - 117-171 ST - Permafrost and climate in Europe: Monitoring and modelling thermal, geomorphological and geotechnical responses T2 - Earth-Science Reviews TI - Permafrost and climate in Europe: Monitoring and modelling thermal, geomorphological and geotechnical responses UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012825208001311 VL - 92 ID - 1284 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Harris, S. PB - Transworld PY - 2011 SN - 9781409011149 ST - The Moral Landscape TI - The Moral Landscape UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=1cXPRe63CR0C ID - 3524 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Härtel, E., S. Zechmeister - Boltenstern, et al. PY - 2002 SP - 23-30 ST - Gaseous nitrogen losses from a forest site in the north Tyrolean limestone alps. T2 - Environmental Science and Pollution research Special Issue TI - Gaseous nitrogen losses from a forest site in the north Tyrolean limestone alps. VL - 2 ID - 1285 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Härtel, Elisabeth AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Gerzabek, Martin LB - haertel:02 PY - 2002 SP - 23-30 ST - Gaseous nitrogen losses from a forest site in the North Tyrolean Limestone Alps T2 - Environmental Science and Pollution Research TI - Gaseous nitrogen losses from a forest site in the North Tyrolean Limestone Alps VL - Special Issue 2 ID - 1286 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HARTL W., ERHART E. PY - 2005 SP - 781-788 ST - Crop nitrogen recovery and soil nitrogen dynamics in a 10- year field experiment with biowaste compost T2 - J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci TI - Crop nitrogen recovery and soil nitrogen dynamics in a 10- year field experiment with biowaste compost VL - 168 ID - 1287 ER - TY - JOUR AU - W., HARTL AU - E., ERHART AU - Putz, B. PY - 2005 SP - 305-314 ST - Biowaste compost affects yield, nitrogen supply during the vegetation period and crop quality of agricultural crops T2 - Europ. J. Agron. TI - Biowaste compost affects yield, nitrogen supply during the vegetation period and crop quality of agricultural crops VL - 23 ID - 1288 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hartl, G. B. PY - 1987 SP - 34-–36 ST - Genetische Gefährdung des Alpensteinbocks? T2 - Der Anblick TI - Genetische Gefährdung des Alpensteinbocks? VL - 1 ID - 1289 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hartl, W. PB - BMLFUW PY - 2010 ST - Verluste der oberirdischen Biomasse von abfrostenden Begrünungspflanzen durch Ausgasung vor der Einarbeitung in den Boden T2 - Evaluierungssprojekt BMLFUW- LE.1.3.7/0013-II/5/2009, Endbericht TI - Verluste der oberirdischen Biomasse von abfrostenden Begrünungspflanzen durch Ausgasung vor der Einarbeitung in den Boden ID - 3347 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hartwig, N.L. AU - Ammon, H.U. PY - 2002 SP - 688– 699 ST - Cover crops and living mulches T2 - Weed Science TI - Cover crops and living mulches VL - 50 ID - 3348 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harvell, D. AU - Dobson AU - A LB - harv02 PY - 2002 SP - 2158-2162 ST - Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota T2 - Science TI - Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota VL - 29 ID - 1290 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harvell, D. AU - Dobson AU - A. LB - harv02 PY - 2002 SP - 2158-2162 ST - Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota T2 - Science TI - Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota VL - 29 ID - 1291 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In old growth forest ecosystems the carbon uptake and release is balanced for longer time periods and across larger forest areas. Carbon is fixed from the atmosphere through the photosynthesis process and released from decaying biomass. If we harvest biomass (e.g. trees) prior to the decaying process, use the timber for wood products and later on for energy production, the same amount of carbon is released to the atmosphere as stored by the plants. Thus the use of biomass is carbon neutral versus the carbon utilized from the lithosphere (gas, oil or coal). The purpose of this paper is to discuss the principles of a carbon balance as we may derive this from old growth forest ecosystems. The influence on the sink and source potential of old growth forests is discusses and how forest management may effect the carbon balance of forest ecosystems. AD - Institut für Waldbau, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Peter Jordan Straße 82, 1190 Wien, Austria Hasenauer, H. Institut für Waldbau, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Peter Jordan Straße 82, 1190 Wien, Austria email: hubert.hasenauer@boku.ac.at AU - Hasenauer, H. DB - Scopus IS - 1 J2 - Austrian J. For. Sci. KW - Austria Carbon Co2 balance Old growth forest biomass carbon balance energy efficiency forest ecosystem forest management harvesting lithosphere old-growth forest photosynthesis timber wood LA - German N1 - References: Allinger-Csollich, W., Hackl, J., Heckl, F., Hochbichler, E., Schwarzbauer, P., Schwarzl, B., Papierrecycling - Wald (2000) Umweltbundesamt, Monographien, 131, p. 234; (2010) Erneuerbare Energien - Daten und Fakten, p. 24. , BMWFJ - Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft, Familie und Jugend; Brown, S., Changes in the use and management of forests for abating carbon emissions: Issues and challenges under the kyoto protocol (2002) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 360 (1797), pp. 1593-1605; (2006) Holzeinschlag 2005, , http://www.lebensministerium.at, BMLFUW; Büchsenmeister, R., (2011) Vorrat, Zuwachs und Nutzung der Österreichischen Waldinvnetur, , http://bfw.ac.at/050/pdf/praxistag11-vorrat-buechsenmeister.pdf; Eder, A.H., (2000) Holzströme in der Österreichischen Volkswirtschaft, 41, p. 86. , Schriftenreihe des Institutes für Sozioökonomik der Forst- und Holzwirtschaft. Univ. für Bodenkultur; Hasenauer, H., Nemani, R.R., Schadauer, K., Running, S.W., Forest growth response to changing climate between 1961 and 1990 in Austria (1999) Forest Ecology and Management, 122 (3), pp. 209-219. , DOI 10.1016/S0378-1127(99)00010-9, PII S0378112799000109; Hasenauer, H., Merganicova, K., Pietsch, S.A., Modeling biogeochemical cycles within old-growth forest ecosystems (2005) Forest Snow and Landscape Research, 79 (1-2), pp. 81-90; Hasenauer, H., Pietsch, S.A., Bolhar-Nordenkampf, H.R., Durstberger, Th., Hermann, F., Smidt, St., Wachstumsänderungen durch ozon: Eine sensi- tivitätsstudie für fichten (2008) Straßenforschung, 573, pp. 3-66; Kischko, I., Dicke luft in Österreich (2007) Kurier Artikel Vom, , 18.1.2007. Seite 27; Korner, C., Schilcher, B., Pelaez-Riedl, S., (1993) Vegetation und Treibhausgasproblematik: Eine Beurteilung der Situation in Österreich Unter Besonderer Berücksichtigung der Kohlenstoffbilanz, , ÖAW (Hrsg.). 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Univ. für Bodenkultur; (2010) Energiebilanz 2008, , http://www.statistik.at/web_de/static/energiebilanz_2008_042382.xls, aus dem Internet am 15.11.2010 von; Thornton, P.E., (1998) Description of a Numerical Simulation Model for Predicting the Dynamics of Energy, Water, Carbon and Nitrogen in a Terrestrial Ecosystem, p. 280. , Ph.D. thesis. University of Montana, Missoula, MT; (1996) Vierter Umweltkontrollbericht, , Umweltbundesamt Umweltbundesamt Wien; Weiss, P., Schieler, K., Schadauer, K., Radunsky, K., Englisch, M., Die kohlenstoffbilanz des österreichischen waldes und betrachtungen zum kyoto protokoll (2000) Umweltbundesamtes Band, 106, p. 94 PY - 2011 SN - 03795292 SP - 33-52 ST - The carbon balance of forest ecosystems T2 - Überlegungen zur CO2-bilanz von waldökosystemen TI - The carbon balance of forest ecosystems UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79957775938&partnerID=40&md5=beeb06647bf2190698cb536c227cd3a1 VL - 128 ID - 1292 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Using 30 years of climate records from 20 weather stations, we investigate the magnitude of temperature and precipitation change, and change in the length of the growing season between 1961 and 1990. Special attention is paid to the period between 1981 and 1990, because recent research suggests that, during this time span, forest productivity may have increased in the northern latitudes. In order to understand the importance of changes in climate on forest growth, we use the ecosystem model FOREST-BGC as a diagnostic tool to predict the annual net primary production (NPP). The results of our study indicate: no change in precipitation between 1961 and 1990; a significant (α = 0.05) increase in mean annual temperature of 0.72°C, mean annual minimum temperature (0.80°C), winter temperature (2.36°C) as well as an increase in the length of the temperature-controlled growing season by 11 days, resulting in a significant increase in diameter increment obtained from 1179 cores of Norway spruce across Austria. The trends in NPP are consistent with observed increment rates validating the use of biogeochemical modeling as a diagnostic tool to search for possible causes on changing environmental conditions. AD - Institute of Forest Growth Research, Univ. F. Bodenkultur, Peter J., A-1190 Vienna, Austria Numer. Terradynamic Simulat. G., Sch. of Forest., Univ. of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, United States Austrian Fed. Forest Research Center, Seckendorff-Gudentweg 8, A-1131 Vienna, Austria Hasenauer, H. Institute of Forest Growth Research, Universitat fur Bodenkultur, Peter Jordan Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria email: hasenau@edv1.boku.ac.at AU - Hasenauer, H. AU - Nemani, R. R. AU - Schadauer, K. AU - Running, S. W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S0378-1127(99)00010-9 IS - 3 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Climate change FOREST-BGC model Growth and yield Growth trends Norway spruce climate change forest ecosystem growing season growth response LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 51 CODEN: FECMD References: Auer, I., Niederschlagsschwankungen in Österreich seit Beginn der instrumentellen Beobachtungen durch die Zentralanstalt für Meterologie und Geodynamamik (1993) In: Österreichische Beiträge Zu Meterologie und Geophysik, 7, p. 73. , Zentralanstalt für Meterologie und Geodynamik, Wien. Publ. No. 351; Auer, I., Böhm, R., Combined temperature-precipitation variations in Austria during the instrumental period (1994) Theor. Appl. Clim., 49, pp. 161-174; Becker, M., The role of climate on present and past vitality of sliver fir forests in the Vosges mountains of northeastern France (1989) Can. J. For. 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Budesversuchsanstalt Wien; Groisman, P.Y., Karl, T.R., Knight, R.W., Observed impact of snow cover on the heat balance and the rise of continental spring temperatures (1994) Science, 263, pp. 198-200; Jacoby, G.C., D'Arrigo, R.D., Davaajamts, T., Mongolian tree rings and 20th-century warming (1996) Science, 273, pp. 771-773; Johann, K., Eine neue Jahrringmeßanalge für Bohrkerne und Stammscheiben (1977) Forstachiv., 48 (10), pp. 204-206; Katzensteiner, K., Glatzel, G., Causes of magnesium deficiency in forest ecosystems (1998) Magnesium Deficiency in Forest Ecosystems, pp. 227-251. , In: Hüttl, R.F., Schaaf, W. (Eds.) 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Gestern – Heute – Morgen ID - 1295 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hättenschwiler, S. AU - Schafellner AU - C LB - haet99 PY - 1999 SP - 210-217 ST - Opposing effects of elevated CO2 and N deposition on Lymantria monacha larvae feeding on spruce trees T2 - Oecologia TI - Opposing effects of elevated CO2 and N deposition on Lymantria monacha larvae feeding on spruce trees VL - 11 ID - 1296 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hättenschwiler, S. AU - Schafellner AU - C LB - haet03 PY - 2004 SP - 1899-1908 ST - Gypsy moth feeding in the canopy of a CO2 enriched mature forest T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Gypsy moth feeding in the canopy of a CO2 enriched mature forest VL - 10 ID - 1297 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hättenschwiler, S. AU - Schafellner AU - C. LB - haet99 PY - 1999 SP - 210-217 ST - Opposing effects of elevated CO2 and N deposition on Lymantria monacha larvae feeding on spruce trees T2 - Oecologia TI - Opposing effects of elevated CO2 and N deposition on Lymantria monacha larvae feeding on spruce trees VL - 11 ID - 1298 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hättenschwiler, S. AU - Schafellner AU - C. LB - haet03 PY - 2004 SP - 1899-1908 ST - Gypsy moth feeding in the canopy of a CO2 enriched mature forest T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Gypsy moth feeding in the canopy of a CO2 enriched mature forest VL - 10 ID - 1299 ER - TY - JOUR AB - AUPHEP was started in 1999 as a 5 years program to investigate the situation of the atmospheric aerosol with respect to effects on human health. At four different sites in Austria (3 urban and one rural site) an extended monitoring program was conducted for PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 as well as particle number concentration for 12 months each. Beside continuous measurements using TEOM and beta attenuation high-volume sampling of PM2.5 and PM10 provided samples for chemical analyses of various ions, heavy metals and organic compounds. Furthermore, carbonaceous material (TC, EC, OC) year round and PAHs on selected days were analyzed. From collocated public monitoring stations also pollutant gases (SO2, NO, NO2, O3, CO) and meteorological components are available. In winter and summer campaigns aerosol size spectra including chemical components were measured for at least one week each. All data are collected in a project data base (CD-ROM). While extensive data analysis will be presented in following papers, some general results are presented within this paper: annual averages for PM1 are between 10 and 20 [mu]g m-3, for PM2.5 between 15 and 26 mg m-3 and for PM10 between 20 and 38 [mu]g m-3. Number concentrations are between 10,000 and 30,000 cm-3. Urban concentrations are usually higher in winter, rural concentrations in summer. PM2.5 is in average around 70% of PM10, for PM1 this fraction is about 57%. Several studies on health effects are included in this project: a cross-sectional study on preschool and school children regarding lung function measurements and questionnaires about respiratory impairment in the surrounding area of the monitoring sites as well as time series studies on mortality and respiratory morbidity on the general population. AU - Hauck, H. AU - Berner, A. AU - Frischer, T. AU - Gomiscek, B. AU - Kundi, M. AU - Neuberger, M. AU - Puxbaum, H. AU - Preining, O. IS - 24 KW - Atmospheric aerosol PM-fractions Particle mass concentration Particle number concentration Chemical composition Urban Rural Health effects N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.09.080 PY - 2004 SN - 1352-2310 SP - 3905-3915 ST - AUPHEP--Austrian Project on Health Effects of Particulates--general overview T2 - Atmospheric Environment TI - AUPHEP--Austrian Project on Health Effects of Particulates--general overview UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231004002985 VL - 38 ID - 1300 ER - TY - DBASE AU - Hauer, G. DA - 28.06.2011 PB - http://www.arge.at/file/000564.pdf PY - 2007 TI - Der Klimawandel und seine Auswirkungen ID - 1301 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - HAUK, E. CY - BFW Praxis Information PY - 2011 SP - 17-21 ST - Biodiversität in Österreichs Wald TI - Biodiversität in Österreichs Wald UR - http://bfw.ac.at/db/bfwcms.web?dok=8384 (abgerufen am 22.03.2013) VL - 24 ID - 1302 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haun, J. R. LB - haun83 PY - 1983 SP - 10 ST - Mathematical Models in Agrometeorology T2 - CAgM Report TI - Mathematical Models in Agrometeorology VL - 14 ID - 1303 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hausmann, P. CY - Zürich, Schweiz LB - hausmann1998 PB - Schweizerische Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft PY - 1998 ST - Überschwemmungen: Ein Versicherbares Risiko? TI - Überschwemmungen: Ein Versicherbares Risiko? ID - 1304 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Summary The influence of soil moisture content and soil water potential on plant water potential, transpiration and net-photosynthesis of potted larch (Larix decidua), spruce (Picea abies) and pine (Pinus cembra) was studied under constant and close to optimum conditions in a laboratory. AU - Havranek, W. AU - Benecke, U. DO - 10.1007/BF02149911 IS - 1 KW - Biomedical and Life Sciences PY - 1978 SN - 0032-079X SP - 91-103 ST - The influence of soil moisture on water potential, transpiration and photosynthesis of conifer seedlings T2 - Plant and Soil TI - The influence of soil moisture on water potential, transpiration and photosynthesis of conifer seedlings UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02149911 VL - 49 ID - 1305 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hayek, H., Flamm, H. PY - 1967 SP - 32-34, 765-767. ST - Zum Problem der Reservoirtiere der Tularämieerreger im Marchfeld. Wien. Med. Wschr. TI - Zum Problem der Reservoirtiere der Tularämieerreger im Marchfeld. Wien. Med. Wschr ID - 1306 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hayek, H. AU - H., Flamm PY - 1967 SP - 765-767 ST - Zum Problem der Reservoirtiere der Tularämieerreger im Marchfeld. Wien. Med. Wschr. T2 - Wien. Med. Wschr TI - Zum Problem der Reservoirtiere der Tularämieerreger im Marchfeld. VL - 32-34 ID - 1307 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Haylock, M.R., Hofstra, N., Klein Tank, A.M.G., Klok, E.J., Jones, P.D. and New, M. DO - 10.1029/2008jd010201 PY - 2008 SP - D20119 ST - A European daily high-resolution gridded data set of surface temperature and precipita-tion for 1950-2006 T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research TI - A European daily high-resolution gridded data set of surface temperature and precipita-tion for 1950-2006 VL - 113 ID - 3584 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hayn, Doris. AU - Schultz, Irmgard. CY - Frankfurt am Main PY - 2002 ST - Gender Impact Assessment im Bereich Strahlenschutz und Umwelt - Zwischenbericht. Im Auftrag des BMU TI - Gender Impact Assessment im Bereich Strahlenschutz und Umwelt - Zwischenbericht. Im Auftrag des BMU ID - 3631 ER - TY - RPRT AU - –Gumpenstein, HBFLA Raumberg DO - ISSN: 1026- 6267, ISBN: 3-901980-87-3 PY - 2006 SP - 255 ST - Bericht über das 2. Klimaseminar TI - Bericht über das 2. Klimaseminar ID - 1308 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Joyce, Linda A. A2 - Birdsey, Richard A4 - Usda, F. S. AU - Heath, Linda S AU - Smith, James E CY - Rocky Mountains Research Station Fort Collins CO, Tech Rep RMRS-GTR-59 LB - heath:00 N1 - carbon PB - USDA Forest Service USDA-FS PY - 2000 SP - 89-101 ST - Soil carbon accounting and assumptions for forestry and forest-related land use change T2 - The impact of climate change on America's forests: a technical document supporting the 2000 USDA Forest Service RPA assessment TI - Soil carbon accounting and assumptions for forestry and forest-related land use change ID - 1309 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HEATHCOTE, G. D. AU - COCKBAIN, A. J. PY - 1966 SP - 321-336 ST - Aphids from mangold clumps and their importance as vectors of beet viruses T2 - Annals of applied biology TI - Aphids from mangold clumps and their importance as vectors of beet viruses VL - 57 ID - 1310 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hebauer, F. LB - heba86 PY - 1986 SP - 55-65 ST - Käfer als Bioindikatoren dargestellt am Ökosystem Bergbach T2 - Laufener Seminarbeiträge, ANL TI - Käfer als Bioindikatoren dargestellt am Ökosystem Bergbach VL - 7/83 ID - 1311 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hebeisen, T., Lüscher, A., Zanetti, S., Fischer, B.U., Hartwig, U.A., Frehner, M., Hendrey, G.R., Blum, H. and J. Nösberger PY - 1997 SP - 149–160 ST - The different responses of Trifolium repens L. and Lolium perenne L. grassland to free air CO2 enrichment and management. T2 - Global Change Biology TI - The different responses of Trifolium repens L. and Lolium perenne L. grassland to free air CO2 enrichment and management VL - 3 ID - 1312 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hedderich, J. AU - Sachs, L. PB - Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg PY - 2011 SE - 702 SN - 978-3-642-24400-1 ST - Angewandte Statistik – Methodensammlung mit R TI - Angewandte Statistik – Methodensammlung mit R ID - 1313 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract 1 To maintain biodiversity in managed spruce forests in Sweden more wind-felled trees must be retained. However, there is concern among forest owners that this may result in higher tree mortality caused by the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (L.) (Col. Scolytidae). 2 To simulate wind-felled trees, living spruce trees were cut at spruce stand edges bordering fresh clear-cuttings. Treatments comprised edges with zero, one or five cut trees colonized by I. typographus. Edges with naturally wind-felled trees colonized by I. typographus were also included in the analyses. 3 During the two following summers, the number of trees killed by I. typographus did not differ between edges with and without felled trees, or between edges with one or five felled trees. 4 Within edges with felled trees, there were more killed trees close to the felled trees than at other parts of the edges. Thus, felled trees provided focal points for attacks within edges. 5 It is concluded that small numbers of wind-felled trees colonized by I. typographus may be left near spruce stand edges without increasing the risk of beetle-induced tree mortality. AU - Hedgren, Per Olof AU - Schroeder, L. Martin AU - Weslien, Jan DO - 10.1046/j.1461-9563.2003.00164.x IS - 1 KW - Dead wood Ips typographus Norway spruce Picea abies spruce bark beetle stand edge tree killing wind-felled PY - 2003 SN - 1461-9563 SP - 67-74 ST - Tree killing by Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) at stand edges with and without colonized felled spruce trees T2 - Agricultural and Forest Entomology TI - Tree killing by Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) at stand edges with and without colonized felled spruce trees UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1461-9563.2003.00164.x VL - 5 ID - 1314 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Soil acidification was assessed in the Eastern Sudetes Mountains (Czech Republic) between 1941 and 2003, i.e. before and after the period of major industrial pollution (1950s-1990s). The twenty sites included in our study were distributed along a gradient of altitude ranging 1000 m. Values of pH have decreased in 80-90% of the pairs of samples after the six decades, on average by 0.7 for pH-H 2O and 0.6 for pH-KCl. Organic matter increased in the topsoil, probably reflecting a change in decomposition conditions. The most important finding is that the acidification varies along the joint gradient of altitude/tree layer composition, and displays a changing pattern in three soil horizons (A, B and C). Contrary to expectations, most acidified were soils in beech forests at lower elevations. © 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. AD - Department of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Lidická 25/27, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic Department of Geobotany, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Zámek 1, CZ-252 43 Prhonice, Czech Republic Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-165 21 Praha 6, Czech Republic Hédl, R. Department of Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Lidická 25/27, CZ-602 00 Brno, Czech Republic email: radim.hedl@ibot.cas.cz AU - Hédl, R. AU - Petřík, P. AU - Boublík, K. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.06.014 IS - 10 J2 - Environ. Pollut. 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LB - hewi1992a PY - 1992 SP - 249-267 ST - Regional climate prediction from the GISS GCM T2 - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology TI - Regional climate prediction from the GISS GCM VL - 97 ID - 1338 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hewitson, B.C. AU - Crane, R.G. DA - November LB - hewitson1996 N1 - verwenden neuronaler netze zum downscalen von 2xco2; didaktisch; PY - 1996 SP - 85-95 ST - Climate downscaling: techniques and application T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Climate downscaling: techniques and application VL - 7 ID - 1339 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hewitson, B. AU - Crane, R. G. LB - hewitson1991 PY - 1991 SP - 1002-1011 ST - Regional climates in the GISS global circulation model: synoptic-scale-circulation T2 - J. Climate TI - Regional climates in the GISS global circulation model: synoptic-scale-circulation VL - 5 ID - 1340 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hewitt, G. LB - hewi00 PY - 2000 SP - 907-913 ST - The genetic legacy of the quaternary ice ages T2 - Nature TI - The genetic legacy of the quaternary ice ages VL - 40 ID - 1341 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Heyen, H. AU - Fock, H. AU - Greve, W. IS - 3 LB - heye1998a PY - 1998 SP - 179--191 ST - Detecting relationships between the interannual variability in ecological timeseries and climate using a multivariate statistical approach - case study for Helgoland Roads zooplankton. T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Detecting relationships between the interannual variability in ecological timeseries and climate using a multivariate statistical approach - case study for Helgoland Roads zooplankton VL - 10 ID - 1342 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Heyen, H. AU - Fock AU - H AU - Greve AU - W LB - heye98 PY - 1998 SP - 179-191 ST - Detecting relationships between the interannual variability in ecological timeseries and climate using a multivariate statistical approach - case study for Helgoland Roads zooplankton T2 - Clim. Res TI - Detecting relationships between the interannual variability in ecological timeseries and climate using a multivariate statistical approach - case study for Helgoland Roads zooplankton VL - 10 ID - 1343 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Heyen, H. AU - Fock AU - H. AU - Greve AU - W. LB - heye98 PY - 1998 SP - 179-191 ST - Detecting relationships between the interannual variability in ecological timeseries and climate using a multivariate statistical approach - case study for Helgoland Roads zooplankton T2 - Clim. Res TI - Detecting relationships between the interannual variability in ecological timeseries and climate using a multivariate statistical approach - case study for Helgoland Roads zooplankton VL - 10 ID - 1344 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Heyer, Ernst ET - 9 LB - heye93a PB - Teubner Verlagsgesellschaft PY - 1993 SP - 344 ST - Witterung und Klima: eine allgemeine Klimatologie TI - Witterung und Klima: eine allgemeine Klimatologie ID - 1345 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Heymann, E. PY - 2007 SP - 388 ff. ST - Klimawandel und Branchen: Manche mögen's heiß! T2 - Deutsche Bank Research TI - Klimawandel und Branchen: Manche mögen's heiß! ID - 1346 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hill, J. K. AU - R, Fox LB - hill03 PY - 2003 SP - 106-110 ST - Climate change and British butterfly distributions T2 - Biologist TI - Climate change and British butterfly distributions VL - 50 ID - 1347 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HILTERHAUS, V. PY - 1965 SP - 257 - 295 ST - Biologisch-ökologische Untersuchungen an Blattkäfern der Gattungen Lema und Gastroidea (Chrysomelidae, Col.). (Ein Beitrag zur Agrarökologie) T2 - Z. Angew. Zoologie TI - Biologisch-ökologische Untersuchungen an Blattkäfern der Gattungen Lema und Gastroidea (Chrysomelidae, Col.). (Ein Beitrag zur Agrarökologie) VL - 52 ID - 1348 ER - TY - CONF A2 - HINTERSTOISSER, H. A2 - HEISELMAYER, P. A2 - GRABNER, S. AU - HINTERSTOISSER, H. CY - Salzburg PY - 2007 SP - 9-12 ST - Rolle des Biotopverbundes für Landschaft und Biodiversität T2 - Biotopverbund – Lebensraumvernetzung TI - Rolle des Biotopverbundes für Landschaft und Biodiversität ID - 1349 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Snow is an important ecological factor limiting vegetation distribution, growth, and regeneration, and the importance of snow in the latitudes of Central Europe is expected to increase in the future. We assessed snow damage to secondary spruce stands (not of native provenance therefore not adapted to local conditions) in a mountainous region of 14500 ha in Central Europe (Moravian–Silesian Beskids, Czech Republic). We used neural networks-based regression modeling to study the relationship between stand and environmental parameters and four types of snow damage (top tree, crown, and stem breakage, and uprooting) that occurred during heavy snowfalls in winter 2005/2006 and 2009. Almost 40000 trees were sampled in 345 plots after each of these two events. The results suggest that parameters that can be controlled by forest management (mainly stand density and taper) were not closely associated with spruce forest resistance to snow damage. Investigated snow damage types were primarily related to the developmental stage of the stand, as indicated by stand volume, age, height, and diameter. Damage in 2009, which was caused by shorter-lasting and lower snow loads than the damage in 2005/2006, was also associated with elevation and snow depth. The response of snow damage to all stand development-related variables was clearly unimodal. We infer that forest management can reduce snow damage to secondary spruce forests in Central Europe only to a limited extent, especially under heavy snow loads. This conclusion is supported by the heavy snows that have frequently fallen on forests in Central Europe in the past and the projected increase in winter precipitation in mid- and northern latitudes; thereby increasing snow damage to forest in the future. Therefore, managers of such spruce forests should not specifically consider forest resistance to snow damage but should apply general practices that maintain forest health and productivity. AU - Hlásny, Tomáš AU - Křístek, Štěpán AU - Holuša, Jaroslav AU - Trombik, Jiří AU - Urbaňcová, Naděžda DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.08.005 IS - 12 KW - Norway spruce Snow damage types Stand characteristic Environmental parameters Forest management Neural networks-based regression modeling PY - 2011 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 2151-2161 ST - Snow disturbances in secondary Norway spruce forests in Central Europe: Regression modeling and its implications for forest management T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Snow disturbances in secondary Norway spruce forests in Central Europe: Regression modeling and its implications for forest management UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112711004804 VL - 262 ID - 1350 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We studied the effects of tree species on leaf litter decomposition and forest floor dynamics in a common garden experiment of 14 tree species (Abies alba, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica, Larix decidua, Picea abies, Pinus nigra, Pinus sylvestris, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercus robur, Quercus rubra, and Tilia cordata) in southwestern Poland. We used three simultaneous litter bag experiments to tease apart species effects on decomposition via leaf litter chemistry vs. effects on the decomposition environment. Decomposition rates of litter in its plot of origin were negatively correlated with litter lignin and positively correlated with mean annual soil temperature (MATsoil) across species. Likewise, decomposition of a common litter type across all plots was positively associated with MATsoil, and decomposition of litter from all plots in a common plot was negatively related to litter lignin but positively related to litter Ca. Taken together, these results indicate that tree species influenced microbial decomposition primarily via differences in litter lignin (and secondarily, via differences in litter Ca), with high-lignin (and low-Ca) species decomposing most slowly, and by affecting MATsoil, with warmer plots exhibiting more rapid decomposition. In addition to litter bag experiments, we examined forest floor dynamics in each plot by mass balance, since earthworms were a known component of these forest stands and their access to litter in litter bags was limited. Forest floor removal rates estimated from mass balance were positively related to leaf litter Ca (and unrelated to decay rates obtained using litter bags). Litter Ca, in turn, was positively related to the abundance of earthworms, particularly Lumbricus terrestris. Thus, while species influence microbially mediated decomposition primarily through differences in litter lignin, differences among species in litter Ca are most important in determining species effects on forest floor leaf litter dynamics among these 14 tree species, apparently because of the influence of litter Ca on earthworm activity. The overall influence of these tree species on leaf litter decomposition via effects on both microbial and faunal processing will only become clear when we can quantify the decay dynamics of litter that is translocated belowground by earthworms. © 2006 by the Ecological Society of America. AD - Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Dendrology, PL-62-035 Kornik, Poland AU - Hobbie, S. E. AU - Reich, P. B. AU - Oleksyn, J. AU - Ogdahl, M. AU - Zytkowiak, R. AU - Hale, C. AU - Karolewski, P. IS - 9 KW - Calcium Decomposition Earthworms Lignin Litter N-immobilization Poland Trees N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 84 Export Date: 15 July 2011 Source: Scopus PY - 2006 SP - 2288-2297 ST - Tree species effects on decomposition and forest floor dynamics in a common garden T2 - Ecology TI - Tree species effects on decomposition and forest floor dynamics in a common garden UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33748539025&partnerID=40&md5=1679001f561b7a7d8e78f06ef721acf7 VL - 87 ID - 1351 ER - TY - GEN AU - Hochbichler, E. CY - unveröffentlicht PB - Institut für Waldbau PY - 2008 SP - 69 ST - Buche - Wertschöpfung. 1. Projektzwischenbericht TI - Buche - Wertschöpfung. 1. Projektzwischenbericht ID - 1352 ER - TY - GEN AU - Hochbichler, E. AU - Bellos, P. PB - Studie im Auftrag von: LFD und LLWK Niederösterreich, LFD und LK Oberösterreich PY - 2004 ST - Waldbauliches Behandlungskonzept für Jungbestände im nördlichen Alpenvorland (Inventur, Analyse und Pflegekonzept) TI - Waldbauliches Behandlungskonzept für Jungbestände im nördlichen Alpenvorland (Inventur, Analyse und Pflegekonzept) ID - 1353 ER - TY - BOOK AU - HOCHSTRASSER, M. PY - 2005 ST - Kartoffeln / Soja / Mais TI - Kartoffeln / Soja / Mais UR - http://www.strickhof.ch/index.php?id=970 ID - 1354 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hodkinson, D. J. AU - Thompson AU - K LB - hodk97 PY - 1997 SP - 1484-1496 ST - Plant dispersal: the role of man T2 - J. Appl. Ecol. TI - Plant dispersal: the role of man VL - 34 ID - 1355 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hodkinson, D.J. AU - Thompson AU - K. LB - hodk97 PY - 1997 SP - 1484-1496 ST - Plant dispersal: the role of man T2 - J. Appl. Ecol. TI - Plant dispersal: the role of man VL - 34 ID - 1356 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hofer, E. PY - 1998 SP - 11-13 ST - Tularämie in Österreich. Weidwerk, Heft 7, 11-13. T2 - Weidwerk TI - Tularämie in Österreich VL - Heft 7 ID - 1357 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hofer, E. PY - 1998 ST - Tularämie in Österreich. Weidwerk, Heft 7, 11-13. TI - Tularämie in Österreich. Weidwerk, Heft 7, 11-13 ID - 1358 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hofer, E. PY - 2002 SP - 1-9 ST - Epidemiologie, Klinik und mikrobiologische Diagnostik der Tularämie. Anti-biotika Monitor Heft 1/2, 1-9. T2 - Antibiotika Monitor TI - Epidemiologie, Klinik und mikrobiologische Diagnostik der Tularämie VL - Heft 1/2 ID - 1359 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hofer, E. PY - 2002 ST - Epidemiologie, Klinik und mikrobiologische Diagnostik der Tularämie. Anti-biotika Monitor Heft 1/2, 1-9. TI - Epidemiologie, Klinik und mikrobiologische Diagnostik der Tularämie. Anti-biotika Monitor Heft 1/2, 1-9 ID - 1360 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hofer, E., Schildorfer, H., Flatscher, J., Müller, M. PY - 1997 ST - Zum Nachweis der Tularämie bei Feldhasen (Lepus europaeus) in Österreich. Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. 84, 301-306. TI - Zum Nachweis der Tularämie bei Feldhasen (Lepus europaeus) in Österreich. Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. 84, 301-306 ID - 1361 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hofer, E. AU - H., Schildorfer AU - J., Flatscher AU - M., Müller PY - 1997 SP - 301-306 ST - Zum Nachweis der Tularämie bei Feldhasen (Lepus europaeus) in Österreich. Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. 84, 301-306. T2 - Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. TI - Zum Nachweis der Tularämie bei Feldhasen (Lepus europaeus) in Österreich VL - 84 ID - 1362 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie Bundesministerium für AU - Hofer, G. AU - Belazzi, Thomas AU - Dungl, Leopold AU - Kranzl, Sabine AU - Lang, Gerhard AU - Lipp, Bernhard AU - Stefanson, Astrid PY - 2009 ST - LCC-ECO - Ganzheitliche ökologische und energetische Sanierung von Dienstleistungsgebäuden T2 - Energie- und Umweltforschung 53 TI - LCC-ECO - Ganzheitliche ökologische und energetische Sanierung von Dienstleistungsgebäuden ID - 1363 ER - TY - GEN AU - Hofer, H.R. CY - Zürich PB - Ber. Geobot. Inst. ETH, Stifung Rübel PY - 1992 SP - 39-54 ST - Veränderungen in der Vegetation von 14 Gipfeln des Berninagebietes zwischen 1905 und 1985 TI - Veränderungen in der Vegetation von 14 Gipfeln des Berninagebietes zwischen 1905 und 1985 VL - 59 ID - 1364 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoffman, Susanna M. PY - 1999 SP - 173-191 ST - The regenesis of traditional gender patterns in the wake of disaster T2 - The Angry Earth: Disaster in Anthropological Perspective TI - The regenesis of traditional gender patterns in the wake of disaster ID - 3634 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hoffmann, A CY - Linz LB - hoffmann1974 PY - 1974 ST - Bauernland Oberösterreich. Entwicklungsgeschichte Seiner Land- und Forstwirtschaft TI - Bauernland Oberösterreich. Entwicklungsgeschichte Seiner Land- und Forstwirtschaft ID - 1365 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hoffmann, A. LB - hoff7 SP - 1-362 ST - Autökologische Untersuchungen zur zeitlichen und räumlichen Einnischung von Lasiocephala basalis (Kol T2 - (Trichoptera, Lepidostomatidae), einer Fließwasserköcherfliege. Dissertation an der Philipps-Universität Marburg TI - Autökologische Untersuchungen zur zeitlichen und räumlichen Einnischung von Lasiocephala basalis (Kol ID - 1366 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hoffmann, A. CY - Linz LB - hoffmann1974 PY - 1974 ST - Bauernland Oberösterreich. Entwicklungsgeschichte Seiner Land- und Forstwirtschaft TI - Bauernland Oberösterreich. Entwicklungsgeschichte Seiner Land- und Forstwirtschaft ID - 1367 ER - TY - BOOK AU - HOFFMANN, G.M. AU - SCHMUTTERER, H. CY - Stuttgart PB - Verl. Eugen Ulmer PY - 1983 ST - Parasitäre Krankheiten und Schädlinge an landwirtschaftlichen Kulturpflanzen TI - Parasitäre Krankheiten und Schädlinge an landwirtschaftlichen Kulturpflanzen ID - 1368 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A method for the assessment of the local hazard caused by large-scale winter storms is described in detail and applied to all of Germany. Spatially highly resolved wind fields of severe storm events in the climatological period from 1971 to 2000 are modeled by a statistical-dynamical downscaling approach with the Karlsruhe Atmospheric Mesoscale Model KAMM, using both ERA-40 re-analysis and observation data. Hazard curves, including quantification of the uncertainties, are determined for all grid points with a distance of 1 km from the modeled wind fields by applying extreme value statistics. The hazard maps reveal critical regions with potentially extreme wind speeds depending on exposure, terrain height and land use. For an exceedance probability of 0.05 yr -1 that equals a return period of 20 yr, the maximum gusts range between 26 m s-1 in deep valleys and >45 m s-1 near the coast as well as over the crests of the low mountain ranges. Particularly saddles, edges, flanks and summits feature a higher hazard for extreme wind speeds. Comparisons of model data and observations confirm the applicability and the high precision of the method. © Inter-Research 2010. AD - Geo Risks Research, Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, 80802 Munich, Germany Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany Hofherr, T. Geo Risks Research, Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft, 80802 Munich, Germany email: thofherr@munichre.com AU - Hofherr, T. AU - Kunz, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.3354/cr00844 IS - 2 J2 - Clim. Res. KW - Extreme value statistics Extreme winds Hazard assessment Mesoscale modelling Storm climatology Winter storm Atmospheric mesoscale models Critical region Deep valley Dynamical downscaling Exceedance probability Extreme wind speed Germany Grid points Hazard Assessment Hazard curves Hazard map High precision Model data Mountain ranges Observation data Reanalysis Return periods Severe storms Terrain height Wind climatology Wind field Winter storms Climatology Hazards Landforms Probability density function Wind effects Storms climate modeling climatology extreme event hazard assessment land use mapping method mesoscale meteorology observational method storm terrain uncertainty analysis wind field wind velocity LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):13 References: Adrian, G., Determination of the basic state of a numerical mesoscale model from operational numerical weather forecasts (1987) Contrib Atmos Phys., 60, pp. 361-370; Adrian, G., Fiedler, F., Simulation of unstationary wind and temperature fields over complex terrain (1995) Contrib Atmos Phys., 64, pp. 27-48; Belcher, S.E., Hunt, J.C.R., Turbulent flow over hills and waves (1998) Annu Rev. 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R Meteorol Soc., 112, pp. 867-889; Wieringa, J., Representative roughness parameters for homogeneous terrain (1993) Boundary-Layer Meteorol, 63, pp. 323-363 PY - 2010 SN - 0936577X SP - 105-123 ST - Extreme wind climatology of winter storms in Germany T2 - Climate Research TI - Extreme wind climatology of winter storms in Germany UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77951680635&partnerID=40&md5=4e336866685b01014c0fc86fc07a784e VL - 41 ID - 3429 ER - TY - THES AU - Höflechner-Pöltl, A. PB - Diss., Vet. Univ. Wien PY - 1999 ST - Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zur Tularämie und Brucellose bei Füchsen (Vulpes vulpes) und Feldhasen (Lepus europaeus) in Österreich. Diss., Vet. Univ. Wien. TI - Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zur Tularämie und Brucellose bei Füchsen (Vulpes vulpes) und Feldhasen (Lepus europaeus) in Österreich ID - 1369 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Höflechner-Pöltl, A. PY - 1999 ST - Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zur Tularämie und Brucellose bei Füchsen (Vulpes vulpes) und Feldhasen (Lepus europaeus) in Österreich. Diss., Vet. Univ. Wien. TI - Epidemiologische Untersuchungen zur Tularämie und Brucellose bei Füchsen (Vulpes vulpes) und Feldhasen (Lepus europaeus) in Österreich. Diss., Vet. Univ. Wien ID - 1370 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Höflechner-Pöltl, A., Hofer, E., Awad-Masalmeh, M., Müller, M., Steineck, Th. PY - 2000 ST - Tula-rämie und Brucellose bei Feldhasen und Füchsen in Österreich. Tierärztl. Umschau 55, 264-268. TI - Tula-rämie und Brucellose bei Feldhasen und Füchsen in Österreich. Tierärztl. Umschau 55, 264-268 ID - 1371 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Höflechner-Pöltl, A. AU - E., Hofer AU - M., Awad-Masalmeh AU - M., Müller AU - Th., Steineck PY - 2000 SP - 264-268 ST - Tula-rämie und Brucellose bei Feldhasen und Füchsen in Österreich. Tierärztl. Umschau 55, 264-268. T2 - Tierärztl. Umschau TI - Tulaämie und Brucellose bei Feldhasen und Füchsen in Österreich VL - 55 ID - 1372 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) due to Leishmania infantum is endemic in Southern France and can be considered as an opportunistic infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Co-infection with Leishmania sp. and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is emerging, but pathological findings of leishmaniasis in AIDS have been poorly documented, and scattered case reports have include morphological descriptions. The clinicopathologic analysis of 16 patients with HIV and VL were evaluated. The clinical presentation was characteristic of VL, with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia in 6 patients, and the diagnosis was confirmed by finding amastigotes of Leishmania sp. in bone marrow smears and biopsy specimens. In 4 patients, the initial diagnosis of VL was made fortuitously in gastrointestinal biopsies performed systematically (3 patients) or in case of diarrhea (1 patient). In one duodenal biopsy, Leishmania sp. and Mycobacteria sp. were associated. Liver biopsy allowed the diagnosis of VL in 3 cases. Autopsy was performed in 9 patients, showing a disseminated leishmaniasis with very unusual localizations (adrenal and heart) in 2 cases. Cutaneous leishmaniasis involvement was noted before (4 patients), at the same time (2 patient), or after (1 patient) the diagnosis of VL. Inflammatory infiltrates noted with Leishmania sp. infection were made by CD68 macrophages with (8 patients) or without (8 patients) associated CD8 positive lymphocytes. Immunoperoxidase study using polyclonal anti-Leishmania sp. antibodies contributed to the diagnosis in all cases. Electron microscopy of 2 digestive biopsy specimens showed the ultrastructural characteristics of Leishmania sp. amastigotes. The zymodeme MON-1 of L infantum was identified by isoenzyme electrophoresis in all patients. The mean of CD4 counts was 37/mm3 at the time of diagnosis, and the mean duration before the death was 8 months. As shown in this study, VL in AIDS can be diagnosed in gastrointestinal or liver biopsies. Diagnosis of VL was made when the CD4 count was very low and was correlated with a poor prognosis. AU - Hofman, V. AU - Marty, P. AU - Perrin, C. AU - Saint-Paul, M.C. AU - Le Fichoux, Y. AU - Michiels, J.F. AU - Glaichenhaus, N. AU - Pratlong, F. AU - Hofman, P. PY - 2000 SP - 75-84 ST - The histological spectrum of visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum MON-1 in acquired immune deficiency syndrome T2 - Human Pathology TI - The histological spectrum of visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum MON-1 in acquired immune deficiency syndrome VL - 31 ID - 1373 ER - TY - THES AU - Hofmann, J. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2005 ST - Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Bodenbearbeitungssysteme auf dei Bodengesundheit T2 - Institut für Hydraulik und landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft TI - Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Bodenbearbeitungssysteme auf dei Bodengesundheit VL - Dr. ID - 1374 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 29 AU - Hofreither, M. F. AU - Eder, M. AU - Feichtinger, F. AU - Kniepert, M. AU - Liebhard, P. AU - Salhofer, K. AU - Schmid, E. AU - Sinabell, F. AU - Streicher, G. CY - Vienna KW - groundwater integrated modeling ÖPUL PB - Institut für nachhaltige Wirtschaftsentwicklung, Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2000 SN - 113 ST - Modellanalyse von ökonomischen Instrumenten zum Grundwasserschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem ÖPUL-Programm TI - Modellanalyse von ökonomischen Instrumenten zum Grundwasserschutz im Zusammenhang mit dem ÖPUL-Programm ID - 1375 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hofstetter, I., Eckert, J., Hauri, A PY - 2005 SP - Heft 50, 465-466. ST - Tularämie: Ausbruch unter Teilnehmern einer Ha-sen-Treibjagd im Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg. Epidemiol. Bull. TI - Tularämie: Ausbruch unter Teilnehmern einer Ha-sen-Treibjagd im Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg. Epidemiol. Bull ID - 1376 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hofstetter, I. AU - A., Eckert J. Hauri PY - 2005 SP - 465-466 ST - Tularämie: Ausbruch unter Teilnehmern einer Ha-sen-Treibjagd im Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg. Epidemiol. Bull. T2 - Epidemiol. Bull. TI - Tularämie: Ausbruch unter Teilnehmern einer Ha-sen-Treibjagd im Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg. VL - Heft 50 ID - 1377 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hohenbruck, A. F. V. CY - Wien LB - hohenbruck1873 PB - kk Hof- und Staatsdruckerei PY - 1873 ST - Die Weinproduction in Österreichs, unter Mitwirkung Von Fachmännern Aus Einzelnen Weinbau Treibenden Ländern Zusammengestellt im Auftrage Des Ackerbau-Ministeriums TI - Die Weinproduction in Österreichs, unter Mitwirkung Von Fachmännern Aus Einzelnen Weinbau Treibenden Ländern Zusammengestellt im Auftrage Des Ackerbau-Ministeriums ID - 1378 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hohenbruck, Arthur Freiherr Von CY - Wien LB - hohenbruck1899 PB - Commissionsverlag Gerold's Sohn. Archiv für Landwirtschaft ('Beilage zur Wiener Landwirtschaftlichen Zeitung'). Hitschmann, Hugo H. PY - 1899 ST - Österreichische Land- und Forstwirthschaftliche Bibliographie. TI - Österreichische Land- und Forstwirthschaftliche Bibliographie ID - 1379 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hohla M AU - G., Kleesadl AU - Melzer, H. PY - 2002 SP - 507-578 ST - Neues zur Flora der oberösterreichischen Bahnanlagen – mit Einbeziehung einiger grenznaher Bahnhöfe Bayerns – Fortsetzung. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 11. T2 - Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs TI - Neues zur Flora der oberösterreichischen Bahnanlagen – mit Einbeziehung einiger grenznaher Bahnhöfe Bayerns – Fortsetzung VL - 11 ID - 1380 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hohla M., Kleesadl G. AU - Melzer, H. PY - 2002 SP - 507-578. ST - Neues zur Flora der oberösterreichischen Bahnanlagen – mit Einbeziehung einiger grenznaher Bahnhöfe Bayerns – Fortsetzung. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 11. TI - Neues zur Flora der oberösterreichischen Bahnanlagen – mit Einbeziehung einiger grenznaher Bahnhöfe Bayerns – Fortsetzung. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 11 ID - 1381 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hohla, M., Kleesadl, G. AU - Melzer, H. PY - 1998 SP - 139-301. ST - Floristisches von den Bahnanlagen Oberös-terreichs. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 6. TI - Floristisches von den Bahnanlagen Oberös-terreichs. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 6 ID - 1382 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hohla, M. AU - G., Kleesadl AU - Melzer, H. PY - 1998 SP - 139-301 ST - Floristisches von den Bahnanlagen Oberös-terreichs. Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs 6. T2 - Beitr. Naturk. Oberösterreichs TI - Floristisches von den Bahnanlagen Oberös-terreichs VL - 6 ID - 1383 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Höhn, O. E. PB - A. Ziemsen Verlag Wittenberg Lutherstadt PY - 1969 SP - 82 ST - „Die Schneehühnerﾓ – A. Ziemsen Verlag Wittenberg Lutherstadt; TI - Die Schneehühnerﾓ – ID - 1384 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HÖHN, O. E. PY - 1969 SP - 82 pp. ST - „Die Schneehühnerﾓ – A. Ziemsen Verlag Wittenberg Lutherstadt; TI - „Die Schneehühnerﾓ – A. Ziemsen Verlag Wittenberg Lutherstadt ID - 1385 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The purpose of this review is to put into perspective the many health benefits of vitamin D and the role of vitamin D deficiency in increasing the risk of many common and serious diseases, including some common cancers, type 1 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis. Numerous epidemiologic studies suggest that exposure to sunlight, which enhances the production of vitamin D(3) in the skin, is important in preventing many chronic diseases. Because very few foods naturally contain vitamin D, sunlight supplies most of our vitamin D requirement. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] is the metabolite that should be measured in the blood to determine vitamin D status. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in infants who are solely breastfed and who do not receive vitamin D supplementation and in adults of all ages who have increased skin pigmentation or who always wear sun protection or limit their outdoor activities. Vitamin D deficiency is often misdiagnosed as fibromyalgia. A new dietary source of vitamin D is orange juice fortified with vitamin D. Studies in both human and animal models add strength to the hypothesis that the unrecognized epidemic of vitamin D deficiency worldwide is a contributing factor of many chronic debilitating diseases. Greater awareness of the insidious consequences of vitamin D deficiency is needed. Annual measurement of serum 25(OH)D is a reasonable approach to monitoring for vitamin D deficiency. The recommended adequate intakes for vitamin D are inadequate, and, in the absence of exposure to sunlight, a minimum of 1000 IU vitamin D/d is required to maintain a healthy concentration of 25(OH)D in the blood. AU - Holick, M.F. IS - 3 PY - 2004 SP - 362-371 ST - Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis T2 - Am J Clin Nutr TI - Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis VL - 79 ID - 1386 ER - TY - WEB AU - HÖLLER, H. M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2008 ST - Elefantengras - Denn die Zukunft liegt in unseren Händen TI - Elefantengras - Denn die Zukunft liegt in unseren Händen UR - http://www.elefantengras.at ID - 1387 ER - TY - THES AB - Waldböden in geneigtem Gelände sind besonders nach großflächigen Störungen wie Windwürfen erosionsanfällig. Rendsinen werden als besonders empfindlich erachtet, da neben Erosion auch Humusmineralisation zu Bodenverlusten führen kann. Zur Quantifizierung der Bodenverluste wurden im Höllengebirge (Österreichische Kalkalpen) zwei Methoden getestet. Die Studie umfasst einen intakten Bergmischwald und zwei angrenzende Windwurfflächen (2007, 2009). Die Änderung der Bodenbedeckung der älteren Windwurffläche im 3. Jahr nach der Störung wurde über Interpretation von Orthofotos aus 2009 und 2010 dokumentiert. Veränderungen der Bodenmächtigkeit über die Zeit wurden mit räumlich verteilten Bodenpegeln auf allen drei Flächen gemessen. Die Luftbildinterpretation zeigte einen Anstieg des Felsanteiles um 4 % im dritten Jahr nach dem Störungsereignis, obwohl die Vegetation bereits um 21 % mehr Fläche einnahm. Laut Pegel verschwanden zwischen Juli 2010 und November 2011 im Wald 0,9 +/- 0,5 cm, auf der jungen Störungsfläche 2,6 +/- 0,6 cm und auf der älteren 1,4 cm +/- 0,5 cm Boden, vorwiegend Auflagehumus. Bedenkt man die mittlere Bodenmächtigkeit von 15,0 +/- 10,5 cm sind diese Mengen beträchtlich. Umgerechnet auf Bodenverlustraten bedeuten dies 0,4 t.ha^-1.a^-1, 30,1 t.ha^-1.a^-1und 9,6 t.ha^-1.a^-1. Es lässt sich ableiten, dass Bodenverluste auf Störungsflächen in den Nördlichen Kalkalpen hauptsächlich von vorhandener Vegetationsbedeckung und klimatisch gesteuerten Prozessen abhängig sind. Luftbildinterpretationen sind eine geeignete Methode zur Erosionsabschätzung für seichtgründige (Humus-)karbonatböden. Allerdings dokumentiert sie nur Änderungen der Oberflächenbedeckung. Pegelmessungen zeige früher Änderungen auf, sind aber in der räumlichen Aussagekraft beschränkt. Die beiden Methoden ermöglichen in Kombination eine gute Abschätzung der Standortsveränderung durch Erosion und Mineralisation von Humuskarbonatböden. AU - Hollhaus, A.R. CY - Vienna KW - Humuspegel, Luftbildinterpretation, Nördliche Kalkalpen, Bodenverlust, Störungsdynamik LA - English PB - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences PY - 2012 SP - 86 ST - Evaluation of methods estimating soil loss after coarse-scale disturbance on a montane mixed forest site in the Northern Limestone Alps T2 - H91200 Institut für Waldökologie (IFE) TI - Evaluation of methods estimating soil loss after coarse-scale disturbance on a montane mixed forest site in the Northern Limestone Alps VL - Dipl.-Ing. ID - 3430 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Gunderson, LH A2 - Holling, CS (eds) AU - Holling, C.S. AU - Gunderson, L.H. CY - Washington DC PB - Island Press PY - 2002 SN - 1559638575 SP - 25-62 ST - Resilience and adaptive cycles T2 - Panarchy: understanding transformations in human and natural systems TI - Resilience and adaptive cycles ID - 1388 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Holquist, M. PB - University of Texas Press PY - 1981 SN - 9780292715349 ST - The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays TI - The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=JKZztxqdIpgC ID - 3507 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Schmidt, Wyman C. A2 - McDonald, Kathy J. AN - AC01713669 AU - Holtmeier, F. K. CY - Ogden, Utah KW - L=EF=BF=BDrche < Gattung> - Kongre=EF=BF=BD - Whitefish = < Mont., 1992> BOK50 L=EF=BF=BDrche < Gattung> Kongre=EF=BF=BD Whitefish < Mont., 1992> N1 - Literaturangaben UBBW Hauptbibl. Magazin II-73309 Entlehnbar PB - Intermountain Research Station PY - 1995 SP - 41 - 49 ST - European larch in middle Europe with special reference to the Central Alps T2 - Ecology and management of Larix forests: a look ahead Proceedings of an International Symposium GTR-INT-319 TI - European larch in middle Europe with special reference to the Central Alps ID - 1389 ER - TY - GEN AU - Holtmeier, F. K. PY - 2003 ST - Mountain timberlines. Ecology, patchiness and dynamics. Advances in Global Change Research, Band 14. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Netherlands. TI - Mountain timberlines. Ecology, patchiness and dynamics. Advances in Global Change Research, Band 14. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Netherlands ID - 1390 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HOLTMEIER, F.K. PY - 2003 ST - Mountain timberlines. Ecology, patchiness and dynamics. Advances in Global Change Research, Band 14. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Netherlands. TI - Mountain timberlines. Ecology, patchiness and dynamics. Advances in Global Change Research, Band 14. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Netherlands ID - 1391 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper describes a high resolution airmass transformation (AMT) model intended for short-range weather forecasts of the temperature and humidity profiles in the lower atmosphere, the structure of the boundary layer, the boundary layer height, and the amount of boundary layer clouds. The AMT model consists of a one-dimensional multilayer boundary layer model, which is advected along trajectories from a source region to a receptor point. The trajectories are calculated within a larger scale (limited area) model. The initial profiles for temperature and humidity are obtained from observed radiosondes. Case studies were made of the development of stratocumulus over the North Sea, and the representation of clear skies over land was simulated. The output of the model is compared with the output of the ECMWF model and the current operational bulk AMT model. The model has been used as an operational forecast tool in 77 cases. AU - HOLTSLAG, A. A. M. AU - DE BRUIJN, E. I. F. AU - PAN, H-L. KW - AIR MASSES ATMOSPHERIC MODELS LOWER ATMOSPHERE NUMERICAL WEATHER FORECASTING TEMPERATURE PROFILES ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER HUMIDITY RADIOSONDES SCALE MODELS STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS PY - 1990 SP - 1561-1575 ST - A high resolution air mass transformation model for short-range weather forecasting T2 - Monthly Weather Review. TI - A high resolution air mass transformation model for short-range weather forecasting VL - 118 ID - 1392 ER - TY - GEN AU - Holzer, Peter AU - Hammer, Renate PB - Department für Bauen und Umwelt, Donau-Universität Krems PY - 2008 ST - Sommertauglichkeit im Klimawandel TI - Sommertauglichkeit im Klimawandel ID - 1393 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Hölzinger, J. PY - 1980 SP - 123-134 ST - Der Untergang des Birkhuhns Lyrurus tetrix in Baden-Württemberg und dessen Ursachen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg. T2 - Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg TI - Der Untergang des Birkhuhns Lyrurus tetrix in Baden-Württemberg und dessen Ursachen VL - 16 ID - 1394 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HÖLZINGER, J. PY - 1980 SP - 16: 123-134. ST - Der Untergang des Birkhuhns Lyrurus tetrix in Baden-Württemberg und dessen Ursachen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg. TI - Der Untergang des Birkhuhns Lyrurus tetrix in Baden-Württemberg und dessen Ursachen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg ID - 1395 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Holzmann, H., Lehmann, Th., Formayer, H. und Haas, P. PY - 2010 SP - 7-14 ST - Auswirkungen möglicher Klimaänderungen auf Hochwasser und Wasserhaushaltskomponenten ausgewählter Einzugsgebiete in Österreich T2 - Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft TI - Auswirkungen möglicher Klimaänderungen auf Hochwasser und Wasserhaushaltskomponenten ausgewählter Einzugsgebiete in Österreich VL - 56 ID - 1396 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Holzworth, C. G. PY - 1964 SP - 235-242 ST - Estimates of mean maximum mixing depths in the contiguous United States T2 - Monthly Weather Review TI - Estimates of mean maximum mixing depths in the contiguous United States VL - 92 ID - 1397 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Homburg, A. AU - Matthies, E. PB - Juventa-Verlag PY - 1998 SN - 9783779903208 ST - Umweltpsychologie: Umweltkrise, Gesellschaft und Individuum TI - Umweltpsychologie: Umweltkrise, Gesellschaft und Individuum UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=Eg25PlKik3UC ID - 3525 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Extreme ozone minima represent localized and temporally brief (several days) reductions in column ozone amounts below some chosen absolute level. Although such minima at middle to high northern latitudes are known to be primarily dynamical in origin, a remaining issue is whether heterogeneous chemical loss processes may also contribute significantly to their formation. A case in point is the record low 165 Dobson units (DU) minimum occurring on November 30, 1999, when temperatures near 30 hPa at the location of the minimum were lower than the threshold for the formation of type I polar stratospheric clouds (PSC). An examination of Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement III data for times surrounding the event shows that PSCs were indeed present in the vicinity where the ozone minimum was observed. However, archived data show that a similar extreme minimum of 167 DU with characteristics comparable to those of the November 30, 1999, minimum occurred on October 30, 1985, when no PSCs were present. An ensemble of 71 extreme ozone minima with amplitudes under 215 DU exhibit a nearly linear relationship between ozone minimum deviations from the zonal mean and corresponding 30-hPa temperature deviations. Such a relationship is predicted by analytic transport models which assume that vertical motions (i.e., upwelling) are responsible for the ozone minima. Temperature deviations near 30-hPa were unusually large for both the November 30, 1999, and the October 30, 1985, events, implying unusually rapid upward transport for these events. All 71 minima occur in regions where deviations from the zonal mean of 330 K potential vorticity are negative, implying an additional contribution to their formation by quasi-horizontal transport. The timescale for column ozone reductions during extreme ozone minima events is also determined and found to be at least 20 times more rapid than expected from known chemical loss processes. The data are therefore most consistent with a purely dynamical origin for extreme ozone minima in general and the November 30, 1999, event in particular. As was shown by earlier work, the basic dynamical process involves a combination of isentropic transport of ozone-poor air from the tropical upper troposphere and rapid upwelling over upper tropospheric anticyclonic disturbances resulting from poleward Rossby wave breaking events. AU - Hood, L. L. AU - Soukharev, B. E. AU - Fromm, M. AU - McCormack, J. P. DO - 10.1029/2001JD900093 IS - D18 PY - 2001 SN - 0148-0227 SP - 20925-20940 ST - Origin of extreme ozone minima at middle to high northern latitudes T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - Origin of extreme ozone minima at middle to high northern latitudes UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JD900093 VL - 106 ID - 1398 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hoogenboom, G. AU - Jones, J. W. AU - Wilkens, P. W. AU - Batchelor, W. D. AU - Bowen, W. T. AU - Hunt, L. A. AU - Pickering, N. B. AU - Singh, U. AU - Godwin, D. C. AU - Bear, B. AU - Boote, K. J. AU - Ritchie, J. T. AU - White, J. W. CY - Hawaii, Honolulu LB - hoogenboom1994 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - International Benchmark Sites Network for Agrotechnology Transfer. University of Hawaii, Honolulu PY - 1994 RP - StClB-Lit SP - 692 ST - Crop models, DSSAT Version 3 TI - Crop models, DSSAT Version 3 ID - 1399 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - G. Y. Tsuji, G. Uehara, and S. Balas AU - Hoogenboom, G. AU - Jones, J.W. AU - Wilkens, P.W. AU - Batchelor, W.D. AU - Bowen, W.T. AU - Hunt, L.A. AU - Pickering, N.B. AU - Singh, U. AU - Godwin, D.C. AU - Baer, B. AU - Boote, K.J. AU - Ritchie, J.T. AU - White, J.W. CY - Honolulu PB - University of Hawaii PY - 1994 SE - 95-244 SN - 1-886684-02-0 ST - Crop models TI - Crop models VL - 2 ID - 1400 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hoogenboom, G. AU - Jones, J.W. AU - Wilkens, P.W. AU - Batchelor, W.D. AU - Bowen, W.T. AU - Hunt, L. A. AU - Pickering, N.B. AU - Singh, U. AU - Godwin, D.C. AU - Bear, B. AU - Boote, K. J. AU - Ritchie, J.T. AU - White, J.W. CY - Hawaii, Honolulu LB - hoogenboom1994 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - International Benchmark Sites Network for Agrotechnology Transfer. University of Hawaii, Honolulu PY - 1994 RP - StClB-Lit SP - 692 ST - Crop models, DSSAT Version 3 TI - Crop models, DSSAT Version 3 ID - 1401 ER - TY - EDBOOK A2 - Helm, D. AU - Hope, C. PB - Oxford University Press PY - 2005 SP - 77-98 ST - Integrated assessment models T2 - Climate-change policy TI - Integrated assessment models ID - 1402 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hope, C. PY - 2006 SP - 19-56 ST - he Marginal Impact of CO2 from PAGE2002: An Integrated Assessment Model incorpo-rating the IPCC’s Five Reasons for Concern T2 - The Integrated Assessment Journal TI - he Marginal Impact of CO2 from PAGE2002: An Integrated Assessment Model incorpo-rating the IPCC’s Five Reasons for Concern VL - 6 ID - 1403 ER - TY - CONF AU - Hope, C. PY - 2007 SP - 40-60. ST - PAGE modeling system T2 - Yale Symposium on the Stern Review TI - PAGE modeling system VL - Part 1, Chapter 2 ID - 1404 ER - TY - CONF A2 - REGION HANNOVER, HANNIG M., SCHOLLES F. AU - HOPPE, K. CY - Hannover PY - 2009 ST - Impulsreferat: Freiraum und Kommunikation am Beispiel des Frankfurter Grüngürtels T2 - Grüne Räume bewegen! – Freiraumkonzepte für Lebensqualität in Stadtregionen /Dokumentation der Tagung am 6. und 7. Mai 2009, Beiträge zur regionalen Entwicklung TI - Impulsreferat: Freiraum und Kommunikation am Beispiel des Frankfurter Grüngürtels VL - 121 ID - 1405 ER - TY - JOUR AB - With considerably increased coverage of weather information in the news media in recent years in many countries, there is also more demand for data that are applicable and useful for everyday life. Both the perception of the thermal component of weather as well as the appropriate clothing for thermal comfort result from the integral effects of all meteorological parameters relevant for heat exchange between the body and its environment. Regulatory physiological processes can affect the relative importance of meteorological parameters, e.g. wind velocity becomes more important when the body is sweating. In order to take into account all these factors, it is necessary to use a heat-balance model of the human body. The physiological equivalent temperature (PET) is based on the Munich Energy-balance Model for Individuals (MEMI), which models the thermal conditions of the human body in a physiologically relevant way. PET is defined as the air temperature at which, in a typical indoor setting (without wind and solar radiation), the heat budget of the human body is balanced with the same core and skin temperature as under the complex outdoor conditions to be assessed. This way PET enables a layperson to compare the integral effects of complex thermal conditions outside with his or her own experience indoors. On hot summer days, for example, with direct solar irradiation the PET value may be more than 20 K higher than the air temperature, on a windy day in winter up to 15 K lower. AU - Höppe, P. DO - 10.1007/s004840050118 IS - 2 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 1999 SN - 0020-7128 SP - 71-75 ST - The physiological equivalent temperature – a universal index for the biometeorological assessment of the thermal environment T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - The physiological equivalent temperature – a universal index for the biometeorological assessment of the thermal environment UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004840050118 VL - 43 ID - 1406 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HORBER, E. IS - 4 PY - 1955 SP - 197-210 ST - Ökologische und statistische Untersuchungen an Populationen des Feldmaikäfers (Melolontha vulgaris F.) T2 - Landwirtschaftliches Jahrbuch der Schweiz TI - Ökologische und statistische Untersuchungen an Populationen des Feldmaikäfers (Melolontha vulgaris F.) VL - 69 ID - 1407 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Horne, H. IS - Heft 2/4 PY - 1912 ST - Eine Lemmingpest und eine Meerschweinchenepizootie. Centralbl. f. Bakt. etc. I. Abt. Originale. Bd. 66, Heft 2/4. T2 - I. Abt. Originale TI - Eine Lemmingpest und eine Meerschweinchenepizootie. Centralbl. f. Bakt. etc. VL - Bd. 66 ID - 1408 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Horne, H. PY - 1912 ST - Eine Lemmingpest und eine Meerschweinchenepizootie. Centralbl. f. Bakt. etc. I. Abt. Originale. Bd. 66, Heft 2/4. TI - Eine Lemmingpest und eine Meerschweinchenepizootie. Centralbl. f. Bakt. etc. I. Abt. Originale. Bd. 66, Heft 2/4 ID - 1409 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hörtenhuber, S. AU - Zollitsch, W. IS - 1 PY - 2008 SN - 1015-2423 SP - 23-32 ST - Welche Vorteile bringt die Öko-Rinderhaltung T2 - ÖKOLOGIE & LANDBAU TI - Welche Vorteile bringt die Öko-Rinderhaltung VL - 145 ID - 1410 ER - TY - GEN AU - Horx, Matthias PB - Koelnmesse GmbH / ORGATEC PY - 2004 ST - Smart Work! about the work world of the future TI - Smart Work! about the work world of the future ID - 1411 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hotelling, H. LB - hote1935a PY - 1935 SP - 139-142 ST - The most predictable criterion T2 - J. Ed. Psych. TI - The most predictable criterion VL - 26 ID - 1412 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Houghton, J. E. T. AU - Ding AU - Y AU - Griggs AU - D.J AU - Nouger AU - M AU - Linden, van der AU - P.J AU - Dai AU - X AU - Maskell AU - K AU - Johnson AU - A, C. LB - houg01 PY - 2001 ST - Climate change 2001: the Scientific Basis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge TI - Climate change 2001: the Scientific Basis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge ID - 1413 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Houghton, J. T., Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. v. d. Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. A. Johnson PY - 2001 ST - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Cambridge, THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. (ISDR), I. S. f. D. R., 2004, Terminology of disaster risk reduction, UN/ISDR. TI - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Cambridge, THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. (ISDR), I. S. f. D. R., 2004, Terminology of disaster risk reduction, UN/ISDR ID - 1414 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Houghton, J. T. AU - Ding Y., Griggs D.J. AU - M., Noguer AU - v d Linden, P.J. AU - X., Dai AU - K., Maskell AU - C.A., Johnson CY - Cambridge PB - THE PRESS SYNDICATE OTHE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE PY - 2001 ST - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Cambridge, THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE. (ISDR), I. S. f. D. R., 2004, Terminology of disaster risk reduction, UN/ISDR. TI - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis ID - 1415 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Dai, X. A2 - Maskell, K. A2 - Johnson, C. A. AU - Houghton, J. T. AU - Ding, Y. AU - Griggs, D. J. AU - Noguer, M. AU - van der Linden, P. J. LB - houghton2000 PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2000 ST - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ID - 1416 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Houghton, J.E.T. AU - Ding AU - Y. AU - Griggs AU - D.J. AU - Nouger AU - M. AU - Linden, van der AU - P.J. AU - Dai AU - X. AU - Maskell AU - K. AU - Johnson AU - A., C. LB - houg01 PY - 2001 ST - Climate change 2001: the Scientific Basis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge TI - Climate change 2001: the Scientific Basis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge ID - 1417 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Dai, X. A2 - Maskell, K. A2 - Johnson, C. A. AU - Houghton, J.T. AU - Ding, Y. AU - Griggs, D.J. AU - Noguer, M. AU - van der Linden, P.J. LB - houghton2000 PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2000 ST - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ID - 1418 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Houghton, John CY - Berlin Heidelberg LB - houg97a PB - Springer-Verlag PY - 1997 SP - 230 ST - Globale Erwärmung: Fakten, Gefahren und Lösungswege TI - Globale Erwärmung: Fakten, Gefahren und Lösungswege ID - 1419 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HRADETZKY, R. & KROMP, B. PY - 1997 SP - 353-357 ST - Spatial Distribution of Flying Insects in an Organic Rye Field and an Adjacent Hedge and Forest Edge T2 - Biological Agriculture and Horticulture TI - Spatial Distribution of Flying Insects in an Organic Rye Field and an Adjacent Hedge and Forest Edge VL - 15 ID - 1420 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hübel, W Forstner PY - 1971 SP - 148 pp ST - Ruderal-, Segetal- und Adventivflora von Wien. Notring Verlag, Wien. TI - Ruderal-, Segetal- und Adventivflora von Wien. Notring Verlag, Wien ID - 1421 ER - TY - JOUR AU - HUBER, B. und P. INGOLD PY - 1991 SP - 88: 1-7. ST - Bestand und Verteilung der Territorien des Alpenschneehuhns Lagopus mutus am Augstmatthorn BE. Der Ornithologische Beobachter. TI - Bestand und Verteilung der Territorien des Alpenschneehuhns Lagopus mutus am Augstmatthorn BE. Der Ornithologische Beobachter ID - 1422 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Huber, B. AU - P., Ingold PY - 1991 SP - 1-7 ST - Bestand und Verteilung der Territorien des Alpenschneehuhns Lagopus mutus am Augstmatthorn BE. Der Ornithologische Beobachter. T2 - Der Ornithologische Beobachter TI - Bestand und Verteilung der Territorien des Alpenschneehuhns Lagopus mutus am Augstmatthorn BE. VL - 88 ID - 1423 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hübl, J., Keiler, M. und Fuchs, S. PY - 2009 ST - Risikomanagement für alpine Naturgefahren T2 - Wildbach- und Lawinenverbauung TI - Risikomanagement für alpine Naturgefahren VL - 73 ID - 1424 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Verlag, Leopold Stocker AU - Hübl, J., Kociu, A., Krissl, H., Lang, E., Moser, A., Picherl, A., Rachoy, C., Rudolf-Miklau, F., Schnetzer, I., Sitter, F., Skolaut, C., Tilche, N. und Totschnig, R. CY - Graz PY - 2009 ST - Apline Naturkatastrophen. Lawinen, Muren, Felsstürze, Hochwässer TI - Apline Naturkatastrophen. Lawinen, Muren, Felsstürze, Hochwässer ID - 1425 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hübl, J. AU - Kienholz, H. AU - Loipersberger, A. CY - Klagenfurt LB - huebl2002 PB - Forschungsges.Interpräevent PY - 2002 ST - DOMODIS - Documentation of Mountain Disasters: State of the Discussion in the European Mountain Areas T2 - Handbuch 1, Schriftenreihe1 TI - DOMODIS - Documentation of Mountain Disasters: State of the Discussion in the European Mountain Areas ID - 1426 ER - TY - GEN AU - Hübl, Johannes AU - Keiler, Margreth AU - Fuchs, Sven CY - Wildbach- und Lawinenverbau PY - 2009 SP - 60-74 ST - Risikomanagement für alpine Naturgefahren TI - Risikomanagement für alpine Naturgefahren VL - 163 ID - 3635 ER - TY - JOUR AB - For the last 50 years, the consensus view among researchers has been that organic matter (OM) has little or no effect on the available water capacity (AWC) of soil. The historical development of this viewpoint is traced. It is argued that the the literature on this subject has been misconstrued and that the consensus view is wrong. In addition to a critical review of the literature, published data were evaluated to assess the effect of OM content on the AWC of surface soil within three textural groups. Within each group, as OM content increased, the volume of water held at field capacity increased at a much greater rate (average slope = 3.6) than that held at the permanent wilting point (average slope = 0.72). As a result, highly significant positive correlations were found between OM content and AWC for sand (r2 = 0.79***), silt loam (r2 = 0.58***) and silty clay loam (r2 = 0.7G***) texture groups. In all texture groups, as OM content increased from 0.5 to 3%, AWC of the soil more than doubled. Soil OM is an important determinant of AWC because, on a volume basis, it is a significant soil component. In this study, one to 6% OM by weight was equivalent to approximately 5 to 25% by volume. AU - Hudson, Berman D. DA - March/April 1994 IS - 2 PY - 1994 SP - 189-194 ST - Soil organic matter and available water capacity T2 - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation TI - Soil organic matter and available water capacity UR - http://www.jswconline.org/content/49/2/189.abstract VL - 49 ID - 1427 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hudson, E. A AU - Jorgenson, D. W LB - hudson1976 PY - 1976 SP - 7-94 ST - U.S. Tax policy and energy conservation, in: Jorgenson, D. W. (ed.) T2 - Econometric Studies of U.S. Energy Policy TI - U.S. Tax policy and energy conservation, in: Jorgenson, D. W. (ed.) ID - 1428 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Huet, M. LB - huet49 PY - 1949 SP - 332-351 ST - Apercu des relations entre la pente et les populations piscicoles des eaux courantes T2 - Schweiz. Z. Hydrol. TI - Apercu des relations entre la pente et les populations piscicoles des eaux courantes VL - 11 ID - 1429 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hughes, J. P. AU - Guttorp, P. AU - Charles, S. P. LB - hugh1999a PY - 1999 SP - 15--30 ST - A non-homogeneous hidden Markov model for precipitation occurrence T2 - Appl. Stat. TI - A non-homogeneous hidden Markov model for precipitation occurrence VL - 48 ID - 1430 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hughes, L. LB - hugh00 PY - 2000 SP - 56-61 ST - Biological consequences of global warming: is the signal already apparent? T2 - Trends in Ecology and Evolution TI - Biological consequences of global warming: is the signal already apparent? VL - 15 ID - 1431 ER - TY - THES AU - HUJBER, A. PY - 1988 ST - Untersuchungen zur Biologie, Verbreitung und zum Wirtpflanzenspektrum von Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) und Apion miniatum (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) T2 - Dissertation an der Formal- und Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Wien TI - Untersuchungen zur Biologie, Verbreitung und zum Wirtpflanzenspektrum von Gastrophysa viridula (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) und Apion miniatum (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) ID - 1432 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The biology of the white-line dart moth (Scotia segetum Schifferm ller) and the present state of its supervision and control in the agriculture and the field vegetable growing in the GDR are described. Its attacks since 1976 are discussed with regard to the marked dependence of the occurrence of the ground caterpillar on weather conditions, and they are analysed with a view to first empirical forecasts of attacks. AU - HÜLBERT, D. AU - SÜSS, A. IS - 2 PY - 1983 SN - 0005805X SP - 383-438 ST - Biologie und wirtschaftliche Bedeutung der Wintersaateule, Scotia (Agrotis) segetum Schiffermüller T2 - Beiträge zur Entomologie, Berlin TI - Biologie und wirtschaftliche Bedeutung der Wintersaateule, Scotia (Agrotis) segetum Schiffermüller VL - 33 ID - 1433 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hulme, M. AU - Sheard AU - N LB - hulm99 PY - 1999 SP - 6 ST - Climate Change Scenarios for Germany T2 - Climatic Research Unit, Norwich, UK TI - Climate Change Scenarios for Germany VL - 6 ID - 1434 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hulme, M. AU - Sheard AU - N. LB - hulm99 PY - 1999 SP - 6 ST - Climate Change Scenarios for Germany T2 - Climatic Research Unit, Norwich, UK TI - Climate Change Scenarios for Germany VL - 6 ID - 1435 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Tyndall Centre, School of Environmental Sciences AU - Hulme, M. AU - Jenkins, G.J. AU - Lu, X. AU - Turnpenny, J.R. AU - Mitchell, T.D. AU - Jones, R.G. AU - Lowe, J. AU - Murphy, J.M. AU - Hassell, D. AU - Boorman, P. AU - McDonald, R. AU - Hill, S. CY - Norwich, UK PY - 2002 SP - 120 ST - Climate Change Scenarios for the United Kingdom T2 - The UKCIP02 Scientific Report, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia TI - Climate Change Scenarios for the United Kingdom ID - 1436 ER - TY - BOOK AU - K.-J., HÜLSBERGEN CY - Aachen PB - Shaker Verlag PY - 2003 ST - Entwicklung und Anwendung eines Bilanzierungsmodells zur Bewertung der Nachhaltigkeit landwirtschaftlicher Systeme TI - Entwicklung und Anwendung eines Bilanzierungsmodells zur Bewertung der Nachhaltigkeit landwirtschaftlicher Systeme ID - 1437 ER - TY - CONF A2 - (Hrsg.), Ökoregion Kaindorf AU - K.-J., HÜLSBERGEN CY - Ökoregion Kaindorf, Stmk., Österreich PY - 2009 ST - Möglichkeiten der C-Sequestrierung landwirtschaftlich genutzter Böden T2 - Tagungsband Humus Symposium 23.-24. 9. 2009 TI - Möglichkeiten der C-Sequestrierung landwirtschaftlich genutzter Böden ID - 1438 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Humpesch, U. LB - hump80 PY - 1980 SP - 317-333 ST - Effect of temperature on the hatching time of eggs of five Ecdyonurus spp T2 - (Ephemeroptera) from Austrian streams and English Streams, rivers and lakes. Journal of Animal Ecology TI - Effect of temperature on the hatching time of eggs of five Ecdyonurus spp VL - 49 ID - 1439 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Humpesch, U. H. LB - hump84 PY - 1984 SP - 329-341 ST - Egg development of non-diapausing exopterygote aquatic insects occuring in Europe T2 - Sitzungsberichte der österr. Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathem.-naturw. Kl., Abt I TI - Egg development of non-diapausing exopterygote aquatic insects occuring in Europe VL - 19 ID - 1440 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hungate, Bruce A. Dukes, Jeffrey S. Shaw, M. Rebecca Luo, Yiqi Field, Christopher B. DO - 10.1126/science.1091390 PY - 2003/11/28 SE - 1512 SP - 1512-1513 ST - Nitrogen and Climate Change T2 - Science TI - Nitrogen and Climate Change UR - http://www.sciencemag.org/content/302/5650/1512.short VL - 302 ID - 3349 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hunt, G. R. AU - Linden, P. F. IS - 6 N1 - doi:10.1016/S0360-1323(98)00053-5 PY - 1999 SP - 707-720 ST - The fluid mechanics of natural ventilation--displacement ventilation by buoyancy-driven flows assisted by wind T2 - Building and Environment TI - The fluid mechanics of natural ventilation--displacement ventilation by buoyancy-driven flows assisted by wind UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/els/03601323/1999/00000034/00000006/art00053 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1323(98)00053-5 VL - 34 ID - 1441 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Huntley, B. AU - W, Berry P. M. Cramer AU - A.P, McDonald LB - hunt95 PY - 1995 SP - 967-1001 ST - Modelling present and potential future ranges of some European higher plants using climate response surfaces T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - Modelling present and potential future ranges of some European higher plants using climate response surfaces VL - 22 ID - 1442 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hupfer, P. AU - Kuttler, W. CY - Stuttgart, Leipzig PB - Teubner PY - 2006 ST - Witterung und Klima. Eine Einführung in die Meteorologie und Klimatologie TI - Witterung und Klima. Eine Einführung in die Meteorologie und Klimatologie ID - 1443 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hüppop, O. AU - Hüppop AU - K LB - huep02 PY - 2002 SP - 233-240 ST - North Atlantic Oscillation and timing of spring migration in birds T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - North Atlantic Oscillation and timing of spring migration in birds VL - 27 ID - 1444 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hüppop, O. AU - Hüppop AU - K. LB - huep02 PY - 2002 SP - 233-240 ST - North Atlantic Oscillation and timing of spring migration in birds T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - North Atlantic Oscillation and timing of spring migration in birds VL - 27 ID - 1445 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - (ed.), Balachowski A. S. AU - HURPIN, B. CY - Paris PB - Coléoptères, Masson PY - 1962 SP - 59-122 ST - Les Melolontha T2 - Entomologie appliquée à l´agriculture TI - Les Melolontha VL - 1 ID - 1446 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hurrell, J. W. LB - hurrell1995 PY - 1995 SP - 676-679 ST - Decadal trends in the North Atlantic oscillation: Regional temperature and precipitation. T2 - Science TI - Decadal trends in the North Atlantic oscillation: Regional temperature and precipitation VL - 269 ID - 1447 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Huss, Matthias AU - Farinotti, Daniel DO - 10.1029/2012jf002523 IS - F4 KW - glacier ice volume glacier inventory global assessment ice thickness distribution sea level rise water resources 0720 Glaciers 0738 Ice 0758 Remote sensing 0772 Distribution 0774 Dynamics PY - 2012 SN - 2156-2202 SP - F04010 ST - Distributed ice thickness and volume of all glaciers around the globe T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface TI - Distributed ice thickness and volume of all glaciers around the globe UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012JF002523 VL - 117 ID - 3586 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Huss, Matthias AU - Zemp, Michael AU - Joerg, Philip C. AU - Salzmann, Nadine IS - 0 KW - Runoff projection LB - Huss2014 PY - 2014 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 35 - 48 ST - High uncertainty in 21st century runoff projections from glacierized basins T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - High uncertainty in 21st century runoff projections from glacierized basins UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169413009141 VL - 510 ID - 3587 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hutchinson, G. E. LB - hutc57 PY - 1957 ST - Concluding remarks T2 - Cold S TI - Concluding remarks ID - 1448 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Huth, Radan DA - October LB - huth99a N1 - downscaling der täglichen Temperatur an 39 Stationen in M-EU (D,CK,Ö,CH,BEL,SLK); nur für Winter 82-89) grossräumige NCEP\NCAR Prädiktoren: Z500,SLP,T850,relTop1000-500; 35-70N, 45W-45E; Methoden: CCA, SVD, 3 ver. MLR; bestes Ergebniss (nach Kreuzvalidierung) lieferte MLR aus Z500 und T850 (nicht eindeutig wieviele PC verwendet (es ist die Rede von 4,7 und 9 bzw. 11)), als Gütemass wurde der RMSE verwendet. PY - 1999 SP - 91 -- 101 ST - Statistical downscaling in central Europe: evaluation of methods and potential predictors T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Statistical downscaling in central Europe: evaluation of methods and potential predictors VL - 13 ID - 1449 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND: The hot summer of 2003 brought about increased mortality in southern and western Europe, highlighting the health impact of heatwaves. No Austrian mortality data have yet been reported for this summer period. METHODS: Daily mortality data for Vienna between 1998 and 2004 were obtained from Statistics Austria and meteorological data from the Austrian Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Heatwaves were defined using the Kysely criterion. Daily mortality for May to September was predicted by a generalized additive model considering over-dispersion with Poisson deviates and a log link. Seasonal trend was accounted for by a natural spline, weekdays were modeled by dummy variables and heatwave days were included as dichotomous predictor. RESULTS: The average seasonal temperature for May to September in Vienna has increased by more than 1.7 degrees C during the last 35 years. In 2003 there was an excess of heatwave days, 44 overall, that resulted in an increased number of deaths, approximately 180, most of which were not due to 'harvesting'. Heatwave days between 1998 and 2004 were associated with a significantly increased relative mortality risk of 1.13 [95% confidence interval 1.09-1.17]. This increase was stronger in females than in males. Although excess mortality was seen in all age groups, it reached significance only in the elderly population over 65 years. DISCUSSION: An impact of heatwaves on mortality was apparent in Vienna, although not as pronounced as in France and south-western Europe. In 2003 at least 130 heatwave-related deaths in Vienna could have been avoided by prompt medical assistance and proper advice about how to cope with excessive thermal conditions. Preventive programs are warranted during heatwaves, especially to target elderly people, because the likelihood of heatwaves as a consequence of global warming is increasing. AU - Hutter, H.P. AU - Moshammer, H. AU - Wallner, P. AU - Leitner, B. AU - Kundi, M. DO - DOI: 10.1007/s00508-006-0742-7 IS - 7-8 PY - 2006 SP - 223-227 ST - Heatwaves in Vienna: Effects on mortality T2 - Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift TI - Heatwaves in Vienna: Effects on mortality UR - http://pubget.com/paper/17492349 VL - 119 ID - 1450 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The hot summer of 2003 brought about increased mortality in southern and western Europe, highlighting the health impact of heatwaves. No Austrian mortality data have yet been reported for this summer period. METHODS: Daily mortality data for Vienna between 1998 and 2004 were obtained from Statistics Austria and meteorological data from the Austrian Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics. Heatwaves were defined using the Kysely criterion. Daily mortality for May to September was predicted by a generalized additive model considering over-dispersion with Poisson deviates and a log link. Seasonal trend was accounted for by a natural spline, weekdays were modeled by dummy variables and heatwave days were included as dichotomous predictor. RESULTS: The average seasonal temperature for May to September in Vienna has increased by more than 1.7 degrees C during the last 35 years. In 2003 there was an excess of heatwave days, 44 overall, that resulted in an increased number of deaths, approximately 180, most of which were not due to 'harvesting'. Heatwave days between 1998 and 2004 were associated with a significantly increased relative mortality risk of 1.13 [95% confidence interval 1.09-1.17]. This increase was stronger in females than in males. Although excess mortality was seen in all age groups, it reached significance only in the elderly population over 65 years. DISCUSSION: An impact of heatwaves on mortality was apparent in Vienna, although not as pronounced as in France and south-western Europe. In 2003 at least 130 heatwave-related deaths in Vienna could have been avoided by prompt medical assistance and proper advice about how to cope with excessive thermal conditions. Preventive programs are warranted during heatwaves, especially to target elderly people, because the likelihood of heatwaves as a consequence of global warming is increasing. AU - Hutter, H.P. AU - Moshammer, H. AU - Wallner, P. AU - Leitner, B. AU - Kundi, M. IS - 7-8 PY - 2007 SP - 223-227 ST - Heatwaves in Vienna: effects on mortality T2 - Wien Klin Wochenschr. TI - Heatwaves in Vienna: effects on mortality VL - 119 ID - 1451 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Hyde, R. LB - hyde2000 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - E & FN SPON PY - 2000 ST - Climate Responsive Desig TI - Climate Responsive Desig ID - 1452 ER - TY - GEN AU - Österreich, Hydrographischer Dienst in CY - Wien PB - Zentralbüro des Hydrographischen Dienstes PY - 1994 ST - Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 1990 TI - Hydrographisches Jahrbuch von Österreich 1990 VL - Bd. 98 ID - 1453 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Hyll, W. AU - Vetters, N. AU - Prettenthaler, F. PY - 2003 ST - Risk Management and Public Welfare in the Face of Extreme Weather Events: What is the Optimal Mix of Private Insurance, Public Risk Pooling and Alternative Risk Transfer Mechanisms TI - Risk Management and Public Welfare in the Face of Extreme Weather Events: What is the Optimal Mix of Private Insurance, Public Risk Pooling and Alternative Risk Transfer Mechanisms UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 1454 ER - TY - JOUR AU - I.G LB - ig01 PY - 2001 ST - Global Change and the Earth System: A planet un T2 - GBP TI - Global Change and the Earth System: A planet un ID - 1455 ER - TY - JOUR AU - I.G. LB - ig01 PY - 2001 ST - Global Change and the Earth System: A planet un T2 - GBP TI - Global Change and the Earth System: A planet un ID - 1456 ER - TY - JOUR AU - I.J., Bassett AU - C.W., Crompton PY - 1975 SP - 463-476 ST - The biology of Canadian weeds. 11. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and A. psilostachya DC. T2 - Canadian Journal of Plant Science TI - The biology of Canadian weeds. 11. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. and A. psilostachya DC VL - 55 ID - 1457 ER - TY - GEN AU - Ibarrarán, Maria Eugenia. AU - Ruth, Matthias. AU - Ahmad, Sanjana. AU - London, Marisa. CY - London PY - 2009 SP - pp. 549 – 569 ST - Climate Change and Natural Disasters: Macroeconomic Performance and Distributional Impacts T2 - Environment, Development and Sustainability TI - Climate Change and Natural Disasters: Macroeconomic Performance and Distributional Impacts VL - Vol. 11, No.3 ID - 3636 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 338 AU - Iglesias, Ana AU - Avis, Keesje AU - Benzie, Magnus AU - Fisher, Paul AU - Harley, Mike AU - Hodgson, Nikki AU - Horrocks, Lisa AU - Moneo, Marta AU - Webb, Jim KW - Adaptation agriculture CAP climate change Europe Risk PB - AEA Energy & Environment and Universidad de Politecnica de Madrid PY - 2007 SN - AGRI/2006-G4-05 SP - 245 ST - Adaption to Climate Change in the Agricultural Sector - Report to European Commission Directorate - General for Agriculture and Rural Development TI - Adaption to Climate Change in the Agricultural Sector - Report to European Commission Directorate - General for Agriculture and Rural Development UR - http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/analysis/external/climate/final_en.pdf ID - 1458 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Illies, J. LB - illi52 PY - 1952 SP - 424-612 ST - Die Mölle T2 - Faunistisch-ökologische Untersuchung an einem Forellenbach im Lipper Bergland. Arch. f. Hydrobiol. TI - Die Mölle VL - 46 ID - 1459 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Illies, J. CY - Stuttgart LB - illi67 PB - G. Fischer Verlag PY - 1967 ST - Limnofauna Europaea TI - Limnofauna Europaea ID - 1460 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Illies, J. CY - Stuttgart LB - illi78 PB - G. Fischer Verlag PY - 1978 ST - Limnofauna Europaea. 2. überarbeitete und ergänzte Auflage TI - Limnofauna Europaea. 2. überarbeitete und ergänzte Auflage ID - 1461 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Illies, J. AU - Botosaneanu AU - L LB - illi63 PY - 1963 SP - 1-57 ST - Problemes et methodes de la classification et de la zonation ecologique des eaux courantes, considerees surtout du point de vue faunistique T2 - Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie. Mitteilungen TI - Problemes et methodes de la classification et de la zonation ecologique des eaux courantes, considerees surtout du point de vue faunistique VL - 12 ID - 1462 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Illies, J. AU - Botosaneanu AU - L. LB - illi63 PY - 1963 SP - 1-57 ST - Problemes et methodes de la classification et de la zonation ecologique des eaux courantes, considerees surtout du point de vue faunistique T2 - Internationale Vereinigung für theoretische und angewandte Limnologie. Mitteilungen TI - Problemes et methodes de la classification et de la zonation ecologique des eaux courantes, considerees surtout du point de vue faunistique VL - 12 ID - 1463 ER - TY - BOOK AU - imago-XremFlash, CMS PY - 2004 UR - http://galerie-insecte.org/galerie/ref-11352.htm ID - 1464 ER - TY - GEN AU - IMBW PB - Innenministerium Baden-Württtemberg PY - 1994 ST - Städtebauliche Lärmfibel. Hinweise für die Bauleitplanung. TI - Städtebauliche Lärmfibel. Hinweise für die Bauleitplanung. ID - 1465 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Haeberli, W., Hölzle, M., Dousse J.P., Gardaz, J.M., Imhof, M., Keller, F., Kunz P., Lugon. R. & E. Reynard A3 - Zürich, vdf Hochschulverlag an der ETH AU - IMHOF, M. CY - Zürich PY - 1996 SP - 25-33 ST - PERM – ein Programm für die automatisierte Kartierung von Permafrost in den Schweizer Alpen T2 - Simulation der Permafrostverbreitung in den Alpen mit geographischen Informationssystemen. Arbeitsbericht NFP 31 TI - PERM – ein Programm für die automatisierte Kartierung von Permafrost in den Schweizer Alpen ID - 1466 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Inouye, D. W. LB - inou00 PY - 2000 SP - 457-463 ST - The ecological and evolutionary significance of frost in the context of climate change T2 - Ecology Letters TI - The ecological and evolutionary significance of frost in the context of climate change VL - 3 ID - 1467 ER - TY - GEN AU - INSERM PY - 2007 ST - Canicule TI - Canicule ID - 1468 ER - TY - WEB AU - INSTITUT FÜR LANDWIRTSCHAFTLICHE KULTUREN GROSS LÜSEWITZ M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2006 ST - Jahresbericht 2006 TI - Jahresbericht 2006 UR - http://www.bafz.de/baz2006V4/uploads/media/JahresberichtBAZ2007_ILK_01.pdf ID - 1469 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - ZAMG Wien, Abteilung Klimatologie A2 - Freiburg, Universität A2 - Universität Wien, Institut für Physiologie A3 - Arbeit, Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und AU - Institut für Meteorologie, Department für Wasser, Atmosphere, Umwelt, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2004 ST - ACTIVE - Austrian Climate and Health Tourism Initiative TI - ACTIVE - Austrian Climate and Health Tourism Initiative ID - 1470 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - BMWA AU - Institut für Meteorologie, Department für Wasser-Atmosphäre-Umwelt, Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien CY - Wien PY - 2004 ST - Austrian Climate and Health Tourism Initiative (Active) TI - Austrian Climate and Health Tourism Initiative (Active) ID - 1471 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R.K. & Reisinger, A. (eds.) AU - 2007, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) CY - Geneva, Switzerland PB - IPCC PY - 2007 ST - Climate change 2007: Synthesis Report T2 - Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate change TI - Climate change 2007: Synthesis Report UR - http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/publications_ipcc_fourth_assessment_report_synthesis_report.htm VL - 104 ID - 1472 ER - TY - JOUR AU - IPCC LB - ipcc96 PY - 1996 SP - 570 ST - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change T2 - Climate Change TI - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change VL - 19 ID - 1473 ER - TY - JOUR AU - IPCC LB - ipcc01 PY - 2001 SP - 881 ST - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis T2 - Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Houghton, J. T., Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell and C. A. Jonson (eds)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA TI - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis ID - 1474 ER - TY - GEN AU - IPCC PY - 2001 SP - 34 ST - IPCC (2001): Climate Change 2001. Synthesis Report. Summary for Policymakers T2 - IPCC Third Assessment Report TI - IPCC (2001): Climate Change 2001. Synthesis Report. Summary for Policymakers ID - 1475 ER - TY - JOUR AU - IPCC LB - ipccd PY - 2001 SP - 1-27 ST - Klimawandel 2001: Auswirkungen, Anpassungen und Störanfälligkeit T2 - WGII 3rd Assessement Report TI - Klimawandel 2001: Auswirkungen, Anpassungen und Störanfälligkeit VL - 3rd ID - 1476 ER - TY - JOUR AU - IPCC LB - ipcc02 PY - 2002 SP - 86 ST - Climate Change and Biodiversity T2 - Technical Paper V TI - Climate Change and Biodiversity ID - 1477 ER - TY - BOOK AU - IPCC PY - 2007 SN - 978 0521 88009-1 ST - Climate Change 2007 - The Physical Science Basis T2 - Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC TI - Climate Change 2007 - The Physical Science Basis ID - 1478 ER - TY - GEN AU - IPCC CY - Cambridge ET - United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2007 ST - Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment T2 - Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Chapter 8: Agriculture TI - Climate Change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment ID - 3350 ER - TY - GEN AU - IPCC PB - IPCC PY - 2007 SP - 52 ST - Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report TI - Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report UR - http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr.pdf ID - 1479 ER - TY - RPRT AU - IPCC PY - 2007 ST - Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) (2007), Climate Change 2007 TI - Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) (2007), Climate Change 2007 ID - 1480 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Field, C.B., Barros, V., Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Dokken, D.J., Ebi, K.L., Mastrandrea, M.D., Mach, K.J., Plattner, G.K., Allen, S.K., Tignor, M., Midgley, P.M. (eds.) AU - IPCC CY - Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, and New York, NY, USA PY - 2012 SP - 594 ST - Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation T2 - A Special Report of Working Groups I and II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation ID - 1481 ER - TY - GEN AU - 2007, IPCC PB - Cambridge, U.K. and New York, USA, Cambridge University Press PY - 2007 ST - Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ID - 1482 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ipcc LB - ipcc96 PY - 1996 SP - 570 ST - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change T2 - Climate Change TI - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change VL - 19 ID - 1483 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Houghton, J. T., Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell and C. A. Jonson (eds)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA AU - Ipcc LB - ipcc01 PY - 2001 SN - ISBN 0521 80767 0 hardback ISBN 0521 01495 6 paperback SP - 881 ST - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis TI - Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis UR - http://www.csun.edu/~hmc60533/CSUN_630E_S2004/climate%20change/climate_change_2001_tech_summary.pdf ID - 1484 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ipcc LB - ipccd PY - 2001 SP - 1-27 ST - Klimawandel 2001: Auswirkungen, Anpassungen und Störanfälligkeit T2 - WGII 3rd Assessement Report TI - Klimawandel 2001: Auswirkungen, Anpassungen und Störanfälligkeit VL - 3rd ID - 1485 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ipcc LB - ipcc02 PY - 2002 SP - 86 ST - Climate Change and Biodiversity T2 - Technical Paper V TI - Climate Change and Biodiversity ID - 1486 ER - TY - RPRT AU - International, IPK PB - BMWA, Wien PY - 1996 ST - Sommer – Urlaub Österreich T2 - Untersuchung am deutschen Markt, Band 2-Dokumentation/Tabellen TI - Sommer – Urlaub Österreich ID - 1487 ER - TY - RPRT AU - International, IPK PB - BMWA, Wien PY - 2003 ST - Sommer – Urlaub Österreich T2 - Untersuchung am deutschen Markt, Kurzfassung TI - Sommer – Urlaub Österreich ID - 1488 ER - TY - GEN A2 - BMWA AU - International, IPK PY - 2003 ST - Sommer-Urlaub in Österreich T2 - Untersuchung am deutschen Markt TI - Sommer-Urlaub in Österreich ID - 1489 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We investigated the impact of drought on the physiology of 41-year-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in central Scotland. Measurements were made of the seasonal course of transpiration, canopy stomatal conductance, needle water potential, xylem water content, soil-to-needle hydraulic resistance, and growth. Comparison was made between drought-treated plots and those receiving average precipitation. In response to drought, transpiration rate declined once volumetric water content (VWC) over the top 20 cm of soil reached a threshold value of 12%. Thereafter, transpiration was a near linear function of soil water content. As the soil water deficit developed, the hydraulic resistance between soil and needles increased by a factor of three as predawn needle water potential declined from 0.54 to 0.71 MPa. A small but significant increase in xylem embolism was detected in 1-year-old shoots. Stomatal control of transpiration prevented needle water potential from declining below 1.5 MPa. Basal area, and shoot and needle growth were significantly reduced in the drought treatment. In the year following the drought, canopy stomatal conductance and soil-to-needle hydraulic resistance recovered. Current-year needle extension recovered, but a significant reduction in basal area increment was evident one year after the drought. The results suggest that, in response to soil water deficit, mature Scots pine closes its stomata sufficiently to prevent the development of substantial xylem embolism. Reduced growth in the year after a severe soil water deficit is most likely to be the result of reduced assimilation in the year of the drought, rather than to any residual embolism carried over from one year to the next. AD - Inst. of Ecol. and Rsrc. Management, University of Edinburgh, Darwin Building, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JU, United Kingdom Irvine, J. Inst. of Ecology/Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, Darwin Building, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JU, United Kingdom AU - Irvine, J. AU - Perks, M. P. AU - Magnani, F. AU - Grace, J. 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J. For. Res., 14, pp. 692-700 PY - 1998 SN - 0829318X SP - 393-402 ST - The response of Pinus sylvestris to drought: Stomatal control of transpiration and hydraulic conductance T2 - Tree Physiology TI - The response of Pinus sylvestris to drought: Stomatal control of transpiration and hydraulic conductance UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031804232&partnerID=40&md5=1c0533769f9a2e9b3f8f838b121e77ea VL - 18 ID - 1490 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND:Europe has experienced warmer summers in the past two decades and there is a need to describe the determinants of heat-related mortality to better inform public health activities during hot weather. We investigated the effect of high temperatures on daily mortality in three cities in Europe (Budapest, London, and Milan), using a standard approach.METHODS:An ecological time-series study of daily mortality was conducted in three cities using Poisson generalized linear models allowing for over-dispersion. Secular trends in mortality and seasonal confounding factors were controlled for using cubic smoothing splines of time. Heat exposure was modelled using average values of the temperature measure on the same day as death (lag 0) and the day before (lag 1). The heat effect was quantified assuming a linear increase in risk above a cut-point for each city. Socio-economic status indicators and census data were linked with mortality data for stratified analyses.RESULTS:The risk of heat-related death increased with age, and females had a greater risk than males in age groups [greater than or equal to]65 years in London and Milan. The relative risks of mortality (per degreesC) above the heat cut-point by gender and age were: (i) Male 1.10 (95%CI: 1.07-1.12) and Female 1.07 (1.05-1.10) for 75-84 years, (ii) M 1.10 (1.06-1.14) and F 1.08 (1.06-1.11) for [greater than or equal to]85 years in Budapest ([greater than or equal to]24degreesC); (i) M 1.03 (1.01-1.04) and F 1.07 (1.05-1.09), (ii) M 1.05 (1.03-1.07) and F 1.08 (1.07-1.10) in London ([greater than or equal to]20degreesC); and (i) M 1.08 (1.03-1.14) and F 1.20 (1.15-1.26), (ii) M 1.18 (1.11-1.26) and F 1.19 (1.15-1.24) in Milan ([greater than or equal to]26degreesC). Mortality from external causes increases at higher temperatures as well as that from respiratory and cardiovascular disease. There was no clear evidence of effect modification by socio-economic status in either Budapest or London, but there was a seemingly higher risk for affluent non-elderly adults in Milan.CONCLUSION:We found broadly consistent determinants (age, gender, and cause of death) of heat related mortality in three European cities using a standard approach. Our results are consistent with previous evidence for individual determinants, and also confirm the lack of a strong socio-economic gradient in heat health effects currently in Europe. AN - doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-5 AU - Ishigami, Ai AU - Hajat, Shakoor AU - Kovats, R Sari AU - Bisanti, Luigi AU - Rognoni, Magda AU - Russo, Antonio AU - Paldy, Anna IS - 1 PY - 2008 SN - 1476-069X SP - 5 ST - An ecological time-series study of heat-related mortality in three European cities T2 - Environmental Health TI - An ecological time-series study of heat-related mortality in three European cities UR - http://www.ehjournal.net/content/7/1/5 VL - 7 ID - 1491 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In order to map mountain permafrost distribution and to discuss geomorphological indicators for permafrost on the Daisetsu Mountains, BTS measurements and DC resistivity soundings were conducted. Low BTS values were obtained on north-facing slopes at elevations above 2050 m and sporadically below 1900 m. DC resistivity soundings indicate that the permafrost thickness is from 6 to 26 m at elevations above 2050 m, and less than several metres below 1900 m. A diagnostic BTS value of −°C for permafrost occurrence was examined by means of DC resistivity soundings. The diagnostic BTS value disagreed with the results from the DC resistivity soundings in areas with sporadic permafrost. Both BTS measurements and DC resistivity soundings indicate the permafrost is continuous beneath north-facing and wind-blown ground at elevations above 2100 m and sporadic between 1750 and 1900 m. This distribution is controlled by local factors such as slope direction and snow accumulation. At elevations above 2100 m, blockstreams on north-facing slopes experience creep phenomena, reflecting the presence of permafrost. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Pour cartographier la distribution du pergélisol et pour discuter des indicateurs de pergélisol dans les montagnes Daisetsu, des mesures BTS et des sondages de résistivité DC ont été réalisés. De faibles valeurs de BTS ont été obtenues sur les pentes exposées au nord à des altitudes au-dessus de 2050 m ainsi que sporadiquement sous 1900 m. Les sondages de résistivité indiquent que l'épaisseur du pergélisol varie de 6 à 26 m aux altitudes supérieures à 2050 m et est inférieure à quelques mètres en dessous de 1900 m. Une valeur diagnostique de BTS de −2°C pour la présence de pergélisol a été confrontée aux résultats des mesures de résistivité. La valeur diagnostique BTS ne correspond pas aux mesures de résistivité dans les régions de pergélisol sporadique. A la fois les mesures BTS et de résistivité indiquent l'existence d'un pergélisol continu sous les pentes exposées au nord et sous les surfaces dégagées de la neige par le vent aux altitudes supérieures à 2100 m et sporadiquement entre 1750 et 1900 m. Cette distribution est contrôlée par des facteurs locaux comme l'orientation des pentes et l'accumulation de neige. Aux altitudes supérieures à 2100 m, des coulées de blocs s'étirant sur des pentes exposées au nord subissent des phénomènes de creep attestant la présence d'un pergélisol. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AU - Ishikawa, Mamoru AU - Hirakawa, Kazuomi DO - 10.1002/1099-1530(200004/06)11:2<109::AID-PPP343>3.0.CO;2-O IS - 2 KW - BTS measurement DC resistivity sounding Daisetsu Mountains mountain permafrost permafrost creep PY - 2000 SN - 1099-1530 SP - 109-123 ST - Mountain permafrost distribution based on BTS measurements and DC resistivity soundings in the Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Japan T2 - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes TI - Mountain permafrost distribution based on BTS measurements and DC resistivity soundings in the Daisetsu Mountains, Hokkaido, Japan UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1530(200004/06)11:2<109::AID-PPP343>3.0.CO VL - 11 ID - 1492 ER - TY - GEN AU - ISO LB - iso1999 N1 - Insurance Services Office PY - 1999 ST - Financing Catastrophic Risks: Capital Market Solutions TI - Financing Catastrophic Risks: Capital Market Solutions ID - 1493 ER - TY - GEN AU - Iso LB - iso1999 N1 - Insurance Services Office PY - 1999 ST - Financing Catastrophic Risks: Capital Market Solutions TI - Financing Catastrophic Risks: Capital Market Solutions ID - 1494 ER - TY - JOUR AU - IUCN LB - iucn00 PY - 2000 SP - (2000) ST - Guidelines for the prevention of biodiversity loss due to biological invasions TI - Guidelines for the prevention of biodiversity loss due to biological invasions ID - 1495 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Iucn LB - iucn00 PY - 2000 SP - (2000) ST - Guidelines for the prevention of biodiversity loss due to biological invasions TI - Guidelines for the prevention of biodiversity loss due to biological invasions ID - 1496 ER - TY - CONF A3 - Zerefos, C.S. 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A 14-year study in Vienna, Austria. Aerobiologia. TI - Ragweed sensitisation rates correlate with the amount of inhaled air-borne pollen. A 14-year study in Vienna, Austria. Aerobiologia ID - 1515 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Jahrbuch, Statistisches CY - Wien LB - kk1875 PB - Verlag von Faesy und Frick / k.k. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1875 ST - Statistisches Jahrbuch Des K.K. Ackerbau-Ministeriums Für 1874. 1874-1913 TI - Statistisches Jahrbuch Des K.K. Ackerbau-Ministeriums Für 1874. 1874-1913 ID - 1516 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jakob, . AU - et al. PY - 2005 ST - unpublished report within the EU-project prudence - Prediction of Re-gional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining EuropeaN Climate change risks and Ef-fects. TI - unpublished report within the EU-project prudence - Prediction of Re-gional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining EuropeaN Climate change risks and Ef-fects ID - 1517 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Jakob, M., Jochem, E. and K. Christen CY - Zürich PY - 2002 ST - Grenzkosten bei forcierten Energie-Effizienzmaßnahmen in Wohngebäuden. TI - Grenzkosten bei forcierten Energie-Effizienzmaßnahmen in Wohngebäuden ID - 1518 ER - TY - UNPB AU - Jakob AU - et al. PY - 2005 ST - unpublished report within the EU-project prudence - Prediction of Re-gional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining EuropeaN Climate change risks and Ef-fects. TI - unpublished report within the EU-project prudence - Prediction of Re-gional scenarios and Uncertainties for Defining EuropeaN Climate change risks and Effects ID - 1519 ER - TY - JOUR AU - James, P. M. PY - 1998 SP - 1287-1303 ST - A climatology of ozone mini-holes over the northern hemisphere T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - A climatology of ozone mini-holes over the northern hemisphere VL - 18 ID - 1520 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Janchen, E. PY - 1956 ST - Catalogus Florae Austriae 1. Springer Verlag (Wien). TI - Catalogus Florae Austriae 1. Springer Verlag (Wien) ID - 1521 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Janchen, E. PB - Springer Verlag (Wien) PY - 1956-1960 ST - Catalogus Florae Austriae 1. Springer Verlag (Wien). TI - Catalogus Florae Austriae 1. ID - 1522 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We analyzed one year of continuous soil respiration measurements to assess variations in the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration at a Danish beech forest. A single temperature function derived from all measurements across the year (Q10 = 4.2) was adequate for estimating the total annual soil respiration and its seasonal evolution. However, Q10's derived from weekly datasets ranged between three in summer (at a mean soil temperature of 14 °C) and 23 in winter (at 2 °C), indicating that the annual temperature function underestimated the synoptic variations in soil respiration during winter. These results highlight that empirical models should be parameterized at a time resolution similar to that required by the output of the model. If the objective of the model is to simulate the total annual soil respiration rate, annual parameterization suffices. If however, soil respiration needs to be simulated over time periods from days to weeks, as is the case when soil respiration is compared to total ecosystem respiration during synoptic weather patterns, more short-term parameterization is required. Despite the higher wintertime Q10's, the absolute response of soil respiration to temperature was smaller in winter than in summer. This is mainly because in absolute numbers, the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration depends not only on Q10, but also on the rate of soil respiration, which is highly reduced in winter. Nonetheless, the Q10 of soil respiration in winter was larger than can be explained by the decreasing respiration rate only. Because the seasonal changes in Q10 were negatively correlated with temperature and positively correlated with soil moisture, they could also be related to changing temperature and/or soil moisture conditions. AD - Department of Biology, University of Antwerpen (UIA), Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk B-2610, Belgium Plant Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, PO Box 49, Roskilde 4000, Denmark Janssens, I.A. Department of Biologie, Universiteit of Antwerpen, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk B-2610, Belgium email: ivan.janssens@ua.ac.be AU - Janssens, I. A. AU - Pilegaard, K. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00636.x IS - 6 J2 - Global Change Biol. KW - Empirical model Fagus sylvatica L. Soil moisture Soil respiration Soil temperature Temperature sensitivity carbon cycle forest soil global change modeling parameterization seasonal variation soil respiration Denmark Fagus Fagus sylvatica LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):192 References: Andrews, J.A., Matamala, R., Westover, K.M., Temperature effects on the diversity of soil heterotrophs and the δ13C of soil-respired CO2 (2000) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32, pp. 699-706; Cox, P.M., Betts, R.A., Jones, C.D., Acceleration of global warming due to carbon-cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model (2000) Nature, 408, pp. 184-187; Davidson, E.A., Belk, E., Boone, R.D., Soil water content and temperature as independent or confounded factors controlling soil respiration in a temperate mixed hardwood forest (1998) Global Change Biology, 4, pp. 217-227; Davidson, E.A., Trumbore, S.E., Amundson, R., Soil warming and organic carbon content (2000) Nature, 408, pp. 789-790; Drewitt, G.B., Black, T.A., Nesic, Z., Measuring forest floor CO2 fluxes in a Douglas-fir forest (2002) Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 110, pp. 299-317; Giardina, C.P., Ryan, M.G., Evidence that decomposition rates of organic carbon in mineral soil do not vary with temperature (2000) Nature, 404, pp. 858-861; (2001) Climate Change 2001, pp. 183-237. , IPCC Third Assessment Report of the IPCC. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; Janssens, I.A., Dore, S., Epron, D., Climatic influences on seasonal and spatial differences in soil CO2 efflux (2003) Canopy Fluxes of Energy, Water and Carbon Dioxide of European Forests, pp. 235-256. , (ed. Valentini R), Springer-Verlag, Berlin; Janssens, I.A., Lankreijer, H., Matteucci, G., Productivity overshadows temperature in determining soil and ecosystem respiration across European forests (2001) Global Change Biology, 7, pp. 269-278; Kirschbaum, M.U.F., The temperature dependence of soil organic matter decomposition, and the effect of global warming on soil organic C storage (1995) Biogeochemistry, 27, pp. 753-760; Lavigne, M.B., Ryan, M.G., Anderson, D.E., Comparing nocturnal eddy covariance measurements to estimates of ecosystem respiration made by scaling chamber measurements at six coniferous boreal sites (1997) Journal of Geophysical Research, 102, pp. 28977-28985; Lloyd, J., Taylor, J.A., On the temperature dependence of soil respiration (1994) Functional Ecology, 8, pp. 315-323; Luo, Y., Wan, S., Hui, D., Acclimatization of soil respiration to warming in a tall grass prairie (2001) Nature, 413, pp. 622-625; Mosier, A.R., Gas flux measurement techniques with special reference to techniques suitable for measurements over large ecologically uniform areas (1990) Soils and the Greenhouse Effect, pp. 289-301. , (ed. Bouwman AF), John Wiley and Sons. Chichester; Pilegaard, K., Hummelshøj, P., Jensen, N.O., Two years of continuous CO2 eddy-flux measurements over a Danish beech forest (2001) Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 107, pp. 29-41; Raich, J.W., Schlesinger, W.H., The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate (1992) Tellus, 44 B, pp. 81-99; Rayment, M.B., Jarvis, P.G., Temporal and spatial variation of soil CO2 efflux in a Canadian boreal forest (2000) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32, pp. 35-45; Schleser, G.H., The response of CO2 evolution from soils in response to global temperature changes (1982) Z. Naturforschung, 37 A, pp. 287-291; Tjoelker, M.G., Oleksyn, J., Reich, P.B., Modelling respiration of vegetation: Evidence for a general temperature-dependent Q10 (2001) Global Change Biology, 7, pp. 223-230; Valentini, R., Matteucci, G., Dolman, A.J., Respiration as the main determinant of European forests carbon balance (2000) Nature, 404, pp. 861-865; van 't Hoff, J.H., Lectures on theoretical and physical chemistry (1898) Chemical Dynamics, (PART 1), pp. 224-229. , Edward Arnold, London; Xu, M., Qi, Y., Spatial and seasonal variations of Q10 determined by soil respiration measurements at a Sierra Nevadan forest (2001) Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 15, pp. 687-696 PY - 2003 SN - 13541013 SP - 911-918 ST - Large seasonal changes in Q10 of soil respiration in a beech forest T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Large seasonal changes in Q10 of soil respiration in a beech forest UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0038419829&partnerID=40&md5=ed8ae7a6887a90e18b864226b576b764 VL - 9 ID - 3431 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Janssens, Ivan A AU - Pilegaard, Kim LB - janssens:03b PY - 2003 SP - 911-918 ST - Large scale seasonal changes in Q10 of soil respiration in a beech forest T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Large scale seasonal changes in Q10 of soil respiration in a beech forest VL - 9 ID - 1523 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jansson, R. AU - Dynesius AU - M LB - jans02 PY - 2002 SP - 741-777 ST - The fate of clades in a world of recurrent climatic change: Milankovitch oscillations and evolution T2 - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. TI - The fate of clades in a world of recurrent climatic change: Milankovitch oscillations and evolution VL - 33 ID - 1524 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jansson, R. AU - Dynesius AU - M. LB - jans02 PY - 2002 SP - 741-777 ST - The fate of clades in a world of recurrent climatic change: Milankovitch oscillations and evolution T2 - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. TI - The fate of clades in a world of recurrent climatic change: Milankovitch oscillations and evolution VL - 33 ID - 1525 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Janu, Stefan. AU - Mehlhorn, Susanne. AU - Moser, Markus. PY - 2012 ST - Ereignisdokumentation und Analyse des Ereignisses vom 21. Juli 2012 in St. Lorenzen TI - Ereignisdokumentation und Analyse des Ereignisses vom 21. Juli 2012 in St. Lorenzen ID - 3638 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Agriculture contributes 40-60% of the total annual N2O emissions to the atmosphere. Development of management practices to reduce these emissions would have a significant impact on greenhouse gas levels. Non-leguminous cover crops are efficient scavengers of residual soil NO3, thereby reducing leaching losses. However, the effect of a grass cover crop on N2O emissions from soil receiving liquid swine manure has not been evaluated. This study investigated: (i) the temporal patterns of N2O emissions following addition of swine manure slurry in a laboratory setting under fluctuating soil moisture regimes; (ii) assessed the potential of a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop to decrease N2O emissions under these conditions: and (iii) quantified field N2O emissions in response to either spring applied urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) or different rates of fall-applied liquid swine manure, in the presence or absence of a rye/oat winter cover crop. Laboratory experiments investigating cover crop effects N2O emissions were performed in a controlled environment chamber programmed fora 14 h light period, 18 degrees C day temperature, and 15 degrees C night temperature. Treatments with or without a living rye cover crop were treated with either: (i) no manure: (ii) a phosphorus-based manure application rate (low manure): or (iii) a nitrogen-based manure application rate (high manure). We observed a significant reduction in N2O emissions in the presence of the rye cover crop. Field experiments were performed on a fine-loamy soil in Central Iowa from October 12, 2005 to October 2, 2006. We observed no significant effect of the cover crop on cumulative N2O emissions in the field. The primary factor influencing N2O emission was N application rate, regardless of form or timing. The response of N2O emission to N additions was non-linear, with progressively more N2O emitted with increasing N application. These results indicate that while cover crops have the potential to reduce N2O emissions, N application rate may be the overriding factor. AU - Jarecki, M.K. AU - Parkin, T.B. AU - Chan, A.S.K. AU - Kaspar, T.C. AU - Moorman, T.B. AU - Singer, J.W. AU - Kerr, B.J. AU - Hatfield, J.L. AU - Jones, R. DO - 10.1016/j.agee.2 IS - 1-2 KW - Climates: Continental (D). Warm summer continental/Hemiboreal (Dsb, Dfb, Dwb). Cropping Systems: Maize. Cover cropping. Oats. Rye. Soybean. Countries: USA LA - English PY - 2009 RP - Elsevier SE - 29 SN - 10.1016/j.agee.2 SP - 29-35 ST - Cover crop effects on nitrous oxide emission from a manure-treated Mollisol T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment TI - Cover crop effects on nitrous oxide emission from a manure-treated Mollisol VL - 134 ID - 3351 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Helga Kromp-Kolb, Martin Treberspurg und Andreas Muhar et al AU - Jaros, Marion ST - Klimawandel - Anpassungsbedarf und Anassungsstrategien für Großstädte am Beispiel Wien. Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf thermischen Komfort und Energiebedarf ausgewählter Wiener Gebäude und Integration von Anpassungsstrategien in die Praxis - unter gleichzeitiger Berücksichtigung von Aspekten des Klimaschutzes TI - Klimawandel - Anpassungsbedarf und Anassungsstrategien für Großstädte am Beispiel Wien. Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf thermischen Komfort und Energiebedarf ausgewählter Wiener Gebäude und Integration von Anpassungsstrategien in die Praxis - unter gleichzeitiger Berücksichtigung von Aspekten des Klimaschutzes ID - 1526 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jedrzejewska, B. AU - Brzenzinski, M. AU - Jedrzejewski, W. LB - jedr03 PY - 2003 SP - 86 ST - Saesonal dynamics and breeding of amphibians in pristine forests (Bialowieza National Park, E Poland T2 - Folia Zool. TI - Saesonal dynamics and breeding of amphibians in pristine forests (Bialowieza National Park, E Poland VL - 52 ID - 1527 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jeffree, C. E. AU - Jeffree AU - E.P LB - jeff96 PY - 1996 SP - 562-577 ST - Redistribution of the potential geographical ranges of mistletoe and colorado beetle in Europe in response to the temperature component of climate change T2 - Funct. Ecol. TI - Redistribution of the potential geographical ranges of mistletoe and colorado beetle in Europe in response to the temperature component of climate change VL - 10 ID - 1528 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jeffree, C.E. AU - Jeffree AU - E.P. LB - jeff96 PY - 1996 SP - 562-577 ST - Redistribution of the potential geographical ranges of mistletoe and colorado beetle in Europe in response to the temperature component of climate change T2 - Funct. Ecol. TI - Redistribution of the potential geographical ranges of mistletoe and colorado beetle in Europe in response to the temperature component of climate change VL - 10 ID - 1529 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jehle, R. AU - Pauli-Thonke, A. AU - J AU - Tamning AU - Hödl, W. LB - jehl97 PY - 1997 SP - 119-132 ST - Phänologie und Wanderverhalten des Donaukammolches (Triturus dobrogicus) auf der Wiener Donauinsel T2 - Stapfia TI - Phänologie und Wanderverhalten des Donaukammolches (Triturus dobrogicus) auf der Wiener Donauinsel VL - 51 ID - 1530 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jehle, R. AU - Pauli-Thonke, A. AU - J. AU - Tamning AU - Hödl, W. LB - jehl97 PY - 1997 SP - 119-132 ST - Phänologie und Wanderverhalten des Donaukammolches (Triturus dobrogicus) auf der Wiener Donauinsel T2 - Stapfia TI - Phänologie und Wanderverhalten des Donaukammolches (Triturus dobrogicus) auf der Wiener Donauinsel VL - 51 ID - 1531 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jehlík, V. PY - 1995 SP - 149-160 ST - Occurrence of alien expansive plant species at railway junctions of the Czech Republic. T2 - Ochrana Rostlin TI - Occurrence of alien expansive plant species at railway junctions of the Czech Republic. VL - 31(2) ID - 1532 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jellison, W. L., Epler, E., Kuhns, E., Kohls, G.M. PY - 1950 ST - Tularemia in man from a domestic rural water supply. Pub. Health Rept. 65, 1219-1226. TI - Tularemia in man from a domestic rural water supply. Pub. Health Rept. 65, 1219-1226 ID - 1533 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jellison, W. L. AU - E., Epler AU - E., Kuhns AU - M., Kohls G. PY - 1950 SP - 1219-1226 ST - Tularemia in man from a domestic rural water supply. Pub. Health Rept. 65, 1219-1226. T2 - Pub. Health Rept. TI - Tularemia in man from a domestic rural water supply VL - 65 ID - 1534 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jenni, L. AU - M, K. é LB - jenn03 PY - 2003 SP - 1467-1471 ST - Timing of autumn bird migration under climate change: advances in long-distance migrants, delays in short-distance migrants T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Timing of autumn bird migration under climate change: advances in long-distance migrants, delays in short-distance migrants VL - 27 ID - 1535 ER - TY - GEN AU - Jesus, Amando P de ST - Green architecture in Asia. ASEAN energy efficiency and conservation best practices competition in buildings TI - Green architecture in Asia. ASEAN energy efficiency and conservation best practices competition in buildings ID - 1536 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study presents a methodology for risk analysis and assessment of drought disaster to agricultural production in the maize-growing area of Songliao Plain of China based on Geographical Information Systems (GIS) from the viewpoints of climatology, geography, disaster science, and environmental science and so on. Crop yield–climate analysis and regression analysis were employed to analyze and quantify relationships between the fluctuation of maize yield and agro-meteorological disasters, and to evaluate the consequences of drought disaster based on historical climate, crop yield, crop sown area, crop damaged area and crop loss data from 41 maize-producing districts of Songliao Plain (1949–1990). The model of risk assessment of drought disaster combined the occurrence frequency, duration and intensity of drought, spatial extent of damage caused by drought and regional production level of maize were developed using a method of quantitative risk analysis. It is shown that drought was the greatest agro-meteorological disaster. Among all agro-meteorological disasters, drought occurs with the highest frequency, covers the largest area, and causes the greatest loss to agricultural production and economy in the region. From 1949 to 1990, the negative value years of the fluctuation of maize yield due to agro-meteorological disasters accounted for 55%, of which 60% was caused by drought. A significant positive relationship between the negative values of fluctuation of maize yield and drought affected area was found, which indicates that the adverse impacts of drought on maize production are similar to the damage extent of drought disaster. According to the risk extent of drought disaster to maize, the Songliao Plain was divided into four sub-regions: high risk zone, medium risk zone, low risk area and slight risk zone by using fuzzy cluster analysis. It showed the risk degree of drought disaster in the Songliao Plain increases gradually from south to north and from east to west. The information obtained from interviewing the district official committees in relation to result compiled was statistically evaluated. The results obtained in this study can provide the basis for developing strategies to mitigate drought and reducing the losses, and to ensure agricultural sustainable development. AU - Jiquan, Zhang IS - 2 KW - Drought disaster Risk assessment Crop yield–climate analysis Fuzzy cluster analysis Maize Songliao Plain N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2003.08.003 PY - 2004 SN - 0167-8809 SP - 133-153 ST - Risk assessment of drought disaster in the maize-growing region of Songliao Plain, China T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment TI - Risk assessment of drought disaster in the maize-growing region of Songliao Plain, China UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880903002810 VL - 102 ID - 1537 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Joanneum M1 - 18.07.2011 PB - http://www.joanneum.at/no_cache/jr/publikationen.html ST - Publikationen TI - Publikationen ID - 1538 ER - TY - GEN AU - RESEARCH, JOANNEUM CY - Graz PY - 1994 ST - Handbuch für Energieberater TI - Handbuch für Energieberater ID - 1539 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Joergensen, Rainer Georg AU - Emmerling, Christoph LB - joergensen:06 PY - 2006 SP - 295-309 ST - Methods for evaluating human impact on soil microorganisms based on their activity, biomass, and diversity in agricultural soils T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science TI - Methods for evaluating human impact on soil microorganisms based on their activity, biomass, and diversity in agricultural soils VL - 169 ID - 1540 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Jogan, N. PB - Miklavz na Dravskem polju PY - 2001 SP - 443 ST - Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije. Center za Kartografijo Faune in Flore, Miklavz na Dravskem polju. TI - Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije. Center za Kartografijo Faune in Flore ID - 1541 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Jogan, N. PY - 2001 SP - 443 pp. ST - Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije. Center za Kartografijo Faune in Flore, Miklavz na Dravskem polju. TI - Gradivo za Atlas flore Slovenije. Center za Kartografijo Faune in Flore, Miklavz na Dravskem polju ID - 1542 ER - TY - WEB AU - Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität M1 - 29.5.2011. PY - 2009 ST - Klimawandel: Begrünung von Städten kann Hitzewellen abschwächen und so Gesundheitsgefährdungen senken TI - Klimawandel: Begrünung von Städten kann Hitzewellen abschwächen und so Gesundheitsgefährdungen senken UR - http://www.uni-mainz.de/presse/29363.php ID - 1543 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Johannesson, T. AU - Jonsson, T. AU - Källen, E. AU - Kaas, E. DA - Dec. IS - 3 LB - johannesson1995 PY - 1995 SP - 181 - 195 ST - Climate change scenarios for the Nordic countries T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Climate change scenarios for the Nordic countries VL - 5 ID - 1544 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jóhannesson, Tomas AU - Jónsson, Trausti AU - Källén, Erland AU - Kaas, Eigil DA - December LB - joha95a N1 - behandelt allgemeine features von GCMs; verknüpft mit regr.rechnung monatliche stationsdaten (10 st.) mit eof analysierten druckfeldern; hohe korrelat. koeffs; stellt resultate aus früheren arbeiten (kaas) vor die starke veränderungen in temp. und prec. bringen; erhält selbst schwache +verändeungen; methode ~ wie bei uns (matu00A); PY - 1995 SP - 181-195 ST - Climate change scenarios for the Nordic countries T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Climate change scenarios for the Nordic countries VL - 5 ID - 1545 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Johns, C. V. AU - Beaumont AU - L.J AU - Hughes AU - L LB - john03 PY - 2003 SP - 169-178 ST - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on development and consumtion rates of Octotoma championi and O T2 - scabripennis feeding on Lantana camara. Ent. Exp. Appl. TI - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on development and consumtion rates of Octotoma championi and O VL - 10 ID - 1546 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Johns, C.V. AU - Beaumont AU - L.J. AU - Hughes AU - L. LB - john03 PY - 2003 SP - 169-178 ST - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on development and consumtion rates of Octotoma championi and O T2 - scabripennis feeding on Lantana camara. Ent. Exp. Appl. TI - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on development and consumtion rates of Octotoma championi and O VL - 10 ID - 1547 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper describes a retrospective analysis of the impact of the 2003 heat wave on mortality in England and Wales, and compares this with rapid estimates based on the Office for National Statistics routine weekly deaths reporting system. Daily mortality data for 4 to 13 August 2003, when temperatures were much hotter than normally seen in England, were compared with averages for the same period in years 1998 to 2002. The August 2003 heat wave was associated with a large short-term increase in mortality, particularly in London. Ozone and particulate matter concentrations were also elevated during the heat wave. Overall, there were 2139 (16%) excess deaths in England and Wales. Worst affected were people over the age of 75 years. The impact was greatest in the London region where deaths in those over the age of 75 increased by 59%. Estimated excess mortality was greater than for other recent heat waves in the United Kingdom. The estimated number of deaths registered each week is reported by the Office for National Statistics. The first clear indication of a substantial increase in deaths was published on 21 August 2003. This provided a quick first estimate of the number of deaths attributable to the heat wave and reflected the pattern of daily deaths in relation to the hottest days, but underestimated the excess when compared with the later analysis. AU - Johnson, H. AU - Kovats, S. AU - McGregor, G. AU - Stedman, J. AU - Gibbs, M. AU - Walton, H. IS - 7 PY - 2005 SP - 558 ST - The impact of the 2003 heat wave on daily mortality in England and Wales and the use of rapid weekly mortality estimates T2 - Eurosurveillance TI - The impact of the 2003 heat wave on daily mortality in England and Wales and the use of rapid weekly mortality estimates UR - http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=558 VL - 10 ID - 1548 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The purposes of this article are to position mixed methods research (mixed research is a synonym) as the natural complement to traditional qualitative and quantitative research, to present pragmatism as offering an attractive philosophical partner for mixed methods research, and to provide a framework for designing and conducting mixed methods research. In doing this, we briefly review the paradigm “wars” and incompatibility thesis, we show some commonalities between quantitative and qualitative research, we explain the tenets of pragmatism, we explain the fundamental principle of mixed research and how to apply it, we provide specific sets of designs for the two major types of mixed methods research (mixed-model designs and mixed-method designs), and, finally, we explain mixed methods research as following (recursively) an eight-step process. A key feature of mixed methods research is its methodological pluralism or eclecticism, which frequently results in superior research (compared to monomethod research). Mixed methods research will be successful as more investigators study and help advance its concepts and as they regularly practice it. AU - Johnson, R. Burke AU - Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J. DO - 10.3102/0013189X033007014 IS - 7 PY - 2004 SP - 14-26 ST - Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come T2 - Educational Researcher TI - Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come UR - http://edr.sagepub.com/content/33/7/14.abstract VL - 33 ID - 3526 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Johnston, K. J. M. V. E. R. Hoef K. Krivoruchko and N. Lucas PY - 2001 ST - Using ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst. ESRI, Redlands, USA. TI - Using ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst. ESRI, Redlands, USA ID - 1549 ER - TY - JOUR AU - JOHNSTON, K., J.M. VER HOEF, K. KRIVORUCHKO and N. LUCAS PY - 2001 ST - Using ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst. ESRI, Redlands, USA. TI - Using ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst. ESRI, Redlands, USA ID - 1550 ER - TY - JOUR AU - JOLIVET IS - 9, 13, 21 PY - 1951 SP - 1-11, 1 - 12. 1 - 47 ST - Contribution á l Etude du genre Gastrophysa Chevrolat T2 - Inst. royal. d. Sc. nat. de Belgique, Bruxelles TI - Contribution á l Etude du genre Gastrophysa Chevrolat VL - XXVII ID - 1551 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jolliffe, I. T. LB - joll1987a PY - 1987 SP - 511-520 ST - Rotation of principal components: Some Comments T2 - J. Climatelimatology TI - Rotation of principal components: Some Comments VL - 7 ID - 1552 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jolliffe, I. T. AU - Uddin, M. AU - Vines, S. K. DA - April IS - 3 LB - joll2002a PY - 2002 SP - 271--279 ST - Simplified EOFs---three alternatives to rotation T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Simplified EOFs---three alternatives to rotation VL - 20 ID - 1553 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Jolliffe, I.T. M1 - Second Edition PB - Springer PY - 2002 SE - 173-177 ST - Principle Component Analysis TI - Principle Component Analysis ID - 1554 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To assess the impacts of future climatic change, we need a better understanding of the relationships between debris flows dynamic and the climate. The subject of this paper is the variability in the response of debris flows to climatic change in recent decades in the Massif des Ecrins (French Alps). The climatic trend observed in the French Alps was characterized by analyzing data on extreme summer rainfall events recorded daily at nine stations located all over the Massif des Ecrins since 1960. According to the generalized Pareto law (GPD) our results showed that extreme summer rainfalls have increased significantly in the Massif des Ecrins since the 1980s. Statistical tests showed a significant increase in average annual air temperature. The response of 647 hill slope debris flows to this climatic change was investigated. Different types of hill slope debris flows were analyzed as a function of their lithology or the nature of the accumulated debris. A number of logistic regression based models were developed to characterize the relationship between climate and the occurrence of debris flows in a specific geomorphological context. Analysis of frequency and return period over the last two decades showed different patterns depending on the type of debris flow concerned. Hence, the response of hill slope debris flows to climatic change is not the same everywhere in the Massif des Ecrins. AU - Jomelli, V. AU - Brunstein, D. AU - Grancher, D. AU - Pech, P. LA - english PY - 2007 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 119-137 ST - Is the response of hill slope debris flows to recent climate change univocal? A case study in the Massif des Ecrins (French Alps) T2 - Climate Change TI - Is the response of hill slope debris flows to recent climate change univocal? A case study in the Massif des Ecrins (French Alps) VL - 85 ID - 1555 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A significant proportion of the total nutrient in soil solution can be bound to organic molecules and these often constitute a major loss from soil to freshwater. Our purpose was to determine whether chemical extractants used for measuring inorganic N could also be used to quantify dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and carbon (DOC) in soil. In a range of soils, DOC and DON were extracted with either distilled water or 2 M KCl and the amount recovered compared with that present in soil solution recovered by centrifugal-drainage. The recovery of DON and DOC from soil was highly dependent upon the method of extraction. Factors such as soil sampling strategy (number of samples over space and time), sample preparation (sieving and drying), soil storage, extraction temperature, shaking time, and soil-to-extractant volume ratio all significantly affected the amount of DOC and DON extracted from soil. To allow direct comparison between independent studies we therefore propose the introduction of a standardized extraction procedure: Replicate samples of unsieved, field-moist soil extracted as soon as possible after collection with distilled water, 0.5 M K2SO4 or 2 M KCl at a 1:5 w/v ratio for 1 h at 20 °C. AU - Jones, D. L. AU - Willett, V. B. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.08.012 IS - 5 KW - Amino acids Dissolved organic matter KCl extract Soil quality Soluble nitrogen Water extract PY - 2006 SN - 0038-0717 SP - 991-999 ST - Experimental evaluation of methods to quantify dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry TI - Experimental evaluation of methods to quantify dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soil UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071705003111 VL - 38 ID - 3432 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jones, P. D. AU - Jonsson, T. AU - Wheeler, D. LB - jone1997a PY - 1997 SP - 1433--1450 ST - Extension to the North Atlantic Oscillation using early instrumental pressure observations from Gibraltar and South-West Iceland. T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Extension to the North Atlantic Oscillation using early instrumental pressure observations from Gibraltar and South-West Iceland VL - 17 ID - 1556 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jones, R. G. AU - Murphy, J. M. AU - Noguer, M. LB - jone95a PY - 1995 SP - 1413-1469 ST - Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional climate model. Part I: Assessment of control climate including sensitivity to location of lateral boundaries T2 - Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. TI - Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional climate model. Part I: Assessment of control climate including sensitivity to location of lateral boundaries VL - 121 ID - 1557 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jones, R. G. AU - Murphy, J. M. AU - Noguer, M. AU - Keen, A. B. LB - jone97a PY - 1995 SP - 265-292 ST - Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional climate model. Part II: Comparison of driving and regional model responses to a doubling of carbon dioxide. T2 - Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. TI - Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional climate model. Part II: Comparison of driving and regional model responses to a doubling of carbon dioxide VL - 123 ID - 1558 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jones, R.G. AU - Murphy, J.M. AU - Noguer, M LB - jone95a PY - 1995 SP - 1413-1469 ST - Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional climate model. Part I: Assessment of control climate including sensitivity to location of lateral boundaries T2 - Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. TI - Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional climate model. Part I: Assessment of control climate including sensitivity to location of lateral boundaries VL - 121 ID - 1559 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jones, R.G. AU - Murphy, J.M. AU - Noguer, M AU - Keen, A.B. LB - jone97a PY - 1995 SP - 265-292 ST - Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional climate model. Part II: Comparison of driving and regional model responses to a doubling of carbon dioxide. T2 - Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. TI - Simulation of climate change over Europe using a nested regional climate model. Part II: Comparison of driving and regional model responses to a doubling of carbon dioxide VL - 123 ID - 1560 ER - TY - CONF AU - JÖRG, E. AU - PREISS, U. AU - KLAPAL, H. AU - SCHMIEDL, J. AU - THENMAYER, F. CY - Wels PY - 2005 ST - SIMLEP – ein Prognosemodell zur optimierten Bekämpfung des Kartoffelkäfers. T2 - 46. Österreichischen Pflanzenschutztage 30.11. und 1.12.2005 TI - SIMLEP – ein Prognosemodell zur optimierten Bekämpfung des Kartoffelkäfers. ID - 1561 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jorgensen, PM PY - 2002 SP - 160-162 ST - Ambrosia, nourishment for gods or dangerous weeds? Blyttia, 60(3). T2 - Blyttia TI - Ambrosia, nourishment for gods or dangerous weeds? VL - 60(3) ID - 1562 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jorgenson, D. W. AU - Lau, L. J. AU - Stoker, T. M. IS - 2 LB - jorgenson1980 PY - 1980 SP - 268--272 ST - Welfare comparison under exact aggregation T2 - American Economic Review TI - Welfare comparison under exact aggregation VL - 70 ID - 1563 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Winter cover cropping on agricultural fields may improve rainfall infiltration and enhance soil water storage in areas such as California’s Sacramento Valley, where the majority of precipitation occurs in the winter over a relatively short period of time in a series of heavy rainfall events. Enhanced soil water storage within the root zone on cover–cropped fields may benefit a grower by reducing the demand for surface water deliveries to meet the irrigation needs of subsequent crops. A study was conducted in the winters of 1998–1999 and 1999–2000 to determine a field’s ability to conserve water for subsequent crops and to evaluate the effects of soil physical conditions on the water balance for three 4–year rotation farming systems within the Sustainable Agriculture Farming Systems (SAFS) Project at the University of California, Davis. Rainfall, runoff, and soil water content data was collected on two treatments using a winter cover crop and one treatment maintained fallow during the winter. Runoff and soil water content measurements were significantly affected by farming systems. Cumulative event runoff from 10.67 m 2 infiltration test areas was consistently higher on the fallow treatment than on the cover–cropped treatments. Winter 1999–2000 field water content measurements from 0–1.05 m depth were significantly higher in the cover–cropped systems than in the fallow treatment after field capacity had been reached. A hydrologic model was developed using the measured data and lysimeter data for evaporation and evapotranspiration to track daily water budget components (i.e., runoff, infiltration, evaporation, evapotranspiration, and soil water storage) and to assess changes in surface hydraulic conductivity. Model simulations showed that optimized hydraulic conductivity decreased for all treatments with successive runoff, but was less pronounced in cover–cropped plots. The study indicated that cover cropping can improve soil water storage for subsequent crops if the cover crop is destroyed before the additional soil water is lost as evapotranspiration. AU - Joyce, B. A. AU - Wallender, W. W. AU - Mitchell, J. P. AU - Huyck, L. M. AU - Temple, S. R. AU - Brostrom, P. N. AU - Hsiao, T. C. DO - 10.13031/2013.8526 IS - 2 KW - Cover crops, Runoff, Infiltration, Soil water storage, Water balance PY - 2002 SE - 315 SP - 315-326 ST - Infiltration and soil water storage under winter cover cropping in Cali- fornia’s Sacramento Valley T2 - Transactions of the ASABE TI - Infiltration and soil water storage under winter cover cropping in Cali- fornia’s Sacramento Valley VL - 45 ID - 3352 ER - TY - WEB AU - JULIUS KÜHN-INSTITUT PY - 2009 ST - Anbausysteme für Energiepflanzen mit Schwerpunkt Wasserbedarf T2 - Schattenblick_Forschung/216 TI - Anbausysteme für Energiepflanzen mit Schwerpunkt Wasserbedarf ID - 1564 ER - TY - THES AU - Junginger, M. PB - Utrecht PY - 2005 ST - Learning in renewable energy technology development TI - Learning in renewable energy technology development ID - 1565 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Junginger, M., Faaija, A., Björhedenb, R. and W.C. Turkenburg PY - 2005 SP - 399-418 ST - Technological learning and cost reductions in wood fuel supply chains in Sweden T2 - Biomass and Bioenergy TI - Technological learning and cost reductions in wood fuel supply chains in Sweden VL - 29 ID - 1566 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Jungmeier, G., G. Fankhauser, K. Könighofer, J. Spitzer CY - Graz PB - Joanneum Research PY - 1996 ST - GEMIS-Österreich Energetische Kennzahlen im Prozesskettenbereich: Endenergie – Nutzenerige TI - GEMIS-Österreich Energetische Kennzahlen im Prozesskettenbereich: Endenergie – Nutzenerige ID - 1567 ER - TY - THES AU - A., Jurković PB - Universität Wien PY - 2007 ST - Gesamtschneehöhe - Vergleichende Zeitreihenanalyse T2 - Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Gesamtschneehöhe - Vergleichende Zeitreihenanalyse VL - Mag. ID - 1568 ER - TY - JOUR AU - A., Jurković AU - I., Auer AU - R., Böhm AU - S., Debit AU - A., Orlik AU - W., Schöner PY - 2005 SP - 601-603 ST - The new centennial snow initiative for the Greater Alpine Region. Status report and first results T2 - Croatian meteorological journal TI - The new centennial snow initiative for the Greater Alpine Region. Status report and first results ID - 1569 ER - TY - CPAPER AU - Jurković, A. AU - Auer, I. AU - Korus, E. PY - 2006 T2 - 9.Österreichischer Klimatag TI - Data recovery and data rescue in framework of the project FORALPS ID - 1570 ER - TY - CPAPER AU - Jurković, A. AU - Auer, I. AU - Korus, E. PY - 2006 T2 - FORALPS Konferenz in Ljubljana TI - Digitalisation and Interpolation of daily snow data in Austria and surrounding regions ID - 1571 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Jusatz, H. J. PY - 1961 SP - 69-93 ST - Dritter Bericht über das Vordringen der Tularämie nach Mittel- und Westeuropa über den Zeitraum von 1950 bis 1960. Zeitschrift f. Hygiene 148, 69-93. T2 - Zeitschrift f. Hygiene TI - Dritter Bericht über das Vordringen der Tularämie nach Mittel- und Westeuropa über den Zeitraum von 1950 bis 1960 VL - 148 ID - 1572 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Jusatz, H. J. PY - 1961 ST - Dritter Bericht über das Vordringen der Tularämie nach Mittel- und Westeuropa über den Zeitraum von 1950 bis 1960. Zeitschrift f. Hygiene 148, 69-93. TI - Dritter Bericht über das Vordringen der Tularämie nach Mittel- und Westeuropa über den Zeitraum von 1950 bis 1960. Zeitschrift f. Hygiene 148, 69-93 ID - 1573 ER - TY - JOUR AU - K., Adolphi PY - 1998 ST - Anthropogene lineare Strukturen als Wuchsstätten und Ausbreitungs-wege von Arten. Braunschweiger Geobot. Arb. 5: 271-274. TI - Anthropogene lineare Strukturen als Wuchsstätten und Ausbreitungs-wege von Arten. Braunschweiger Geobot. Arb. 5: 271-274 ID - 1574 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - HUBER, U.M., BUGMANN, H.K.M. & REASONER, M.A., (eds) AU - KÄÄB, A. AU - REYNOLDS, J.M. AU - HAEBERLI, W. CY - Dordrecht PB - Springer Verlag PY - 2005 SP - 225-234 ST - Glacier and permafrost hazards in high mountains. T2 - Global Change and Mountain Regions (A State of Knowledge Overview) - Advances in Global Change Research TI - Glacier and permafrost hazards in high mountains. ID - 1575 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Wegener Center, University of Graz AU - Kabas, T. PY - 2005 SN - Scientific Report No. 4-2005. ISBN 3-9502126-1-2. ST - Das Klima in Südösterreich 1961-2004: Die alpine Region Hohe Tauern und die Region Südoststeiermark im Vergleich TI - Das Klima in Südösterreich 1961-2004: Die alpine Region Hohe Tauern und die Region Südoststeiermark im Vergleich ID - 1576 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We investigated the effects of an autumn sowing of contrasting cover crops (oats, rye and a combination of oats and rye) on soil aggregate stability, mycorrhizal colonization, phosphorus uptake and yield of sweet corn planted the following summer. Rye is a common cover crop in the middle Atlantic region of the United States of America. It grows slowly in the autumn, survives the winter, grows rapidly in the spring and flowers in the summer. Thus, herbicide is commonly used to kill rye prior to planting spring crops. Oats, in contrast, grows rapidly in the autumn but is killed by frost during the winter. Thus, with oats, potentially less herbicide is needed to prepare the field for spring planting. When compared to fallow, oats was as effective as rye in increasing mycorrhizal colonization of sweet corn, density of mycorrhizal hyphae, and soil aggregate stability. An oats cover crop may thus be a viable alternative to rye. The combination of cover crops (rye and oats), however, was significantly better than single species of cover crops in terms of sweet corn mycorrhizal colonization, P uptake and yield of sweet corn. AU - Kabir, Z. AU - Koide, R.T. KW - external hyphae, oats (Avena sativa L.), P uptake, rye (Secale cereale L.), soil aggregate stability, vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza PY - 2002 SE - 205 SP - 205-215 ST - Effect of autumn and winter mycorrhizal cover crops on soil properties, nutrient uptake and yield of sweet corn in Pennsylvania T2 - Plant Soil TI - Effect of autumn and winter mycorrhizal cover crops on soil properties, nutrient uptake and yield of sweet corn in Pennsylvania VL - 238 ID - 3353 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Käfer A., Steininger K., Axhausen K., Burian E., Clees L., Fritz O., Gebetsroither B., Grubits C., Huber P., Koch H., Kurzmann R., Mayerhofer P., Molitor R., Ortis G., Palme G., Pehersdorfer H., Pfeiler D., Schönfelder S., Siller K., Streicher G., Thaller O., Wiederin S. and G. Zakarias CY - Vienna N1 - im Auftrag von BMVIT, ASFINAG, ÖBB, SCHIG PY - 2007 RP - im Auftrag von BMVIT, ASFINAG, ÖBB, SCHIG ST - Verkehrs-prognose Österreich 2025+ TI - Verkehrs-prognose Österreich 2025+ ID - 1577 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KAFFENBERGER, R. IS - 18 PY - 2007 ST - Regenerative Energien: Miscanthus - Alternative für Landwirte? T2 - odenwaldregional TI - Regenerative Energien: Miscanthus - Alternative für Landwirte? UR - http://www.odenwaldregional.de/ausgaben/18_2007_12_web.pdf Y2 - 13.05.2009 ID - 1578 ER - TY - WEB AU - KAHRER, A. PY - 2009 SP - http://www.ages.at/ages/landwirtschaftlichesachgebiete/pflanzengesundheit/weinbau/erdraupe/ ID - 1579 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kaiser, M. CY - Melbourne PB - Michelle Anderson Publishing PY - 2002 ST - How the weather affects your health TI - How the weather affects your health ID - 1580 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Agricultural management practices such as subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) and winter legume cover cropping (WLCC) influence soil water dynamics as well as carbon and nitrogen cycling, potentially changing emission rates of soil CO2 and N2O, principal greenhouse gases. A split plot tomato field trial in California's Central Valley was used to evaluate the use of SDI and WLCC on event-based CO2 and N2O emissions. SDI and WLCC were compared to the region's more conventional practices: furrow irrigation (FI) and no cover crop (NCC). Our results indicate that SDI offers the potential to manage cover crops without the significant increases in greenhouse gas production during the growing season as seen under FI cover-cropped systems. The highest N2O emissions occurred during the beginning of the rainy season in November in the FI–WLCC treatment (5 mg m−2 h−1) and the lowest in August in the SDI–NCC treatments (4.87 μg m−2 h−1). CO2 emissions ranged from 200 mg m−2 h−1 during the rainy season (winter) and >500 m−2 h−1 during the growing season. Though no differences were detected in CO2 emissions between irrigation practices, mean CO2 emissions under WLCC were 40% and 15% greater compared to NCC under FI and SDI, respectively. The treatment with the greatest effect on CO2 and N2O emissions was WLCC, which increased average growing season N2O and CO2 emissions under FI by 60 μg N2O m−2 h−1 and 425 mg CO2 m−2 h−1 compared to NCC. In SDI there was no effect of a cover crop on growing season CO2 and N2O emissions. In the rainy season, however, SDI N2O and CO2 emissions were not different from FI. In the rainy season, the cover crop increased N2O emissions in SDI only and increased CO2 emissions only under FI. Subsurface drip shows promise in reducing overall N2O emissions in crop rotations with legume cover crops. AU - Kallenbach, Cynthia M. AU - Rolston, Dennis E. AU - Horwath, William R. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2010.02.010 IS - 3–4 KW - N2O CO2 Greenhouse gas Irrigation management Cover crop Tomato Nitrogen fertilizer management PY - 2010 SN - 0167-8809 SP - 251-260 ST - Cover cropping affects soil N2O and CO2 emissions differently depending on type of irrigation T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment TI - Cover cropping affects soil N2O and CO2 emissions differently depending on type of irrigation UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880910000587 VL - 137 ID - 3354 ER - TY - GEN AU - Kallmann, Kerstin AU - Paar, Angelika CY - Wien PB - Austrian Energy Agency PY - 2007 ST - GREENBUILDING - Technischer Leitfaden für die Gebäudehülle. Das EU-Programm zur Verbesserung der Energieeffizienz und zur Integration erneuerbarer Energieträger in Gebäuden TI - GREENBUILDING - Technischer Leitfaden für die Gebäudehülle. Das EU-Programm zur Verbesserung der Energieeffizienz und zur Integration erneuerbarer Energieträger in Gebäuden ID - 1581 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kalnay, E. AU - Kanamitsu, M. AU - Kistler, R. AU - Collins, W. AU - Deaven, D. AU - Gandin, L. AU - Iredell, M. AU - Saha, S. AU - White, G. AU - Woollen, J. AU - Zhu, Y. AU - Chelliah, M. AU - Ebisuzaki, W. AU - Higgins, W. AU - Janowiak, J. AU - Mo, K. C. AU - Ropelewski, C. AU - Wang, J. AU - Leetmaa, A. AU - Reynolds, R. AU - Jenne, R. AU - Joseph, D. LB - kalnay1996 PY - 1996 SP - 437-471 ST - The NCEP/NCAR reanalysis project. T2 - Bull.Amer.Meteor.Soc TI - The NCEP/NCAR reanalysis project VL - 77 ID - 1582 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kamler, E. LB - kaml67 PY - 1967 SP - 29-42 ST - Distribution of Plecoptera and Ephemeroptera in relation to altitude above mean sea level and current speed in mountain waters T2 - Pol. Arch. Hydrobiol. TI - Distribution of Plecoptera and Ephemeroptera in relation to altitude above mean sea level and current speed in mountain waters VL - 14 ID - 1583 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kämpf, R. AU - Weber, K. PB - BAK Basel Economics PY - 2005 ST - Erfolgsfaktoren im alpinen Tourismus TI - Erfolgsfaktoren im alpinen Tourismus ID - 1584 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kaneda, K. AU - Okamoto, T. AU - Natamae, E. AU - Nishita, T. J2 - Photorelistic image synthesis for outdoor scenery under various atmospheric conditions. PY - 1991 SP - 247-258 ST - Photorelistic image synthesis for outdoor scenery under various atmospheric conditions T2 - The visual computer TI - Photorelistic image synthesis for outdoor scenery under various atmospheric conditions VL - 7 ID - 1585 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The paper evaluates snow accumulation and the intensity of snow melting in a young spruce and beech stand. The study was carried out at the Deštné field research station in the Orlické hory Mts. (altitude 900 m, WSW aspect) in winter seasons 2005/2006, 2006/2007 and 2007/2008. The process of snow accumulation and melting was markedly affected or disturbed by the nearly total damage to the spruce stand by top breakage due to the extreme load of wet snow. Winter 2005/2006 was characterized by extreme parameters of snowpack (maximum depth of snow in spruce 157 cm, in beech 164 cm, maximum snow water equivalent in spruce 819 mm, in beech 833 mm). From the aspect of the snow cover duration, winter 2006/2007 was below the average, winter 2007/2008 was average. With respect to the significant reduction of the spruce crown biomass after snow breakage in winter 2005/2006, no significant differences were noted either in snow depth or in snow water equivalent in the spruce and beech stands. The rate of snow melting in the spruce and beech stands was never higher than 50 mm per day. If the spring final stage of snow melting is not accompanied by intensive rainstorms, mountain coniferous and broadleaved forest ecosystems reduce the danger of stormflows and floods within the required degree. AD - Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Research Institute of Forestry and Game Management, Strnady, OpoČno Research Station, OpoČno, Czech Republic Kantor, P. Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brné, Lesnická a dřevařská fakulta, Lesnická 37, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic email: kantor@mendelu.cz AU - Kantor, P. AU - Karl, Z. AU - Šach, F. AU - Černohous, V. DB - Scopus IS - 10 J2 - J. For. Sci. KW - Beech Mountain site Snow accumulation Snow melting rate Spruce Biomass Ecosystems Forestry Landforms Melting Metal melting Snow melting systems Thunderstorms Snow broad-leaved forest coniferous tree dicotyledon flood melting mountain region rainstorm snow accumulation snow water equivalent snowpack winter Accumulation Fagus Mountains Picea Central Europe Eurasia Europe Orlica Mountains Sudetes Picea engelmannii LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 1 CODEN: LSNCA References: Brechtel, H.M., Möglichkeiten und grenzen einer steuerung der schneeansammlung und schneeschmelz durch forstliche massnahmen (1984) Schneehydrologische Forschung in Mitteleuropa, 3, pp. 96-99. , In:,Hann. Münden 12.-15 Erweiterte Zusammenfassungen: 1984; Brechtel, H.M., Rapp, J., Scheele, G., Der einfluss des waldes und der landnutzung auf die schneeansammlung und schneeschmelze in den hessischen mittelgebirgen (1984) Schneehydrologische Forschung in Mitteleuropa, pp. 128-129. , Hann. Münden 12.-15. 3.1984, Erweiterte Zusammenfassungen; Ernstberger, H., Sokollek, V., Einfluss unterschiedlicher vegetationsbestände auf schneedeckeentwicklung und schneeschmelzabfluss in unteren mittelgebirgslagen. In (1984) Schneehydrologische Forschung in Mitteleuropa, pp. 90-93. , Hann. Münden 12.-15. 3. 1984, Erweiterte Zusammenfassungen; Hribík, M., Majlingová, A., Škvarenina, J., KyselovÁ, D., Winter snow supply in small mountain watershed as a potentional hazard of spring flood (2007) Bioclimatology And Natural Hazards, pp. 119-128. , Berlin, Springer Verlag In: STŘELCOVÁ K. et al. eds; Hribík, M., Škvarenina, J., Vplyv bukového a smrekového lesa v rastovej fáze žrd́oviny na vytváranie snehových zásob (2007) Klima Lesa, KŘtiny, 13. , 11.-12.4.2007 In: ROŽNOVSKÝ J., LITSCHMANN T., VYSKOT I. eds; Imbeck, H., Schneeverteilung und schneedeckenentwicklung in einem subalpinen fichtenwald am nordhang (1984) Schneehydrologische Forschung in Mitteleuropa, 12, pp. 78-81. , -15.3 1984 Hann. Münden; Kantor, P., Vliv druhové Skladby lesních porostů na ukládání A tání Sněhu v horských podmínkách (1979) Lesnictví, 25, pp. 233-252; Kantor, P., VodohospodáŘská Funkce horských smrkových a bukových porostú (1984) Lesnictví, 30, pp. 471-490; Kantor, P., Vliv sněhové Pokrývky na hydrickou úČinnost horských imisních oblastí (1988) Práce Vúlhm, 72, pp. 9-36; Kantor, P., (1995) Vodní Režim Smrkových A Bukových Porostů Jako Podklad Pro Návrh Druhové Skladby VodohospodáŘsky Významných StŘ edohorských Lesů, p. 332. , HabilitaČní Práce. Brno, MZLU, FLD; Kantor, P., Šach, F., Snow accumulation and melt in a spruce stand and on a clearcut in the Orlické Hory Mts. (czech republic) (2002) Ekológia (Bratislava), 21, Supplement, 1, pp. 122-135; Ckmer, K., VodohospodáŘské Vlivy lesů (1969) Praha, Studijní Informace úVTI, 4-5, pp. 1-104; Ckmer, K., Mikroklimatický a vodní Režim obnovných seČí Ve smrkových porostech stŘedohorské Oblasti orlických hor (1971) Závérećná Zpráva. 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Nn des nordund südschwarzwaldes (1984) Schneehydrologische Forschung in Mitteleuropa, 12, pp. 103-106. , In:,Hann. 1998 Münden -15.3, Erweiterte Zusammenfassungen; Ckak, V., K otázke štúdia snehových zráźok v lese (1974) Vedecké Práce Vúlh Vo Zvolene, 19, pp. 45-55. , In; Ya, Z., Výzkum snéhové Pokrývky v lese (1954) Sborník ČAZV, Řada B., (4), pp. 475-484 PY - 2009 SN - 12124834 SP - 437-451 ST - Analysis of snow accumulation and snow melting in a young mountain spruce and beech stand in the Orlické hory mts., czech republic T2 - Journal of Forest Science TI - Analysis of snow accumulation and snow melting in a young mountain spruce and beech stand in the Orlické hory mts., czech republic UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70350355086&partnerID=40&md5=0e26a9f9eab4ff35da03d64418594a97 VL - 55 ID - 1586 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Enhancing adaptation of forest ecosystems to prospective climate change is a major challenge in current forest management. Beyond potential negative effects of climate change such as decreasing productivity due to an increasing number of drought periods and damages from intensified disturbance regimes, there is also a potential for increasing productivity due to prolonged vegetation periods and higher photosynthetic rates. Quantitative genetic variation is crucial for adaptability of species towards environmental changes. The use of suitable reproductive material for forest regeneration will be a key factor essential for both, mitigating negative effects and making the most of potential positive effects. Therefore, insights into intraspecific variation within and among tree populations in climate response are of paramount importance.In our study we investigated intraspecific variation in climate response among Norway spruce (Picea abies) populations in the eastern Alpine range. Results from a comprehensive Austrian provenance test, comprising tree heights at age 15 from 379 populations planted at 29 test sites across Austria, were used to calibrate climate response functions for groups of Norway spruce populations. Potential future changes in productivity for climate change conditions as represented by a regionalized A1B scenario were estimated using height at age 15 as a productivity proxy. Climate response functions were calculated for single populations and aggregated clusters of populations from climatically similar origins.Our results hardly revealed any declines in employed proxies for productivity of Norway spruce throughout its current distribution range in Austria. For most parts of Austria an increase of tree heights up to 45 percent can be expected until 2080. However, the impact of a warming climate is different for individual population groups. Generally, variation in climate response increases with higher temperatures and less precipitation. Thus, an optimized choice of seed material according to prospective future climate conditions has the potential for an additional increase of productivity up to 11 percent.In general, populations from currently warm and drought prone areas seem to be well adapted to respective climate conditions and may be appropriate candidates for extended utilization in future. Furthermore, populations showing the best productivity indices originate from regions, which are phylogenetically distinct from the core distribution area of Norway spruce, suggesting that population history might explain part of the variation in climate response among populations. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. AD - Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape, Vienna, Austria University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics, Vienna, Austria Schueler, S. 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AB - In this chapter, the authors refer to the culture of consumption's constellation of aims, beliefs, goals, and behaviors as a materialistic value orientation (MVO). From their perspective, an MVO involves the belief that it is important to pursue the culturally sanctioned goals of attaining, financial success, having nice possessions, having the right image, and having a high status. They focus here on two questions: First, what leads people to care about and "by into" materialistic values and consumption? And second, what are the personal, social, and ecological consequences of having a strong MVO? The authors propose that an MVO develops through two main pathways: (1) from experiences that induce feelings of insecurity, and (2) from exposure to social models that encourage materialistic values. They show that when materialistic values become relatively central to a person's system of values, personal well-being declines because the likelihood of having experiences that satisfy important psychological needs decreases. They demonstrate that an MVO encourages behaviors that damage interpersonal and community relations, as well as the ecological health of the planet. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) AU - Kasser, Tim AU - Ryan, Richard M. AU - Couchman, Charles E. AU - Sheldon, Kennon M. CY - Washington, DC, US DO - 10.1037/10658-002 KW - *Consumer Behavior *Personal Values *Social Values *Well Being Ecology PB - American Psychological Association PY - 2004 SN - 1-59147-046-3 (Hardcover) SP - 11-28 ST - Materialistic values: Their causes and consequences T2 - Psychology and consumer culture: The struggle for a good life in a materialistic world TI - Materialistic values: Their causes and consequences ID - 3528 ER - TY - JOUR AU - H., Katayama PY - 1997 SP - 225-231 ST - Effect of temperature on development and oviposition of western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Jap. Jour. of Applied Entomology and Zool-ogy 41(4), 225-231. T2 - Jap. Jour. of Applied Entomology and Zoology TI - Effect of temperature on development and oviposition of western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) VL - 41(4) ID - 1601 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Katschner, E. CY - Graz LB - katschner1989 N1 - Festschrift zu den Feierlichkeiten 100 Jahre Landes- Obst- u. Weinbauverein für Steiermark 1889-1989 PB - Landes-Obst- und WeinbauVerein Für Steiermark PY - 1989 SP - 70-77 ST - 100 Jahre Weinbau in der Steiermark TI - 100 Jahre Weinbau in der Steiermark ID - 1602 ER - TY - JOUR AB - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Results from several studies over the past five years have shown that the current levels of pollutants in Europe and North America have adverse short term effects on health. The APHEA project aims to quantifying these in Europe, using standardised methodology. The project protocol and analytical methodology are presented here. DESIGN: Daily time series data were gathered for several air pollutants (sulphur dioxide; particulate matter, measured as total particles or as the particle fraction with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than a certain cut off, or as black smoke; nitrogen dioxide; and ozone) and health outcomes (the total and cause specific number of deaths and emergency hospital admissions). The data included fulfilled the quality criteria set by the APHEA protocol. SETTING: Fifteen European cities from 10 different countries with a total population over 25 million. METHODOLOGY: The APHEA collaborative group decided on a specific methodological procedure to control for confounding effects and evaluate the hypothesis. At the same time there was sufficient flexibility to allow local characteristics to be taken into account. The procedure included modelling of all potential confounding factors (that is, seasonal and long term patterns, meteorological factors, day of the week, holidays, and other unusual events), choosing the "best" air pollution models, and applying diagnostic tools to check the adequacy of the models. The final analysis used autoregressive Poisson models allowing for overdispersion. Effects were reported as relative risks contrasting defined increases in the corresponding pollutant levels. Each participating group applied the analyses to their own data. CONCLUSIONS: This methodology enabled results from many different European settings to be considered collectively. It represented the best available compromise between feasibility, comparability, and local adaptibility when using aggregated time series data not originally collected for the purpose of epidemiological studies. AU - Katsouyanni, K AU - Schwartz, J AU - Spix, C AU - Touloumi, G AU - Zmirou, D AU - Zanobetti, A AU - Wojtyniak, B AU - Vonk, J M AU - Tobias, A AU - Pönkä, A AU - Medina, S AU - Bachárová, L AU - Anderson, H R DA - April 1, 1996 DO - 10.1136/jech.50.Suppl_1.S12 IS - Suppl 1 PY - 1996 SP - S12-S18 ST - Short term effects of air pollution on health: a European approach using epidemiologic time series data: the APHEA protocol T2 - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health TI - Short term effects of air pollution on health: a European approach using epidemiologic time series data: the APHEA protocol UR - http://jech.bmj.com/content/50/Suppl_1/S12.abstract VL - 50 ID - 1603 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Objectives: To carry out a prospective combined quantitative analysis of the associations between all cause mortality and ambient particulate matter and sulphur dioxide.Design: Analysis of time series data on daily number of deaths from all causes and concentrations of sulphur dioxide and particulate matter (measured as black smoke or particles smaller than 10 μm in diameter (PM10)) and potential confounders.Setting: 12 European cities in the APHEA project (Air Pollution and Health: a European Approach).Main outcome measure: Relative risk of death.Results: In western European cities it was found that an increase of 50 μg/m3 in sulphur dioxide or black smoke was associated with a 3% (95% confidence interval 2% to 4%) increase in daily mortality and the corresponding figure for PM10 was 2% (1% to 3%). In central eastern European cities the increase in mortality associated with a 50 μg/m3 change in sulphur dioxide was 0.8% (-0.1% to 2.4%) and in black smoke 0.6% (0.1% to 1.1%). Cumulative effects of prolonged (two to four days) exposure to air pollutants resulted in estimates comparable with the one day effects. The effects of both pollutants were stronger during the summer and were mutually independent.Conclusions: The internal consistency of the results in western European cities with wide differences in climate and environmental conditions suggest that these associations may be causal. The long term health impact of these effects is uncertain, but today's relatively low levels of sulphur dioxide and particles still have detectable short term effects on health and further reductions in air pollution are advisable. Key messages Evidence is accumulating that air pollution below the levels of national and international standards has adverse short term health effects In this study data from 12 European cities showed that increases in sulphur dioxide and particulate matter are associated with increased total mortality The effects of the two pollutants seem to be independent Associations were stronger and more consistent in western European cities Current low levelsof sulphur dioxide and particles stillaffect health and further reductions in pollution are needed Evidence is accumulating that air pollution below the levels of national and international standards has adverse short term health effectsIn this study data from 12 European cities showed that increases in sulphur dioxide and particulate matter are associated with increased total mortalityThe effects of the two pollutants seem to be independentAssociations were stronger and more consistent in western European citiesCurrent low levelsof sulphur dioxide and particles stillaffect health and further reductions in pollution are needed AU - Katsouyanni, K AU - Touloumi, G AU - Spix, C AU - Schwartz, J AU - Balducci, F AU - Medina, S AU - Rossi, G AU - Wojtyniak, B AU - Sunyer, J AU - Bacharova, L AU - Schouten, J P AU - Ponka, A AU - Anderson, H R DA - June 7, 1997 IS - 7095 PY - 1997 SP - 1658 ST - Short term effects of ambient sulphur dioxide and particulate matter on mortality in 12 European cities: results from time series data from the APHEA project T2 - BMJ TI - Short term effects of ambient sulphur dioxide and particulate matter on mortality in 12 European cities: results from time series data from the APHEA project UR - http://www.bmj.com/content/314/7095/1658.abstract VL - 314 ID - 1604 ER - TY - RPRT AU - KATZSCHNER, J. AU - KATZSCHNER, A. AU - KUPSKI, S. CY - Kassel PY - 2010 ST - KLIMES – Sachbericht des Teilvorhabens: Planerische Bewertung der kleinräumigen Stadtklimaanalysen zur Umsetzung der Maßnahmen „Anpassung an Klimaextreme“ TI - KLIMES – Sachbericht des Teilvorhabens: Planerische Bewertung der kleinräumigen Stadtklimaanalysen zur Umsetzung der Maßnahmen „Anpassung an Klimaextreme“ ID - 1605 ER - TY - RPRT AU - KATZSCHNER, L. AU - KATZSCHNER, A. AU - KUPSKI, S CY - Kassel PY - 2010 ST - Abschlußbericht des BMBF Verbundprojektes KLIMES (Planerische Strategien und städtebauliche Konzepte zur Reduzierung der Auswirkungen von klimatischen Extremen auf Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit von Menschen in Städten) T2 - Teilvorhaben: Planerische Bewertung der kleinräumigen Stadtklimaanalysen zur Umsetzung der Maßnahmen „Anpassung an Klimaextreme“ TI - Abschlußbericht des BMBF Verbundprojektes KLIMES (Planerische Strategien und städtebauliche Konzepte zur Reduzierung der Auswirkungen von klimatischen Extremen auf Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit von Menschen in Städten) ID - 1606 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kaufmann, Leonard AU - Rousseeuw, Peter J. CY - New York KW - Cluster_analysis LB - kaufmann1990 PB - John Wiley PY - 1990 SP - 342 pp. ST - Finding groups in data. An introduction to cluster analysis TI - Finding groups in data. An introduction to cluster analysis ID - 1607 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KAULE, G. CY - Stuttgart PB - Ulmer PY - 1986 ST - Arten- und Biotopschutz TI - Arten- und Biotopschutz ID - 1608 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Spatio-temporal dispersal of pest species such as bark beetles plays a key role in their population ecology and outbreak dynamics. Understanding the underlying patterns is crucial for applying appropriate management strategies.In contrast to most existing studies which focus on dispersing beetles, we analysed patches of killed trees resulting from bark beetle infestation. The study was based on a 22-year time series of annually captured colour-infrared (CIR) images of the Bavarian Forest National Park (Germany), where Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) propagates undisturbed by human activity. Newly infested patches comprising at least 5 spruce trees were identified in every time step. This investigation of spatio-temporal spread of infestations primarily focused on (i) parameterizing the size and shape of infestation patches, (ii) modelling an infestation gradient and (iii) evaluating the risk of subsequent infestations on landscape scale. We developed a GIS-based distance ring approach to quantify the distance relation of subsequent infestations, including the distribution of potential hosts.Infestation spread was revealed to be strongly distance dependent, following an inverse power law function: on average 65% of new infestations occurred within a 100. m radius of the previous year's infestations, and 95% within 500. m. 'Distance' proved to be a major determinant of I. typographus dispersal on the landscape scale in each time step of the 22-year series we investigated. Infestation distance thus describes the outcome of beetle dispersal very accurately. The time series showed two alternating periods of epidemic and non-epidemic infestation. These gradation stages did not affect the size and shape of infested patches, but epidemics correlated significantly with a higher percentage of infestations within short distances. Additionally, the resulting infestation risk is highly sensitive to the gradation stage, particularly within the first 100. m around source spots where it increases up to 30%.Our study therefore contributes to a better understanding of the outbreak dynamics of I. typographus and suggests concentrating efficient bark beetle management on areas in the close vicinity of previous years' infestations. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. AD - Institute of Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, Germany Kautz, M. Institute of Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany email: kautz@wzw.tum.de AU - Kautz, M. AU - Dworschak, K. AU - Gruppe, A. AU - Schopf, R. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.023 IS - 4 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - CIR image Dispersal Distance ring Infestation gradient Ips typographus Nearest neighbour Dispersions Epidemiology Parks Plant extracts Time series Forestry bark beetle dispersal epidemic GIS human activity nearest neighbor analysis pest outbreak population ecology power law quantitative analysis risk assessment spatiotemporal analysis time series Forest Management Forests Image Analysis Infestation Insects Picea Time Series Analysis Bavaria Bavarian Forest National Park Germany Coleoptera Curculionidae Scolytinae LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 5 CODEN: FECMD References: Anderbrant, O., Dispersal of reemerged spruce bark beetles, Ips typographus (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) - a mark-recapture experiment (1985) J. Appl. Entomol., 99, pp. 21-25; Bakke, A., Austara, O., Pettersen, H., Seasonal flight activity and attack pattern of Ips typographus in Norway under epidemic conditions (1977) Medd. 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Sci., 56, pp. 591-598; Führer, E., Hausmann, B., Wiener, L., Bark beetle (Col., Scolytidae) colonization and terpene patterns in the bark of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst) trap trees (1991) J. Appl. Entomol., 112, pp. 113-123; Furuta, K., Iguchi, K., Lawson, S., Seasonal difference in the abundance of the spruce beetle (Ips typographus japonicus Niijima) (Col., Scolytidae) within and outside forest in a bivoltine area (1996) J. Appl. Entomol., 120, pp. 125-129; Gilbert, M., Nageleisen, L.M., Franklin, A., Grégoire, J.-C., Post-storm surveys reveal large-scale spatial patterns and influences of site factors, forest structure and diversity in endemic bark-beetle populations (2005) Landscape Ecol., 20, pp. 35-49; Gugerli, F., Gall, R., Meier, F., Wermelinger, B., Pronounced fluctuations of spruce bark beetle (Scolytinae: Ips typographus) populations do not invoke genetic differentiation (2008) Forest Ecol. 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(Coleoptera, Scolytidae) attacks following heavy windthrow in Denmark, analysed using GIS (2001) Forest Ecol. Manag., 148, pp. 31-39; Wiegand, T., Kissling, W.D., Cipriotti, P.A., Aguiar, M.R., Extending point pattern analysis for objects of finite size and irregular shape (2006) J. Ecol., 94, pp. 825-837; Wiegand, T., Moloney, K.A., Rings, circles, and null-models for point pattern analysis in ecology (2004) Oikos, 104, pp. 209-229; Wulder, M.A., Dymond, C.C., White, J.C., Leckie, D.G., Carroll, A.L., Surveying mountain pine beetle damage of forests: a review of remote sensing opportunities (2006) Forest Ecol. Manag., 221, pp. 27-41; Wulder, M.A., Ortlepp, S.M., White, J.C., Coops, N.C., Coggins, S.B., Monitoring the impacts of mountain pine beetle mitigation (2009) Forest Ecol. Manag., 258, pp. 1181-1187; Zolubas, P., Byers, J.A., Recapture of dispersing bark beetle Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) in pheromone-baited traps: regression models (1995) J. Appl. Entomol., 119, pp. 285-289; Zumr, V., Dispersal of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) (Col., Scolytidae) in spruce woods (1992) J. Appl. Entomol., 114, pp. 348-352 PY - 2011 SN - 03781127 SP - 598-608 ST - Quantifying spatio-temporal dispersion of bark beetle infestations in epidemic and non-epidemic conditions T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Quantifying spatio-temporal dispersion of bark beetle infestations in epidemic and non-epidemic conditions UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79957917055&partnerID=40&md5=4c386f9cf5c42730959beacfd82c5250 VL - 262 ID - 1609 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Spatio-temporal dispersal of pest species such as bark beetles plays a key role in their population ecology and outbreak dynamics. Understanding the underlying patterns is crucial for applying appropriate management strategies. In contrast to most existing studies which focus on dispersing beetles, we analysed patches of killed trees resulting from bark beetle infestation. The study was based on a 22-year time series of annually captured colour-infrared (CIR) images of the Bavarian Forest National Park (Germany), where Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) propagates undisturbed by human activity. Newly infested patches comprising at least 5 spruce trees were identified in every time step. This investigation of spatio-temporal spread of infestations primarily focused on (i) parameterizing the size and shape of infestation patches, (ii) modelling an infestation gradient and (iii) evaluating the risk of subsequent infestations on landscape scale. We developed a GIS-based distance ring approach to quantify the distance relation of subsequent infestations, including the distribution of potential hosts. Infestation spread was revealed to be strongly distance dependent, following an inverse power law function: on average 65% of new infestations occurred within a 100 m radius of the previous year’s infestations, and 95% within 500 m. ‘Distance’ proved to be a major determinant of I. typographus dispersal on the landscape scale in each time step of the 22-year series we investigated. Infestation distance thus describes the outcome of beetle dispersal very accurately. The time series showed two alternating periods of epidemic and non-epidemic infestation. These gradation stages did not affect the size and shape of infested patches, but epidemics correlated significantly with a higher percentage of infestations within short distances. Additionally, the resulting infestation risk is highly sensitive to the gradation stage, particularly within the first 100 m around source spots where it increases up to 30%. Our study therefore contributes to a better understanding of the outbreak dynamics of I. typographus and suggests concentrating efficient bark beetle management on areas in the close vicinity of previous years’ infestations. AU - Kautz, Markus AU - Dworschak, Kai AU - Gruppe, Axel AU - Schopf, Reinhard DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.04.023 IS - 4 KW - CIR image Distance ring Dispersal Infestation gradient Ips typographus Nearest neighbour PY - 2011 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 598-608 ST - Quantifying spatio-temporal dispersion of bark beetle infestations in epidemic and non-epidemic conditions T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Quantifying spatio-temporal dispersion of bark beetle infestations in epidemic and non-epidemic conditions UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112711002386 VL - 262 ID - 1610 ER - TY - EJOUR AB - In Berlin, plans for the development of new buildings now fall under a regulation that requires a certain proportion of the development area to be left as a green space. The proportion of green space to the entire development area is referred to as the Biotope Area Factor (BAF or BFF for Biotop Flächenfaktor). The regulation is a part of a larger suite of documents relating to landscape planning, landscape design and species protection. It responds to the need to encourage more green space areas to be developed in densely built-up urban locations. An important advantage of the BAF regulation is that it allows flexibility of the site design; the developer may decide what green space measures are applied, and where, as long as the required green space ratio is achieved. The Biotope Area Factor has generated a significant international interest. AU - KAZMIERCZAK, A. AU - CARTER, J. CY - Manchester PB - University of Manchester PY - 2010 ST - Adaptation to climate change using green and blue infrastructure. A database of case studies TI - Adaptation to climate change using green and blue infrastructure. A database of case studies UR - http://www.grabs-eu.org/membersArea/files/berlin.pdf (abgefragt: 21.02.2013) ID - 1611 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Keatley, M. R. AU - Fletcher, T. D. AU - Hudson, I. L. AU - Ades, P. K. LB - keat02 PY - 2002 SP - 1769-1780 ST - Phenological studies in Australia: potential application in historical and future climate analysis T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Phenological studies in Australia: potential application in historical and future climate analysis VL - 22 ID - 1612 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Keeling, C. D. AU - Chin, F. J. S. AU - Whorf, T. P. LB - keel96 PY - 1996 SP - 146-149 ST - Increased activity of northern vegetation inferred from atmospheric CO2 measurements T2 - Nature TI - Increased activity of northern vegetation inferred from atmospheric CO2 measurements VL - 38 ID - 1613 ER - TY - WEB AU - Keith, V. M1 - 30.5.2011 PY - 2010 ST - Clip-on Architecture: Reforesting Cities. Online auf: Urban Omnibus – A project of the Architectural League of New York TI - Clip-on Architecture: Reforesting Cities. Online auf: Urban Omnibus – A project of the Architectural League of New York UR - http://urbanomnibus.net/2010/01/clip-on-architecture-reforesting-cities/ ID - 1614 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Keller, F. PY - 1992 SP - 133-138 ST - Automated mapping of mountain permafrost using the program PERMAKART within the Geographical Information System ARC/INFO T2 - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes TI - Automated mapping of mountain permafrost using the program PERMAKART within the Geographical Information System ARC/INFO VL - 3 ID - 1615 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KELLER, S. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 158-164 ST - Bekämpfung von Maikäfer-Engerlingen mit dem Pilz Beauveria brongniartii in der Schweiz T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Bekämpfung von Maikäfer-Engerlingen mit dem Pilz Beauveria brongniartii in der Schweiz VL - 1 ID - 1616 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - KELLER, S. (Hrsg.) AU - KELLER, S. AU - ZIMMERMANN, G. ET - IOBC wprs Bulletin M1 - 2 PY - 2005 SP - 9-12 ST - Scarabs and other soil pests in Europe: Situation, perspectives and control strategies T2 - Insect Pathogens and Insect Parasitic Nematodes “Melolontha” TI - Scarabs and other soil pests in Europe: Situation, perspectives and control strategies VL - 28 ID - 1617 ER - TY - CONF AU - A., Kellerer-Pirklbauer AU - Teams, Mitglieder des PermaNET NV - EGU2009-7990-1 PY - 2009 ST - Assessment of the thermal and dynamic reaction scenarios of different permafrost typologies in the European Alps: A PermaNET initiative Geophysical Research Abstracts T2 - EGU2009 TI - Assessment of the thermal and dynamic reaction scenarios of different permafrost typologies in the European Alps: A PermaNET initiative Geophysical Research Abstracts VL - 11 ID - 1618 ER - TY - THES AU - Kellerer-Pirklbauer, A. PB - Karl-Franzens- Universität Graz PY - 2001 SP - 156 ST - GIS-gestützte Analyse der Murgangdisposition im Einzugsgebiet des Ennslingbaches bei Haus im Ennstal TI - GIS-gestützte Analyse der Murgangdisposition im Einzugsgebiet des Ennslingbaches bei Haus im Ennstal VL - Mag. ID - 1619 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kemfert, C. IS - 4 PY - 2002 SP - 281-299 ST - An Integrated Assessment Model of Economy-Energy-Climate – The model WIAGEM T2 - Integrated Assessment TI - An Integrated Assessment Model of Economy-Energy-Climate – The model WIAGEM VL - 3 ID - 1620 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kennedy, C. J. AU - Walsh, P. J. LB - kenn97 PY - 1997 SP - 303-324 ST - Effects of temperature on xenobiotic metabolism T2 - C.M. Wood and D.G. McDonald (eds). Global Warming: Implications for freshwater and marine fish. Society for Experimental Biology, Seminar Series TI - Effects of temperature on xenobiotic metabolism VL - 61 ID - 1621 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kernberg, P. PY - 1992 ST - Aktuelle Perspektiven über Abwehrmechanismen T2 - Bulletin der Wiener Psychoanalytischen Vereinigung TI - Aktuelle Perspektiven über Abwehrmechanismen VL - 1 ID - 1622 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Leidlmair, A. AU - Kerschner, Hanns CY - Innsbruck KW - Wetterlagen Schüepp Precipitation Cloudiness Climatology Alps LB - kerschner1989 PB - Institut für Geographie der Universität Innsbruck PY - 1989 SP - 253 pp. ST - Beiträge zur synoptischen Klimatologie der Alpen zwischen Innsbruck und dem Alpenostrand T2 - Innsbrucker Geographische Studien TI - Beiträge zur synoptischen Klimatologie der Alpen zwischen Innsbruck und dem Alpenostrand ID - 1623 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Studie im Auftrag vom Land Steiermark, Wegener Zentrum für Klima und globalen Wandel AU - Kettner, C. AU - Kufleitner, A. AU - Loibnegger, T. AU - Pack, A. AU - Schleicher, S. AU - Steininger, K. AU - Töglhofer, C. AU - Trink, T. CY - Graz PY - 2007 ST - Volkswirtschaftlichen Effekte einer erweiterten Biomasse-Energie-Nutzung in der Energieregion Oststeiermark T2 - Zwischenbericht TI - Volkswirtschaftlichen Effekte einer erweiterten Biomasse-Energie-Nutzung in der Energieregion Oststeiermark ID - 1624 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Intensive use of N fertilizers in modern agriculture is motivated by the economic value of high grain yields and is generally perceived to sequester soil organic C by increasing the input of crop residues. This perception is at odds with a century of soil organic C data reported herein for the Morrow Plots, the world's oldest experimental site under continuous corn (Zea mays L.). After 40 to 50 yr of synthetic fertilization that exceeded grain N removal by 60 to 190%, a net decline occurred in soil C despite increasingly massive residue C incorporation, the decline being more extensive for a corn–soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) or corn–oats (Avena sativa L.)–hay rotation than for continuous corn and of greater intensity for the profile (0–46 cm) than the surface soil. These findings implicate fertilizer N in promoting the decomposition of crop residues and soil organic matter and are consistent with data from numerous cropping experiments involving synthetic N fertilization in the USA Corn Belt and elsewhere, although not with the interpretation usually provided. There are important implications for soil C sequestration because the yield-based input of fertilizer N has commonly exceeded grain N removal for corn production on fertile soils since the 1960s. To mitigate the ongoing consequences of soil deterioration, atmospheric CO2 enrichment, and NO3 - pollution of ground and surface waters, N fertilization should be managed by site-specific assessment of soil N availability. Current fertilizer N management practices, if combined with corn stover removal for bioenergy production, exacerbate soil C loss. AU - Khan, S. A. AU - Mulvaney, R. L. AU - Ellsworth, T. R. AU - Boast, C. W. DA - 2007/11 DO - 10.2134/jeq2007.0099 IS - 6 PY - 2007 SP - 1821-1832 ST - The Myth of Nitrogen Fertilization for Soil Carbon Sequestration T2 - J. Environ. Qual. TI - The Myth of Nitrogen Fertilization for Soil Carbon Sequestration UR - https://www.agronomy.org/publications/jeq/abstracts/36/6/1821 VL - 36 ID - 1625 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kidson, J. W. AU - Thompson, C. S. LB - kids1998a PY - 1998 SP - 735-753 ST - Comparison of statistical and model-based downscaling techniques for estimating local climate variations T2 - J. Climate TI - Comparison of statistical and model-based downscaling techniques for estimating local climate variations VL - 11 ID - 1626 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kiefer, J. (Hrsg.) CY - Berlin, New York PB - Walter de Gruyter PY - 1977 ST - Ultraviolettes Strahlen TI - Ultraviolettes Strahlen ID - 1627 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kiehn, M. AU - Nouak AU - A AU - Neobiota AU - Natur, internationale AU - Druck, Artenschutzabkommen Grüne Reihe des B. M. in LB - kieh2 SP - 562-577 ST - M T2 - and Nouak, A., Neobiota und internationale Natur- und Artenschutzabkommen. Grüne Reihe des BMLFUW TI - M ID - 1628 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kiehn, M. AU - Nouak AU - A. AU - Neobiota AU - Natur-, internationale AU - Druck., Artenschutzabkommen. Grüne Reihe des B.M. in LB - kieh2 SP - 562-577 ST - M T2 - and Nouak, A., Neobiota und internationale Natur- und Artenschutzabkommen. Grüne Reihe des BMLFUW TI - M ID - 1629 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kienast, F. AU - Brezeziecki, B. AU - Wildi, O. LB - kienast1996 PY - 1996 SP - 133-153 ST - Long-term adaptation potential of Central European mountain forests to climate change: a GIS-assisted sensitivity assessment T2 - For. Ecol. Manage. TI - Long-term adaptation potential of Central European mountain forests to climate change: a GIS-assisted sensitivity assessment VL - 80 ID - 1630 ER - TY - GEN AU - Kilian, W. AU - Müller, F. AU - Starlinger, F. CY - Wien PB - Forstliche Bundesversuchsanstalt PY - 1994 ST - Die forstlichen Wuchsgebiete Österreichs. Eine Naturraumgliederung nach waldökologischen Gesichtspunkten TI - Die forstlichen Wuchsgebiete Österreichs. Eine Naturraumgliederung nach waldökologischen Gesichtspunkten ID - 1631 ER - TY - RPRT AU - KILIAN, W. AU - MÜLLER, F. AU - STARLINGER, F. PY - 1994 ST - Die forstlichen Wuchsgebiete Österreichs: Eine Naturraumgliederung nach waldökologische Gesichtspunkten T2 - Bericht 82, Vienna, Austria, Forstliche Bundesversuchsanstalt. TI - Die forstlichen Wuchsgebiete Österreichs: Eine Naturraumgliederung nach waldökologische Gesichtspunkten ID - 1632 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This work studied the temporal and spatial variability of the risk of snow-induced forest damage in Finland under current and changing climatic conditions until the end of this century. The study was based on a snow accumulation model in which cumulative precipitation, air temperature and wind speed were used as input variables. The risk was analyzed in terms of the number of days per year when the accumulated amount of snow exceeded 20 kg m-2. Based on the risk, the forest area and mean carbon stock of seedling, young thinning and advanced thinning stands at risk were calculated. Furthermore, the number of 5-day periods, when the accumulated amount of snow exceeded a risk limit, was calculated for the current and changing climatic conditions in order to study the frequency of damaging snowfalls. Compared to the baseline period 1961-1990, the risk of snow-induced forest damage and the amount of damaging snowfalls were predicted to decrease from the first 30-year period (1991-2020) onwards. Over the whole country, the mean annual number of risk days decreased by 11%, 23% and 56% in the first, second and third 30-year period, respectively, compared to the baseline period. In the most hazardous areas in north-western and north-eastern Finland, the number of risk days decreased from the baseline period of over 30 days to about 8 days per year at the end of the century. Correspondingly, the shares of the forest area at risk were 1. 9%, 2. 0% and 1. 0% in the first, second and third 30-year period, respectively. The highest mean annual carbon stocks of young stands at risk were found in central, north-eastern and north-western Finland in the first and second 30-year period, varying between 0. 6 and 1. 2 Mg C ha-1 year-1, meaning at highest 3% of the mean carbon stock (Mg C stem wood ha-1) of those areas. This study showed that although the risk of snow-induced forest damage was mainly affected by changes in critical weather events, the development of growing stock under the changing climatic conditions also had an effect on the risk assessment. However, timely management of forest stands in the areas with a high risk of snow-induced damage contributes to the trees' increased resistance to the damage. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. AD - Faculty of Forest Sciences, University of Joensuu, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, Finland Kilpeläinen, A. Faculty of Forest Sciences, University of Joensuu, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland email: antti.kilpelainen@joensuu.fi AU - Kilpeläinen, A. AU - Gregow, H. AU - Strandman, H. AU - Kellomäki, S. AU - Venäläinen, A. AU - Peltola, H. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s10584-009-9655-6 IS - 1 J2 - Clim. Change KW - Air temperature Carbon stocks Climatic conditions Cumulative precipitation Eastern Finland Finland Forest area Forest damage Forest stand Growing stocks Hazardous area Induced damage Input variables Snow accumulation Stemwoods Temporal and spatial variability Timely management Weather events Wind speed Young stands Climate change Damage detection Forestry Risk management Snow Risk assessment air temperature carbon sequestration climate change deforestation environmental impact precipitation intensity risk assessment seedling snow accumulation spatial variation thinning wind velocity Damage Precipitation Risk Assessment Seasonal Variation LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 5 CODEN: CLCHD References: Carter, T.R., Jylhä, K., Perrels, A., FINADAPT scenarios for the 21st century: Alternative futures for considering adaptation to climate change in Finland (2005) Finadapt Working Paper 2, Finnish Environment Institute Mimeographs 332, , Helsinki, Finland; Gregow, H., Venäläinen, A., Peltola, H., Temporal and spatial occurrence of strong winds and large snow load amounts in Finland during 1961-2000 (2008) Silva Fenn, 42 (4), pp. 515-534; Heikinheimo, O., Suomen lumituhoalueet ja niiden metsät (1920) Commun Inst For Fenn, 3, pp. 1-133; Jylhä, K., Tuomenvirta, H., Ruosteenoja, K., Climate change projections for Finland during the 21st century (2004) Boreal Environ Res, 9, pp. 127-152; Kellomäki, S., Kolström, M., The influence of climate change on the productivity of Scots pine, Norway spruce, Pendula birch and Pubescent birch in southern and northern Finland (1994) For Ecol Manag, 65, pp. 201-217; Kellomäki, S., Väisänen, H., Hänninen, H., A simulation model for the succession of the boreal forest ecosystem (1992) Silva Fenn, 26, pp. 1-18; Kellomäki, S., Väisänen, H., Hänninen, H., Sima: A model for forest succession based on the carbon and nitrogen cycles with application to silvicultural management of the forest ecosystem (1992) Silva Carelica, 22, pp. 1-91; Kellomäki, S., Strandman, H., Nuutinen, T., (2005) Adaptation of Forest Ecosystems, Forests and Forestry to Climate Change, , FINADAPT Working Paper 4, Finnish Environment Institute Mimeographs 334, Helsinki, Finland; Kellomäki, S., Peltola, H., Nuutinen, T., Sensitivity of managed boreal forests in Finland to climate change, with implications for adaptive management (2008) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B, 363, pp. 2341-2351; Kolström, M., Ecological simulation model for studying diversity of stand structure in boreal forests (1998) Ecol Modell, 111, pp. 17-36; Koski, V., Tallqvist, R., Results on long-time measurements of the quantity of flowering and seed crop of forest trees (1978) Folia For, 364, pp. 1-60; Norokorpi, Y., Lakimetsien rajaamisen perusteita (1981) Metsäntutk.L. Tied, 24, pp. 59-65; Norokorpi, Y., Havumetsärajan sijainnin määräytyminen Suomessa (1994) Metsänraja Tutkimuksen Kohteena, 539, pp. 7-15. , In: Tasanen T, Varmola M, Niemi M (eds), Metsäntutk. l, (in Finnish); Nykänen, M.-L., Peltola, H., Quine, C., Factors affecting snow damage of trees with particular reference to European conditions (1997) Silva Fenn, 31, pp. 193-213; Päätalo, M.-L., Risk of snow damage in unmanaged and managed stands of Scots pine, Norway spruce and birch (2000) Scand J For Res, 15, pp. 530-541; Pellikka, P., Järvenpää, E., Forest stand characteristics and snow and wind induced forest damage in boreal forests (2003) Proceedings of The International Conference On Wind Effects On Trees, pp. 269-276. , In Ruck B (ed), 16-18 September 2003, Karlsruhe, Germany; (2006) Metsätilastollinen Vuosikirja 2006-skogsstatistisk Årsbok-finnish Statistical Yearbook of Forestry, , Peltola A (ed), SVT Maa-, metsä- ja kalatalous 2006, Metsäntutkimuslaitos, Finnish Forest Research Institute; Peltola, H., Nykänen, M.-L., Kellomäki, S., Model computations on the critical combination of snow loading and wind speed for snow damage of Scots pine, Norway spruce and Birch sp. at stand edge (1997) For Ecol Manag, 95, pp. 229-241; Peltola, H., Kellomäki, S., Väisänen, H., Model computations on the impacts on climatic change on soil frost with implications for wind throw risk of trees (1999) Clim Change, 41, pp. 17-36; Persson, P., (1972) Stand Treatment and Damage by Wind and Snow-Survey of Younger Thinning Experiments, , (Research Notes 23, in Swedish with English summary), Stockholm, Sweden: Department of Forest Yield Research, Royal College of Forestry; Petty, J.A., Worrell, R., Stability of coniferous tree stems in relation to damage by snow (1981) Forestry, 54 (2), pp. 115-128; Pukkala, T., Simulation model for natural regeneration of Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Betula pendula and Betula pubescens (1987) Silva Fenn, 21, pp. 37-53; Räisänen, J., Hansson, U., Ullerstig, A., European climate in the late twenty-first century: Regional simulations with two driving global models and two forcing scenarios (2004) Clim Dyn, 22, pp. 13-31; (1996) The Finnish Research Programme on Climate Change: Final Report., , J. Roos (Ed.), Helsinki, Finland: Publications of the Academy of Finland 4/96; Rottmann, M., (1985) Schneebruchschäden In Nadelholzbeständen, , Beiträge zur Beurteilung der Schneebruchgefährdung, zur Schadensvorbeugung und zur Behandlung schneegeschädigter Nadelholzbestände. J. D. Sauerländer's Verlag, Frankfurt am Main; Ruosteenoja, K., Jylhä, K., Tuomenvirta, H., (2005) Climate Scenarios for FINADAPT Studies of Climate Change Adaptation., , Helsinki, Finland: Finnish Environment Institute Mimeographs 345; Schelhaas, M.-J., Nabuurs, G.-J., Schuck, A., Natural disturbances in the European forests in the 19th and 20th centuries (2003) Global Change Biol, 9 (11), pp. 1620-1633; Schroeder, L.M., Eidmann, H.H., Attacks of bark- and wood-boring Coleoptera on snow-broken conifers over a two-year period (1993) Scand J For Res, 8, pp. 257-265; Shepard, R.K., Ice storm damage to loblolly pine in northern Lousiana (1975) J For, 73 (7), pp. 420-423; Solantie, R., Effect of weather and climatological background on snow damage of forests in Southern Finland in November 1991 (1994) Silva Fenn, 28 (3), pp. 203-211; Solantie, R., Ahti, K., Säätekijöiden vaikutus Etelä-Suomen lumituhoihin v. 1959. Summary: The influence of weather in the snow damage for forests of South-Finland in 1959 (1980) Silva Fenn, 14, pp. 342-353; Suominen, O., Metsiköiden alttius lumituhoon. Tutkimus Etelä-Suomessa talvella 1958-59 sattuneesta lumituhosta. Summary: Susceptibility of stands to devastation by snow. Investigation into snow devastation in South Finland in winter 1958-59 (1963) Silva Fenn, 112 (5), pp. 1-35; Valinger, E., Lundqvist, L., (1992) En Analys Av Snöbrottsskador På Örnsköldsviks Skogsförvaltning, , MoDo. Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för skogsskötsel. Rapporter 64, Umeå, Sweden; Valinger, E., Lundqvist, L., The influence of thinning and nitrogen fertilization on the frequency of snow and wind induced stand damage in forests (1992) Scot For, 46, pp. 311-320; Valinger, E., Lundqvist, L., (1994) Reducing Wind and Snow Induced Damage In Forestry, , Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för skogsskötsel. Rapporter 37, Umeå, Sweden; Valinger, E., Lundqvist, L., Bondesson, L., Assessing the risk of snow and wind damage from tree physical characteristics (1993) Forestry, 66, pp. 249-260; Valinger, E., Lundqvist, L., Brandel, G., Wind and snow damage in a thinning and fertilization experiment in Pinus sylvestris (1994) Scand J For Res, 9, pp. 129-134; Venäläinen, A., Tuomenvirta, H., Heikinheimo, M., Impact of climate change on soil frost under snow cover in a forested landscape (2001) Clim Res, 17, pp. 63-72; Venäläinen, A., Tuomenvirta, H., Pirinen, P., (2005) A Basic Finnish Climate Data Set 1961-2000-description and Illustrations, , Finnish Meteorological Institute Reports 2005: 5, Helsinki, Finland; Yrjölä, T., Forest management guidelines and practices in Finland, Sweden and Norway (2002) European Forest Institute. Internal Report, p. 11 PY - 2010 SN - 01650009 SP - 193-209 ST - Impacts of climate change on the risk of snow-induced forest damage in Finland T2 - Climatic Change TI - Impacts of climate change on the risk of snow-induced forest damage in Finland UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77149126727&partnerID=40&md5=6f2990545a00417899d17a2ef07fc807 VL - 99 ID - 1633 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kimball, B.A., Kobayashi, K. and M. Bindi PY - 2002 SP - 293–368 ST - Responses of agricultural crops to free-air CO2 enrich-ment T2 - Advances in Agronomy TI - Responses of agricultural crops to free-air CO2 enrich-ment VL - 77 ID - 1634 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 213198096 AU - Kimmins, J. P. CY - Upper Saddle River, NJ DB - GVK - Gemeinsamer Verbundkatalog DP - Gemeinsamer Bibliotheksverbund (GBV) / Verbundzentrale des GBV (VZG) ET - 2. ed KW - Forest ecology Forest ecology / Forests Wald LA - eng N1 - Includes bibliographical references (p. 542-589) and index SUB+Uni Göttingen <7> HAWK HHG UB Greifswald <9> UB Lüneburg PB - Prentice Hall PY - 1997 SN - 0-02-364071-5 SP - XII, 596 S. ST - Forest ecology. A foundation for sustainable management/ J.P. Kimmins TI - Forest ecology. A foundation for sustainable management/ J.P. Kimmins UR - http://www.gbv.de/dms/bowker/toc/9780023640711.pdf UR - http://gso.gbv.de/DB=2.1/PPNSET?PPN=213198096 ID - 1635 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kirch, W. AU - Menne, B. AU - Bertoline, R. (Eds.) CY - Heidelberg PB - Springer PY - 2005 ST - Extreme Weather Events and Public Health Re-sponses TI - Extreme Weather Events and Public Health Re-sponses ID - 1636 ER - TY - BOOK AB - The global climate is changing. During the last 100 years warming has been observed in all continents with an average increase of 0.6 ± 0.2°C (man ± SD) in the course of the 20th century. The greatest temperature changes occurred at middle and high latitudes in the northern hemispheres. The trend towards warmer average surface temperatures for the period since 1976 is roughly three times that of the past 100 years as a whole. In the last decades warming seems to be attributable to human activities (man-made environmental changes) like land-use changes, deforestation, urbanisation and the reduction of wetlands. Global climate change is likely to be accompanied by an increase in frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Climate variability occurs at both the level of gradual change as well as the level of extreme events.Extreme weather events are those events which society is unable to cope with. They are by definition rare stochastic events. Europe has experienced on unprecedented rate of extreme weather events in the last 30 years. Heat waves occurred in France, Italy, Portugal, Russian Federation, Hungary and Bulgaria between 2000 and 2003. The annual number of warm extremes increased twice as fast as expected based on the corresponding decrease in the rate of cold extremes. On the other hand cold waves brought serious health problems to Northern Europe, Russian Federation and even Bosnia Herzegovina. In 2002 Romania suffered deleterious windstorms and Public Health responses were necessary. Last but not least, in recent years severe flooding occurred in many European countries like U.K., Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Italy and Germany causing enormous damages, e.g. in August 2002. On the basis of current predictions on climate, more extreme weather events have to be faced in the coming years and they are likely to be more severe. Thus appropriate actions have to be undertaken in order to protect the population and the countries affected.In this book, articles under the following headings are published: "Climate variability and extremes in Europe", "Temperature extremes and health impact", "Response to temperature extremes", "Flooding: the impact on human health", "National case-studying of health care system responses to extreme weather events" and "Recommendations for Public Health responses to extreme weather events". They shed light on the mode of development and the damages caused by extreme weather events and finally give some hints of what has to be done to cope with them. AU - Kirch, W. AU - Menne, B. AU - Bertollini, R. CY - Berlin Heidelberg New York PB - Springer PY - 2005 SE - 303 ST - Extreme Weather Events and Public Health Responses TI - Extreme Weather Events and Public Health Responses ID - 1637 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kirnbauer, R. PB - Facultas PY - 2009 ST - Schnee und Gletscher - Wasserreserven für heute und morgen? TI - Schnee und Gletscher - Wasserreserven für heute und morgen? ID - 1638 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Achleitner, S. AU - Schöber, J. AU - Asztalos, J. AU - Schönlaub, H. PY - 2009 SP - 109-130 ST - Hochwasservorhersage Inn: Modellierung der Gletscherabflüsse T2 - Mitteilungsblatt des Hydrographischen Dienstes in Österreich TI - Hochwasservorhersage Inn: Modellierung der Gletscherabflüsse VL - 86 ID - 3589 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Schönlaub, H. PY - 2006 SP - 69-83 ST - Vorhersage für den Inn T2 - Wiener Mitteilungen Band 199: Hochwasservorhersage - Erfahrungen, Entwicklungen & Realität TI - Vorhersage für den Inn ID - 3590 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kirner, L. AU - Rosenwirth, C. AU - Janko, M. AU - Strocker, F. PY - 2009 ST - Health Check - Ergebnisse und Auswirkungen auf die österreichische Milchwirtschaft T2 - Sonderbeilage, DER FORTSCHRITTLICHE LANDWIRT TI - Health Check - Ergebnisse und Auswirkungen auf die österreichische Milchwirtschaft VL - 4 ID - 1639 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KIRNER, L. AU - SCHNEEBERGER, W. PY - 2000 SP - 30 - 33 ST - Österreich: Wie kann der biologische Landbau gesichert und ausgeweitet werden? T2 - Ökologie & Landbau TI - Österreich: Wie kann der biologische Landbau gesichert und ausgeweitet werden? VL - 114 ID - 1640 ER - TY - JOUR AD - CSIRO,Div.For., Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia Kirschbaum, M.U.Australia AU - Kirschbaum, M. U. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/0038-0717(94)00242-S IS - 6 J2 - SOIL BIOL. BIOCHEM. KW - decomposition global warming greenhouse gas primary productivity soil organic matter temperature LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):812 CODEN: SBIOA PY - 1995 SN - 00380717 SP - 753-760 ST - The temperature dependence of soil organic matter decomposition, and the effect of global warming on soil organic C storage T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry TI - The temperature dependence of soil organic matter decomposition, and the effect of global warming on soil organic C storage UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028993640&partnerID=40&md5=45ecdd33e8c17197e8670f0ff99e7738 VL - 27 ID - 3433 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The world's soils contain about 1500 Gt of organic carbon to a depth of 1m and a further 900 Gt from 1--2m. A change of total soil organic carbon by just 10% would thus be equivalent to all the anthropogenic CO 2 emitted over 30 years. Warming is likely to increase both the rate of decomposition and net primary production (NPP), with a fraction of NPP forming new organic carbon. Evidence from various sources can be used to assess whether NPP or the rate of decomposition has the greater temperature sensitivity, and, hence, whether warming is likely to lead to an increase or decrease in soil organic carbon. AU - Kirschbaum, Miko U. F. DO - 10.1023/A:1006238902976 IS - 1 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 2000 SN - 0168-2563 SP - 21-51 ST - Will changes in soil organic carbon act as a positive or negative feedback on global warming? T2 - Biogeochemistry TI - Will changes in soil organic carbon act as a positive or negative feedback on global warming? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006238902976 VL - 48 ID - 1641 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We measured nitrogen oxides (N2O and NOx), dinitrogen (N2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from a spruce-fir-beech forest soil in the North Tyrolean limestone Alps in Austria. The site received 10.6–11.9 kg N ha−1 y−1 nitrogen as bulk deposition. Fluxes of nitric oxide (NO) were measured by an automatic dynamic chamber system on an hourly basis over a two year period. Daily N2O emissions were obtained by a semi-automatic gas measuring system. In order to cover spatial variability biweekly manual measurements of N2O and CO2 emissions were carried out in addition. For acquiring information on the effects of soil and meteorological conditions and of N-deposition on N-emissions we chose the auto-regression procedure (time-series analysis) as our means of investigation. Hence, we could exclude the data's autocorrelation in the course of the time. We found that soil temperature, soil moisture and bulk N-deposition followed by air temperature and precipitation were the most powerful influencing parameters effecting N-emissions. With these variables, up to 89% of observed temporal variations of N-emissions could be explained. During the two-year investigation period between 2.5 and 3.5% of deposited N was reemitted in form of N2O whereas only 0.2% were emitted as NO. At our mountain forest site the main end-product of microbial activity processes was N2 and trace gases (N2O and NO) were only of minor importance. AU - Kitzler, B. AU - S. Zechmeister - Boltenstern, et al. DO - 10.5194/bg-3-383-2006 PY - 2006 SP - 383-395 ST - Controls over N2O, NOx and CO2 fluxes in a calcareous mountain forest soil T2 - Biogeoscience TI - Controls over N2O, NOx and CO2 fluxes in a calcareous mountain forest soil UR - http://www.biogeosciences.net/3/383/2006/ VL - 3 ID - 1642 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We analysed nitrogen oxides (N2O, NO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from two beech forest soils close to Vienna, Austria, which were exposed to different nitrogen input from the atmosphere. The site Schottenwald (SW) received 20.2 kg N ha−1 y−1 and Klausenleopoldsdorf (KL) 12.6 kg N ha−1 y−1 through wet deposition. Nitric oxide emissions from soil were measured hourly with an automatic dynamic chamber system. Daily N2O measurements were carried out by an automatic gas sampling system. Measurements of nitrous oxide (N2O) and CO2 emissions were conducted over larger areas on a biweekly (SW) or monthly (KL) basis by manually operated chambers. We used an autoregression procedure (time-series analysis) for establishing time-lagged relationships between N-oxides emissions and different climate, soil chemistry and N-deposition data. It was found that changes in soil moisture and soil temperature significantly effected CO2 and N-oxides emissions with a time lag of up to two weeks and could explain up to 95% of the temporal variations of gas emissions. Event emissions after rain or during freezing and thawing cycles contributed significantly (for NO 50%) to overall N-oxides emissions. In the two-year period of analysis the annual gaseous N2O emissions at SW ranged from 0.64 to 0.79 kg N ha−1 y−1 and NO emissions were 0.24 to 0.49 kg N ha−1 per vegetation period. In KL significantly lower annual N2O emissions (0.52 to 0.65 kg N2O-N kg ha−1 y−1) as well as considerably lower NO-emissions were observed. During a three-month measurement campaign NO emissions at KL were 0.02 kg N ha−1), whereas in the same time period significantly more NO was emitted in SW (0.32 kg NO-N ha−1). Higher N-oxides emissions, especially NO emissions from the high N-input site (SW) may indicate that atmospheric deposition has an impact on emissions of gaseous N from our forest soils. At KL there was a strong correlation between N-deposition and N-emission over time, which shows that low N-input sites are especially responsive to increasing N-inputs AU - Kitzler, B. AU - S. Zechmeister - Boltenstern, et al. DO - 10.5194/bg-3-293-2006 PY - 2006 SN - 1726-4170 SP - 293-310 ST - Nitrogen oxides emission from two beech forests subjected to different nitrogen loads T2 - Biogeosciences Discussions TI - Nitrogen oxides emission from two beech forests subjected to different nitrogen loads UR - http://www.biogeosciences.net/3/293/2006/ VL - 3 ID - 1643 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kitzler, Barbara AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Holtermann, Christian AU - Skiba, Ute AU - Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus LB - kitzler:06a PY - 2006 SP - 293-310 ST - Controls over N2O, NOx and CO2 fluxes in a calcareous mountain forest T2 - Biogeosciences TI - Controls over N2O, NOx and CO2 fluxes in a calcareous mountain forest VL - 3 ID - 1644 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Opportunities for observing long-term changes in natural biota are rare. Observations on the distribution and frequency of vascular plants were performed on 23 mountains situated along a west–east gradient in Jotunhei men, central Norway, where detailed site descriptions and species lists exist from ad 1930–31. The sites were resurveyed during the summer of 1998, to examine possible changes in species richness and species distributions along the altitudinal gradient during a 68-year period. Increased species richness was found on 19 of the mountains and was most pronounced at lower altitudes and in the eastern areas. Lowland species, dwarf shrubs and species with wide altitudinal and ecological ranges showed the greatest increases in abundance and altitudinal advances since the 1930–31 study. Species with more restricted habitat demands, such as some hygrophilous snow-bed species, have declined. High-altitude species have disappeared from their lower-elevation sites and increased their abundance at the highest altitudes. Climatic warming occurring in the last 100 years might have allowed the invasion of lowland and lee-slope species. Increased competition at sites where such species have invaded may have led to a decreased abundance of the less competitive species and a concentration of high-altitude species on the highest ridges. Natural succession since the ‘Little Ice Age’, increased deposition of nitrogen during recent years and changes in grazing and tourism might have in‘ uenced some of the species turnovers, but recent climatic changes are considered to be the most likely major driving factor for the changes observed. AU - Klanderud, Kari AU - Birks, H. J. B. DA - January 1, 2003 DO - 10.1191/0959683603hl589ft IS - 1 PY - 2003 SP - 1-6 ST - Recent increases in species richness and shifts in altitudinal distributions of Norwegian mountain plants T2 - The Holocene TI - Recent increases in species richness and shifts in altitudinal distributions of Norwegian mountain plants UR - http://hol.sagepub.com/content/13/1/1.abstract VL - 13 ID - 1645 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Storms have a high potential to cause severe ecological and economic losses in forests. We performed a logistic regression analysis to create a storm damage sensitivity index for North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, based on damage data of the storm event " Kyrill" Future storm conditions were derived from two regional climate models. We combined these measures to an impact metric, which is embedded in a broader vulnerability framework and quantifies the impacts of winter storms under climate change until 2060. Sensitivity of forest stands to windthrow was mainly driven by a high proportion of coniferous trees, a complex orography and poor quality soils. Both climate models simulated an increase in the frequency of severe storms, whereby differences between regions and models were substantial. Potential impacts will increase although they will vary among regions with the highest impacts in the mountainous regions. Our results emphasise the need for combining storm damage sensitivity with climate change signals in order to develop forest protection measures. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. AD - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, P.O. Box 60 12 03, 14412 Potsdam, Germany Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099 Berlin, Germany Holsten, A. Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, P.O. Box 60 12 03, 14412 Potsdam, Germany email: holsten@pik-potsdam.de AU - Klaus, M. AU - Holsten, A. AU - Hostert, P. AU - Kropp, J. P. 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WMO-No. 306Zeng, H., Garcia-Gonzalo, J., Peltola, H., Kellomäki, S., The effects of forest structure on the risk of wind damage at a landscape level in a boreal forest ecosystem (2010) Annals of Forest Science, 67 (1), p. 111 PY - 2011 SN - 03781127 SP - 1799-1810 ST - Integrated methodology to assess windthrow impacts on forest stands under climate change T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Integrated methodology to assess windthrow impacts on forest stands under climate change UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79955018146&partnerID=40&md5=a44d6d578a458988d5f8c4a6ef0e54fe VL - 261 ID - 3434 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Klaus, S. H. AU - H., Bergmann AU - C., Marti AU - Müller F., VitoviČ O.A. AU - J., Wiesner PB - A. Ziemsen Verlag PY - 1990 SP - 288 ST - Die Birkhühner. Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei, A. Ziemsen Verlag; 288 pp. T2 - Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei TI - Die Birkhühner ID - 1646 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KLAUS, S., H.-H. BERGMANN, C. MARTI, F. MÜLLER, O.A. VITOVIČ, J. WIESNER PY - 1990 ST - Die Birkhühner. Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei, A. Ziemsen Verlag; 288 pp. TI - Die Birkhühner. Die Neue Brehm-Bücherei, A. Ziemsen Verlag; 288 pp ID - 1647 ER - TY - GEN AU - Kleeberg, H. B. LB - klee99 PB - http://www.bauv.unibw-muenchen.de/institute/inst6_ PY - 1999 ST - Informationssystem Schnee (ISSchnee) TI - Informationssystem Schnee (ISSchnee) ID - 1648 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kleemayr, K. AU - Fuch, H. LB - kleemayr2002 PB - Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2002 ST - Lawinenkundliche und Waldbauliche Analyse Des Katastrophenwinters 1998/99 und Erstellung Eines Standardverfahrens Zur Dynamisierten Ermittlung Lawinengefährdeter Bereiche, Forschungsbericht im Auftrag Des BMLFUw und der Boku TI - Lawinenkundliche und Waldbauliche Analyse Des Katastrophenwinters 1998/99 und Erstellung Eines Standardverfahrens Zur Dynamisierten Ermittlung Lawinengefährdeter Bereiche, Forschungsbericht im Auftrag Des BMLFUw und der Boku ID - 1649 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract 10.1002/joc.773.abs We present a dataset of daily resolution climatic time series that has been compiled for the European Climate Assessment (ECA). As of December 2001, this ECA dataset comprises 199 series of minimum, maximum and/or daily mean temperature and 195 series of daily precipitation amount observed at meteorological stations in Europe and the Middle East. Almost all series cover the standard normal period 1961–90, and about 50% extends back to at least 1925. Part of the dataset (90%) is made available for climate research on CDROM and through the Internet (at http://www.knmi.nl/samenw/eca). A comparison of the ECA dataset with existing gridded datasets, having monthly resolution, shows that correlation coefficients between ECA stations and nearest land grid boxes between 1946 and 1999 are higher than 0.8 for 93% of the temperature series and for 51% of the precipitation series. The overall trends in the ECA dataset are of comparable magnitude to those in the gridded datasets. The potential of the ECA dataset for climate studies is demonstrated in two examples. In the first example, it is shown that the winter (October–March) warming in Europe in the 1976–99 period is accompanied by a positive trend in the number of warm-spell days at most stations, but not by a negative trend in the number of cold-spell days. Instead, the number of cold-spell days increases over Europe. In the second example, it is shown for winter precipitation between 1946 and 1999 that positive trends in the mean amount per wet day prevail in areas that are getting drier and wetter. Because of its daily resolution, the ECA dataset enables a variety of empirical climate studies, including detailed analyses of changes in the occurrence of extremes in relation to changes in mean temperature and total precipitation. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society. AU - Klein Tank, A. M. G. AU - Wijngaard, J. B. AU - Können, G. P. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Demarée, G. AU - Gocheva, A. AU - Mileta, M. AU - Pashiardis, S. AU - Hejkrlik, L. AU - Kern-Hansen, C. AU - Heino, R. AU - Bessemoulin, P. AU - Müller-Westermeier, G. AU - Tzanakou, M. AU - Szalai, S. AU - Pálsdóttir, T. AU - Fitzgerald, D. AU - Rubin, S. AU - Capaldo, M. AU - Maugeri, M. AU - Leitass, A. AU - Bukantis, A. AU - Aberfeld, R. AU - van Engelen, A. F. V. AU - Forland, E. AU - Mietus, M. AU - Coelho, F. AU - Mares, C. AU - Razuvaev, V. AU - Nieplova, E. AU - Cegnar, T. AU - Antonio López, J. AU - Dahlström, B. AU - Moberg, A. AU - Kirchhofer, W. AU - Ceylan, A. AU - Pachaliuk, O. AU - Alexander, L. V. AU - Petrovic, P. DO - 10.1002/joc.773 IS - 12 KW - daily climate dataset temperature and precipitation extremes climate of Europe PY - 2002 SN - 1097-0088 SP - 1441-1453 ST - Daily dataset of 20th-century surface air temperature and precipitation series for the European Climate Assessment T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Daily dataset of 20th-century surface air temperature and precipitation series for the European Climate Assessment UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.773 VL - 22 ID - 1650 ER - TY - THES AU - Kleindienst, H. CY - München PB - Ludwig Maximilians Universität München PY - 1996 SP - 165 ST - Erweiterung und Erprobung eines anwendungsorientierten hydrologischen Modells zur Gangliniensimulation in kleinen Wildbacheinzugsgebieten T2 - Institut für Geographie TI - Erweiterung und Erprobung eines anwendungsorientierten hydrologischen Modells zur Gangliniensimulation in kleinen Wildbacheinzugsgebieten VL - Master ID - 3591 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC01621351 AU - Kleine, Michael CY - Wien KW - Warscheneck - L=EF=BF=BDrchenwald - Arvenwald - Waldinventur - - = Warscheneck - L=EF=BF=BDrchenwald - Arvenwald - Karst BOK50 Warscheneck L=EF=BF=BDrchenwald Arvenwald Waldinventur Karst N1 - Zugl.: Wien, Univ. f=EF=BF=BDr Bodenkultur, Diss., 1983 UBBW Hauptbibl. Magazin I-38234/22 Entlehnbar UBBW Serviceeinr./Leitung Univ.-Leitung int. Gebrauch UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WB-3282 Entlehnbar PB - VWGÖ PY - 1984 SN - 3-85369-562-0 SP - 150 S. ST - Waldbauliche Untersuchungen im Karbonat-Lärchen-Zirbenwald Warscheneck-Totes Gebirge mit Verkarstungsgefahr T2 - Dissertationen der Universität Bodenkultur in Wien ; 22 TI - Waldbauliche Untersuchungen im Karbonat-Lärchen-Zirbenwald Warscheneck-Totes Gebirge mit Verkarstungsgefahr ID - 1651 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KLEINE, R. PY - 1911 SP - 63 - 64, 70 - 72 ST - Biologische Betrachtungen an Gastroidea (Gastrophysa) viridula Deg. (Col.) T2 - Int. Ent. Z. (Guben) TI - Biologische Betrachtungen an Gastroidea (Gastrophysa) viridula Deg. (Col.) ID - 1652 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The autochthony of source populations is a major concern in provenance research and regulations. The concept of autochthony, in turn, is closely associated with the adaptedness of populations. Problems of provenance delineation are therefore closely associated with problems of delineating the spatial expanse of adapted populations. Based on operational formulations of the concepts of autochthony and adaptation, an approach to population delineation is developed. The approach considers jointly the basic requirements of reproductive coherence and adaptational interrelationships among the members of a population. It does this by applying cluster analysis for the identification of groups of individuals which distinctly differ both spatially and genetically (spatiogenetically) from other groups. If a thus delineated population shows spatiogenetically distinguished subpopulation structure, reciprocal translocation tests (in the form of provenance trials) are recommended in order to qualify the area of the population's range to be declared a provenance region and to define the region of potential transfer for these provenances. The tests include analyses of adaptation based on genetic markers. The population-based approach is contrasted with common practices of provenance delineation. Occasionally expressed doubts on the practical significance of autochthony are discussed. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Inst. F. Forstgenetik F., Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany Kleinschmit, J.R.G. Inst. F. Forstgenetik F., Georg-August-Univ. Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany email: jkleins1@gwdg.de AU - Kleinschmit, J. R. G. AU - Kownatzki, D. AU - Gregorius, H. R. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.05.037 IS - 1-3 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Adaptedness Autochthony Population delineation Provenance region Seed zone Genetic engineering Problem solving Cluster analysis Genetic markers Ecology adaptation autochthon provenance Genetic Engineering Problem Solving LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 17 CODEN: FECMD References: Anonymous, 1994. Verordnung iiber Herkunftsgebiete fiir forstliches Vermehrungsgut (Forstsaat-Herkunftsgebietsverordnung) (BGBl. 1994 I 3578). Vom 7. Oktober 1994. BGB1, 1994, p. 3578Anonymous, 1999. Council Directive 1999/105/EC, Article 2(g)Bastien, C., Denis, J.B., (1995) How could we describe provenance x site interactions in IUFRO serials and better understand natural adaptability? Example of the British IUFRO Grand fir multisite provenance trial, , Paper Presented, Pinus contorta and Abies, Limoges, France, August 1-4, 1995. Joint Meeting of the IUFRO Working Parties on Douglas-fir; Bradshaw, A.D., (1962) The Taxonomic Problems of Local Geographical Variation in Plant Species, , Systematics Association, Publ. 4; Brandon, R.N., (1990) Adaptation and Environment, , Princeton University Press; Dobzhansky, T., Adaptedness and fitness (1968) Population Biology and Evolution, pp. 109-121. , Lewontin, R.C. (Ed.), Syracuse University Press; Geburek, T., Autochthone Bestände - Allheilmittel fiir die Forstwirtschaft? (2002) Österreichische Forstzeitung, 6, pp. 5-7; Gregorius, H.-R., The attribution of phenotypic variation to genetic or environmental variation in ecological studies (1989) Genetic Effects of Air Pollutants in Forest Tree Populations, pp. 3-15. , Scholz, F., Gregorius, H.-R., Rudin, D. (Eds.), Springer-Verlag; Gregorius, H.-R., The contribution of the genetics of populations to ecosystem stability (1996) Silvae Genet., 45 (56), pp. 267-271; Gregorius, H.-R., (2002) Revealing Spatial Genetic Structure Through Cluster Analyses, , submitted for publication; Hattemer, H.H., Are the EEC directives on forest reproductive material genetically adequate? (1987) Silvae Genet., 36 (2), pp. 94-102; Kleinschmit, J., Mit der Douglasie in die Zukunft (2000) Ökologische und Ökonomische Bilanz: Genetik. Forst und Holz, 22, pp. 713-715; Konnert, M., Bergmann, F., The geographical distribution of genetic variation of silver fir (Abies alba, Pinaceae) in relation to its migration history (1995) Plant System. Evol., 196, pp. 19-30; Kremer, A., Kleinschmit, J., Cottrell, J., Cundall, E.P., Deans, J.D., Ducoussoa, A., Konig, A.O., Stephan, B.R., Is there a correlation between chloroplastic and nuclear divergence, or what are the roles of history and selection on genetic diversity in European oaks? (2002) For. Ecol. Manage., 156, p. 7587; Langlet, O., Two hundred years genecology (1971) Taxon, 20, pp. 653-722; Lindgren, D., Ying, C.C., A model integration seed source adaptation and seed use (2000) New For., 20, pp. 87-104; Mátyás, C., Genetic and ecological constraints of adaptation (1989) Proceedings of the IUFRO International Symposium on Forest Genetics, Breeding and Physiology, pp. 79-89. , Voronezh, USSR; Mátyás, C., (1990) Adaptation Lag: A General Feature of Natural Populations, , Joint meeting of WFGA and IUFRO working parties S2.02.5, 6, 12 and 14, Olympia, WA, USA; Mátyás, C., Yeatman, C.W., Effect of geographical transfer on growth and survival of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) populations (1992) Silvae Genet., 41 (6), pp. 370-376; Morgenstern, E.K., (1996) Geographic Variation in Forest Trees. Genetic Basis and Application of Knowledge in Silviculture, p. 209. , UBC Press, Vancouver; Namkoong, G., Nonoptimality of local races (1969) Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Forest Tree Improvement, , Texas A+M University Press, College Station, TX; Petit, R.J., Csaikl, U.M., Bordács, S., Burg, K., Coart, E., Cottrell, J., Van Dam, B., Kremer, A., Phylogeography and patterns of diversity based on data from over 2600 populations (2002) For. Ecol. Manage., 156 (13), pp. 5-26; Raymond, C.A., Lindgren, D., Genetic flexibility: A model for determining the range of suitable environments for a seed source (1990) Silvae Genet., 39 (34), pp. 112-120; Rehfeldt, G.E., Ecological adaptations in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga meinziesii var. glauca) populations. I. North Idaho and north-east Washington (1979) Heredity, 43, pp. 383-397; Rehfeldt, G.E., Genetic variation, climate models and the ecological genetics of Larix occidentalis (1995) For. Ecol. Manage., 78, pp. 21-37; Roberds, J.H., Hyun, J.O., Namkoong, G., Rink, G., Height response functions for white ash provenances grown at different latitudes (1990) Silvae Genet., 39 (34), pp. 121-129; Rohmeder, E., Beispiele für die Überlegenheit fremder Provenienzen über die einheimische Standortrasse bei den Baumarten Pinus silvestris und Picea abies (1959) Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift, 14, pp. 756-760; Rohmeder, E., Schönbach, H., (1959) Genetik und Züchtung der Waldbäume, , Paul Parey, Hamburg, Berlin; Schoppa, F.N., Gregorius, H.-R., Is autochthony an operational concept? (2001) Genetic Responses of Forest Systems to Changing Environmental Conditions, 70, pp. 173-185. , Müller-Starck, G., Schubert, R. (Eds.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Boston, London; Silen, R., A 50-year racial study of Douglas-fir in Western Oregon and Washington (1965) Proceedings of the Western Forest Genetics Association, , Olympia, Washington, December 6-7, 1965; Stern, K., Herkunftsversuche für Zwecke der Forstpflanzenzüchtung, erläutert am Beispiel zweier Modellversuche (1964) Der Züchter, 34 (5), pp. 181-219; Wellendorf, H., Werner, M., Roulund, H., Delineation of breeding zones and efficiency of late and early selection within and between zones (1986) For. Tree Improve., 19, pp. 1-53. , Arboretet, Hørsholm, DSR Forlag, København; Westfall, R.D., Developing seed transfer zones (1992) Handbook of Quantitative Forest Genetics, pp. 313-398. , Fins, L., Friedman, S.T., Brotschol, J.V. (Eds.), Kluwer, Dordrecht PY - 2004 SN - 03781127 SP - 213-224 ST - Adaptational characteristics of autochthonous populations - Consequences for provenance delineation T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Adaptational characteristics of autochthonous populations - Consequences for provenance delineation UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3843060296&partnerID=40&md5=2bd0191f0ae7be4870ad7dc9f66971c7 VL - 197 ID - 1653 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KLEMS, EU PY - 2007 ST - Growth and Productivity Accounts TI - Growth and Productivity Accounts UR - http://www.euklems.com ID - 1654 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kletzan, D. AU - Köppl, A. AU - Kratena, K. PY - 2003 ST - Ökonomische Aspekte des Hochwassers 2002: Datenanalyse, Vermögensrechnung und gesamtwirtschaftliche Effekte TI - Ökonomische Aspekte des Hochwassers 2002: Datenanalyse, Vermögensrechnung und gesamtwirtschaftliche Effekte UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 1655 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KLIER, H. AU - KLIER, W. CY - München PY - 1978 SP - 424 ST - Zillertaler Alpen. Alpenvereinsführer TI - Zillertaler Alpen. Alpenvereinsführer ID - 1656 ER - TY - JOUR AU - A., Klik IS - 5-6 PY - 2003 SP - 89-96 ST - Einfluss unterschiedlicher Bodenbearbeitung auf Oberflächenabfluss, Bodenabtrag sowie Nährstoff- und Pestizidausträge T2 - Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft TI - Einfluss unterschiedlicher Bodenbearbeitung auf Oberflächenabfluss, Bodenabtrag sowie Nährstoff- und Pestizidausträge VL - 55 ID - 1657 ER - TY - GEN A2 - (Hrsg.), Universität für Bodenkultur Wien AU - Klik, A. PY - 2006 SP - 55-68 ST - Entwicklung eines Entscheidungsunterstützungsmodells zur nachhaltigen Bewirtschaftung von landwirtschaftlich genutzten Einzugsgebieten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Stoffhaushaltes T2 - bokuINSIDE II – Nachhaltige Ergebnisse der Responsible University. Präsentationen der BOKUForschungsstimulierung II TI - Entwicklung eines Entscheidungsunterstützungsmodells zur nachhaltigen Bewirtschaftung von landwirtschaftlich genutzten Einzugsgebieten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Stoffhaushaltes ID - 1658 ER - TY - CONF AU - KLIK, A. AU - ZARTL, A.S. CY - Honolulu, Hawaii PB - American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE): St. Joseph PY - 2001 SP - 350-353 ST - Comparison of Soil Erosion Simulations Using WEPP and RUSLE with Field Measurements T2 - International Symposium „Soil Erosion Research for the 21st Century“ TI - Comparison of Soil Erosion Simulations Using WEPP and RUSLE with Field Measurements ID - 1659 ER - TY - GEN AU - Klik, A. AU - Hebel, B. AU - Rosner, J. PY - 2000 SP - 48 ST - Erosionsschutz in der Landwirtschaft - Erfolgreiche Maßnahmen gegen Bodenerosion auf ackerbaulich genutzten Flächen T2 - LAKO und Land- Impulse TI - Erosionsschutz in der Landwirtschaft - Erfolgreiche Maßnahmen gegen Bodenerosion auf ackerbaulich genutzten Flächen ID - 1660 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The goal of the present study was to assess the impact of selected soil protection measures on soil erosion and retention of rainwater in a 1·14 km2 watershed used for agriculture in the north-east of Austria. Watershed conditions under conventional tillage (CT), no-till (NT) and under grassland use were simulated using the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) soil erosion model. The period 1961–90 was used as a reference and results were compared to future Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios A1B and A2 (2040–60). AN - 346 AU - Klik, A. AU - Eitzinger, J. KW - Austria climate change soil cultivation soil erosion N1 - 10.1017/S0021859610000158 SP - 529 ST - Impact of Climate Change on Soil Erosion and the Efficiency of Soil Conservation Practices in Austria T2 - The Journal of Agricultural Science TI - Impact of Climate Change on Soil Erosion and the Efficiency of Soil Conservation Practices in Austria UR - http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=7452016 VL - 148 ID - 1661 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The goal of the present study was to assess the impact of selected soil protection measures on soil erosion and retention of rainwater in a 1·14 km2 watershed used for agriculture in the north-east of Austria. Watershed conditions under conventional tillage (CT), no-till (NT) and under grassland use were simulated using the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) soil erosion model. The period 1961–90 was used as a reference and results were compared to future Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios A1B and A2 (2040–60). The simulations for the NT and grassland options suggested runoff would decrease by 38 and 75%, respectively, under the current climatic conditions. The simulation results suggest that, under future climate scenarios, the effectiveness of the selected soil conservation measures with respect to runoff will be similar, or decreased by 16–53%. The actual average net soil losses in the watershed varied from 2·57 t/ha/yr for conventional soil management systems to 0.01 t/ha/yr for grassland. This corresponds to a maximum average annual loss of about 0·2 mm, which is considered to be the average annual soil formation rate and therefore an acceptable soil loss. The current soil/land use does not exceed this limit, with most of the erosion occurring during spring time. Under future climate scenarios, the simulations suggested that CT would either decrease soil erosion by up to 55% or increase it by up to 56%. Under these conditions, the acceptable limits will partly be exceeded. The simulations of NT suggested this would reduce annual soil loss rates (compared to CT) to 0·2 and 1·4 t/ha, i.e. about the same or slightly higher than for NT under actual conditions. The simulation of conversion to grassland suggested soil erosion was almost completely prevented. The selected soil conservation methods maintain their protective effect on soil resources, independent of the climate scenario. Therefore, with small adaptations, they can also be recommended as sustainable soil/land management systems under future climatic conditions. However, based on the available climate scenarios, climate-induced changes in the frequency and intensity of heavy rainstorms were only considered in a limited way in the present work. As the general future trend indicates a strong increase of rainstorms with high intensity during summer months, the results of the present study may be too optimistic. AU - Klik, A. AU - Eitzinger, J. IS - 5 PY - 2010 SP - 529-541 ST - Impact of climate change on soil erosion and the efficiency of soil conservation practices in Austria T2 - Journal of agricultural science. TI - Impact of climate change on soil erosion and the efficiency of soil conservation practices in Austria UR - http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND44421633 VL - 148 ID - 3355 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Klik, A. AU - Baumer, O.W. CY - Wien PB - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft PY - 1994 SP - 110 ST - Studie zur strategischen Erfassung und Verminderung der Bodenerosion durch Wasser T2 - Endbericht TI - Studie zur strategischen Erfassung und Verminderung der Bodenerosion durch Wasser ID - 1662 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Horowitz, A.J. and D.E. Walling (eds.) AU - Klik, A. AU - Jester, W. AU - Rauter, Ch. CY - Foz do Iguazu, Brazil PY - 2005 SN - 1-901502-92-9 SP - 127-135 ST - Sediment transport in a small agricultural watershed – evaluation of WEPP simulations with measured data T2 - Sediment Budgets 2. Vol. 2 of the proceedings of the International Symposium on Sediment Budgets, VII th Scientific Assembly of the IAHS TI - Sediment transport in a small agricultural watershed – evaluation of WEPP simulations with measured data VL - IAHS Publication 292 ID - 1663 ER - TY - GEN AU - Kling, H. AU - Fürst, J. AU - Nachtnebel, H.P. CY - Wien PB - Austrian Academy of Sciences, HÖ 27/2003 PY - 2005 ST - Spatio-temporal water balance Danube – A methodology for the spatially distributed, seasonal water balance of the Danube basin. Final Report TI - Spatio-temporal water balance Danube – A methodology for the spatially distributed, seasonal water balance of the Danube basin. Final Report ID - 1664 ER - TY - CONF AU - KMENT, M. PB - ILS – Institut für Landes- und Stadtentwicklungsforschung mbH PY - 2010 SP - 40-45 ST - Rechtsfragen der Klimaanpassung T2 - Veranstaltungsdokumentation - 15. Planerkonferenz für Planerinnen und Planer NRW - Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung – Herausforderungen – Strategien – Beispiele für Stadt und Region TI - Rechtsfragen der Klimaanpassung ID - 1665 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kmety, E., Gurycova, D., Jarekova J., Rehacek, J. PY - 1987 SP - A 266, 249-254. ST - Versuch der Tilgung eines Natur-herdes der Tularämie und der Leptospirose. Zbl. Bakt. Hyg. A 266. TI - Versuch der Tilgung eines Natur-herdes der Tularämie und der Leptospirose. Zbl. Bakt. Hyg. A 266 ID - 1666 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kmety, E. AU - D., Gurycova AU - J., Jarekova AU - J., Rehacek PY - 1987 SP - 249-254 ST - Versuch der Tilgung eines Natur-herdes der Tularämie und der Leptospirose. Zbl. Bakt. Hyg. A 266. T2 - Zbl. Bakt. Hyg. A TI - Versuch der Tilgung eines Natur-herdes der Tularämie und der Leptospirose. 266 VL - 266 ID - 1667 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KNAUS, W., und W. SCHRÖDER PY - 1975 ST - Das Gamswild. 2. Auflage, Berlin: Paul Parey TI - Das Gamswild. 2. Auflage, Berlin: Paul Parey ID - 1668 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Knaus, W. AU - W., Schröder CY - Berlin PB - Paul Parey PY - 1975 ST - Das Gamswild. 2. Auflage, Berlin: Paul Parey TI - Das Gamswild VL - 2. Auflage ID - 1669 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Knechtli, R. AU - Jenni, L. PY - 1989 SP - 53-63 ST - Distribution And Relative Density Of 3 Sandfly (Diptera, Phlebotominae) Species In Southern Switzerland T2 - Annales De Parasitologie Humaine Et Comparee TI - Distribution And Relative Density Of 3 Sandfly (Diptera, Phlebotominae) Species In Southern Switzerland VL - 64 ID - 1670 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kneitz, S. LB - knei99 PY - 1999 SP - 185 ST - Ur Jahresphänologie adulter Gras(Rana temporaria) und Springfrösche (Rana dalmatina) an Laichgewässern im Drachenfesler Länndchen sudwetlich von Bonn T2 - Zeitschrift für Feldherpetologie TI - Ur Jahresphänologie adulter Gras(Rana temporaria) und Springfrösche (Rana dalmatina) an Laichgewässern im Drachenfesler Länndchen sudwetlich von Bonn VL - 6 ID - 1671 ER - TY - RPRT AU - KNIELING, A. PY - 2011 ST - Anpassungsstrategien in der Stadt- und Umlandentwicklung T2 - KLIMZUG-NORD Teilprojekt 2.3. Zwischenstand Mai 2011 TI - Anpassungsstrategien in der Stadt- und Umlandentwicklung UR - http://klimzug-nord.de/index.php/page/2009-04-06-Teilprojekt-T2.3 (abgerufen: 21.02.2013) ID - 1672 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Fitzner, Betreut von Bartsch und AU - Knissel, Jens PB - Technische Universität Wien, Fakultät III - Prozesswissenschaften PY - 2002 ST - Energieeffiziente Bürogebäude mit reduzierten internen Wärmequellen und Wärmeschutz auf Passivhausniveau TI - Energieeffiziente Bürogebäude mit reduzierten internen Wärmequellen und Wärmeschutz auf Passivhausniveau ID - 1673 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) between the atmosphere and a forest after disturbance by wind throw in the western Russian taiga was investigated between July and October 1998 using the eddy covariance technique. The research area was a regenerating forest (400 m × 1000 m), in which all trees of the preceding generation were uplifted during a storm in 1996. All deadwood had remained on site after the storm and had not been extracted for commercial purposes. Because of the heterogeneity of the terrain, several micrometeorological quality tests were applied. In addition to the eddy covariance measurements, carbon pools of decaying wood in a chronosequence of three different wind throw areas were analysed and the decay rate of coarse woody debris was derived. During daytime, the average CO2 uptake flux was -3 μmol m-2s-1, whereas during night-time characterised by a well-mixed atmosphere the rates of release were typically about 6 μmol m-2s-1. Suppression of turbulent fluxes was only observed under conditions with very low friction velocity (u*≲0.08 ms-1). On average, 164 mmol CO2m-2d-1 was released from the wind throw to the atmosphere, giving a total of 14.9 mol CO2m-2 (180 g CO2m-2) released during the 3-month study period. The chronosequence of dead woody debris on three different wind throw areas suggested exponential decay with a decay coefficient of -0.04yr-1. From the magnitude of the carbon pools and the decay rate, it is estimated that the decomposition of coarse woody debris accounted for about a third of the total ecosystem respiration at the measurement site. Hence, coarse woody debris had a long-term influence on the net ecosystem exchange of this wind throw area. From the analysis performed in this work, a conclusion is drawn that it is necessary to include into flux networks the ecosystems that are subject to natural disturbances and that have been widely omitted into considerations of the global carbon budget. The half-life time of about 17 years for deadwood in the wind throw suggests a fairly long storage of carbon in the ecosystem, and indicates a very different long-term carbon budget for naturally disturbed vs. commercially managed forests. AD - Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, P.O. Box 100164, 07701 Jena, Germany Central Forest Biosphere Nature Reserve, p/o Zapovednik, Nelidovo, Tver oblast, 172513, Russian Federation Institute of Evolution and Ecology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 33, 117071 Moscow, Russian Federation Abteilung Mikrometeorologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany Knohl, A. Max-Planck Inst. for Biogeochemistry, P.O. Box 100164, Jena 07701, Germany email: aknohl@bgc-jena.mpg.de AU - Knohl, A. AU - Kolle, O. AU - Minayeva, T. Y. AU - Milyukova, I. M. AU - Vygodskaya, N. N. AU - Foken, T. AU - Schulze, E. D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2002.00475.x IS - 3 J2 - Global Change Biol. 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PY - 2010 SP - 83 ST - Pilotprojekt Bodenbewertung Oberösterreich TI - Pilotprojekt Bodenbewertung Oberösterreich ID - 3395 ER - TY - RPRT AB - Das Land Salzburg besitzt mit der Alpenkonvention von 1991 und dem Salzburger Bodenschutzgesetz von 2001 ein modernes Rechtsinstrumentarium, das den Schutz der Böden und ihrer natürlichen Bodenfunktionen zum Ziel hat. Dies gilt in besonderem Maße für Pläne und Projekte, für die Umweltprüfungen nach der SUP-Richtlinie bzw. nach der UVP-Richtlinie durchzuführen sind. Das Land Salzburg beauftragte im Jahr 2009 die Erstellung eines Leitfadens, um methodisch eine einheitliche Bewertung der Bodenfunktionen bei Planungs- und Genehmigungsvorhaben zu ermöglichen. Die Bewertung soll mit im Land Salzburg vorhandenen Daten möglichst einfach und transparent durchführbar sein. Im Leitfaden wurden entsprechend den maßgeblichen Rechtsgrundlagen, die eine funktionsbezogene Betrachtung des Bodens fordern, relevante Bodenteilfunktionen definiert. Je Bodenteilfunktion wurde eine Methode ausgewählt und erläutert, die auf der Datengrundlage der Bodenschätzung eine Bewertung erlaubt. Im Weiteren wurde eine Interpretation der Bewertungsergebnisse im Rahmen von Umwelterheblichkeitsprüfungen, Umweltprüfungen und Umweltverträglichkeitsprüfungen erarbeitet. Die vorliegende Publikation beinhaltet eine leicht gekürzte Fassung des vom Land Salzburg im Jahr 2010 herausgegebenen Leitfadens „Bodenschutz bei Planungsvorhaben im Land Salzburg“, die um eine Diskussion der Aussagekraft der herangezogenen Methoden und einen Überblick über die Akzeptanz des Leitfadens in der Planerszene erweitert wurde. With the Alpine Convention of 1991 and the Soil Protection Act of Salzburg of 2001 the state of Salzburg owns a modern legal mechanism the aim of which is the protection of soils and its natural soil functions. This applies in particular to the plans and projects where environmental assessments are to be carried out in accordance with the strategic environmental assessment directive (SEA) respectively the environmental impact assessment directive (EIA). In 2009, the state of Salzburg commissioned the preparation of a guide to allow a uniform assessment of the soil functions in planning and authorisation projects methodically. The assessment shall be performed with data already existing in the state of Salzburg and in an easy and transparent way. AU - KNOLL, A. AU - SUTOR, G. AU - MEIER, R. CY - Mitt. ÖBG M1 - 78 N1 - http://www.land-plan.de/PDF/110503_OEBG_LFBodenschutzSbg.pdf PY - 2011 RP - http://www.land-plan.de/PDF/110503_OEBG_LFBodenschutzSbg.pdf SP - 51-88 ST - BODENSCHUTZ BEI PLANUNGSVORHABEN IM LAND SALZBURG TI - BODENSCHUTZ BEI PLANUNGSVORHABEN IM LAND SALZBURG ID - 3396 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Knorr, W AU - Prentice, IC AU - House, JI AU - Holland, EA LB - knorr:05 PY - 2005 SP - 298-301 ST - Long-term sensitivity of soil carbon turnover to warming T2 - Nature TI - Long-term sensitivity of soil carbon turnover to warming VL - 433 ID - 1674 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Koch, E. LB - koch82 PY - 1982 SP - 41-44 ST - Das phänologische Shnellmeldenetz T2 - Wetter und Leben TI - Das phänologische Shnellmeldenetz VL - 34 ID - 1675 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Koch, E. AU - Marktl, W. AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Nefzger, H. AU - Rudel, E. AU - Schunder-Tatzber, S. AU - Zygmuntowski, M. PB - Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2005 ST - Klimatherapie in Österreich T2 - Broschüre zu den Potentialen der Klimatherapie in Österreich TI - Klimatherapie in Österreich ID - 1676 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Forstverwaltung Nasswald der Quellenschutzwälder der Stadt Wien, Forstamt und Landwirtschaftsbetriebe der Stadt Wien AU - Koeck, R. AU - Mrkvicka, A. AU - Weidinger, H. CY - Wien PB - Forstverwaltung Nasswald der Quellenschutzwälder der Stadt Wien, Forstamt und Landwirtschaftsbetriebe der Stadt Wien PY - 2001 ST - Bericht zur Forstlichen Standortskartierung im Revier Rax [In German] TI - Bericht zur Forstlichen Standortskartierung im Revier Rax [In German] ID - 3436 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Koeck, R. AU - Mrkvicka, A. AU - Weidinger, H CY - Wien PB - MA 49 PY - 2001 ST - Bericht zur Forstlichen Standortskartierung im Revier Weichselboden, Forstverwaltung Wildalpen der Quellenschutzwälder der Stadt Wien TI - Bericht zur Forstlichen Standortskartierung im Revier Weichselboden, Forstverwaltung Wildalpen der Quellenschutzwälder der Stadt Wien ID - 1677 ER - TY - CONF AU - Koeck, R. AU - Weidinger, H. AU - Fleck, W. AU - Mrkvicka, A. AU - Holzner, W. CY - Innsbruck, Austria PY - 2002 ST - Spatial distribution and characteristics of natural larch forest communities in the Northeastern Calcareous Alps of Austria T2 - Ecological and economical benefits of mountain forests TI - Spatial distribution and characteristics of natural larch forest communities in the Northeastern Calcareous Alps of Austria ID - 1678 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A simple minimization problem yielding the ordinary sample quantiles in the location model is shown to generalize naturally to the linear model generating a new class of statistics we term "regression quantiles." The estimator which minimizes the sum of absolute residuals is an important special case. Some equivariance properties and the joint asymptotic distribution of regression quantiles are established. These results permit a natural generalization of the linear model of certain well-known robust estimators of location. Estimators are suggested, which have comparable efficiency to least squares for Gaussian linear models while substantially out-performing the least-squares estimator over a wide class of non-Gaussian error distributions. AU - Koenker, R. PY - 1978 SP - 33-50 ST - Regression quantiles T2 - Econometrica TI - Regression quantiles VL - 46 ID - 1679 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Koerber, K. AU - J., Kretschmer. AU - Schlatzer, M. IS - 5 PY - 2007 SP - 130-137 ST - Ernährung und Klimaschutz – Wichtige Ansatzpunkte für verantwortungsbewusstes Handeln T2 - Ernährung im Fokus TI - Ernährung und Klimaschutz – Wichtige Ansatzpunkte für verantwortungsbewusstes Handeln VL - 7 ID - 1680 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kogan, F. N. LB - kogan1995 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1995 SP - 655-668 ST - Droughts of the late 1980s in the United States as derived from NOAA polar-orbiting satellite data T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. TI - Droughts of the late 1980s in the United States as derived from NOAA polar-orbiting satellite data VL - 76 ID - 1681 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kogoj, E. LB - kogo97 PY - 1997 SP - 183-214 ST - Populationsdynamik von Amphibien an einem Sekundärgewässer der Wiener Donauinsel (Österreich): Ein Vergleich von zwölf Taxa und neun Untersuchungsjahren (1986-1987, 1989 - 1995) T2 - Stapfia TI - Populationsdynamik von Amphibien an einem Sekundärgewässer der Wiener Donauinsel (Österreich): Ein Vergleich von zwölf Taxa und neun Untersuchungsjahren (1986-1987, 1989 - 1995) VL - 51 ID - 1682 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KÖHLER, F. PY - 2000 UR - http://www.koehleroptera.de ID - 1683 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KÖHLER, F. PY - 2003 ST - Helicoverpa und die Gentechnik TI - Helicoverpa und die Gentechnik UR - http://www.fotocommunity.de/pc/pc/mypics/28067/display/781213 ID - 1684 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Köhler, K. AU - Stechele, M. AU - Hetzel, U. AU - Domingo, M. AU - Schönian, G. AU - Zahner, H. AU - Burkhardt, E. PY - 2002 SP - 9-17 ST - Cutaneous leishmaniosis in a horse in southern Germany caused by Leishmania infantum T2 - Veterinary Parasitology TI - Cutaneous leishmaniosis in a horse in southern Germany caused by Leishmania infantum VL - 109 ID - 1685 ER - TY - JOUR AB - • Ectomycorrhizas may interact with saprotrophic microorganisms to influence decomposition. These interactions are poorly understood. • We buried mesh envelopes filled with either litter or F-layer material in the forest floor of a Pinus resinosa plantation. After 16 months we characterized decomposition, C : N ratio, water content, and the density of four ectomycorrhiza morphotypes. • For both substrates there were negative correlations between ectomycorrhiza density and decomposition, and between ectomycorrhiza density and water content. The relative proportion of morphotypes was significantly different in litter and F-layer material buried at the same depth in the forest floor. • We conclude that the negative effect of ectomycorrhizas on decomposition could be mediated by extraction of water, particularly in relatively dry years. The 'Gadgil effect' may be explained by this phenomenon. In wetter years, water extraction may be less consequential. Also, variation in substrate quality may influence the structure of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities. AD - Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States Koide, R.T. Department of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States email: rkoide@psu.edu AU - Koide, R. T. AU - Wu, T. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00732.x IS - 2 J2 - New Phytol. 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(2002) Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34, pp. 277-284 PY - 2003 SN - 0028646X SP - 401-407 ST - Ectomycorrhizas and retarded decomposition in a Pinus resinosa plantation T2 - New Phytologist TI - Ectomycorrhizas and retarded decomposition in a Pinus resinosa plantation UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0038066720&partnerID=40&md5=4eacc2a2a3622a9a3332e099de9c5716 VL - 158 ID - 3437 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Koland, O. and K. Steininger CY - Graz LA - English N1 - Final Report to the Science Fund of the Austrian National Bank, Project No. 11502 PY - 2006 RP - Final Report to the Science Fund of the Austrian National Bank, Project No. 11502 SN - WegCenter Report 13-2006, ISBN 3-9502308-0-7 ST - Spatial Dynamic Development and Environmental Sustainabil-ity TI - Spatial Dynamic Development and Environmental Sustainabil-ity ID - 1686 ER - TY - CONF A2 - ZIKELI S., CLAUPEIN W., DABBERT S., KAUFMANN B., MÜLLER T., VALLE ZÁRATE A. (Hrsg.) 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PY - 2007 SP - 866-867 ST - Herausforderung für die Forstgenetik und Forstpflanzenzüchtung T2 - AFZ - Der Wald TI - Herausforderung für die Forstgenetik und Forstpflanzenzüchtung VL - 16 ID - 1697 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Konnert, M AU - Hussendörfer, E AU - Müller-Starck, G PY - 2003 SP - 864 - 866 ST - Genetische Variation und Differenzierung bei Weißtanne und Lärche T2 - AFZ-Der Wald TI - Genetische Variation und Differenzierung bei Weißtanne und Lärche VL - 17 ID - 1698 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Konversationslexikon, MEYERS UR - http://susi.e-technik.uni-ulm.de:8080/Meyers2/seite/werk/meyers/band/7/seite/0271/meyers_b7_s0271.html ID - 1699 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Acid atmospheric emissions within Europe and North America have decreased strongly since 1985 and most recent acidification studies have focused on the changes occurring within ecosystems as a result of this decreased deposition. This current study documents a soil acidification trend under ambient N deposition conditions over a 13. year period, suggesting that acidification continues to be a process of concern at this Calluna vulgaris dominated heathland with an acidic sandy soil. The annual manipulation of climatic conditions on this heathland simulated the predicted summer rainfall reduction (drought) and resulted in a long term retardation of the soil acidification trend. The pH of the soil solution significantly decreased over the course of the trial for both treatments, however, in the final 2. years the decline continued only in the Control treatment. This retardation is primarily associated with the reduction in rainfall leading to lower drainage rates, reduced loss of cations and therefore reduced lowering of the soil acid neutralizing capacity (ANC). However, a change in the underlying mechanisms also indicated that N transformations became less important in the Drought treatment. This change corresponded to an increase in groundcover of an air-pollution tolerant moss species and it is hypothesized that this increasing moss cover filtered an increasing quantity of deposited N, thus reducing the N available for transformation. A soil acidification lag time is expected to increase between the two treatments due to the cumulative disparity in cation retention and rates of proton formation. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study in which such acidification trends have been demonstrated in a field-scale climate manipulation experiment. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. AD - Earth Surface Science, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands Tietema, A. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands email: A.Tietema@uva.nl AU - Kopittke, G. R. AU - Tietema, A. AU - Verstraten, J. M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.044 J2 - Sci. Total Environ. KW - Heathland Long-term climate manipulation N deposition Soil acidification Acid neutralizing capacity Acidic sandy soils Ambient conditions Atmospheric emission Calluna Cation retention Climate manipulation Climatic conditions Drainage rate Drought treatment Field scale Groundcover Heathlands Lag-time Moss species N transformation Reduced loss Soil acidifications Soil solutions Summer rainfall Underlying mechanism Vulgaris Acidification Drought Positive ions Rain Soil moisture Experiments nitrogen rain acid neutralization acidification atmospheric deposition climate conditions drought pH soil article biotransformation calluna vulgaris climate heathland land drainage land use moss nitrogen deposition nonhuman priority journal sandy soil simulation soil acidification soil acidity summer Acid Rain Climate Change Droughts Environmental Monitoring Forecasting Models, Theoretical Netherlands Soil Europe North America Bryophyta Calluna vulgaris LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):2 CODEN: STEVA PubMed ID: 23103759 Chemicals/CAS: nitrogen, 7727-37-9; Acid Rain; Soil References: Alewell, C., Predicting reversibility of acidification: the European sulfur story (2001) Water Air Soil Pollut, 130, pp. 1271-1276; Alewell, C., Manderscheid, B., Meesenburg, H., Bittersohl, J., Is acidification still an ecological threat? 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Verstraten, J., Dopheide, J., Duysings, J., Tietema, A., Bouten, W., The proton cycle of a deciduous forest ecosystem in the Netherlands and its implications for soil acidification (1990) Plant Soil, 127, pp. 61-69; Wessel, W.W., Tietema, A., Beier, C., Emmett, B.A., Peñuelas, J., Riis-Nielsen, T., A qualitative ecosystem assessment for different shrublands in western Europe under impact of climate change (2004) Ecosystems, 7, pp. 662-671; Weyhenmeyer, G.A., Jeppesen, E., Nitrogen deposition induced changes in DOC:NO3-N ratios determine the efficiency of nitrate removal from freshwaters (2010) Glob Chang Biol, 16, pp. 2358-2365; Wood, W.W., Use and misuse of the chloride-mass balance method in estimating ground water recharge (1999) Ground Water, 37, pp. 2-3; Xiang, S., Doyle, A., Holden, P.A., Schimel, J.P., Drying and rewetting effects on C and N mineralization and microbial activity in surface and subsurface California grassland soils (2008) Soil Biol Biochem, 40, pp. 2281-2289 PY - 2012 SN - 00489697 SP - 332-342 ST - Soil acidification occurs under ambient conditions but is retarded by repeated drought: Results of a field-scale climate manipulation experiment T2 - Science of the Total Environment TI - Soil acidification occurs under ambient conditions but is retarded by repeated drought: Results of a field-scale climate manipulation experiment UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84867760517&partnerID=40&md5=8bc6ea4ae1333b969096ef237259fcd1 VL - 439 ID - 3398 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - WHO AB - High air temperatures can affect human health and lead to additional deaths even under current climatic conditions.Heatwaves occur infrequently in Europe and can significantly affect human health, as witnessed in summer 2003.This report reviews current knowledge about the effects of heat-waves, including the physiological aspects of heat illness and epidemiological studies on excess mortality, and makes recommendations for preventive action.Measures for reducing heatrelated mortality and morbidity include heat health warning systems and appropriate urban planning and housing design. More heat health warnings systems need to be implemented in European countries. This requires good coordination between health and meteorological agencies and the development of appropriate targeted advice and intervention measures. More long-term planning is required to alter urban bioclimates and reduce urban heat islands in summer. Appropriate building design should keep indoor temperatures comfortable without using energy-intensive space cooling. As heat-waves are likely to increase in frequency because of global climate change, the most effective interventions, measures and policies to protect the health of vulnerable Europeans need to be developed and evaluated. AU - Koppe, Ch. AU - Kovats, S. AU - Jendritzky, G. AU - Menne, B. KW - CLIMATE GREENHOUSE EFFECTS HEAT STROKE - prevention and control RISK ASSESSMENT RISK MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING CITY PLANNING PY - 2004 ST - Heat-waves: risks and responses T2 - Health and Global Environmental Change TI - Heat-waves: risks and responses VL - 2 ID - 1700 ER - TY - THES AB - Über seinen Wärmehaushalt ist der Mensch eng mit der atmosphärischen Umwelt verknüpft. Daher kann thermische Belastung mit negativen Auswirkungen auf die menschliche Gesundheit verbunden sein. Zahlreiche umweltepidemiologische Untersuchungen haben dieses Thema bisher aufgegriffen, um eine Beziehung zwischen thermischer Umwelt und thermisch bedingter Mortalität herzustellen. In keiner dieser Studien wird die thermische Umwelt jedoch konsequent gesundheitsrelevant bewertet. Dazu gehört neben der Verwendung eines thermophysiologisch relevanten Bewertungsverfahrens, welches alle Mechanismen des Wärmeaustauschs des Menschen mit seiner Umgebung berücksichtigt, auch die Einbeziehung der kurzfristigen verhaltensgesteuerten und physiologischen Anpassung des Menschen an die lokalen Witterungsverhältnisse der letzten Wochen. Durch die physiologische Anpassung (kurzfristige Akklimatisation) ändert sich die Reaktion des menschlichen Körpers auf die thermische Umwelt, weil diese durch eine Effizienzsteigerung des Thermoregulationssystems die effektiv auf ein Individuum wirkende thermische Belastung reduziert. Daneben vermindert die verhaltensgesteuerte kurzfristige Anpassung über die Änderung der getragenen Bekleidung den auf ein Individuum einwirkenden thermischen Stress. In einem Großteil der bisher durchgeführten biometeorologischen und umweltepidemiologischen Studien machte sich die Tatsache, dass sich die Menschen an die lokalen Witterungsverhältnisse der letzten Wochen anpassen, in von der Region und der Jahreszeit abhängigen unterschiedlich hohen Schwellenwerten der thermischen Bewertungsfunktion für das Mortalitätsminimum bemerkbar. Dabei wurden nur wenige Versuche unternommen, das Bewertungsverfahren unabhängig von Region und Jahreszeit zu machen. Die Anpassungen bezogen sich alle auf die mittleren klimatischen Verhältnisse einer Region und nicht auf die für die kurzfristige Anpassung entscheidenden aktuellen Witterungsbedingungen der vorangegangenen Tage bis Wochen. Da die kurzfristige Anpassung bei der Bewertung der thermischen Situation bisher unberücksichtigt geblieben ist, wurde im Rahmen dieser Arbeit eine Methode zur Berechnung von variablen Schwellenwerten für einzelne thermische Belastungsklassen entwickelt. Die neue Methode HeRATE (Health Related Assessment of the Thermal Environment) kombiniert ein physiologisch relevantes Bewertungsverfahren für die thermische Umwelt mit einem konzeptionellen Modell für die kurzfristige Anpassung (bestehend aus kurzfristiger Akklimatisation und verhaltensgesteuerter Anpassung) an die lokale Witterung der letzten vier Wochen. Ziel dieser Vorgehensweise ist es, einen konstanten Schwellenwert mittels eines variablen Anteils zu modifizieren. Das Einbeziehen der kurzfristigen Anpassung hat den Vorteil, dass das Verfahren ohne weitere Veränderungen auf Daten aus unterschiedlichen klimatischen Regionen und zu unterschiedlichen Jahreszeiten angewendet werden kann. Durch die Berücksichtigung des konstanten Anteils hingegen werden nur Situationen berücksichtigt, die gewisse "Mindestanforderungen" für die thermische Belastung erfüllen, was physiologisch begründet ist. Neben der Entwicklung einer Methode zur gesundheitsrelevanten Bewertung der thermischen Umwelt war es notwendig, ein Verfahren zur Abschätzung der thermisch bedingten Mortalität zu entwickeln, welches auch auf nicht-stationäre Mortalitätszeitreihen unterschiedlicher Längen anwendbar und von der Verfügbarkeit zusätzlicher Informationen wie beispielsweise der Populationsgröße unabhängig ist. Es wurde daher ein Verfahren entwickelt, das auf einer Filterung der Mortalitätsdaten mit einem 365 Tage umfassenden Gaußfilter basiert. Die sich durch die große Filterlänge ergebende Problematik einer zu flachen Amplitude des derart ermittelten Jahresganges wurde über eine Multiplikation der gefilterten Zeitreihe mit einem Restaurationsfaktor ausgeglichen. Dabei wurde der Restaurationsfaktor über eine Minimierung der quadratischen Abweichung der Rohdaten der Mortalität von den Werten der Filterfunktion bestimmt. Der so ermittelte Jahresgang der Sterbefallzahlen diente zur Abschätzung des Erwartungswertes der Mortalität. Um Zeitreihen aus unterschiedlichen Regionen miteinander vergleichen zu können, wurde in den weiterführenden Analysen die prozentuale Abweichung der Mortalität vom Erwartungswert betrachtet (relative Mortalität). Signifikante Unterschiede in der Sensitivität der Bevölkerung für die einzelnen thermischen Belastungsklassen in allen untersuchten Gebieten zeigen an, dass mit einer sehr hohen Wahrscheinlichkeit die Umwelt gesundheitsrelevant bewertet wird. Würde keine gesundheitsrelevante Bewertung der thermischen Situation erfolgen, so müssten sich die Abweichungen der Mortalität vom Erwartungswert zufällig über alle Belastungsklassen verteilen. Die Abweichung der Sterbefallzahlen vom Erwartungswert ist um so größer, je stärker der thermische Stress eingestuft wird. Dabei ergibt sich bei der gemeinsamen Betrachtung aller untersuchter Zeitreihen eine Abhängigkeit der Sensitivität der Bevölkerung für eine bestimmte thermische Belastungsstufe von deren Häufigkeit. Da größere Häufigkeiten mit geringeren Sensitivitäten verbunden sind, könnte dieser Zusammenhang ein Hinweis auf langfristige Anpassungsmaßnahmen sein, welche bei der Bewertung der thermischen Umwelt unberücksichtigt bleiben. AU - Koppe, Christina CY - Uni Freiburg KW - Hitzebelastung , Akklimatisation , Thermische Belastung , Klimaänderung , Thermoregulation , Wärmehaushalt , Epidemiologie , Sterblichkeit PB - Freiburg (Breisgau) PY - 2005 ST - Gesundheitsrelevante Bewertung von thermischer Belastung unter Berücksichtigung der kurzfristigen Anpassung der Bevölkerung an die lokalen Witterungsverhältnisse T2 - Fakultät für Forst- und Umweltwissenschaften, meteorologisches Institut TI - Gesundheitsrelevante Bewertung von thermischer Belastung unter Berücksichtigung der kurzfristigen Anpassung der Bevölkerung an die lokalen Witterungsverhältnisse UR - http://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/volltexte/1802/index.html UR - http://www.freidok.uni-freiburg.de/volltexte/1802/pdf/Bewertung_thermischer_Belastung.pdf VL - Doktor ID - 1701 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KÖPPL, H. IS - 9-10 PY - 2003 SP - 16 ST - Neuer Maisschädling in Oberösterreich: Der „Picknick-Käfer“ liebt Mais, Himbeeren u. a. reife Früchte T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Neuer Maisschädling in Oberösterreich: Der „Picknick-Käfer“ liebt Mais, Himbeeren u. a. reife Früchte VL - 56 ID - 1702 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KORDA, M. CY - Wiesbaden KW - Städtebau PB - Teubner Verlag PY - 2005 ST - „Städtebau – technische Grundlagen“ TI - „Städtebau – technische Grundlagen“ VL - 5.Aufl. ID - 1703 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Körner, C. H. PY - 1998 SP - 445-459 ST - A re-assessment of high elevation treeline position and their explanation. Oecologia. T2 - Oecologia TI - A re-assessment of high elevation treeline position and their explanation. VL - 115 ID - 1704 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Körner, C. H. CY - Berlin Heidelberg PB - Springer-Verlag PY - 1999 ST - Alpine plant life. – Functional Plant Ecology of High Mountain Ecosystems. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. TI - Alpine plant life. – Functional Plant Ecology of High Mountain Ecosystems ID - 1705 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KÖRNER, CH. PY - 1998 SP - 115. 445-459. ST - A re-assessment of high elevation treeline position and their explanation. Oecologia. TI - A re-assessment of high elevation treeline position and their explanation. Oecologia ID - 1706 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KÖRNER, CH. PY - 1999 ST - Alpine plant life. – Functional Plant Ecology of High Mountain Ecosystems. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. TI - Alpine plant life. – Functional Plant Ecology of High Mountain Ecosystems. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg ID - 1707 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Körner, Christian CY - Berlin ET - 2 LB - koerner:03 PB - Springer Verlag PY - 2003 ST - Alpine plant life - functional ecology of high mountain ecosystems TI - Alpine plant life - functional ecology of high mountain ecosystems ID - 1708 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Körner, Christian AU - Paulsen, Jens LB - koerner:04b PY - 2004 SP - 713-732 ST - A world-wide study of high altitude treeline temperatures T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - A world-wide study of high altitude treeline temperatures VL - 31 ID - 1709 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Korus I., E., R. Böhm, and W. Schöner, PY - 2005 ST - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck, Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Öster-reich Start Clim 2004, Wien, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik. TI - Analyse von Hitze und Dürreperioden in Österreich; Ausweitung des täglichen StartClim Datensatzes um das Element Dampfdruck, Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Öster-reich Start Clim 2004, Wien, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik ID - 1710 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Korwaki, I PY - 2003 SP - 380 pp. ST - Biologische Invasionen: Neophyten und Neozoen in Mitteleuropa. Ul-mer, Stuttgart. TI - Biologische Invasionen: Neophyten und Neozoen in Mitteleuropa. Ul-mer, Stuttgart ID - 1711 ER - TY - GEN AU - Koschnick, W. J. LB - koschnick2005 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - http://medialine.focus.de/PM1D/PM1DB/PM1DBF/pm1dbf_d.htm?snr=3317 PY - 2005 ST - FOCUS-Lexikon Werbeplanung Mediaplanung Marktforschung Kommunikationsforschung Mediaforschung TI - FOCUS-Lexikon Werbeplanung Mediaplanung Marktforschung Kommunikationsforschung Mediaforschung ID - 1712 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Overwintering success is one of the key aspects affecting the development and outbreaks of the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (L.) populations. This paper brings detailed analysis of cold tolerance, and its influence on overwintering success, in two Central European populations of I. typographus during two cold seasons. Evidence for a supercooling strategy in overwintering adults is provided. The lower lethal temperature corresponds well to the supercooling point that ranges between -20 and -22. °C during winter months. The supercooled state is stabilized by the absence of internal ice nucleators and by seasonal accumulation of a mixture of sugars and polyols up to the sum concentration of 900 mM. The cryoprotective function of accumulated metabolites is probably based on increasing the osmolality and viscosity of supercooled body fluids and decreasing the relative proportion of water molecules available for lethal formation of ice nuclei. No activity of thermal hysteresis factors (stabilizers of supercooled state) was detected in hemolymph. Lethal times for 50% mortality (Lts50) in the supercooled state at -5, -10 or -15. °C are weeks (autumn, spring) or even months (winter), suggesting relatively little mortality caused by chill injury. Lts50 at -15. °C are significantly shorter in moist (6.9 days) than in dry (>42 days) microenvironment because there is higher probability of external ice nucleation and occurrence of lethal freezing in the moist situation. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. AD - Biology Centre, AS CR, Institute of Entomology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Koštál, V. Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic email: kostal@entu.cas.cz AU - Koštál, V. AU - Doležal, P. AU - Rozsypal, J. AU - Moravcová, M. AU - Zahradníčková, H. AU - Šimek, P. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.03.011 IS - 8 J2 - J. Insect Physiol. 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PY - 1996 SP - 2027-2042. ST - Dispersal data and the spread of in-vading organisms. Ecology 77. TI - Dispersal data and the spread of in-vading organisms. Ecology 77 ID - 1714 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kot, M. AU - Lewis, M. A. AU - van den Driessche, P. PY - 1996 SP - 2027-2042 ST - Dispersal data and the spread of invading organisms T2 - Ecology TI - Dispersal data and the spread of invading organisms VL - 77 ID - 1715 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KOUTNY, A. IS - 3 PY - 2004 ST - Maikäfer und Co. gezielt bekämpfen T2 - Bauern Journal TI - Maikäfer und Co. gezielt bekämpfen UR - http://www.uibk.ac.at/bipesco/beratung/seite20_bj.pdf VL - IV ID - 1716 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Koutroulis, A.G., Tsanis, I.K. AU - Daliakopoulos, I.N. IS - 1-2 PY - 2010 SP - 90-100 ST - Seasonality of floods and their hydrometeorologic characteristics in the island of Crete T2 - J. Hydrol. TI - Seasonality of floods and their hydrometeorologic characteristics in the island of Crete VL - 394 ID - 3592 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Menne, B. A2 - Ebi, K.L. AU - Kovats, R.S. AU - Jendritzky, G. PB - Springer PY - 2006 SP - 63-97 ST - Heat- waves and human health T2 - Climate Change and adaptation strategies for human health TI - Heat- waves and human health VL - 449 ID - 1717 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This report may be of interest to those involved in the rapid response to communicable disease threats since much of the capacity and resources for rapid response to public health emergencies in Europe and elsewhere are to be found within the field of communicable disease. In response to the heatwave related mortality in France in summer 2003, it is interesting to note that three fellows from the European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET) and six fellows from the French National training programme in Field Epidemiology (PROFET) were involved in the response to the heatwave in France, particularly in investigations and epidemiological studies carried out in nursing homes (personal communication, Alain Moren, 9 March 2004). The French experience in 2003 shows that heatwaves in the European Region have not previously been considered a serious risk to human health with ‘epidemic’ features. Basic questions such as whether or not a heatwave can be predicted, detected or prevented, and how respond to it, must be addressed (1). In August 2003, Europe lay sweltering under a heatwave. Although the hot weather was initially welcome, a more sinister outcome soon became apparent. As France experienced the highest temperatures for 50 years, more than 14 000 people died than would have be expected for that time of year. Paris experienced the highest nighttime temperatures ever recorded on 11 and 12 August (25.5oC), and death rates more than doubled. The heatwave was unusual in that it affected several countries and persisted for at least 10 days; in fact the whole summer (June, July, August) was much hotter than usual (2). This paper summarises the preliminary findings officially reported from several countries of the effects of this heatwave on total mortality (Table). The estimates compare observed deaths in a defined period with those expected during the same period in previous years. Estimates are sensitive to the method used to calculate the ’expected’ mortality. Further, countries experienced differing exposures in terms of magnitude, duration and levels of weather variables, such as humidity, which makes direct comparison of impacts between countries difficult. Due to inherent delays in the death registration systems, it will be at least a year before the total burden of the heatwave can be formally estimated from complete mortality datasets. AU - Kovats, R.S. AU - Wolf, T. AU - Menne, B. IS - 11 PY - 2004 SP - 2409 ST - Heatwave of August 2003 in Europe: provisional estimates of the impact on mortality T2 - Eurosurveillance TI - Heatwave of August 2003 in Europe: provisional estimates of the impact on mortality UR - http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=2409 VL - 8 ID - 1718 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kovats, R. AU - Johnson, H. AU - Griffiths, C. PY - 2006 ST - Mortality in southern England during the 2003 heat wave by place of death T2 - Health Statistics Quarterly TI - Mortality in southern England during the 2003 heat wave by place of death VL - 29 ID - 1719 ER - TY - BOOK AU - I., Kowarik CY - Stuttgart PB - Ulmer PY - 2003 SP - 380 ST - Biologische Invasionen: Neophyten und Neozoen in Mitteleuropa. Ul-mer, Stuttgart. TI - Biologische Invasionen: Neophyten und Neozoen in Mitteleuropa ID - 1720 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kowarik, I. LB - kowa0 SP - 380 ST - Human agency in biological invasions: secondary releases foster naturalisation and population expansion of alien plant species T2 - Biological Invasions TI - Human agency in biological invasions: secondary releases foster naturalisation and population expansion of alien plant species ID - 1721 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kowarik, I. LB - kowa95 PY - 1995 SP - 15-38 ST - Time lags in biological invasions with regard to the success and failure of alien species T2 - Pysek, P., Prach, K., Rejmánek, M. and Wade, M. (eds) Plant Invasions - General aspects and special problems. Spitzerberg b. Prellenkirchen Acad. Publ., Amsterdam TI - Time lags in biological invasions with regard to the success and failure of alien species ID - 1722 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kowarik, I. LB - kowa01 PY - 2001 SP - 80-88 ST - Biological invasions as result and vector of global change T2 - Contributions to Global Change Research. A report by the German National Commitee on Global Change Research TI - Biological invasions as result and vector of global change ID - 1723 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kowarik, I. LB - kowa03 PY - 2003 SP - 380 ST - Biologische Invasionen T2 - Neophyten und Neozoen in Mitteleuropa. Ulmer, Stuttgart TI - Biologische Invasionen ID - 1724 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kozel, R., and M. Schürch PY - 2005 ST - Grundwasser auf dem Prüfstand: Forum zum Hitzesommer 2003., 2005, Grundwasser auf dem Prüfstand: Forum zum Hitzesommer 2003. TI - Grundwasser auf dem Prüfstand: Forum zum Hitzesommer 2003., 2005, Grundwasser auf dem Prüfstand: Forum zum Hitzesommer 2003 ID - 1725 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kozel, R. AU - M., Schürch PY - 2005 ST - Grundwasser auf dem Prüfstand: Forum zum Hitzesommer 2003., 2005, Grundwasser auf dem Prüfstand: Forum zum Hitzesommer 2003. TI - Grundwasser auf dem Prüfstand: Forum zum Hitzesommer 2003., 2005, Grundwasser auf dem Prüfstand: Forum zum Hitzesommer 2003 ID - 1726 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kozlov, M. V. AU - Berlina, N. B. LB - kozl02 PY - 2002 SP - 398 ST - Decline in Length of the Summer Season on the Kola Peninsula, Russia T2 - Clim. Change TI - Decline in Length of the Summer Season on the Kola Peninsula, Russia VL - 54 ID - 1727 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 027433765 AU - Kozlowski, Theodore Thomas AU - Kramer, Paul Jackson AU - Pallardy, Stephen G. CY - San Diego u.a. DB - GVK - Gemeinsamer Verbundkatalog DP - Gemeinsamer Bibliotheksverbund (GBV) / Verbundzentrale des GBV (VZG) KW - Woody plants / Trees Forests Autökologie / Gehölze LA - eng N1 - Includes bibliographical references (p. 521-611) and indexes SUB Bremen <46> SUB+Uni Hamburg <18> UB Kiel <8> THULB Jena <27> UB Ilmenau SUB+Uni Göttingen <7> HAWK HHG UB Rostock <28> TIB/UB Hannover <89> HS Osnabrueck <959> PB - Academic Pr. PY - 1991 SN - 0-12-424160-3 SP - XIX, 657 S ST - The physiological ecology of woody plants T2 - Physiological ecology TI - The physiological ecology of woody plants UR - http://www.loc.gov/catdir/description/els032/90000795.html UR - http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/els031/90000795.html UR - http://www.gbv.de/dms/bowker/toc/9780124241602.pdf UR - http://gso.gbv.de/DB=2.1/PPNSET?PPN=027433765 ID - 1728 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kral, F. PY - 1967 SP - 145 - 154 ST - Untersuchungen zur Physiologie und Ökologie des Wasserhaushaltes von Lärchenrassen T2 - Ber. dtsch. bot. Ges. TI - Untersuchungen zur Physiologie und Ökologie des Wasserhaushaltes von Lärchenrassen VL - 80 ID - 1729 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kramer, K. LB - kram94 PY - 1994 SP - 367-377 ST - A modelling analysis of the effects of climatic warming on the probability of spring frost damage to tree species in The Netherlands and Germany T2 - Plant, Cell and Environment TI - A modelling analysis of the effects of climatic warming on the probability of spring frost damage to tree species in The Netherlands and Germany VL - 17 ID - 1730 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kramer, K. LB - kram95 PY - 1995 SP - 119-130 ST - Modelling comparison to evaluate the importance of phenology for the effects of climate change on growth of temperature-zone deciduous trees T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Modelling comparison to evaluate the importance of phenology for the effects of climate change on growth of temperature-zone deciduous trees VL - 5 ID - 1731 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Few studies have examined the influence of natural disturbances, such as windthrow, on soil organic matter formation, stabilization, and loss in soils. In shallow (<1 m) mountain forest soils, windthrow activity may result in the redistribution and mixing of mineral and organic soil horizons down to bedrock. We studied the patterns of soil carbon, the dominant constituent of soil organic matter, in watersheds along a windthrow disturbance sequence in a mountainous temperate rain forest in southeast Alaska. Our objectives were (1) to evaluate the influence of windthrow and illuviation on the accumulation of soil organic carbon in mineral horizons and (2) to compare the forms of soil organic matter that have accumulated. Soils were described, and the thickness of the major organic and mineral horizons was measured, every 5 m along transects in three watersheds with contrasting windthrow histories. A subset of the soil description sites was randomly selected and then sampled to determine the quantity and quality of soil carbon. Mineral soil samples were physically fractionated based on particle density. Total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), natural 15N and 13C abundance, micromorphologic analysis (using scanning electron microscopy), and solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to compare soil organic matter pools in the three watersheds. The Bh horizon heavy-fraction (>1.65 g/cm3) C pools decreased from 25 Mg/ha in the least disturbed watershed to 3 Mg/ ha in the most disturbed watershed; whereas light-fraction C pools were similar (4-6 Mg/ ha) across all watersheds. Soil C stocks decreased from 216 Mg/ha in the least disturbed watershed to 157 Mg/ha in the most disturbed watersheds. Evidence was found that mobile organic carbon transported in soil water accumulated in mineral horizons principally through sorption to mineral particles. Strong association with mineral particles was greater in the thicker, presumably older, illuvial horizons. We found light amorphous material in some of these thicker illuvial horizons, suggesting that mobile organic carbon may have been immobilized through flocculation of metal-bearing organic acids. Watersheds that experienced more intense soil mixing from windthrow had lower levels of strongly humified soil organic matter, and more in a partially decomposed particulate form. AD - Ecosystem Sci. and Technology Branch, Earth Science Division, NASA AMES, Moffett Field, CA 94035, United States Department of Forest Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States Quaternary Res. Ctr./Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1310, United States Kramer, M.G. 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IS - 1 PY - 2004 SP - 47-56 ST - Organic farming's ability to nourish the Austrian people: an empirical study in the region Mostviertel-Eisenwurzen (A) T2 - Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems TI - Organic farming's ability to nourish the Austrian people: an empirical study in the region Mostviertel-Eisenwurzen (A) VL - 19 ID - 1733 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KREBS, C.J. CY - New York PB - Harper & Row, Publishers PY - 1989 ST - Ecological Methodology TI - Ecological Methodology ID - 1734 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Krec, Klaus PY - 2009 SP - 73-74 ST - Das Labeling für passive Sommertauglichkeit T2 - Perspektiven, H. TI - Das Labeling für passive Sommertauglichkeit VL - 1-2 ID - 1735 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Krec, Klaus PY - 2009 SP - 65–66 ST - Klimadatengenerator T2 - Perspektiven, H. TI - Klimadatengenerator VL - 1-2 ID - 1736 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Krehan, H. CY - Wien LB - kreh03 N1 - http://bfw.ac.at/400/2123.html PB - Bundesamt und Forschungszentrum für Wald, Wien PY - 2003 RP - http://bfw.ac.at/400/2123.html ST - Eichenprozessionsspinner - Thaumetopoea processionea TI - Eichenprozessionsspinner - Thaumetopoea processionea ID - 1737 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Krehan, H. AU - Steyrer, G. PY - 2006 SP - 15 - 17 ST - Klimaänderung - Schadorganismen bedrohen unsere Wälder T2 - BFW - Praxisinformation TI - Klimaänderung - Schadorganismen bedrohen unsere Wälder VL - 10 ID - 1738 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KREJCIK, S. PY - 2006 ST - Stanislav Krejcik - Exchange list and gallery of beetles TI - Stanislav Krejcik - Exchange list and gallery of beetles UR - http://www.meloidae.com/exchange/ ID - 1739 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kreps, D. LB - kreps1990 PB - Princton University Press PY - 1990 ST - A Course in Microeconomic Theory TI - A Course in Microeconomic Theory ID - 1740 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Buhmann AU - Kretzler, E. CY - Heidelberg J2 - Computer Visualization of Environmental Impacts. N1 - (Hrsg.) PY - 2002 SP - 58-68 ST - Computer Visualization of Environmental Impacts T2 - Trends in GIS and Virtualization in Environmental Planning and design TI - Computer Visualization of Environmental Impacts ID - 1741 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kromb-Kolb, H., Formayer, H., PY - 2005 ST - Schwarzbuch Klimawandel, Ecowin Verlag, Salzburg. TI - Schwarzbuch Klimawandel, Ecowin Verlag, Salzburg ID - 1742 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kromb-Kolb, H. AU - Eitzinger, J. AU - Kubu, G. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Haas, P. AU - Gerersdorfer, T. CY - Vienna J2 - Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt des Neusiedler Sees. PY - 2005 ST - Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt des Neusiedler Sees TI - Auswirkungen einer Klimaänderung auf den Wasserhaushalt des Neusiedler Sees ID - 1743 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Kromb-Kolb, H. AU - H., Formayer CY - Salzburg PB - Ecowin Verlag PY - 2005 ST - Schwarzbuch Klimawandel, Ecowin Verlag, Salzburg. TI - Schwarzbuch Klimawandel ID - 1744 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KROMP, B. CY - Wien PY - 1993 ST - Wiener Windschutzhecken: ein Beitrag zum Naturschutz und zur Landschaftspflege TI - Wiener Windschutzhecken: ein Beitrag zum Naturschutz und zur Landschaftspflege ID - 1745 ER - TY - RPRT AU - KROMP, B. AU - BRUNNER, N. AU - BADAWI, A. AU - BONELL, M. AU - HANN, P. AU - TRSKA, C. AU - ABLEIDINGER, CH. AU - DIETHART, M. AU - LANDL, M. AU - GLAUNINGER, J. AU - SCHALLHART, N. AU - STAUDACHER, K. AU - TRAUGOTT, M. CY - Wien PB - BMLFUW/BBK PY - 2008 ST - Neue Wege in der Regulation von Drahtwürmern unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des biologischen Landbaus T2 - 2. Zwischenbericht 2008 TI - Neue Wege in der Regulation von Drahtwürmern unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des biologischen Landbaus ID - 1746 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KROMP, B. AU - PFLÜGL, Ch. AU - HRADETZKY, R. AU - IDINGER, J. PY - 1995 SP - 87-100 ST - Estimating beneficial arthropod densities using emergence traps, pitfall traps and the flooding method in organic fields (Vienna, Austria). T2 - Acta Jutlandica TI - Estimating beneficial arthropod densities using emergence traps, pitfall traps and the flooding method in organic fields (Vienna, Austria). VL - 70 ID - 1747 ER - TY - GEN AU - Kromp, Bernhard LB - krom03 PY - 2003 ID - 1748 ER - TY - GEN AU - H., Kromp-Kolb AU - H., Formayer AU - Eitzinger H., et. al PB - Amtes der NÖ Landesregierung, St. Pölten PY - 2007 ST - Potentielle Auswirkungen und Anpassungsmaßnahmen der Landwirtschaft an den Klimawandel in Nordosten Österreichs (Weinviertel-Marchfeld Region) TI - Potentielle Auswirkungen und Anpassungsmaßnahmen der Landwirtschaft an den Klimawandel in Nordosten Österreichs (Weinviertel-Marchfeld Region) ID - 1749 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. LB - krom01 PY - 2001 SP - 3-10 ST - Was wir über den Klimawandel wissen T2 - WissenschaftandUmwelt TI - Was wir über den Klimawandel wissen VL - 20 ID - 1750 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. PY - 2005 ST - U.-P. D. H., Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkun-gen in Österreich. Endbericht, Wien, Institut für Meteorologie, Department für Was-ser-Atmosphäre-Umwelt, Universität für Bodenkultur. TI - U.-P. D. H., Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkun-gen in Österreich. Endbericht, Wien, Institut für Meteorologie, Department für Was-ser-Atmosphäre-Umwelt, Universität für Bodenkultur ID - 1751 ER - TY - GEN AU - KROMP-KOLB, H. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2010 ST - Kaya-Identität. T2 - Unterlagen zur LV Luftreinhaltung und Klimaschutz. Zentrum für Globalen Wandel und Nachhaltigkeit TI - Kaya-Identität. ID - 3529 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. und H. Formayer PY - 2005 ST - Schwarzbuch Klimawandel. Wie viel Zeit bleibt uns noch? ecowin Verlag der TopAkademie GmbH, Salzburg. TI - Schwarzbuch Klimawandel. Wie viel Zeit bleibt uns noch? ecowin Verlag der TopAkademie GmbH, Salzburg ID - 1752 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2004 ST - StartClim: Erste Analysen extremer Wetterereignisse und ihrer Auswirkungen in Österreich TI - StartClim: Erste Analysen extremer Wetterereignisse und ihrer Auswirkungen in Österreich ID - 1753 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2005 ST - StartClim2004: Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Österreich TI - StartClim2004: Analysen von Hitze und Trockenheit und deren Auswirkungen in Österreich ID - 1754 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2006 ST - StartClim2005: Klimawandel und Gesundheit TI - StartClim2005: Klimawandel und Gesundheit ID - 1755 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2007 ST - StartClim2006: Klimawandel und Gesundheit, Tourismus, Energie TI - StartClim2006: Klimawandel und Gesundheit, Tourismus, Energie ID - 1756 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2008 ST - StartClim2007: Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Österreich: Fallbeispiele TI - StartClim2007: Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Österreich: Fallbeispiele ID - 1757 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2009 ST - StartClim2008: Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich TI - StartClim2008: Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich ID - 1758 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2010 ST - StartClim2009: Anpassung an den Klimawandel: Beiträge zur Erstellung einer Anpassungsstrategie für Österreich TI - StartClim2009: Anpassung an den Klimawandel: Beiträge zur Erstellung einer Anpassungsstrategie für Österreich ID - 1759 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Oberösterreich“, Endbericht Band Forschungsreihe „Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf AU - Kromp-Kolb, H., Formayer, H., Haas, P., Hofstätter, M. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2007 ST - Beobachtete Veränderung der Hitzeperioden in Oberösterreich und Abschätzung der möglichen zukünftigen Entwicklungen TI - Beobachtete Veränderung der Hitzeperioden in Oberösterreich und Abschätzung der möglichen zukünftigen Entwicklungen ID - 1760 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KROMP-KOLB, H., GERERSDORFER, T., ASPÖCK, H., BAIER, P., SCHOPF, A., GEPP, J., GRAF, W., MOOG, O., KROMP, B., KYEK, M., PINTAR, M., FORMAYER, H., PARZ-GOLLNER, R., RABITSCH, W., SCHEIFINGER, H., SCHMUTZ, S., JUNGWIRTH, M., VOGL, W.,WINKLER, H. PY - 2003 ST - Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen auf die Tierwelt – derzeitiger Wissens-stand, fokussiert auf den Alpenraum und Österreich. Endbericht, im Auftrag des BMLFUW; ISBN: 978-3-900962-63-0. TI - Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen auf die Tierwelt – derzeitiger Wissens-stand, fokussiert auf den Alpenraum und Österreich. Endbericht, im Auftrag des BMLFUW; ISBN: 978-3-900962-63-0 ID - 1761 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Gesundheit, Endbericht von StartClim C. a A2 - in StartClim : Klimawandel, und AU - Kromp-Kolb, H., Grünbacher, E., Hann, P. und Formayer, H. PY - 2007 ST - Einflüsse des Klimawandels auf landwirtschaftliche Schädlinge und Nützlinge im Biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs TI - Einflüsse des Klimawandels auf landwirtschaftliche Schädlinge und Nützlinge im Biologischen Landbau Ostösterreichs ID - 1762 ER - TY - GEN AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Formayer, H. LB - krom01b PY - 2001 ST - Klimaänderung und mögliche Auswirkungen auf den Wintertourismus in Salzburg TI - Klimaänderung und mögliche Auswirkungen auf den Wintertourismus in Salzburg ID - 1763 ER - TY - RPRT AU - KROMP-KOLB, H. AU - FORMAYER, H. AU - CLEMENTSCHITSCH, L. CY - Wien PB - Inst. Für Meteorologie und Physik, Univ. für Bodenkultur PY - 2007 ST - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Wien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Klimaszenarien TI - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Wien unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Klimaszenarien ID - 1764 ER - TY - RPRT AB - ISSN 1994-4179 ISSN 1994-4187 AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Haas, P. AU - Hofstätter, M. AU - Schwarzl, I. PY - 2009 ST - Beobachtete Veränderung der Hitzeperioden in Oberösterreich und Abschätzung der möglichen zukünftigen Entwicklungen T2 - Endbericht Band 1 der Forschungsreihe „Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Oberösterreich“, Februar 2007 TI - Beobachtete Veränderung der Hitzeperioden in Oberösterreich und Abschätzung der möglichen zukünftigen Entwicklungen UR - http://www.boku.ac.at/met/report/BOKU Met_Report_12_online.pdf VL - BOKU-Met Report 12 ID - 1765 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Gerersdorfer, T. AU - Aspöck, H. AU - Baier, P. AU - Schopf, A. AU - Gepp, J. AU - Graf, W. AU - Moog, O. AU - Kromp, B. AU - Kyek, M. AU - Pintar, M. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Parz-Gollner, R. AU - Rabitsch, W. AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Schmutz, S. AU - Jungwirth, M. AU - Vogl, W. AU - Winkler, H. LB - ISBN: 978-3-900962-63-0 PY - 2003 ST - Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen auf die Tierwelt – derzeitiger Wissens-stand, fokussiert auf den Alpenraum und Österreich. Endbericht, im Auftrag des BMLFUW; ISBN: 978-3-900962-63-0. TI - Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen auf die Tierwelt – derzeitiger Wissens-stand, fokussiert auf den Alpenraum und Österreich. Endbericht, im Auftrag des BMLFUW ID - 1766 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kromp-Kolb, Helga AU - Jaros, Marion PY - 2009 SP - 70-72 ST - Klimawandelszenarien für Österreich und potenzielle Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf den Energieverbrauch von Gebäuden T2 - Perspektiven, H. TI - Klimawandelszenarien für Österreich und potenzielle Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf den Energieverbrauch von Gebäuden VL - 1-2 ID - 1767 ER - TY - GEN AB - The Institute of Meteorology is a partner of the k-wiss research project Reclip:more which investigates the reliability of nested regional climate models in Austria. The main focus of the institute's work is the definition and the evaluation of sensitivity tests and the model results AU - Kromp-Kolb, Helga AU - Seibert, Petra AU - Formayer, HerbertFrank, Andreas AU - Haas, Patrick AU - Krüger, Bernd KW - climatology meteorology dynamisches Downscaling Modellevaluierung Regionale Klimaänderunsszenarien PY - 2007 ST - Reclip:more (2007): research for climate protection – model run evaluation TI - Reclip:more (2007): research for climate protection – model run evaluation UR - http://systemsresearch.arcs.ac.at/climate/ ID - 1768 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kröncke, I. AU - Dippner, J. W. AU - Heyen, H. AU - Zeiss, B. LB - kroe1998a PY - 1998 SP - 25--36 ST - Long-term changes in macrofauna communities of Norderney (East Frisia, Germany) in relation to climate variability. T2 - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. TI - Long-term changes in macrofauna communities of Norderney (East Frisia, Germany) in relation to climate variability VL - 167 ID - 1769 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kröncke, I. AU - Dippner, J. W. AU - Heyen, H. AU - Zeiss, B. LB - kroe98 PY - 1998 SP - 25-36 ST - Long-term changes in macrofauna communities off Norderney (East Frisia, Germany) in relation to climate variability T2 - Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. TI - Long-term changes in macrofauna communities off Norderney (East Frisia, Germany) in relation to climate variability VL - 16 ID - 1770 ER - TY - RPRT AU - KROPP, J. AU - HOLSTEN, A. AU - LISSNER, T. AU - ROITHMEIER, O. AU - HATTERMANN, F. AU - HUANG, S. AU - ROCK, J. AU - WECHSUNG, F. AU - LÜTTGER, A. AU - POMPE, S. AU - KÜHN, I. AU - COSTA, L. AU - STEINHÄUSER, M. AU - WALTHER, C. AU - KLAUS, M. AU - RITCHIE, S. AU - METZGER, M. PY - 2009 ST - Klimawandel in Nordrhein-Westfalen - Regionale Abschätzung der Anfälligkeit ausgewählter Sektoren T2 - Abschlussbericht des Potsdam-Instituts für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK) für das Ministerium für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen (MUNLV). TI - Klimawandel in Nordrhein-Westfalen - Regionale Abschätzung der Anfälligkeit ausgewählter Sektoren ID - 1771 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Krüger, B. C. PB - Magistrat der Stadt Wien, Amt der niederösterreichischen Landesregierung, Amt der burgenländischen Landesregierung PY - 2004 ST - Aktionsplan für Sofortmaßnahmen gemäß § 15 Ozon-Gesetz - Meteorologisch chemische Modellrechnungen - Endbericht TI - Aktionsplan für Sofortmaßnahmen gemäß § 15 Ozon-Gesetz - Meteorologisch chemische Modellrechnungen - Endbericht UR - http://www.magwien.gv.at/ma22/pool/pdf/ozon_sofort_04.pdf ID - 1772 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Universität für Bodenkultur DfWAUIfM, Peter Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Wien AU - B.C., Krüger. AU - Schicker, I. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Moshammer, H. CY - Wien PY - 2007 SP - A 2-48 ST - Feinstaub und Klimawandel – gibt es Zusammenhänge in NordostÖsterreich? T2 - StartClim2006 TI - Feinstaub und Klimawandel – gibt es Zusammenhänge in NordostÖsterreich? ID - 1773 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kruschinsky, A. CY - Wien PB - Österreich-Webung PY - 2007 SP - 29 ST - Klimawandel. Auswirkungen auf den Tourismus T2 - Kurzanalyse 2007 TI - Klimawandel. Auswirkungen auf den Tourismus ID - 1774 ER - TY - WEB AU - KTBL (Kuratorium für Technik und Bauwesen in der Landwirtschaft) CY - Darmstadt PY - 2005 ST - Faustzahlen für die Landwirtschaft TI - Faustzahlen für die Landwirtschaft ID - 1775 ER - TY - WEB AU - KTBL (Kuratorium für Technik und Bauwesen in der Landwirtschaft) PB - Leibniz-Institut für Agrartechnik Potsdam-Bornim PY - 2006 ST - KTBL-Datensammlung - Energiepflanzen: Daten für die Planung des Energiepflanzenanbaus TI - KTBL-Datensammlung - Energiepflanzen: Daten für die Planung des Energiepflanzenanbaus ID - 1776 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kuhn, J. LB - kuhn94 PY - 1994 SP - 87 ST - Lebensgeschichte und Demographie von Erdkrötenweibchen (Bufo bufo bufo L T2 - Zeitschrift für Feldherpetologie, Magdeburg TI - Lebensgeschichte und Demographie von Erdkrötenweibchen (Bufo bufo bufo L VL - 1 ID - 1777 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kuhn, J. AU - Schmidt-Sibeth, J. LB - kuhn98 PY - 1998 SP - 137 ST - Zur Biologie und Populationsökologie des Springfrosches (Rana dalmatina): Langzeitbeobachtung aus Oberbayern T2 - Zeitschrift für Feldherpetologie TI - Zur Biologie und Populationsökologie des Springfrosches (Rana dalmatina): Langzeitbeobachtung aus Oberbayern VL - 5 ID - 1778 ER - TY - JOUR AU - KUHN, M. PY - 1990 SP - 21-32 ST - Energieaustausch Atmosphäre - Schnee und Eis. - Int. Facht. Schnee, Eis u. Wasser der Alpen in einer wärmeren Atmosphäre T2 - Mitteilungen VAW ETH Zürich TI - Energieaustausch Atmosphäre - Schnee und Eis. - Int. Facht. Schnee, Eis u. Wasser der Alpen in einer wärmeren Atmosphäre VL - 108 ID - 1779 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Abermann, J. AU - Olefs, M. AU - Fischer, A. AU - Lambrecht, A. PY - 2009 SP - 31-47 ST - Gletscher im Klimawandel: Aktuelle Monitoringprogramme und Forschungen zur Auswirkung auf den Gebietsabfluss im Ötztal T2 - Mitteilungsblatt des Hydrographischen Dienstes in Österreich TI - Gletscher im Klimawandel: Aktuelle Monitoringprogramme und Forschungen zur Auswirkung auf den Gebietsabfluss im Ötztal VL - 86 ID - 3593 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Kovar, K. A2 - Tappeiner, U. A2 - Peters, N. E. A2 - Craig, R. G. AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Batlogg, N. CY - Wallingford, UK PB - International Assotiation of Hydrological Sciences, Institut for Hydrology PY - 1998 SN - 1-901502-45-7 SP - 79-88 ST - Glacier runoff in alpine headwaters in a changing climate T2 - Hydrology, Water, Resources and Ekology in Headwaters TI - Glacier runoff in alpine headwaters in a changing climate VL - Publication 248 ID - 1780 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Batlogg, N. LB - Kuhn1998 PY - 1998 SP - 79-88 ST - Glacier runoff in Alpine headwaters in a changing climate T2 - Hydrology, Water Resources and Ecology in Headwaters (Proceedings of the HeadWater'98 Conference held at Meran/Merano, Italy, April 1998), IAHS Publication TI - Glacier runoff in Alpine headwaters in a changing climate VL - 248 ID - 3594 ER - TY - GEN AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Batlogg, N. CY - Wien PY - 1999 SP - 98 ST - Modellierung der Auswirkung von Klimaänderungen auf verschiedene Einzugsgebiete in Österreich T2 - Schriftenreihe Forschung im Verbund TI - Modellierung der Auswirkung von Klimaänderungen auf verschiedene Einzugsgebiete in Österreich ID - 1781 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Batlogg, N. PY - 1999 SP - 98 ST - Modellierung der Auswirkung von Klimaänderungen auf verschiedene Einzugsgebiete in Österreich T2 - Schriftenr. Forschung im Verbund TI - Modellierung der Auswirkung von Klimaänderungen auf verschiedene Einzugsgebiete in Österreich VL - BD. 46 ID - 3595 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Dreiseitl, E. AU - Hofinger, S. AU - Markl, G. AU - Span, N. AU - Kaser, G. IS - 4 KW - glacier mass balance, low latitudes, methods LB - Kuhn1999 PY - 1999 SN - 1468-0459 SP - 659-670 ST - Measurements and models of the mass balance of Hintereisferner T2 - Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography TI - Measurements and models of the mass balance of Hintereisferner UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0459.00094 VL - 81 ID - 3596 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Wetterdienst, Deutscher AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Nickus, U. AU - Pellet, F. CY - Offenbach PY - 1982 SP - 235-237 ST - Die Niederschlagsverhältnisse im inneren Ötztal T2 - 17. Internationale Tagung für Alpine Meteorologie TI - Die Niederschlagsverhältnisse im inneren Ötztal ID - 1782 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Obleitner, F. AU - Nachtnebel, H. P. AU - Reichel, G. LB - kuhn1993 PB - Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften PY - 1993 SP - 4.1-4.67 ST - Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen Auf Österreich - Mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich TI - Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen Auf Österreich - Mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich ID - 1783 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kuhn, M. AU - Olefs, M. AU - Fischer, A. PY - 2007 SP - 49 ST - Auswirkung von Klimaänderungen auf das Abflussverhalten von vergletscherten Einzugsgebieten im Hinblick auf Speicherkraftwerke T2 - Endbericht STARTCLIM 2007 TI - Auswirkung von Klimaänderungen auf das Abflussverhalten von vergletscherten Einzugsgebieten im Hinblick auf Speicherkraftwerke ID - 3597 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A hydrometeorological model designed for climatological applications with monthly time-steps and 100 m altitude intervals was calibrated with runoff and climate data on five small, glacierized basins in the Silvretta mountains, Austria (46°55′N, 10°10′E). These basins are exposed to similar synoptic weather conditions but differ in their altitude ranges and glacier covers, enabling the model to be tested for a variety of physical conditions. The structure of the model, the data input and the calibration and tuning procedures are described. Sensitivities of the model to temperature and precipitation changes are derived and applied to annual and decadal values of T and P, respectively. Judged by the difference between observed and calculated sums of runoff, simulation of decadal values is satisfactory, while annual simulations and measurements have rms differences of the order of 200 mm. AU - Kuhn, Michael IS - 1 N1 - doi:10.3189/172756400781820228 PY - 2000 SP - 15-18 ST - Verification of a hydrometeorological model of glacierized basins T2 - Annals of Glaciology TI - Verification of a hydrometeorological model of glacierized basins UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2000/00000031/00000001/art00004 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756400781820228 VL - 31 ID - 1784 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kullman, Leif LB - kullmann:02 PY - 2002 SP - 68-77 ST - Rapid recent range-margin rise of tree and shrub species in the Swedish Scandes T2 - Journal of Ecology TI - Rapid recent range-margin rise of tree and shrub species in the Swedish Scandes VL - 90 ID - 1785 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kunreuther, H. IS - 2 LB - kunreuther2001 PY - 2001 SP - 277-296 ST - Mitigation and Financial Risk Management for Natural Hazards T2 - The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance TI - Mitigation and Financial Risk Management for Natural Hazards VL - 26 ID - 1786 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kunz, M. PB - Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung Karlsruhe (IMK) ST - Das Pfingsthochwasser aus der Sicht eines Meteorologen, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung Karlsruhe (IMK). TI - Das Pfingsthochwasser aus der Sicht eines Meteorologen ID - 1787 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kunz, M. ST - Das Pfingsthochwasser aus der Sicht eines Meteorologen, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung Karlsruhe (IMK). TI - Das Pfingsthochwasser aus der Sicht eines Meteorologen, Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung Karlsruhe (IMK) ID - 1788 ER - TY - BOOK AU - KURZ, P. AU - MACHATSCHEK, M. AU - IGLHAUSER, B. CY - Graz PY - 2001 ST - Hecken – Geschichte und Ökologie, Anlage, Erhaltung und Nutzung TI - Hecken – Geschichte und Ökologie, Anlage, Erhaltung und Nutzung ID - 1789 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is a native insect of the pine forests of western North America, and its populations periodically erupt into large-scale outbreaks. During outbreaks, the resulting widespread tree mortality reduces forest carbon uptake and increases future emissions from the decay of killed trees. The impacts of insects on forest carbon dynamics, however, are generally ignored in large-scale modelling analyses. The current outbreak in British Columbia, Canada, is an order of magnitude larger in area and severity than all previous recorded outbreaks. Here we estimate that the cumulative impact of the beetle outbreak in the affected region during 2000-2020 will be 270 megatonnes (Mt) carbon (or 36 g carbon m-2 yr-1 on average over 374,000 km2 of forest). This impact converted the forest from a small net carbon sink to a large net carbon source both during and immediately after the outbreak. In the worst year, the impacts resulting from the beetle outbreak in British Columbia were equivalent to ∼75% of the average annual direct forest fire emissions from all of Canada during 1959-1999. The resulting reduction in net primary production was of similar magnitude to increases observed during the 1980s and 1990s as a result of global change. Climate change has contributed to the unprecedented extent and severity of this outbreak. Insect outbreaks such as this represent an important mechanism by which climate change may undermine the ability of northern forests to take up and store atmospheric carbon, and such impacts should be accounted for in large-scale modelling analyses. ©2008 Nature Publishing Group. AD - Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range, Victoria, BC V8W 9C2, Canada Kurz, W. A. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada email: wkurz@nrcan.gc.ca AU - Kurz, W. A. AU - Dymond, C. C. AU - Stinson, G. AU - Rampley, G. J. AU - Neilson, E. T. AU - Carroll, A. L. AU - Ebata, T. AU - Safranyik, L. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1038/nature06777 IS - 7190 J2 - Nature KW - carbon beetle climate change coniferous forest forest fire population outbreak article Canada carbon source Dendroctonus ponderosae forest management global change harvesting pine priority journal Animals Atmosphere Beetles British Columbia Carbon Computer Simulation Ecosystem Feedback, Biochemical Greenhouse Effect Monte Carlo Method Pinus Plant Diseases Trees North America Coleoptera Curculionidae Hexapoda Pinus mugo Scolytinae LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 342 CODEN: NATUA PubMed ID: 18432244 Chemicals/CAS: carbon, 7440-44-0; Carbon, 7440-44-0 References: Amman, G.D., Cole, W.E., (1983) Mountain Pine Beetle Dynamics in Lodgepole Pine Forests Part II: Population Dynamics, , General Technical Report No. GTR-INT-145 United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden; Safranyik, L., Shrimpton, D., Whitney, H., (1974) Management of Lodgepole Pine to Reduce Losses from the Mountain Pine Beetle. Technical, , Environment Canada, Canadian Forestry Service, Victoria; Taylor, S.W., Carroll, A.L., (2004) Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium: Challenges and Solutions BC-X-399, pp. 41-51. , eds Shore, T. L, Brooks, J. E. & Stone, J. E, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Victoria; Taylor, S.W., Carroll, A.L., Alfaro, R.I., Safranyik, L., (2006) The Mountain Pine Beetle: A Synthesis of Biology, Management and Impacts in Lodgepole Pine, pp. 67-94. , eds Safranyik, L. & Wilson, B, Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Victoria; Nemani, R.R., Climate-driven increases in global terrestrial net primary production from 1982 to 1999 (2003) Science, 300, pp. 1560-1563; Carroll, A. L., Taylor, S. W., Regniere, J. & Safranyik, L. in Mountain Pine Beetle Symposium: Challenges and Solutions. Report number BC-X-399 (eds Shore, T. L., Brooks, J. E. & Stone, J. E.) 223-232 (Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Victoria, 2004)Mattson, W.J., Addy, N.D., Phytophagous insects as regulators of forest primary productivity (1975) Science, 190, pp. 515-522; Parkins, J.R., McKendrick, N.A., Assessing community vulnerability: A study of the mountain pine beetle outbreak in British Columbia, Canada (2007) Glob. Environ. Chang, 17, pp. 460-471; Volney, W.J.A., Fleming, R.A., Climate change and impacts of boreal forest insects (2000) Agr. Ecosys. Env, 82, pp. 283-294; Williams, D.W., Liebhold, A.M., Climate change and the outbreak ranges of two North American bark beetles (2002) Agr. For. Ent, 4, pp. 87-99; Westfall, J., (2007) 2006 Summary of Forest Health Conditions in British Columbia, , British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range, Victoria; Walton, A., (2007) Provincial-Level Projection of the Current Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreak, , http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hre/bcmpb/Year4.htm, British Columbia, Ministry of Forest and Range, Victoria; Environment Canada. National Inventory Report, 1990-2005: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks in Canada. 〈http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/ inventory_report/2005_report/tdm-toc_eng.cfm〉. (Environment Canada, Gatineau, 2007)Hamann, A., Wang, T., Potential effects of climate change on ecosystem and tree species distribution in British Columbia (2006) Ecology, 87, pp. 2773-2786; Amiro, B.D., Direct carbon emissions from Canadian forest fires, 1959-1999 (2001) Can. J. For. Res, 31, pp. 512-525; Canadell, J.G., (2007) Terrestrial Ecosystems in a Changing World, pp. 59-78. , eds Canadell, J. G, Pataki, D. E. & Pitkelka, L. F, Springer, Berlin; Denman, K.L., (2007) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, pp. 499-587. , eds Solomon, S. et al, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge; Ayres, M.P., Lombardero, M.J., Assessing the consequences of global change for forest disturbance from herbivores and pathogens (2000) Sci. Total Environ, 262, pp. 263-286; Kurz, W.A., Apps, M.J., Stocks, B.J., Volney, W.J.A., (1995) Biotic Feedbacks in the Global Climatic System: Will the Warming Feed the Warming, pp. 119-133. , eds Woodwell, G. M. & Mackenzie, F. T, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford; Berg, E.E., Henry, J.D., Fastie, C.L., De Volder, A.D., Matsuoka, S.M., Spruce beetle outbreaks on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, and Kluane National Park and Reserve, Yukon Territory: Relationship to summer temperatures and regional differences in disturbance regimes (2006) For. Ecol. Manage, 227, pp. 219-232; Logan, J.A., Powell, J.A., Ghost forests, global warming, and the mountain pine beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) (2001) Am. Ent, 47, pp. 160-173; McGuire, A.D., Carbon balance of the terrestrial biosphere in the twentieth century: Analyses of CO2, climate and land use effects with four process-based ecosystem models (2001) G. Biogeoch. Cycles, 15, pp. 183-206; Myneni, R.B., A large carbon sink in the woody biomass of northern forests (2001) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci, 98, pp. 14784-14789; Wulder, M.A., Dymond, C.C., White, J.C., Leckie, D.G., Carroll, A.L., Surveying mountain pine beetle damage of forests: A review of remote sensing opportunities (2001) For. Ecol. Manage, 221, pp. 27-41; Berryman, A.A., (1988) Dynamics of Forest Insect Populations: Patterns, Causes, Implications, , Plenum, New York; Bond-Lamberty, B., Peckham, S.D., Ahl, D.E., Gower, S.T., Fire as the dominant driver of central Canadian boreal forest carbon balance (2007) Nature, 450, pp. 89-92; Kurz, W.A., Stinson, G., Rampley, G., Could increased boreal forest ecosystem productivity offset carbon losses from increased disturbances? (2007) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B, , doi:10.1098/rstb.2007.2198; Kurz, W.A., Apps, M.J., Webb, T.M., McNamee, P.J., (1992) The Carbon Budget of the Canadian Forest Sector: Phase I, , Information Report NOR-X-326 Forestry Canada, Northwest Region, Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton; Kurz, W.A., Apps, M.J., A 70-year retrospective analysis of carbon fluxes in the Canadian forest sector (1999) Ecol. Appl, 9, pp. 526-547; Kull, S., (2006) Operational-Scale Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBM-CFS3) Version 1.0: User's Guide, , Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Edmonton PY - 2008 SN - 00280836 SP - 987-990 ST - Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change T2 - Nature TI - Mountain pine beetle and forest carbon feedback to climate change UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-42549163271&partnerID=40&md5=dc094a94085dc3101a88f0511007e57a VL - 452 ID - 1790 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Kyek, M. LB - bundsg PB - Institut für Ökologie, Salzburg. Bundesministerium, für wirtschaftliche Angelegenheiten (Hrsg.) PY - 1999 SP - 32 ST - Amphibienschutz an Straßen - Empfehlungen für den Straßenbau TI - Amphibienschutz an Straßen - Empfehlungen für den Straßenbau ID - 1791 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kyek, M. LB - kyek00 PY - 2000 SP - 112 ST - Kartierungsanleitung der Herpetofauna Salzburgs T2 - Naturschutzbeiträge TI - Kartierungsanleitung der Herpetofauna Salzburgs VL - 27 ID - 1792 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kyek, M. LB - kyek01 PY - 2001 SP - 29 ST - Koordination des Amphibienschutzes an Straßen im Bundesland Salzburg im Jahr 2001 T2 - Projektbericht erstellt im Auftrag der Salzburger Landesregierung, Naturschutzabteilung TI - Koordination des Amphibienschutzes an Straßen im Bundesland Salzburg im Jahr 2001 ID - 1793 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kyek, M. LB - kyek02 PY - 2002 SP - 51 ST - Koordination des Amphibienschutzes an Straßen im Bundesland Salzburg im Jahr 2002 T2 - Projektbericht erstellt im Auftrag der Salzburger Landesregierung, Naturschutzabteilung TI - Koordination des Amphibienschutzes an Straßen im Bundesland Salzburg im Jahr 2002 ID - 1794 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kyek, M. LB - kyek03 PY - 2003 SP - 53 ST - Koordination des Amphibienschutzes an Straßen im Bundesland Salzburg im Jahr 2003 T2 - Projektbericht erstellt im Auftrag der Salzburger Landesregierung, Naturschutzabteilung TI - Koordination des Amphibienschutzes an Straßen im Bundesland Salzburg im Jahr 2003 ID - 1795 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The aims of this study were to assess impacts of hot summer periods on mortality in the Czech Republic and to quantify the size of the short-term displacement effect which resulted in lower than expected mortality after heat waves. The analysis covered the period 1982-2000 when several extraordinarily hot summers occurred in central Europe. Daily total all-cause mortality and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the entire population of the Czech Republic (approximately 10 million inhabitants) were examined. The daily death counts were standardized to account for the long-term decline in mortality and the seasonal and weekly cycles. Heat-related mortality is better expressed if 1-day lag after temperature is considered compared to the unlagged relationship. With the 1-day lag, both excess total mortality and excess CVD mortality were positive during all 17 heat waves, and in 14 (12) heat waves the increase in total (CVD) mortality was statistically significant ( P=0.05). The mean relative rise in total mortality during heat waves was 13%. The response was greater in females than males and similar regardless of whether total or CVD mortality was used. The largest relative increases, exceeding 20% in both total and CVD mortality, were associated with heat waves which occurred in early summer (the first half of July 1984 and June 1994). The mortality displacement effect played an important role since mortality tended to be lower than expected after hot periods. The mean net mortality change due to heat waves was estimated to be about a 1% increase in the number of deaths. The large relative increases during some heat waves were particularly noteworthy since the study (in contrast to most analyses of the heat stress/mortality relationship) was not restricted to an urban area and/or an elderly population. AD - Institute of Atmospheric Physics AS CR, Bocní II 1401, 141 31 Prague, Czech Republic. honza@ufa.cas.cz AU - Kysely, J. IS - 2 KW - Adolescent Adult Aged Cardiovascular Diseases Child Child, Preschool Climate Czech Republic Female Hot Temperature Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Male Middle Aged Mortality Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Seasons N1 - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PY - 2004 SP - 91-7 ST - Mortality and displaced mortality during heat waves in the Czech Republic T2 - International journal of biometeorology TI - Mortality and displaced mortality during heat waves in the Czech Republic UR - http://ukpmc.ac.uk/abstract/MED/15549422 VL - 49 ID - 1796 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kyselý, J. AU - Kalvová, J. AU - Kveton, V. LB - kysely2000 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2000 SP - 57-72 ST - Heat Waves in the South Moravian Region during the Period 1961 - 1995 T2 - Studia geoph. Et geod. TI - Heat Waves in the South Moravian Region during the Period 1961 - 1995 VL - 44 ID - 1797 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kyselý, J. AU - Kalvová, J. AU - Kveton, V. PY - 2000 SP - 57-72 ST - Heat Waves in the South Moravian Region during the Period 1961 – 1995 T2 - Studia geoph. Et geod. TI - Heat Waves in the South Moravian Region during the Period 1961 – 1995 VL - 44 (20000) ID - 1798 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The aims of this study were to assess impacts of hot summer periods on mortality in the Czech Republic and to quantify the size of the short-term displacement effect which resulted in lower than expected mortality after heat waves. The analysis covered the period 1982–2000 when several extraordinarily hot summers occurred in central Europe. Daily total all-cause mortality and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the entire population of the Czech Republic (approximately 10 million inhabitants) were examined. The daily death counts were standardized to account for the long-term decline in mortality and the seasonal and weekly cycles. Heat-related mortality is better expressed if 1-day lag after temperature is considered compared to the unlagged relationship. With the 1-day lag, both excess total mortality and excess CVD mortality were positive during all 17 heat waves, and in 14 (12) heat waves the increase in total (CVD) mortality was statistically significant ( P =0.05). The mean relative rise in total mortality during heat waves was 13%. The response was greater in females than males and similar regardless of whether total or CVD mortality was used. The largest relative increases, exceeding 20% in both total and CVD mortality, were associated with heat waves which occurred in early summer (the first half of July 1984 and June 1994). The mortality displacement effect played an important role since mortality tended to be lower than expected after hot periods. The mean net mortality change due to heat waves was estimated to be about a 1% increase in the number of deaths. The large relative increases during some heat waves were particularly noteworthy since the study (in contrast to most analyses of the heat stress/mortality relationship) was not restricted to an urban area and/or an elderly population. AU - Kyselý, Jan DO - 10.1007/s00484-004-0218-2 IS - 2 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 2004 SN - 0020-7128 SP - 91-97 ST - Mortality and displaced mortality during heat waves in the Czech Republic T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Mortality and displaced mortality during heat waves in the Czech Republic UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-004-0218-2 VL - 49 ID - 1799 ER - TY - RPRT AU - L., Balogh AU - I., Dancza AU - G., Kiraly PY - 2006 ST - Preliminary report on the grid-based map-ping of invasive plants in Hungary. T2 - Neobiota 7 TI - Preliminary report on the grid-based map-ping of invasive plants in Hungary ID - 1800 ER - TY - JOUR AU - L.Turc PY - 1961 SP - 13-49 ST - Évaluation des besoins en eau dﾒirrigation, évapotranspiration potentielle, formoule simplifié et mise à jour T2 - Annales Agronomiques TI - Évaluation des besoins en eau dﾒirrigation, évapotranspiration potentielle, formoule simplifié et mise à jour VL - 12 ID - 1801 ER - TY - RPRT AU - LABO ET - LABO-Projekt 3.05 PY - 2006 ST - Endbericht zum Orientierungsrahmen zur zusammenfassenden Bewertung von Bodenfunktionen TI - Endbericht zum Orientierungsrahmen zur zusammenfassenden Bewertung von Bodenfunktionen ID - 3400 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lacasa, A. AU - Torres, J. AU - Martinez, M. C. PY - 1993 SP - 335-344 ST - Frankliniella occidentalis en los cultivos de nectarina de Murcia. Evolucion de las poblaciones y comportamiento de variedades T2 - Bolletin de Sanidad Vegetal TI - Frankliniella occidentalis en los cultivos de nectarina de Murcia. Evolucion de las poblaciones y comportamiento de variedades VL - Plagas 19(3) ID - 1802 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Over the last years, concern for the possible influence of exposure to air pollutants in children during gestation or the first years of life has grown; exposure levels which may be reached nowadays in our dwellings and in our streets. In the present study evidence over the possible impact of ambient air pollution on the foetus and the infants (i.e.: less than 1 year) published during the last decade, 1994--2003, are revised. Studies on infant mortality and exposure to particles show an outstanding consistence in the magnitude of the effects, despite the different designs used. As a whole, data show that an increase in 10 microg/m3 of particle concentration (measured as PM10) is associated with to about 5% increase in post-neonatal mortality for all causes and around 22% for post-neonatal mortality for respiratory diseases. Regarding damage in foetal health, although results are not always consistent, most studies show associations with exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. However, the precise mechanisms of action of air pollutants on adverse reproductive results are still unknown, so is the period of exposure most relevant during pregnancy and the specific pollutant which may represent a higher risk. Follow-up studies evaluating personal exposure to different air pollutants are required, allowing for the adequate evaluation of the impact of each pollutant in different periods of pregnancy, as well as providing hypotheses on their possible mechanisms of action. AU - M., Lacasaña AU - A., Esplugues AU - F., Ballester IS - 2 PY - 2005 SP - 183-199 ST - Exposure to ambient air pollution and prenatal and early childhood health effects T2 - J of Epidemiology TI - Exposure to ambient air pollution and prenatal and early childhood health effects VL - 20 ID - 1803 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Laessig, R. AU - Egli, S. AU - Odermatt, O. AU - Schoenenberger, W. AU - Stoeckli, B. AU - Wohlgemuth, T. PY - 1995 SE - 893 SP - 893-911 ST - Beginning of reforestation of windthrow areas [In German] T2 - Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Forstwesen TI - Beginning of reforestation of windthrow areas [In German] VL - 146 ID - 3439 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Laffont, J. J. ET - third LB - laffont1990 PB - The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press PY - 1990 ST - The Economics of Uncertainty and Information TI - The Economics of Uncertainty and Information ID - 1804 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LAFRANCE, J. PY - 1968 SP - 801-807 ST - The seasonal movements of wireworms (Coleoptera. Elateridae) in relation to soil moisture and temperature in the organic soils of Southwest Quebec T2 - The Canadian Entomologist TI - The seasonal movements of wireworms (Coleoptera. Elateridae) in relation to soil moisture and temperature in the organic soils of Southwest Quebec VL - 100 ID - 1805 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Laimer, P. AU - Öhlböck, P. PY - 2007 SP - 343-356 ST - Urlaubs- und Geschäftsreisen im Kalenderjahr 2006 T2 - Statistische Nachrichten TI - Urlaubs- und Geschäftsreisen im Kalenderjahr 2006 VL - 4 ID - 1806 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lakkala, K. AU - Kyrö, E. AU - Turunen, T. IS - D 19 PY - 2003 SE - 4621 ST - Spectral UV Measurements at Sodankylä during 1990-2001 T2 - J. Geophys. Res TI - Spectral UV Measurements at Sodankylä during 1990-2001 VL - 108 ID - 1807 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The carbon sink capacity of the world's agricultural and degraded soils is 50 to 66% of the historic carbon loss of 42 to 78 gigatons of carbon. The rate of soil organic carbon sequestration with adoption of recommended technologies depends on soil texture and structure, rainfall, temperature, farming system, and soil management. Strategies to increase the soil carbon pool include soil restoration and woodland regeneration, no-till farming, cover crops, nutrient management, manuring and sludge application, improved grazing, water conservation and harvesting, efficient irrigation, agroforestry practices, and growing energy crops on spare lands. An increase of 1 ton of soil carbon pool of degraded cropland soils may increase crop yield by 20 to 40 kilograms per hectare (kg/ha) for wheat, 10 to 20 kg/ha for maize, and 0.5 to 1 kg/ha for cowpeas. As well as enhancing food security, carbon sequestration has the potential to offset fossilfuel emissions by 0.4 to 1.2 gigatons of carbon per year, or 5 to 15% of the global fossil-fuel emissions. AU - Lal, R. DA - June 11, 2004 DO - 10.1126/science.1097396 IS - 5677 PY - 2004 SP - 1623-1627 ST - Soil Carbon Sequestration Impacts on Global Climate Change and Food Security T2 - Science TI - Soil Carbon Sequestration Impacts on Global Climate Change and Food Security UR - http://www.sciencemag.org/content/304/5677/1623.abstract VL - 304 ID - 1808 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lal, Rattan LB - mcneill:04 PY - 2004 SP - 1627-1929 ST - Breaking the sod: humankind, history, and soil T2 - Science TI - Breaking the sod: humankind, history, and soil VL - 304 ID - 1809 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lal, Rattan LB - lal:04 PY - 2004 SP - 1623-1627 ST - Soil carbon sequestration impacts on climate change and food security T2 - Science TI - Soil carbon sequestration impacts on climate change and food security VL - 304 ID - 1810 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Developing technologies to reduce the rate of increase of atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) from annual emissions of 8.6 Pg C yr–1 from energy, process industry, land-use conversion and soil cultivation is an important issue of the twenty-first century. Of the three options of reducing the global energy use, developing low or no-carbon fuel and sequestering emissions, this manuscript describes processes for carbon (CO2) sequestration and discusses abiotic and biotic technologies. Carbon sequestration implies transfer of atmospheric CO2 into other long-lived global pools including oceanic, pedologic, biotic and geological strata to reduce the net rate of increase in atmospheric CO2. Engineering techniques of CO2 injection in deep ocean, geological strata, old coal mines and oil wells, and saline aquifers along with mineral carbonation of CO2 constitute abiotic techniques. These techniques have a large potential of thousands of Pg, are expensive, have leakage risks and may be available for routine use by 2025 and beyond. In comparison, biotic techniques are natural and cost-effective processes, have numerous ancillary benefits, are immediately applicable but have finite sink capacity. Biotic and abiotic C sequestration options have specific nitches, are complementary, and have potential to mitigate the climate change risks. AU - Lal, Rattan DA - February 27, 2008 DO - 10.1098/rstb.2007.2185 IS - 1492 PY - 2008 SP - 815-830 ST - Carbon sequestration T2 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences TI - Carbon sequestration UR - http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/363/1492/815.abstract VL - 363 ID - 1811 ER - TY - RPRT AU - C., Lam J. CY - Graz PY - 1998 SP - 623-629 ST - Climatic and Economic Influences on Residental Electricity Consumption T2 - Energy Conversation and Management TI - Climatic and Economic Influences on Residental Electricity Consumption ID - 1812 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Beginning in 1996, aerial photographs were taken for a new Austrian glacier inventory, resulting in digital elevation models (DEMs) and digital orthoimages. An earlier inventory of the Austrian glaciers containing the original aerial photographs and glacier maps and a manual evaluation of various glacier parameters as of 1969 has been re-evaluated at the present state of the art. The two inventories provide the basis for the comparison of glacier reactions over a period of 29 years. In general a reduction of glacier area is observed for almost all Austrian glaciers between 1969 and 1998. The overall reduction in ice-covered area is 17%. The glacier volume change calculated from the DEMs amounts to about 5 km3. This is almost 22% of the ice volume in Austria in 1969, estimated from a volume-area relation. Changes of individual glaciers, however, show a wide variability, depending on their size and physiographic setting. AU - Lambrecht, A. AU - Kuhn, M. IS - 1 N1 - doi:10.3189/172756407782871341 PY - 2007 SP - 177-184 ST - Glacier changes in the Austrian Alps during the last three decades, derived from the new Austrian glacier inventory T2 - Annals of Glaciology TI - Glacier changes in the Austrian Alps during the last three decades, derived from the new Austrian glacier inventory UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2007/00000046/00000001/art00026 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871341 VL - 46 ID - 1813 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lambrecht, A. AU - Kuhn, M. DO - 10.3189/172756407782871341 IS - 1 LB - Lambrecht2007a PY - 2007 SP - 177-184 ST - Glacier changes in the Austrian Alps during the last three decades, derived from the new Austrian glacier inventory T2 - Annals of Glaciology TI - Glacier changes in the Austrian Alps during the last three decades, derived from the new Austrian glacier inventory UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2007/00000046/00000001/art00026 VL - 46 ID - 3598 ER - TY - GEN AU - Lampert, W. AU - Sommer, U. LB - lamp93 PY - 1993 ST - Limnoökologie TI - Limnoökologie ID - 1814 ER - TY - WEB AU - Landesamt für Natur, Umwelt und Verbraucherschutz Nordrhein-Westfalen (LANUV) M1 - 8.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.lanuv.nrw.de/klima/metropole.htm ID - 1815 ER - TY - GEN AU - (Hrsg.), Landeshauptstadt München CY - München PY - 2006 SP - 47 ST - Bodenbewertung in der räumlichen Planung. Ein Beitrag zur nachhaltigen Raumentwicklung. Ergebnisse des EU-Interreg IIIB Alpenraum Pro- jekts TUSEC-IP TI - Bodenbewertung in der räumlichen Planung. Ein Beitrag zur nachhaltigen Raumentwicklung. Ergebnisse des EU-Interreg IIIB Alpenraum Pro- jekts TUSEC-IP ID - 3401 ER - TY - GEN AU - (Hrsg.), Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart CY - Stuttgart PY - 2012 SP - 28 ST - Böden in der Stadt. URBAN SMS – Bodenma- nagement für eine nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung TI - Böden in der Stadt. URBAN SMS – Bodenma- nagement für eine nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ID - 3402 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Steiermark, Landesstatistik PY - 2007 RN - Amt der Steiermärkischen Landesregierung, Fachabteilung 1C – Landesstatistik SN - 0039-1093 ST - Privathaushalte in der Steiermark. Stand Volkszählung 2001 und Entwicklung 1971-2050 T2 - Steirische Statistiken TI - Privathaushalte in der Steiermark. Stand Volkszählung 2001 und Entwicklung 1971-2050 VL - 3 ID - 1816 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper describes a stand growth model, based on physiological processes, which incorporates a number of steps and procedures that have allowed considerable simplification relative to extant process-based models. The model, called 3-PG (use of Physiological Principles in Predicting Growth), calculates total carbon fixed (gross primary production; PG) from utilizable, absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (φp.a.u.), obtained by correcting the photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the forest canopy (φp.a.) for the effects of soil drought, atmospheric vapour pressure deficits and stand age. PG is obtained from φp.a.u. and the canopy quantum efficiency, values of which are becoming available. The ratio of net (PN) to gross primary production is emerging as relatively constant for trees. This eliminates the need to calculate respiration and is used to estimate PN—the net amount of carbon converted to biomass. 3-PG uses a simple relationship to estimate the amount of carbon allocated below ground and a procedure based on allometric ratios—widely available for many species and situations—to determine the allocation of carbon to foliage and stems and constrain tree growth patterns. The effects of nutrition are incorporated through the carbon allocation procedure; the amount of carbon allocated below ground will increase with decreasing soil fertility. Recently acquired knowledge about the physiological factors causing decline in forest growth rates with age is used to model that decline. Changes in stem populations (self-thinning) are derived from a procedure based on the −32 power law, combined with stem growth rates. The model requires weather data as input, works on monthly time steps and has been run for periods up to 120 years, producing realistic patterns of stem growth and stem diameter increments. The time course of leaf area index is realistic for a range of soil conditions and atmospheric constraints. 3-PG can be run from remotely-sensed estimates of leaf area index coupled to weather data and basic, readily available information about soils and stand characteristics. It is being tested as a practical tool against forestry data from New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria and New Zealand. Test results show excellent correspondence between stand growth measurements and simulated stem growth over 30 years. AU - Landsberg, J. J. AU - Waring, R. H. IS - 3 KW - Forest model Carbon balance Partitioning Physiological processes Weather N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00026-1 PY - 1997 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 209-228 ST - A generalised model of forest productivity using simplified concepts of radiation-use efficiency, carbon balance and partitioning T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - A generalised model of forest productivity using simplified concepts of radiation-use efficiency, carbon balance and partitioning UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112797000261 VL - 95 ID - 1817 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Feigl, Helmuth A2 - Rosner, Willibald AU - Landsteiner, Erich CY - Wien LB - landsteiner1988 PB - Selbstverlag NÖ Inst. f. Landeskunde PY - 1988 SP - 99-139 ST - Weinbau und Gesellschaft in Mitteleuropa - Ein Interpretationsversuch Am Beispiel Des Retzer Gebietes (16.-18.Jahrhundert). Studien und Forschungen aus dem NÖ Inst. f. Landeskunde T2 - NÖ Schriften 38 Wissenschaft TI - Weinbau und Gesellschaft in Mitteleuropa - Ein Interpretationsversuch Am Beispiel Des Retzer Gebietes (16.-18.Jahrhundert). Studien und Forschungen aus dem NÖ Inst. f. Landeskunde ID - 1818 ER - TY - WEB AU - Land_Steiermark M1 - 21.1.2014 PY - 2014 UR - http://www.verwaltung.steiermark.at/cms/dokumente/11682121_74835241/2b37a41f/Raumordnungsrecht_NEU.pdf ID - 3639 ER - TY - WEB AU - Land_Steiermark M1 - 16.1.2014 PY - 2014 UR - http://www.verwaltung.steiermark.at/cms/dokumente/11679832_74834953/8a642226/MitgliederErsatzmitglieder%20zur%20Information.pdf ID - 3640 ER - TY - WEB AU - Land_Steiermark M1 - 21.1.2014 PY - 2014 UR - http://www.verwaltung.steiermark.at/cms/dokumente/11682124_74835415/1e8b28a5/Gemeinde_NEU_FACH1_01.02.2013.pdf ID - 3641 ER - TY - WEB AU - Lang, B. AU - Nemestothy, K. CY - klima:aktiv energieholz / Österreichische Energieagentur - Austrian Energy Agency, FHP Kooperationsplattform Forst Holz Papier, 2 PY - 2012 ST - Holzströme in Österreich 2010 TI - Holzströme in Österreich 2010 ID - 3481 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LANGENBUCH, R. PY - 1932 SP - 278-300 ST - Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Biologie von Agriotes lineatus L. und Agriotes obscurus L T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Biologie von Agriotes lineatus L. und Agriotes obscurus L VL - 19 ID - 1819 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Langeron, M. AU - Nitzulescu, V PY - 1931 SP - 72-76 ST - Phlebotomus larroussei n. sp. nouvelle espèce Européene de phlébotome T2 - Ann Parasitol Hum Comp TI - Phlebotomus larroussei n. sp. nouvelle espèce Européene de phlébotome VL - 9 ID - 1820 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Langlet, O. PY - 1971 SP - 653-721 ST - Two hundred years genecology T2 - Taxon TI - Two hundred years genecology VL - 20 ID - 1821 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Langley, J. Adam AU - Chapman, Samantha K. AU - Hungate, Bruce A. LB - langley:06 PY - 2006 SP - 955-959 ST - Ectomycorrhizal colonization slows root decomposition: the post-mortem fungal legacy T2 - Ecology Letters TI - Ectomycorrhizal colonization slows root decomposition: the post-mortem fungal legacy VL - 9 ID - 1822 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lankes, K. LB - lank20 PY - 1920 SP - 364 ST - Beiträge zur Verbreitung des Springfrosches (Rana agilis Thos in Bayern T2 - Blätter für Aquarien- und Terrarienkunde, Braunschweig TI - Beiträge zur Verbreitung des Springfrosches (Rana agilis Thos in Bayern VL - 31 ID - 1823 ER - TY - BOOK AB - (UTB) Pp. : ca. DM 118.00 ; (Ulmer) Pp. : ca. DM 118.00 AN - 095252894 AU - Larcher, Walter CY - Stuttgart DB - SWB Online-Katalog ET - 6., neubearb. Aufl. KW - Plant physiological ecology Botany / Ecology Pflanzenphysiologie Pflanzenökologie LA - ger N1 - Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen <21> [Signatur: bot P 2002 Auflage 6] Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, Bereichsbibliothek Biologie <21/112> [Signatur: biol M 149 ; 1 (6)] Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, Bereichsbibliothek Geowissenschaften <21/10> [Signatur: Lehrbuch 57.0] Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg <25> [Signatur: LB 93/403] Universität Freiburg, Fakultätsbibliothek Biologie II und III <25/16> [Signatur: Frei 16: GO 30/12c] Universität des Saarlandes <291/417> [Signatur: 80/WI 2010 L319(6)] Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek <14> Württembergische Landesbibliothek <24> [Signatur: 51/14134] Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig <15> Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg <16> [Signatur: LN-R2-6931] Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) - KIT-Bibliothek <90> [Signatur: 73 A 1611(6)] Universitätsbibliothek Stuttgart <93> [Signatur: ] Badische Landesbibliothek <31> [Signatur: 101 A 53892] Kommunikations- u. Informationszentrum Universität Ulm (kiz) <289> [Signatur: QK 905/2001 L] Pädagogische Hochschule Freiburg [Signatur: Bio B 200: 8] Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim <100> [Signatur: WN 1950 L319(6)] Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Botanik <100/210> [Signatur: Oo 081] Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Kulturpflanzenwissenschaften <100/340> [Signatur: C 0701 101 (6)] TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Universitätsbibliothek <105> [Signatur: 02.2778 8.] Pädagogische Hochschule Ludwigsburg [Signatur: Nat 5de Lar] Hochschule Zittau/Görlitz (FH) [Signatur: $BZi 4] Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft <520> [Signatur: WN 1950-07 1984] Hochschule für Forstwirtschaft <955> [Signatur: SB.61 Lar] Deutsche Institute für Textil- und Faserforschung, [Signatur: J 002] PB - Ulmer PY - 2001 SN - 3-8252-8074-8 3-8001-2759-8 SP - 408 S. ST - Ökophysiologie der Pflanzen : Leben, Leistung und Streßbewältigung der Pflanzen in ihrer Umwelt; 77 Tabellen T2 - UTB ; 8074 : Botanik, Agrar- und Forstwissenschaften, Ökologie, Geographie TI - Ökophysiologie der Pflanzen : Leben, Leistung und Streßbewältigung der Pflanzen in ihrer Umwelt; 77 Tabellen UR - http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/ekz.cgi?SWB09525289 UR - http://tocs.ub.uni-mainz.de/pdfs/100559395.pdf ID - 1824 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 354599259 AU - Larcher, Walter CY - Berlin DB - GVK - Gemeinsamer Verbundkatalog DP - Gemeinsamer Bibliotheksverbund (GBV) / Verbundzentrale des GBV (VZG) ET - 4th ed KW - Plant ecophysiology Pflanzenphysiologie Pflanzenökologie LA - eng N1 - (, AACR: Larcher, W.) Includes bibliographical references (p. [451]-504) and index Ressortbibliotheken des BMELV PB - Springer PY - 2003 SN - 3-540-43516-6 SP - xx, 513 p ST - Physiological plant ecology. Ecophysiology and stress physiology of functional groups TI - Physiological plant ecology. Ecophysiology and stress physiology of functional groups UR - http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0816/2002030952-d.html UR - http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0816/2002030952-t.html UR - http://www.dandelon.com/servlet/download/attachments/dandelon/ids/AT0011642A.pdf UR - http://gso.gbv.de/DB=2.1/PPNSET?PPN=354599259 ID - 1825 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - Larsen, J. PB - Earth Policy Institute PY - 2006 ST - Setting the Record Straight: More than 52,000 Europeans Died from Heat in Summer 2003 T2 - http://www.earth-policy.org/plan_b_updates/2006/update56.htm TI - Setting the Record Straight: More than 52,000 Europeans Died from Heat in Summer 2003 ID - 1826 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Lasch, P. AU - Suckow, F. AU - Bürger, G. AU - Lindner, M. CY - Berlin LB - lasch1998 PB - Springer PY - 1998 ST - Sensitivity analysis of a forest gap model concerning current and future climate variability T2 - The Impacts of Climate Variability on Forests TI - Sensitivity analysis of a forest gap model concerning current and future climate variability ID - 1827 ER - TY - THES AU - LAUE, H. PB - Universität Kassel PY - 2009 ST - Gefühle Landschaftsarchitektur – Möglichkeiten der thermischen Einflussnahme im städtischen Freiraum TI - Gefühle Landschaftsarchitektur – Möglichkeiten der thermischen Einflussnahme im städtischen Freiraum UR - http://www.uni-kassel.de/upress/online/frei/978-3-89958-772-2.volltext.frei.pdf VL - Dissertation ID - 1828 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The relationship between abiotic and biotic factors and the spread of the European spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (L.), was investigated at a landscape level over a model period of 18 years in the Bavarian Forest National Park in Germany. Deadwood areas - where I. typographus - caused tree mortality of 100% - were photographed annually using Color-infrared aerial photography and digitally recorded in vector form. Thirty-two static and dynamic habitat variables were quantitatively determined using spatial pattern analysis and geostatistics from 1990 to 2007 at the landscape scale. The importance of the presence of deadwood areas for thirty-two habitat variables for the occurrence of the bark beetle was quantitatively recorded using an Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA). It was shown over a long model period that the intensity of the bark beetle infestation went through different phases over the 18-year study period. No mono-causal correlations could be found between individual habitat factors and the spread of the bark beetle over the entire model period. On the one hand, these findings underline the complexity of the system, on the other hand, this could be interpreted as a possible explanation for conclusions drawn by previous studies that differ from each other. The importance of individual habitat variables and the combinations of variables varied to different extents within these phases. An examination of the cumulative importance of the habitat demonstrated that the biological structural variables such as the distance from the site of the previous year's infestation, the area and the perimeter of the infested areas from the previous year are of great importance for the incidence of the bark beetle, but not across all years. Of equal significance for assessing the size of the area and the distance of the deadwood areas from the sites of the previous year's infestation are the size of the areas, the perimeter of the deadwood areas and the proximity index. An evaluation of the stages of forest succession showed that cumulatively, a short distance between the infested areas and the forest areas with conifers in the early stages of growth was an equally important habitat factor from 1990 to 2007. By quantitatively recording habitat factors that are significant for the spread of the bark beetle it may help predict areas that are at risk and thus to develop suitable management strategies to minimise or stop the spread and the effect of the bark beetle. AU - Lausch, Angela AU - Fahse, Lorenz AU - Heurich, Marco IS - 2 PY - 2011 SP - 233-245 ST - Factors affecting the spatio-temporal dispersion of Ips typographus (L.) in Bavarian Forest National Park: A long-term quantitative landscape-level analysis T2 - Forest ecology and management TI - Factors affecting the spatio-temporal dispersion of Ips typographus (L.) in Bavarian Forest National Park: A long-term quantitative landscape-level analysis UR - http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND44459344 VL - 261 ID - 1829 ER - TY - GEN AU - Lauscher, F. PY - 1972 ST - 25 Jahre mit täglicher Klassifikation der Wetterlage in den. Ostalpenländern T2 - Wetter u. Leben 24 TI - 25 Jahre mit täglicher Klassifikation der Wetterlage in den. Ostalpenländern ID - 1830 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lauscher, F. AU - Schnelle, F. LB - laus86 PY - 1986 SP - 23 ST - Beiträge zur Phänologie Europas V T2 - Lange phänologische Reihen Europas und ihre Beziehungen zur Temperatur. Berichte des Deutschen Wetterdienstes TI - Beiträge zur Phänologie Europas V VL - 16 ID - 1831 ER - TY - THES AU - Le Masson, Virginie PB - Brunel University School of Health Sciences and Social Care PY - 2013 ST - Exploring disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation from a gender perspective. Insights from Ladakh T2 - PHD thesis TI - Exploring disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation from a gender perspective. Insights from Ladakh ID - 3642 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LE ROMANCER, M., KERLAN, C. AU - NEDELLEC, M. PY - 1994 SP - 138-144 ST - Biological characterisation of various geographical isolates of potato virus Y inducing superficial necrosis on potato tubers T2 - Pl. Pathol. TI - Biological characterisation of various geographical isolates of potato virus Y inducing superficial necrosis on potato tubers VL - 43 ID - 1832 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Study objective: As part of the APHEA project this study examined the association between airborne particles and hospital admissions for cardiac causes (ICD9 390-429) in eight European cities (Barcelona, Burmingham, London, Milan, the Netherlands, Paris, Rome, and Stockholm). All admissions were studied, as well as admissions stratified by age. The association for ischaemic heart disease (ICD9 410-413) and stroke (ICD9 430-438) was also studied, also stratified by age. Design: Autoregressive Poisson models were used that controlled for long term trend, season, influenza epidemics, and meteorology to assess the short-term effects of particles in each city. The study also examined confounding by other pollutants. City specific results were pooled in a second stage regression to obtain more stable estimates and examine the sources of heterogeneity. Main results: The pooled percentage increases associated with a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 and black smoke were respectively 0.5% (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.8) and 1.1% (95% CI: 0.4 to 1.8) for cardiac admissions of all ages, 0.7% (95% CI: 0.4 to 1.0) and 1.3% (95% CI: 0.4 to 2.2) for cardiac admissions over 65 years, and, 0.8% (95% CI: 0.3 to 1.2) and 1.1% (95% CI: 0.7 to 1.5) for ischaemic heart disease over 65 years. The effect of PM10 was little changed by control for ozone or SO2, but was substantially reduced (CO) or eliminated (NO2) by control for other traffic related pollutants. The effect of black smoke remained practically unchanged controlling for CO and only somewhat reduced controlling for NO2. Conclusions: These effects of particulate air pollution on cardiac admissions suggest the primary effect is likely to be mainly attributable to diesel exhaust. Results for ischaemic heart disease below 65 years and for stroke over 65 years were inconclusive. AD - Environmental Health Unit, National Institute of Public Health Surveillance, France Department of Hygiene-Epidemiology, Athens, Greece Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Greece Agency for Public Health Lazio region, Rome, Italy Health Regional Observatory, Paris, France Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of Groningen, Netherlands Local Health Authority, Milan, Italy Department of Public Health Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom Unitat de Recerca Respiratoria i Ambiental, Institut Municipal Investigacio Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain Environmental Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, United States AU - Le Tertre, A. AU - Medina, S. AU - Samoli, E. AU - Forsberg, B. AU - Michelozzi, P. AU - Boumghar, A. AU - Vonk, J. M. AU - Bellini, A. AU - Atkinson, R. AU - Ayres, J. G. AU - Sunyer, J. AU - Schwartz, J. AU - Katsouyanni, K. DO - Cited By (since 1996) 172 Export Date 5 September 2011 Source Scopus CODEN JECHD doi 10.1136/jech.56.10.773 PubMed ID 12239204 Language of Original Document English Correspondence Address Le Tertre, A.12 rue du val d'osne, 94410 Saint-maurice, France; email: a.letertre@invs-sante.fr Chemicals/CAS Air Pollutants; Smoke; Vehicle Emissions References (1987) Air quality guidelines for Europe. European series, 23. , Geneva: WHO regional publications; Schwartz, J., Dockery, D.W., Neas, L.M., Is daily mortality associated specifically with fine particles? 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Budapest: Akademiai Kiado; Wojtyniak, B., Piekarski, T., Short-term effects of air pollution on mortality in Polish urban populations - What is different? 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III, Verrier, R.L., Lovett, E.G., Heart rate variability associated with particulate air pollution (1999) Am Heart J, 138 (5 PART 1), pp. 890-899; Liao, D., Creason, J., Shy, C., Daily variation of particulate air pollution and poor cardiac autonomic control in the elderly (1999) Environ Health Perspect, 107, pp. 521-525; Gold, D.R., Litonjua, A., Schwartz, J., Ambient pollution and heart rate variability (2000) Circulation, 101, pp. 1267-1273; Peters, A., Dockery, D.W., Muller, J.E., Increased particulate air pollution and the triggering of myocardial infarction (2001) Circulation, 103, pp. 2810-2815; Ghio, A.J., Kim, C., Devlin, R.B., Concentrated ambient air particles induce mild pulmonary inflammation in health human volunteers (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 162, pp. 981-988; Pekkanen, J., Brunner, E.J., Anderson, H.R., Daily concentrations of air pollution and plasma fibrinogen in London (2000) Occup Environ Med, 57, pp. 818-822; Schwartz, J., Air pollution and blood markers of cardiovascular risk (2001) Environ Health Perspect, 109 (SUPPL. 3), pp. 405-409; Peters, A., Liu, E., Verrier, R.L., Air pollution and incidence of cardiac arrhythmia (2000) Epidemiology, 11, pp. 11-17; Watkinson, W.P., Campen, M.J., Costa, D.L., Cardiac arrhythmia induction after exposure to residual oil fly ash particles in a rodent model of pulmonary hypertension (1998) Toxicol Sci, 41, pp. 209-216 IS - 10 KW - air quality cardiovascular disease disease prevalence health impact medical geography adult aged air pollution airborne particle ambient air article Europe exhaust gas female hospital admission human ischemic heart disease major clinical study male meteorology stroke suspended particulate matter urban area Adult Aged Air Pollutants Cardiovascular Diseases Cerebrovascular Accident Environmental Exposure Hospitalization Humans Middle Aged Myocardial Ischemia Poisson Distribution Smoke Urban Health Vehicle Emissions PY - 2002 SN - 0143005X (ISSN) SP - 773-779 ST - Short-term effects of particulate air pollution on cardiovascular diseases in eight European cities T2 - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health TI - Short-term effects of particulate air pollution on cardiovascular diseases in eight European cities UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036786316&partnerID=40&md5=9738098355a8e84f4d70620490a4bf10 VL - 56 ID - 1833 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Background: A heatwave occurred in France in August 2003, with an accompanying excess of all-cause mortality. This study quantifies this excess mortality and investigates a possible harvesting effect in the few weeks after the heatwave. Methods: A time-series study using a Poisson regression model with regression splines to control for nonlinear confounders was used to analyze the correlation between heatwave variable and mortality in 9 French cities. Results: After controlling for long-term and seasonal time trends and the usual effects of temperature and air pollution, we estimated that 3,096 extra deaths resulted from the heatwave. The maximum daily relative risk of mortality during the heatwave (compared with expected deaths at that time of year) ranged from 1.16 in Le Havre to 5.00 in Paris. There was little evidence of mortality displacement in the few weeks after the heatwave, with an estimated deficit of 253 deaths at the end of the period. Conclusions: The heatwave in France during August 2003 was associated with a large increase in the number of deaths. The impact estimated using a time-series design was consistent with crude previous estimates of the impact of the heatwave. This finding suggests that neither air pollution nor long-term and seasonal trends confounded previous estimates. There was no evidence to suggest that the extras deaths associated with the heatwave were simply brought forward in time. (C) 2006 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. AU - Le Tertre, Alain AU - Lefranc, Agnès AU - Eilstein, Daniel AU - Declercq, Christophe AU - Medina, Sylvia AU - Blanchard, Myriam AU - Chardon, BenoŒt AU - Fabre, Pascal AU - Filleul, Laurent AU - Jusot, Jean-François AU - Pascal, Laurence AU - Prouvost, Hélène AU - Cassadou, Sylvie AU - Ledrans, Martine IS - 1 KW - 00001648-200601000-00014 PY - 2006 SN - 1044-3983 SP - 75-79 10.1097/01.ede.0000187650.36636.1f ST - Impact of the 2003 Heatwave on All-Cause Mortality in 9 French Cities T2 - Epidemiology TI - Impact of the 2003 Heatwave on All-Cause Mortality in 9 French Cities UR - http://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2006/01000/Impact_of_the_2003_Heatwave_on_All_Cause_Mortality.14.aspx VL - 17 ID - 1834 ER - TY - WEB AU - LEBENSMINISTERIUM M1 - 05.05.2009 PY - 2009 ST - ÖPUL 2007 TI - ÖPUL 2007 UR - http://www.ama.at/Portal.Node/ama/public?gentics.rm=PCP&gentics.pm=gti_full&p.contentid=10008.47092&SRL_O4_20090206.pdf UR - http://www.ama.at/Portal.Node/ama/public?gentics.rm=PCP&gentics.pm=gti_full&p.contentid=10008.47086&Anhang_N_.pdf ID - 1835 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lecha, L. AU - Shackleford, P. PY - 1997 SP - 46-47 ST - Climate services for tourism and recreation T2 - WMO Bulletin TI - Climate services for tourism and recreation VL - 46 ID - 1836 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lee, C. E. LB - lee02 PY - 2002 SP - 386-391 ST - Evolutionary genetics of invasive species T2 - Trends Ecol. Evol. TI - Evolutionary genetics of invasive species VL - 17 ID - 1837 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lehmann, E. LB - lehm95 PY - 1895 SP - 100-119 ST - Flora von Polnisch-Livland 9. Die advenen Florenelemente (Synanthropen) und ihre Verbreitung durch den Menschen und seine Transportmittel (Schiffe und Eisenbahnen) T2 - Arch. f. Naturkde. Liv-, Est- u. Kurlands. Ser. Biol. TI - Flora von Polnisch-Livland 9. Die advenen Florenelemente (Synanthropen) und ihre Verbreitung durch den Menschen und seine Transportmittel (Schiffe und Eisenbahnen) VL - 11 ID - 1838 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LEHMANN, H. AU - KLINKOWSKI, M. PY - 1942 SP - 1-78 ST - Zur Pathologie der Luzerne. 1. Die schädlichen Rüsselkäfer (Curculionidae) T2 - Entomologische Beihefte aus Berlin-Dahlem TI - Zur Pathologie der Luzerne. 1. Die schädlichen Rüsselkäfer (Curculionidae) VL - 9 ID - 1839 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC01452364 AU - Leibundgut, Hans CY - Bern [u.a.] KW - Nat=EF=BF=BDrliche Verj=EF=BF=BDngung BOK50 Nat=EF=BF=BDrliche Verj=EF=BF=BDngung N1 - Literaturangaben UBBW Hauptbibl. Lesesaal I-43151/2.Aufl. Nicht entlehnb. UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,1 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,10 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,11 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,12 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,13 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,14 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,15 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,2 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,3 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,4 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,5 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,6 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,7 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,8 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.41-2/2A,9 = Entlehnbar PB - Haupt PY - 1984 SN - 3-258-03415-X SP - 115 S. ST - Die natürliche Waldverjüngung TI - Die natürliche Waldverjüngung VL - 2 ID - 1840 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Leibundgut, Hans IS - 2 PY - 1992 SP - 91 - 118 ST - Die europäische Lärche (Larix decidua Mill.) Beiträge zur Unterscheidung ihrer Herkünfte und Verwendung als Gastbaumart T2 - Schweizer Zeitschrift für Forstwesen TI - Die europäische Lärche (Larix decidua Mill.) Beiträge zur Unterscheidung ihrer Herkünfte und Verwendung als Gastbaumart VL - 143 ID - 1841 ER - TY - JOUR AB - It is widely believed that increases in ambient temperature due to global climatic change will decrease the organic matter content of soils and increase the emission of greenhouse gases from them. These effects, which are due to stimulation of the decomposition of fresh and humified organic matter, are predicted to be most pronounced in temperate regions between the 40th and 70th parallels. To investigate the possible implications of this for organic matter mineralization in soils of Galicia (northwest Spain, north of the 40th parallel), in this work samples of O and Ah layers taken at various times of the year (to account for seasonal effects) were subjected to incubation experiments. The results indicate that the effects of soil temperature and moisture content on C- and N-mineralization can be modelled by simple equations, the equation for CO2 evolved being more reliable than that for N-mineralized. The effects of interactions between soil moisture and temperature on the mineralization of organic matter were also modelled, using multiple regression to fit an equation including a term for their product to the results. The equation for N-mineralized explained 30–40% of the variance in this parameter, while that for CO2 evolved explained almost 80% of its variance. The latter equation allowed prediction of the effects of climatic change on respiration processes. AU - Leirós, M. C. AU - Trasar-Cepeda, C. AU - Seoane, S. AU - Gil-Sotres, F. IS - 3 N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0038-0717(98)00129-1 PY - 1999 SN - 0038-0717 SP - 327-335 ST - Dependence of mineralization of soil organic matter on temperature and moisture T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry TI - Dependence of mineralization of soil organic matter on temperature and moisture UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071798001291 VL - 31 ID - 1842 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - UMWELT, DEUTSCHE BUNDESSTIFTUNG AU - G., LEITHOLD AU - K.-J., HÜLSBERGEN AU - D., MICHEL AU - H., SCHÖNMEIER CY - Osnabrück PB - Zeller Verlag PY - 1997 SP - 43-54 ST - Humusbilanzierung - Methoden und Anwendung als Agrar-Umweltindikator T2 - Umweltverträgliche Pflanzenproduktion – Indikatoren, Bilanzierungsansätzt und ihre Einbindung in Ökobilanzen. Initiativen zum Umweltschutz 5 TI - Humusbilanzierung - Methoden und Anwendung als Agrar-Umweltindikator ID - 1843 ER - TY - CONF AU - Lemmelä, R. AU - N AU - Helenius CY - University of Technology, Finland, Helsinki LB - lemm98 PY - 1998 ST - Proceedings of zthe 2nd International Conference on Climate and Waters, Espoo TI - Proceedings of zthe 2nd International Conference on Climate and Waters, Espoo ID - 1844 ER - TY - CONF AU - Lemmelä, R. AU - N. AU - Helenius CY - University of Technology, Finland, Helsinki LB - lemm98 PY - 1998 ST - Proceedings of zthe 2nd International Conference on Climate and Waters, Espoo TI - Proceedings of zthe 2nd International Conference on Climate and Waters, Espoo ID - 1845 ER - TY - THES AU - LENZHÖLZER, S. PB - Wageningen PY - 2010 ST - „Designing Atmospheres – Research and Design for Thermal Comfort in Dutch Urban Squares” TI - „Designing Atmospheres – Research and Design for Thermal Comfort in Dutch Urban Squares” VL - PhD ID - 1846 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Leo, Breiman DO - 10.1023/a:1010933404324 IS - 1 N1 - 570182 PY - 2001 SN - 0885-6125 SP - 5-32 ST - Random Forests T2 - Mach. Learn. TI - Random Forests VL - 45 ID - 1847 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Leser, H. CY - Braunschweig PB - Westermann PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-14-160369-9 ST - Geomorphologie T2 - Das geographische Seminar TI - Geomorphologie VL - 9. Aufl. ID - 1848 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Levine, J. M. AU - C.M, D. LB - levi03 PY - 2003 SP - 322-326 ST - Forecasting biological invasions with increasing international trade T2 - Conserv. Biol. TI - Forecasting biological invasions with increasing international trade VL - 17 ID - 1849 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Levine, J.M. AU - C.M., D.` LB - levi03 PY - 2003 SP - 322-326 ST - Forecasting biological invasions with increasing international trade T2 - Conserv. Biol. TI - Forecasting biological invasions with increasing international trade VL - 17 ID - 1850 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Mating system and genetic diversity were investigated in natural populations of European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) located at the upper limits of the species ranges in the Italian Alps. Multilocus estimates of outcrossed progeny (t(m)) were relatively low in both populations (t(m) = 0.675 for larch and 0.808 for stone pine), indicating that self-fertilization is an important component of their mating system. Mean single-locus estimates of t differed only slightly from t(m) suggesting that there was a little inbreeding other than selfing, despite expected clustering of family members in those stands. The genetic structure of adult trees was consistent with the high levels of genetic diversity typically observed within populations of conifer species. AD - Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-62-035 Kornik, Poland AU - Lewandowski, A. AU - Burczyk, J. DO - Cited By (since 1996) 9 Export Date 21 June 2011 Source Scopus IS - 3 KW - Allozymes Genetic diversity Larix decidua Mixed-mating model Outcrossing Pinus cembra PY - 2000 SP - 158-161 ST - Mating system and genetic diversity in natural populations of European larch (Larix decidua) and stone pine (Pinus cembra) located at higher elevations T2 - Silvae Genetica TI - Mating system and genetic diversity in natural populations of European larch (Larix decidua) and stone pine (Pinus cembra) located at higher elevations UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034531732&partnerID=40&md5=f8c46e72d12ddbe078724ee0789bdd9b VL - 49 ID - 1851 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Debris flows are an important hazard in mountain environments. They have characteristic features, and may extend from periglacial zones to valley floors where they can cause disruption and devastation. Alpine debris flows have increasingly become the focus of geomorphological study. On 20 and 21 July 1992 debris flows in the Swiss Val Ferret destroyed several bridges and blocked the main road. The events occurred after two weeks of prolonged precipitation and two nights of very heavy rainfall. Contrasts in geology, and the morphology of the production, transport and storage zones appear to control the distribution of these debris flows. On the right bank where the slope profile is concave and the rock type is dominantly schist there were four major debris flows whilst on the left bank, where slopes are convex and granites dominate, only one flow was observed. In Val Ferret debris flows are expected annually and the community is well-adjusted to the hazard. Hazard management is event-based and relies on simple structural measures and a verbal/telephone warning system. AU - LEWIN, J. & WARBURTON, J. IS - 2 PY - 1994 SP - 98-107 ST - Debris flow in an alpine environment T2 - Geog. J. Geog. Assoc. TI - Debris flow in an alpine environment VL - 79 ID - 1852 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Lewis, T. CY - UK PB - Wallingford PY - 1997 ST - Thrips as Crop Pests, Wallingford, UK TI - Thrips as Crop Pests ID - 1853 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The basal temperature of snow (BTS) method was used to predict the distribution of permafrost within a mountainous basin located in the southern Yukon Territory. A modelled BTS surface, based on several hundred measured values, was created within a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment using elevation and potential incoming solar radiation as independent variables. The distribution of frozen ground at 200 test sites was compared to the modelled BTS values using logistic regression. The resultant map of permafrost probability shows that all four conventional permafrost distribution classes (isolated patches, scattered and widespread discontinuous permafrost, and continuous permafrost) are present within the basin. Supplementary logistic regression analyses reveal that at certain elevations and aspects, the probability of permafrost occurrence varies markedly over short distances in response to snowpack depth. They also show that widespread alterations in snow cover would be expected to substantially affect permafrost distribution even if air temperatures were to remain unchanged. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AU - Lewkowicz, Antoni G. AU - Ednie, Mark DO - 10.1002/ppp.480 IS - 1 KW - permafrost modelling climate change BTS mountain permafrost PY - 2004 SN - 1099-1530 SP - 67-80 ST - Probability mapping of mountain permafrost using the BTS method, Wolf Creek, Yukon Territory, Canada T2 - Permafrost and Periglacial Processes TI - Probability mapping of mountain permafrost using the BTS method, Wolf Creek, Yukon Territory, Canada UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppp.480 VL - 15 ID - 1854 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In a spatially explicit climate change impact assessment the modified patch model PICUS v1.2 was applied to simulate the transient response of current forests in Austria under three climate change scenarios which were based on regionalized GCM-scenario data. The forest model was initialized with ground-true stand and soil data from more than 2800 sample plots of the Austrian Forest Inventory (AFI). A comparison of simulated equilibrium species composition under current climate and expert reconstructions of PNV at the sample plots of AFI showed that the model responded realistically to the spatial variability of soil and climate characteristics. In deriving potential climate change impacts the simulation under current climate was used as a reference. Impact criteria representing the period 2000–2050 and long-term criteria derived from simulated site-specific potential natural vegetation (PNV) were used in a multiple-criteria approach to calculate short-/mid-term as well as long-term climate change impact indices. The study showed that neither transient short-/mid-term nor long-term PNV-based indices alone are sufficient to indicate the possible consequences of climate change on existing forests. Based on the results of the study the combined use of such climate change impact indices is recommended. A major finding was that beyond a temperature increase of approximately +1 °C (no changes in precipitation) the proportion of inventory plots showing severe climate change impacts increased markedly. While at higher elevations under warmer climates the set of suitable tree species increased due to increased competitivity of broadleaved species, the study suggests that under the set of analysed climate change scenarios at low-elevation sites Picea abies would become unsuitable as a crop species. Limitations of the presented approach are discussed and conclusions regarding possible consequences for forest management are drawn. AU - Lexer, M. J. AU - Hönninger, K. AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Matulla, Ch AU - Groll, N. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Schadauer, K. AU - Starlinger, F. AU - Englisch, M. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00050-6 IS - 1 KW - Climate change Patch model Forest inventory Risk assessment Transient response Potential natural vegetation PY - 2002 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 53-72 ST - The sensitivity of Austrian forests to scenarios of climatic change: a large-scale risk assessment based on a modified gap model and forest inventory data T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - The sensitivity of Austrian forests to scenarios of climatic change: a large-scale risk assessment based on a modified gap model and forest inventory data UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112702000506 VL - 162 ID - 1855 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lexer, M. J. AU - Hönninger AU - K AU - Scheifinger AU - H AU - Matulla AU - Ch AU - Groll AU - N AU - Kromp, Kolb AU - H AU - Schadauer AU - K AU - Starlinger AU - F AU - Englisch AU - M LB - lexe02 PY - 2002 SP - 53-72 ST - The sensitivity of Austrian forests to scenarios of climate change: a large-scale risk assessment based on a modified gap model and forest inventory data T2 - For. Ecol. Manage. TI - The sensitivity of Austrian forests to scenarios of climate change: a large-scale risk assessment based on a modified gap model and forest inventory data VL - 16 ID - 1856 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lexer, M. J. AU - K, Höninger AU - H, Scheifinger AU - C, Matulla AU - N, Groll AU - H, Kromp-Kolb LB - lexe00 PY - 2000 SP - 113-129 ST - The sensitivity of central european mountain forests to scenarios of climate change: methodological frame for a large-scale risk assessment T2 - Siva Fennica TI - The sensitivity of central european mountain forests to scenarios of climate change: methodological frame for a large-scale risk assessment VL - 34 ID - 1857 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - Lexer, M., & Seidl, R. PB - Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt- und Wasserwirtschaft PY - 2007 ST - Der österreichische Wald im Klimawandel–Auswirkungen auf die Waldbewirtschaftung T2 - Ländlicher Raum - Online-Fachzeitschrift des Bundesministeriums für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt- und Wasserwirtschaft TI - Der österreichische Wald im Klimawandel–Auswirkungen auf die Waldbewirtschaftung ID - 1858 ER - TY - THES AU - Lexer, M.J. CY - Vienna PB - University of Natu-ral Resource Management and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU) PY - 1995 SP - 210 ST - Beziehungen zwischen der Anfälligkeit von Fichtenbeständen (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) für Borkenkäferschäden und Standorts- und Bestandesmerkmalen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Wasserversorgung TI - Beziehungen zwischen der Anfälligkeit von Fichtenbeständen (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) für Borkenkäferschäden und Standorts- und Bestandesmerkmalen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Wasserversorgung ID - 1859 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lexer, M.J. AU - Hönninger AU - K. AU - Scheifinger AU - H. AU - Matulla AU - Ch. AU - Groll AU - N. AU - Kromp-Kolb AU - Schadauer AU - Starlinger AU - F. AU - Englisch AU - M. LB - lexe02 PY - 2002 SP - 53-72 ST - The sensitivity of Austrian forests to scenarios of climate change: a large-scale risk assessment based on a modified gap model and forest inventory data T2 - For. Ecol. Manage. TI - The sensitivity of Austrian forests to scenarios of climate change: a large-scale risk assessment based on a modified gap model and forest inventory data VL - 16 ID - 1860 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Lexer, Manfred J. AU - Hönninger, K. AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Matulla, C. AU - Groll, N. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Schaudauer, K. AU - Starlinger, F. AU - Englisch, M. CY - Spittelauer Lände 5, A-1090 Wien, Austria LB - lexer2001 N1 - manfred hat im text teile beim downscaling, die ich reklamiert habe vergessen rauszunehmen zb. spricht er vom downscaling von transienten laeufen -- das wollte ich, nach ruecksprache mit m.widmann, nicht PB - Umweltbundesamt/Federal Environment Agency--Austria PY - 2001 SP - 132 ST - The sensitivity of the Austrian forests to scenarios of climatic change. A large-scale risk assessment T2 - Monographien TI - The sensitivity of the Austrian forests to scenarios of climatic change. A large-scale risk assessment VL - 132 ID - 1861 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lexer, Manfred J. AU - Hönninger, K. AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Matulla, C. AU - Groll, N. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Schaudauer, K. AU - Starlinger, F. AU - Englisch, M. LB - lexer2002a PY - 2002 SP - 53--72 ST - The sensitivity of Austrian forests to scenarios of climate change: a large-scale risk assesment based on a modified gap model and forest inventory data T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - The sensitivity of Austrian forests to scenarios of climate change: a large-scale risk assesment based on a modified gap model and forest inventory data VL - 162 ID - 1862 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lexer, Manfred J. AU - Hönninger, Karl IS - 1-2 LB - lexe1998a PY - 1998 SP - 383-387 ST - Defining the physiological amplitude of Alpine tree species using the combined network of forest inventory data, soil and meteorological data T2 - Ecologie TI - Defining the physiological amplitude of Alpine tree species using the combined network of forest inventory data, soil and meteorological data VL - 29 ID - 1863 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Based on a comprehensive review of gap models (patch models sensu Shugart) the newly developed model PICUS v1.2 is described. Proceeding from the fact that most existing patch models have proven to generate reliable results with respect to species compositions at regional scales, PICUS v1.2 is intended to provide spatially explicit site-specific decision support to forest resource managers regarding long-term vegetation development in heterogeneous alpine landscapes. The model is based on a 3D-core structure which allows the spatially explicit simultaneous simulation of several hectares of multiple species forests. Special emphasis is given to (i) the implementation of a light model for both direct and diffuse radiation, (ii) to the modification of the temperature and soil moisture response functions, which have been parameterised based on the combined network of large-scale forest inventory data and meteorological data, and (iii) the development of a fuzzy logic control unit to model the effect of site nutrient status on vegetation development. As a first test PICUS v1.2 is applied to simulate equilibrium species composition spatially explicit in heterogeneous alpine landscapes at sample plots of the Austrian Forest Soil Survey along a transect through the Eastern Alps. AU - Lexer, Manfred J. AU - Hönninger, Karl IS - 1-3 KW - Patch model Spatially explicit modelling Light model Fuzzy set theory Species composition N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00386-8 PY - 2001 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 43-65 ST - A modified 3D-patch model for spatially explicit simulation of vegetation composition in heterogeneous landscapes T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - A modified 3D-patch model for spatially explicit simulation of vegetation composition in heterogeneous landscapes UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112700003868 VL - 144 ID - 1864 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Lexer, Manfred J. AU - Hönninger, Karl AU - Scheifinger, Helfried LB - lexe1998ab PB - Institut für Waldbau, Institut für Meteorologie und Physik PY - 1998 ST - Das Adaptionspotential österreichischer Wälder unter Klimaänderungsszenarien TI - Das Adaptionspotential österreichischer Wälder unter Klimaänderungsszenarien ID - 1865 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lexer, Manfred J. AU - Hönninger, Karl AU - Scheifinger, Helfried AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - Groll, Nikolaus AU - Kromp-Kolb, Helga IS - 2 LB - lexer1900 PY - 2000 SP - 113-129 ST - The sensitivity of Central European mountain forests to scenarios of climatic change: Methodological frame for a large-scale risk assessment T2 - Silva Fennica TI - The sensitivity of Central European mountain forests to scenarios of climatic change: Methodological frame for a large-scale risk assessment VL - 34 ID - 1866 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Besides protected areas multi-functionally managed forests play an important role in the effort to maintain biodiversity, particularly in areas of intensive historical and current land use. The integration of biodiversity issues under the umbrella of sustainable forest management (SFM) is thus vital to achieve conservation goals. A major challenge for SFM is climate change, and science-based assessment and decision support frameworks are required to address climatic uncertainties in management planning. In this contribution we address issues of biodiversity in the context of a climate change vulnerability assessment framework for 164,550 ha of mountain forests managed by the Austrian Federal Forests (AFF). The principal tools applied to study climate–forest–management interactions and their implications for the multiple objectives of SFM were the ecosystem model PICUS v1.4, multi-criteria analysis and a stakeholder dialogue with the AFF. With this study framework as an example, our objective was to highlight the role of biodiversity within climate change vulnerability assessment of SFM. We found only limited climate sensitivity of SFM biodiversity indicators, compared to production-oriented aspects, as a result of strong management-mediated controls on forest structure and composition. Consequently, overall SFM climate vulnerability was decreasing in the assessment framework with increasing preference weight on biodiversity. However, the role and effect of biodiversity within the multi-indicator assessment framework differed strongly over elevation belts. Our analysis highlights (i) the importance of a realistic consideration of management in assessing biodiversity under SFM; (ii) the need for a concise definition of goals and thresholds for biodiversity conservation in managed forests; (iii) the importance of the local context in defining and interpreting indicators; and (iv) the relevance of an integrated assessment of dynamically interacting processes and indicators, such as disturbances, management and biodiversity. AU - Lexer, Manfred J. AU - Seidl, Rupert IS - 0 KW - Climatic change Vulnerability surface Sustainable forest management Biodiversity conservation PICUS Multi-criteria analysis N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.07.011 PY - 2009 SN - 0378-1127 SP - S158-S167 ST - Addressing biodiversity in a stakeholder-driven climate change vulnerability assessment of forest management T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Addressing biodiversity in a stakeholder-driven climate change vulnerability assessment of forest management UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112709004800 VL - 258, Supplement ID - 1867 ER - TY - GEN AU - LfL CY - München PB - Bayerische Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft (LfL) Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten PY - 2009 ST - Agrarmärkte 2008 - Unterlagen für Unterricht und Beratung in Baden- Württemberg TI - Agrarmärkte 2008 - Unterlagen für Unterricht und Beratung in Baden- Württemberg ID - 1868 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To predict emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) from forest soils, we have developed a process-oriented model by integrating several new features with three existing models, PnET, Denitrification-Decomposition (DNDC), and a nitrification model. In the new model, two components were established to predict (1) the effects of ecological drivers (e.g., climate, soil, vegetation, and anthropogenic activity) on soil environmental factors (e.g., temperature, moisture, pH, redox potential, and substrates concentrations), and (2) effects of the soil environmental factors on the biochemical or geochemical reactions which govern NO and N2O production and consumption. The first component consists of three submodels for predicting soil climate, forest growth, and turnover of soil organic matter. The second component contains two submodels for nitrification and denitrification. A kinetic scheme, a so-called “anaerobic balloon,” was developed to calculate the anaerobic status of the soil and divide the soil into aerobic and anaerobic fractions. Nitrification is only allowed to occur in the aerobic fraction, while denitrification occurs only in the anaerobic fraction. The size of the anaerobic balloon is defined by the simulated oxygen partial pressure which is calculated based on oxygen diffusion and consumption rates in the soil. As the balloon swells or shrinks, the model dynamically allocates substrates (e.g., dissolved organic carbon, ammonium, nitrate, etc.) into the aerobic and anaerobic fractions. With this approach, the model is able to predict both nitrification and denitrification in the same soil at the same time. This feature is important for soils where aerobic and anaerobic microsites often exist simultaneously. With the kinetic framework as well as its interacting functions, the PnET-N-DNDC model links ecological drivers to trace gas emissions. Tests for validating the new model are published in a companion paper [Stange et al., this issue]. AU - Li, Changsheng AU - Aber, John AU - Stange, Florian AU - Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus AU - Papen, Hans DO - 10.1029/1999JD900949 IS - D4 PY - 2000 SN - 0148-0227 SP - 4369-4384 ST - A process-oriented model of N2O and NO emissions from forest soils: 1. Model development T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - A process-oriented model of N2O and NO emissions from forest soils: 1. Model development UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900949 VL - 105 ID - 1869 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Lichtenecker, A. AU - Bassler, G. AU - Karrer, G. PY - 2003 SP - 49-84 ST - Klassifikation der Wirtschaftswiesen (Fettwiesen der Arrhenatheretalia) im Zentralraum des Waldviertels T2 - Wiss. Mitt. Niederösterr. Landesmuseum TI - Klassifikation der Wirtschaftswiesen (Fettwiesen der Arrhenatheretalia) im Zentralraum des Waldviertels VL - 15 ID - 1870 ER - TY - CONF AU - Lieb, G.K. CY - Yellowknife, Canada PY - 1998 SP - 663-668 ST - High-mountain permafrost in the Austrian Alps (Europe) T2 - 7th International Conference on Permafrost TI - High-mountain permafrost in the Austrian Alps (Europe) ID - 1871 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Lieb, G.K. PY - 2007 SP - 79-94 ST - Vom Klimawandel beeinflusste Naturprozesse im Hochgebirge als potenzielle Gefahren für Freizeitaktivitäten – qualitative Überlegungen mit Beispielen aus den Hohen Tauern T2 - Geographischer Jahresbericht aus Österreich LXII/LXIII TI - Vom Klimawandel beeinflusste Naturprozesse im Hochgebirge als potenzielle Gefahren für Freizeitaktivitäten – qualitative Überlegungen mit Beispielen aus den Hohen Tauern ID - 1872 ER - TY - CONF AU - Lieb, G.K. AU - Kellerer-Pirklbauer, A. AU - Avian, M. CY - Innsbruck PB - Innsbruck University Press PY - 2007 SP - 137-144 ST - Preliminary Map of Geomorphological Hazards caused by Climate Change in the Großglockner Mountains (Austria) T2 - Geomorphology for the Future TI - Preliminary Map of Geomorphological Hazards caused by Climate Change in the Großglockner Mountains (Austria) ID - 1873 ER - TY - BOOK AU - LIEBHARD, P. CY - Graz [u.a.] N1 - Peter Liebhard zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. PB - Stocker PY - 2007 SN - 978-3-7020-1150-5 kart. : EUR 18,00 ; CHF 31,90 SP - 123 S. ST - Energieholz im Kurzumtrieb Rohstoff der Zukunft TI - Energieholz im Kurzumtrieb Rohstoff der Zukunft UR - http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2893700&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm ID - 1874 ER - TY - WEB AU - LIEBHARD, P. M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2007 ST - Gras das wärmt TI - Gras das wärmt UR - http://www.bio-austria.at ID - 1875 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Liebhard, P. AU - Bodner, G. PY - 2005 ST - Expertise zur Wirksamwerdung der Begrünung von Ackerflä- chen im Herbst und Winter im Rahmen der ÖPUL-Förderung 2000 auf Nitratverlagerung und Grundwasserqualität unter unterschiedlichen hydrologischen, bodenkundlichen und pflanzenbaulichen Rahmenbedingungen in Österreich T2 - Expertise im Auftrag des BML- FUW TI - Expertise zur Wirksamwerdung der Begrünung von Ackerflä- chen im Herbst und Winter im Rahmen der ÖPUL-Förderung 2000 auf Nitratverlagerung und Grundwasserqualität unter unterschiedlichen hydrologischen, bodenkundlichen und pflanzenbaulichen Rahmenbedingungen in Österreich ID - 3356 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 474 AU - Liebhard, P. AU - Schmid, E. AU - Sinabell, F. IS - 1 KW - agri-environmental EPIC PY - 2004 SP - 1 ST - Effects of Reduced Tillage Systems and Cover Crops on Sugar Beet Yield and Quality, Ground Water Recharge and Nitrogen Leaching in the Pannonic Region Marchfeld, Austria T2 - Pflanzenbauwissenschaften TI - Effects of Reduced Tillage Systems and Cover Crops on Sugar Beet Yield and Quality, Ground Water Recharge and Nitrogen Leaching in the Pannonic Region Marchfeld, Austria VL - 8 ID - 1876 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The inclusion of cover crops during fallow (i.e., green fallow) may mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from dryland cropping systems. An investigation was conducted to quantify the effects of chemical and green fallow on soil organic C (SOC) and CO2, CH4, and N2O flux within spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–fallow (chemical fallow) and spring wheat–safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)–rye (Secale cereale L.) (green fallow) under no-till management in west-central North Dakota. Using static chamber methodology, flux measurements were made during 19 mo of the fallow period of each cropping system. Soil samples collected before initiation of flux measurements indicated no difference in SOC in the surface 10 cm between cropping systems. Additionally, differences in gas flux between cropping systems were few. Emission of CO2 was greater under green fallow than chemical fallow during spring thaw until the termination of rye (P = 0.0071). Uptake of atmospheric CH4 was the dominant exchange process during the evaluation period, and was significantly (P = 0.0124) greater under chemical fallow (–2.7 g CH4–C ha–1 d–1) than green fallow (–1.5 g CH4–C ha–1 d–1) following the termination of rye. Cumulative fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O did not differ between the chemical- and green-fallow phases during the 19-mo period (P = 0.1293, 0.2629, and 0.9979, respectively). The results from this evaluation suggest there was no net GHG benefit from incorporating a rye cover crop during the fallow phase of a dryland cropping system under no-till management. AU - Liebig, M.A. AU - Tanaka, D.L. AU - Gross, J.R. IS - 2 KW - Triticum aestivum , spring wheat , grain crops , Carthamus tinctorius , safflower seed products , oil crops , Secale cereale , rye , cover crops , fallow , green manures , greenhouse gases , gas emissions , dryland farming , soil organic carbon , carbon dioxide , methane , nitrous oxide , temporal variation , gas exchange , no-tillage , North Dakota N1 - In the special section: Soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation / edited by Ronald F. Follett PY - 2010 SP - 358-365 ST - Fallow Effects on Soil Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Flux in Central North Dakota T2 - Soil Science Society of America journal TI - Fallow Effects on Soil Carbon and Greenhouse Gas Flux in Central North Dakota UR - http://handle.nal.usda.gov/10113/41303 VL - 74 ID - 3357 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Liira, Jaan AU - Schmidt, Torsten AU - Aavik, Tsipe AU - Arens, Paul AU - Augenstein, Isabel AU - Bailey, Debra AU - Billeter, Regula AU - Bukáček, Roman AU - Burel, Françoise AU - De Blust, Geert AU - De Cock, Raphaël AU - Dirksen, Jolanda AU - Edwards, Peter J. AU - Hamerský, Roman AU - Herzog, Felix AU - Klotz, Stefan AU - Kühn, Ingolf AU - Le Coeur, Didier AU - Miklová, Pavlina AU - Roubalova, Martina AU - Schweiger, Oliver AU - Smulders, Marinus J. M. AU - van Wingerden, Walter K. R. E. AU - Bugter, Rob AU - Zobel, Martin DA - 2011/11/08 DO - doi 10.3170/2007-8-18308 10.3170/2007-8-18308 IS - 1 N1 - doi: 10.3170/2007-8-18308 PY - 2008 SN - 1100-9233 SP - 3-14 ST - Plant functional group composition and large-scale species richness in European agricultural landscapes T2 - Journal of Vegetation Science TI - Plant functional group composition and large-scale species richness in European agricultural landscapes UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3170/2007-8-18308 VL - 19 ID - 1877 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lillehammer, A. LB - lill87 PY - 1987 SP - 35-39 ST - Egg development of the stoneflies Siphonoperla burmeisteri (Chloroperlidae) and Dinocras cephalotes (Perlidae) T2 - Freshwater Biology TI - Egg development of the stoneflies Siphonoperla burmeisteri (Chloroperlidae) and Dinocras cephalotes (Perlidae) VL - 17 ID - 1878 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lillehammer, A. AU - Brittain AU - E, J. AU - Saltveit AU - J, S. AU - Nielsen AU - S, P. LB - lill89 PY - 1989 SP - 173-186 ST - Egg development, nymphal growth and life cycle strategies in Plecoptera T2 - Holarctic ecology TI - Egg development, nymphal growth and life cycle strategies in Plecoptera VL - 12 ID - 1879 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lillehammer, A. AU - Brittain AU - E., J. AU - Saltveit AU - J., S. AU - Nielsen AU - S., P. LB - lill89 PY - 1989 SP - 173-186 ST - Egg development, nymphal growth and life cycle strategies in Plecoptera T2 - Holarctic ecology TI - Egg development, nymphal growth and life cycle strategies in Plecoptera VL - 12 ID - 1880 ER - TY - BOOK AU - LimeSurvey M1 - 12.07.2011 PB - http://www.limesurvey.org/de/ueber-limesurvey/features ST - Features TI - Features ID - 1881 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LIN, C.H. AU - MCGRAW, R.L. AU - GEORGE, M.F. AU - GARRETT, H.E. PY - 1999 SE - 109 SP - 11 ST - Shade effects on forage crops with potential in temperate agroforestry practices.- T2 - Agroforestry Systems TI - Shade effects on forage crops with potential in temperate agroforestry practices.- VL - 44 ID - 1882 ER - TY - GEN AU - LINDENTHAL, T. CY - Wien PB - Zentrum für Globalen Wandel und Nachhaltigkeit, Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2010 ST - Nachhaltigkeit und Nachhaltige Entwicklung T2 - Unterlagen zur LV Mut zur Nachhaltigkeit TI - Nachhaltigkeit und Nachhaltige Entwicklung ID - 3530 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Menne, B. A2 - Ebi, K.L. AU - Lindgren, E. AU - Naucke, T. J. PB - Berlin Heidelberg New York: Springer PY - 2007 SP - 131-156 ST - Leishmaniasis: influences of climate and climate change epidemiology, ecology and adaptation measures. T2 - Climate change and adaptation strategies for human health TI - Leishmaniasis: influences of climate and climate change epidemiology, ecology and adaptation measures. ID - 1883 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Lindner, A. CY - Hamburg, Berlin PY - 1977 SP - 148 ST - Die Waldhühner. Hamburg, Berlin: Parey; 148 pp. TI - Die Waldhühner VL - Parey ID - 1884 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LINDNER, A. PY - 1977 SP - 148 pp. ST - Die Waldhühner. Hamburg, Berlin: Parey; 148 pp. TI - Die Waldhühner. Hamburg, Berlin: Parey; 148 pp ID - 1885 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lindner, M. AU - Bugmann, H. AU - Lasch, P. AU - Flechsig, M. AU - Cramer, W. LB - lindner1997 PY - 1997 SP - 123-135 ST - Regional impacts of climatic change on forests in the state of Brandenburg, Germany T2 - Agric. and For. Meteorol. TI - Regional impacts of climatic change on forests in the state of Brandenburg, Germany VL - 84 ID - 1886 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study compiles and summarizes the existing knowledge about observed and projected impacts of climate change on forests in Europe. Forests will have to adapt not only to changes in mean climate variables but also to increased variability with greater risk of extreme weather events, such as prolonged drought, storms and floods. Sensitivity, potential impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability to climate change are reviewed for European forests. The most important potential impacts of climate change on forest goods and services are summarized for the Boreal, Temperate Oceanic, Temperate Continental, Mediterranean, and mountainous regions. Especially in northern and western Europe the increasing atmospheric CO 2 content and warmer temperatures are expected to result in positive effects on forest growth and wood production, at least in the short-medium term. On the other hand, increasing drought and disturbance risks will cause adverse effects. These negative impacts are very likely to outweigh positive trends in southern and eastern Europe. From west to east, the drought risk increases. In the Mediterranean regions productivity is expected to decline due to strongly increased droughts and fire risks. Adaptive capacity consists of the inherent adaptive capacity of trees and forest ecosystems and of socio-economic factors determining the capability to implement planned adaptation. The adaptive capacity in the forest sector is relatively large in the Boreal and the Temperate Oceanic regions, more constrained by socio-economic factors in the Temperate Continental, and most limited in the Mediterranean region where large forest areas are only extensively managed or unmanaged. Potential impacts and risks are best studied and understood with respect to wood production. It is clear that all other goods and services provided by European forests will also be impacted by climate change, but much less knowledge is available to quantify these impacts. Understanding of adaptive capacity and regional vulnerability to climate change in European forests is not well developed and requires more focussed research efforts. An interdisciplinary research agenda integrated with monitoring networks and projection models is needed to provide information at all levels of decision making, from policy development to the management unit. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - European Forest Institute (EFI), Torikatu 34, 80100 Joensuu, Finland Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Peter Jordan Strasse 82, 1190 Wien, Austria Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, BOKU, Vienna, Austria INRA - UMR Biodiversité Gènes et Communautés, Equipe de Génétique, France Italian Academy of Forest Sciences, Italy Lindner, M. European Forest Institute (EFI), Torikatu 34, 80100 Joensuu, Finland email: marcus.lindner@efi.int AU - Lindner, M. AU - Maroschek, M. AU - Netherer, S. AU - Kremer, A. AU - Barbati, A. AU - Garcia-Gonzalo, J. AU - Seidl, R. AU - Delzon, S. AU - Corona, P. AU - Kolström, M. AU - Lexer, M. J. AU - Marchetti, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.023 IS - 4 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Adaptive capacity Climate change impacts Forestry Regional differences Vulnerability Adverse effect Atmospheric CO Climate change impact Climate variables Eastern Europe European forests Extreme weather events Fire risks Forest area Forest ecosystem Forest goods Forest growth Forest sectors Interdisciplinary research Management unit Mediterranean region Medium term Monitoring network Mountainous regions Negative impacts Oceanic regions Policy development Positive effects Potential impacts Projection models Research efforts Socio-economic factor Western Europe Wood production Drought Ecosystems Research and development management Timber Wood products Climate change adaptation carbon dioxide climate change climate effect decision making disturbance drought stress forest ecosystem forestry production interdisciplinary approach policy development regional pattern socioeconomic conditions vulnerability Carbon Dioxide Decision Making Europe Forests Meteorology Seasonal Variation LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 95 CODEN: FECMD References: Adger, W.N., Agrawala, S., Mirza, M.M.Q., Conde, C., O'Brien, K., Pulhin, J., Pulwarty, R., Takahashi, K., Assessment of adaptation practices, options, constraints and capacity (2007) Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. 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Forests will have to adapt not only to changes in mean climate variables but also to increased variability with greater risk of extreme weather events, such as prolonged drought, storms and floods. Sensitivity, potential impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability to climate change are reviewed for European forests. The most important potential impacts of climate change on forest goods and services are summarized for the Boreal, Temperate Oceanic, Temperate Continental, Mediterranean, and mountainous regions. Especially in northern and western Europe the increasing atmospheric CO 2 content and warmer temperatures are expected to result in positive effects on forest growth and wood production, at least in the short-medium term. On the other hand, increasing drought and disturbance risks will cause adverse effects. These negative impacts are very likely to outweigh positive trends in southern and eastern Europe. From west to east, the drought risk increases. In the Mediterranean regions productivity is expected to decline due to strongly increased droughts and fire risks. Adaptive capacity consists of the inherent adaptive capacity of trees and forest ecosystems and of socio-economic factors determining the capability to implement planned adaptation. The adaptive capacity in the forest sector is relatively large in the Boreal and the Temperate Oceanic regions, more constrained by socio-economic factors in the Temperate Continental, and most limited in the Mediterranean region where large forest areas are only extensively managed or unmanaged. Potential impacts and risks are best studied and understood with respect to wood production. It is clear that all other goods and services provided by European forests will also be impacted by climate change, but much less knowledge is available to quantify these impacts. Understanding of adaptive capacity and regional vulnerability to climate change in European forests is not well developed and requires more focussed research efforts. An interdisciplinary research agenda integrated with monitoring networks and projection models is needed to provide information at all levels of decision making, from policy development to the management unit. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - European Forest Institute (EFI), Torikatu 34, 80100 Joensuu, Finland Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU) Vienna, Peter Jordan Strasse 82, 1190 Wien, Austria Institute of Forest Entomology, Forest Pathology and Forest Protection, BOKU, Vienna, Austria INRA - UMR Biodiversité Gènes et Communautés, Equipe de Génétique, France Italian Academy of Forest Sciences, Italy Lindner, M. European Forest Institute (EFI), Torikatu 34, 80100 Joensuu, Finland email: marcus.lindner@efi.int AU - Lindner, M. AU - Maroschek, M. AU - Netherer, S. AU - Kremer, A. AU - Barbati, A. AU - Garcia-Gonzalo, J. AU - Seidl, R. AU - Delzon, S. AU - Corona, P. AU - Kolström, M. AU - Lexer, M. J. AU - Marchetti, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.09.023 IS - 4 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Adaptive capacity Climate change impacts Forestry Regional differences Vulnerability Adverse effect Atmospheric CO Climate change impact Climate variables Eastern Europe European forests Extreme weather events Fire risks Forest area Forest ecosystem Forest goods Forest growth Forest sectors Interdisciplinary research Management unit Mediterranean region Medium term Monitoring network Mountainous regions Negative impacts Oceanic regions Policy development Positive effects Potential impacts Projection models Research efforts Socio-economic factor Western Europe Wood production Drought Ecosystems Research and development management Timber Wood products Climate change adaptation carbon dioxide climate change climate effect decision making disturbance drought stress forest ecosystem forestry production interdisciplinary approach policy development regional pattern socioeconomic conditions vulnerability Carbon Dioxide Decision Making Europe Forests Meteorology Seasonal Variation LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):164 CODEN: FECMD References: Adger, W.N., Agrawala, S., Mirza, M.M.Q., Conde, C., O'Brien, K., Pulhin, J., Pulwarty, R., Takahashi, K., Assessment of adaptation practices, options, constraints and capacity (2007) Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. 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Forest fires have so far been considered as the most important disturbance but also other forms of disturbance such as insect outbreaks or wind-throw might contribute significantly to the largely unexplained inter-annual variability, at least in specific regions. The effect of wind-throw has not yet been estimated because of lack of data on how carbon fluxes are affected. The Gudrun storm, which hit Sweden in January 2005, resulted in ca. 66 million m3 of wind-thrown stem wood on an area of ca. 272000 ha. Using a model (BIOME-BGC) calibrated to CO2 flux measurements at two sites, the annual net ecosystem productivity during the first year after the storm was estimated to be in the range -897 to -1259 g Cm-2 yr-1. This is a much higher loss compared with harvested (clear-cut) forests in Europe, which ranged between ca. -420 and -100 gm-2 yr-1. The reduction in the carbon sink scaled to the whole wind-thrown area was estimated at ca. 3 milliontons C during the first year. By historical data on wind-throw in Europe combined with modelling, we estimated that the large Lothar storm in 1999 reduced the European carbon balance by ca. 16 milliontons C, this is ca. 30% of the net biome production in Europe. We conclude that the impact of increased forest damage by more frequent storms in future climate change scenarios must be considered and that intermittent large wind-throw events may explain a part of the large inter-annual variability in the terrestrial carbon sink. © 2008 The Authors Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing. AD - Geobiosphere Science Centre, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis, Lund University, Lund, Sweden Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Göteborg University, Gothenburg, Sweden Asa Experimental Forest and Research Station, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lammhult, Sweden Lindroth, A. Geobiosphere Science Centre, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis, Lund University, Lund, Sweden email: anders.lindroth@nateko.lu.se AU - Lindroth, A. AU - Lagergren, F. AU - Grelle, A. AU - Klemedtsson, L. AU - Langvall, O. AU - Weslien, P. AU - Tuulik, J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01719.x IS - 2 J2 - Global Change Biol. KW - Carbon balance Eddy covariance Gudrun Modelling Net ecosystem production Respiration Sweden Wind-throw annual variation carbon budget carbon dioxide carbon sink climate change climate effect eddy covariance environmental disturbance forest cover forest fire net ecosystem production storm Eurasia Europe Northern Europe Scandinavia Hexapoda LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):45 References: Alexandersson, H., Ivarsson, K.I., (2005) Januaristormen 2005, , SMHI Norrköping; Amiro, B.D., Chen, J.M., Liu, J., Net primary productivity following forest fire for Canadian ecoregions (2000) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30, pp. 939-947; Aubinet, M., Grelle, A., Ibrom, A., Estimates of the annual net carbon and water exchange of forests: The EUROFLUX methodology (2000) Advances in Ecological Research, 30, pp. 113-175; Bousquet, P., Peylin, P., Ciais, P., Le Quere, C., Friedlingstein, P., Tans, P.P., Regional changes in carbon dioxide fluxes of land and oceans since 1980 (2000) Science, 290, pp. 1342-1346; Chambers, J.Q., Fisher, J.I., Zeng, H., Chapman, E.L., Baker, D.B., Hurtt, G.C., Hurricane Katrina's carbon footprint on U.S. gulf coast forests (2008) Science, 318, p. 1107; Chen, J., Chen, W., Liu, J., Chilar, J., Gray, S., Annual carbon balance of Canada's forests during 1895-1996 (2000) Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 14, pp. 839-849; Dong, J., Kaufmann, R.K., Myneni, R.B., Remote sensing estimates of boreal and temperate forest woody biomass: Carbon pools, sources and sinks (2003) Remote Sensing of Environment, 84, pp. 393-410; Goward, S.N., Masek, J.G., Cohen, W., Forest disturbance and North American carbon flux (2008) EOS Transactions, 89, pp. 105-116; Grelle, A., Lindroth, A., Eddy-correlation system for long-term monitoring of fluxes of heat, water vapour and CO2 (1996) Global Change Biology, 2, pp. 297-307; Hägglund, B., Lundmark, J.E., Site index estimation by means of site properties: Scots pine and Norway spruce in Sweden (1977) Studia Forestalia Suecica, 138, pp. 1-38; Kauppi, P.E., Tomppo, E., Impact of forests on net national emissions of carbon-dioxide in West Europe (1993) Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 70, pp. 187-196; Kimball, J.S., Thornton, P.E., White, M.A., Running, S.R., Simulating forest productivity and surface-atmosphere carbon exchange in the BOREAS study region (1997) Tree Physiology, 17, pp. 589-599; Knohl, A., Kolle, O., Minayeva, T.Y., Milyukova, I.M., Vygodskaya, N.N., Foken, T., Schulze, E.D., Carbon dioxide exchange of a Russian boreal forest after disturbance by wind throw (2002) Global Change Biology, 8, pp. 231-246; Kolari, P., Pumpanen, J., Rannik, Ü., Ilvesniemi, H., Hari, P., Berninger, F., Carbon balance of different aged scots pine forests in southern Finland (2004) Global Change Biology, 10, pp. 1106-1119; Kowalski, A.S., Loustau, D., Berbigier, P., Paired comparison of carbon exchange between undisturbed and regenerating stands in four managed forests in Europe (2004) Global Change Biology, 10, pp. 1707-1723; Kowalski, S., Sartore, M., Burlett, R., Berbigier, P., Loustau, D., The annual carbon budget of a French pine forest (Pinus pinaster) following harvest (2003) Global Change Biology, 9, pp. 1051-1065; Kramer, M.G., Sollins, P., Sletten, R.S., Soil carbon dynamics across a windthrow disturbance sequence in southeast Alaska (2004) Ecology, 85, pp. 2230-2244; Kurz, W.A., Stinson, G., Rampley, G.J., Dymond, C.C., Neilson, E.T., Risk of natural disturbances makes future contribution of Canada's forests to the global carbon cycle highly uncertain (2008) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 105, pp. 1551-1555; Lagergren, F., Grelle, A., Lankreijer, H., Mölder, M., Lindroth, A., Current carbon balance of the forested area in Sweden and its sensitivity to global change as simulated by Biome-BGC (2006) Ecosystems, 9, pp. 894-908; Lindroth, A., Grelle, A., Lankreijer, H., Båth, A., Lagergren, F., Sedletski, A., Partner No 04: LUPG (2002) Carbo-Age 30-Month Report, pp. 22-28. , In: (ed. Grace J), Edinburgh; Marklund, L.G., (1988) Biomassafunktioner För Tall, Gran Och Björk I Sverige (Biomass Functions for Pine, Spruce and Birch in Sweden), , Department of Forest Survey, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå73 pp; Martin, P., Estimating the CO2 uptake in Europe (1998) Science, 281, p. 1805; Nilsson, C., Stjernquist, I., Barring, L., Schlyter, P., Jonsson, A.M., Samuelsson, H., Recorded storm damage in Swedish forests 1901-2000 (2004) Forest Ecology and Management, 199, pp. 165-173; Potter, C., Tan, P.N., Kumar, V., Recent history of large-scale ecosystem disturbances in North America derived from the AVHRR satellite record (2005) Ecosystems, 8, pp. 808-824; Schelhaas, M.J., Nabuurs, G.J., Schuck, A., Natural disturbances in the European forests in the 19th and 20th centuries (2003) Global Change Biology, 9, pp. 1620-1633; Schimel, D.S., House, J.I., Hibbard, K.A., Recent patterns and mechanisms of carbon exchange by terrestrial ecosystems (2001) Nature, 414, pp. 169-172; Schulze, E.D., Lloyd, J., Kelliher, F.M., Productivity of forests in the Eurosiberian boreal region and their potential to act as a carbon sink - A synthesis (1999) Global Change Biology, 5, pp. 703-722; (2005) Swedish Statistical Yearbook of Forestry 2005, , Skogsstyrelsen Skogsstyrelsen, Jönköping; Smith, P., Smith, J., Wattenbach, M., Projected changes in mineral soil carbon of European forests, 1990-2100 (2006) Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 86, pp. 159-169; (2007) Sweden's National Inventory Report 2008 - Submitted Under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, , Swedish Environmental Protection Agency Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm 322 pp; Thornton, P.E., Regional ecosystem simulation: Combining surface- and satellite-based observations to study linkages between terrestrial energy and mass budgets (1998), PhD thesis, University of Montana, Missoula, MTValinger, E., Ottosson Lövenius, M., Johansson, U., Fridman, U., Claeson, S., Gustafsson, Å., Analys av riskfaktorer after stormen Gudrun (2006) Rapport, 8, p. 68. , Skogsstyrelsen, Jönköping; White, M.A., Thornton, P.E., Running, S.W., Nemani, R.R., Parameterization and sensitivity analysis of the Biome-BGC terrestrial ecosystem model: Net primary production controls (2000) Earth Interactions, 4, pp. 1-85 PY - 2009 SN - 13541013 SP - 346-355 ST - Storms can cause Europe-wide reduction in forest carbon sink T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Storms can cause Europe-wide reduction in forest carbon sink UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-58549110456&partnerID=40&md5=20050cb9028d8deb51c27d1e088c0b1c VL - 15 ID - 3441 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lindroth, R. L. LB - lind97 PY - 1997 SP - 347-361 ST - Consequences of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 for Forest Insects T2 - Körner, C., Bazzaz, F.A. (ed.): Carbon Dioxide, Populations and Communities. Acad. Press TI - Consequences of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 for Forest Insects ID - 1888 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LINDSTRÖM, J., P. RINTAMÄKI, I. STORCH PY - 1998 SP - 173-191. ST - Tetrao tetrix (Black Grouse) In: BWP Update, The Journal of the Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 2 No. 3, Oxford University Press. TI - Tetrao tetrix (Black Grouse) In: BWP Update, The Journal of the Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 2 No. 3, Oxford University Press ID - 1889 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lindström, J. AU - Rintamäki AU - P. AU - Storch, I. PY - 1998 SP - 173-191 ST - Tetrao tetrix (Black Grouse) In: BWP Update, The Journal of the Birds of the Western Palearctic. Vol. 2 No. 3, Oxford University Press. T2 - BWP Update, The Journal of the Birds of the Western Palearctic, Oxford University Press TI - Tetrao tetrix (Black Grouse) VL - Vol. 2 No. 3 ID - 1890 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LIPP, H. IS - 5 PY - 1937 SP - 341-342 ST - Beitrag zur Verbreitung von Gastroidea viridula Deg T2 - Ent. Blätt. TI - Beitrag zur Verbreitung von Gastroidea viridula Deg VL - 33 ID - 1891 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Liski, Jari AU - Ilvesniemi, Hannu AU - Mäkelä, Annikki AU - Westman, Carl Johan LB - liski:99 PY - 1999 SP - 171-174 ST - CO2 emissions from soil in response to climatic warming are overestimated-the decomposition of old soil organic matter is tolerant to temperature T2 - Ambio TI - CO2 emissions from soil in response to climatic warming are overestimated-the decomposition of old soil organic matter is tolerant to temperature VL - 28 ID - 1892 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Lackner, C. A2 - Geburek, T. AU - Litschauer, R. AU - Konrad, H. CY - Wien PB - BFW PY - 2011 SP - 7 - 8 ST - Ohne Pollen kein Saatgut, ohne Saatgut keine Verjüngung T2 - Lärche. BFW Praxisinformation TI - Ohne Pollen kein Saatgut, ohne Saatgut keine Verjüngung VL - 25 ID - 1893 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The purpose of this paper is to quantify climatic controls on the area burned by fire in different vegetation types in the western United States. We demonstrate that wildfire area burned (WFAB) in the American West was controlled by climate during the 20th century (1916-2003). Persistent ecosystem-specific correlations between climate and WFAB are grouped by vegetation type (ecoprovinces). Most mountainous ecoprovinces exhibit strong year-of-fire relationships with low precipitation, low Palmer drought severity index (PDSI), and high temperature. Grass-and shrub-dominated ecoprovinces had positive relationships with antecedent precipitation or PDSI. For 1977-2003, a few climate variables explain 33-87% (mean = 64%) of WFAB, indicating strong linkages between climate and area burned. For 1916-2003, the relationships are weaker, but climate explained 25-57% (mean = 39%) of the variability. The variance in WFAB is proportional to the mean squared for different data sets at different spatial scales. The importance of antecedent climate (summer drought in forested ecosystems and antecedent winter precipitation in shrub and grassland ecosystems) indicates that the mechanism behind the observed fire-climate relationships is climatic preconditioning of large areas of low fuel moisture via drying of existing fuels or fuel production and drying. The impacts of climate change on fire regimes will therefore vary with the relative energy or water limitations of ecosystems. Ecoprovinces proved a useful compromise between ecologically imprecise state-level and localized gridded fire data. The differences in climate-fire relationships among the ecoprovinces underscore the need to consider ecological context (vegetation, fuels, and seasonal climate) to identify specific climate drivers of WFAB. Despite the possible influence of fire suppression, exclusion, and fuel treatment, WFAB is still substantially controlled by climate. The implications for planning and management are that future WFAB and adaptation to climate change will likely depend on ecosystem-specific, seasonal variation in climate. In fuel-limited ecosystems, fuel treatments can probably mitigate fire vulnerability and increase resilience more readily than in climate-limited ecosystems, in which large severe fires under extreme weather conditions will continue to account for most area burned. © 2009 by the Ecological Society of America. AD - Climate Impacts Group, Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere Ocean/Center for Science in the Earth System, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5672, United States Fire and Mountain Ecology Laboratory, College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2100, United States USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 400 North 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103, United States Climate Research Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, Mail Stop 0224, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States School of Engineering, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA 95344, United States Littell, J. S. Climate Impacts Group, Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere Ocean/Center for Science in the Earth System, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-5672, United States email: jlittell@u.washington.edu AU - Littell, J. S. AU - McKenzie, D. 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Appl. KW - Adaptation Antecedent climate Climate Climate change Drought Ecoprovinces Ecosystem management Fire Forest Fuels Gamma distribution Resilience adaptation climate change data set drought ecosystem management forest ecosystem forest fire mitigation seasonal variation vegetation type wildfire article climate comparative study ecosystem fire history regression analysis United States Ecosystem Fires History, 20th Century History, 21st Century Regression Analysis North America LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 92 CODEN: ECAPE PubMed ID: 19544740 PY - 2009 SN - 10510761 SP - 1003-1021 ST - Climate and wildfire area burned in western U.S. ecoprovinces, 1916-2003 T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Climate and wildfire area burned in western U.S. ecoprovinces, 1916-2003 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-66149164353&partnerID=40&md5=e2f29f33e836601d29e7ae0b17c5d66d VL - 19 ID - 1894 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Structural degradation of silt clay loam soils in Delta, British Columbia, has resulted from intensive cultivation of vegetable crops. A field experiment and a laboratory incubation study were conducted to assess the ability of nonleguminous winter cover crops, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), fall rye (Secale cereale L.), and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), to affect soil organic C, total and dilute acid extractable polysaccharides, and aggregate stability, expressed as mean weight diameter (MWD). The field experiment included four treatments: three cover crops (spring barley, fall rye, and annual ryegrass) and control (bare soil) arranged in a randomized complete block design. Annual ryegrass and fall rye increased MWD, and all of the cover crops increased soil dilute acid extractable polysaccharides. In the incubation experiment, starch (2.68 g C kg-1 soil) or chopped shoots and coarse roots of fall rye (single- [4.14 g C kg-1 soil] and double-dose [8.28 g C kg-1 soil]) and annual ryegrass (4.62 g C kg-1 soil) were added to a soil from the cover-crop site and incubated for 2, 4, and 8 wk. Cover crop and starch amendments increased soil organic C, dilute acid–extractable polysaccharides, and soil MWD. After 2-wk incubation, the starch amendment had the greatest MWD in all the treatments, increasing by 25, 44, and 45%, compared with the annual ryegrass, double-dose fall rye, and fall rye amendments, respectively (P < 0.05). After 8-wk incubation, however, the MWD in the starch amendment containers decreased by 18% compared with that in the double-dose fall rye amendment treatments (P < 0.05). All the cover crop amendments increased MWD and percentages of water stable 2- to 6-mm aggregates at all incubation periods (P < 0.05). Soil aggregate stability highly correlated with dilute acid-extractable polysaccharides in the field and in incubation experiments. This study suggests that the dilute acid-extractable polysaccharide fraction represents active binding agents under short-term cover crops. It has been shown that soil aggregate stability can be increased under 8-mo nonleguminous cover crops in the intensively cultivated soils. AU - Liu, Aiguo AU - Ma, B. L. AU - Bomke, A. A. DA - 2005/11 DO - 10.2136/sssaj2005.0032 IS - 6 PY - 2005 SP - 2041-2048 ST - Effects of Cover Crops on Soil Aggregate Stability, Total Organic Carbon, and Polysaccharides T2 - Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. TI - Effects of Cover Crops on Soil Aggregate Stability, Total Organic Carbon, and Polysaccharides UR - https://www.soils.org/publications/sssaj/abstracts/69/6/2041 VL - 69 ID - 3358 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Integrated studies of coupled human and natural systems reveal new and complex patterns and processes not evident when studied by social or natural scientists separately. Synthesis of six case studies from around the world shows that couplings between human and natural systems vary across space, time, and organizational units. They also exhibit nonlinear dynamics with thresholds, reciprocal feedback loops, time lags, resilience, heterogeneity, and surprises. Furthermore, past couplings have legacy effects on present conditions and future possibilities. AD - Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States Environmental Science and Policy Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States Department of Urban Design and Planning, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, United States Beijer International Institute of Ecological Economics, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Post Office Box 50005, SE 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden Department of Anthropology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture, and Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States Department of Geography, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont. N2L 3G1, Canada Trout Lake Station, University of Wisconsin, Boulder Junction, WI 54512, United States Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408-3895, United States Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, United States Global Institute for Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-3211, United States Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, United States Liu, J. Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States email: jliu@panda.msu.edu AU - Liu, J. AU - Dietz, T. AU - Carpenter, S. R. AU - Alberti, M. AU - Folke, C. AU - Moran, E. AU - Pell, A. 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Vergleichende Analyse von Sanierungsmethoden bei Bauten der Nachkriegsmoderne, exemplarisch durchgeführt am Objekt Sonderschule Floridsdorf T2 - Energie- und Umweltforschung 28 TI - Architekturhistorisch differenzierte, energetische Sanierung. Vergleichende Analyse von Sanierungsmethoden bei Bauten der Nachkriegsmoderne, exemplarisch durchgeführt am Objekt Sonderschule Floridsdorf ID - 1905 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie Bundesministerium für AU - Lorbek, Maja AU - Stosch, Gerhild AU - Größinger, Alice AU - Nageler-Reidlinger, Astrid AU - Bittner, Irene PY - 2005 ST - Katalog der Modernisierung. Fassaden- und Freiflächenmodernisierung mit standardisierten Elementen bei Geschosswohnbauten der fünfziger und sechziger Jahre. T2 - Energie und Umweltforschung 15 TI - Katalog der Modernisierung. Fassaden- und Freiflächenmodernisierung mit standardisierten Elementen bei Geschosswohnbauten der fünfziger und sechziger Jahre. 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LB - lorenz1956 PY - 1956 SP - 49pp ST - Empirical Orthogonal Functions and Statistic Weather Prediction T2 - Sci. Rept. No. 1, Statistical Forecasting Project, Mass. Inst. Tech., Dept. of Meteorology, Cambridge, Mass. TI - Empirical Orthogonal Functions and Statistic Weather Prediction ID - 1910 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Lorenz, K. CY - München PB - dtv PY - 1974 ST - Das sogenannte Böse TI - Das sogenannte Böse ID - 1911 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lörincz, F. AU - Szentkirályi, Z. PY - 1933 SP - 458-464 ST - Über das Vorkommen von Phlebotomus macedonicus (Adler und Theodor, 1931) in Ungarn T2 - Arch Schiffs- u Tropenhyg TI - Über das Vorkommen von Phlebotomus macedonicus (Adler und Theodor, 1931) in Ungarn VL - 37 ID - 1912 ER - TY - CONF AU - LOTTER, M. CY - BAL Gumpenstein PY - 2000 ST - Hinweise zur Ampferbekämpfung bzw. -reduzierung im ökologischen Landbau T2 - Biospezialseminar: Ampfer - ein Problemunkraut? Teil 1 TI - Hinweise zur Ampferbekämpfung bzw. -reduzierung im ökologischen Landbau ID - 1913 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Louvriere, J. J. AU - Woodworth, G. J2 - Design and anlaysis of simulated choice or allocation experiments: An approach based on aggregate data. PY - 1983 SP - 350-367 ST - Design and anlaysis of simulated choice or allocation experiments: An approach based on aggregate data T2 - Journal of Marketing Research TI - Design and anlaysis of simulated choice or allocation experiments: An approach based on aggregate data VL - 20 ID - 1914 ER - TY - JOUR AU - LOWRY V.K., SMITH J.W., MITCHELL F.L. PY - 1992 ST - Life fertility tables for Frankliniella fusca and Frankliniella occidentalis on Peanut. Ann. of the ent. Soc. Amer. 85(6), 744-754. TI - Life fertility tables for Frankliniella fusca and Frankliniella occidentalis on Peanut. Ann. of the ent. Soc. Amer. 85(6), 744-754 ID - 1915 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lowry, V.K AU - Smith, J. W. AU - Mitchell, F. L. PY - 1992 SP - 744-754 ST - Life fertility tables for Frankliniella fusca and Frankliniella occidentalis on Peanut. Ann. of the ent. Soc. Amer. 85(6), 744-754. T2 - Ann. of the ent. Soc. Amer. TI - Life fertility tables for Frankliniella fusca and Frankliniella occidentalis on Peanut VL - 85(6) ID - 1916 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The availability of high resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEM) at a regional scale enables the analysis of topography with high levels of detail. Hence, a DEM-based geomorphometric approach becomes more accurate for detecting potential rockfall sources. Potential rockfall source areas are identified according to the slope angle distribution deduced from high resolution DEM crossed with other information extracted from geological and topographic maps in GIS format. The slope angle distribution can be decomposed in several Gaussian distributions that can be considered as characteristic of morphological units: rock cliffs, steep slopes, footslopes and plains. A terrain is considered as potential rockfall sources when their slope angles lie over an angle threshold, which is defined where the Gaussian distribution of the morphological unit "Rock cliffs" become dominant over the one of "Steep slopes". In addition to this analysis, the cliff outcrops indicated by the topographic maps were added. They contain however "flat areas", so that only the slope angles values above the mode of the Gaussian distribution of the morphological unit "Steep slopes" were considered. An application of this method is presented over the entire Canton of Vaud (3200 km2), Switzerland. The results were compared with rockfall sources observed on the field and orthophotos analysis in order to validate the method. Finally, the influence of the cell size of the DEM is inspected by applying the methodology over six different DEM resolutions. AU - Loye, A. AU - Jaboyedoff, M. AU - A., Pedrazzini DO - 10.5194/nhess-9-1643-2009 PY - 2009 SP - 1643-1653 ST - Identification of potential rockfall source areas at a regional scale using a DEM-based geomorphometric analysis T2 - Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences TI - Identification of potential rockfall source areas at a regional scale using a DEM-based geomorphometric analysis UR - http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/9/1643/2009/ VL - 9 ID - 1917 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Luhmann, N. CY - Frankfurt am Main PB - Suhrkamp Verlag PY - 1986 ST - Soziale Systeme. Grundriss einer allgemeinen Theorie TI - Soziale Systeme. Grundriss einer allgemeinen Theorie ID - 1918 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Luhmann, N. CY - Wiesbaden PB - VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften GmbH PY - 2004 ST - die Realität der Massenmedien TI - die Realität der Massenmedien ID - 1919 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Devolder, A.-M. (ed.) AU - Luiten, E. AU - de Jong, F.de J. CY - Rotterdem PB - Nai Publishers PY - 2002 SP - 44-49 ST - Four Shades of Green T2 - The Public Garden. The En-closure and Disclosure of the Public Garden TI - Four Shades of Green ID - 1920 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Lüpke, B. v. PY - 2004 SP - 43 - 50 ST - Risikominimierung durch Mischwälder und naturnaher Waldbau: ein Spannungsfeld T2 - Forstarchiv TI - Risikominimierung durch Mischwälder und naturnaher Waldbau: ein Spannungsfeld VL - 75 ID - 1921 ER - TY - SER AU - Lüpke, B. V. AU - Röhrig, E. CY - Hannover M1 - Heft 17 PB - Mitteilungen aus der Niedersächsischen Landesforstverwaltung PY - 1972 SP - 1 - 76 ST - Die natürliche Verjüngung der europäischen Lärche - Oekologische Untersuchungen im Staatlichen Forstamt Reinhausen T3 - Aus dem Walde TI - Die natürliche Verjüngung der europäischen Lärche - Oekologische Untersuchungen im Staatlichen Forstamt Reinhausen ID - 1922 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In countries facing water scarcity, governmental water agencies try to transfer this constraint to farmers, e.g. by encouraging them to shift from traditional to localized irrigation methods to save water. However, water shortage is often much less a problem for farmers than soil limitations, their objective being mostly to maximize their income per cultivated area (US$ per hectare rather than per cubic meter of water). This discrepancy can only be solved if governments find ways to 'transfer' water scarcity, e.g. through economic incentives such as water pricing and/or subsidies. The aim of this study was to address the question of how to match the interest of both water managers and farmers. We aimed particularly at evaluating whether shifting to drip irrigation is a relevant way to save water and increase farmer's income. Our analysis was based on the interactive impacts among economic, environmental, technical and methodological parameters on the net productivity of two crops. We focused on the case study of Turkey considering two crops with contrasted gross productivity, tomato and cotton, characterized by partial vegetation cover during a large part of crop cycle. A 3D crop energy balance model was applied showing that crop transpiration is increased by up to 10% when shifting from furrow to drip irrigation. These results were used to correct the maximal evapotranspiration (ETm), estimated with the simple "crop coefficient" (Kc) method, and then used to enhance net productivity estimation both for furrow and drip irrigation. The results suggest that water managers and farmers share a common interest in adopting drip irrigation of tomato. Inversely, interests divergence may increase with low/medium value crops as cotton; the combination between water pricing and subsidies could be a way of agreement, but it would require subsidies for irrigation equipment of at least 40%, for low water tariffs, to 60%, for high water tariffs, to make the transfer from furrow to drip irrigation acceptable. This approach appeared generic enough to be applied for other economic, technical or environmental conditions, to modernize irrigation by harmonizing constraints faced by water managers and farmers. (Résumé d'auteur) AU - Luquet, D. AU - Vidal, A. AU - Smith, M. AU - Dauzat, J. IS - 2 KW - irrigation goutte a goutte irrigation a la raie conservation de l'eau evapotranspiration modele lycopersicon esculentum gossypium climat mediterraneen climat semi-aride bilan energetique analyse economique turquie PY - 2005 SP - 108-119 ST - 'More crop per drop': how to make it acceptable for farmers T2 - Agricultural Water Management TI - 'More crop per drop': how to make it acceptable for farmers VL - 76 ID - 1923 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abrupt changes in site conditions due to windthrow initiate altered dynamics in humus formation, which affect germination, seedling growth and rooting patterns and thus also reforestation. This study examines changes in the upper soil horizons of four long-term observation sites with regard to morphology (humus form), porosity and rooting patterns. The new tall vegetation produces a different type and amount of litter, and the microclimate near the soil surface changes. Biological activity, organic matter turnover and mixing with the mineral fraction are accelerated. Where clearing operations damaged the soil, increased soil density and clogging of pores in the rooting zone impair drainage and aeration, which hinders rooting patterns and retards resettlement by trees, so that reforestation is greatly delayed. Clearing operations should cause as little damage as possible and new stock should be appropriate to the site type. AD - WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Lüscher, P. WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland email: peter.luescher@wsl.ch AU - Lüscher, P. DB - Scopus IS - 1-2 J2 - For. Snow Landsc. Res. KW - Bulk density Humus dynamics Humus form index Porosity Rooting patterns Switzerland Windthrow bulk density forest clearance humus porosity reforestation rooting windthrow LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):6 CODEN: FSLRB References: (1996) Forstliche Standortsaufnahme. Begriffe, Definitionen, Einteilungen, Kennzeichnungen, Erläuterungen. 5. Aufl., , München, IHW-Verlag; Babel, U., Gliederung und Beschreibung des Humusprofils in mitteleuropäischen Wäldern (1971) Geoderma, 5 (4), pp. 297-324; FAO/Unesco Soil Map of the World, Revised Legend, with corrections and updates (1988) World Soil Resources Report 60, , FAO, Rome. Reprinted with updates as Technical Paper 20, ISRIC, Wageningen; Fischer, A., (1998) Die Entwicklung Von Wald-Biozönosen Nach Sturmwurf, 427p. , ecomed, Landsberg; Hildebrand, E.E., Die Struktur von Waldböden - Ein gefährdetes Fliessgleichgewicht (1987) Allg. Forst Z. Waldwirtsch. Umweltvorsorge, 42, pp. 424-426; Jehl, H., Die Waldentwicklung nach Windwurf in den Hochlagen des Nationalparks Bayerischer Wald (2001) Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald, Wissenschaftliche Reihe, 14, pp. 49-97; Köstler, J.N., Brückner, E., Bibelriether, H., (1968) Die Wurzeln der Waldbäume. Untersuchungen Zur Morphologie der Waldbäume Mitteleuropas, 284p. , Hamburg, Berlin, Parey; Möller, H., Der Humusformindex, ein einfaches Mittel zur zahlenmässigen Erfassung der Humusform terrestrischer Waldböden (1981) Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenkd., 144, pp. 528-531; Polomski, J., Kuhn, N., (1998) Wurzelsysteme, 290p. , Bern, Haupt; Roth, K., Schulin, R., Flühler, H., Attinger, W., Calibration of Time Domaine Reflectometry for water content measurement using a composite dielectric approach (1990) Water Resour. Res., 26 (10), pp. 2267-2274; Schönienberger, W., Windthrow research after the 1990 storm Vivian in Switzerland: Objectives, study sites, and projects (2002) For. Snow Landsc. 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CY - Wien PB - BM für Umwelt, Jugend und Familie PY - 1996 ST - Abflussregime österreichischer Fliessgewässer, Monographien TI - Abflussregime österreichischer Fliessgewässer, Monographien VL - Bd. 82 ID - 1945 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Magilligan, F.J. AU - Graber, B.E. IS - 1-4 PY - 1996 SP - 159-180 ST - Hydroclimatological and geomorphic controls on the timing and spatial variability of floods in New England, USA T2 - J. Hydrol. TI - Hydroclimatological and geomorphic controls on the timing and spatial variability of floods in New England, USA VL - 178 ID - 3599 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Linz, Friedrich – Vereinigte Druckereien und Verlagsgesellschaft AU - 18, Magistrat der Stadt Wien MA CY - Wien PY - 2005 ST - Stadtentwicklung und Stadtplanung 2005 T2 - STEP 05 – Stadtentwicklung Wien TI - Stadtentwicklung und Stadtplanung 2005 ID - 1946 ER - TY - WEB AU - Wien, Magistratsdirektion M1 - 12.8.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://data.wien.gv.at/apps/next.html ID - 1947 ER - TY - JOUR AD - DCA, University of Bologna, via Fanin 46, I-40127 Bologna, Italy Magnani, F. DCA, University of Bologna, via Fanin 46, I-40127 Bologna, Italy email: federico.magnani@unibo.it AU - Magnani, F. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03035.x IS - 2 J2 - New Phytol. KW - Acclimation Adaptation Drought Hydraulic architecture Phenotypic plasticity Xylem embolism water acclimatization environment evolution genetic variability genetics note phenotype physiology scots pine tree Acclimatization Environment Evolution Genetic Variation Phenotype Pinus sylvestris Trees Water LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 7 CODEN: NEPHA PubMed ID: 19796333 Chemicals/CAS: water, 7732-18-5; Water, 7732-18-5 References: Berninger, F., Mencuccini, M., Nikinmaa, E., Grace, J., Hari, P., Evaporative demand determines branchiness of Scots pine (1995) Oecologia, 102, pp. 164-168; Bhaskar, R., Valiente-Banuet, V., Ackerly, D.D., Evolution of hydraulic traits in closely related species pairs from mediterranean and nonmediterranean environments of North America (2007) New Phytologist, 176, pp. 718-726; Bradshaw, A.D., Evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity in plants (1965) Advances in Genetics, 13, pp. 115-155; Brodribb, T.J., Holbrook, N.M., Zwieniecki, M.A., Palma, B., Leaf hydraulic capacity in ferns, conifers and angiosperms: Impacts on photosynthetic maxima (2005) New Phytologist, 165, pp. 839-846; Hacke, U.G., Jansen, S., Embolism resistance of three boreal conifer species varies with pit structure (2009) New Phytologist, 182, pp. 675-686; Huber, B., Weitere Untersuchungen uber das Wasserleitungssystem der Pfanzen (1928) Jahrbücher für Wissenschaftliche Botanik, 67, pp. 877-959; Jacobsen, A.L., Pratt, R.B., Ewers, F.W., Davis, S.D., Cavitation resistance among 26 chaparral species of Southern California (2007) Ecological Monographs, 77, pp. 99-115; Litton, C.M., Raich, J.W., Ryan, M.G., Carbon allocation in forest ecosystems (2007) Global Change Biology, 13, pp. 2089-2109; Magnani, F., Grace, J., Borghetti, M., Adjustment of tree structure in response to the environment under hydraulic constraints (2002) Functional Ecology, 16, pp. 385-393; Maherali, H., Delucia, E.H., Xylem conductivity and vulnerability to cavitation of ponderosa pine growing in contrasting climates (2000) Tree Physiology, 20, pp. 859-867; Maherali, H., Pockman, W.T., Jackson, R.B., Adaptive variation in the vulnerability of woody plants to xylem cavitation (2004) Ecology, 85, pp. 2184-2199; Martínez-Vilalta, J., Piñol, J., Drought-induced mortality and hydraulic architecture in pine populations of the NE Iberian Peninsula (2002) Forest Ecology and Management, 161, pp. 247-256; Martínez-Vilalta, J., Sala, A., Piñol, J., The hydraulic architecture of Pinaceae. A review (2004) Plant Ecology, 171, pp. 3-13; Martínez-Vilalta, J., Cochard, H., Mencuccini, M., Sterck, F., Herrero, A., Korhonen, J.F.J., Llorens, P., Zweifel, R., Hydraulic adjustment of Scots pine across Europe (2009) New Phytologist, 184, pp. 353-364; Matzner, S.L., Rice, K.J., Richards, J.H., Intra-specific variation in xylem cavitation in interior live oak (Quercus wislizenii A. DC.) (2001) Journal of Experimental Botany, 52, pp. 783-789; Oleksyn, J., Reich, P.B., Zytkowiak, R., Karolewski, P., Tjoelker, M.G., Nutrient conservation increases with latitude of origin in European Pinus sylvestris populations (2003) Oecologia, 136, pp. 220-235; Palmroth, S., Berninger, F., Nikinmaa, E., Lloyd, J., Pulkkinen, P., Hari, P., Structural adaptation rather than water conservation was observed in Scots pine over a range of wet to dry climates (1999) Oecologia, 121, pp. 302-309 PY - 2009 SN - 0028646X SP - 277-279 ST - Phenotypic variability: Underlying mechanisms and limits do matter T2 - New Phytologist TI - Phenotypic variability: Underlying mechanisms and limits do matter UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349494112&partnerID=40&md5=cccc317985562488ba9dfb9421b6bf4d VL - 184 ID - 1948 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Magnuson, J. J. AU - Robertson, D. M. AU - Benson, B. J. AU - Wynne, R. H. AU - Livingstone, D. M. AU - Arai, T. AU - Assel, R. A. AU - Barry, R. G. AU - Card, V. AU - Kuusisto, E. AU - Granin, N. G. AU - Prowse, T. D. AU - Stewart, K. M. AU - Vuglinski, V. S. LB - magn00 PY - 2000 SP - 1743-1746 ST - Historical trends in lake and river ice cover in the northern hemisphere T2 - Science TI - Historical trends in lake and river ice cover in the northern hemisphere VL - 28 ID - 1949 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The ability of plants to supply water to their leaves is intimately associated with survival. Water supply to leaves depends on maintaining an intact water column in the xylem from the roots to shoots. Because this hydraulic pathway is under tension, it is vulnerable to breakage through the induction of air emboli (cavitation). Although the physiological benefit of resistance to water-stress-induced xylem cavitation for desiccation tolerance is clear, there is considerable interspecific variation within and across climates. To understand the adaptive significance of this variation and the potential trade-off with water transport, we compiled a database of 167 species from 50 seed plant families and examined relationships among resistance to xylem cavitation, water transport capacity (as determined by the specific conductivity of xylem [Ks]), and climate. Relationships were evaluated using standard cross-species correlations (r). Because inferences about the adaptive significance of these correlations can be biased by the potential similarity of closely related species, we also analyzed our data using phylogenetically independent contrast correlations (PIC) calculated over a range of alternate seed plant phylogenies. Resistance to cavitation, expressed as the xylem tension at which 50% of hydraulic conductivity was lost (Ψ50), ranged from -0.18 to -9.9 MPa for angiosperms and from -1.5 to -14.1 MPa for conifers. Conifers were most resistant to cavitation, with mean Ψ50 80% more negative than angiosperms. In contrast, K s was 270% higher in angiosperms than conifers. Across all species, cavitation resistance increased with decreasing mean annual precipitation. However, significant phylogenetically independent contrast correlations between Ψ50 and annual precipitation were found within the evergreen angiosperms and conifers but not in the deciduous angiosperms. Thus, the adaptive significance of increased resistance to cavitation as a mechanism of drought tolerance may be of primary importance in evergreen angiosperms and conifers. In contrast, analysis of independent contrasts indicated that K s increased with decreasing rainfall in deciduous angiosperms, whereas there was no association between Ks and water availability for evergreen angiosperms and conifers. These results suggest that the evolution of increased Ks may be a critical adaptation to water limitation in deciduous angiosperms. Although there was a significant cross-species correlation between Ψ50 and Ks, this relationship, was not supported by the independent contrast correlation, suggesting that the evolutionary basis for a trade-off between cavitation resistance and water transport capacity is weak. AD - Department of Botany, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1, Canada Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, United States Department of Biology, Nicholas Sch. Environ. Earth Sci., Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States Maherali, H. Department of Botany, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1, Canada email: maherali@uoguelph.ca AU - Maherali, H. AU - Pockman, W. T. AU - Jackson, R. B. DB - Scopus IS - 8 J2 - Ecology KW - Adaptation Climate Correlated evolution Hydraulic conductivity Independent contrasts Potential evapotranspiration Precipitation Temperature Vegetation Water-stress-induced xylem cavitation adaptation hydraulic conductivity water supply woody plant xylem Coniferophyta Magnoliophyta Spermatophyta LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 177 CODEN: ECOLA References: Ackerly, D.D., Phylogeny and the comparative method in plant functional ecology (1999) Plant Physiological Ecology, pp. 391-413. , M. C. Press, J. D. Scholes, and M. G. Baker, editors. 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Gymnosperm tracheids with torus-margo pit membranes (2004) American Journal of Botany, 91, pp. 386-400; Hacke, U.G., Sperry, J.S., Pockman, W.T., Davis, S.D., McCulloch, K.A., Trends in wood density and structure are linked to prevention of xylem implosion by negative pressure (2001) Oecologia, 126, pp. 457-461; Harvey, P.H., Pagel, M., (1991) The Comparative Method in Evolutionary Biology, , Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK; Holbrook, N.M., Ahrens, E.T., Burns, M.J., Zwieniecki, M.A., In vivo observation of cavitation and embolism repair using magnetic resonance imaging (2001) Plant Physiology, 126, pp. 27-31; Jackson, R.B., Carpenter, S.R., Dahm, C.N., McKnight, D.M., Naiman, R.J., Postel, S.L., Running, S.W., Water in a changing world (2001) Ecological Applications, 11, pp. 1027-1045; Jackson, R.B., Sperry, J.S., Dawson, T.E., Root water uptake and transport: Using physiological processes in global predictions (2000) Trends in Plant Science, 5, pp. 482-488; Jarbeau, J.A., Ewers, F.W., Davis, S.D., The mechanism of water stress induced embolism in two species of chaparral shrubs (1995) Plant Cell and Environment, 18, pp. 189-196; Kavanagh, K.L., Bond, B.J., Aitken, S.N., Gartner, B.L., Knowe, S., Shoot and root vulnerability to xylem cavitation in four populations of Douglas-fir seedlings (1999) Tree Physiology, 19, pp. 31-37; Kolb, K.J., Sperry, J.S., Differences in drought adaptation between subspecies of sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) (1999) Ecology, 80, pp. 2373-2384; Leemans, R., Cramer, W., (1991) The IIASA Database for Mean Monthly Values of Temperature, Precipitation and Cloudiness of a Global Terrestrial Grid, , Report Number RR-91-18. 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LB - mali81 PY - 1981 SP - 25-32 ST - Artificial Illumination of a Mountain Stream in Lower Austria: Effekt of Constant Daylenght on the Phenology of the Caddisflies (Trichoptera) T2 - Aquatic Insects TI - Artificial Illumination of a Mountain Stream in Lower Austria: Effekt of Constant Daylenght on the Phenology of the Caddisflies (Trichoptera) VL - 3 ID - 1956 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Malicky, H. LB - mali00 PY - 2000 SP - 31-40 ST - Arealdynamik und Biomgrundtypen am Beispiel der Köcherfliegen (Trichoptera) T2 - Braueria TI - Arealdynamik und Biomgrundtypen am Beispiel der Köcherfliegen (Trichoptera) VL - 26 ID - 1957 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Mandl, H, Reinmann-Rothmeier, G. CY - München PB - Oldenburg Verlag PY - 2000 ST - Wissensmanagement. Informationszuwachs - Wissenswunsch? Die strategische Bedeutung des Wissensmanagements TI - Wissensmanagement. Informationszuwachs - Wissenswunsch? Die strategische Bedeutung des Wissensmanagements ID - 1958 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mandrak, N. E. LB - mand89 PY - 1989 SP - 306-116 ST - Potential invasion of the Great Lakes by fish species associated with climatic warming T2 - J.Great Lakes Res. TI - Potential invasion of the Great Lakes by fish species associated with climatic warming VL - 15 ID - 1959 ER - TY - JOUR AD - Department of Ecophysiology, Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Viljandi mnt. 18B, 11216, Tallinn, Estonia Department Forest Biology, Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreurzwaldi 5, 1014 Tartu, Estonia Köster, K. Department Forest Biology, Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreurzwaldi 5, 1014 Tartu, Estonia email: kajar.koster@emu.ee AU - Mandre, M. AU - Kiviste, A. AU - Köster, K. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.10.008 IS - 2 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. 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Rennenberg, W. Eschrich, H. Ziegler (Eds.); Thomas, P.A., Packham, J.R., (2007) Ecology of Woodlands and Forests. Description, Dynamics And Diversity, p. 528. , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; Waring, R.H., Running, S.W., (2007) Forest Ecosystems. Analysis at Multiple Scales, p. 420. , Elsevier, Amsterdam/Boston/Heidelberg PY - 2011 SN - 03781127 SP - 53-55 ST - Environmental stress and forest ecosystem T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Environmental stress and forest ecosystem UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79957541799&partnerID=40&md5=01c041019f03c0055b325d99af1f12ff VL - 262 ID - 1960 ER - TY - BOOK AB - An introductory text book for students describing at length the three basic types of tree disease (abiotic, biotic and decline), and then going on to develop more general topics (disease control, epidemics, managment aspects etc.) based on examples already given and on new material. There are 23 chapters: Introduction to the disease concepts; Soil conditions affecting tree health; Winter damage to trees; Tree disease caused by air pollution; Nematodes as plant parasites and agents of tree diseases; Viruses as agents of tree diseases; Bacteria as agents of tree diseases; Introduction of fungi - including discussions of fungi in the forest community and the disease cycle of pathogenic fungi; Fungi as symbionts of tree roots: mycorrhizae; Fungi as agents of tree diseases - 7 chapters on foliage, rust and canker diseases, vascular wilts, wood decay and wood stain and root rots; Parasitic flowering plants as agents of tree diseases; Decline diseases of complex biotic and abiotic origin; Plant disease epidemics; Disease control through genetic resistance; Diseases of seedlings in the nursery; Pathological considerations of urban tree management; and Pathological considerations of intensively managed forest plantations; A subject index is included. AU - Manion, P. D. CY - Coll. Envir. Sci. & For., State Univ. New York, Syracuse, NY, USA PY - 1981 SE - 399 SN - 0-13-930701-X ST - Tree disease concepts. TI - Tree disease concepts. ID - 1961 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MANNINGER, A. G. sen. AU - MANNINGER, A. G. jun. PY - 1933 SP - 1-34 ST - A gabonapoloskak elete, kartetele es javaslat az ellenük valo vedekezesre. (Das Leben der Getreidewanze, die von ihr verursachten Schäden und Vorschläge zu ihrer Bekämpfung) T2 - Mezögazd. Kutatasok TI - A gabonapoloskak elete, kartetele es javaslat az ellenük valo vedekezesre. (Das Leben der Getreidewanze, die von ihr verursachten Schäden und Vorschläge zu ihrer Bekämpfung) VL - 6 ID - 1962 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Marchisio, C. AU - Cescatti AU - A AU - Battisti AU - A LB - marc94 PY - 1994 SP - 375-384 ST - Climate, soils and Cephalcia arvensis outbreaks on Picea abies in the Italian Alps T2 - For. Ecol.Manage. TI - Climate, soils and Cephalcia arvensis outbreaks on Picea abies in the Italian Alps VL - 68 ID - 1963 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Marchisio, C. AU - Cescatti AU - A. AU - Battisti LB - marc94 PY - 1994 SP - 375-384 ST - Climate, soils and Cephalcia arvensis outbreaks on Picea abies in the Italian Alps T2 - For. Ecol.Manage. TI - Climate, soils and Cephalcia arvensis outbreaks on Picea abies in the Italian Alps VL - 68 ID - 1964 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - Marcuse, P. IS - 1 PY - 2003 SE - http://www.tu-cottbus.de/Theo/wolke/eng/Subjects/031/Marcuse/marcuse.htm [16.7.2009] ST - The Threats to Publicly Usable Space in a Time of Contraction. Public Space in the Time of Shrinkage T2 - Wolkenkuckucksheim. Internationale Zeitschrift zur Theorie der Architektur TI - The Threats to Publicly Usable Space in a Time of Contraction. Public Space in the Time of Shrinkage VL - 8 ID - 1965 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Mardia, K.V. AU - Jupp, P.E. PB - Wiley, New York, NY, USA PY - 1999 ST - Statistics of directional data TI - Statistics of directional data ID - 3600 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Marett, P. J. PY - 1923 SP - 267 ST - A note on the capture of a Phlebotomus perniciosus male in Jersey, C.I. T2 - Transactions Of The Royal Society Of Tropical Medicine And Hygiene TI - A note on the capture of a Phlebotomus perniciosus male in Jersey, C.I. VL - 17 ID - 1966 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 17 AU - Marev CY - Lassee, Austria KW - groundwater Marchfeld PB - Verein zur Förderung der Regionalentwicklung im Marchfeld (MAREV) ST - Grundwasserhilfe Marchfeld TI - Grundwasserhilfe Marchfeld UR - http://www.deutsch-wagram.spoe.at/?pid=1254&id=61955 ID - 1967 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Temperature warming and the increased frequency of climatic anomalies are expected to trigger bark beetle outbreaks with potential severe consequences on forest ecosystems. We characterized the combined effects of climatic factors and density-dependent feedbacks on forest damage caused by Ips typographus (L.), one of the most destructive pests of European spruce forests, and tested whether climate modified the interannual variation in the altitudinal outbreak range of the species. We analyzed a 16-year time-series from the European Alps of timber loss in Picea abies Karsten forests due to I. typographus attacks and used a discrete population model and an information theoretic approach to compare multiple competing hypotheses. The occurrence of dry summers combined with warm temperatures appeared as the main abiotic triggers of severity of outbreaks. We also found an endogenous negative feedback with a 2-year lag suggesting a potential important role of natural enemies. Forest damage per hectare averaged 7-fold higher where spruce was planted in sites warmer than those within its historical climatic range. Dry summers, but not temperature, was related to upward shifts in the altitudinal outbreak range. Considering the potential increased susceptibility of spruce forests to insect outbreaks due to climate change, there is growing value in mitigating these effects through sustainable forest management, which includes avoiding the promotion of spruce outside its historical climatic range. AU - Marini, Lorenzo AU - Ayres, MatthewP AU - Battisti, Andrea AU - Faccoli, Massimo DO - 10.1007/s10584-012-0463-z IS - 2 LA - English N1 - Climatic Change PY - 2012 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 327-341 ST - Climate affects severity and altitudinal distribution of outbreaks in an eruptive bark beetle T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate affects severity and altitudinal distribution of outbreaks in an eruptive bark beetle UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-012-0463-z VL - 115 ID - 1968 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Carrara, A. A2 - Guzzetti, F. (Hrgs.) AU - Mark, R. K. AU - Ellen, S. D. PY - 1995 SP - 93-106 ST - Statistical and simulation models for mapping debris-flow hazard T2 - Geographical Information System in Assessing Natural Hazards TI - Statistical and simulation models for mapping debris-flow hazard VL - 5 ID - 1969 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Markewitz, Daniel AU - Sartori, Fabio AU - Craft, Christopher LB - markewitz:02 N1 - carbon PY - 2002 SP - 1276-1285 ST - Soil change and carbon storage in longleaf pine stands planted on marginal agricultural lands T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Soil change and carbon storage in longleaf pine stands planted on marginal agricultural lands VL - 12 ID - 1970 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Marktl, W. AU - Muthers, S. AU - Koch, E. AU - Matzarakis, A. N1 - Wien PY - 2010 ST - Klima beeinflusst Mortalität T2 - Österreichische Ärztezeitung TI - Klima beeinflusst Mortalität VL - 10. Mai 2010 ID - 1971 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Rockfall susceptibility has been analysed in mountain cliffs of the Cantabrian Range, North Spain. The main aim of this analysis has been to build a predictive model of rockfall activity from a low number of environmental and geological variables. The rockfall activity has been quantified in a GIS. The cartographic information used shows the spatial distribution of all the recent talus screes as well as their associated source areas in the rock-slopes. The area relation At/Ar ( recent talus scree polygon/source basins) in the rock slopes has been used as the rockfall activity indicator. This relation has been validated in 50 pilot rock-slopes and compared with the relation number of recent rock fragments/source basin, obtained from field work. The environmental factors causing rockfall depend on the rock slope situation, and these are: altitude and sun radiation on the rock cliff. The geological factors considered are: lithology, relative position of the main discontinuities with respect to the topographic surface and two morphologic parameters: the roughness and slope gradient. A logistic regression analysis has been applied to a population of 442 limestone and quartzite rock cliffs. The dependent variable is the rockfall activity indicator, which allows the definition of two classes of rock cliff units: low and high activity. The independent variables are altitude, sun radiation (equinox radiation, summer solstice radiation, winter solstice radiation), slope roughness, slope gradient, anisotropy and lithology. Results suggest that it is possible to build a valid cartographic predictive model for rockfall activity in mountain rock cliffs from a limited number of easily obtainable variables. The method is especially applicable in massive rock slopes or in regions with uniform rock mass characteristics. AU - Marqu AU - iacute AU - nez, J. AU - Men AU - eacute AU - ndez Duarte, R. AU - Farias, P. AU - Jim AU - Nez, S. AU - aacute AU - nchez, M. IS - 3 KW - rockfall activity GIS prediction GIS-based models statistical analysis PY - 2003 SP - 341-360 ST - Predictive GIS-Based Model of Rockfall Activity in Mountain Cliffs T2 - Natural Hazards TI - Predictive GIS-Based Model of Rockfall Activity in Mountain Cliffs UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/nhaz/2003/00000030/00000003/05092656 VL - 30 ID - 1972 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Marten, M. LB - mart90 PY - 1990 SP - 157-171 ST - Interspecific cariation in temperature dependence of egg development of five congeneric stonefly species (Protonemura Kempny, 1998, Nemouridae, Plecoptera) T2 - Hydrobiologia TI - Interspecific cariation in temperature dependence of egg development of five congeneric stonefly species (Protonemura Kempny, 1998, Nemouridae, Plecoptera) VL - 199 ID - 1973 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Martin, E. AU - Timbal, B. AU - Brun, E. LB - mart1997a PY - 1997 SP - 45--56 ST - Downscaling of general circulation model output: simulation of the snow climatology of the French Alps and sensitivity to climate change T2 - Climate Dyn. TI - Downscaling of general circulation model output: simulation of the snow climatology of the French Alps and sensitivity to climate change VL - 13 ID - 1974 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Martinetz-Rica, J. LB - mart97 PY - 1997 SP - 22 ST - General features of European climate and vegetation. Consequences on the distribution of Herpetofauna T2 - Collection-Patrimoines-Naturels TI - General features of European climate and vegetation. Consequences on the distribution of Herpetofauna VL - 29 ID - 1975 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Summary The variability of branch-level hydraulic properties was assessed across 12 Scots pine populations covering a wide range of environmental conditions, including some of the southernmost populations of the species. The aims were to relate this variability to differences in climate, and to study the potential tradeoffs between traits. Traits measured included wood density, radial growth, xylem anatomy, sapwood- and leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity (K S and K L), vulnerability to embolism, leaf-to-sapwood area ratio (A L : A S), needle carbon isotope discrimination (Δ 13C) and nitrogen content, and specific leaf area. Between-population variability was high for most of the hydraulic traits studied, but it was directly associated with climate dryness (defined as a combination of atmospheric moisture demand and availability) only for A L : A S, K L and Δ 13C. Shoot radial growth and A L : A S declined with stand development, which is consistent with a strategy to avoid exceedingly low water potentials as tree size increases. In addition, we did not find evidence at the intraspecific level of some associations between hydraulic traits that have been commonly reported across species. The adjustment of Scots pine's hydraulic system to local climatic conditions occurred primarily through modifications of A L : A S and direct stomatal control, whereas intraspecific variation in vulnerability to embolism and leaf physiology appears to be limited. © 2009 New Phytologist. AD - CREAF/Ecology Unit, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra E-08193, Barcelona, Spain School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, United Kingdom INRA, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 547 PIAF, F-63177, Aubière, France Centre for Ecosystem Studies, Wageningen University and Research Centre, PO 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, FI-00014, Finland Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDÆA), CSIC, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain Department of Forest Ecology, Univesity of Helsinki, PO Box 24, FI-00014, Finland Dipartimento Scienze Dei Sistemi Colturali, Forestali e dell'Ambiente, Università della Basilicata, I-851000, Potenza, Italy Institute of Ecosystem Science, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Martínez-Vilalta, J. CREAF/Ecology Unit, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra E-08193, Barcelona, Spain email: Jordi.Martinez.Vilalta@uab.es AU - Martínez-Vilalta, J. AU - Cochard, H. AU - Mencuccini, M. AU - Sterck, F. AU - Herrero, A. AU - Korhonen, J. F. J. AU - Llorens, P. AU - Nikinmaa, E. AU - Nolè, A. AU - Poyatos, R. AU - Ripullone, F. AU - Sass-Klaassen, U. AU - Zweifel, R. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02954.x IS - 2 J2 - New Phytol. 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Academic Press; Whitehead, D., Edwards, W.R.N., Jarvis, P.G., Conducting sapwood area, foliage area and permeability in mature trees of Picea sitchensis and Pinus contorta (1984) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 14, pp. 940-947; Wright, I.J., Reich, P.B., Westoby, M., Ackerly, D.D., Baruch, Z., Bongers, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Diemer, M., The world-wide leaf economics spectrum (2004) Nature, 428, pp. 821-827; Zweifel, R., Steppe, K., Sterck, F.J., Stomatal regulation by microclimate and tree water relations: Interpreting ecophysiological field data with a hydraulic plant model (2007) Journal of Experimental Botany, 58, pp. 2113-2131 PY - 2009 SN - 0028646X SP - 353-364 ST - Hydraulic adjustment of Scots pine across Europe T2 - New Phytologist TI - Hydraulic adjustment of Scots pine across Europe UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349496363&partnerID=40&md5=9dd1a83a3a8e51c3d1dfb5882e17ac31 VL - 184 ID - 1976 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Martinot, E., Dienst, C., Weilang, L. and C. Qimin PY - 2007 SP - 205-239 ST - Renewable Energy Futures: Targets, Scenarios and Pathways T2 - The Annual Review of Environmental and Resources TI - Renewable Energy Futures: Targets, Scenarios and Pathways ID - 1977 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We reviewed the literature to examine the vulnerability to water stress-induced embolism of Pinaceae relative to other conifers and to study the inter-relationships among the main traits involved in the hydraulic function within the Pinaceae. Results showed that Pinaceae (particularly the genus Pinus) are more vulnerable to xylem embolism, and show less variability in this character, than other conifers. Detailed data from 12 populations of Pinaceae (11 species) from three different areas (Piol and Sala 2000; Martnez-Vilalta and Piol 2002; Oliveras et al. 2003) was used to study the relationships among hydraulic properties of stems. These included: leaf-to-wood area ratio (A(L):A W), wood- and leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity (K W and K(L), respectively), vulnerability to xylem embolism ((50PLC)), carbon isotope composition of needles ( 13C) and minimum needle water potential (minimum (L)). Results showed that hydraulic properties tended to be more correlated among each other than with indicators of environmental (precipitation to potential evapotranspiration ratio, P/E) or physiological water stress (minimum (L)). The only exception was an increase of 13C with decreasing minimum (L) and P/E. Overall, A(L):A W ratio decreased with increasing vulnerability to xylem embolism, and with increasing K'W and K(L) (P<0.05). We found a strong positive relationship between carbon isotope composition and the estimated maximum loss of conductivity due to xylem embolism under field conditions, suggesting stronger stomatal control in more vulnerable species with higher levels of native embolism. Overall, results are consistent with a range of drought-avoidance strategies to minimise the gradient of water potential through the xylem, and show that different relationships among traits are possible depending on the scale of study (individual vs. species or populations). The strong interdependence among hydraulic traits implies that no single trait is a sufficient predictor of drought-resistance in Pinaceae. Finally, it is hypothesised that the intrinsically vulnerable xylem of pines may limit their survival under extremely dry conditions. AD - CREAF, Facultat de Cincies, Univ. Autnoma Barcelona, B., Spain Inst. of Ecol. and Rsrc. Management, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Mayfield Rd., E., United Kingdom Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana-59812, USA, United States CREAF, Facultat de Cincies, Univ. Autnoma Barcelona, B.Spain AU - Martnez-Vilalta, J. AU - Sala, A. AU - Piol, J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1023/B:VEGE.0000029378.87169.b1 IS - 1-2 J2 - Plant Ecol. 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PY - 1991 SP - 72-73 ST - Frankliniella, biologia, e strategie di difesa. Terra e Vita 15, 72-73. T2 - Terra e Vita TI - Frankliniella, biologia, e strategie di difesa VL - 15 ID - 1979 ER - TY - CONF AU - Marullo, R. PY - 1999 SP - 285-288 ST - Impact of an introduced pest thrips on the indigenous natural history and agricultural systems of southern italy. Proceedings of the 7th International sympo-sium on Thysanoptera, 285-288. T2 - 7th International symposium on Thysanoptera TI - Impact of an introduced pest thrips on the indigenous natural history and agricultural systems of southern italy ID - 1980 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Mas-Colell, A. AU - Whinsten, D. AU - Green, J. LB - mascolell1995 PB - Oxford University Press, New York Oxford PY - 1995 SP - 183-204 ST - Microeconomic Theory TI - Microeconomic Theory ID - 1981 ER - TY - RPRT AU - J., MATHEY AU - A., BRÄUER AU - I., LEHMANN AU - G., MEINEL AU - S., RÖSSLER N1 - F+E – Vorhaben gefördert durch das Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit (BMU), Laufzeit 10/2008 bis 03/2010 PY - 2009 RP - F+E – Vorhaben gefördert durch das Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit (BMU), Laufzeit 10/2008 bis 03/2010 ST - “Noch wärmer, noch trockener? – Stadtnatur und Freiraumstrukturen im Klimawandel“ T2 - Zwischenbericht vom 27.05.09 in der überarbeiteten Fassung vom 16.07.2009; IÖR & TU Dresden Lehrstuhl für Meteorologie TI - “Noch wärmer, noch trockener? – Stadtnatur und Freiraumstrukturen im Klimawandel“ ID - 1982 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - G., ARLT A2 - KOWARIK A2 - J., MATHEY A2 - (Hrsg), REBELE F. AU - J., MATHEY AU - B., KOCHAN AU - S., STUTZRIEMER CY - Dresden PY - 2003 SP - 75-84 ST - Städtische Brachflächen – ökologische Aspekte in der Planungspraxis T2 - Urbane Entwicklung in Ökologie und Planung T3 - IÖR: Schriften TI - Städtische Brachflächen – ökologische Aspekte in der Planungspraxis VL - Bd. 39 ID - 1983 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MATTERN, D. AU - SCHUBERT, J. PY - 2002 SP - 104-112 ST - Erste Erkenntnisse zur Blattlausbesiedlung transgener Pflanzen T2 - Angewandte Wissenschaft TI - Erste Erkenntnisse zur Blattlausbesiedlung transgener Pflanzen VL - 494 ID - 1984 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Soil-system CO2 efflux and detrital C pools were measured in three hardwood watersheds in the Southern Appalachians, USA. On two of the watersheds (hereafter referred to as clearcuts), forests were cut via clearcut logging methods and allowed to naturally regenerate; logging residue was removed on one clearcut and was left in place on the other. The third watershed was an uncut reference watershed. There was no statistically significant difference in CO2 efflux between the two types of residue treatments on the clearcuts; however, CO2 effluxes from the clearcuts were 33% less than effluxes from the uncut watershed. Lower CO2 effluxes on the two clearcuts were associated with higher soil temperatures, smaller live-root masses, and larger forest-floor masses. No long-term (5-8 years) changes in soil C pools were apparent following forest cutting. Therefore, reductions in CO2 efflux on the clearcuts appear to be due both to fewer live roots and to slower rates of forest-floor decomposition. Cutting of these forests followed by regeneration does not appear to result in large net C transfers to the atmosphere, as has been generally assumed. © 1989 Springer-Verlag. AD - Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, 30601, GA, United States Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, 999 Coweeta Lab Road, Otto, 28763, NC, United States Mattson, K.G. EPA Environmental Research Lab-Corvallis, 200 Southwest 35th Street, Corvallis, 97333, OR, United States AU - Mattson, K. G. AU - Swank, W. T. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/BF00709656 IS - 3 J2 - Biol Fert Soils KW - CO2 Detrital carbon Forest cutting Forest floor Soil carbon cycling clearcut decomposition detritus soil USA, (Southeast), Appalachians LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):40 CODEN: BFSOE PY - 1989 SN - 01782762 SP - 247-253 ST - Soil and detrital carbon dynamics following forest cutting in the Southern Appalachians T2 - Biology and Fertility of Soils TI - Soil and detrital carbon dynamics following forest cutting in the Southern Appalachians UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0024905982&partnerID=40&md5=5a54317562ed02fa704628dc9cc761ce VL - 7 ID - 3443 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mattson, W. J. AU - Haak AU - R.A LB - matt87 PY - 1987 SP - 110-118 ST - The role of drought in outbreaks of plant-eating insekts T2 - BioScience TI - The role of drought in outbreaks of plant-eating insekts VL - 37 ID - 1985 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mattson, W.J. AU - Haak AU - R.A. LB - matt87 PY - 1987 SP - 110-118 ST - The role of drought in outbreaks of plant-eating insekts T2 - BioScience TI - The role of drought in outbreaks of plant-eating insekts VL - 37 ID - 1986 ER - TY - GEN AB - Empirical downscaling is based on statistically derived relationships between observations on different scales. It has its roots in synoptic climatology, which relies on the relationships of local scale weather to large scale atmospheric processes. Mid latitudes' weather depends on the seasons, hence, empirical downscaling has to be conducted for each season separately. In recent years spatial distinction was also introduced and discussed (Woth 2001). In this study we account for both. Moreover we investigate the effect of different predictor combinations, performing equally well in the validation experiments. Thus, from each considered large scale scenario, we gain an ensemble of local scale scenarios. This strategy is demonstrated for two IS92a (IPCC 1996) scenarios and results in eight local scale scenarios: for each of the large scale scenarios, realized by ECHAM4/OPYC3, we extract a wet/dry and hot/cold realization on the local scale. From the eight monthly local scenarios we produce four scenarios on a daily basis by means of weather generators. AU - C., Matulla AU - Haas, P. PB - GKSS - Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren e.V. PY - 2003 SN - 0344-9629 ST - Prädiktorsensitives Downscaling gekoppelt mit Wettergeneratoren: saisonale und tägliche CC-Szenarien in komplex strukturiertem Gelände TI - Prädiktorsensitives Downscaling gekoppelt mit Wettergeneratoren: saisonale und tägliche CC-Szenarien in komplex strukturiertem Gelände VL - 24 ID - 1987 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MATULLA, C. AU - GROLL, N. AU - KROMP-KOLB, H. AU - SCHEIFINGER, H. AU - LEXER, M.J. AU - WIDMANN, M. PY - 2002 SP - 161-173 ST - Climate change scenarios at Austrian National Forest Inventory sites T2 - Climate Research TI - Climate change scenarios at Austrian National Forest Inventory sites VL - 22 ID - 1988 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - e.V., GKSS - Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren AB - We apply the Analogue-Method originally introduced into climate research by Zorita et al. (1995) to generate daily scenarios of precipitation and temperature. To detect predictor fields that yield statistically robust realizations of the link between the different scales, a large number of reanalysis fields are entered into a validation procedure, which involves precipitation. To derive consistent local scale scenarios, it is preferable to generate temperature and precipitation with only one predictor. However, it is also important that these predictors are reasonably simulated within the general circulation model (GCM), that provides the large scale scenarios. Here, sea level pressure (SLP) and relative topographie is used to derive local scale scenarios. In case of temperature the scenarios which are based on the relative topographie show clear increases whereas the SLP-scenarios show only little changes. In case of precipitation relative topographie yields drastic reductions of the seasonal sums. SLP on the other hand leads to both increases as well as decreases. The achieved results are presented and their consequences are discussed in detail. Examples are climatic elements of second order as heat- and summerdays, ice- and chilldays and the growing degree season. Changes in the seasonal precipitation sums and the intensity of rain events, as well as precipitation sums below zero degree are also analyzed. AU - Matulla, C. AU - Haas, P. AU - Wagner, S. AU - Zorita, E. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. CY - Hamburg DO - ISSN 0344-9629 PY - 2004 ST - Anwendung der Analog-Methode in komplexem Terrain: Klimaänderungsszenarien auf Tagesbasis für Österreich TI - Anwendung der Analog-Methode in komplexem Terrain: Klimaänderungsszenarien auf Tagesbasis für Österreich VL - 11 ID - 1989 ER - TY - MGZN AB - We apply the Analogue-Method originally introduced into climate research by Zorita et al. (1995) to generate daily scenarios of precipitation and temperature. To detect predictor fields that yield statistically robust realizations of the link between the different scales, a large number of reanalysis fields are entered into a validation procedure, which involves precipitation. To derive consistent local scale scenarios, it is preferable to generate temperature and precipitation with only one predictor. However, it is also important that these predictors are reasonably simulated within the general circulation model (GCM), that provides the large scale scenarios. Here, sea level pressure (SLP) and relative topographie is used to derive local scale scenarios. In case of temperature the scenarios which are based on the relative topographie show clear increases whereas the SLP-scenarios show only little changes. In case of precipitation relative topographie yields drastic reductions of the seasonal sums. SLP on the other hand leads to both increases as well as decreases. The achieved results are presented and their consequences are discussed in detail. Examples are climatic elements of second order as heat- and summerdays, ice- and chilldays and the growing degree season. Changes in the seasonal precipitation sums and the intensity of rain events, as well as precipitation sums below zero degree are also analyzed. AU - Matulla, C. AU - Haas, P. AU - Wagner, S. AU - Zorita, E. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. PY - 2004 SN - 0344-9629 SP - 74 ST - Anwendung der Analog-Methode in komplexem Terrain: Klimaaenderungsszenarien auf Tagesbasis fuer Oesterreich. TI - Anwendung der Analog-Methode in komplexem Terrain: Klimaaenderungsszenarien auf Tagesbasis fuer Oesterreich. UR - http://dvsun3.gkss.de/BERICHTE/GKSS_Berichte_2004/GKSS_2004_11.pdf ID - 1990 ER - TY - GEN AU - Matulla, C. AU - N, Groll AU - H, Scheiffinger AU - M, Lexer AU - M, Widmann AU - H, Kromp-Kolb LB - matu01 PY - 2001 ST - Providing a climate change scenario for sample plots of the Austrian National Forest Inventory: Assessing the suitability of multiple linear regression models TI - Providing a climate change scenario for sample plots of the Austrian National Forest Inventory: Assessing the suitability of multiple linear regression models ID - 1991 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matulla, Ch. AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Koch, E. AU - Peter, Ch. LB - matu03 PY - 2003 SP - (2003) ST - Exploring two methods for statistical downscaling of Central European phenological time series TI - Exploring two methods for statistical downscaling of Central European phenological time series ID - 1992 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Matulla, Christoph CY - Türkenschanzstr. 18, A-1180 Vienna, Austria DA - Mai LB - matulla2003 M3 - COSREM N1 - not peer-reviewed PB - Institute of Meteorology and Physics, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences PY - 2003 RP - not peer-reviewed SN - 15 ST - Erstellung lokalskaliger IS92aGHG[+ars] Szenarien TI - Erstellung lokalskaliger IS92aGHG[+ars] Szenarien ID - 1993 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The aim of this study is to derive local scale climate change scenarios for temperature and precipitation at approximately thirty stations in Austria and to discuss the scenarios' dependency on combinations of large scale fields used as predictors in empirical downscaling. We distinguish between the seasons and different climatic provinces in Austria. To accomplish this task we utilize large scale, monthly NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data and station data provided by the Austrian weather service for the second half of the 20th century. These datasets are analyzed by means of Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) and combined via transfer functions derived by Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). The performance of the transfer functions is validated in several validation experiments and used to determine a group of best performing large scale predictors. These predictors are extracted from the IS92a 'greenhouse gas only' (GHG) and IS92a 'greenhouse gas plus aerosols' (GHG+ars) scenarios, performed with the ECHAM4/OPYC3 climate model for the first half of the 21st century and projected onto the local scale by the transfer functions. We discuss the local scale impact of different predictors. In order to assess the bulk properties of these ensembles, those variables which generate the wettest/driest or coolest/warmest changes are further discussed. All changes mentioned below refer to scenarios for the first half of the 21st century compared to observations recorded during the second half of the 20th century. Findings depend on seasons, regions and the scenario actually used. In the case of temperature and the IS92a GHG scenario an overall increase of about 1° to more than 3°C is found. The temperature increase introduced by the IS92a GHG+ars scenario shows around 0.8°C lower values. Differences between the warm and cool realizations are in the same range. In the case of precipitation the performance of the empirical models is substantially lower. For the IS92a GHG differences between wet and dry realizations are in some cases large and do not even allow to define the sign of change. The range of the IS92a GHG+ars ensemble is smaller and indicates moderate seasonal precipitation reductions. Possible reasons that may cause different local scale responses are discussed and an approach of how to deal with them, based on BUSUIOC and VON STROCH, (1996), is proposed. Ziel dieser Studie ist es Klimäanderungsszenarien für Temperatur und Niederschlag an rund 30 Stationen in Österreich abzuleiten sowie die Abhängigkeit dieser Szenarien von verschiedenen Kombinationen großräumiger Prädiktorfelder zu diskutieren. Dabei wird zwischen den Saisonen und verschiedenen Klimaregionen unterschieden. Die Studie beruht auf den NCEP/NCAR Reanalysedaten sowie auf Beobachtungen des österreichischen Wetterdienstes, die auf Monatsbasis für die zweite Hälfte des 20. Jh vorliegen. Diese Datensätze werden mit der Methode der Empirischen Orthogonalfunktionen (EOF) analysiert und mit Hilfe der Kanonischen Korrelationsanalyse (CCA) werden zwischen ihnen Transferfunktionen abgeleitet. Die Leistung der Transferfunktionen wird in verschiedenen Validierungsexperimenten bestimmt und dazu verwendet, Kombinationen von großräumigen Feldern zu detektieren, die die beste Leistung zeigen. Diese Prädiktorfelder werden dann aus dem IS92a ,greenhouse gas only' (GHG) und dem IS92a ,greenhouse gas plus aerosols' (GHG+ars) Szenario, die mit dem ECHAM4/OPYC3 Klimamodell für die erste Hälfte des 21. Jh am Deutschen Klimarechenzentrum berechnet worden sind, extrahiert und mit den Transferfunktionen auf die lokale Skala projiziert. Um die unterschiedlichen Auswirkungen der Prädiktorkombinationen auf die lokalskaligen Szenarien zu beschreiben werden jene Kombinationen diskutiert, die auf die feuchtesten/trockensten bzw. kühlsten/wärmsten Szenarien führen. Mögliche Ursachen für die unterschiedlichen lokalskaligen Szenarien werden diskutiert und basierend auf BUSUIOC and VON STROCH, (1996) wird ein Weg vorgeschlagen sie zu behandeln. AN - 54049 AU - Matulla, Christoph IS - 1 PY - 2005 SN - ISSN 0941-2948 SP - 31-45 ST - Regional, seasonal and predictor-optimized downscaling to provide groups of local scale scenarios in the complex structured terrain of Austria T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift TI - Regional, seasonal and predictor-optimized downscaling to provide groups of local scale scenarios in the complex structured terrain of Austria UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2005/0014-0031 VL - 14 ID - 1994 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - Groll, Nikolaus AU - Kromp-Kolb, Helga AU - Scheifinger, Helfried AU - Lexer, Manfred J. AU - Widmann, Martin DA - September IS - 2 LB - matulla2002a PY - 2002 SP - 161--173 ST - Climate change scenarios at Austrian National Forest Inventory sites T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Climate change scenarios at Austrian National Forest Inventory sites VL - 22 ID - 1995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - Haimberger, Leopold AU - Dorninger, Manfred LB - matulla20000a N1 - not peer-reviewed PY - 2000 ST - Calculating moisture budgets over the Alps using Finite Element Methods T2 - MAP-Newsletter TI - Calculating moisture budgets over the Alps using Finite Element Methods VL - 13 ID - 1996 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - Penlap, Edouard K. AU - Haas, Patrick AU - Formayer, Herbert CY - Max-Planck-Strasse D-21502 Geesthacht DA - March LB - matullas2003c N1 - no p-reviewed PB - GKSS research center PY - 2003 RP - no p-reviewed SN - 8 SP - 27 ST - Detection of homogeneous precipitation regions in Austria during the 20th century TI - Detection of homogeneous precipitation regions in Austria during the 20th century ID - 1997 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - Penlap, Edouard K. AU - Haas, Patrick AU - Formayer, Herbert LB - matulla2003e N1 - submitted PY - 2003 ST - Multivariate techniques to analyse precipitation in Austria during the 20th century T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Multivariate techniques to analyse precipitation in Austria during the 20th century ID - 1998 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wetterdienst, Deutscher AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - Penlap, Edouard K. AU - von Storch, Hans CY - D-63004 Offenbach LB - matulla2003f N1 - not peer-reviewed, Available via www.dwd.de PB - Deutscher Wetterdienst PY - 2003 ST - Empirisches Downscaling -- Überblick und zwei Beispiele T2 - Klimastatusbericht TI - Empirisches Downscaling -- Überblick und zwei Beispiele ID - 1999 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - Scheifinger, Helfried AU - Menzel, Annette AU - Koch, Elisabeth CY - Max-Planck-Strasse D-21502 Geesthacht DA - March LB - matulla2003b N1 - not peer-reviewed PB - GKSS research center PY - 2003 RP - not peer-reviewed SN - 7 SP - 22 ST - Direct downscaling of Central European phenological time series using two empirical techniques TI - Direct downscaling of Central European phenological time series using two empirical techniques ID - 2000 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - Scheifinger, Helfried AU - Menzel, Annette AU - Koch, Elisabeth LB - matulla2003d N1 - in press PY - 2003 ST - Exploring two methods for statistical downscaling of Central European phenological time series T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol TI - Exploring two methods for statistical downscaling of Central European phenological time series ID - 2001 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matulla, Ch AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Koch, E. AU - Peter, Ch LB - matu03 PY - 2003 SP - (2003) ST - Exploring two methods for statistical downscaling of Central European phenological time series TI - Exploring two methods for statistical downscaling of Central European phenological time series ID - 2002 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Matulla, Ewa AU - Bray, Dennis AU - Matulla, Christoph CY - Max-Planck-Strasse D-21502 Geesthacht DA - März LB - matulla2003a M3 - Report N1 - not peer-reviewed PB - GKSS-Forschungszentrum Geesthacht PY - 2003 RP - not peer-reviewed SN - 6 SP - 36 ST - Gegenüberstellung von konventioneller und ökologischer Landwirtschaft in Schleswig-Holstein TI - Gegenüberstellung von konventioneller und ökologischer Landwirtschaft in Schleswig-Holstein ID - 2003 ER - TY - CONF A2 - International Society of Biometeorology, Commission on Climate Tourism and Recreation AU - A., Matzarakis AU - de Freitas, C.R. (Ed.) CY - Freiburg PY - 2001 ST - Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Climate, Tourism and Recreation. TI - Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Climate, Tourism and Recreation. UR - http://www.mif.unifreiburg.de/isb ID - 2004 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. PY - 2001 SP - 265 ST - Die thermische Komponente des Stadtklimas T2 - Wiss. Ber. Meteorol. Inst. Univ. Freiburg TI - Die thermische Komponente des Stadtklimas VL - 6 ID - 2005 ER - TY - CONF AU - Matzarakis, A. CY - Kansas City, Missouri PY - 2002 SP - 391-392 ST - Examples of climate and tourism research for tourism demands T2 - 15th Conference on Biometeorology and Aerobiology joint with the International Congress on Biometeorology TI - Examples of climate and tourism research for tourism demands ID - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. PY - 2006 SP - 99-115 ST - Weather and climate related information for tourism T2 - Tourism and Hospitality Planning & Development TI - Weather and climate related information for tourism VL - 3 ID - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. PY - 2007 SP - 73-79 ST - Entwicklung einer Bewertungsmethodik zur Integration von Wetterund Klimabedingungen im Tourismus T2 - Ber. Meteor. Inst. Univ. Freiburg TI - Entwicklung einer Bewertungsmethodik zur Integration von Wetterund Klimabedingungen im Tourismus VL - 16 ID - 2008 ER - TY - CONF AU - Matzarakis, A. CY - Osnabrück NV - III, 1-24 PY - 2008 ST - Klimawandel und Städte – Stadtklimatischer Einfluss von Bäumen T2 - Osnabrücker Baumpflegetage – Aktiv für Bäume. 30. Sept. und 1. Okt. 2008 TI - Klimawandel und Städte – Stadtklimatischer Einfluss von Bäumen ID - 2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - de Freitas, C.R. PY - 2005 SP - 2-4 ST - Neueste Entwicklungen aus der Tourismus-Klimatologie T2 - Mitt. DMG TI - Neueste Entwicklungen aus der Tourismus-Klimatologie VL - 1 ID - 2010 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - de Freitas, C. AU - Scott, D. PY - 2004 ST - Advances in tourism climatology T2 - Ber. Meteorol. Inst. Univ. Freiburg TI - Advances in tourism climatology VL - 12 ID - 2011 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Universität für Bodenkultur, Department für Wasser – Atmosphäre – Umwelt Institut für Meteorologie AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Endler, Ch. AU - Neumcke, R. AU - Koch, E. AU - Rudel, E. PY - 2007 SP - 22 ST - StartCLIM2006.D2: Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf das klimatische Tourismuspotenzial T2 - Teilprojekt von StartClim2006 TI - StartCLIM2006.D2: Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf das klimatische Tourismuspotenzial UR - http://www.austroclim.at/startclim/ ID - 2012 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Karatarakis, N. AU - Sarantopoulos, A. IS - 41 PY - 2005 SP - 616-619 ST - Tourism climatology and tourism potential for Crete, Greece T2 - Annalen der Meteorologie TI - Tourism climatology and tourism potential for Crete, Greece VL - 2 ID - 2013 ER - TY - SER AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Mayer, H. PB - WHO Newsletter PY - 1996 SP - 7-10 ST - Another kind of environmental stress: Thermal stress TI - Another kind of environmental stress: Thermal stress VL - 18 ID - 2014 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Mayer, H. PY - 1996 SP - 7-10 ST - Another kind of environmental stress: Thermal stress. WHO Colloborating Centre for Air Quality Management and Air Pollution Control T2 - NEWSLETTERS TI - Another kind of environmental stress: Thermal stress. WHO Colloborating Centre for Air Quality Management and Air Pollution Control VL - 18 ID - 2015 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Rutz, F. PY - 2005 SP - 631-636 ST - Application of RayMan for tourism and climate investigations T2 - Annalen der Meteorologie TI - Application of RayMan for tourism and climate investigations VL - 2 ID - 2016 ER - TY - CONF A2 - R.J. de Dear, J.D. Kalma, T.R. Oke and A. Auliciems (eds). A2 - ICB-ICUC’99, Selected Papers from the Conference AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Rutz, F. AU - Mayer, H. CY - Sydney PB - WCASP-50, WMO/TD PY - 2000 SP - 273-278 ST - Estimation and calculation of the mean radiant temperature within urban structures. T2 - Biometeorology and Urban Climatology at the Turn of the Millenium TI - Estimation and calculation of the mean radiant temperature within urban structures. VL - 1026 ID - 2017 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Rutz, F. AU - Mayer, H. PY - 2007 SP - 323-334 ST - Modelling Radiation fluxes in simple and complex environments – Application of the RayMan model T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Modelling Radiation fluxes in simple and complex environments – Application of the RayMan model VL - 51 ID - 2018 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Matzarakis, A., de Freitas, C., Scott, D. (eds.) AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Zygmuntowski, M. AU - Koch, E. AU - Rudel, E. CY - Ber. Meteorol. Inst. Univ. Freiburg PY - 2004 SP - 10-18 ST - Mapping the thermal bioclimate of Austria for recreation tourism T2 - Advances in tourism climatology TI - Mapping the thermal bioclimate of Austria for recreation tourism VL - 12 ID - 2019 ER - TY - THES A3 - Mayer, Helmut AU - Matzarakis, Andreas CY - Freiburg PB - Universität Freiburg PY - 2001 ST - Die thermischen Komponente des Stadtklimas T2 - Meteorologisches Institut der Universität Freiburg TI - Die thermischen Komponente des Stadtklimas VL - Prof. ID - 2020 ER - TY - JOUR AB - For 12 selected synoptic stations of the Greek Weather Service, the daily 12 UTC values of the thermal index Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) were calculated for the years 1980 to 1989. The locally varied occurrence of diverse thermal sensation and particularly of strong heat stress were analysed in relation to the human-biometeorological significance. With the help of a statistical model, PMV values of individual stations were transformed into a high-resolution bioclimatic map. The map presents the average annual number of days with at least strong heat stress (PMV>3.0). AU - Matzarakis, Andreas AU - Mayer, H. DO - 10.1007/s004840050051 IS - 1 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 1997 SN - 0020-7128 SP - 34-39 ST - Heat stress in Greece T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Heat stress in Greece UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004840050051 VL - 41 ID - 2021 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The physiological equivalent temperature, PET, is a thermal index derived from the human energy balance. It is well suited to the evaluation of the thermal component of different climates. As well as having a detailed physiological basis, PET is preferable to other thermal indexes like the predicted mean vote because of its unit (°C), which makes results more comprehensible to urban or regional planners, for example, who are not so familiar with modern human-biometeorological terminology. PET results can be presented graphically or as bioclimatic maps. Graphs mostly display the temporal behaviour of PET, whereas spatial distribution is specified in bioclimatic maps. In this article, some applications of PET are discussed. They relate to the evaluation of the urban heat island in cities in both temperate climates and warm climates at high altitude. The thermal component of the microclimate in the trunk space of a deciduous forest is also evaluated by PET. As an example of the spatial distribution of PET, a bioclimatic map for Greece in July (Mediterranean climate) is presented. AU - Matzarakis, Andreas AU - Mayer, H. AU - Iziomon, M. G. DO - 10.1007/s004840050119 IS - 2 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 1999 SN - 0020-7128 SP - 76-84 ST - Applications of a universal thermal index: physiological equivalent temperature T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Applications of a universal thermal index: physiological equivalent temperature UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004840050119 VL - 43 ID - 2022 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The most important meteorological parameter affecting the human energy balance during sunny weather conditions is the mean radiant temperature T mrt . It considers the uniform temperature of a surrounding surface giving off blackbody radiation, which results in the same energy gain of a human body given the prevailing radiation fluxes. This energy gain usually varies considerably in open space conditions. In this paper, the model ‘RayMan’, used for the calculation of short- and long-wave radiation fluxes on the human body, is presented. The model, which takes complex urban structures into account, is suitable for several applications in urban areas such as urban planning and street design. The final output of the model is, however, the calculated T mrt , which is required in the human energy balance model, and thus also for the assessment of the urban bioclimate, with the use of thermal indices such as predicted mean vote (PMV), physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) and standard effective temperature (SET*). The model has been developed based on the German VDI-Guidelines 3789, Part II (environmental meteorology, interactions between atmosphere and surfaces; calculation of short- and long-wave radiation) and VDI-3787 (environmental meteorology, methods for the human-biometeorological evaluation of climate and air quality for urban and regional planning. Part I: climate). The validation of the results of the RayMan model agrees with similar results obtained from experimental studies. AU - Matzarakis, Andreas AU - Rutz, Frank AU - Mayer, Helmut DO - 10.1007/s00484-006-0061-8 IS - 4 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 2007 SN - 0020-7128 SP - 323-334 ST - Modelling radiation fluxes in simple and complex environments—application of the RayMan model T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology TI - Modelling radiation fluxes in simple and complex environments—application of the RayMan model UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-006-0061-8 VL - 51 ID - 2023 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Maurer, W. PY - 1998 SP - 240 pp ST - Flora der Steiermark, Band 2/1: Verwachsenkronblättrige Blütenpflan-zen (Sympetale). IHW Verlag (Eching). TI - Flora der Steiermark, Band 2/1: Verwachsenkronblättrige Blütenpflan-zen (Sympetale). IHW Verlag (Eching) ID - 2024 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Maurer, W. CY - Eching PB - IHW Verlag PY - 1998 SP - 240 ST - Flora der Steiermark, Band 2/1: Verwachsenkronblättrige Blütenpflan-zen (Sympetale). IHW Verlag (Eching). T2 - Flora der Steiermark TI - Verwachsenkronblättrige Blütenpflanzen (Sympetale). VL - Band 2/1 ID - 2025 ER - TY - CHAP AU - H., MAYER M1 - 17 PY - 2008 SP - 101-117 ST - KLIMES - a joint research project on human thermal comfort in cities T2 - Berichte des Meteorologischen Instituts der Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg TI - KLIMES - a joint research project on human thermal comfort in cities UR - http://www.klimazwei.de/ProjektezumSchutzvorKlimawirkungen/Projekt%C3%BCbersicht/KLIMES/tabid/125/language/de-DE/Default.aspx (abgerufen 21.02.2013) ID - 2026 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Mayer, H. CY - Stuttgart PB - Gustav Fischer-Verlag PY - 1976 SP - 436 ST - Gebirgswaldbau-Schutzwaldpflege. Gustav Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart: 436. TI - Gebirgswaldbau-Schutzwaldpflege. ID - 2027 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MAYER, H. PY - 1976 ST - Gebirgswaldbau-Schutzwaldpflege. Gustav Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart: 436. TI - Gebirgswaldbau-Schutzwaldpflege. Gustav Fischer-Verlag, Stuttgart: 436 ID - 2028 ER - TY - CHAP AU - MAYER, H. AU - HOLST, J. AU - DOSTAL, P. AU - IMBERY, F. AU - SCHINDLER, D. CY - Freiburg PY - 2008 SP - 241-250 ST - Human thermal comfort in summer within an urban street canyon in Central Europe T2 - Berichte des Meteorologischen Instituts der Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg TI - Human thermal comfort in summer within an urban street canyon in Central Europe VL - 17 ID - 2029 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mayer, H. AU - Kalberlah, F. AU - Ahrens, D. AU - Reuter, U. PY - 2002 SP - 177-183 ST - Analysis of indices for the assessment of the air T2 - Gefahrstoffe-Reinhaltung der Luft TI - Analysis of indices for the assessment of the air VL - 62 ID - 2030 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Aichinger, Erwin AN - AC01906176 AU - Mayer, Hannes CY - Wien KW - Ostalpen - L=EF=BF=BDrche - Pflanzengesellschaft BOK50 Ostalpen L=EF=BF=BDrche Pflanzengesellschaft N1 - Literaturverz. S. 76 UBBW Hauptbibl. Magazin Z-555/17 Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WN-8121/17 Entlehnbar PB - Springer PY - 1962 SP - 1-56 ST - Gesellschaftsanschluss der Lärche und Grundlagen ihrer natürlichen Verbreitung in den Ostalpen T2 - Angewandte Pflanzensoziologie TI - Gesellschaftsanschluss der Lärche und Grundlagen ihrer natürlichen Verbreitung in den Ostalpen VL - Heft XVII ID - 2031 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Hartmann, Friedrich-Karl AN - AC00243485 AU - Mayer, Hannes CY - Stuttgart KW - Ostalpen - Wald BOK50 Ostalpen Wald =EF=BF=BDkologie Waldgesellschaft N1 - Literaturverz. S. 298 - 320 UBBW Hauptbibl. Lesesaal II-36212/3 Nicht entlehnb. UBBW Dpt.Integrative Biologie Wildbiologie 832-3806 am Inst. = fragen UBBW Dpt.Integrative Biologie Integrat. Naturforsch. 834-941 am = Inst. fragen UBBW FB Landschaftsplanung Bibliothek LAP-3028 Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,1 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,10 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,11 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,12 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,13 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,14 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,15 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,16 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,17 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,18 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,19 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,2 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,20 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,21 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,22 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,23 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,3 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,4 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,5 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,6 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,7 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,8 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.20-1/1A,9 = Entlehnbar UBBW Dpt.Raum,Landschaft Raumplanung 855-377 am Inst. fragen UBBW WasserCluster Lunz Bibliothek WCL-554 vor Ort fragen UBBW FB SOWIRE Kompaktmagazin F1-12188 Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Ausgeschieden WB-2488 Ausgeschieden UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WB-2489/a Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WB-2489/b Entlehnbar UBBW Dpt.Wald-,Bodenwiss. Waldwachstumsforschung 914-103 am Inst. = fragen UBBW Dpt.Wald-,Bodenwiss. Lehrforst 917-10 am Inst. fragen PB - Fischer PY - 1974 SN - 3-437-30166-7 SP - XV, 344 S. ST - Wälder des Ostalpenraumes T2 - Ökologie der Wälder und Landschaften ; 3 TI - Wälder des Ostalpenraumes ID - 2032 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC00476955 AU - Mayer, Hannes CY - Stuttgart [u.a.] ET - 4. Auflage KW - Waldbau - Lehrbuch BOK50 Waldbau Lehrbuch PB - Fischer PY - 1992 SN - 3-437-30684-7 SP - 522 S. ST - Waldbau auf soziologisch-ökologischer Grundlage TI - Waldbau auf soziologisch-ökologischer Grundlage VL - 4 ID - 2033 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC00148445 AU - Mayer, Hannes AU - Ott, Ernst CY - Stuttgart [u.a.] KW - Alpen - Gebirgswald - Waldbau - - Alpen - Schutzwald - Waldpflege = BOK50 Alpen Gebirgswald Waldbau Schutzwald Waldpflege N1 - Literaturverz. S. [540] - 578 UBBW Hauptbibl. Lesesaal I-38513/2.Aufl. Nicht entlehnb. UBBW Hauptbibl. Nicht lieferbar Nicht lieferbar UBBW Dpt.Integrative Biologie Wildbiologie 832-3171 am Inst. = fragen UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,1 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,10 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,11 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,12 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,13 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,14 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,15 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,16 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,17 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,18 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,19 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,2 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,20 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,21 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,22 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,3 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,4 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,5 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,6 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,7 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,8 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-1/2A,9 = Entlehnbar UBBW FB SOWIRE Lesesaal F1-10307 Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WL-1279/2.Aufl.,a Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WL-1279/2.Aufl.,b Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Verlust 405-4278/W30-48 Verlust UBBW Dpt.Wald-,Bodenwiss. Waldwachstumsforschung 914-1658 am Inst. = fragen UBBW Dpt.Wald-,Bodenwiss. Lehrforst 917-9 am Inst. fragen PB - Fischer PY - 1991 SN - 3-437-30658-8 3-437-30659-6 SP - 587 S. ST - Gebirgswaldbau - Schutzwaldpflege TI - Gebirgswaldbau - Schutzwaldpflege VL - 2 ID - 2034 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 276711645 AU - Mayer, Hannes AU - Ott, Ernst CY - Stuttgart [u.a.] DB - SB Berlin PK ET - 2., vollst. neu bearb. Aufl PB - G. Fischer PY - 1991 SN - 3-437-30659-6 SP - XVII, 587 S ST - Gebirgswaldbau Schutzwaldpflege. Ein waldbaulicher Beitrag zur Landschaftsökologie und zum Umweltschutz ; 25 Tabellen TI - Gebirgswaldbau Schutzwaldpflege. Ein waldbaulicher Beitrag zur Landschaftsökologie und zum Umweltschutz ; 25 Tabellen ID - 2035 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - BOEHM, A. A2 - MENGEL, A. A2 - MUHR, T. (Ed.) A3 - e.V, Gesellschaft für Angewandte Informationswissenschaft (GAIK) AB - Grounded Theory läßt sich als gegenstandsverankerte Theorienbildung übersetzen. Damit wird bereits angedeutet, daß das Ziel der Arbeiten in der Grounded Theory meist bereichsspezifisch ist, daß es nicht darum geht, universell gültige Theorien und Modelle zu bilden. Die amerikanischen Soziologen Anselm Strauss und Bamey Glaser schufen mit der Grounded Theory (GT) eine umfassende Konzeption des sozialwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnis- und Forschungsprozesses. Sie reicht von ersten Ideen zu einer Forschungsfragestellung über die Konzeption einer Untersuchung, Auswahl von Datenmaterial, Analyse und Interpretation von Daten bis zum Erstellen eines Manuskripts. Die GT erlaubt auf der Basis von Forschung in einem bestimmten Gegenstandsbereich eine Theorie zu formulieren, die aus miteinander verknüpften Konzepten besteht (Netzwerk) und geeignet ist, eine Beschreibung und Erklärung der untersuchten sozialen Phänomene zu geben. AU - MAYRING, P. CY - Konstanz KW - grounded theory methodology theory formation hermeneutics data analysis reception text coding qualitative method social research PB - Konstanz: Univ.-Verl. Konstanz PY - 1994 SN - 3-87940-503-4 SP - 121-140 ST - Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse T2 - Texte verstehen - Konzepte, Methoden, Werkzeuge TI - Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse ID - 3533 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Mayring, P. CY - Weinheim/Basel PB - Beltz PY - 2002 ST - Einführung in die qualitative Sozialforschung TI - Einführung in die qualitative Sozialforschung VL - 5.Aufl. ID - 2036 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Mayring, P. CY - Weinheim und Basel PB - Bletz Verlag PY - 2003 ST - Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. Grundlagen und Techniken TI - Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. Grundlagen und Techniken ID - 2037 ER - TY - BOOK AU - MAZEK-FIALLA, K. CY - Wien PB - Österreichischer Agrarverlag PY - 1967 ST - 10 Jahre Bodenschutz in Niederösterreich. Die Bodenschutzmaßnahmen und ihre wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen TI - 10 Jahre Bodenschutz in Niederösterreich. Die Bodenschutzmaßnahmen und ihre wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen ID - 2038 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MCANENEY, K.J. AU - SALINGER, M.J. AU - PORTEOUS, A.S. AU - BARBER, R.F. PY - 1990 SE - 177 SP - 13 ST - Modification of an orchard climate with increasing shelter-belt height. T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Modification of an orchard climate with increasing shelter-belt height. VL - 49 ID - 2039 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Radiata pine log velocity (related to wood stiffness), branch size, taper, log sweep and overall log value were assessed in 112 plots on two topographically diverse sites in the South Island of New Zealand. Log velocity decreased, branch size increased and sweep also increased with increasing altitude and decreasing TOPEX, however these relationships differed significantly between sites. Taper increased and value per log decreased with increasing altitude. These latter two relationships did not differ significantly between the two sites studied. The results suggest that exposure to wind should be represented in predictive models of log quality, but that reasons for differences in relationships between sites need to be identified before such models can be applied globally. AU - McCallum, D.J. AU - Mason, E.G. AU - Whitley, B. IS - 3 PY - 2007 SP - 10-16 ST - Influence of exposure and elevation on radiata pine branch size, log velocity, sweep, taper and value T2 - New Zealand Journal of Forestry TI - Influence of exposure and elevation on radiata pine branch size, log velocity, sweep, taper and value VL - 52 ID - 2040 ER - TY - CHAP AU - McCarthy, J. J. AU - Canziani, O. F. AU - Leary, N. A. AU - Dokken, D. J. AU - White, K. S. LB - mccarthy2001 N1 - (Editors) PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2001 ST - Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change T2 - Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability TI - Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ID - 2041 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McCarty, J. P. LB - mcca01 PY - 2001 SP - 320-331 ST - Ecological consequences of recent climate change T2 - Conserv. Biol. TI - Ecological consequences of recent climate change VL - 15 ID - 2042 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Ozone “mini‐holes” represent regions of low total ozone (<300 D U) that persist for several days over extratropical latitudes in winter. These events are usually associated with breaking Rossby waves in the upper troposphere that allow poleward injections of ozone‐poor, low potential vorticity (PV) tropospheric air into the lower stratosphere. Using daily TOMS total ozone data together with daily PV maps derived from reanalyzed NCEP data, the interannual variability of ozone mini‐hole events in the northern hemisphere is investigated for one winter month (February) during the 1979–1993 period. For this purpose, the total area of anomalously low total ozone and PV between 40°N and 50°N and between 90°W and 90°E is computed for February of each year. The low‐ozone and low‐PV areas both peak during February of 1988, 1989, and 1990, coincident with the lowest monthly zonal mean total ozone values observed at northern midlatitudes prior to the Pinatubo eruption. AU - McCormack, John P. AU - Hood, Lon L. DO - 10.1029/97GL02642 IS - 21 KW - 0341 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— constituent transport and chemistry 0340 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— composition and chemistry PY - 1997 SN - 0094-8276 SP - 2647-2650 ST - The frequency and size of ozone “mini‐hole” events at northern midlatitudes in February T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - The frequency and size of ozone “mini‐hole” events at northern midlatitudes in February UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97GL02642 VL - 24 ID - 2043 ER - TY - BOOK AU - McCullagh, P. AU - Nelder, J. A. CY - London PB - Chapman and Hall PY - 1989 ST - Generalized Linear Models. Chapman and Hall, London. TI - Generalized Linear Models ID - 2044 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McCullagh, P AU - Nelder, J.A. PY - 1989 ST - Generalized Linear Models. Chapman and Hall, London. TI - Generalized Linear Models. Chapman and Hall, London ID - 2045 ER - TY - BOOK AU - McCune, B. CY - Gleneden Beach, Oregon, USA PY - 2005 ST - PC-ORD. Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data, Version 5. MjM Software Design TI - PC-ORD. Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data, Version 5. MjM Software Design ID - 2046 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Contents Summary1I.Introduction2II. Consequences of vegetation mortality3III.Global patterns of mortality3IV.Hypotheses on mechanisms of drought-related mortality4V.Evidence for hypothesized mechanisms5VI.Implications of future climate on hypothesized mortality mechanisms13VII.Conclusions15Acknowledgements15References15 Summary Severe droughts have been associated with regional-scale forest mortality worldwide. Climate change is expected to exacerbate regional mortality events; however, prediction remains difficult because the physiological mechanisms underlying drought survival and mortality are poorly understood. We developed a hydraulically based theory considering carbon balance and insect resistance that allowed development and examination of hypotheses regarding survival and mortality. Multiple mechanisms may cause mortality during drought. A common mechanism for plants with isohydric regulation of water status results from avoidance of drought-induced hydraulic failure via stomatal closure, resulting in carbon starvation and a cascade of downstream effects such as reduced resistance to biotic agents. Mortality by hydraulic failure per se may occur for isohydric seedlings or trees near their maximum height. Although anisohydric plants are relatively drought-tolerant, they are predisposed to hydraulic failure because they operate with narrower hydraulic safety margins during drought. Elevated temperatures should exacerbate carbon starvation and hydraulic failure. Biotic agents may amplify and be amplified by drought-induced plant stress. Wet multidecadal climate oscillations may increase plant susceptibility to drought-induced mortality by stimulating shifts in hydraulic architecture, effectively predisposing plants to water stress. Climate warming and increased frequency of extreme events will probably cause increased regional mortality episodes. Isohydric and anisohydric water potential regulation may partition species between survival and mortality, and, as such, incorporating this hydraulic framework may be effective for modeling plant survival and mortality under future climate conditions. AU - McDowell, Nate AU - Pockman, William T. AU - Allen, Craig D. AU - Breshears, David D. AU - Cobb, Neil AU - Kolb, Thomas AU - Plaut, Jennifer AU - Sperry, John AU - West, Adam AU - Williams, David G. AU - Yepez, Enrico A. DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02436.x IS - 4 KW - climate die-off hydraulics vegetation mortality water relations PY - 2008 SN - 1469-8137 SP - 719-739 ST - Mechanisms of plant survival and mortality during drought: why do some plants survive while others succumb to drought? T2 - New Phytologist TI - Mechanisms of plant survival and mortality during drought: why do some plants survive while others succumb to drought? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02436.x VL - 178 ID - 2047 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Zamembka, P. AU - McFadden, D. CY - New York J2 - Conditional logit analysis of qualitative choice behaviour. PY - 1974 SP - 105-142 ST - Conditional logit analysis of qualitative choice behaviour T2 - Frontiers of Econometrics TI - Conditional logit analysis of qualitative choice behaviour ID - 2048 ER - TY - CONF AU - McKee, T. B. AU - Doesken, N. J. AU - Kleist, J. CY - Anaheim, CA DA - January 17-22 LB - mckee1993 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1993 SP - 179-184 ST - The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales T2 - Preprints, 8th Conference on Applied Climatology TI - The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales ID - 2049 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McKee, T. B. AU - Doesken, N. J. AU - Kleist, J. DA - Jan. LB - mckee1995 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1995 SP - 233-236 ST - Drought monitoring with multiple time scales T2 - Ninth Conference on Applied Climatology, American Meteorological Society TI - Drought monitoring with multiple time scales VL - 15 ID - 2050 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McKinlay, A.F. AU - Diffey, B.L. PY - 1987 SP - 17-22 ST - A reference action spectrum for ultraviolet induced erythema in human T2 - CIE Journal (Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage) TI - A reference action spectrum for ultraviolet induced erythema in human VL - 6 ID - 2051 ER - TY - RPRT AU - MCKINNEY, C. AU - MAULDIN, C. AU - GARDSTEIN, C. CY - New York PY - 2010 ST - High Performance Landscape Guidelines TI - High Performance Landscape Guidelines ID - 2052 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McNeely, J. A. LB - mcne00 PY - 2000 SP - 171-189 ST - The future of alien invasive species: changing social views T2 - Mooney, H.A and Hobbs, R.J. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world. Island Press, Washington, DC TI - The future of alien invasive species: changing social views ID - 2053 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McNeely, J. A. AU - Mooney AU - H.A AU - Neville AU - L.E AU - Schei AU - P AU - Waage AU - J.K LB - mcne01 PY - 2001 SP - 50 ST - A global strategy on invasive alien species T2 - IUCN Gland, Switzerland TI - A global strategy on invasive alien species ID - 2054 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McNeely, J.A. LB - mcne00 PY - 2000 SP - 171-189 ST - The future of alien invasive species: changing social views T2 - Mooney, H.A and Hobbs, R.J. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world. Island Press, Washington, DC TI - The future of alien invasive species: changing social views ID - 2055 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McNeely, J.A. AU - Mooney AU - H.A. AU - Neville AU - L.E. AU - Schei AU - P. AU - Waage AU - J.K. LB - mcne01 PY - 2001 SP - 50 ST - A global strategy on invasive alien species T2 - IUCN Gland, Switzerland TI - A global strategy on invasive alien species ID - 2056 ER - TY - RPRT AU - McPeters, R.D. AU - Bhartia, P.K. AU - Krueger, A.J. AU - Herman, J.R. AU - Wellemeyer, C.G. AU - Seftor, C.J. AU - Jaross, G. AU - Torres, O. AU - Moy, L. AU - Labow, G. AU - Byerly, W. AU - Taylor, S.L. AU - Swissler, T. AU - Cebula, R.P. CY - Greenbelt, MD, USA PY - 1998 ST - Earth Probe Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) Data Products User's Guide T2 - NASA Reference Publication TI - Earth Probe Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) Data Products User's Guide ID - 2057 ER - TY - JOUR AU - McSwiney, C.P. AU - Snapp, S.S. AU - Gentry, L.E. IS - 3 KW - cereal rye cover crop maize nitrate nitrogen rate study nitrous oxide winter wheat PY - 2010 SE - 648 SP - 648-662 ST - Use of N immobilization to tighten the N cycle in conventional agroecosystems T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Use of N immobilization to tighten the N cycle in conventional agroecosystems VL - 20 ID - 3361 ER - TY - JOUR AU - S., Medina AU - A., Plasència AU - H.-G., Mücke PY - 2002 SP - 499-502 ST - Health Impact Assessment of Air Pollution in 26 European Cities - First Results in of the APHEIS study T2 - Pollution Athmosperrique TI - Health Impact Assessment of Air Pollution in 26 European Cities - First Results in of the APHEIS study VL - 176 ID - 2058 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Solomon, Susan A2 - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Working Group, Science A2 - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate, Change A2 - Buch, C. D. R. O. M. Online-Zugang U. B. W. AB - Literaturangaben AN - AC06009508 AU - MEEHL, G. A. AU - STOCKER, T. F. AU - COLLINS, W. D. AU - FRIEDLINGSTEIN, P. AU - GAYE, A. T. AU - GREGORY, J. M. AU - KITOH, A. AU - KNUTTI, R. AU - MURPHY, J. M. AU - NODA, A. AU - PRAPER, S. C. B. AU - WATTERSON, I. G. AU - WEEVER, A. J. AU - ZHAO, Z.-C. CY - Cambridge [u.a.] KW - Klimaänderung Aufsatzsammlung N1 - (Zugänglich im Bereich der Universität Wien) Bd-Zählung lt. Vorw. Bd-Zählung lt. Vorw. Bd. 1; 4 Bd. geplant YSOFE 00013 23037/1 JHB FH AR 23100 S689 A071 M4 45272 A160 F MetG-5943 HWAU 814 814-M2315 34.53a DNW L CD-Beilage zu 33.1.1-246,1 DNW L 33.1.1-246,1 BHB MAG II 688198/1 BSC 640:C639 HWHW LES WHW-4534/1 Klima, Meteorologie HWHW LES WHW-4534/1,CD-ROM Klima, Meteorologie EHB 9700C 851678 CDR YBFMB MAG 22951 / 1 JHB NBM 1347-CDR EHB 8GEO GEO:760 (2007) E222 2222 E222 2222 zu 2007-22802 CDR BSBO C-646 A071 AV CD1.655 CHB ME DISC4961 BHB CDROM II 688198/1,CD-ROM CHB SE 600/RB 10438 C639-2007,1 700/135 PB - Cambridge Univ. Press PY - 2007 SN - 978-0-521-88009-1 978-0-521-70596-7 SP - VIII, 996 S. ST - <> physical science basis Climate change 2007 contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change contribution of ... to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change T2 - <> physical science basis Climate change 2007 contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change contribution of ... to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - <> physical science basis Climate change 2007 contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change contribution of ... to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change UR - http://www.gbv.de/du/services/gLink/2.1/531259420/8445/http://ipcc-wg1.ucar.edu/wg1/wg1-report.html Lokaler Onlinezugang (Zugänglich im Bereich der Universität Wien) htm UR - http://permalink.obvsg.at/AC06009508 ID - 2059 ER - TY - GEN AU - Meger, S. CY - Vienna PB - University of Vienna PY - 1997 SP - 106 ST - Stickstoffkreislauf und Methanoxidation in Buchenwäldern TI - Stickstoffkreislauf und Methanoxidation in Buchenwäldern ID - 2060 ER - TY - GEN AU - Meger, S. AU - Boltenstern, S. Zechmeister - NV - 4 PY - 1999 SP - 229-248 ST - Emission und Abbau von Treibhausgasen (NO2, CH4 und CO2) in Buchenwäldern T2 - Centralblatt für das gesamte Forstwesen TI - Emission und Abbau von Treibhausgasen (NO2, CH4 und CO2) in Buchenwäldern VL - 116 ID - 2061 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Mehta, Manjari. CY - Kathmandu, Nepal PB - International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD, Hrsg.) PY - 2007 ST - Gender Matters. Lessons for Disaster Risk Reduction in South Asia TI - Gender Matters. Lessons for Disaster Risk Reduction in South Asia ID - 3643 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meijer, T. AU - Nienaber AU - U AU - Langer AU - U AU - Trillmich AU - F LB - meij99 PY - 1999 SP - 124-132 ST - Temperature and timing of egg-laying of European Starlings T2 - Condor TI - Temperature and timing of egg-laying of European Starlings VL - 10 ID - 2062 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meijer, T. AU - Nienaber AU - U. AU - Langer AU - Trillmich AU - F. LB - meij99 PY - 1999 SP - 124-132 ST - Temperature and timing of egg-laying of European Starlings T2 - Condor TI - Temperature and timing of egg-laying of European Starlings VL - 10 ID - 2063 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meile, P. PY - 1980 SP - 51-58 ST - Zur Platzkonkurrenz von Balzplätzen und Wintersportanlagen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg. T2 - Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg TI - Zur Platzkonkurrenz von Balzplätzen und Wintersportanlagen VL - 16 ID - 2064 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MEILE, P. PY - 1980 SP - 16: 51-58. ST - Zur Platzkonkurrenz von Balzplätzen und Wintersportanlagen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg. TI - Zur Platzkonkurrenz von Balzplätzen und Wintersportanlagen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg ID - 2065 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Meile, P. M. AU - Ratti, Giacometti P. CY - Bern PB - Salm PY - 2003 ST - Der Steinbock – Biologie und Jagd. Bern: Salm. TI - Der Steinbock – Biologie und Jagd ID - 2066 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MEILE, P., M. GIACOMETTI, P. RATTI PY - 2003 ST - Der Steinbock – Biologie und Jagd. Bern: Salm. TI - Der Steinbock – Biologie und Jagd. Bern: Salm ID - 2067 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this article, we report the case of a 16-month-old German boy who was admitted to the Children's Hospital of Stuttgart with a 4-week history of intermittent fever, decreased appetite, weakness, fatigue, and difficulty sleeping. He was healthy at birth and remained so for the first 15 months of his life. On admission, physical examination showed enlarged cervical, axillary, and inguinal lymph nodes, as well as hepatosplenomegaly. Laboratory data revealed pancytopenia, elevated liver function tests, and hypergammaglobulinemia. Blood, stool, and urine culture results were negative. Viral infections and rheumatologic and autoimmune disorders were ruled out, but a positive titer for Leishmania antibodies was noted. In a liver and bone marrow biopsy, the amastigote form of the parasite could not be seen in cells. The promastigote form of Leishmania was found and the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis was made by combining the cultures of both the liver and the bone marrow biopsy material in 5 mL 0.9% saline on brain heart infusion agar, supplemented with defibrinated rabbit blood and incubated at 25 to 26 degrees C for 5 days. The parasite was identified by Southern blot analysis as Leishmania infantum. Specific therapy with the antimonial compound sodium stibogluconate with a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight was begun immediately. Within 4 days, the patient became afebrile. The side effects of treatment, including erosive gastritis, cholelithiasis, worsening hepatosplenomegaly, elevation of liver enzymes, pancreatitis, and electrocardiogram abnormalities, necessitated the discontinuation of treatment after 17 days. On discharge 4 weeks later, the patient was stabilized and afebrile with a normal spleen, normal complete blood count, normal gammaglobulins, and decreasing antibody titers to Leishmania. During the next 24 months, the patient experienced intermittent episodes of abdominal pain, decreased appetite, recurrent arthralgia, and myalgia. But at his last examination in January 1998, he was well; all symptoms mentioned above had disappeared. Because the child had never left Germany, nonvector transmission was suspected and household contacts were examined. His mother was the only one who had a positive antibody titer against Leishmania donovani complex. She had traveled several times to endemic Mediterranean areas (Portugal, Malta, and Corse) before giving birth to the boy. But she had never been symptomatic for visceral leishmaniasis. Her bone marrow, spleen, and liver biopsy results were within normal limits. Culture results and polymerase chain reaction of this material were negative. A Montenegro skin test result was positive, indicating a previous infection with Leishmania. Western blot analysis showed specific recognition by maternal antibodies of antigens of Leishmania cultured from the boy's tissue. Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic to several tropical and subtropical countries, but also to the Mediterranean region. It is transmitted by the sand fly (Phlebotomus, Lutzomyia). Occasional nonvector transmissions also have been reported through blood transfusions, sexual intercourse, organ transplants, excrements of dogs, and sporadically outside endemic areas. Only 8 cases of congenital acquired disease have been described before 1995, when our case occurred. In our patient, additional evaluation showed that the asymptomatic mother must have had a subclinical infection with Leishmania that was reactivated by pregnancy, and then congenitally transmitted to the child. Visceral leishmaniasis has to be considered in children with fever, pancytopenia, and splenomegaly, even if the child has not been to an endemic area and even if there is no evidence of the disease in his environment, because leishmaniasis can be transmitted congenitally from an asymptomatic mother to her child. AU - Meinecke, C.K. AU - Schottelius, J. AU - Oskam, L. AU - Fleischer, B. IS - 5 KW - visceral leishmaniasis in infantskala azarcongenital transmissionnonvector transmission PY - 1999 SP - e65 ST - Congenital transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (Kala Azar) from an asymptomatic mother to her child T2 - Pediatrics TI - Congenital transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (Kala Azar) from an asymptomatic mother to her child UR - http://www.pediatricsdigest.mobi/content/104/5/e65.full VL - 104 ID - 2068 ER - TY - BOOK AU - MEINERT, G. AU - MITTNACHT, A. CY - Stuttgart PB - Verlag Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co PY - 1992 ST - Integrierter Pflanzenschutz, Unkräuter, Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Ackerbau TI - Integrierter Pflanzenschutz, Unkräuter, Krankheiten und Schädlinge im Ackerbau ID - 2069 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This review emphasizes recent developments and controversies related to the uptake, transport and loss of water by trees. Comparisons of the stable isotope composition of soil and xylem water have provided new and sometimes unexpected insights concerning spatial and temporal partitioning of soil water by roots. Passive, hydraulic redistribution of water from moister to drier portions of the soil profile via plant root systems may have a substantial impact on vertical profiles of soil water distribution, partitioning of water within and among species, and on ecosystem water balance. The recent development of a technique for direct measurement of pressure in individual xylem elements of intact, transpiring plants elicited a number of challenges to the century-old cohesion–tension theory. The ongoing debate over mechanisms of long-distance water transport has stimulated an intense interest in the phenomenon and mechanisms of embolism repair. Rather than embolism being essentially irreversible, it now appears that there is a dynamic balance between embolism formation and repair throughout the day and that daily release of water from the xylem via cavitation may serve to stabilize leaf water balance by minimizing the temporal imbalance between water supply and demand. Leaf physiology is closely linked to hydraulic architecture and hydraulic perturbations, but the precise nature of the signals to which stomata respond remains to be elucidated. When water transport in trees is studied at multiple scales from single leaves to the whole organism, considerable functional convergence in regulation of water use among phylogenetically diverse species is revealed. AU - Meinzer, Frederick C. AU - Clearwater, Michael J. AU - Goldstein, Guillermo DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-8472(01)00074-0 IS - 3 KW - Plant–water relations Cohesion theory Soil water partitioning Hydraulic architecture Xylem cavitation Capacitance PY - 2001 SN - 0098-8472 SP - 239-262 ST - Water transport in trees: current perspectives, new insights and some controversies T2 - Environmental and Experimental Botany TI - Water transport in trees: current perspectives, new insights and some controversies UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0098847201000740 VL - 45 ID - 2070 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Meißl, G. PB - Selbstverlag d. Inst. für Geographie d. Univ. Innsbruck PY - 1998 SP - 249 ST - Modellierung der Reichweite von Felsstürzen. Fallbeispiele zur GISgestützten Gefahrenbeurteilung aus dem bayrischen und Tiroler Alpenraum T2 - Innsbrucker Geographische Studien TI - Modellierung der Reichweite von Felsstürzen. Fallbeispiele zur GISgestützten Gefahrenbeurteilung aus dem bayrischen und Tiroler Alpenraum VL - 28 ID - 2071 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Meister, R. LB - meis98 PB - Univ.f. Bodenkultur Wien PY - 1998 SP - S.89 ST - Flug-, Brut- und Entwicklungszyklen des Kupferstechers, Pityogenes chalcographus L (Col.; Scol.), in Abhängigkeit vom Überwinterungsstadium. Diplomarbeit TI - Flug-, Brut- und Entwicklungszyklen des Kupferstechers, Pityogenes chalcographus L (Col.; Scol.), in Abhängigkeit vom Überwinterungsstadium. Diplomarbeit ID - 2072 ER - TY - BOOK AU - MEIXNER, H. AU - PASCH, C. PY - 1998 ST - Ampferregulierung mit Ampferblattkäfern TI - Ampferregulierung mit Ampferblattkäfern UR - http://home.t-online.de/home/meixner-edling/ampferre.htm ID - 2073 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Melzer, H. PY - 1971 SP - 240-254 ST - Neues zur Flora der Steiermark, XIII. Mitt. Nat. Ver. Stmk 100. T2 - XIII. Mitt. Nat. Ver. Stmk 100 TI - Neues zur Flora der Steiermark ID - 2074 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Melzer, H. PY - 1971 SP - 240-254. ST - Neues zur Flora der Steiermark, XIII. Mitt. Nat. Ver. Stmk 100. TI - Neues zur Flora der Steiermark, XIII. Mitt. Nat. Ver. Stmk 100 ID - 2075 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Melzer, H. PY - 1989 SP - 165-178 ST - Über Cyperus esculentus L., die Erdmandel, und weitere für Kärnten neue Gefäßpflanzen-Sippen und neue Fundorte bemerkenswerter Arten. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Österreich. T2 - Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Österreich TI - Über Cyperus esculentus L., die Erdmandel, und weitere für Kärnten neue Gefäßpflanzen-Sippen und neue Fundorte bemerkenswerter Arten VL - 126 ID - 2076 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Melzer, H. PY - 1989 SP - 126: 165-178. ST - Über Cyperus esculentus L., die Erdmandel, und weitere für Kärnten neue Gefäßpflanzen-Sippen und neue Fundorte bemerkenswerter Arten. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Österreich. TI - Über Cyperus esculentus L., die Erdmandel, und weitere für Kärnten neue Gefäßpflanzen-Sippen und neue Fundorte bemerkenswerter Arten. Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Österreich ID - 2077 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Melzer, H. AU - Bregant, E. PY - 1993 SP - 183-205. ST - Bemerkenswerte Funde von Gefäßpflanzen in der Steiermark. T2 - Mitt. naturwiss. Ver. Steiermark TI - Bemerkenswerte Funde von Gefäßpflanzen in der Steiermark VL - 123 ID - 2078 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Menne B, Ebi KL, (Eds.) CY - Heidelberg PB - Springer PY - 2006 ST - Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies for Human Health TI - Climate Change and Adaptation Strategies for Human Health ID - 2079 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. LB - menz97 PY - 1997 SP - 147 ST - Phänologie von Waldbäumen unter sich ändernden Klimabedingungen - Auswertung der Beobachtungen in den Internationalen Phänologischen Gärten und Möglichkeiten der Modellierung von Phänodaten T2 - Forstliche Forschungsberichte, München TI - Phänologie von Waldbäumen unter sich ändernden Klimabedingungen - Auswertung der Beobachtungen in den Internationalen Phänologischen Gärten und Möglichkeiten der Modellierung von Phänodaten VL - 16 ID - 2080 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Menzel, A. LB - menz1997a M3 - Forstliche Forschungsberichte PB - Forstwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität München und der Bayerischen Landesanstalt für Wald- und Forstwirtschaft. PY - 1997 SN - 164 SP - 147 ST - Phänologie von Waldbäumen unter sich ändernden Klimabedingungen. Auswertung der Beobachtungen in den Internationalen Phänologischen Gärten und Möglichkeiten der Modellierung von Phänodaten. TI - Phänologie von Waldbäumen unter sich ändernden Klimabedingungen. Auswertung der Beobachtungen in den Internationalen Phänologischen Gärten und Möglichkeiten der Modellierung von Phänodaten ID - 2081 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. LB - menz00 PY - 2000 SP - 76-81 ST - Trends in phenological phases in Europe between 1951 and 1996 T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - Trends in phenological phases in Europe between 1951 and 1996 VL - 44 ID - 2082 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. LB - menz02 PY - 2002 SP - 385 ST - Phenology: its importance to the Global Change community - An Editioral Comment T2 - Climatic Change TI - Phenology: its importance to the Global Change community - An Editioral Comment VL - 54 ID - 2083 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. Fabian AU - P LB - menz02c PY - 2002 SP - 47-52 ST - Climate change and pheonology of European trees and shrubs T2 - Impacts of climate change on wildlife (R.E. Green, M. Harley, M. Spalding, C. Zöckler, Eds.) TI - Climate change and pheonology of European trees and shrubs ID - 2084 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. Fabian AU - P. LB - menz02c PY - 2002 SP - 47-52 ST - Climate change and pheonology of European trees and shrubs T2 - Impacts of climate change on wildlife (R.E. Green, M. Harley, M. Spalding, C. Zöckler, Eds.) TI - Climate change and pheonology of European trees and shrubs ID - 2085 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. AU - Estrella, N. LB - menz01b PY - 2001 SP - 123-137 ST - Plant phenological changes T2 - Walther GR, Burga CA, Edwards PJ (Eds.) Fingerprints of climate change - Adapted behaviour and shifting species ranges. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York and London TI - Plant phenological changes ID - 2086 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. AU - Estrella AU - N AU - Fabian AU - P LB - menz01 PY - 2001 SP - 657-666 ST - Spatial and temporal variability of the phenological seasons in Germany from 1951-1996 T2 - Glob. Change Biol. TI - Spatial and temporal variability of the phenological seasons in Germany from 1951-1996 VL - 7 ID - 2087 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. AU - Estrella AU - N. AU - Fabian AU - P. LB - menz01 PY - 2001 SP - 657-666 ST - Spatial and temporal variability of the phenological seasons in Germany from 1951-1996 T2 - Glob. Change Biol. TI - Spatial and temporal variability of the phenological seasons in Germany from 1951-1996 VL - 7 ID - 2088 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. AU - Fabian AU - P LB - menz99 PY - 1999 SP - 659 ST - Growing season extended in Europe T2 - Nature TI - Growing season extended in Europe VL - 39 ID - 2089 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. AU - Fabian AU - P. LB - menz99 PY - 1999 SP - 659 ST - Growing season extended in Europe T2 - Nature TI - Growing season extended in Europe VL - 39 ID - 2090 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. AU - Jakobi, G. AU - Ahas, R. AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Estrella, N. LB - menz03 PY - 2003 SP - 793-812 ST - Variations of the Climatological Growing Season (1951-2000) in Germany Compared to Other Countries T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Variations of the Climatological Growing Season (1951-2000) in Germany Compared to Other Countries VL - 23 ID - 2091 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, A. AU - Testka, A. J. LB - menz02b PY - 2002 SP - 58-66 ST - Beispiele phänologischer Reihen des 20. Jahrhunderts T2 - Klimastatusbericht TI - Beispiele phänologischer Reihen des 20. Jahrhunderts VL - 20 ID - 2092 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Menzel, Annette IS - 379--385 LB - menz2002a PY - 2002 ST - Phenology: its importance to the global change community. T2 - Climatic Change TI - Phenology: its importance to the global change community VL - 54 ID - 2093 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Merciera, Franck AU - Cazenavea, Anny AU - Maheub, Caroline LB - merc2002a PY - 2002 SP - 141-163 ST - Interannual lake level fluctuations (1993-1999) in Africa from Topex/Poseidon: connections with ocean¯atmosphere interactions over the Indian Ocean T2 - Global and Planetary Change TI - Interannual lake level fluctuations (1993-1999) in Africa from Topex/Poseidon: connections with ocean¯atmosphere interactions over the Indian Ocean VL - 32 ID - 2094 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Merilä, J. M. Phahkaland U. Johanson LB - meriha PY - 2000 SP - 134 ST - Increasde ultraviolet-B radiation, climate change and latitudinal adaptation - a frog perspective T2 - An Zool. Fennici TI - Increasde ultraviolet-B radiation, climate change and latitudinal adaptation - a frog perspective VL - 37 ID - 2095 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Gottschalk, L. A2 - et al. AU - Merz, R., Piock-Ellena, U., Blöschl, G. AU - Gutknecht, D. PB - IAHS Press, Wallingford, UK, IAHS Publication 255 PY - 1999 SP - 273-278 ST - Seasonality of flood processes in Austria T2 - Hydrological extremes: Understanding, Predicting, Mitigating TI - Seasonality of flood processes in Austria ID - 3601 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Metsämäki, S. AU - Anttila, S. CY - Finnish Environment Institute Miia Eskelinen Helsinki University of Technology PY - 2005 SP - 1-38 ST - Snow Covered Area Algorithm in Boreal Forest. T2 - Envisnow EVG1-CT-2001-00052 TI - Snow Covered Area Algorithm in Boreal Forest. UR - http://projects.itek.norut.no/EnviSnow/D02_SCA%20Algorithm%20in%20Boreal%20Forest_final.pdf (abegerufen am 14.03.2013) ID - 2096 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meyer, A. H. AU - Schmidt, B. AU - Grossenbacher, K. LB - meye98 PY - 1998 SP - 523-528 ST - Analysis of three amphibian populations with quarter- century long times -series T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond, B TI - Analysis of three amphibian populations with quarter- century long times -series VL - 25 ID - 2097 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MEYER, E. PY - 1937 SP - 321-338 ST - Beobachtungen über „Weizenwanzen“ in der Kölner Bucht T2 - Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten (Pflanzenpathologie) und Pflanzenschutz TI - Beobachtungen über „Weizenwanzen“ in der Kölner Bucht VL - 47 ID - 2098 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meyer, L. D. AU - Dabney, S.M. AU - Murphree, C.E. AU - Grissinger, E.H. PY - 1999 SE - 1645 SP - 1645-1652 ST - Crop production systems to control erosion and reduce runoff from upland silty soils T2 - T. ASAE TI - Crop production systems to control erosion and reduce runoff from upland silty soils VL - 42 ID - 3362 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meyer, S. J. LB - meyer1993a N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1993 SP - 388-395 ST - A crop specific Drought index for corn I T2 - Model development and validation. Agronomy Journal TI - A crop specific Drought index for corn I VL - 85 ID - 2099 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meyer, S. J. LB - meyer1993b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1993 SP - 396-399 ST - A crop specific Drought index for corn II T2 - Application in drought monitoring and assessment. Agronomy Journal TI - A crop specific Drought index for corn II VL - 85 ID - 2100 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meyer, S.J. LB - meyer1993a N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1993 SP - 388-395 ST - A crop specific Drought index for corn I T2 - Model development and validation. Agronomy Journal TI - A crop specific Drought index for corn I VL - 85 ID - 2101 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Meyer, S.J. LB - meyer1993b N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1993 SP - 396-399 ST - A crop specific Drought index for corn II T2 - Application in drought monitoring and assessment. Agronomy Journal TI - A crop specific Drought index for corn II VL - 85 ID - 2102 ER - TY - BOOK AU - MEYERHOFF, E. CY - Mainz PY - 2006 ST - Hecken planen, pflanzen, pflegen: Eine praktische Anleitung für Landwirte TI - Hecken planen, pflanzen, pflegen: Eine praktische Anleitung für Landwirte ID - 2103 ER - TY - GEN AU - (Hrsg.), MFU (= MINISTERIUM FÜR UMWELT BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG) CY - Stuttgart PY - 1995 SP - 57 ST - Bewertung der Böden nach ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit. Leitfaden für Planungen und Gestattungsverfahren. – Luft – Boden – Abfall TI - Bewertung der Böden nach ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit. Leitfaden für Planungen und Gestattungsverfahren. – Luft – Boden – Abfall VL - Heft 31 ID - 3403 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Miaud, C. AU - Merilä, J. LB - miau01 PY - 2001 SP - 31-51 ST - Local adaptation or environmental induction? Population differentiation in alpine amphibians T2 - Biota TI - Local adaptation or environmental induction? Population differentiation in alpine amphibians VL - 54 ID - 2104 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Michael, Andritzky AU - Klaus, Spitzer (Hg.) PB - Reinbek bei Hamburg : Rowohlt PY - 1981 SN - 3-499-17464-2 SP - 477 ST - Grün in der Stadt : von oben, von selbst, für alle, von allen TI - Grün in der Stadt : von oben, von selbst, für alle, von allen ID - 2105 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Michalka, J. PY - 1960 SP - 341-348 ST - Die Tularämie in Österreich T2 - Tierärztl. Mschr. TI - Die Tularämie in Österreich VL - 47 ID - 2106 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Météo-France atmospheric model ARPEGE/Climate has been used to simulate present climate (1961–1990) and a possible future climate (2071–2100) through two ensembles of three 30-year numerical experiments. In the scenario experiment, the greenhouse gas and aerosol concentrations are prescribed by the so-called SRES-A2 hypotheses, whereas the sea surface temperature and sea ice extent come from an earlier ocean–atmosphere coupled simulation. The model covers the whole globe, with a variable resolution reaching 50 to 60 km over France. Model responses on daily minimum and maximum temperature and precipitation are analyzed over France. The distribution of daily values is compared with observed data from the French climatological network. The extreme cold temperatures and summer heavy precipitations are underestimated by the model. A correction technique is proposed in order to adjust the simulated values according to the observed ones. This process is applied to both reference and scenario simulation. Synthetic indices of extreme events are calculated with corrected simulations. The number of heavy rain (> 10 mm) days increases by one quarter in winter. The maximum length of summer dry episodes increases by one half in summer. The number of heat wave days is multiplied by 10. The response in precipitation is less when only the change in the mean is considered. Such a corrected simulation is useful to feed impact models which are sensitive to threshold values, but the correction does not reduce, and may enhance in some cases, the uncertainty about the climate projections. Using several models and scenarios is the appropriate technique to deal with uncertainty. AU - Michel, Déqué IS - 1-2 KW - numerical simulation regional climate scenario extreme values N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.11.030 PY - 2007 SN - 0921-8181 SP - 16-26 ST - Frequency of precipitation and temperature extremes over France in an anthropogenic scenario: Model results and statistical correction according to observed values T2 - Global and Planetary Change TI - Frequency of precipitation and temperature extremes over France in an anthropogenic scenario: Model results and statistical correction according to observed values UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818106002748 VL - 57 ID - 2107 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Michel-Kerjan, E. CY - Paris LB - michelkerjan2001 PB - Ecole Polytechnique PY - 2001 ST - Insurance Against Natural Disasters: Do the French Have the Answer? Strenghts and Limitations T2 - Cahier Du Laboratoire D'économétrie TI - Insurance Against Natural Disasters: Do the French Have the Answer? Strenghts and Limitations ID - 2108 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Michelozzi, P. AU - Donato, F.D. AU - Accetta, G. AU - Forastiere, F. AU - D'Ovidio, M. AU - Perucci, C. IS - 17 PY - 2004 SP - 369-371 ST - Impact of Heat Waves on Mortality --- Rome, Italy, June--August 2003 T2 - MMWR TI - Impact of Heat Waves on Mortality --- Rome, Italy, June--August 2003 VL - 53 ID - 2109 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this essay a method of computing tourism climatic indices (TCIS) is described. These indices represent a quantitative evaluation of world climate for the purposes of international tourism. A series of rating systems is developed to provide a systematic basis for assessing the climatic elements that most affect the quality of the tour- ism experience. The problem of weighting climatic variables in the TCI formula is also discussed. Monthly TCIS have been computed for 453 meteorological stations throughout the world, and the results have been generalized in 12 monthly world maps. L' article offre une méthode pour calculer des indices climatoogiques touristiques (ICT), qui représentent une évaluation quantitative des climats mondiaux, destinée aux besoins du tourisme international. On développe une série de systèmes d' évaluation d' éléments climatologiques, fournissant ainsi une base systématique pour évaluer lesquels de ces derniers influencent le plus la qualityé de l' expérience touristique vécu. L'‘article souléve aussi les problhes réliés aux valeurs relatives, soient les poids, des variables qui entrent dans la formule de l' ICT. Des valeurs mensuelles ont été compilées pour 453 stations météorologiques à travers le monde, et les résultats sont présentés, en forme généralisée sur une base mensuelle, dans douze cartes mondiales. AU - Mieczkowski, Z. DO - 10.1111/j.1541-0064.1985.tb00365.x IS - 3 PY - 1985 SN - 1541-0064 SP - 220-233 ST - THE TOURISM CLIMATIC INDEX: A METHOD OF EVALUATING WORLD CLIMATES FOR TOURISM T2 - Canadian Geographer / Le Géographe canadien TI - THE TOURISM CLIMATIC INDEX: A METHOD OF EVALUATING WORLD CLIMATES FOR TOURISM UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1985.tb00365.x VL - 29 ID - 2110 ER - TY - JOUR AU - MIKKELSEN, S. AU - ESBJERG, P. PY - 1981 SP - 291-301 ST - The influence of climatic factors on cutworm (Agrotis segetum) attack level, investigated by means of linear regression models T2 - Danish J. Plant Soil Sci. TI - The influence of climatic factors on cutworm (Agrotis segetum) attack level, investigated by means of linear regression models VL - 85 ID - 2111 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The temperature dependence of organic matter decomposition is of considerable ecosphysiological importance, especially in the context of possible climate-change feedback effects. It effectively controls whether, or how much, carbon will be released with global warming, and to what extent that release of carbon constitutes a dangerous positive feedback effect that leads to further warming. The present paper is an invited contribution in a series of Citation Classics based on a review paper of the temperature dependence of organic matter decomposition that was published in 1995. It discusses the context and main findings of the 1995 study, the progress has been made since then and what issues still remain unresolved. Despite the continuation of much further experimental work and repeated publication of summary articles, there is still no scientific consensus on the temperature dependence of organic matter decomposition. It is likely that this lack of consensus is largely due to different studies referring to different experimental conditions where confounding factors play a greater or lesser role. Substrate availability is particularly important. If it changes during the course of measurements, it can greatly confound the derived apparent temperature dependence. This confounding effect is illustrated through simulations and examples of experimental work drawn from the literature. The paper speculates that much of the current disagreement between studies might disappear if different studies would ensure that they are all studying the same system attributes, and if confounding factors were always considered and, if possible, eliminated. AU - Miko Uwe Franz, Kirschbaum IS - 9 KW - Carbon Climate change Soil respiration Substrate Temperature sensitivity N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.01.030 PY - 2006 SN - 0038-0717 SP - 2510-2518 ST - The temperature dependence of organic-matter decomposition—still a topic of debate T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry TI - The temperature dependence of organic-matter decomposition—still a topic of debate UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071706001416 VL - 38 ID - 2112 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Germanwatch, WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE (Ed.) in Cooperation with Heinrich-Böll- Stiftung and AU - MILKE, K. and ROSTOCK, S. CY - München PB - München: oekom Verlag PY - 2010 ST - Trotz Kopenhagen – auf vielen schnellen Wegen zu neu- en Gewohnheiten T2 - Zur Lage der Welt 2010. Einfach besser leben – Nachhaltigkeit als neuer Lebensstil TI - Trotz Kopenhagen – auf vielen schnellen Wegen zu neu- en Gewohnheiten ID - 3534 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We offer a conceptual framework for managing forested ecosystems under an assumption that future environments will be different from present but that we cannot be certain about the specifics of change. We encourage flexible approaches that promote reversible and incremental steps, and that favor ongoing learning and capacity to modify direction as situations change. We suggest that no single solution fits all future challenges, especially in the context of changing climates, and that the best strategy is to mix different approaches for different situations. Resources managers will be challenged to integrate adaptation strategies (actions that help ecosystems accommodate changes adaptively) and mitigation strategies (actions that enable ecosystems to reduce anthropogenic influences on global climate) into overall plans. Adaptive strategies include resistance options (forestall impacts and protect highly valued resources), resilience options (improve the capacity of ecosystems to return to desired conditions after disturbance), and response options (facilitate transition of ecosystems from current to new conditions). Mitigation strategies include options to sequester carbon and reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions. Priority-setting approaches (e.g., triage), appropriate for rapidly changing conditions and for situations where needs are greater than available capacity to respond, will become increasingly important in the future. © 2007 by the Ecological Society of America. AD - USDA Forest Service, Sierra Nevada Research Center, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, United States U.S. Geological Survey, Sequoia-Kings Canyon Field Station, 47050 Generals Highway, Three Rivers, CA 93271, United States Division of Ecosystem Science, Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, United States Millar, C.I. USDA Forest Service, Sierra Nevada Research Center, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, United States email: cmillar@fs.fed.us AU - Millar, C. I. AU - Stephenson, N. L. AU - Stephens, S. L. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1890/06-1715.1 10.1890/07007; Dale, V.H., Climate change and forest disturbances (2001) BioScience, 52, pp. 723-234; Fitzgerald, G., Triage (2000) Textbook of adult emergency medicine, pp. 584-588. , P. Cameron, G. Jelinke, A. M. Kelly, L. Murray, and J. 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Mathematics, Physics (1797) Engineering Science, 360, pp. 1567-1591; McLachlan, J.S., Hellmann, J., Schwartz, M., A framework for debate of assisted migration in an era of climate change (2007) Conservation Biology, 21 (2), pp. 297-302; Millar, C.I., Reconsidering the conservation of Monterey pine (1998) Fremontia, 26, pp. 12-16; Millar, C.I., Brubaker, L.B., Climate change and paleoecology: New contexts for restoration ecology (2006) Restoration science, pp. 315-340. , M. Palmer, D. Falk, and J. Zedler, editors, Island Press, Washington, D.C, USA; Millar, C.I., Neilson, R., Batchelet, D., Drapek, R., Lenihan, J., Climate change at multiple scales (2006) Forests, carbon, and climate change: A synthesis of science findings, pp. 31-62. , H. Salwasser and M. Cloughesy, editors, Oregon Forest Resources Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA; Millar, C.I., Woolfenden, W.B., The role of climate change in interpreting historical variability (1999) Ecological Applications, 9, pp. 1207-1216; Noss, R.F., Beyond Kyoto: Forest management in a time of rapid climate change (2001) Conservation Biology, 15, pp. 578-590; Papadopol, C.S., Impacts of climate warming on forests in Ontario: Options for adaptation and mitigation (2000) Forestry Chronicle, 76, pp. 139-149; Parker, W.C., Colombo, S.J., Cherry, M.L., Flannigan, M.D., Greifenhagen, S., McAlpine, R.S., Papadopol, C., Scarr, T., Third millennium forestry: What climate change might mean to forests and forest management in Ontario (2000) Forestry Chronicle, 76, pp. 445-463; Pilkey, O.H., Pilkey-Jarvis, L., (2007) Useless arithmetic: Why environmental scientists can't predict the future, , Columbia University Press, New York, New York, USA; Price, M.F., Neville, G.R., Designing strategies to increase the resilience of alpine/montane systems to climate changes (2003) Buying time: A user's manual for building resistance and resilience to climate change in natural systems, pp. 73-94. , L. 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Hoffman, editors, World Wildlife Fund International, Gland, Switzerland; Saxon, E., Baker, B., Hargrove, W.W., Hoffman, F.M., Zganjar, C., Mapping environments at risk under different global climate change scenarios (2005) Ecology Letters, 8, pp. 53-60; Spittlehouse, D.L., Stewart, R.B., Adaptation to climate change in forest management (2003) BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management, 4 (1), pp. 1-11; Stephens, S.L., Forest fire causes and extent on United States Forest Service lands (2005) International Journal of Wildland Fire, 14, pp. 213-222; Stephens, S.L., Fry, D.L., Franco-Vizcaino, E., Collins, B.M., Moghaddas, J.J., Coarse woody debris and canopy cover in an old-growth Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forest from the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Mexico (2007) Forest Ecology and Management, 240, pp. 87-95; Stephens, S.L., Moghaddas, J.J., Silvicultural and reserve impacts on potential fire behavior and forest conservation: 25 years of experience from Sierra Nevada mixed conifer forests (2005) Biological Conservation, 25, pp. 369-379; Stephens, S.L., Moghaddas, J.J., Experimental fuel treatment impacts on forest structure, potential fire behavior, and predicted tree mortality in a mixed conifer forest (2005) Forest Ecology and Management, 215, pp. 21-36; Stephens, S.L., Ruth, L.W., Federal forest fire policy in the United States (2005) Ecological Applications, 15, pp. 532-542; Suttle, K.B., Thomsen, M.A., Power, M.E., Species interactions reverse grassland responses to changing climate (2007) Science, 315, pp. 640-642; Swetnam, T.W., Allen, C.D., Betancourt, J.L., Applied historical ecology: Using the past to manage for the future (1999) Ecological Applications, 9, pp. 1189-1206; Weatherspoon, C.P., Skinner, C.N., An assessment of factors associated with damage to tree crowns from the 1987 wildfires in northern California (1995) Forest Science, 41, pp. 430-451; Westerling, A. L., H. G. Hidalgo, D. R. Cayan, and T. W. Swetnam. 2006. Warming and earlier spring increase western U. S. forest wildfire activity. Science 313(5789):940-943Wheaton, E. 2001. Changing fire risk in a changing climate: a literature review and assessment. Publication No. 11341-2E01. Saskatchewan Research Council, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaUR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-39349090781&partnerID=40&md5=4d159a218656349c1ce0b3aad1de1ed0 IS - 8 J2 - Ecol. Appl. KW - Carbon sequestration Climate change Desired conditions Ecosystem management Facilitated conservation Forest management Historical variability Resilience Resistance Wildfire adaptive management anthropogenic effect carbon sequestration climate change conceptual framework ecosystem management ecosystem resilience forest ecosystem forest management greenhouse gas mitigation uncertainty analysis wildfire article ecosystem environmental protection forestry greenhouse effect methodology physiology tree uncertainty Conservation of Natural Resources Ecosystem Forestry Greenhouse Effect Trees Uncertainty LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 245 CODEN: ECAPE PubMed ID: 18213958 PY - 2007 SN - 10510761 SP - 2145-2151 ST - Climate change and forests of the future: Managing in the face of uncertainty T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Climate change and forests of the future: Managing in the face of uncertainty VL - 17 ID - 2113 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Millar, Constance I. AU - Stephenson, Nathan L. AU - Stephens, Scott L. DA - 2013/03/14 DO - 10.1890/06-1715.1 IS - 8 N1 - doi: 10.1890/06-1715.1 PY - 2007 SN - 1051-0761 SP - 2145-2151 ST - CLIMATE CHANGE AND FORESTS OF THE FUTURE: MANAGING IN THE FACE OF UNCERTAINTY T2 - Ecological Applications TI - CLIMATE CHANGE AND FORESTS OF THE FUTURE: MANAGING IN THE FACE OF UNCERTAINTY UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/06-1715.1 VL - 17 ID - 2114 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Miller, C. PY - 1999 SP - 58-81 ST - Gamswild: Die Felsenziege - ein vitaler Sonderling T2 - Muffel-, Gams- und Steinwild - Vorkommen, Biologie, Hege, Jagd. Sonderheft Wild und Hund - Exclusiv TI - Gamswild: Die Felsenziege - ein vitaler Sonderling ID - 2115 ER - TY - CONF AU - MILLER, R. H. AU - G., MORSE J. N1 - (Hrsg.) PB - FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper PY - 1996 SP - 165 pp ST - Sunn pests and their control in the Near East TI - Sunn pests and their control in the Near East VL - 138 ID - 2116 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Extensive uprooting of trees by windthrow can create areas of severe soil disturbance in temperate forests. Specifically, uprooted trees leave shaded pits and mounds of exposed roots and mineral soil. To assess the contribution of pit and mound microenvironments to overall soil respiration in an experimental hurricane blowdown at the Harvard Forest Long-Term Ecological Research site (MA), summer CO2 effluxes were measured on pit, mound, and undisturbed microsites. Mean CO2 effluxes were 45.4, 80.1, and 99.0 mgC m-2 h-1 for pit, mound, and control microsites, respectively. Although soil respiration is lower in areas of disturbed soil than in undisturbed areas, the total efflux contribution (5.3%) from pits and mounds to the overall flux rate at the site was small. The area-weighted soil respiration estimate is 3.1% lower than the estimate obtained using flux measurements from control locations alone. Measurements taken from undisturbed plots represent a small but systematic overestimate of soil respiration across the site. AD - Dep. of Land, Air, and Water Rsrc., Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States Dep. of Environmental Science, Allegheny College, Meadville, PA 16335, United States Bowden, R.D. Dep. of Land, Air/Water Resources, Univ. of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States email: rbowden@alleg.edu AU - Millikin, C. S. AU - Bowden, R. D. DB - Scopus IS - 6 J2 - SOIL SCI. SOC. AM. J. KW - carbon dioxide microclimate soil disturbance soil respiration windthrow USA, Massachusetts, Harvard Forest LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):11 CODEN: SSSJD References: Beatty, S.W., Stone, E.L., The variety of soil microsites created by tree falls (1986) Can. J. For. Res., 16, pp. 539-548; Bowden, R.D., Castro, M.S., Melillo, J.M., Steudler, P.A., Aber, J.D., Fluxes of greenhouse gases between soils and the atmosphere in a temperate forest following a simulated hurricane blowdown (1993) Biogeochemistry, 21, pp. 61-71; Bowden, R.D., Nadelhoffer, K.J., Boone, R.D., Melillo, J.M., Garrison, J.B., Contributions of aboveground litter, belowground litter, and root respiration to total soil respiration in a temperate mixed hardwood forest (1993) Can. J. For. Res., 23, pp. 1402-1407; Cropper, W.P., Ewel, K.C., Raich, J.W., The measurement of soil CO2 evolution in situ (1985) Pedobiologia, 28, pp. 35-40; Edwards, N.T., Effects of temperature and moisture on carbon dioxide evolution in a mixed deciduous forest floor (1975) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. 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Rev., 43, pp. 449-528; Steudler, P.A., Melillo, J.M., Bowden, R.D., Castro, M.S., The effects of natural and human disturbance on soil nitrogen dynamics and trace gas fluxes in a Puerto Rican wet forest (1991) Biotropica, 23, pp. 356-363 PY - 1996 SN - 03615995 SP - 1951-1953 ST - Soil respiration in pits and mounds following an experimental forest blowdown T2 - Soil Science Society of America Journal TI - Soil respiration in pits and mounds following an experimental forest blowdown UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030299308&partnerID=40&md5=beb7c0722c5e5882c564dc2c21e5b1a0 VL - 60 ID - 3444 ER - TY - CONF AU - MILNE, A. CY - GB PY - 1983 SP - 145-199 ST - Fluctuation and natural control of animal population, as exemplified in the garden chafer Phyllopertha horticola (L.) T2 - Society of Edinburgh TI - Fluctuation and natural control of animal population, as exemplified in the garden chafer Phyllopertha horticola (L.) VL - 82B ID - 2117 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Missbach, K. CY - TU Dresden PY - 1985 ST - Beeinträchtigung der Biege- und Knickfestigkeit durch Wildschäden. edited in Beurteilung und Bewertung der Stabilität von Fichtenökosystemen T2 - F/E-Bericht TU Dresden, Sekt. Forstw. Tharandt TI - Beeinträchtigung der Biege- und Knickfestigkeit durch Wildschäden. edited in Beurteilung und Bewertung der Stabilität von Fichtenökosystemen ID - 2118 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Mohnl, H. CY - 90.-91.Jahresbericht des Sonnblick-Vereins für die Jahre 1992- 1993 PY - 1994 SP - 5-47 ST - Die Schwankungen der Neuschneehöhe und Schneedeckendauer in Österreich (Periode 1895-1992) TI - Die Schwankungen der Neuschneehöhe und Schneedeckendauer in Österreich (Periode 1895-1992) ID - 2119 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Mona, T. CY - Vienna J2 - Der Sommer-Urlauber in Österreich PY - 2004 ST - Der Sommer-Urlauber in Österreich TI - Der Sommer-Urlauber in Österreich ID - 2120 ER - TY - WEB AU - MÖNDEL, A. M1 - 03.10.2008 PY - 2007 ST - Ertragsmessungen in Winterroggen - der Ertragseinfluss einer Windschutzanlage in der oberrheinischen Tiefebene. Verbundprojekt: agroforst - neue Optionen für eine nachhaltige Landnutzung TI - Ertragsmessungen in Winterroggen - der Ertragseinfluss einer Windschutzanlage in der oberrheinischen Tiefebene. Verbundprojekt: agroforst - neue Optionen für eine nachhaltige Landnutzung UR - http://www.agroforst.uni-freiburg.de/download/ertrag_winterroggen.pdf ID - 2121 ER - TY - WEB AU - MÖNDEL, A. M1 - 28.03.2009 PY - 2008 ST - Wirtschaftlichkeit des Anbaus von schnell wachsenden Hölzern und Miscanthus TI - Wirtschaftlichkeit des Anbaus von schnell wachsenden Hölzern und Miscanthus UR - http://www.landwirtschaft-mlr.baden-wuerttemberg.de/servlet/PB/show/1219144_l1/ltz_M%C3%B6ndel%20-%20Wirtschaftlichkeit%20des%20Anbaus%20von%20Energieholz%20und%20Miscanthus.pdf ID - 2122 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Monti, A. CY - Paris LB - monti2002 M3 - OECD Report PB - OECD PY - 2002 ST - Environmental Riks and Insurance TI - Environmental Riks and Insurance ID - 2123 ER - TY - GEN AU - Moog, O. LB - moog92 PY - 1992 ST - Das Konzept der biozönotischen Regionen nach Illies and Botosaneanu als Hilfsmittel zur Charakteristik anthropogener Einflüsse auf benthische Fließgewässerzönosen TI - Das Konzept der biozönotischen Regionen nach Illies and Botosaneanu als Hilfsmittel zur Charakteristik anthropogener Einflüsse auf benthische Fließgewässerzönosen ID - 2124 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moog, O. LB - moog94 PY - 1994 SP - 15-59 ST - Ökologische Funktionsfähigkeit des aquatischen Lebensraumes T2 - Wiener Mitt. TI - Ökologische Funktionsfähigkeit des aquatischen Lebensraumes VL - 120 ID - 2125 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moog, O. LB - moog95 N1 - (Ed.) PY - 1995 ST - Fauna Aquatica Austriaca T2 - Lieferung TI - Fauna Aquatica Austriaca VL - Mai ID - 2126 ER - TY - GEN AU - Moog, O. LB - moog00 PY - 2000 ST - Erstellung typspezifischer benthoszönotischer Leitbilder österreichischer Fliessgewässer TI - Erstellung typspezifischer benthoszönotischer Leitbilder österreichischer Fliessgewässer ID - 2127 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moog, O. LB - moog02 N1 - (Ed.) PY - 2002 ST - Fauna Aquatica Austriaca T2 - Lieferung TI - Fauna Aquatica Austriaca ID - 2128 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moog, O. AU - Grasser AU - U LB - moog92b PY - 1992 SP - 109-158 ST - Makrozoobenthos-Zönosen als Indikatoren der Gewässergüte und ökologischen Funktionsfähigkeit der unteren Traun T2 - Kataloge des OÖ. Landesmuseums, N.F. TI - Makrozoobenthos-Zönosen als Indikatoren der Gewässergüte und ökologischen Funktionsfähigkeit der unteren Traun ID - 2129 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moog, O. AU - Grasser AU - U. LB - moog92b PY - 1992 SP - 109-158 ST - Makrozoobenthos-Zönosen als Indikatoren der Gewässergüte und ökologischen Funktionsfähigkeit der unteren Traun T2 - Kataloge des OÖ. Landesmuseums, N.F. TI - Makrozoobenthos-Zönosen als Indikatoren der Gewässergüte und ökologischen Funktionsfähigkeit der unteren Traun ID - 2130 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moog, O. AU - Janecek, B. F. U. LB - moog91 PY - 1991 SP - 1888-1896 ST - River flow, substrate type and Hydrurus density as major determinants of macroinvertebrate abundance, composition and distribution T2 - Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. TI - River flow, substrate type and Hydrurus density as major determinants of macroinvertebrate abundance, composition and distribution VL - 24 ID - 2131 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Moog, O. AU - Schmidt, Kloiber AU - A AU - Ofenböck AU - T AU - Gerritsen AU - J CY - Wien LB - moog01 PB - I.A. des Bundesministeriums für Land- and Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt and Wasserwirtschaft PY - 2001 SP - 102 ST - Aquatische Ökoregionen und Fließgewässer-Bioregionen Österreichs. Eine Gliederung nach geoökologischen Milieufaktoren und Makrozoobentzhos-Zönosen. TI - Aquatische Ökoregionen und Fließgewässer-Bioregionen Österreichs. Eine Gliederung nach geoökologischen Milieufaktoren und Makrozoobentzhos-Zönosen ID - 2132 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Moog, O. AU - Schmidt-Kloiber AU - A. AU - Ofenböck AU - T. AU - Gerritsen AU - J. CY - Wien LB - moog01 PB - I.A. des Bundesministeriums für Land- and Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt and Wasserwirtschaft PY - 2001 SP - 102 ST - Aquatische Ökoregionen und Fließgewässer-Bioregionen Österreichs. Eine Gliederung nach geoökologischen Milieufaktoren und Makrozoobentzhos-Zönosen. TI - Aquatische Ökoregionen und Fließgewässer-Bioregionen Österreichs. Eine Gliederung nach geoökologischen Milieufaktoren und Makrozoobentzhos-Zönosen ID - 2133 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moog, O. AU - Wimmer, R. LB - moog90 PY - 1990 SP - 55-211 ST - Grundlagen zur typologischen Charakteristik österreichischer Fließgewässer T2 - Wasser and Abwasser TI - Grundlagen zur typologischen Charakteristik österreichischer Fließgewässer VL - 34 ID - 2134 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moog, O. AU - Wimmer, R. LB - moog94b PY - 1994 SP - 25 ST - Comments to the water temperature based assessment of biocoenotic regions according to ILLIES and BOTOSANEANU T2 - Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. TI - Comments to the water temperature based assessment of biocoenotic regions according to ILLIES and BOTOSANEANU ID - 2135 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mooney, H. A. AU - Cleland AU - E.E LB - moon01 PY - 2001 SP - 5446-5451 ST - The evolutionary impact of invasive species T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - The evolutionary impact of invasive species VL - 98 ID - 2136 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Mooney, H.A. AU - Cleland AU - E.E. LB - moon01 PY - 2001 SP - 5446-5451 ST - The evolutionary impact of invasive species T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. TI - The evolutionary impact of invasive species VL - 98 ID - 2137 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Mooshammer, H. AU - Hutter, H.P. AU - Frank, A. AU - Gerersdorfer, T. AU - Hlava, A. AU - Sprinzl, G. AU - Leitner, B. CY - Wien PY - 2006 ST - Einflüsse der Temperatur auf Mortalität und Morbidität in Wien T2 - StartClim2005 Klimawandel und Gesundheit TI - Einflüsse der Temperatur auf Mortalität und Morbidität in Wien ID - 2138 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Morgan, J. LB - morg02 PY - 2002 SP - 5 ST - Foreword by WWF T2 - Habitats at Risk: Global Warming and Species Loss in Terrestrial Ecosystems. WWF Report TI - Foreword by WWF VL - 5 ID - 2139 ER - TY - JOUR AB - One consequence of multicollinearity among the structural independent variables of a regression model is that variables are frequently deleted as a means of proceeding with sensible hypothesis tests. Principal components regression has the advantage of avoiding model specification error due to variable deletion. The technique works as follows: the independent variables are orthogonalized into their principal components; components with low information content are deleted; the model is estimated by ordinary least squares; then the principal component estimators are converted into coefficients in the original parameter space, where a judgement about their contribution is made via an F-test. An example using tree growth data is presented to demonstrate the merits of principal components regression over variable deletion. Results indicate that "correct" structural specification does not have to be compromised through variable deletion when collinearity is present. This obviously has implications for large-scaled regression models, in which an increased number of independent variables in the specification may promote a level of collinearity that is not conducive to making statistical inferences. Analytical methods like principal components, that adjust for the effects of collinearity on the variable selection process, are merited. For. Sci. 37(1):191-199. AU - Morzuch, Bernard J. AU - Ruark, Gregory A. IS - 1 KW - Restrictions orthogonality eigenvectors sequential deletion PY - 1991 SP - 191-199 ST - Principal Components Regression to Mitigate the Effects of Multicollinearity T2 - Forest Science TI - Principal Components Regression to Mitigate the Effects of Multicollinearity UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/saf/fs/1991/00000037/00000001/art00015 VL - 37 ID - 2140 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moser, D., Dullinger, S., Englisch, T., Niklfeld, H., Plutzar, C., Sauberer, N., Zechmeister, H.G. und Grabherr, G. PY - 2005 SP - 1117-1127 ST - Environmental determinants of vascular plant species rich-ness in the Austrian Alps. T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - Environmental determinants of vascular plant species rich-ness in the Austrian Alps VL - 32 ID - 2141 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moser, D. AU - Dullinger, S. AU - Englisch, T. AU - Niklfeld, H. AU - Plutzar, C. AU - Sauberer, N. AU - Zechmeister, H. G. AU - Grabherr, G. PY - 2005 SP - 1117-1127 ST - Environmental determinants of vascular plant species rich-ness in the Austrian Alps. T2 - Journal of Biogeography TI - Environmental determinants of vascular plant species rich-ness in the Austrian Alps VL - 32 ID - 2142 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Moshammer, H. PY - 2004 SP - 10-11 ST - Nur heiße Luft? T2 - Ökobiotikum TI - Nur heiße Luft? VL - 1 ID - 2143 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Universität für Bodenkultur DfWAUIfM, Peter Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Wien A3 - Universität für Bodenkultur DfWAUIfM, Peter Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Wien AU - Moshammer, H. CY - Wien PY - 2006 SP - A1-a -48 ST - Einflüsse der Temperatur auf Mortalität und Morbidität in Wien T2 - StartClim TI - Einflüsse der Temperatur auf Mortalität und Morbidität in Wien ID - 2144 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Oberösterreich“, Endbericht Band Forschungsreihe „Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf AU - Moshammer, H., Gerersdorfer, T., Hutter, H.-P., Formayer, H., Kromp-Kolb, H. und Schwarzl, I. PY - 2007 ST - Abschätzung der Auswirkungen von Hitze auf die Sterblichkeit in Oberösterreich TI - Abschätzung der Auswirkungen von Hitze auf die Sterblichkeit in Oberösterreich ID - 2145 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Moshammer, H., Hutter, H.-P. und Gerersdorfer, T. PY - 2009 ST - Einfluss von Adaptationsmaßnahmen auf das akute Sterberisiko in Wien durch Temperaturextreme TI - Einfluss von Adaptationsmaßnahmen auf das akute Sterberisiko in Wien durch Temperaturextreme ID - 2146 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Universität für Bodenkultur DfWAUIfM, Peter Jordan-Straße 82, 1190 Wien AU - Moshammer, H. AU - Hutter, H.-P. AU - Frank, A. AU - Gerersdorfer, T. AU - Hlava, A. AU - Sprinzl, G. AU - Leitner, B. PY - 206 SP - A1-a -48 ST - Einflüsse der Temperatur auf Mortalität und Morbidität in Wien T2 - StartClim2006 TI - Einflüsse der Temperatur auf Mortalität und Morbidität in Wien ID - 2147 ER - TY - RPRT AU - MOSHAMMER, H. AU - HUTTER, H.-P. AU - GERERSDORFER, T. CY - Wien PY - 2009 ST - Einfluss von Adaptionsmaßnahmen auf das akute Sterberisiko in Wien durch Temperaturextreme TI - Einfluss von Adaptionsmaßnahmen auf das akute Sterberisiko in Wien durch Temperaturextreme ID - 2148 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In 1995 a working group was assembled at the request of OECD/IPCC/IEA to revise the methodology for N2O from agriculture for the National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Methodology. The basics of the methodology developed to calculate annual country level nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils is presented herein. Three sources of N2O are distinguished in the new methodology: (i) direct emissions from agricultural soils, (ii) emissions from animal production, and (iii) N2O emissions indirectly induced by agricultural activities. The methodology is a simple approach which requires only input data that are available from FAO databases. The methodology attempts to relate N2O emissions to the agricultural nitrogen (N) cycle and to systems into which N is transported once it leaves agricultural systems. These estimates are made with the realization that increased utilization of crop nutrients, including N, will be required to meet rapidly growing needs for food and fiber production in our immediate future. Anthropogenic N input into agricultural systems include N from synthetic fertilizer, animal wastes, increased biological N-fixation, cultivation of mineral and organic soils through enhanced organic matter mineralization, and mineralization of crop residue returned to the field. Nitrous oxide may be emitted directly to the atmosphere in agricultural fields, animal confinements or pastoral systems or be transported from agricultural systems into ground and surface waters through surface runoff. Nitrate leaching and runoff and food consumption by humans and introduction into sewage systems transport the N ultimately into surface water (rivers and oceans) where additional N2O is produced. Ammonia and oxides of N (NOx) are also emitted from agricultural systems and may be transported off-site and serve to fertilize other systems which leads to enhanced production of N2O. Eventually, all N that moves through the soil system will be either terminally sequestered in buried sediments or denitrified in aquatic systems. We estimated global N2O–N emissions for the year 1989, using midpoint emission factors from our methodology and the FAO data for 1989. Direct emissions from agricultural soils totaled 2.1 Tg N, direct emissions from animal production totaled 2.1 Tg N and indirect emissions resulting from agricultural N input into the atmosphere and aquatic systems totaled 2.1 Tg N2O–N for an annual total of 6.3 Tg N2O–N. The N2O input to the atmosphere from agricultural production as a whole has apparently been previously underestimated. These new estimates suggest that the missing N2O sources discussed in earlier IPCC reports is likely a biogenic (agricultural) one. AU - Mosier, A.R. AU - Kroeze, C. AU - Nevison, C. AU - Oenema, O. AU - Seitzinger, S. AU - van Cleemput, O. DO - 10.1023/A:1009740530221 IS - 2 PY - 1998 SE - 225 SP - 225-248 ST - Closing the global N2O budget: nitrous oxide emissions through the agricultural ni- trogen cycle. OECD/IPCC/IEA phase II development of IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventory methodology T2 - Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems TI - Closing the global N2O budget: nitrous oxide emissions through the agricultural ni- trogen cycle. OECD/IPCC/IEA phase II development of IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventory methodology VL - 52 ID - 3363 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Three plots were sampled along an altitudinal gradient in the upper Susa Valley (Piedmont, Italy) on a northeastern slope from 1800 to 2300 m a.s.l. In order to reconstruct recent dynamics at this altitudinal range various techniques were used. Dendroecological methods were used to reconstruct the age structures of tree populations. Growth dynamics were investigated both by observing Basal Area Increment (BAI) in old and dominant trees and by comparing the BAIs within a given cambial age class in different time periods. Historical documents were analyzed as an independent data source to explain changes in establishment rate. As far as the tree establishment at the forestline and at the treeline is concerned we observed three distinct periods: during the first one (1850-1930) larch establishment was reduced or prevented because of heavy grazing and the stone pine establishment was almost null because of the grazing and of the human anthropogenic removal. During the second one (1930-1960) the past heavy grazing followed by periods of moderate grazing favored the larch establishment; stone pine establishment was still prevented both by grazing and by anthropogenic removal. Finally the third period (1960-present) has been the period of massive stone pine regeneration. The growth rates of stone pine and larch have increased in the last decades: individuals in the 100-, 150- and 200-year age classes grow more rapidly in present times as compared to the previous two centuries. In the same time younger trees (1-50 years old) showed a decline in growth because the current stands are denser and the young and suppressed trees have worse growth conditions respect the previous open stands. An analysis of all the data taken together in the present study argues in favor of the fact that the tree establishment, and more in general the forest dynamic, has been mainly controlled by human land-use and that the tree growth has been mainly climatically controlled. © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2006. AD - Dep. Agroselviter University of Turin, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy Dep. de Dendrocronología e Historia Ambiental, IANIGLA-CRICYT, CC330, Mendoza, Argentina Dep. Ecoter University of Pavia, Via S. Epifanio 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy AU - Motta, R. AU - Morales, M. AU - Nola, P. DO - Cited By (since 1996) 13 Export Date 25 January 2011 Source Scopus IS - 7 KW - Basal area increment (BAI) Dendroecology Herbivory Larix decidua Pinus cembra Tree-rings PY - 2006 SP - 739-747 ST - Human land-use, forest dynamics and tree growth at the treeline in the Western Italian Alps T2 - Annals of Forest Science TI - Human land-use, forest dynamics and tree growth at the treeline in the Western Italian Alps UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33751538667&partnerID=40&md5=0d24c2eb09db4680812e4193f494a9f9 VL - 63 ID - 2149 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Neudorfer, W. (Ed.) AU - Mötz, M. AU - Neudorder, W. CY - Deutsch-Wagram PY - 2002 SP - 25-40 ST - Entwicklung und Funktionsweise des Marchfeldkanalsystems T2 - Wasserschatz und Lebensader Marchfeldkanal TI - Entwicklung und Funktionsweise des Marchfeldkanalsystems ID - 2150 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Mucina, L. AU - Grabherr, G. AU - Wallnöfer, S. CY - Jena, Stuttgard, New York PB - G. Fischer PY - 1993 SE - 1 - 353 ST - Die Pflanzengesellschaften Österreichs - Teil III Wälder und Gebüsche TI - Die Pflanzengesellschaften Österreichs - Teil III Wälder und Gebüsche ID - 2151 ER - TY - WEB AU - Group, Muench M1 - 6.6.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://ecologic-architecture.org/main/index.php?id=115&L=2 ID - 2152 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Muhar, A. J2 - Three-dimensional Modelling and Visualisation of vegetation for Landscape Simulation PY - 2001 ST - Three-dimensional Modelling and Visualisation of vegetation for Landscape Simulation T2 - Landscape and Urban planning TI - Three-dimensional Modelling and Visualisation of vegetation for Landscape Simulation VL - 54 ID - 2153 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Muhar, A. et al CY - Wien PB - BMWA PY - 2006 ST - Trends und Handlungsbedarf im Sommer-Bergtourismus TI - Trends und Handlungsbedarf im Sommer-Bergtourismus ID - 2154 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - BMWA AB - Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchung stehen folgende Fragen: 1) Wie haben sich die Aktivitätsmuster und Ansprüche im Sommer-Bergtourismus verändert und welche Veränderungen sind für die nähere Zukunft zu erwarten? 2) Wo sehen die Bergtouristen den größten Handlungsbedarf? Methodischer Schwerpunkt der Erhebungen sind Zielgebietsbefragungen auf Schutzhütten oder sonstigen geeigneten alpinen Befragungsorten in Österreich. AU - Muhar, A. AU - Schauppenlehner, T. AU - Brandenburg, C. AU - Arnberger, A. KW - Fremdenverkehrsforschung Landschaftsplanung Bergsteigen Bergtourismus PY - 2006 ST - Trends und Handlungsbedarf im Sommer-Bergtourismus TI - Trends und Handlungsbedarf im Sommer-Bergtourismus ID - 2155 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Muhar, S. LB - muha92 PY - 1992 SP - 29-49 ST - Eingriffe an den großen Flüssen Österreichs - ein Bilanzierungsversuch T2 - Landschaftswasserbau TI - Eingriffe an den großen Flüssen Österreichs - ein Bilanzierungsversuch VL - 13 ID - 2156 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Muhar, S. LB - muha96 PY - 1996 SP - 471-482 ST - Habitat Improvement of Austrian Rivers with regard to different scale T2 - Reg. Rivers: Research and Mangement TI - Habitat Improvement of Austrian Rivers with regard to different scale VL - 12 ID - 2157 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Muhar, S. AU - Kainz, M. AU - Kaufmann, M. AU - Schwarz, M. LB - muha98 PY - 1998 SP - 119-127 ST - Erhebung und Bilanzierung flußtypspezifisch erhaltener Fließgewässerabschnitte in Österreich T2 - Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, Sonderdruck. TI - Erhebung und Bilanzierung flußtypspezifisch erhaltener Fließgewässerabschnitte in Österreich VL - 50 ID - 2158 ER - TY - BOOK AU - MÜHLE, E. AU - WETZEL, T. AU - FRAUENSTEIN, K. AU - FUCHS, E. CY - Leipzig PB - Verlag S. Hirzel PY - 1983 ST - Praktikum zur Biologie und Diagnostik der Krankheitserreger und Schädlinge unserer Kulturpflanzen TI - Praktikum zur Biologie und Diagnostik der Krankheitserreger und Schädlinge unserer Kulturpflanzen VL - 3. Aufl. ID - 2159 ER - TY - DBASE AU - Mühr, B. PB - Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung, Universität Karlsruhe PY - 2006 TI - Klimadiagramme weltweit UR - http://www.klimadiagramme.de ID - 2160 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Bern, Forschungsinstitut für Freizeit und Tourismus (FIF) der Universität AU - Müller, H. AU - Weber, F. PY - 2008 ST - 2030: Der Schweizer Tourismus im Klimawandel TI - 2030: Der Schweizer Tourismus im Klimawandel ID - 2161 ER - TY - CONF AU - MÜLLER, K.-D. CY - Berlin PB - HUMBOLDT-UNIVERSITÄT ZU BERLIN PY - 1997 SP - 177-182 ST - Wildfruchtarten für Biotopverbundsysteme. Schriftenreihe des Fachgebietes Obstbau, Nr.11 T2 - 1. Internationale Wildfruchttagung TI - Wildfruchtarten für Biotopverbundsysteme. Schriftenreihe des Fachgebietes Obstbau, Nr.11 ID - 2162 ER - TY - CONF AU - MÜLLER, K.-D. CY - Berlin PB - HUMBOLDT-UNIVERSITÄT ZU BERLIN PY - 1997 SP - 189-192 ST - Wildrosen – Zum ökologischen Anbau prädestiniert. Schriftenreihe des Fachgebietes Obstbau, Nr.11 T2 - 1. Internationale Wildfruchttagung TI - Wildrosen – Zum ökologischen Anbau prädestiniert. Schriftenreihe des Fachgebietes Obstbau, Nr.11 ID - 2163 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In France the alteration of species-rich grasslands is due mainly to agriculture and civil engineering projects (roadways, dams, ski resorts, etc.). The restoration of such ecosystems has been tested in many regions and after many sorts of degradation. According to the level of initial degradation, different responses can be envisioned. Some variations are presented of a general model of restoration and rehabilitation: (1) rejuvenation of fallow land by grazing with rustic animal breeds in wetlands or chalk grasslands in south and northwestern France, (2) restoration by recovery of extensive agricultural management in intensive agricultural areas such as the Rhône or Meuse Valleys, and (3) rehabilitation by appropriate ecological engineering carried out in grasslands degraded by intensification, ski-track, or civil engineering installations. Despite some positive results, these undertakings have not always had the expected effects and therefore should not provide alibis for the destruction of natural grasslands. In general, the success of such undertakings depends on the maintenance in the surrounding areas of protected seed source reservoirs and on the persistence of a diversified landscape pattern permitting connectivity between these seed sources and the restoration or rehabilitation sites. AU - Muller, S. AU - Dutoit, T. AU - Alard, D. AU - Grévilliot, F. DO - 10.1046/j.1526-100x.1998.06112.x IS - 1 PY - 1998 SN - 1526-100X SP - 94-101 ST - Restoration and Rehabilitation of Species-Rich Grassland Ecosystems in France: a Review T2 - Restoration Ecology TI - Restoration and Rehabilitation of Species-Rich Grassland Ecosystems in France: a Review UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100x.1998.06112.x VL - 6 ID - 2164 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Müller-Starck, G. AU - Felber, F. IS - 6 PY - 2010 SP - 223 - 230 ST - Genetische Variation in Altbeständen der Lärche und ihrer natürlichen Verbreitung im Alpenraum T2 - Schweizer Zeitschrift für Forstwesen TI - Genetische Variation in Altbeständen der Lärche und ihrer natürlichen Verbreitung im Alpenraum VL - 161 ID - 2165 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Müller-Wohlfeil, D. AU - Bürger, G. AU - Lahmer, W. LB - mueller2000 PY - 2000 ST - Response of a river catchment to climatic change: application of expanded downscaling to Northern Germany T2 - Climatic Change TI - Response of a river catchment to climatic change: application of expanded downscaling to Northern Germany VL - 47 ID - 2166 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Münch, D. LB - muen98 PY - 1998 SP - 106 ST - Populationsentwicklung und klimatisch veränderte Frühjahrsaktivät von Erdkröte, Teichmolch, Bergmolch und Kammolch an der Höfkerstraße (am NSG Hallerey in Dortmund 1981-1997 T2 - Dortmunder Beitr. Landeskde. Naturwiss. Mitt TI - Populationsentwicklung und klimatisch veränderte Frühjahrsaktivät von Erdkröte, Teichmolch, Bergmolch und Kammolch an der Höfkerstraße (am NSG Hallerey in Dortmund 1981-1997 VL - 32 ID - 2167 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Münch, D. IS - 4 LB - muen01 PY - 2001 SP - 38-40 ST - Amphibien wandern heute 4 Wochen eher als 1981 TI - Amphibien wandern heute 4 Wochen eher als 1981 VL - 9 ID - 2168 ER - TY - GEN AU - Müncher, Rückversicherung LB - muen00 PY - 2000 ST - Topics 2000 TI - Topics 2000 ID - 2169 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Murdoch, P. S. AU - Baron AU - J.S AU - Miller AU - L, T. LB - murd00 PY - 2000 SP - 347-366 ST - Potential effects of climate change on surface water quality in North America T2 - Journal of the American Water Resources Association TI - Potential effects of climate change on surface water quality in North America VL - 36 ID - 2170 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Murdoch, P. S. AU - Baron AU - J.S. AU - Miller AU - L., T. LB - murd00 PY - 2000 SP - 347-366 ST - Potential effects of climate change on surface water quality in North America T2 - Journal of the American Water Resources Association TI - Potential effects of climate change on surface water quality in North America VL - 36 ID - 2171 ER - TY - GEN AU - Mursch-Radlgruber, Erich AU - Trimmel, Heideline PB - Institut für Meteorologie, Deparment Wasser- Atmospäre-Umwelt, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2009 ST - Studie "Räumlich und zeitlich hochaufgelöste Temperaturszenarien für Wien und ausgewählte Analysen bezüglich Adaptionsstrategien. "Räumliche Differenzierung der mikroklimatischen Eigenschaften von Wiener Stadtstrukturen und Anpassungsmaßnahmen TI - Studie "Räumlich und zeitlich hochaufgelöste Temperaturszenarien für Wien und ausgewählte Analysen bezüglich Adaptionsstrategien. "Räumliche Differenzierung der mikroklimatischen Eigenschaften von Wiener Stadtstrukturen und Anpassungsmaßnahmen ID - 2172 ER - TY - GEN AU - Mutsch, F. CY - Wien PY - 2001 ST - Bodenchemische Charakterisierung des Mühleggerköpfls im Rahmen einer Untersuchung über Stickstoff-Flüsse in den Norditoler Kalkalpen TI - Bodenchemische Charakterisierung des Mühleggerköpfls im Rahmen einer Untersuchung über Stickstoff-Flüsse in den Norditoler Kalkalpen ID - 2173 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Myneni, R. B. AU - Keeling, C. D.: AU - Tucker, C. J. AU - Asrar, G. AU - Nemani, R. R. LB - myne97 PY - 1997 SP - 698-702 ST - Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991 T2 - Nature TI - Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991 VL - 38 ID - 2174 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Myneni, R. B. AU - Keeling, C. D. AU - Tucker, C. J. AU - Asrar, G. AU - Nemani, R. R. LB - myne97 PY - 1997 SP - 698-702 ST - Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991 T2 - Nature TI - Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991 VL - 38 ID - 2175 ER - TY - JOUR AU - N.F LB - nf SP - 31 ST - Wissenschaftlicher Schlußbericht, 1998: Klimarisiken - Herausforderung für die Schweiz T2 - Programmleitung des Nationalen Forschungsprogrammes ``Klimaänderungen und Naturkatastrophen``, NFP TI - Wissenschaftlicher Schlußbericht, 1998: Klimarisiken - Herausforderung für die Schweiz ID - 2176 ER - TY - JOUR AU - N.F. LB - nf SP - 31 ST - Wissenschaftlicher Schlußbericht, 1998: Klimarisiken - Herausforderung für die Schweiz T2 - Programmleitung des Nationalen Forschungsprogrammes ``Klimaänderungen und Naturkatastrophen``, NFP TI - Wissenschaftlicher Schlußbericht, 1998: Klimarisiken - Herausforderung für die Schweiz ID - 2177 ER - TY - NEWS AU - N.N. DA - 24.5.2011 PY - 2011 ST - Wien: Neue mobile Trinkbrunnen am Graben und am Praterstern T2 - derStandard.at TI - Wien: Neue mobile Trinkbrunnen am Graben und am Praterstern UR - http://derstandard.at/1304552691517/Frisches-Hochquellwasser-Wien-Neue-mobile-Trinkbrunnen-am-Graben-und-am-Praterstern Y2 - 12.8.2011 ID - 2178 ER - TY - JOUR AU - N.U LB - nu00 PY - 2000 SP - 1-166 ST - Gewässer ohne Wasser? Ökologie, Bewertung, Management temporärer Gewässer T2 - Seminarbericht TI - Gewässer ohne Wasser? Ökologie, Bewertung, Management temporärer Gewässer VL - 5 ID - 2179 ER - TY - JOUR AU - N.U. LB - nu00 PY - 2000 SP - 1-166 ST - Gewässer ohne Wasser? Ökologie, Bewertung, Management temporärer Gewässer T2 - Seminarbericht TI - Gewässer ohne Wasser? Ökologie, Bewertung, Management temporärer Gewässer VL - 5 ID - 2180 ER - TY - BOOK AU - NABU UR - http://www.nabu-schorndorf.de/Distelfalter.htm ID - 2181 ER - TY - RPRT AU - DEUTSCHLAND, NABU - NATURSCHUTZBUND CY - Berlin PY - 2010 ST - StadtKlimaWandel – Rezepte für mehr Lebensqualität und ein besseres Klima in der Stadt T2 - Im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit und Umweltbundesamt Deutschland TI - StadtKlimaWandel – Rezepte für mehr Lebensqualität und ein besseres Klima in der Stadt ID - 2182 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Nachrichten, Statistische CY - Wien LB - kk1900a PB - k.k.statistische Central-Commission mit Unterstützung des k.k.Ackerbau-Ministeriums. (1-20) PY - 1900 ST - Statistische Nachrichten aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Landwirtschaft TI - Statistische Nachrichten aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Landwirtschaft ID - 2183 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nagl, A. M. AU - Hofer, R. LB - nagl97 PY - 1997 SP - 514-519 ST - Effects of ultraviolet radiation on erly larval stages of the Alpine newt, Triturus alpestris, under natural and laboratory conditions T2 - Oecologie TI - Effects of ultraviolet radiation on erly larval stages of the Alpine newt, Triturus alpestris, under natural and laboratory conditions VL - 11 ID - 2184 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Nakicenovic, N. and R. Swart CY - Cambridge. LA - Englisch PB - Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change PY - 2000 ST - Emissions Scenarios: A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Emissions Scenarios: A Special Report of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ID - 2185 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nakicenovic, Nebojsa AU - Nadejda, Voctor AU - Tsuneyuki, Morita IS - 2--4 LB - nakicenovic1998 PY - 1998 SP - 95-120 ST - Emissions Scenarios Database and Review of Scenarios T2 - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change TI - Emissions Scenarios Database and Review of Scenarios VL - 3 ID - 2186 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We tested the hypothesis that hydraulic conductance per unit leaf surface area of plant shoots (K SL) determines the maximum diurnal stomatal conductance (g L) that can be reached by plants growing in the field. A second hypothesis was tested that some xylem cavitation cannot be avoided by transpiring plants and might act as a signal for regulating g L. Eleven woody species were studied, differing from each other with respect to taxonomy, wood anatomy and leaf habit. Maximum diurnal g L, transpiration rate (E L), pre-dawn and minimum diurnal leaf water potential (Ψ pd and Ψ min, respectively) were measured in the field. The critical Ψ level at which stem cavitation was triggered (Ψ cav) was measured on detached branches, using the acoustic method. A high-pressure flow meter was used to measure maximum K SL of 1-year-old shoots. Both g L and E L were positively related to K SL. The whole-plant hydraulic conductance per unit leaf area (K WL) of all the species studied, calculated as the ratio of E L to ΔΨ (=Ψpd-Ψmin) was closely related to K SL. In every case, Ψ min (ranging between –0.85 and –1.35 MPa in the different species) dropped to the Ψ cav range or was <Ψ cav (ranging between –0.71 and –1.23 MPa), thus suggesting that some cavitation-induced embolism could not be avoided. The possibility is discussed that some cavitation-induced reduction in K SL is the signal for stomatal closure preventing runaway embolism. The lack of correlation of g L to Ψ cav is discussed in terms of the inconsistency of Ψ cav as an indicator of the vulnerability of plants to cavitation. No differences in hydraulic traits were observed between evergreen and deciduous species. AU - Nardini, Andrea AU - Salleo, Sebastiano DO - 10.1007/s004680000071 IS - 1 KW - Stomatal conductance Hydraulic conductance Xylem cavitation Leaf resistance Woody plants LA - English N1 - Trees PY - 2000 SN - 0931-1890 SP - 14-24 ST - Limitation of stomatal conductance by hydraulic traits: sensing or preventing xylem cavitation? T2 - Trees TI - Limitation of stomatal conductance by hydraulic traits: sensing or preventing xylem cavitation? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004680000071 VL - 15 ID - 2187 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nash, J. E. AU - Sutcliffe, J. V. DA - 4// DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(70)90255-6 IS - 3 PY - 1970 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 282-290 ST - River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I — A discussion of principles T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - River flow forecasting through conceptual models part I — A discussion of principles UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022169470902556 VL - 10 ID - 3602 ER - TY - GEN AU - Nather, J. AU - Holzer, K. PB - Informationsdienst Forstliche Bundesversuchsanstalt Wien PY - 1979 SP - 181 ST - Über die Bedeutung und die Anlage von Kontrollflächen zur Prüfung von anerkanntem Fichtenpflanzgut TI - Über die Bedeutung und die Anlage von Kontrollflächen zur Prüfung von anerkanntem Fichtenpflanzgut ID - 2188 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Naucke, T. J. AU - Pesson, B. IS - 4 KW - Biomedical and Life Sciences N1 - 0932-0113 PY - 2000 SP - 335 ST - Presence of Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus) mascittii Grassi, 1908 (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Germany T2 - Parasitology Research TI - Presence of Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus) mascittii Grassi, 1908 (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Germany UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004360050053 VL - 86 ID - 2189 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Naucke, T. J. AU - Schmitt, C. PY - 2004 SP - 179-181 ST - Is leishmaniasis becoming endemic in Germany? T2 - International Journal Of Medical Microbiology TI - Is leishmaniasis becoming endemic in Germany? VL - 293 ID - 2190 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - (Hrsg), Aspöck H AU - Naucke, T.J. CY - Linz PY - 2002 ST - Leishmaniose, eine Tropenkrankheit and deren Vektoren (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in Mitteleuropa T2 - Amöben, Bandwürmer, Zecken. Parasiten und parasitäre Erkrankungen des Menschen in Mitteleuropa TI - Leishmaniose, eine Tropenkrankheit and deren Vektoren (Diptera, Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in Mitteleuropa ID - 2191 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Naucke, T.J. AU - Lorentz, S. AU - Grünewald, H. W. PY - 2006 SP - 230-232 ST - Laboratory testing of the insect repellents IR3535 and DEET against Phlebotomus mascittii and P. duboscqi (Diptera: Psychodidae). T2 - International Journal Of Medical Microbiology TI - Laboratory testing of the insect repellents IR3535 and DEET against Phlebotomus mascittii and P. duboscqi (Diptera: Psychodidae). VL - 296 ID - 2192 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forest soil carbon (C) storage is a significant component of the global C cycle, and is important for sustaining forest productivity. Although forest management may have substantial impacts on soil C storage, experimental data from forest harvesting studies have not been synthesized recently. To quantify the effects of harvesting on soil C, and to identify sources of variation in soil C responses to harvest, we used meta-analysis to test a database of 432 soil C response ratios drawn from temperate forest harvest studies around the world. Harvesting reduced soil C by an average of 8 ± 3% (95% CI), although numerous sources of variation mediated this significant, overall effect. In particular, we found that C concentrations and C pool sizes responded differently to harvesting, and forest floors were more likely to lose C than mineral soils. Harvesting caused forest floor C storage to decline by a remarkably consistent 30 ± 6%, but losses were significantly smaller in coniferous/mixed stands (-20%) than hardwoods (-36%). Mineral soils showed no significant, overall change in C storage due to harvest, and variation among mineral soils was best explained by soil taxonomy. Alfisols and Spodosols exhibited no significant changes, and Inceptisols and Ultisols lost mineral soil C (-13% and -7%, respectively). However, these C losses were neither permanent nor unavoidable. Controls on variation within orders were not consistent, but included species composition, time, and sampling depth. Temporal patterns and soil C budgets suggest that forest floor C losses probably have a lesser impact on total soil C storage on Alfisols, Inceptisols, and Ultisols than on Spodosols, which store proportionately large amounts of C in forest floors with long C recovery times (50-70 years). Mineral soil C losses on Inceptisols and Ultisols indicate that these orders are vulnerable to significant harvest-induced changes in total soil C storage, but alternative residue management and site preparation techniques, and the passage of time, may mitigate or negate these losses. Key findings of this analysis, including the dependence of forest floor and mineral soil C storage changes on species composition and soil taxonomic order, suggest that further primary research may make it possible to create predictive maps of forest harvesting effects on soil C storage. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. AD - Ohio State University, Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States University of Michigan Biological Station, Pellston, MI 49769, United States National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States USDA-Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Houghton, MI 49931, United States Nave, L.E. Ohio State University, Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, Columbus, OH 43210, United States email: lukenave@umich.edu AU - Nave, L. E. AU - Vance, E. D. AU - Swanston, C. W. AU - Curtis, P. S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.12.009 IS - 5 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Forest management Harvest Meta-analysis Site preparation Soil carbon Soil order Soil orders Floors Forestry Harvesting Minerals Silicate minerals Taxonomies Soils carbon balance carbon cycle forest floor forest management forest soil harvesting meta-analysis soil carbon soil depth soil type species diversity sustainable forestry taxonomy temperate forest Carbon Forest Management Forests Research Silicates Site Preparation Soil Taxonomy LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):76 CODEN: FECMD References: Adams, D.C., Gurevitch, J., Rosenberg, M.S., Resampling tests for meta-analysis of ecological data (1997) Ecology, 78, pp. 1277-1283; Alban, D.H., Perala, D.A., Carbon storage in Lake States Aspen ecosystems (1992) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 22, pp. 1107-1110; Attiwill, P.M., Adams, M.A., Nutrient cycling in forests (1993) New Phytologist, 124, pp. 561-582; Bauhus, J., Vor, T., Bartsch, N., Cowling, A., The effects of gaps and liming on forest floor decomposition and soil C and N dynamics in a Fagus sylvatica forest (2004) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 34, pp. 509-518; Black, T., Harden, J.W., Effect of timber harvest on soil carbon storage at Blodgett Exp Forest, California (1995) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 25, pp. 1385-1396; Boerner, R.E.J., Waldrop, T.A., Shelburne, V.B., Wildfire mitigation strategies affect soil enzyme activity and soil organic carbon in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) forests (2006) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 36, pp. 3148-3154; Borchers, J.G., Perry, D.A., The influence of soil texture and aggregation on carbon and nitrogen dynamics in Southwest Oregon Forests and clearcuts (1992) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 22, pp. 298-305; Cade-Menun, B.J., Berch, S.M., Preston, C.M., Lavkulich, L.M., Phosphorus forms and related soil chemistry of Podzolic soils on northern Vancouver Island. 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Eisenbies, M.H., Vance, E.D., Aust, W.M., Seiler, J.R., Intensive utilization of harvest residues in southern pine plantations: quantities available and implications for nutrient budgets and sustainable site productivity (2009) Bioenergy Research, 2, pp. 90-98; Elliott, K.J., Knoepp, J.D., The effects of three regeneration harvest methods on plant diversity and soil characteristics in the southern Appalachians (2005) Forest Ecology and Management, 211, pp. 296-317; Ellis, R., Graley, A., Gains and losses in soil nutrients associated with harvesting and burning eucalypt rainforest (1983) Plant and Soil, 74, pp. 437-450; Ellis, R., Lowry, R., Davies, S., The effect of regeneration burning upon the nutrient status of soil in two forest types in southern Tasmania (1982) Plant and Soil, 65, pp. 171-186; Esquilin, A.E.J., Stromberger, M.E., Shepperd, W.D., Soil scarification and wildfire interactions and effects on microbial communities and carbon (2008) Soil Science Society of America Journal, 72, pp. 111-118; 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Precipitation amounts and intensities are increasing. In this study we investigated the response of seven soil erosion models to a few basic precipitation and vegetation related parameters using common data from one humid and one semi-arid watershed. Perturbations were made to inputs for rainfall intensities and amounts, and to ground surface cover and canopy cover. Principal results were that: soil erosion is likely to be more affected than runoff by changes in rainfall and cover, though both are likely to be significantly impacted; percent erosion and runoff will likely change more for each percent change in rainfall intensity and amount than to each percent change in either canopy or ground cover; changes in rainfall amount associated with changes in storm rainfall intensity will likely have a greater impact on runoff and erosion than simply changes in rainfall amount alone; changes in ground cover have a much greater impact on both runoff and erosion than changes in canopy cover alone. The results do not imply that future changes in rainfall will dominate over changes in land use, since land use changes can often be drastic. Given the types of precipitation changes that have occurred over the last century, and the expectations regarding changes over the next century, the results of this study suggest that there is a significant potential for climate change to increase global soil erosion rates unless offsetting conservation measures are taken AU - Nearing, M.A. AU - Jetten, V. AU - Baffaut, C. AU - Cerdan, O. AU - Couturier, A. AU - Hernandez, M. AU - Bissonnais, Y. Le AU - Nichols, M.H. AU - Nunes, J.P. AU - Renschler, C.S. AU - Souchere, V. AU - Oost, K. vam CY - Catena DO - 10.1061/40792(173)482 PY - 2005 SP - 131-154 ST - Modeling response of soil erosion and runoff to changes in precipitation and cover T2 - World Water and Environmental Resources Congress TI - Modeling response of soil erosion and runoff to changes in precipitation and cover VL - 61 ID - 2193 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The movement of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) through soils is an important process for the transport of carbon within ecosystems and the formation of soil organic matter. In some cases, DOC fluxes may also contribute to the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems; in most ecosystems, they are an important source of energy, carbon, and nutrient transfers from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems. Despite their importance for terrestrial and aquatic biogeochemistry, these fluxes are rarely represented in conceptual or numerical models of terrestrial biogeochemistry. In part, this is due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the suite of processes that control DOC dynamics in soils. In this article, we synthesize information on the geochemical and biological factors that control DOC fluxes through soils. We focus on conceptual issues and quantitative evaluations of key process rates to present a general numerical model of DOC dynamics. We then test the sensitivity of the model to variation in the controlling parameters to highlight both the significance of DOC fluxes to terrestrial carbon processes and the key uncertainties that require additional experiments and data. Simulation model results indicate the importance of representing both root carbon inputs and soluble carbon fluxes to predict the quantity and distribution of soil carbon in soil layers. For a test case in a temperate forest, DOC contributed 25% of the total soil profile carbon, whereas roots provided the remainder. The analysis also shows that physical factors - most notably, sorption dynamics and hydrology - play the dominant role in regulating DOC losses from terrestrial ecosystems but that interactions between hydrology and microbial-DOC relationships are important in regulating the fluxes of DOC in the litter and surface soil horizons. The model also indicates that DOC fluxes to deeper soil layers can support a large fraction (up to 30%) of microbial activity below 40 cm. AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States Department of Geological Sciences and Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, United States Neff, J.C. Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States email: jasonn@nrel.colostate.edu AU - Neff, J. C. AU - Asner, G. P. 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LB - nema03 PY - 2003 SP - 1560-1563 ST - Climate - Driven Increases in Global Terrstrial Net Primary Production from 1982 - 1999 T2 - Science TI - Climate - Driven Increases in Global Terrstrial Net Primary Production from 1982 - 1999 VL - 30 ID - 2197 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nemani, R.: R. AU - Feeling, Ch. D. AU - Hashimoto, H. AU - Jolly, W. M. AU - Piper, St. C. AU - Tucker, C. J. AU - Myneni, R. B. AU - Running, St. W. LB - nema03 PY - 2003 SP - 1560-1563 ST - Climate - Driven Increases in Global Terrstrial Net Primary Production from 1982 - 1999 T2 - Science TI - Climate - Driven Increases in Global Terrstrial Net Primary Production from 1982 - 1999 VL - 30 ID - 2198 ER - TY - GEN AU - Nemestothy, K. PY - 2011 ST - Holzströme in Österreich 2009 – Stand Juli 2011. In: Biomasseverband (2011): Basisdaten 2011 – Bioenergie TI - Holzströme in Österreich 2009 – Stand Juli 2011. In: Biomasseverband (2011): Basisdaten 2011 – Bioenergie ID - 3482 ER - TY - BOOK AU - NERL, W., MESSNER, L., SCHWAB, P. CY - Klosterneuburg PB - Hubertus PY - 1995 ST - Das große Gamsbuch TI - Das große Gamsbuch ID - 2199 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Nerl, W. AU - Messner, L. AU - Schwab, P. CY - Klosterneuburg PB - Hubertus PY - 1995 ST - Das große Gamsbuch TI - Das große Gamsbuch ID - 2200 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Feigl, Helmuth A2 - Rosner, Willibald AU - Nestroy, Othmar LB - nestroy1990 PB - Selbstverlag NÖ Inst. f. Landeskunde. Studien und Forschungen aus dem NÖ Inst. f. Landeskunde. Feigl, Helmuth. 1988. PY - 1990 SP - 1-18 ST - Die Natürlichen Grundlagen Des Weinbaus in Niederösterreich T2 - NÖ Schriften 38 Wissenschaft TI - Die Natürlichen Grundlagen Des Weinbaus in Niederösterreich ID - 2201 ER - TY - THES AU - Netherer, S. LB - neth97 N1 - Dipl. Arbeit PB - Univ. f. Bodenkultur, Wien PY - 1997 ST - Erarbeitung eines Bewirtschaftungsschlüssels zur Einschätzung der Prädisposition von Standorten und Beständen gegenüber Pristiphora abietina (Christ TI - Erarbeitung eines Bewirtschaftungsschlüssels zur Einschätzung der Prädisposition von Standorten und Beständen gegenüber Pristiphora abietina (Christ ID - 2202 ER - TY - THES AU - Netherer, S. LB - neth03 N1 - Diss. PB - Univ. f. Bodenkultur, Wien PY - 2003 SP - 98 ST - Modelling of bark beetle development and of site- and stand-related predisposition to Ips typographus (L,(Coleoptera; Scolytidae). A contribution to risk assessment TI - Modelling of bark beetle development and of site- and stand-related predisposition to Ips typographus (L,(Coleoptera; Scolytidae). A contribution to risk assessment ID - 2203 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Natural disturbances such as bark beetle infestations, feeding of vertebrates, storm throw, or snow breakage constitute important determinants for decision-making processes in forest management. Knowledge concerning the mechanisms of disturbance agents and the spatial distribution of predisposed stands allows for both an optimized input of labor and financial resources in forest management and may support the definition of core areas and surrounding buffer zones in protected areas. In order to face the demand for tools that illuminate the complex causal relationships between disturbance agents and predisposing site and stand-related characteristics, knowledge-based expert models for hazard assessment were developed. Key factors for the predisposition of forests to diverse biotic and abiotic agents were identified by an extensive literature research and expert discussions, and summarized by way of checklists. We discuss the basic assumptions of our predisposition assessment systems (PAS), using the specific model for the eight-toothed spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) and the results of the system's application and verification in the High Tatra Mountains. We demonstrate that the spatial distribution of predisposing indicators significantly corresponds to the pattern of bark beetle attacks in the research area. The assessment system offers high flexibility of the underlying database and for spatial resolution, allows for a retrospective analysis of forest damages, for various possibilities of application (e.g., as a checklist, spatial analysis, etc.), and for easy incorporation of new scientific findings and empiric knowledge. AU - Netherer, Sigrid AU - Nopp-Mayr, Ursula DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.10.020 IS - 1–2 KW - Assessment Decision-making Forest management Forest protection Ips typographus Predisposition PY - 2005 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 99-107 ST - Predisposition assessment systems (PAS) as supportive tools in forest management—rating of site and stand-related hazards of bark beetle infestation in the High Tatra Mountains as an example for system application and verification T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Predisposition assessment systems (PAS) as supportive tools in forest management—rating of site and stand-related hazards of bark beetle infestation in the High Tatra Mountains as an example for system application and verification UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112704007303 VL - 207 ID - 2204 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The nature of “climate change” will differ with geographical regions and its final impact on ecosystems vary with the extent of temperature increase, changes in irradiance and levels of UVB, amount and patterns of precipitation and humidity, and alterations in the incidence and nature of abiotic disturbances. Despite many uncertainties, there is consensus in the fact that global warming already has and will have impact on the temporal and spatial dynamics of insect herbivores. Ectothermic organisms are affected by the changes in environmental conditions directly in dispersal, reproduction, development and mortality, and indirectly through altered plant nutritional quality, resistance and via community interactions. Ambiguous consequences are to be expected depending on the individual host plant and herbivore species, probably involving altered incidence and intensity of pest outbreaks and changes in distributional ranges. Regions that represent northern or upper limits of occurrence, such as the Alps or the boreal zone, are likely to be affected most by an increase in stability and population density of certain pest species, such as defoliating insects or bark beetles. At the same time, temperature increase and drought will render areas of distribution in southern and continental parts of Europe less suitable for heat susceptible species, which will probably not only result in northwards shifts, but range contractions. The review is based on chapters of the “Study on impacts of climate change on European forests and options for adaptation” led by the European Forest Institute (Efi) and on results of the EU project “PROMOTH - Global change and pine processionary moth: a new challenge for integrated pest management”. Thaumetopoea pityocampa serves as illustrative example for insect herbivores whose latitudinal and altitudinal distribution is mainly controlled by temperature and already modified by global warming. AU - Netherer, Sigrid AU - Schopf, Axel IS - 4 PY - 2010 SP - 831-838 ST - Potential effects of climate change on insect herbivores in European forests—General aspects and the pine processionary moth as specific example T2 - Forest ecology and management TI - Potential effects of climate change on insect herbivores in European forests—General aspects and the pine processionary moth as specific example UR - http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND44313660 VL - 259 ID - 2205 ER - TY - GEN AU - NEU PY - 2006 ST - The nitrogen cycle and its influence on the European greenhouse gas balance, Integrated Project, Annex I - "Description of Work" TI - The nitrogen cycle and its influence on the European greenhouse gas balance, Integrated Project, Annex I - "Description of Work" ID - 2206 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Science, ProClim-Forum for Climate and Global Change Platform of the Swiss Academy of AU - Neu, U., Thalmann, E. CY - Bern PY - 2005 ST - Hitzesommer 2003 Synthesebericht TI - Hitzesommer 2003 Synthesebericht ID - 2207 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Neu, U. AU - Thalmann, E. CY - Bern PY - 2005 ST - Hitzesommer 2003 Synthesebericht TI - Hitzesommer 2003 Synthesebericht ID - 2208 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Background Current standards for fine particulates and nitrogen dioxide are under revision. Patients with cardiovascular disease have been identified as the largest group which need to be protected from effects of urban air pollution.Methods We sought to estimate associations between indicators of urban air pollution and daily mortality using time series of daily TSP, PM10, PM2.5, NO2, SO2, O3 and nontrauma deaths in Vienna (Austria) 2000-2004. We used polynomial distributed lag analysis adjusted for seasonality, daily temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure and incidence of influenza as registered by sentinels.Results All three particulate measures and NO2 were associated with mortality from all causes and from ischemic heart disease and COPD at all ages and in the elderly. The magnitude of the effect was largest for PM2.5 and NO2. Best predictor of mortality increase lagged 0-7 days was PM2.5 (for ischemic heart disease and COPD) and NO2 (for other heart disease and all causes). Total mortality increase, lagged 0-14 days, per 10 [mu]g m-3 was 2.6% for PM2.5 and 2.9% for NO2, mainly due to cardiopulmonary and cerebrovascular causes.Conclusion Acute and subacute lethal effects of urban air pollution are predicted by PM2.5 and NO2 increase even at relatively low levels of these pollutants. This is consistent with results on hospital admissions and the lack of a threshold. While harvesting (reduction of mortality after short increase due to premature deaths of most sensitive persons) seems to be of minor importance, deaths accumulate during 14 days after an increase of air pollutants. The limit values for PM2.5 and NO2 proposed for 2010 in the European Union are unable to prevent serious health effects. AU - Neuberger, Manfred AU - Rabczenko, Daniel AU - Moshammer, Hanns IS - 38 KW - Air pollution Particulate matter Nitrogen dioxide Mortality Time series Cardiopulmonary mortality N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.07.013 PY - 2007 SN - 1352-2310 SP - 8549-8556 ST - Extended effects of air pollution on cardiopulmonary mortality in Vienna T2 - Atmospheric Environment TI - Extended effects of air pollution on cardiopulmonary mortality in Vienna UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231007006279 VL - 41 ID - 2209 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To examine hypotheses regarding health effects of particulate matter, we conducted time series studies in Austrian urban and rural areas. Of the pollutants measured, ambient PM2.5 was most consistently associated with parameters of respiratory health. Time series studies applying semiparametric generalized additive models showed significant increases of respiratory hospital admissions (ICD 490-496) at age 65 and older. The early increase of 5.5% in Vienna at a lag of 2 days in males and of 5.6% per 10 [mu]g/m3 at a lag of 3 days in females was not observed in a nearby rural area. Another increase of respiratory admissions (mainly COPD) was observed after a lag of 10-11 days. A time series on a panel of 56 healthy preschool children showed a significant impact of the carbonaceous fraction of PM2.5 on tidal breathing pattern assessed by inductive plethysmography. In repeated oscillometric measurements of respiratory resistance in 164 healthy elementary school children not only immediate responses to fine particulates were found but also latent ones, possibly indicating inflammatory changes in airways. It may be speculated that the improvements of urban air quality prevented measurable effects on respiratory mortality. More sensitive indicators, however, still show acute impairments of respiratory function and health in elderly and children which are associated with fine particulates and subfractions related to motor traffic. AU - Neuberger, Manfred AU - Schimek, Michael G. AU - Horak, Friedrich AU - Moshammer, Hanns AU - Kundi, Michael AU - Frischer, Thomas AU - Gomiscek, Bostjan AU - Puxbaum, Hans AU - Hauck, Helger IS - 24 KW - Air pollution Respiratory health Hospital admission Lung function Time series N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.12.044 PY - 2004 SN - 1352-2310 SP - 3971-3981 ST - Acute effects of particulate matter on respiratory diseases, symptoms and functions:: epidemiological results of the Austrian Project on Health Effects of Particulate Matter (AUPHEP) T2 - Atmospheric Environment TI - Acute effects of particulate matter on respiratory diseases, symptoms and functions:: epidemiological results of the Austrian Project on Health Effects of Particulate Matter (AUPHEP) UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231004003036 VL - 38 ID - 2210 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Feigl, Helmuth A2 - Rosner, Willibald AU - Neugebauer, Johannes-Wolfgang CY - Wien LB - neugebauer1990 PB - Selbstverlag NÖ Inst. f. Landeskunde PY - 1990 SP - 19-24 ST - Urzeitlicher (Vorrömischer) Weinbau in Niederösterreich. Studien und Forschungen aus dem NÖ Inst. f. Landeskunde (1988) T2 - NÖ Schriften 38 Wissenschaft TI - Urzeitlicher (Vorrömischer) Weinbau in Niederösterreich. Studien und Forschungen aus dem NÖ Inst. f. Landeskunde (1988) ID - 2211 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Neumann, M. AU - G. Schnabel, et al. PY - 2001 SP - 235 ST - Waldzustandsmonitoring in Österreich: Ergebnisse der Intensivbeobachtungsflächen (Level II) = Forest Condition Monitoring in Austria: Results of the Permanent Observation Plots (Level II) T2 - FBVA-Berichte TI - Waldzustandsmonitoring in Österreich: Ergebnisse der Intensivbeobachtungsflächen (Level II) = Forest Condition Monitoring in Austria: Results of the Permanent Observation Plots (Level II) VL - 122 ID - 2212 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Neuwinger-Raschendorfer, Ilse AU - Czell, A IS - I LB - neuwinger:61 PY - 1961 SP - 371-410 ST - Böden in den Tiroler Zentralalpen T2 - Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundes-Versuchsanstalt Mariabrunn TI - Böden in den Tiroler Zentralalpen VL - 59 ID - 2213 ER - TY - WEB AU - Management, New York City Office of Emergency M1 - 23.5.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.nyc.gov/html/oem/html/pr/10_07_04_cooling_centers.shtml ID - 2214 ER - TY - WEB AU - Management, New York City Office of Emergency M1 - 19.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.nyc.gov/html/oem/html/hazards/heat_cooling.shtml ID - 2215 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Rapid ozone decreases near the base of the Antarctic Penninsula have recently been observed in total ozone maps produced from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS). These rapid decreases have been labeled mini‐holes because of their relatively small horizontal scales (1000‐3000 km) with respect to the larger scale ozone hole. The mini‐holes do not show a preferential genesis region, but they do tend to intensify most strongly over the Antarctic Penninsula and the East Antarctica ice sheet. Typical time scales are on the order of 1‐5 days. The mini‐holes have been analyzed using a digital filter. Two mini‐holes case studies from 1987 show: 1) a strong correlation of the total ozone mini‐hole with a temperature mini‐hole (i.e. a negative temperature perturbation), 2) a westward tilt with altitude of the temperature mini‐hole. 3) the mini‐hole in ozone is phase shifted slightly to the east of a high in the geopotential height field, and 4) the mini‐hole is phase shifted slightly to the west of a local low in the Ertel's potential vorticity (Epv) field (note that an Epv low is generally associated with cyclonic flow in the southern hemisphere). AU - Newman, Paul A. AU - Lait, Leslie R. AU - Schoeberl, Mark R. DO - 10.1029/GL015i008p00923 IS - 8 KW - 3334 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Middle atmosphere dynamics 3349 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Polar meteorology 3364 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Synoptic-scale meteorology 0340 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— composition and chemistry PY - 1988 SN - 0094-8276 SP - 923-926 ST - The morphology and meteorology of southern hemisphere spring total ozone mini‐holes T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - The morphology and meteorology of southern hemisphere spring total ozone mini‐holes UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/GL015i008p00923 VL - 15 ID - 2216 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Nicholson, W. ET - Eighth LB - nicholson2002 PB - South-Western Thomson Learning PY - 2002 ST - Microeconomis Theory / Basic Principles and Extensions TI - Microeconomis Theory / Basic Principles and Extensions ID - 2217 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nicol, J. F. AU - Humphreys, Michael A. PY - 2002 SP - 563-572 ST - Adaptive thermal comfort and sustainable thermal standards for buildings T2 - Energy and Buildings TI - Adaptive thermal comfort and sustainable thermal standards for buildings VL - 34 ID - 2218 ER - TY - JOUR AU - NICOLAS J., AUMONT C. PY - 1994 SP - 30-34 ST - Le thrips californien sur pecher-nectarinier en Roussillon. Synthese de trois annees d´etudes T2 - Phytoma TI - Le thrips californien sur pecher-nectarinier en Roussillon. Synthese de trois annees d´etudes VL - 460 ID - 2219 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nicolas, J. AU - Aumont, C. PY - 1994 SP - 30-34 ST - Le thrips californien sur pecher-nectarinier en Roussillon. Synthese de trois annees d´etudes T2 - Phytoma TI - Le thrips californien sur pecher-nectarinier en Roussillon. Synthese de trois annees d´etudes VL - 460 ID - 2220 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Nicolussi, K. M. Kaufmann G. Patzelt J. Pflicht Van Der A. Thurner CY - Berlin Heidelberg PB - Springer-Verlag PY - 2005 ST - Holocene tree-line variability in the Kauner Valley, Central Eastern Alps, indicated by dendrochronological analysis of living trees and subfossil logs T2 - Vegetation History and Archaeobotany TI - Holocene tree-line variability in the Kauner Valley, Central Eastern Alps, indicated by dendrochronological analysis of living trees and subfossil logs VL - 14 ID - 2221 ER - TY - RPRT AU - NICOLUSSI, K., G. PATZELT CY - Wien PY - 2006 SP - 3 - 5. ST - Klimawandel und Veränderungen an der alpinen Waldgrenze - aktuelle Entwicklungen im Vergleich zur Nacheiszeit T2 - BFW-Praxisinformation 10 TI - Klimawandel und Veränderungen an der alpinen Waldgrenze - aktuelle Entwicklungen im Vergleich zur Nacheiszeit ID - 2222 ER - TY - CHAP AU - NICOLUSSI, K., M. KAUFMANN, G. PATZELT, J. PFLICHT VAN DER, A. THURNER CY - Berlin Heidelberg PB - Springer-Verlag PY - 2005 ST - Holocene tree-line variability in the Kauner Valley, Central Eastern Alps, indicated by dendrochronological analysis of living trees and subfossil logs T2 - Vegetation History and Archaeobotany TI - Holocene tree-line variability in the Kauner Valley, Central Eastern Alps, indicated by dendrochronological analysis of living trees and subfossil logs VL - 14 ID - 2223 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Nicolussi, K. AU - Patzelt, G. CY - Wien PY - 2006 SP - 3 - 5. ST - Klimawandel und Veränderungen an der alpinen Waldgrenze - aktuelle Entwicklungen im Vergleich zur Nacheiszeit TI - Klimawandel und Veränderungen an der alpinen Waldgrenze - aktuelle Entwicklungen im Vergleich zur Nacheiszeit ID - 2224 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Niehaus, G. IS - 2 LB - niehaus2002 PY - 2002 SP - 585-596 ST - The Allocation of Catastrophe Risk T2 - Journal of Banking and Finance TI - The Allocation of Catastrophe Risk VL - 26 ID - 2225 ER - TY - JOUR AU - NIESE, G. PY - 2011 SE - 29 SP - 29-31 ST - Österreichs Schutzwälder sind total überaltert T2 - BFW Praxis Information TI - Österreichs Schutzwälder sind total überaltert UR - http://bfw.ac.at/030/pdf/1818_pi24.pdf (abgerufen am 25.03.2013) VL - 24 ID - 2226 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Niesel, A. CY - Stuttgart PB - Ulmer PY - 2006 ST - Grünflächen-Pflegemanagement. Dynamische Pflege von Grün TI - Grünflächen-Pflegemanagement. Dynamische Pflege von Grün ID - 2227 ER - TY - THES AU - Nievergelt, B. PY - 1965 ST - Der Alpensteinbock in seinem Lebensraum T2 - Univ. Zürich TI - Der Alpensteinbock in seinem Lebensraum ID - 2228 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forest trees are exposed to a myriad of single and combined stresses with varying strength and duration throughout their lifetime, and many of the simultaneous and successive stress factors strongly interact. While much progress has been achieved in understanding the effects of single stresses on tree performance, multiple interacting stress effects cannot be adequately assessed from combination of single factor analyses. In particular, global change brings about novel combinations of severity and timing of different stresses, the effects of which on tree performance are currently hard to predict. Furthermore, the combinations of stresses commonly sustained by trees change during tree ontogeny. In addition, tree photosynthesis and growth rates decline with increasing tree age and size, while support biomass in roots, stem and branches accumulates and the concentrations of non-structural carbohydrates increase, collectively resulting in an enhancement of non-structural carbon pools. In this review, tree physiological responses to key environmental stress factors and their combinations are analyzed from seedlings to mature trees. The key conclusions of this analysis are that combined stresses can influence survival of large trees even more than chronic exposure to a single predictable stress such as drought. In addition, tree tolerance to many environmental stresses increases throughout the ontogeny as the result of accumulation of non-structural carbon pools, implying major change in sensing, response and acclimation to single and multiple stresses in trees of different size and age. AU - Niinemets, Ülo DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.054 IS - 10 KW - Single and interacting stresses Non-structural carbon pools Ontogeny Photosynthesis Plasticity Stress diagnosis Volatile organic compounds PY - 2010 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 1623-1639 ST - Responses of forest trees to single and multiple environmental stresses from seedlings to mature plants: Past stress history, stress interactions, tolerance and acclimation T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Responses of forest trees to single and multiple environmental stresses from seedlings to mature plants: Past stress history, stress interactions, tolerance and acclimation UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112710004743 VL - 260 ID - 2229 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Lack of information on ecological characteristics of species across different continents hinders development of general world-scale quantitative vegetation dynamic models. We constructed common scales of shade, drought, and waterlogging tolerance for 806 North American, European/West Asian, and East Asian temperate shrubs and trees representing about 40% of the extant natural Northern Hemisphere species pool. These scales were used to test the hypotheses that shade tolerance is negatively related to drought and waterlogging tolerances, and that these correlations vary among continents and plant functional types. We observed significant negative correlations among shade and drought tolerance rankings for all data pooled, and separately for every continent and plant functional type, except for evergreen angiosperms. Another significant trade-off was found for drought and waterlogging tolerance for all continents, and for evergreen and deciduous angiosperms, but not for gymnosperms. For all data pooled, for Europe and East Asia, and for evergreen and deciduous angiosperms, shade tolerance was also negatively associated with waterlogging tolerance. Quantile regressions revealed that the negative relationship between shade and drought tolerance was significant for species growing in deep to moderate shade and that the negative relationship between shade and waterlogging tolerance was significant for species growing in moderate shade to high light, explaining why all relationships between different tolerances were negative according to general regression analyses. Phylogenetic signal in the tolerance to any one of the three environmental factors studied was significant but low, with only 21-24% of cladogram nodes exhibiting significant conservatism. The inverse relationships between different tolerances were significant in phylogenetically independent analyses both for the overall pool of species and for two multispecies genera (Pinus and Quercus) for which reliable molecular phylogenies were available. Only 2.6-10.3% of the species were relatively tolerant to two environmental stresses simultaneously (tolerance value ≥3), and only three species were tolerant to all three stresses, supporting the existence of functional trade-offs in adjusting to multiple environmental limitations. These trade-offs represent a constraint for niche differentiation, reducing the diversity of plant responses to the many combinations of irradiance and water supply that are found in natural ecosystems. © 2006 by the Ecological Society of America. AD - Department of Plant Physiology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51011 Tartu, Estonia Centro di Ecologia Alpina, I-38040 Viote del Monte Bondone (TN), Italy Instituto de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, C.S.I.C., Serrano 115 dpdo., E-28006 Madrid, Spain Valladares, F. Instituto de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Ciencias Medioambientales, C.S.I.C., Serrano 115 dpdo., E-28006 Madrid, Spain email: valladares@ccma.csic.es AU - Niinemets, Ü AU - Valladares, F. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1890/0012-9615(2006)076[0521:TTSDAW]2.0.CO;2 IS - 4 J2 - Ecol. Monogr. KW - Drought tolerance Functional plant type Intercontinental comparisons Phylogeny Shade tolerance Trade-offs Waterlogging tolerance angiosperm correlation deciduous tree drought resistance evergreen tree gymnosperm hypothesis testing Northern Hemisphere phylogenetics regression analysis shade tolerance shrub species pool temperate environment waterlogging Asia Eurasia Europe Far East North America West Asia Gymnospermae Magnoliophyta Quercus LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 123 CODEN: ECMOA References: Aasamaa, K., Sõber, A., Hydraulic conductance and stomatal sensitivity to changes of leaf water status in six deciduous tree species (2001) Biologia Plantarum, 44, pp. 65-73; Aasamaa, K., Sõber, A., Hartung, W., Niinemets, Ü., Drought acclimation of two deciduous tree species of different layers in a temperate forest canopy (2004) Trees: Structure and Function, 18, pp. 93-101; Abrams, M.D., Adaptations and responses to drought in Quercus species of North America (1990) Tree Physiology, 7, pp. 227-238; Abrams, M.D., Genotypic and phenotypic variation as stress adaptations in temperate tree species: A review of several case studies (1994) Tree Physiology, 14, pp. 833-842; Abrams, M.D., Kubiske, M.E., Mostoller, S.A., Relating wet and dry year ecophysiology to leaf structure in contrasting temperate tree species (1994) Ecology, 75, pp. 123-133; Acherar, M., Rambal, S., Comparative water relations of four Mediterranean oak species (1992) Vegetatio, 99-100, pp. 177-184; Ackerly, D.D., (2004) Analysis of Traits (AOT), Version 3.0: A Module of PHYLOCOM, , http://www.phylodiversity.net/phylocom, and Version 3.21 by C. 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PY - 2007 ST - Ausbaustrategie Erneuerbare Energie - Aktualisierung und Neubewer-tung bis zu den Jahren 2020 und 2030 mit Ausblick bis 2050, Untersuchung im Auftrag des Bun-desministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit. TI - Ausbaustrategie Erneuerbare Energie - Aktualisierung und Neubewer-tung bis zu den Jahren 2020 und 2030 mit Ausblick bis 2050, Untersuchung im Auftrag des Bun-desministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit ID - 2234 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nobilis, F. AU - Haiden, T. AU - Kerschbaum, M. LB - nobilis1991 PY - 1991 SP - 89-94 ST - Statistical considerations concerning probable maximum precipitation (PMP) in the Alpine country of Austria. T2 - Theor. Appl. Climatol. TI - Statistical considerations concerning probable maximum precipitation (PMP) in the Alpine country of Austria VL - 44 ID - 2235 ER - TY - JOUR AU - NOLL, J. PY - 1961 SP - 253-291 ST - Über die Ursachen der Massenvermehrung der Erdraupen der Wintersaateule (A. segetum Schiff.) T2 - Nachrichtenbl. Dtsch. Pflanzenschutzd TI - Über die Ursachen der Massenvermehrung der Erdraupen der Wintersaateule (A. segetum Schiff.) VL - 15 ID - 2236 ER - TY - CONF AU - Noqueira, P. CY - Pecs, Ungarn PY - 2005 ST - Modelling heat related excess mortality: New insights given by 2003s Heat wave T2 - International Conference Climate Change: Impacts and Responses in CEE Countries. 5.-8.11.2005 TI - Modelling heat related excess mortality: New insights given by 2003s Heat wave ID - 2237 ER - TY - CPAPER AU - G., NORDENSON AU - C., SEAVITT AU - (Hrsg.), YARINSKY A. et. Al. CY - Ostfildern & New York DO - ISBN 978-3-7757-2578-1*GB PB - Hatje Cantz Verlag & The Museum Of Modern Art PY - 2010 SP - 316 T2 - Exhibition Rising Currents: Projects for New York's Waterfront ; (New York, NY) : 2010.03.24-08.09 TI - On the Water / Palisade Bay ID - 2238 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nordhaus, W. D. DA - Nov. LB - nordhaus1992 PY - 1992 SP - 1315 - 1319 ST - An optimal transition path for controlling greenhouse gases T2 - Science TI - An optimal transition path for controlling greenhouse gases VL - 258 ID - 2239 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Nordhaus, W. D. DA - December 28 LB - nordhaus1998 PB - Yale University PY - 1998 ST - New estimates of the economic impacts of climate change TI - New estimates of the economic impacts of climate change ID - 2240 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Nordhaus, W. D. DA - January 22 LB - nordhaus1999 PB - National Research Council PY - 1999 ST - The economic impacts of abrupt climatic change. The role of oceans, atmosphere and the polar regions TI - The economic impacts of abrupt climatic change. The role of oceans, atmosphere and the polar regions ID - 2241 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nordhaus, W.D. 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T2 - New Phytologist TI - ansley Review: Functional responses of plants to elevated atmospheric CO2 - Do photosynthetic and productivity data from FACE experiments sup-port early predictions? VL - 162: ID - 2245 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Nowinski, Nicole S AU - Trumbore, Susan E AU - Schuur, Edward AG AU - Mack, Michelle C AU - Shaver, Gaius R LB - nowinski:07 PY - 2007 ST - Nutrient addition prompts rapid destabilization of organic matter in an Arctic Tundra ecosystem T2 - Ecosystems TI - Nutrient addition prompts rapid destabilization of organic matter in an Arctic Tundra ecosystem VL - doi 10.1007/s10021-007-9104-1 ID - 2246 ER - TY - GEN AD - Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7026, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden Nylund, J.-E. Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7026, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden AU - Nylund, J. E. AU - Wallander, H. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S0580-9517(08)70088-6 J2 - Methods Microbiol. LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):129 PY - 1992 SN - 05809517 SP - 77-88 ST - 5 Ergosterol Analysis as a Means of Quantifying Mycorrhizal Biomass T2 - Methods in Microbiology TI - 5 Ergosterol Analysis as a Means of Quantifying Mycorrhizal Biomass UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77956850345&partnerID=40&md5=b1664ce54e6fa41d43460cf186eafa1c VL - 24 ID - 3447 ER - TY - JOUR AB - 1. The source of seed or plant material can have profound implications for the success of restoration efforts because most species exhibit adaptive genetic variation within their range. Understanding the geographical distribution of ecologically relevant genetic variation and the environmental factors driving adaptive divergence within species will help to ensure appropriate sourcing of material for ecological restoration. 2. We present a study of geographical variation of ecologically important traits of the forest tree jarrah Eucalyptus marginata from a 15-year-old provenance trial in south-western Australia. We assessed trait variation in association with rainfall, latitude and slope position at the site of origin. 3. Survival and stem diameter varied at the largest scale, between northern and southern jarrah forest provenances. Stem diameter also varied among rainfall zones, while latitude was a more important determinant of variation of reproductive traits (flowers and buds). None of the environmental variables accounted for significant variation of height, growth form or the presence of capsules. Slope position at the site of origin did not account for significant variation of any trait. 4. Trees from low rainfall sites had smaller stem diameters, possibly reflecting selection for slower growth. Such a strategy could prevent drought stress and may explain why trees from the high rainfall southern jarrah forest, which showed the fastest growth, had the poorest survival at the drier northern trial site. 5. Variation in the presence of buds and flowers among latitudinal divisions may be because of variation in flowering time, which has been observed previously among E. marginata populations. However, variation among replicate blocks within the trial suggests that the environment also strongly influences expression of these traits. 6. Synthesis and applications. We have demonstrated divergence of several ecologically important traits in association with different types of environmental variation. Our findings support an argument for 'habitat matching' when sourcing material for restoration; however, differences among trait types in the distribution of variation highlight the need to consider environmental variation at a range of geographical scales. Consideration of ecologically important genetic variation within species is important and this information should be integrated into seed collection strategies for ecological restoration. © 2007 The Authors. AD - School of Animal Biology (M092), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia Department of Environment and Conservation, Bentley Delivery Centre, Locked Bag 104, WA 6983, Australia Kings Park and Botanic Garden, Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, Fraser Ave, West Perth, WA 6005, Australia O'Brien, E.K. School of Animal Biology (M092), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia email: eobrien@cyllene.uwa.edu.au AU - O'Brien, E. K. AU - Mazanec, R. A. 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Dirzo R. Sarukhan J. pp. Sinauer Association, Sunderland, MA; Schenk, H.J., Jackson, R.B., Rooting depths, lateral root spreads and below-ground/above-ground allometries of plants in water-limited ecosystems (2002) Journal of Ecology, 90, pp. 480-494; Storfer, A., Gene flow and endangered species translocations: A topic revisited (1999) Biological Conservation, 87, pp. 173-180; Wheeler, M.A., Byrne, M., Congruence between phylogeographic patterns in cpDNA variation in Eucalyptus marginata (Myrtaceae) and geomorphology of the Darling Plateau, south-west of western Australia (2006) Australian Journal of Botany, 54, pp. 17-26; Wheeler, M.A., Byrne, M., McComb, J.A., Little genetic differentiation within the dominant forest tree Eucalyptus marginata (Myrtaceae) of south-western Australia (2003) Silvae Genetica, 52, pp. 254-259; Williams, E.R., Matheson, A.C., Harwood, C.E., (2002) Experimental Design and Analysis for Tree Improvement, , 2nd edn. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia PY - 2007 SN - 00218901 SP - 583-593 ST - Provenance variation of ecologically important traits of forest trees: Implications for restoration T2 - Journal of Applied Ecology TI - Provenance variation of ecologically important traits of forest trees: Implications for restoration UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249023942&partnerID=40&md5=1076137aab294e3406bd2807d860f43f VL - 44 ID - 2247 ER - TY - JOUR AU - O.A LB - oa93 PY - 1993 ST - Bestandsaufnahme Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen auf Österreich - mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich, Dokumentation, Verlag der Österreichische Akademie der Wi T2 - ÖAW TI - Bestandsaufnahme Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen auf Österreich - mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich, Dokumentation, Verlag der Österreichische Akademie der Wi ID - 2248 ER - TY - JOUR AU - O.A. LB - oa93 PY - 1993 ST - Bestandsaufnahme Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen auf Österreich - mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich, Dokumentation, Verlag der Österreichische Akademie der Wi T2 - ÖAW TI - Bestandsaufnahme Anthropogene Klimaänderungen: Mögliche Auswirkungen auf Österreich - mögliche Maßnahmen in Österreich, Dokumentation, Verlag der Österreichische Akademie der Wi ID - 2249 ER - TY - JOUR AU - O.N, M. LB - on32 PY - 1997 SP - 1-84 ST - Richtlinie für die ökologische Untersuchung und Bewertung von Fließgewässern T2 - Fachnormenausschuß TI - Richtlinie für die ökologische Untersuchung und Bewertung von Fließgewässern VL - 6232/140: Wassergüte und -aufbereitung ID - 2250 ER - TY - JOUR AU - OBERFORSTER, M. AU - KRÜPL, K. PY - 2003 SP - 17-20 ST - Winterweizen: Erzeugungsstrategien differenzieren! T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Winterweizen: Erzeugungsstrategien differenzieren! VL - 56 ID - 2251 ER - TY - GEN AU - ÖBF PY - 2004 ST - Waldbauhandbuch TI - Waldbauhandbuch ID - 2252 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Obled, C. PY - 1990 SP - 599-613 ST - Hydrological modelling in regions of rugged relief T2 - Hydrology in Mountainous Regions. I-Hydrological Measurements; the Water Cycle TI - Hydrological modelling in regions of rugged relief VL - IAHS Publ. 193 ID - 2253 ER - TY - JOUR AU - OcCC PY - 2003 ST - Extremereignisse und Klimaänderung: Bern, OcCC, Organe consultatif sur les changements climatiques, Beratendes Organ für Fragen der Klimaänderung. TI - Extremereignisse und Klimaänderung: Bern, OcCC, Organe consultatif sur les changements climatiques, Beratendes Organ für Fragen der Klimaänderung ID - 2254 ER - TY - GEN AU - OcCC CY - Bern PB - OcCC / ProClim PY - 2007 ST - Klimaänderung und die Schweiz 2050. Erwartete Auswirkungen auf Umwelt, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft TI - Klimaänderung und die Schweiz 2050. Erwartete Auswirkungen auf Umwelt, Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft ID - 2255 ER - TY - GEN AU - climatiques), OcCC (Organe consultatif sur les changements CY - Bern PY - 2003 ST - Extremereignisse und Klimaänderung TI - Extremereignisse und Klimaänderung ID - 2256 ER - TY - GEN AU - climatiques), OcCC (Organe consultatif sur les changements CY - Bern PY - 2004 ST - Das Klima ändert – auch in der Schweiz TI - Das Klima ändert – auch in der Schweiz ID - 2257 ER - TY - GOVDOC AU - OcCc PY - 2003 TI - Extremereignisse und Klimaänderung: Bern, OcCC, Organe consultatif sur les changements climatiques, Beratendes Organ für Fragen der Klimaänderung ID - 2258 ER - TY - RPRT AU - OECD CY - Paris, France DO - ISBN 92-64-18614-X – No. 51293 2001 PY - 2001 SP - 409 ST - Environmental indicators for agriculture. Methods and results. TI - Environmental indicators for agriculture. Methods and results. VL - 3 ID - 2259 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Agrawala, Shardul AU - OECD PY - 2007 SE - 4 SN - 9789264031692 92-64-03168-5 ST - Climate Change in the European Alps: Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management TI - Climate Change in the European Alps: Adapting Winter Tourism and Natural Hazards Management ID - 2260 ER - TY - RPRT AU - OECD DO - ISBN 9789264046030 PY - 2008 ST - Economic Aspects of Adaptation to Climate Change: Costs, benefits and policy instruments TI - Economic Aspects of Adaptation to Climate Change: Costs, benefits and policy instruments ID - 2261 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Oedl-Wieser, Theresia CY - Wien PB - Bundesanstalt für Bergbauernfragen PY - 2006 ST - Frauen und Politik am Land, Forschungsbericht Nr. 65 TI - Frauen und Politik am Land, Forschungsbericht Nr. 65 ID - 3644 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 19 AU - Office of the Federal State of Lower, Austria KW - Austria groundwater ST - Wasserstandsnachrichten und Hochwasserprognosen Niederösterreich TI - Wasserstandsnachrichten und Hochwasserprognosen Niederösterreich UR - http://www.noel.gv.at/Externeseiten/wasserstand/htm/wndcms.htm ID - 2262 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ogden, C.K. AU - Richards, I.A. PB - Harcourt Brace Jovanovich PY - 1989 ST - The meaning of meaning: a study of the influence of language upon thought and of the science of symbolism TI - The meaning of meaning: a study of the influence of language upon thought and of the science of symbolism UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=M6UQAQAAIAAJ ID - 3535 ER - TY - DBASE AU - ÖGUT DA - 15.07.2011 PB - http://www.oegut.at/de/portrait/arbeitsgruppen/partizipation.php PY - 2011 TI - Österreichische Gesellschaft für Umwelt und Technik. Arbeitsgruppe/Strategiegruppe Partizipation ID - 2263 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Öhlinger, T CY - Wien PB - WUV PY - 2005 ST - Verfassungsrecht TI - Verfassungsrecht ID - 2264 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ohnesorge, B. LB - ohne58 PY - 1958 SP - 335-347 ST - Das Austreiben der Fichte und ihr Befall durch die Kleine Fichtenblattwespe Pristiphora abietina (Christ T2 - Forstw. Centralblatt TI - Das Austreiben der Fichte und ihr Befall durch die Kleine Fichtenblattwespe Pristiphora abietina (Christ VL - 77 ID - 2265 ER - TY - BOOK AU - OHNESORGE, B. CY - Stuttgart, New York PB - Verlag Thieme PY - 1991 ST - Tiere als Pflanzenschädlinge TI - Tiere als Pflanzenschädlinge VL - 2. Aufl. ID - 2266 ER - TY - BOOK AU - OHNESORGE, B. CY - Stuttgart, New York PB - Verl. Georg Thieme PY - 1991 ST - Tiere als Pflanzenschädlinge. Ökologische Grundlagen des Schädlingsbefalls an Kulturpflanzen TI - Tiere als Pflanzenschädlinge. Ökologische Grundlagen des Schädlingsbefalls an Kulturpflanzen VL - 2.Aufl. ID - 2267 ER - TY - CONF A2 - University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada AU - Oke, T. R. ST - An algorithmic scheme to estimate hourly heat island magnitude T2 - 2nd Urban Environment Symposium TI - An algorithmic scheme to estimate hourly heat island magnitude ID - 2268 ER - TY - GEN AU - ÖKLIM PY - 2001 ST - ÖKLIM - Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs. ZAMG TI - ÖKLIM - Digitaler Klimaatlas Österreichs. ZAMG ID - 2269 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper reviews the knowledge on effects of climate change on agricultural productivity in Europe and the consequences for policy and research. Warming is expected to lead to a northward expansion of suitable cropping areas and a reduction of the growing period of determinate crops (e.g. cereals), but an increase for indeterminate crops (e.g. root crops). Increasing atmospheric CO 2 concentrations will directly enhance plant productivity and also increase resource use efficiencies. In northern areas climate change may produce positive effects on agriculture through introduction of new crop species and varieties, higher crop production and expansion of suitable areas for crop cultivation. Disadvantages may be an increase in the need for plant protection, the risk of nutrient leaching and the turnover of soil organic matter. In southern areas the disadvantages will predominate. The possible increase in water shortage and extreme weather events may cause lower harvestable yields, higher yield variability and a reduction in suitable areas for traditional crops. These effects may reinforce the current trends of intensification of agriculture in northern and western Europe and extensification in the Mediterranean and southeastern parts of Europe. Policy will have to support the adaptation of European agriculture to climate change by encouraging the flexibility of land use, crop production, farming systems etc. In doing so, it is necessary to consider the multifunctional role of agriculture, and to strike a variable balance between economic, environmental and social functions in different European regions. Policy will also need to be concerned with agricultural strategies to mitigate climate change through a reduction in emissions of methane and nitrous oxide, an increase in carbon sequestration in agricultural soils and the growing of energy crops to substitute fossil energy use. The policies to support adaptation and mitigation to climate change will need to be linked closely to the development of agri-environmental schemes in the European Union Common Agricultural Policy. Research will have further to deal with the effect on secondary factors of agricultural production, on the quality of crop and animal production, of changes in frequency of isolated and extreme weather events on agricultural production, and the interaction with the surrounding natural ecosystems. There is also a need to study combined effects of adaptation and mitigation strategies, and include assessments of the consequences on current efforts in agricultural policy to develop a sustainable agriculture that also preserves environmental and social values in the rural society. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Crop Physiology and Soil Science, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark Department of Agronomy and Land Management, University of Florence, P. le delle Cascine 18, 50144 Firenze, Italy Olesen, J.E. Dept. of Crop Physiology Science, Danish Inst. of Agricultural Sci., P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark email: jorgene.olesen@agrsci.dk AU - Olesen, J. E. AU - Bindi, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S1161-0301(02)00004-7 IS - 4 J2 - Eur. J. Agron. 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Res., 54, pp. 199-208 PY - 2002 SN - 11610301 SP - 239-262 ST - Consequences of climate change for European agricultural productivity, land use and policy T2 - European Journal of Agronomy TI - Consequences of climate change for European agricultural productivity, land use and policy UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036272573&partnerID=40&md5=ace651d1df7568a82630ae7f8c604ae8 VL - 16 ID - 3364 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper reviews the knowledge on effects of climate change on agricultural productivity in Europe and the consequences for policy and research. Warming is expected to lead to a northward expansion of suitable cropping areas and a reduction of the growing period of determinate crops (e.g. cereals), but an increase for indeterminate crops (e.g. root crops). Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations will directly enhance plant productivity and also increase resource use efficiencies. In northern areas climate change may produce positive effects on agriculture through introduction of new crop species and varieties, higher crop production and expansion of suitable areas for crop cultivation. Disadvantages may be an increase in the need for plant protection, the risk of nutrient leaching and the turnover of soil organic matter. In southern areas the disadvantages will predominate. The possible increase in water shortage and extreme weather events may cause lower harvestable yields, higher yield variability and a reduction in suitable areas for traditional crops. These effects may reinforce the current trends of intensification of agriculture in northern and western Europe and extensification in the Mediterranean and southeastern parts of Europe. Policy will have to support the adaptation of European agriculture to climate change by encouraging the flexibility of land use, crop production, farming systems etc. In doing so, it is necessary to consider the multifunctional role of agriculture, and to strike a variable balance between economic, environmental and social functions in different European regions. Policy will also need to be concerned with agricultural strategies to mitigate climate change through a reduction in emissions of methane and nitrous oxide, an increase in carbon sequestration in agricultural soils and the growing of energy crops to substitute fossil energy use. The policies to support adaptation and mitigation to climate change will need to be linked closely to the development of agri-environmental schemes in the European Union Common Agricultural Policy. Research will have further to deal with the effect on secondary factors of agricultural production, on the quality of crop and animal production, of changes in frequency of isolated and extreme weather events on agricultural production, and the interaction with the surrounding natural ecosystems. There is also a need to study combined effects of adaptation and mitigation strategies, and include assessments of the consequences on current efforts in agricultural policy to develop a sustainable agriculture that also preserves environmental and social values in the rural society. AN - 409 AU - Olesen, J. E. AU - Bindi, Marco IS - 4 KW - Adaptation Agricultural policy climate change Europe Impact assessment livestock Mitigation PY - 2002 SP - 239 ST - Consequences of climate change for European agricultural productivity, land use and policy T2 - European Journal of Agronomy TI - Consequences of climate change for European agricultural productivity, land use and policy UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T67-455VSD7-1/2/7ed5a1915f853edfb87c864a548131dc VL - 16 ID - 2270 ER - TY - JOUR AB -


The studies on anthropogenic climate change performed in the last decade over Europe show consistent projections of increases in temperature and different patterns of precipitation with widespread increases in northern Europe and decreases over parts of southern and eastern Europe. In many countries and in recent years there is a tendency towards cereal grain yield stagnation and increased yield variability. Some of these trends may have been influenced by the recent climatic changes over Europe.
A set of qualitative and quantitative questionnaires on perceived risks and foreseen impacts of climate and climate change on agriculture in Europe was distributed to agro-climatic and agronomy experts in 26 countries. Europe was divided into 13 Environmental Zones (EZ). In total, we had 50 individual responses for specific EZ. The questionnaires provided both country and EZ specific information on the: (1) main vulnerabilities of crops and cropping systems under present climate; (2) estimates of climate change impacts on the production of nine selected crops; (3) possible adaptation options as well as (4) adaptation observed so far. In addition we focused on the overall awareness and presence of warning and decision support systems with relevance for adaptation to climate change.
The results show that farmers across Europe are currently adapting to climate change, in particular in terms of changing timing of cultivation and selecting other crop species and cultivars. The responses in the questionnaires show a surprisingly high proportion of negative expectations concerning the impacts of climate change on crops and crop production throughout Europe, even in the cool temperate northern European countries.
The expected impacts, both positive and negative, are just as large in northern Europe as in the Mediterranean countries, and this is largely linked with the possibilities for effective adaptation to maintain current yields. The most negative effects were found for the continental climate in the Pannonian zone, which includes Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania. This region will suffer from increased incidents of heat waves and droughts without possibilities for effectively shifting crop cultivation to other parts of the years. A wide range of adaptation options exists in most European regions to mitigate many of the negative impacts of climate change on crop production in Europe. However, considering all effects of climate change and possibilties for adaptation, impacts are still mostly negative in wide regions across Europe.

AN - 453 AU - Olesen, J. E. AU - Trnka, M. AU - Kersebaum, K. C. AU - SkjelvÃ¥g, A. O. AU - Seguin, B. AU - Peltonen-Sainio, P. AU - Rossi, F. AU - Kozyra, J. AU - Micale, F. IS - 2 KW - Adaptation climate change Crop production Grassland Vulnerability N1 - 10.1016/j.eja.2010.11.003 1161-0301 SP - 96 ST - Impacts and adaptation of European crop production systems to climate change T2 - European Journal of Agronomy TI - Impacts and adaptation of European crop production systems to climate change UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6T67-51RN3DK-2/2/9b48a6b773e3d4d40b287d6994711f6e VL - 34 ID - 2271 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Mycorrhizal fungi form extensive mycelia in soil and play significant roles in most soil ecosystems. The estimation of their biomasses is thus of importance in order to understand their possible role in soil nutrient processes. For arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi the signature fatty acid 16:1ω5 provides a new and promising tool for the estimation of AM fungal biomass in soil and roots. For ectomycorrhizal fungi 18:2ω6,9 dominates among the fatty acids and can be used as an indicator of mycelial biomass of these fungi in soil in experimental systems. In biomass estimation primarily the phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) are suitable. Through the use of specific PLFAs it is possible to study interactions between mycorrhizal mycelia and bacteria in soil as well as between AM fungal mycelia and mycelia of saprophytic and parasitic fungi in soil and in roots. AM fungi, in particular, store a large proportion of their energy as lipids and by using the signature fatty acids it is possible to determine the relation between membrane and storage lipids, which could be an indication of energy storage levels. Various aspects of how the fatty acid signatures can be used for studies related to questions of biomass distribution and nutritional status of mycorrhizal fungi are discussed. Copyright (C) 1999 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. AD - Department of Microbial Ecology, Ecol. Bldg., Lund Univ., SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden Olsson, P.A. Department of Microbial Ecology, Ecology Building, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden AU - Olsson, P. A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S0168-6496(99)00021-5 IS - 4 J2 - FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 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Environ. Microbiol., 55, pp. 1368-1374 PY - 1999 SN - 01686496 SP - 303-310 ST - Signature fatty acids provide tools for determination of the distribution and interactions of mycorrhizal fungi in soil T2 - FEMS Microbiology Ecology TI - Signature fatty acids provide tools for determination of the distribution and interactions of mycorrhizal fungi in soil UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032797197&partnerID=40&md5=6311d231a2f9195278d55927ccc69b1d VL - 29 ID - 3449 ER - TY - THES AB - The interactions between external mycorrhizal mycelia and saprophytic microorganisms were studied in experiments with growth chambers specially designed to enable the mycelia to develop in root-free soil compartments. The growth of the mycorrhizal mycelia was estimated by use of biochemical signature compounds. It was shown possible to estimate the biomass of the external mycelium of different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by use of the signature fatty acid 16:1w5 in soil and sand. The amount of this fatty acid was estimated as indicator both of phospholipids (PLFAs) and neutral lipids (NLFAs). The results indicated that PLFAs reflect mycelium on the AM fungi and NLFAs storage structures.No effects of the AM mycelium on the bacterial community were recorded in an agricultural soil, even though the AM mycelium constituted a large part of the biomass. In a study involving calcareous dune sand, the growth on the external AM mycelium decreased the amount of PLFA 18:2w6,9, indicating negative effects on growth of saprophytic fungi. Ectomycorrhizal mycelia of six different species reduced bacterial activity, estimated as thymidine incorporation, in experiments with a sandy soil. In these experiments no negative effect on bacterial biomass was observed. In a study on pines growing for eight months in a peat/sand mixture, both bacterial activity and biomass were lowered due to mycorrhizal inoculation. However, in the soils to which primary minerals as apatite and biotite had been added, the growth of Suillus variegatus increased bacterial activity. This demonstrated that, under certain, circumstances, ectomycorrhizal fungi may contribute to a significant carbon input to the soil which stimulates bacterial growth. AU - Olsson, P.A. CY - Lund KW - bacteriology, Microbiology, Fatty acids, Mycorrhiza, Bacteria, virology, mycology, Mikrobiologi, bakteriologi, virologi, mykologi PB - Ecology Building, Lund University PY - 1998 SN - 91-7105-091-4 SP - 99 ST - The external mycorrhizal mycelium - growth and interactions with saprophytic microorganisms TI - The external mycorrhizal mycelium - growth and interactions with saprophytic microorganisms ID - 3448 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ÖMER, B. CY - Wien KW - Sozialwissenschaft LA - Deutsch NV - Band 6. PB - Österreichisches Institut für Nachhaltige Entwicklung PY - 2000 SE - 132 ST - Ökologische Leitplanken einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung – Umsetzungsorientierte Modellbildung zur Transformation ökologischer Lebensprinzipien in gesellschaftliche Werte T2 - Schriftenreihe des Österreichischen Instituts für Nachhaltige Entwicklung; TI - Ökologische Leitplanken einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung – Umsetzungsorientierte Modellbildung zur Transformation ökologischer Lebensprinzipien in gesellschaftliche Werte ID - 3536 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ONDERSCHEKA, K., G.B. HARTL PY - 1985 SP - 236-247. ST - Steinwild. Capra ibex L. In: Buch der Hege, Band 1, Haarwild; Hrsgb.: Stubbe H. TI - Steinwild. Capra ibex L. In: Buch der Hege, Band 1, Haarwild; Hrsgb.: Stubbe H ID - 2272 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Onderscheka, K. AU - Hartl, G.B. PB - Stubbe H. PY - 1985 SP - 236-247 ST - Steinwild. Capra ibex L. In: Buch der Hege, Band 1, Haarwild; Hrsgb.: Stubbe H. T2 - Buch der Hege TI - Steinwild. Capra ibex L. VL - Band 1, Haarwild ID - 2273 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study investigates potential erosion changes in the Midwestern United States under climate change, including the adaptation of farm management to climate change. Previous studies of erosion under climate change have not taken into account farmer choices of crop rotation or planting date, which would likely change under global warming. In this study, changes in management were assigned based on previous studies of crop yield, optimal planting date, and most profitable rotations under climate change. In several regions of the study area, simulated soil loss and runoff increased over 40% in 2040-59 and 2080-99, relative to 1990-99. Compared to studies that did not take into account changes in management, soil loss changes were more widely variable, dependent on crop rotation, planting date, and geographic area. Decreasing cover from temperature-stressed corn yields and increased monthly precipitation were important determining factors. The impact of this research is to show that future farm management needs to be modeled to predict future erosion; prediction of increased future erosion can help manage valuable cropland, suggest the need for soil conservation strategies, and prevent loss of the food resource that would occur through soil erosion. AU - Oneal, M.R. AU - Nearing, M.A. AU - Vining, R.C. AU - Southworth, J. AU - Pfeifer, R.A. PY - 2005 SP - 165-184 ST - Climate change impacts on soil erosion in the Midwest United States with changes in crop management T2 - Catena TI - Climate change impacts on soil erosion in the Midwest United States with changes in crop management VL - 61 ID - 2274 ER - TY - EDBOOK AU - ÖNORM PB - Österreichisches Normungsinstitut PY - 2011 ST - Integriertes Katastrophenmanagement. Entwurf ÖNORM S 2304:2011 TI - Integriertes Katastrophenmanagement. Entwurf ÖNORM S 2304:2011 ID - 2275 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Opaschowski, H. CY - Opladen J2 - Tourismusforschung PB - Verlag Leske+ Budrich PY - 1989 ST - Tourismusforschung TI - Tourismusforschung ID - 2276 ER - TY - THES AU - Oppermann, F. W. M3 - Dissert. Bot. PY - 1998 SP - 298 ST - Die Bedeutung von linearen Strukturen und Landschaftskorri-doren für Flora und Vegetation der Agrarlandschaft TI - Die Bedeutung von linearen Strukturen und Landschaftskorri-doren für Flora und Vegetation der Agrarlandschaft ID - 2277 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Oppermann, F. W. PY - 1998 SP - 298: 214 S. ST - Die Bedeutung von linearen Strukturen und Landschaftskorri-doren für Flora und Vegetation der Agrarlandschaft. Dissert. Bot. TI - Die Bedeutung von linearen Strukturen und Landschaftskorri-doren für Flora und Vegetation der Agrarlandschaft. Dissert. Bot ID - 2278 ER - TY - GEN AU - ÖPUL ST - 2009 TI - 2009 UR - http://www.landnet.at/article/archive/5197 ID - 2279 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Organisation, World Health PY - 2003 ST - Improving public health preparedness for and response to the threat of epidemics: tularaemia network. Report of a WHO meeting, 14-15 september, Bath, Uni TI - Improving public health preparedness for and response to the threat of epidemics: tularaemia network. Report of a WHO meeting, 14-15 september, Bath, Uni ID - 2280 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Organisation, World Health PY - 2004 ST - Informal discussion on Guidance on tularaemia. Report of a WHO meeting, 1-2 june, Umea, Sweden. TI - Informal discussion on Guidance on tularaemia. Report of a WHO meeting, 1-2 june, Umea, Sweden ID - 2281 ER - TY - BOOK AB - Insbesondere die Hochwasserkatastrophe 2002 hat wieder einmal aufgezeigt, wie weit die Nutzung gefährdeter Gebiete infolge der Ausweitung der Siedlungsräume und dem zunehmenden Flächenverbrauch fortgeschritten ist und wie viel natürliche Retentionsflächen bereits verloren gegangen sind. Aus diesem Anlass hat die Österreichische Raumordnungskonferenz (ÖROK) das Projekt „Raumordnung und Naturgefahren“ ins Leben gerufen, welches nunmehr in der „ÖROK-Empfehlung Nr. 52 zum präventiven Umgang mit Naturgefahren in der Raumordnung“ und dem vorliegenden Materialienband mündete. Da mit dem Schutz von Naturgefahren in Österreich mehrere Fachbereiche befasst sind und auch unterschiedliche Kompetenzen zum Tragen kommen, war die Ausarbeitung gemeinsamer Präventions- und Risikostrategien sowie die Erfassung von Handlungsmöglichkeiten aus Sicht der Fachbereiche Wildbach- und Lawinenverbauung, Schutzwasserwirtschaft und Raumordnung vorrangiges Ziel des Projektes. AU - ÖROK PY - 2005 SE - 154 ST - Präventiver Umgang mit Naturgefahren in der Raumordnung TI - Präventiver Umgang mit Naturgefahren in der Raumordnung ID - 2282 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) induces a clear signature on synoptic‐scale ozone fluctuations over the Euro‐Atlantic sector, as revealed by a band‐pass filtering analysis of the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) satellite observations over a 20‐year period. Low‐ozone episodes, or miniholes, appear more frequent over the Euro‐Atlantic sector in the high NAO phase, when the prevailing, upper tropospheric westerly jet is displaced pole‐ward and acquires a stronger northward tilt relative to climatology. Thus, the tendency of the NAO to remain in its high phase in late eighties and nineties accounts for recent observations of more frequent minihole conditions and episodes of low‐latitude, ozone‐poor intrusions into high‐latitude region of this sector. AU - Orsolini, Yvan J. AU - Limpasuvan, Varavut DO - 10.1029/2000GL012757 IS - 21 KW - 0342 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Middle atmosphere— energy deposition PY - 2001 SN - 0094-8276 SP - 4099-4102 ST - The North Atlantic Oscillation and the occurrences of ozone miniholes T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - The North Atlantic Oscillation and the occurrences of ozone miniholes UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GL012757 VL - 28 ID - 2283 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Osborne, C. P. AU - Chuine, I. AU - Viner, D. AU - Woodward, F. I. IS - 7 LB - osbo2000a PY - 2000 SP - 701--710 ST - Olive phenology as a sensitive indicator of future climatic warming in the Mediterranean T2 - Plant, Cell and Environment TI - Olive phenology as a sensitive indicator of future climatic warming in the Mediterranean VL - 23 ID - 2284 ER - TY - CONF AU - 2020, Oslo Ministerial Decision: European Forests CY - Oslo PY - 2011 ST - Forest Europe T2 - Ministerial Confer-ence on the Protection of Forests in Europe TI - Forest Europe ID - 2285 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Österreich, Statistik CY - Wien LB - stat1948 N1 - ab 1999 ohne Zusatz: im Jahre.; PB - Statistik Österreich and bis 1998 Statistisches Zentralamt. Verlag Österreich (ab 1999); Österr. Staatsdruckerei (bis 1998). PY - 1948 ST - Ergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Statistik im Jahre 1937/44, 1946/49, 1950-1999 TI - Ergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Statistik im Jahre 1937/44, 1946/49, 1950-1999 ID - 2286 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Österreichische, Gesellschaft für Meteorologie LB - oest01 PB - Österreichische Gesellschaft für Meteorologie PY - 2001 ST - Klimaerklärung der Deutschen Meteorologischen Gesellschaft, der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Meteorologie TI - Klimaerklärung der Deutschen Meteorologischen Gesellschaft, der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Meteorologie ID - 2287 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - 27, EU-Strategie und Wirtschaftsentwicklung MA AU - Arsenal, Österreichisches Forschungs- und Prüfzentrum ST - Mehr Energieeffizienz für Glasfassaden in der Architektur TI - Mehr Energieeffizienz für Glasfassaden in der Architektur ID - 2288 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Oswald, H. CY - Graz LB - oswald1989 N1 - Festschrift zu den Feierlichkeiten 100 Jahre Landes- Obst- u. Weinbauverein für Steiermark 1889-1989 PB - Landes-Obst- und WeinbauVerein für Steiermark (ed.) PY - 1989 SP - 60 ST - 100 Jahre Obstbau in der Steiermark. TI - 100 Jahre Obstbau in der Steiermark ID - 2289 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC01933930 AU - Ott, Ernst AU - Frehner, Monika AU - Frey, Hans-Ulrich AU - Lüscher, Peter CY - Bern Stuttgart Wien KW - Gebirgswald - Nadelwald - Waldbau BOK50 Gebirgswald Nadelwald Waldbau N1 - Literaturverz. S. 283 - 286 UBBW Hauptbibl. Lesesaal I-75593 Nicht entlehnb. UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,1 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,10 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,11 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,12 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,13 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,14 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,15 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,2 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,3 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,4 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,5 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,6 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,7 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,8 = Entlehnbar UBBW Lehrbuchsammlung Hauptbibliothek (LBS) 75.54-3/1A,9 = Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WB-5166/a Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WB-5166/b Entlehnbar UBBW Dpt.Wald-,Bodenwiss. Waldoekologie 912-1849 am Inst. fragen UBBW Dpt.Wald-,Bodenwiss. Forstentomologie 916-20.142 am Inst. = fragen PB - Haupt PY - 1997 SN - 3-258-05601-3 SP - 287 ST - Gebirgsnadelwälder. Ein praxisorientierter Leitfaden TI - Gebirgsnadelwälder. Ein praxisorientierter Leitfaden ID - 2290 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ott, J. IS - 2 LB - ott00 PY - 2000 SP - 13-35 ST - Die Ausbreitung mediterraner Libellenarten in Deutschland und Europa - die Folge einer Klimaveränderung? T2 - NNA-Berichte TI - Die Ausbreitung mediterraner Libellenarten in Deutschland und Europa - die Folge einer Klimaveränderung? VL - 13 ID - 2291 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ottersen, G. AU - Planque, B. AU - Belgrano, A. AU - Post, E. AU - Reid, P. C. AU - Nc, Stenseth IS - 1 LB - otte2001a PY - 2001 SP - 1--14 ST - Ecological effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation. T2 - Oecologia TI - Ecological effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation VL - 128 ID - 2292 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) is economically the most important European tree species but is particularly prone to insect infestation calamities. Among the biotic risks threatening Norway spruce in Europe the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) is the most significant pest. On the basis of projected climate-change scenarios higher temperatures and longer growing seasons will probably lead to even more frequent and serious outbreaks of this pest as a result of more generations per year. At the same time periods of drought may become more frequent and be of longer duration resulting in a physiological weakening of Norway spruce. Hence, it is necessary to develop concepts that can be used in long term silvicultural planning to minimize the risk of bark beetle infestations until trees reach maturity. For an adaptation of forest management it is necessary to identify and quantify risks at the level of silvicultural planning units. Therefore, we developed, a mixed binary linear regression model, which describes the effects of different stand and site variables on the infestation risk that bark beetles exert on spruce stands in the Harz Mountains. The relevant data are based on a decade of detailed forest booking records carried out by the Lower Saxony State Forest in the western Harz Mountains and cover 12,085 individual registrations on 4352 stands. In the model, the stand parameters age and proportion of spruce, and site parameters available water capacity, thermal sum and the Topex-to-Distance Index have significant effects on the infestation risk. It is presumed that the impact of various but unknown silvicultural measures and pest control tactics in managed forests can be quantified by random effects on the forest sub-district level. When applying our model it is possible to assign expected risk levels to single spruce stands. Thereby, we can add a biotic risk component to site-oriented silviculture. Thus, a mapped ranking of spruce stands pertaining to bark beetle infestation risk can be provided. In addition, specific silvicultural management strategies such as shortening of rotation periods or an admixture of broadleaved tree species can be derived from the model’s predictions. AU - Overbeck, Marc AU - Schmidt, Matthias DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.11.011 IS - 0 KW - Bark beetle Ips typographus Norway spruce Risk model Harz Mountains Mixed binary linear regression model PY - 2012 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 115-125 ST - Modelling infestation risk of Norway spruce by Ips typographus (L.) in the Lower Saxon Harz Mountains (Germany) T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Modelling infestation risk of Norway spruce by Ips typographus (L.) in the Lower Saxon Harz Mountains (Germany) UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112711006876 VL - 266 ID - 2293 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - ÖWI. PY - 2007/2009 ST - Die Österreichische Waldinventur TI - Die Österreichische Waldinventur UR - http://bfw.ac.at/rz/wi.home (abgerufen am 25.03.2013) ID - 2294 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ozenda, P. CY - Stuttgart - New York PB - Gustav Fischer Verlag PY - 1988 ST - Die Vegetation der Alpen im europäischen Gebirgsraum Aus d. franz. Übers. von Hannes Mayer u. Andreas Zirnig. Gustav Fischer Verlag. Stuttgart - New York. TI - Die Vegetation der Alpen im europäischen Gebirgsraum Aus d. franz. Übers. von Hannes Mayer u. Andreas Zirnig ID - 2295 ER - TY - JOUR AU - OZENDA, P. PY - 1988 ST - Die Vegetation der Alpen im europäischen Gebirgsraum Aus d. franz. Übers. von Hannes Mayer u. Andreas Zirnig. Gustav Fischer Verlag. Stuttgart - New York. TI - Die Vegetation der Alpen im europäischen Gebirgsraum Aus d. franz. Übers. von Hannes Mayer u. Andreas Zirnig. Gustav Fischer Verlag. Stuttgart - New York ID - 2296 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper examines effect modification of heat- and cold-related mortality in seven US cities in 1986–1993. City-specific Poisson regression analyses of daily noninjury mortality were fit with predictors of mean daily apparent temperature (a construct reflecting physiologic effects of temperature and humidity), time, barometric pressure, day of the week, and particulate matter less than 10 µm in aerodynamic diameter. Percentage change in mortality was calculated at 29°C apparent temperature (lag 0) and at –5°C (mean of lags 1, 2, and 3) relative to 15°C. Separate models were fit to death counts stratified by age, race, gender, education, and place of death. Effect estimates were combined across cities, treating city as a random effect. Deaths among Blacks compared with Whites, deaths among the less educated, and deaths outside a hospital were more strongly associated with hot and cold temperatures, but gender made no difference. Stronger cold associations were found for those less than age 65 years, but heat effects did not vary by age. The strongest effect modifier was place of death for heat, with out-of-hospital effects more than five times greater than in-hospital deaths, supporting the biologic plausibility of the associations. Place of death, race, and educational attainment indicate vulnerability to temperature-related mortality, reflecting inequities in health impacts related to climate change. AU - O’Neill, Marie S. AU - Zanobetti, Antonella AU - Schwartz, Joel DA - June 15, 2003 DO - 10.1093/aje/kwg096 IS - 12 PY - 2003 SP - 1074-1082 ST - Modifiers of the Temperature and Mortality Association in Seven US Cities T2 - American Journal of Epidemiology TI - Modifiers of the Temperature and Mortality Association in Seven US Cities UR - http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/157/12/1074.abstract VL - 157 ID - 2297 ER - TY - JOUR AU - P.M., Dubayah T. AU - Rich PY - 1996 SP - S. 129-134 ST - GIS-based solar radiation modeling. – In: Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T. und Parks, B.O. (Hrsg.) GIS and Environmental Modeling. John Wiley & Sons, New York. TI - GIS-based solar radiation modeling. – In: Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T. und Parks, B.O. (Hrsg.) GIS and Environmental Modeling. John Wiley & Sons, New York ID - 2298 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Kirch, W. A2 - Menne, B. A2 - Bertollini, R. AU - Paldy, A. AU - Bobvos, J. AU - Vamos, A. AU - Kovats, R.S. AU - Hajat, S. PB - Springer PY - 2005 SP - 99-108 ST - The effect of temperature and heat waves on daily mortality in Budapest, Hungary, 1970-2000 T2 - Extreme Weather Events and Public Health Responses TI - The effect of temperature and heat waves on daily mortality in Budapest, Hungary, 1970-2000 ID - 2299 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Kirch, W. A2 - Menne, B. A2 - Bertoline, R. AU - Paldy, A. AU - Bobvos, J. AU - Vamos, A. AU - Kovats, R. AU - Hajat, S. CY - Heidelberg PB - Springer PY - 2005 ST - The effect of temperature and heatwaves on daily mortality in Budapest, Hungary 1970-2000 T2 - Extreme Weather Events and Public Health Responses TI - The effect of temperature and heatwaves on daily mortality in Budapest, Hungary 1970-2000 ID - 2300 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pallmann, H. AU - Hafner, P. PY - 1933 SP - 357 - 466 ST - Pflanzensoziologische und bodenkundliche Untersuchungen im Oberengadin T2 - Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. TI - Pflanzensoziologische und bodenkundliche Untersuchungen im Oberengadin VL - 42 ID - 2301 ER - TY - JOUR AU - PALM, C., LINCOLN, C. AU - WYLIE, W. PY - 1938 SP - 111-112 ST - Ecological and life History Studies on the alfalfa snout beetle T2 - Cornell University Agric. Exp. Sta. 51 Annual Report TI - Ecological and life History Studies on the alfalfa snout beetle ID - 2302 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Palmer, W. C. LB - palmer1965 M3 - Research Paper N1 - StClB-Lit PB - US Weather Bureau PY - 1965 RP - StClB-Lit SN - 45 SP - 58 ST - Meteorological Drought TI - Meteorological Drought ID - 2303 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Palmer, W. C. LB - palmer1968 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1968 SP - 156-161 ST - Keeping track of crop moisture conditions, nationwide: The new Crop Moisture Index T2 - Weatherwise TI - Keeping track of crop moisture conditions, nationwide: The new Crop Moisture Index VL - 21 ID - 2304 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Palmer, W.C. LB - palmer1965 M3 - Research Paper N1 - StClB-Lit PB - US Weather Bureau PY - 1965 RP - StClB-Lit SN - 45 SP - 58 ST - Meteorological Drought TI - Meteorological Drought ID - 2305 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Palmer, W.C. CY - Washington, D.C. PY - 1965 SP - 58 ST - Meteorological drought. Office of climatology research paper 45. Weather Bureau TI - Meteorological drought. Office of climatology research paper 45. Weather Bureau ID - 2306 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Palmer, W.C. LB - palmer1968 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1968 SP - 156-161 ST - Keeping track of crop moisture conditions, nationwide: The new Crop Moisture Index T2 - Weatherwise TI - Keeping track of crop moisture conditions, nationwide: The new Crop Moisture Index VL - 21 ID - 2307 ER - TY - GEN AU - Palutikof, J. P. AU - Holt, T. AU - Brabson, B. B. AU - Lister, D. H. LB - palutikof2002 PB - http://www.cru.uea.ac.uk/projects/mice/extremes_description.pdf PY - 2002 ST - Methods to Calculate Extremes in Climate Change Studies TI - Methods to Calculate Extremes in Climate Change Studies ID - 2308 ER - TY - JOUR AB - When vulnerability curves are used to assess the susceptibility of plants to drought, the water potential corresponding to 50% loss of conductivity is frequently used as a measure of susceptibility. However, this value does not distinguish between different patterns of conductivity loss, such as a rapid loss over a narrow water potential range versus a gradual decline in conductivity. We have applied an exponential sigmoidal equation to vulnerability curves obtained from four closely related Eucalyptus clones differing in drought tolerance. The coefficients of the equation were evaluated and statistically compared among the clones. If the air-seeding hypothesis of cavitation is accepted, these coefficients have biological relevance. One of the coefficients describes the position of the curve on the water potential axis and is equivalent to the water potential corresponding to 50% loss of conductivity. This coefficient could reflect the size of the largest pit pore per xylem vessel. Another coefficient is related to the slope of the conductivity loss, and could reflect the range in maximum pit pore size per vessel. AD - Department of Biology, University of Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa Pammenter, N.W. Department of Biology, University of Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa AU - Pammenter, N. W. AU - Willigen, C. V. DB - Scopus IS - 8-9 J2 - Tree Physiol. KW - Embolism Hydraulic conductivity Vulnerability clone drought resistance mathematical analysis statistical analysis xylem Eucalyptus LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 125 CODEN: TRPHE References: Cochard, H., Vulnerability of several conifers to air embolism (1992) Tree Physiol., 11, pp. 73-83; Cochard, H., Ewers, F.W., Tyree, M.T., Water relations of a tropical vinelike bamboo (Rhipidocladum racemiflorum): Root pressures, vulnerability to cavitation, and seasonal changes in embolism (1994) J. Exp. Bot., 45, pp. 1085-1089; Franks, P.J., Gibson, A., Bachelard, E.P., Xylem permeability and embolism susceptibility in seedlings of Eucalyptus camuldulensis Dehnh. from two different climatic zones (1995) Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 22, pp. 15-21; Kolb, K.J., Davis, S.D., Drought tolerance and xylem embolism in co-occurring species of coastal sage and chaparral (1994) Ecology, 75, pp. 648-659; Machado, J.-L., Tyree, M.T., Patterns of hydraulic architecture and water relations of two tropical canopy trees with contrasting leaf phenologies: Ochroma pyramidale and Pseudobombax septenatum (1994) Tree Physiol., 14, pp. 219-240; Mencuccini, M., Comstock, J., Vulnerability to cavitation in populations of two desert species, Hymenoclea salsola and Ambrosia dumosa, from different climatic regions (1997) J. Exp. Bot., 48, pp. 1323-1334; Neufeld, H.S., Grantz, D.A., Meinzer, F.C., Goldstein, G., Crisosto, G.M., Crisosto, C., Genotypic variability in vulnerablity of leaf xylem to cavitation in water-stressed and well-irrigated sugarcane (1992) Plant Physiol., 100, pp. 1020-1028; Rawlings, J.O., Cure, W.W., The Weibull function as a dose-response model to describe ozone effects on crop yields (1985) Crop Sci., 25, pp. 807-814; Sperry, J.S., Sullivan, J.E.M., Xylem embolism in response to freeze-thaw cycles and water stress in ring-porous, diffuse-porous, and conifer species (1992) Plant Physiol., 100, pp. 605-613; Sperry, J.S., Tyree, M.T., Mechanism of water stress-induced xylem embolism (1988) Plant Physiol., 88, pp. 581-587; Sperry, J.S., Donnelly, J.R., Tyree, M.T., A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem (1988) Plant Cell Environ., 11, pp. 35-40; Sperry, J.S., Tyree, M.T., Donnelly, J.R., Vulnerability of xylem to embolism in a mangrove vs an inland species of Rhizophoraceae (1988) Physiol Plant., 74, pp. 276-283; Tyree, M.T., Ewers, F.W., Hydraulic architecture of woody plants (1996) Tropical Forest Plant Ecophysiology, pp. 217-243. , Eds. S.S. Mulkey, R.L. Chazdon and A.P. Smith. Chapman and Hall, New York; Tyree, M.T., Yang, S., Hydraulic conductivity recovery versus water pressure in xylem of Acer saccharum (1992) Plant Physiol., 100, pp. 669-676; Tyree, M.T., Cochard, H., Cruiziat, P., Sinclair, B., Ameglio, T., Drought-induced leaf shedding in walnut: Evidence for vulnerability segmentation (1993) Plant Cell Environ., 16, pp. 879-882; Zimmermann, M.H., (1983) Xylem Structure and the Ascent of Sap, pp. 44-47. , Springer-Verlag, New York; Zimmermann, M.H., Jeje, A.A., Vessel-length distribution in stems of some American woody plants (1981) Can. J. Bot., 59, pp. 1882-1892; Zotz, G., Tyree, M.T., Cochard, H., Hydraulic architecture, water relations and vulnerability to cavitation of Clusia uvitana Pittier: A C3-CAM tropical hemiepiphyte (1994) New Phytol., 127, pp. 287-295 PY - 1998 SN - 0829318X SP - 589-593 ST - A mathematical and statistical analysis of the curves illustrating vulnerability of xylem to cavitation T2 - Tree Physiology TI - A mathematical and statistical analysis of the curves illustrating vulnerability of xylem to cavitation UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031659270&partnerID=40&md5=5cc651545a24c26d1c968c9dcc1037d8 VL - 18 ID - 2309 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The terrestrial carbon sink has been large in recent decades, but its size and location remain uncertain. Using forest inventory data and long-term ecosystem carbon studies, we estimate a total forest sink of 2.4 ± 0.4 petagrams of carbon per year (Pg C year-1) globally for 1990 to 2007. We also estimate a source of 1.3 ± 0.7 Pg C year-1 from tropical land-use change, consisting of a gross tropical deforestation emission of 2.9 ± 0.5 Pg C year-1 partially compensated by a carbon sink in tropical forest regrowth of 1.6 ± 0.5 Pg C year-1. Together, the fluxes comprise a net global forest sink of 1.1 ± 0.8 Pg C year-1, with tropical estimates having the largest uncertainties. Our total forest sink estimate is equivalent in magnitude to the terrestrial sink deduced from fossil fuel emissions and land-use change sources minus ocean and atmospheric sinks. AD - U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA 19073, United States Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth, MA 02543, United States University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada School of Geography, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria Global Carbon Project, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Marine and Atmospheric Research, Canberra, ACT, Australia Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CEA-UVSQ-CNRS, Gif sur Yvette, France Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, United States U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, United States Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States Pan, Y. U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Newtown Square, PA 19073, United States email: ypan@fs.fed.us AU - Pan, Y. AU - Birdsey, R. A. AU - Fang, J. AU - Houghton, R. AU - Kauppi, P. E. AU - Kurz, W. A. AU - Phillips, O. L. AU - Shvidenko, A. AU - Lewis, S. L. AU - Canadell, J. G. AU - Ciais, P. AU - Jackson, R. B. AU - Pacala, S. W. AU - McGuire, A. D. AU - Piao, S. AU - Rautiainen, A. AU - Sitch, S. AU - Hayes, D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1126/science.1201609 IS - 6045 J2 - Science KW - carbon carbon dioxide fossil fuel air-sea interaction carbon emission carbon flux carbon sink decadal variation deforestation forest ecosystem forest inventory land use change long-term change regrowth tropical forest article atmosphere biomass biome ecosystem forest land use priority journal sea tropics Atmosphere Biomass Carbon Carbon Dioxide Carbon Sequestration Climate Change Conservation of Natural Resources Ecosystem Trees Tropical Climate LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):354 CODEN: SCIEA PubMed ID: 21764754 Chemicals/CAS: carbon, 7440-44-0; carbon dioxide, 124-38-9, 58561-67-4; Carbon, 7440-44-0; Carbon Dioxide, 124-38-9 References: Nabuurs, G.J., (2007) Climate Change 2007: Mitigation, pp. 542-584. , B. Metz, O. R. Davidson, P. R. Bosch, R. Dave, L. A. Meyer, Eds. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge; Canadell, J.G., (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 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LB - pant55 PY - 1955 SP - 135-144 ST - Die biologische Überwachung der Gewässer und die Darstellung der Ergebnisse T2 - Besondere Mitteilungen zum Deutschen Gewässerkundlichen Jahrbuch TI - Die biologische Überwachung der Gewässer und die Darstellung der Ergebnisse VL - 12 ID - 2310 ER - TY - RPRT AU - B., PAPOUSEK AU - G., LANG AU - K., SCHREINER CY - Graz PB - Grazer Energieagentur im Auftrag des Österreichischen Städtebundes PY - 2008 ST - Klimaschutz findet Stadt – Erhebung von Klimaschutzaktivitäten der Mitglieder des österreichischen Städtebundes TI - Klimaschutz findet Stadt – Erhebung von Klimaschutzaktivitäten der Mitglieder des österreichischen Städtebundes ID - 2311 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parajka, J. AU - Kohnová, S. AU - Merz, R. AU - Szolgay, J. AU - Hlavčová, K. AU - Blöschl, G. IS - 3 PY - 2009 SP - 456-473 ST - Comparative analysis of the seasonality of hydrological characteristics in Slovakia and Austria T2 - Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. TI - Comparative analysis of the seasonality of hydrological characteristics in Slovakia and Austria VL - 54 ID - 3603 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Pardé, M. CY - Paris PY - 1947 ST - Fleuves et Rivières TI - Fleuves et Rivières VL - 3. Aufl. ID - 2312 ER - TY - GEN AU - Parker, A. Rani. CY - New York: UNIFEM PY - 1993 ST - Another Point of View: A Manual on Gender Analysis Training for Grassroots Workers TI - Another Point of View: A Manual on Gender Analysis Training for Grassroots Workers ID - 3645 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Cereal grain cover crops increase surface cover, anchor corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] residues, increase infiltration, reduce both rill and interrill erosion, scavenge excess nutrients from the soil, and are easily obtained and inexpensive compared to other cover crop options. The use of cereal grain cover crops in fields where manure application occurs should increase nitrogen (N) recovery and cycling for use in subsequent crops. The objectives of this study were to determine if a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop increases N retention after soil application of swine lagoon slurry. Experiments were conducted in a controlled environment chamber using plastic buckets as the experimental units. Three manure-N loading rates (no manure, low, high) were applied to soils with and without a rye cover crop. A partial N balance was determined from measurements of NO3 leaching, N 2O and NH3 emissions, cover crop N uptake, and NO 3 + NH4 remaining in the soil. Cumulative nitrate load in the drainage water was less than 0.31 g m-2 NO3-N for rye treatments regardless of the manure rate, however in the fallow treatments, at the high manure rate NO3 leaching losses were 6.28 and 3.77 g m -2 NO3-N, for experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Rye N uptake ranged from 2.95 g N m-2 to 10.7 g N m-2, and was related to manure rate. Rye had lower cumulative N2O emission than the no rye treatment for the high manure treatment. Ammonia emissions were low for all treatments during both experiments, which was probably related to the rapid manure incorporation after application. Rye can increase N retention, reduce cumulative N2O emissions, and reduce cumulative N load in drainage water when manure is applied to soils. Nitrogen balance calculations in the cover crop treatments accounted for less than the equivalent of 50% of the added manure N. We speculate that the living rye plants may have increased immobilization of N in the organic N pools. © 2006 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. AD - USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Soil Tilth Laboratory, 2150 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, United States Parkin, T.B. USDA-Agricultural Research Service, National Soil Tilth Laboratory, 2150 Pammel Drive, Ames, IA 50011, United States email: parkin@nstl.gov AU - Parkin, T. B. AU - Kaspar, T. C. AU - Singer, J. W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s11104-006-9114-3 IS - 1-2 J2 - Plant Soil KW - Ammonia volatilization Nitrate leaching Nitrous oxide emissions cereal cover crop immobilization infiltration interrill erosion manure nitrogen cycle nitrous oxide soil nutrient soybean Glycine max Secale cereale Sus scrofa Zea mays LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):23 CODEN: PLSOA References: Andrews, W.F., Diderikson, R.O., (1981) Soil Survey of Boone County, Iowa, , USDA-SCS US Gov. Printing Office, Washington, DC; Bakhsh, A., Kanwar, R.S., Karlen, D.L., Effects of liquid swine manure applications on NO3-N leaching losses to subsurface drainage water from loamy soils in Iowa (2005) Ag Ecosyst Environ, 109, pp. 118-128; Bremer, E., Kuikman, P., Influence of competition for nitrogen in soil on net mineralization of nitrogen (1997) Plant Soil, 190, pp. 119-126; Clarholm, M., Interactions of bacteria, protozoa and plants leading to the mineralization of soil nitrogen (1985) Soil Biol Biochem, 17, pp. 181-187; Dinnes, D.L., Karlen, D.L., Jaynes, D.B., Kaspar, T.C., Hatfield, J.L., Colvin, T.S., Cambardella, C.A., Nitrogen management strategies to reduce nitrate leaching in tile-drained Midwestern soils (2002) Agron J, 94, pp. 153-171; Dormaar, J.F., Effect of active roots on the decomposition of soil organic materials (1990) Biol Fertil Soils, 10, pp. 121-126; Griffiths, B., Robinson, D., Root-induced nitrogen mineralization: A nitrogen balance model (1992) Plant Soil, 139, pp. 253-263; Haider, K., Mosier, A., Heinemeyer, O., Phytoron experiments to evaluate the effect of growing plants on denitrification (1985) Soil Sci Soc Am J, 49, pp. 636-641; Haider, K., Mosier, A., Heinemeyer, O., The effect of growing plants on denitrification at high soil nitrate concentrations (1987) Soil Sci Soc Am J, 51, pp. 97-102; Ingham, R.E., Trofymow, J.A., Engham, E.R., Coleman, D.C., Interactions of bacteria, fungi, and their nematode grazers: Effects on nutrient cycling and plant growth (1985) Ecol Monogr, 55, pp. 119-140; Keeney, D.R., Nelson, D.W., Nitrogen-inorganic forms (1982) Agron. Monogr. 9, pp. 643-698. , Page AL et al. (eds) Methods of soil analysis, Part 2, 2nd edn. Am Soc Agron., Madison, WI; Kempers, A.J., Zweers, A., Ammonium determination in soil extracts by the salicylate method (1986) Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal, 17, pp. 715-723; Kissel, D.E., Brewer, H.L., Arkin, G.F., Design and test of a field sampler for ammonia volatilization (1977) Soil Sci Soc Am J, 41, pp. 1133-1138; Logsdon, S.D., Kaspar, T.C., Meek, D.W., Prueger, J.H., Nitrate leaching as influenced by cover crops in large soil monoliths (2002) Agron J, 94, pp. 807-814; Meisinger, J.J., Hargrove, W.L., Mikkelsen, R.L., Williams, J.R., Benson, V.W., Effects of cover crops on ground-water quality (1991) Cover Crops for Clean Water. Proc. of An International Conf., pp. 57-68. , Hargrove WL (ed) April 9-11, 1991. Jackson TN. Soil and Water Conservation Society, Ankeny, IA; Schepers, J.S., Francis, D.D., Thompson, M.T., Simultaneous determination of total C, total N, and 15N on soil and plant material (1989) Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal, 20, pp. 949-959; Sharpley, A., Meisinger, J.J., Breeuwsma, A., Sims, J.T., Daniel, T.C., Schepers, J.S., Impacts of animal manure management on ground and surface water quality (1998) Animal Waste Utilization: Effective Use of Manure As a Soil Resource, pp. 173-242. , Hatfield JL, Stewart BA (eds) Ann Arbor Press, Chelsea, MI; Smith, M.S., Tiedje, J.M., The effect of roots on soil denitrification (1979) Soil Sci Soc Am J, 43, pp. 951-955; Smucker, A.J.M., McBurney, S.L., Srivastava, A.K., Quantitative separation of roots from compacted soil profiles by the hydropneumatic elutriation system (1982) Agron J, 74, pp. 500-503; Sogaard, H.T., Sommer, S.G., Hutchings, N.J., Hijsmans, J.F.M., Bussink, D.W., Nicholson, F., Ammonia volatilization from field-applied animal slurry - The ALFAM model (2002) Atmos Environ, 36, pp. 3309-3319; Sommer, S.G., Hutchings, N.J., Ammonia emission from applied manure and its reduction - Invited paper (2001) Europ J Agron, 15, pp. 1-15; Thompson, R.B., Meisinger, J.J., Management factors affecting ammonia volatilization from land-applied slurry in the Mid-Atlantic USA (2002) J Environ Qual, 31, pp. 1329-1338; Thompson, R.B., Meisinger, J.J., Gaseous nitrogen losses and ammonia volatilization measurement following land application of cattle slurry in the mid-Atlantic region of the USA (2004) Plant Soil, 266, pp. 231-246 PY - 2006 SN - 0032079X SP - 141-152 ST - Cover crop effects on the fate of N following soil application of swine manure T2 - Plant and Soil TI - Cover crop effects on the fate of N following soil application of swine manure UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33751216758&partnerID=40&md5=eedadbb264d2944cfa3a5148181225fe VL - 289 ID - 3367 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The spatial variability exhibited by soil denitrification rates is high. As is typical for natural denitrification rate measurements, the individual rates of most samples of a given data set are low; however, a few samples often exhibit extremely high rates. Such data are characterized by highly skewed sample frequency distributions. This study was initiated to investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for these observations. It was found that 'hot-spots' of high specific denitrification activity were associated with particulate organic C material in the soil. This observation served as the basis of a computer model that evaluates the influence of density and dispersion pattern of these high activity sites on the measured rates of denitrification. AD - Parkin, Timothy B. AU - Parkin, Timothy B. DB - Scopus IS - 5 J2 - Soil Sci Soc Am J KW - CARBON - Estimation SAMPLING - Computer Simulation MICROBIAL PROCESSES NATURAL DENITRIFICATION PROCESS SOIL PROPERTIES SOILS LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):344 CODEN: SSSJD PY - 1987 SN - 03615995 SP - 1194-1199 ST - SOIL MICROSITES AS A SOURCE OF DENITRIFICATION VARIABILITY T2 - Soil Science Society of America Journal TI - SOIL MICROSITES AS A SOURCE OF DENITRIFICATION VARIABILITY UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0023406087&partnerID=40&md5=2f7fc6d20bf92472c4013b67b88c1e78 VL - 51 ID - 3366 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parmesan, C. LB - parm96 PY - 1996 SP - 765-766 ST - Climate and species' range T2 - Nature TI - Climate and species' range VL - 38 ID - 2313 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Root AU - T.L AU - Willig AU - M.R LB - parm00 PY - 2000 SP - 443-450 ST - Impacts of Extreme Weather and Climate on Terrestrial Biota T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Impacts of Extreme Weather and Climate on Terrestrial Biota VL - 81 ID - 2314 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Root AU - T.L. AU - Willig AU - M.R. LB - parm00 PY - 2000 SP - 443-450 ST - Impacts of Extreme Weather and Climate on Terrestrial Biota T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society TI - Impacts of Extreme Weather and Climate on Terrestrial Biota VL - 81 ID - 2315 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Ryrholm AU - N AU - Stefanescu AU - C AU - Hill AU - J.K AU - Thomas AU - C.D AU - Descimon AU - H AU - Huntley AU - B AU - Kaila AU - L AU - Kullberg AU - J AU - Tammaru AU - T AU - Tennent AU - W.J AU - Thomas AU - J.A AU - Warren AU - M LB - parm99 PY - 1999 SP - 579-583 ST - Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with regional warming T2 - Nature TI - Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with regional warming VL - 39 ID - 2316 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Ryrholm AU - N. AU - Stefanescu AU - C. AU - Hill AU - J.K. AU - Thomas AU - C.D. AU - Descimon AU - H. AU - Huntley AU - B. AU - Kaila AU - L. AU - Kullberg AU - J. AU - Tammaru AU - T. AU - Tennent AU - W.J. AU - J.A. AU - Warren AU - M. LB - parm99 PY - 1999 SP - 579-583 ST - Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with regional warming T2 - Nature TI - Poleward shifts in geographical ranges of butterfly species associated with regional warming VL - 39 ID - 2317 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Parmesan, C. AU - Yohe, G. LB - parm03 PY - 2003 SP - 37-42 ST - A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems T2 - Nature TI - A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems VL - 42 ID - 2318 ER - TY - GEN AU - Parry, M. AU - Arnell, N. AU - Berry, P. AU - Dodman, D. AU - Fankhauser, S. AU - Hope, C. AU - Kovats, S. AU - Nicholls, R. AU - Satterthwaite, D. AU - Tiffin, R. AU - Wheeler, T. CY - London PY - 2009 ST - Assessing the Costs of Adaptation to Climate Change T2 - A Review of the UNFCCC and Other Recent Estimates, International Institute for Environment and Development and Grantham Institute for Climate Change TI - Assessing the Costs of Adaptation to Climate Change ID - 2319 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Nitrous oxide emissions are highly episodic and to accurately quantify them annually, continuous measurements are required. A tower-based micrometeorological measuring system was used on a commercial cattle farm near Côteau-du-Lac (QC, Canada) during 2003 and 2004 to quantify N2O emissions associated with the production of edible peas. It was equipped with an ultrasonic anemometer and a fast-response closed-path tunable diode laser. Continuous measurements of N2O fluxes were made during the spring thaw following corn cultivation in summer 2002, then during an edible pea growing season, followed by cattle manure application, cover crop planting and through until after the next spring ploughing. The cumulative N2O emissions of 0.7 kg N2O-N ha-1 during the initial snowmelt period following corn harvest were lower than expected. Sustained and small N2O emissions totalling 1.7 kg N2O-N ha-1 were observed during the growing season of the pea crop. Solid cattle manure applied after the pea harvest generated the largest N2O emissions (1.9 kg N2O-N ha-1 over 10 d) observed during the entire sampling period. N2O emissions associated with the cover crop in the fall were mostly influenced by manure application and totalled 0.8 kg N2O-N ha-1. For the subsequent spring thaw period, N2O emissions were 0.8 kg N2O-N ha-1. This represents approximately 15% of the annual emissions for the edible pea-cover crop system, which totalled 5.6 kg N2O-N ha-1 over the measuring periods. There was little difference in spring thaw N2O emissions between the two growing seasons of corn and edible pea-cover crop. AD - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carting Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A OC6, Canada Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada Pattey, E. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carting Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A OC6, Canada email: patteye@agr.gc.ca AU - Pattey, E. AU - Blackburn, L. G. AU - Strachan, I. B. AU - Desjardins, R. AU - Dow, D. DB - Scopus IS - 2 J2 - Can. J. Soil Sci. 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J, 57, pp. 66-72 PY - 2008 SN - 00084271 SP - 241-249 ST - Spring thaw and growing season N2O emissions from a field planted with edible peas and a cover crop T2 - Canadian Journal of Soil Science TI - Spring thaw and growing season N2O emissions from a field planted with edible peas and a cover crop UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-43949142789&partnerID=40&md5=824c40fa065cc38465f00bef55aaec55 VL - 88 ID - 3368 ER - TY - THES AU - Patula, S. PB - Universität Salzburg PY - 2009 SP - 113 ST - Erweiterte Gefahrenhinweiskarte und Risikohinweiskarte für Steinschlag am Beispiel des Landkreises Miesbach und Erstellung einer Georisiko-Toolbox zur Automatisierung des Workflows T2 - Zentrum für GeoInformatik TI - Erweiterte Gefahrenhinweiskarte und Risikohinweiskarte für Steinschlag am Beispiel des Landkreises Miesbach und Erstellung einer Georisiko-Toolbox zur Automatisierung des Workflows ID - 2320 ER - TY - GEN AU - PATZELT, G. AU - AELLEN, M. PY - 1990 SP - 49-70 ST - Gletscher. - Int. Facht. Schnee, Eis u. Wasser der Alpen in einer wärmeren Atmosphäre T2 - Mitteilungen VAW, ETH Zürich TI - Gletscher. - Int. Facht. Schnee, Eis u. Wasser der Alpen in einer wärmeren Atmosphäre VL - 108 ID - 2321 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Paul, Volker H. PB - Gelsenkirchen-Buer : Mann PY - 1992 SE - 132 SN - 3-7862-0093-9 ST - Krankheiten und Schädlinge des Rapses TI - Krankheiten und Schädlinge des Rapses VL - 2. Aufl. ID - 2322 ER - TY - JOUR AU - PAULI, H-R. PY - 1980 SP - 16: 28-35. ST - Nahrungsökologische Untersuchungen am Birkhuhn in den Schweizer Alpen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg TI - Nahrungsökologische Untersuchungen am Birkhuhn in den Schweizer Alpen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg ID - 2323 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pauli, H. R. PY - 1980 SP - 28-35 ST - Nahrungsökologische Untersuchungen am Birkhuhn in den Schweizer Alpen. Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg T2 - Beihefte zu den Veröffentlichungen für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege in Baden-Württemberg TI - Nahrungsökologische Untersuchungen am Birkhuhn in den Schweizer Alpen VL - 16 ID - 2324 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pauli, H. AU - Gottfried, M. AU - Reiter, K. AU - Klettner, C. AU - Grabherr, G. PY - 2007 SP - 147-156 ST - Signals of range expansions of vascular plants in the high Alps: observations (1994-2004) at the Gloria master site Schrankogel, Tyrol, Austria T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Signals of range expansions of vascular plants in the high Alps: observations (1994-2004) at the Gloria master site Schrankogel, Tyrol, Austria VL - 13 ID - 2325 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pauli, H. AU - Gottfried AU - M AU - Grabherr AU - G IS - 3 LB - paul96 PY - 1996 SP - 382-390 ST - Effect of Climate Change on Mountain Ecosystem -Upward shifting of Alpine Plants T2 - World Resource Review TI - Effect of Climate Change on Mountain Ecosystem -Upward shifting of Alpine Plants VL - 8 ID - 2326 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pauli, H. AU - Gottfried AU - M. AU - Grabherr AU - G. IS - 3 LB - paul96 PY - 1996 SP - 382-390 ST - Effect of Climate Change on Mountain Ecosystem -Upward shifting of Alpine Plants T2 - World Resource Review TI - Effect of Climate Change on Mountain Ecosystem -Upward shifting of Alpine Plants VL - 8 ID - 2327 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pavelka, Marian AU - Acosta, Manuel AU - Marek, Michal V AU - Kutsch, Werner AU - Janous, Dalibor LB - pavelka:07 PY - 2007 SP - 171-179 ST - Dependence of the Q10 values on the depth of the soil temperature measuring point T2 - Plant and Soil TI - Dependence of the Q10 values on the depth of the soil temperature measuring point VL - 292 ID - 2328 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pebesma, E. J. AU - Wesseling, C. G. IS - 1 LB - pebe98ab PY - 1998 SP - 17--31 ST - Gstat: a program for geostatistical modelling, prediction and simulation T2 - Comp. & Geosc. TI - Gstat: a program for geostatistical modelling, prediction and simulation VL - 24 ID - 2329 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pechmann, J. H. K. AU - H.M.Wibur LB - pech94 PY - 1994 SP - 84 ST - Putting declining amphibian populations in perspective: natural fluctuations and human impacts T2 - Herpetologica TI - Putting declining amphibian populations in perspective: natural fluctuations and human impacts VL - 50 ID - 2330 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pechmann, J.H.K AU - H.M.Wibur LB - pech94 PY - 1994 SP - 84 ST - Putting declining amphibian populations in perspective: natural fluctuations and human impacts T2 - Herpetologica TI - Putting declining amphibian populations in perspective: natural fluctuations and human impacts VL - 50 ID - 2331 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pechmann, K. AU - Scott, D. E. AU - Semlisch, R. D. AU - Caldwell, P. J. AU - Vitt, L. J. AU - Gibbons, J. W. LB - pech91 PY - 1991 SP - 895 ST - Declining amphibian populations: The problem of separating human impacts from natural fluctuations T2 - Science TI - Declining amphibian populations: The problem of separating human impacts from natural fluctuations VL - 25 ID - 2332 ER - TY - JOUR AU - P., Peeters AU - E., Szimba AU - M., Duijnisveld PY - 2007 SP - 83-93 ST - Major environmental impacts of European tourism transport T2 - Journal of Transport Geography TI - Major environmental impacts of European tourism transport VL - 15 ID - 2333 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Peixóto, J. P. AU - Oort, A. H. LB - peixoto92 PB - American Institute of Physics PY - 1992 SP - 520 ST - Physics of Climate TI - Physics of Climate ID - 2334 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Ismayr, W. (Hrsg.) AU - Pelinka, A. CY - Wiesbaden PB - VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften PY - 2008 SN - 3-810-03466-5 SP - 431-461 ST - Gesetzgebung im politischen System Österreichs T2 - Gesetzgebung in Westeuropa. EU-Staaten und Europäische Union TI - Gesetzgebung im politischen System Österreichs ID - 2335 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Pelinka, A. & Rosenberger, S. CY - Wien PB - WUV PY - 2003 ST - Österreichische Politik. Grundlagen - Strukturen - Trends TI - Österreichische Politik. Grundlagen - Strukturen - Trends ID - 2336 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this work, we studied the impacts of climate change on timber production and regional risks of wind-induced damage to forests in Finland. The work employed: (i) national level forest inventory data, (ii) current baseline climate (1961-1990) and changing climate scenario (FINADAPT A2, 2001-2099), (iii) a forest ecosystem model (SIMA), (iv) a mechanistic wind damage model (HWIND), and (v) currently applied forest management recommendations as a baseline. The results showed that the timber production will increase significantly towards the end of this century under the changing climate, and in a relative sense the most in Northern Finland. At the same time, the share of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) is expected to decrease, especially in southernmost Finland, mainly favoring the presence of birch (Betula spp.), but also Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), when no species preference is given in management. As a result, the proportion of forest area in the two lowest critical wind speed classes (i.e. winds of 11-14 and 14-17ms-1) will decrease in the autumn (birch without leaves) throughout Finland. However, in summertime (birch is in leaf) the proportion of forest area with such critical wind speeds will even increase in southernmost Finland. Even though, in summertime the risk of damage should be on average relatively low throughout Finland due to a lower occurrence of such wind speeds compared to the windiest time of the year (i.e. from autumn to early spring). The return period of critical wind speeds of 11-17ms-1 is today about every two years in southernmost Finland. In Northern Finland, the critical wind speeds needed for wind damage are, on average, higher due to the larger share of Scots pine and on average lower height to breast height diameter ratios of trees compared to the south. To conclude, the climate change will affect clearly the forest growth and dynamics and, thus increase the need to manage forests more often and/or heavily (e.g. thinning, final felling), which in addition to species preference, will affect the risks of damages. The consideration of the risk of wind damage is crucial especially in Southern Finland when adapting forest management to the changing climate. This is because the unfrozen soil period is expected to increase significantly in Finland, which decreases tree anchorage during the windiest time of year. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. AD - School of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland Finnish Meteorological Institute, P.O. Box 503, FI-00101 Helsinki, Finland Peltola, H. School of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland email: heli.peltola@uef.fi AU - Peltola, H. AU - Ikonen, V. P. AU - Gregow, H. AU - Strandman, H. AU - Kilpeläinen, A. AU - Venäläinen, A. AU - Kellomäki, S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.001 IS - 5 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Boreal forests Climate scenarios Ecosystem model Mechanistic model for wind damage Wind climate Mechanistic models Wind damage Climate models Ecosystems Forestry Speed Timber Wind effects Climate change baseline conditions boreal forest climate change coniferous tree ecosystem modeling forest inventory forest management forestry production seasonality timber wind velocity Betula Climates Finland Forest Management Forests Picea Abies Pinus Sylvestris Velocity Wind Picea abies Pinus sylvestris LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):16 CODEN: FECMD References: Ancelin, P., Courbaud, B., Fourcaud, T., Development of an individual tree-based mechanical model to predict wind damage within forest stands (2004) For. Ecol. Manage., 203, pp. 101-121; Blennow, K., Sallnäs, O., WINDA-a system of models for assessing the probability of wind damage to forest stands within a landscape (2004) Ecol. 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Manage., 258, pp. 1567-1577; Ihalainen, A., Ahola, A., Pyry- ja Janika-myrskyjen aiheuttamat puuston tuhot (2003) Metsätieteen Aikakauskirja, 3, pp. 385-401. , (The inventory of wind damages caused by Pyry- and Janika-storms in Finland. In Finnish); Katz, R.W., Bruch, G.S., Parlange, M.B., Statistics of extremes: modelling ecological disturbances (2005) Ecology, 86, pp. 1124-1134; Kellomäki, S., Väisänen, H., Hänninen, H., Kolström, T., Lauhanen, R., Mattila, U., Pajari, B., Sima: a model for forest succession based on the carbon and nitrogen cycles with application to silvicultural management of the forest ecosystem (1992) Silva Carelica, 22, pp. 1-91; Kellomäki, S., Peltola, H., Nuutinen, T., Korhonen, K.T., Strandman, H., Sensitivity of managed boreal forests in Finland to climate change, with implications for adaptive management (2007) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci., 363, pp. 2341-2351; Kilpeläinen, A., Gregow, H., Strandman, H., Kellomäki, S., Venäläinen, A., Peltola, H., Impacts of climate change on the risk of snow-induced forest damage in Finland (2010) Climatic Change, 99 (1-2), pp. 193-209; Kilpeläinen, A., Kellomäki, S., Strandman, H., Venäläinen, A., Climatic change impacts on forest fire potential in boreal conditions in Finland (2010) Climatic Change, , available online; Kolström, M., Ecological simulation model for studying diversity of stand structure in boreal forests (1998) Ecol. Model., 111, pp. 17-36; Laiho, O., Metsiköiden alttius tuulituhoille Etelä-Suomessa (1987) Folia For., 706, pp. 1-24. , (Susceptibility of forest stands to wind throw in Southern Finland. In Finnish with English summary); Lohmander, P., Helles, F., Windthrow probability as a function of stand characteristics and shelter (1987) Scand. J. For. Res., 2 (2), pp. 227-238; Neustein, S.A., (1965) Windthrow on the Margins of Various Sizes of Felling Area. Report on Forest Research for the Year Ended March 1964, pp. 166-171. , Forestry Commission; Nilsson, C., Stjernquist, I., Bärring, L., Schlyter, P., Jönsson, A.M., Samulesson, H., Recorded storm damage in Swedish forests 1901-2000 (2004) For. Ecol. Manage., 199, pp. 165-173; Pellikka, P., Järvenpää, E., Forest stand characteristics and wind and snow induced forest damage in boreal forest (2003) Proceedings of the International Conference on Wind Effects on Trees, p. 8; Peltola, H., Kellomäki, S., Väisänen, H., Model computations on the impact of climatic change on the windthrow risk of trees (1999) Climate Change, 41, pp. 17-36; Peltola, H., Kellomäki, S., Väisänen, H., Ikonen, V.-P., A mechanistic model for assessing the risk of wind and snow damage to single trees and stands of Scots pine, Norway spruce, and birch (1999) Can. J. For. Res., 29, pp. 647-661; Ruostenoja, K., Jylhä, K., Tuomenvirta, H., (2005), Climate scenarios for FINADPT studies of climate change adaptation. FINADAPT Working Paper 15, Finnish Environmental Institute. Mimeographs, HelsinkiSchelhaas, M.-J., Nabuurs, G.-J., Schuck, A., Natural disturbances in the European forests in the 19th and 20th centuries (2003) Global Change Biol., 9, pp. 1620-1633; Schelhaas, M.-J., Kramer, K., Peltola, H., van der Werf, S.C., Wijdeven, S.M.J., Introducing tree interactions in wind damage simulation (2007) Ecol. Model., 207, pp. 197-209; Scott, R.E., Mitchell, S.J., Empirical modelling of windthrow risk in partially harvested stands using tree, neighbourhood and stand attributes (2005) For. Ecol. Manage., 218, pp. 193-209; Solantie, R., Occurrence of unfrozen ground in Finland (1998) Geophysica, 34 (3), pp. 141-157; Talkkari, A., Kellomäki, S., Peltola, H., Bridging a gap between a gap model and a physiological model in calculation the effect of temperature on forest growth in boreal conditions (1999) For. Ecol. Manage., 119, pp. 137-150; Talkkari, A., Peltola, H., Kellomäki, S., Strandman, H., Integration of component models from the tree, stand and regional levels to assess the risk of wind damage at forest margins (2000) For. Ecol. Manage., 135, pp. 303-313; Tammelin, B., (1991) Finnish Wind Atlas. National NEMO Wind Energy Programme, p. 52. , Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finlan ,87-111; Venäläinen, A., Tuomenvirta, H., Lahtinen, R., Heikinheimo, M., The influence of climate warming on soil frost in case of snow free surfaces in Finland (2001) Climatic Change, 50, pp. 111-128; Venäläinen, A., Tuomenvirta, H., Pirinen, P., Drebs, A., (2005) A Basic Finnish Climate Data Set 1961-1990-Description and Illustrations. Reports 2005:5, , Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; Yrjölä, T., (2002) Forest Management Guidelines and Practices in Finland, Sweden and Norway, , European Forest Institute, Internal Report 11:1-46; Zeng, H., Peltola, H., Talkkari, A., Venäläinen, A., Strandman, H., Kellomäki, S., Wang, K., Influence of clear-cutting on the risk of wind damage at forest edges (2004) For. Ecol. Manage., 203, pp. 77-88; Zeng, H., Peltola, H., Talkkari, A., Venäläinen, A., Strandman, H., Wang, K., Kellomäki, S., Simulations of the influence of clear-cuttings on the risk of wind damage on a regional scale over a 20 year period (2006) Can. J. For. Res., 36, pp. 2247-2258; Zeng, H., Pukkala, T., Peltola, H., The use of heurestic optimization in risk management of wind damage in forest planning (2007) For. Ecol. Manage., 241, pp. 189-199 PY - 2010 SN - 03781127 SP - 833-845 ST - Impacts of climate change on timber production and regional risks of wind-induced damage to forests in Finland T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Impacts of climate change on timber production and regional risks of wind-induced damage to forests in Finland UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77954957151&partnerID=40&md5=3ac35b84f00f56f5a5aab93e9563c478 VL - 260 ID - 3451 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Peltola, H. AU - Kellom AU - auml AU - ki, S. AU - is AU - nen, H. IS - 1 PY - 1999 SP - 17-36 ST - Model Computations of the Impact of Climatic Change on the Windthrow Risk of Trees T2 - Climatic Change TI - Model Computations of the Impact of Climatic Change on the Windthrow Risk of Trees UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/clim/1999/00000041/00000001/00168503 VL - 41 ID - 2337 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The risk of windthrow for Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris L.) was estimated along the downwind margins of clear-cut areas in terms of turning moment arising from the dynamic wind load. In the model computations, a mechanistic model for the mechanism of windthrow (Peltola and Kellomäki, 1993) was linked to the model for steady-state turbulent flow across a forest clearing (Li et al., 1990). The stands along the margins of clear-cut areas varied in stand density and tree height, and clearing size increased from 0.04 ha to 4.0 ha (equilateral square). The total forest area was taken to be 16 ha (flat area) and the clearing was placed at the midpoint of the forested area, surrounded by identical homogenous Scots pine stands. Model computations showed that the windspeeds in the centre of large clearings were somewhat higher than in the centre of smaller clearings. However, the windspeed was more reduced along the downwind margins than in the centre of the clearing. There was also little difference in windspeed at crown height along the margins between clearings of various sizes because of the edge effect of the dense margin. Thus, there were also small differences in turning moment for clear-felled areas of different sizes but with identical stand heights and densities. Along the margins of clear-felled areas, stand density and height were the major controlling factors acting on the turning moment of trees. It decreased as the density increased, but it increased with increasing height. The turning moment also diminished substantially with increasing distance from the edge. This decrease was at its maximum near the dense margin; i.e. within a distance of one tree height from the edge. Trees with height equal to 24 m seemed to be at much greater risk of being uprooted than trees 20 m in height but with the same taper. Trees 16 m in height were the least likely to be uprooted. AU - Peltola, Heli DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(96)03717-6 IS - 3 KW - Wind turbulence Dynamic wind load Turning moment Stand management Model calculation PY - 1996 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 203-215 ST - Model computations on wind flow and turning moment by wind for Scots pines along the margins of clear-cut areas T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Model computations on wind flow and turning moment by wind for Scots pines along the margins of clear-cut areas UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0378112796037176 VL - 83 ID - 2338 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Ritchie, H. AU - Penlap, K. Edouard AU - Matulla, Christoph LB - penlap2002a N1 - not peer-reviewed PB - World Meteorological Organisation PY - 2002 SP - 07 ST - Assessing the performance of statistical downscaling setups in Cameroon T2 - Research Activities in Atmospheric and Oceanic Modelling TI - Assessing the performance of statistical downscaling setups in Cameroon VL - WMO/TD-No. 1105, Nr. 32 ID - 2339 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Penlap, K. Edouard AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - von Stroch, Hans AU - Kamga, Mkankam F. LB - penlap2003b N1 - submitted PY - 2003 ST - Downscaling of GCM scenarios to assess possible changes of precipitation in Cameroon T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Downscaling of GCM scenarios to assess possible changes of precipitation in Cameroon ID - 2340 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Penlap, K. Edouard AU - Matulla, Christoph AU - von Stroch, Hans AU - Kamga, Mkankam F. CY - Max-Planck-Strasse D-21502 Geesthacht DA - March LB - penlap2003a N1 - not peer-reviewed PB - GKSS research center PY - 2003 RP - not peer-reviewed SN - 13 SP - 24 ST - Empirical Downscaling in the Tropics -- possible changes of the little rainy season (March--June) in Cameroon TI - Empirical Downscaling in the Tropics -- possible changes of the little rainy season (March--June) in Cameroon ID - 2341 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pepin, S. AU - Körner AU - C LB - pepi02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-9 ST - Web-FACE: a new canopy free-air CO2 enrichment system for tall trees in mature forests T2 - Oecologia TI - Web-FACE: a new canopy free-air CO2 enrichment system for tall trees in mature forests VL - 13 ID - 2342 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pepin, S. AU - Körner AU - C. LB - pepi02 PY - 2002 SP - 1-9 ST - Web-FACE: a new canopy free-air CO2 enrichment system for tall trees in mature forests T2 - Oecologia TI - Web-FACE: a new canopy free-air CO2 enrichment system for tall trees in mature forests VL - 13 ID - 2343 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Irreversibility and uncertainty render the standard capital budgeting techniques such as net present value (NPV) analysis insufficient as a decision criterion. The standard NPV underestimates the value of the investment by not including the value of waiting for new information to reduce the uncertainty of the cashflows generated by the investment. An alternative to NPV analysis is real options. In this study, we apply real options analysis to an investment decision for a grain producer in Western Australia. The investment choice is to either purchase machinery suitable for undertaking controlled traffic precision agriculture or acquire a conventional system and reduce sowing time. The results of the analysis suggest that the required rates of return for the two investment alternatives need to be approximately 96–156% higher than the rates of return used in the standard NPV analysis. These higher rates of return are required to compensate for the uncertainty inherent in the cropping systems of the farm. Also, in most cases, even though the variable costs of operating the precision agriculture system were higher, due to smaller operating widths, the additional returns generated by managing zones individually outweighed these additional costs. Further analysis also shows that the relative size of management zones has a marked effect on the returns generated and that it is possible to increase returns by taking out marginally productive zones. AU - Peter R, Tozer IS - 1-3 KW - Investment analysis Real options Uncertainty Economics Precision agriculture N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2009.02.001 PY - 2009 SN - 0308-521X SP - 80-87 ST - Uncertainty and investment in precision agriculture – Is it worth the money? T2 - Agricultural Systems TI - Uncertainty and investment in precision agriculture – Is it worth the money? UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X09000286 VL - 100 ID - 2344 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Peters, A. J. AU - Walter-Shea, E. A. AU - Ji, L. AU - Vina, A. AU - Hayes, M. AU - Svoboda, M. D. LB - peters2002 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2002 SP - 71-75 ST - Drought monitoring with NDVI-based standardized vegetation index T2 - Photogramm. Eng. Rem. S. TI - Drought monitoring with NDVI-based standardized vegetation index VL - 68 ID - 2345 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Peters, D. AU - Egger, J. AU - Entzian, G. IS - 3 KW - Physics and Astronomy N1 - 0177-7971 PY - 1995 SP - 205 ST - Dynamical aspects of ozone mini-hole formation T2 - Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics TI - Dynamical aspects of ozone mini-hole formation UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01029827 VL - 55 ID - 2346 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Peters, D. AU - Waugh, D.W. IS - 21 KW - contour advection PY - 1996 SP - 3013-3031 ST - Influence of barotropic shear on the poleward advection of upper tropospheric air T2 - J. Atmos. Sci. TI - Influence of barotropic shear on the poleward advection of upper tropospheric air VL - 53 ID - 2347 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Peterseil, J., Wrbka, T., Plutzar, C., Schmitzberger, I., Kiss, A., Szerencsits, E., Reiter, K., Schneider, W., Suppan, F. und Beissmann, H. PY - 2004 ST - Evaluating the ecological sustain-ability of Austrian cultural landscapes – The SINUS approach. Land Use Policy, 21, 307-320 TI - Evaluating the ecological sustain-ability of Austrian cultural landscapes – The SINUS approach. Land Use Policy, 21, 307-320 ID - 2348 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Peterseil, J. AU - Wrbka, T. AU - Plutzar, C. AU - Schmitzberger, I. AU - Kiss, A. AU - Szerencsits, E. AU - Reiter, K. AU - Schneider, W. AU - Suppan, F. AU - Beissmann, H. PY - 2004 SP - 307-320 ST - Evaluating the ecological sustain-ability of Austrian cultural landscapes – The SINUS approach. Land Use Policy, 21, 307-320 T2 - Land Use Policy TI - Evaluating the ecological sustainability of Austrian cultural landscapes –- The SINUS approach VL - 21 ID - 2349 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Petersen, J. M. AU - Schriefer, M. E. PY - 2005 SP - 455-467 ST - Tularemia: emergence/re-emergence. Vet. Res. 36, 455-467. T2 - Vet. Res. TI - Tularemia: emergence/re-emergence VL - 36 ID - 2350 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Petersen, J.M., Schriefer, M.E. PY - 2005 ST - Tularemia: emergence/re-emergence. Vet. Res. 36, 455-467. TI - Tularemia: emergence/re-emergence. Vet. Res. 36, 455-467 ID - 2351 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Conservation tillage practices are widely used to protect against soil erosion and soil C losses, whereas winter cover crops are used mainly to protect against N losses during autumn and winter. For the greenhouse gas balance of a cropping system the effect of reduced tillage and cover crops on N 2O emissions may be more important than the effect on soil C. This study monitored emissions of N 2O between September 2008 and May 2009 in three tillage treatments, i.e., conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT) and direct drilling (DD), all with (+CC) or without (-CC) fodder radish as a winter cover crop. Cover crop growth, soil mineral N dynamics, and other soil characteristics were recorded. Furthermore, soil concentrations of N 2O were determined eight times during the monitoring period using permanently installed needles. There was little evidence for effects of the cover crop on soil mineral N. Following spring tillage and slurry application soil mineral N was dominated by the input from slurry. Nitrous oxide emissions during autumn, winter and early spring remained low, although higher emissions from +CC treatments were indicated after freezing events. Following spring tillage and slurry application by direct injection N 2O emissions were stimulated in all tillage treatments, reaching 250-400 μg N m -2 h -1 except in the CT + CC treatment, where emissions peaked at 900 μg N m -2 h -1. Accumulated emissions ranged from 1.6 to 3.9 kg N 2O ha -1. A strong positive interaction between cover crop and tillage was observed. Soil concentration profiles of N 2O showed a significant accumulation of N 2O in CT relative to RT and DD treatments after spring tillage and slurry application, and a positive interaction between slurry and cover crop residues. A comparison in early May of N 2O emissions with flux estimates based on soil concentration profiles indicated that much of the N 2O emitted was produced near the soil surface. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. AD - Department of Agroecology and Environment, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, 8830 Tjele, Denmark Petersen, S.O. Department of Agroecology and Environment, Aarhus University, P.O. Box 50, 8830 Tjele, Denmark email: soren.o.petersen@agrsci.dk AU - Petersen, S. O. AU - Mutegi, J. K. AU - Hansen, E. M. AU - Munkholm, L. J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.03.028 IS - 7 J2 - Soil Biol. Biochem. 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AU - Atchley, Jerald A. AU - Childs, Phillip W. AU - Desjarlais, André O. PB - Buildings Technology Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory ST - Effect of Solar Radiation Control on Energy Costs – A Radiation Control Fact Sheet for Low-Slope Roofs (with post-publication corrections to Table 4 and Figure 4) TI - Effect of Solar Radiation Control on Energy Costs – A Radiation Control Fact Sheet for Low-Slope Roofs (with post-publication corrections to Table 4 and Figure 4) ID - 2352 ER - TY - JOUR AU - PEZZI, G. und C. FERRARI PY - 2004 ST - Spatial pattern of the upper timberline and heath deficiency of Fagus sylvatica L. in the Northern Apennines. 14th Meeting of the Italian Society of Ecology. 4.-6. Oktober 2004, Siena. TI - Spatial pattern of the upper timberline and heath deficiency of Fagus sylvatica L. in the Northern Apennines. 14th Meeting of the Italian Society of Ecology. 4.-6. Oktober 2004, Siena ID - 2353 ER - TY - CONF AU - Pezzi, G. AU - Ferrari, C. CY - Siena DA - 4.-6. Oktober 2004 PY - 2004 ST - Spatial pattern of the upper timberline and heath deficiency of Fagus sylvatica L. in the Northern Apennines. 14th Meeting of the Italian Society of Ecology. 4.-6. Oktober 2004, Siena. T2 - 14th Meeting of the Italian Society of Ecology TI - Spatial pattern of the upper timberline and heath deficiency of Fagus sylvatica L. in the Northern Apennines. ID - 2354 ER - TY - BOOK AB - At the new institute building of Fraunhofer ISE, both mechanical and free night ventilation is used for passive cooling of the offices. The results from a long-term monitoring show, that room temperatures are comfortable even at high ambient air temperatures. In two offices, experiments were carried out in order to determine the efficiency of night ventilation dependent on air change rate, solar and internal heat gains. The aim is to identify characteristic building parameters and to determine the night ventilation effect with these parameters. The experiments (one room with and one without night ventilation) are evaluated by using both a parametric model and the ESP-r building simulation programme. Both models are merged in order to develop a method for data evaluation in office buildings with night ventilation and to provide a simple model for integration in a building management system. AU - PFAFFEROTT AU - #160 AU - Jens AU - HERKEL AU - Sebastian AU - #196 AU - SCHKE AU - Martina CY - Oxford, ROYAUME-UNI J2 - Anglais KW - Night ventilation Design Parametric model Building simulation Performance criteria Thermal energy storage Accumulation chaleur Temperature distribution Champ tempé rature Heat gain Gain chaleur Air change rate Taux ventilation Performance requirement Critè re performance Parametric method Mé thode paramé trique Numerical simulation Simulation numé rique Night Nuit System design Conception systè me Natural cooling Refroidissement naturel Buildings Bâ timent Ventilation LA - 0378-7788 M1 - 11 PB - Elsevier PY - 2003 SP - 15 ST - Design of passive cooling by night ventilation: evaluation of a parametric model and building simulation with measurements TI - Design of passive cooling by night ventilation: evaluation of a parametric model and building simulation with measurements VL - 35 ID - 2355 ER - TY - THES AU - Pfahler-Jung, K. PB - Univ. Gießen PY - 1989 ST - Die globale Verbreitung der Tularämie. Diss., Fachber. Vet. Med., Univ. Gießen. T2 - Fachber. Vet. Med. TI - Die globale Verbreitung der Tularämie ID - 2356 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pfahler-Jung, K. PY - 1989 ST - Die globale Verbreitung der Tularämie. Diss., Fachber. Vet. Med., Univ. Gießen. TI - Die globale Verbreitung der Tularämie. Diss., Fachber. Vet. Med., Univ. Gießen ID - 2357 ER - TY - JOUR AU - PFIFFNER, L. AU - LUKA, H. AU - SCHLATTER, C. IS - 134 PY - 2005 SP - 51-53 ST - Funktionelle Biodiversität, Schädlingsregulation gezielt T2 - Ökologie und Landbau TI - Funktionelle Biodiversität, Schädlingsregulation gezielt VL - 2/2005 ID - 2358 ER - TY - CONF AU - Pfister, C. AU - Rutishauser, M. CY - Bern DA - 4. April LB - pfister2000 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2000 ST - Dürresommer im Schweizer Mittelland seit 1525 T2 - Unterlagen zum OcCC/ProClim- Workshop TI - Dürresommer im Schweizer Mittelland seit 1525 ID - 2359 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Repeated measurements on the same experimental unit are common in plant research. Due to lack of randomization and the serial ordering of observations on the same unit, such data give rise to correlations, which need to be accounted for in statistical analysis. Mixed modelling provides a flexible framework for this task. The present paper proposes a general method to formulate mixed models for designed experiments with repeated measurements. The approach is exemplified by way of several examples. AD - Inst. F. Pflanzenbau und Grunland, Universität Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany Inst. F. Pflanzenbauwissenschaften, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany Inst. F. Pflanzenbau und Grunland, Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Piepho, H.P. Inst. F. 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Informatore Agrario 60(12), 85-87. TI - Le problematique della difesa dai tripidi del pesco. Informatore Agrario 60(12), 85-87 ID - 2387 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pollini, A. AU - Ceroni AU - R., M. PY - 2004 SP - 85-87 ST - Le problematique della difesa dai tripidi del pesco. Informatore Agrario 60(12), 85-87. T2 - Informatore Agrario TI - Le problematique della difesa dai tripidi del pesco VL - 60(12) ID - 2388 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The present literature survey deals with the influence of soil acidification and environmental pollution on root systems and tree stability. The stability of trees under windy conditions is determined by their root anchorage. These relationships are explained using Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) and European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) as exemplary species due to their broad distribution and frequent uprooting in Central Europe. Although tree root architecture is genetically determined, it can be modified by soil properties and other natural environmental conditions. The wind stability of a tree decreases with increasing height and/or age. In addition, stand structure, especially the social position of an individual tree, is important. Diseases caused by soil compaction, harvesting or other human-induced injuries are far more important causes of damage to the stability of roots and root systems than damage caused by soil acidification or environmental pollution. Due to a lack of data for comparison, a general assumption in regards to the current reduction of root plates and the greater wind-throw risk as compared to earlier times is not possible. This is explained by the fact that current environmental conditions of course had no effect on the early formation of the skeleton root system responsible for wind stability. 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Stuttgart, Eugen Ulmer, 525 S; Wiemken, V., Ineichen, K., Wiemken, A., Auswirkungen: von Umweltveränderungen auf die Wurzeln, die Rhizosphäre und den Boden (1997) Schlussbericht NFP, 31. , Vdf Hochschulverlag AG., ETH Zürich 84 S; Woodward, S., Stenlid, J., Karjalainen, R., Hüttermann, A., Heterobasidion annosum (1998) Biology, Ecology, Impact and Control, , CAB International, Oxon UK. 589 S; Zogg, G.P., Zak, D.R., Burton, A.J., Pregitzer, K.S., Fine root respiration in northern hardwood forests in relation to temperature and nitrogen availability (1996) Tree Physiology, 16, pp. 719-725; Zoth, R., Block, J., Untersuchungen an Wurzelballen sturmgeworfener Bäume in Rheinland-Pfalz (1992) Forst Und Holz, 47, pp. 566-571 PY - 2001 SN - 00158003 SP - 303-317 ST - Root habitus and wind stability of trees T2 - Wurzelhabitus und Standfestigkeit der Waldbäume TI - Root habitus and wind stability of trees UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034783520&partnerID=40&md5=22f58c04265ddb004557bd2548b44ace VL - 120 ID - 3452 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pope, V. D., Gallani M. L., Rowntree P. R. und Stratton R. A. PY - 2000 SP - 16: 123-146 ST - The impact of new physical parametrizations in the Hadley Centre climate model -- HadAM3. Climate Dy-namics. TI - The impact of new physical parametrizations in the Hadley Centre climate model -- HadAM3. Climate Dy-namics ID - 2389 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pope, V. D. AU - Gallani, M. L. AU - Rowntree, P. R. AU - Stratton AU - A., R. PY - 2000 SP - 123-146 ST - The impact of new physical parametrizations in the Hadley Centre climate model -- HadAM3. Climate Dy-namics. T2 - Climate Dynamics TI - The impact of new physical parametrizations in the Hadley Centre climate model -- HadAM3 VL - 16 ID - 2390 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Popper, K. CY - Tübingen PB - J.C.B. Mohr PY - 1987 ST - Das Elend des Historizismus TI - Das Elend des Historizismus ID - 2391 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Landesregierung, Amt der Kärntner AU - Posch-Trözmüller, G. PY - 2010 SP - 278 ST - Hazard Mapping – Geological hazards. Literature survey regarding methods of hazard mapping and evaluation of danger by landslides and rock fall T2 - GBA, AdaptAlp WP 5.1, Final report TI - Hazard Mapping – Geological hazards. Literature survey regarding methods of hazard mapping and evaluation of danger by landslides and rock fall UR - http://www.ktn.gv.at/197395_DE-.pdf ID - 2392 ER - TY - CONF AU - Pospichal, B. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Haas, P. AU - Nadeem, I. CY - Sept. 13-17, 2010 in Zürich, Switzerland PY - 2010 ST - Bias correction and localization of regional climate scenarios over mountainous area on a 1x1 km grid T2 - 10th European Conference on Applications of Meteorology (ECAM) TI - Bias correction and localization of regional climate scenarios over mountainous area on a 1x1 km grid UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EMS2010/EMS2010-792.pdf ID - 3604 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Post, E. AU - Stenseth, N. C. LB - post99 PY - 1999 SP - 1322-1399 ST - Climatic variability, plant phenology and northern ungulates T2 - Ecology TI - Climatic variability, plant phenology and northern ungulates VL - 80 ID - 2393 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Post, E. AU - Stenseth, N. C. IS - 4 LB - post1999a PY - 1999 SP - 1322--1399 ST - Climatic variability, plant phenology, and northern ungulates. T2 - Ecology TI - Climatic variability, plant phenology, and northern ungulates VL - 80 ID - 2394 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - BMLFUW AU - Pötsch, E. CY - Wien PY - 2010 ST - Grünland und Almwirtschaft T2 - Grüner Bericht 2010, Lage der österreichischen Land- und Forstwirtschaft 2009 TI - Grünland und Almwirtschaft ID - 2395 ER - TY - CONF AU - Pötsch, E. CY - Raumberg-Gumpenstein PY - 2010 ST - Multifunktionalität und Bewirtschaftungsvielfalt im österreichischen Grünland T2 - 16. Alpenländisches Expertenforum LFZ Raumberg-Gumpenstein TI - Multifunktionalität und Bewirtschaftungsvielfalt im österreichischen Grünland ID - 2396 ER - TY - CONF AU - PÖTSCH, E. M. PY - 2001 ST - Der Ampfer - das Problemunkraut im Grünland T2 - Wintertagung „EU-Erweiterung: Probleme, Herausforderungen und Chancen“ TI - Der Ampfer - das Problemunkraut im Grünland ID - 2397 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pötsch, E.M. AU - Strasser, H. AU - Berger, H. K. PY - 1997 SP - 107-115 ST - Was sie über tierische Schädlinge am Grünland wissen sollten. T2 - Der vorsrittliche Landwirt " Tierische schädlinge am Grünland" TI - Was sie über tierische Schädlinge am Grünland wissen sollten. VL - 6 ID - 2398 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pötsch, E. AU - Baumgarten, A. PY - 2010 SP - 30-31 ST - Phosphorproblematik im Grünland T2 - Der fortschrittliche Landwirt TI - Phosphorproblematik im Grünland VL - 18 ID - 2399 ER - TY - CONF AU - Pötsch, E. AU - Graschi, A. AU - Graiss, W. AU - Krautzer, B. CY - LFZ Raumberg-Gumpenstein, Irdning PY - 2008 ST - Alternative Grünlanderneuerung mittels Selbstversamung T2 - 14. Alpenländisches Expertenforum TI - Alternative Grünlanderneuerung mittels Selbstversamung ID - 2400 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pöttschacher, W. AU - Häberli, C. AU - Steinacker, R. LB - poettschacher1997 PY - 1997 SP - 88-89 ST - The error detection and correction module of CALRAS and VERA T2 - MAP Newsletter TI - The error detection and correction module of CALRAS and VERA VL - 7 ID - 2401 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pöttschacher, W. AU - Steinacker, R. AU - Dorninger, M. LB - poettschacher1996 PY - 1996 SP - 64-65 ST - VERA - A high resolution analysis scheme for the atmosphere over complex terrain T2 - MAP Newsletter TI - VERA - A high resolution analysis scheme for the atmosphere over complex terrain VL - 5 ID - 2402 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In an analysis of the French episode of heat wave in 2003, this article highlights how heat wave dangers result from the intricate association of natural and social factors. Unusually high temperatures, as well as socioeconomic vulnerability, along with social attenuation of hazards, in a general context where the anthropogenic contribution to climate change is becoming more plausible, led to an excess of 14,947 deaths in France, between August 4 and 18, 2003. The greatest increase in mortality was due to causes directly attributable to heat: dehydration, hyperthermia, heat stroke. In addition to age and gender, combinatorial factors included preexisting disease, medication, urban residence, isolation, poverty, and, probably, air pollution. Although diversely impacted or reported, many parts of Europe suffered human and other losses, such as farming and forestry through drought and fires. Summer 2003 was the hottest in Europe since 1500, very likely due in part to anthropogenic climate change. The French experience confirms research establishing that heat waves are a major mortal risk, number one among so-called natural hazards in postindustrial societies. Yet France had no policy in place, as if dangerous climate were restricted to a distant or uncertain future of climate change, or to preindustrial countries. We analyze the heat wave's profile as a strongly attenuated risk in the French context, as well as the causes and the effects of its sudden shift into amplification. Research and preparedness needs are highlighted. AU - Poumadère, Marc AU - Mays, Claire AU - Le Mer, Sophie AU - Blong, Russell DO - 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00694.x IS - 6 KW - Climate change France hazards heat wave social amplification of risk PY - 2005 SN - 1539-6924 SP - 1483-1494 ST - The 2003 Heat Wave in France: Dangerous Climate Change Here and Now T2 - Risk Analysis TI - The 2003 Heat Wave in France: Dangerous Climate Change Here and Now UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00694.x VL - 25 ID - 2403 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pounds, J. A. Fogden M. P. AU - J.H, Campbell LB - poun99 PY - 1999 SP - 611-615 ST - Biological responses to climate change on a tropical mountain T2 - Nature TI - Biological responses to climate change on a tropical mountain VL - 39 ID - 2404 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Powlson, David LB - powlson:05 PY - 2005 SP - 204-205 ST - Will soil amplify climate change? T2 - Nature TI - Will soil amplify climate change? VL - 433 ID - 2405 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Some of the largest mass movements in the Alps cluster spatially in the Tyrol (Austria). Fault-related valley deepening and coalescence of brittle discontinuities structurally controlled the progressive failure and the kinematics of several slopes. To evaluate the spatial and temporal landslide distribution, a first comprehensive compilation of dated mass movements in the Eastern Alps has been made. At present, more than 480 different landslides in the Tyrol and its surrounding areas, including some 120 fossil events, are recorded in a GIS-linked geodatabase. These compiled data show a rather continuous temporal distribution of landslide activities, with (i) some peaks of activity in the early Holocene at about 10 500–9400 cal BP and (ii) in the Tyrol a significant increase of deep-seated rockslides in the Subboreal at about 4200–3000 cal BP. The majority of Holocene mass movements were not directly triggered by deglaciation processes, but clearly took a preparation of some 1000 years, after ice withdrawal, until slopes collapsed. In view of this, several processes that may promote rock strength degradation are discussed. After the Late-Glacial, slope stabilities were affected by stress redistribution and by subcritical crack growth. Fracture propagating processes may have been favoured by glacial loading and unloading, by earthquakes and by pore pressure fluctuations. Repeated dynamic loading, even if at subcritical energy levels, initiates brittle fracture propagation and thus substantially promotes slope instabilities. Compiled age dating shows that several landslides in the Tyrol coincide temporally with the progradation of some larger debris flows in the nearby main valleys and, partially, with glacier advances in the Austrian Central Alps, indicating climatic phases of increased water supply. This gives evidence of elevated pore pressures within the intensely fractured rock masses. As a result, deep-seated gravitational slope deformations are induced by complex and polyphase interactions of lithological and structural parameters, morphological changes, subcritical fracture propagation, variable seismic activity and climatically controlled groundwater flows. AU - Prager, C. AU - Zangerl, C. AU - Patzelt, G. AU - Brandner, R. DO - 10.5194/nhess-8-377-2008 IS - 2 PY - 2008 SP - 377-407 ST - Age distribution of fossil landslides in the Tyrol (Austria) and its surrounding areas T2 - Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences TI - Age distribution of fossil landslides in the Tyrol (Austria) and its surrounding areas UR - http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/8/377/2008/ VL - 8 ID - 2406 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pröbstl, U. J2 - Auswirkungen des Waldsterbens auf Erholung und Fremdenverkehr in waldreichen Mittelgebirgslandschaften Bayerns PY - 1989 SP - 56-65 ST - Auswirkungen des Waldsterbens auf Erholung und Fremdenverkehr in waldreichen Mittelgebirgslandschaften Bayerns T2 - Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt TI - Auswirkungen des Waldsterbens auf Erholung und Fremdenverkehr in waldreichen Mittelgebirgslandschaften Bayerns VL - 108 ID - 2407 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Mobley, C. D. AU - Preisendorfer, R. W. CY - Seattle LB - preisendorfer1988 PB - Elsevier PY - 1988 SP - 425pp. ST - Principal Component Analysis in Meteorology and Oceanography TI - Principal Component Analysis in Meteorology and Oceanography ID - 2408 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Preston CD, Pearman DA AU - TD, Dines PY - 2003 SP - 910 pp. ST - New Atlas of the Britsh and Irish Flora. Ox-ford University Press, Oxford. TI - New Atlas of the Britsh and Irish Flora. Ox-ford University Press, Oxford ID - 2409 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Preston, CD AU - Pearman, D. A. AU - Dines, T. D. CY - Oxford PB - Oxford University Press PY - 2003 SP - 910 ST - New Atlas of the Britsh and Irish Flora. Ox-ford University Press, Oxford. TI - New Atlas of the Britsh and Irish Flora ID - 2410 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Prettenthaler, F. and A. Dalla-Via PY - 2007 ST - Wasser und Wirtschaft im Klimawandel: konkrete Ergeb-nisse am Beispiel der sensiblen Region Oststeiermark T2 - Studien zum Klimawandel in Österreich. TI - Wasser und Wirtschaft im Klimawandel: konkrete Ergeb-nisse am Beispiel der sensiblen Region Oststeiermark ID - 2411 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Prettenthaler, F., A. Gobiet, C. Habsburg-Lothringen, R. Steinacker, C. Töglhofer and A. Türk PY - 2006 ST - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf den Heiz- und Kühlbedarf in Österreich TI - Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf den Heiz- und Kühlbedarf in Österreich ID - 2412 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Prettenthaler, F., S. Strametz, C. Töglhofer and A. Türk CY - Graz PB - Wegener Center, University of Graz PY - 2006 SN - Scientific Report No. 8-2006, ISBN 3-9502126-5-5. ST - Anpassungsstrategien gegen Trockenheit: Bewertung ökonomisch-finanzieller versus technischer Ansätze des Risikomanagements TI - Anpassungsstrategien gegen Trockenheit: Bewertung ökonomisch-finanzieller versus technischer Ansätze des Risikomanagements ID - 2413 ER - TY - EDBOOK A2 - Prettenthaler, F. A2 - Gobiet, A. AU - Prettenthaler, F. AU - Töglhofer, C. AU - Habsburg-Lothringen, C. AU - Türk, A. CY - Wien PB - Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften PY - 2008 ST - Klimabedingte Änderungen des Heiz- und Kühlenergiebedarfes T2 - Heizen und Kühlen im Klimawandel TI - Klimabedingte Änderungen des Heiz- und Kühlenergiebedarfes ID - 2414 ER - TY - GEN AU - Prettenthaler, Franz CY - Graz PB - Joanneum Reseaarch und Wegener Zentrum ST - Heizen und Kühlen im Klimawandel TI - Heizen und Kühlen im Klimawandel ID - 2415 ER - TY - JOUR AU - PRETZSCHEL, M. AU - BÖHME, G. AU - KRAUSE, H. PY - 1991 SP - 229-231 ST - Einfluss von Windschutzpflanzungen auf den Ertrag landwirtschaftlicher Kulturpflanzen T2 - Feldwirtschaft TI - Einfluss von Windschutzpflanzungen auf den Ertrag landwirtschaftlicher Kulturpflanzen VL - 32/1991 ID - 2416 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Price, D. T. AU - Zimmermann, N. E. AU - van der Meer, P. J. AU - Lexer, M. J. AU - Leadley, P. AU - Jorritsma, I. T. M. AU - Schaber, J. AU - Clark, D. F. AU - P, Lasch AU - McNulty, St AU - Wu, J. AU - Smith, B. LB - pric2001a PY - 2001 SP - 475--508 ST - Regeneration in gap models: priority issues for studying forest responses to climate change. T2 - Climatic Change TI - Regeneration in gap models: priority issues for studying forest responses to climate change VL - 51 ID - 2417 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Ecosystems at high elevations may be especially sensitive to global warming, because productivity is limited to a snow-free growing season, and warming is expected to cause earlier snowmelt. Here we report on vegetation responses to experimental warming in a subalpine meadow in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. We found no evidence that the plant community changed during four years of warming. Species composition in warmed plots did not change more through time than in control plots, nor did warmed plots diverge from adjacent control plots through time. Contrary to an earlier report, we found no evidence that warming facilitated adults or seedlings of sagebrush, a shrub characteristic of lower elevation ecosystems; nor did it facilitate short-lived plant species as a group. Total vegetation cover, as well as cover of graminoids, forbs, and shrubs, did not differ between control and warmed plots, nor did species richness or species' distributions along a small elevational gradient within each plot. Shrub cover tended to increase more, and forb cover to decrease more, in warmed than in control plots during one summer season, but not significantly so. This lack of detectable plant community response contrasts with pronounced responses to warming in some arctic and alpine ecosystems over similar time spans. Warming in these ecosystems is thought to act indirectly via increased mobilization of soil nutrients. One possible reason for the lack of response in our system is that drying of soil limits microbial activity, photosynthesis, and plant growth sooner in the season in warmed plots, canceling out effects of earlier snowmelt. If this is correct, and if summer precipitation patterns are unchanged under global warming, then vegetation in arid high-elevation ecosystems may change only slowly. AU - Price, M.V. AU - Waser, N.W. IS - 3 PY - 2000 SP - 811-823 ST - Responses of subalpine meadow vegetation to four years of experimental warming T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Responses of subalpine meadow vegetation to four years of experimental warming VL - 10 ID - 2418 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - Pröbstl, U. PY - 2007 ST - Klimawandel: Zukunft und Herausforderung für den Tourismus T2 - Online- Fachzeitschrift des Bundesministeriums für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft TI - Klimawandel: Zukunft und Herausforderung für den Tourismus ID - 2419 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim, Endbericht von AU - Pröbstl, U. und Damm, B. PY - 2008 ST - Wahrnehmungen und Bewertungen von Naturgefahren als Folge von Gletscherschwund und Permafrostdegradation in Tourismus-Destinationen am Beispiel des Tuxer Tals (Zillertaler Alpen/Österreich) TI - Wahrnehmungen und Bewertungen von Naturgefahren als Folge von Gletscherschwund und Permafrostdegradation in Tourismus-Destinationen am Beispiel des Tuxer Tals (Zillertaler Alpen/Österreich) ID - 2420 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - BMLFUW, BMWF, BMWFJ, ÖBF AU - Pröbstl, U. AU - Damm, B. AU - Rid, W. AU - Mau, P. AU - Felber, A. AU - Swoa, M. AU - Pichler, I. PY - 2009 SP - 51 ST - Wahrnehmung und Bewertung von Naturgefahren als Folge von Gletscherschwund und Permafrostdegradation in Tourismusdestinationen am Beispiel des Tuxer Tals (Zillertaler Alpen/ Österreich) T2 - Endbericht von StartClim2008.F in StartClim2008: Anpassung an den Klimawandel in Österreich: Beiträge zur Erstellung einer Anpassungsstrategie für Österreich TI - Wahrnehmung und Bewertung von Naturgefahren als Folge von Gletscherschwund und Permafrostdegradation in Tourismusdestinationen am Beispiel des Tuxer Tals (Zillertaler Alpen/ Österreich) UR - http://www.austroclim.at/startclim/ ID - 2421 ER - TY - GEN AU - Pruscha, H. AU - Dollfuss AU - H AU - Käfer AU - K AU - Strebl AU - F LB - prus91 PY - 1991 ST - Frostresistenz und räumliche Verbreitung von Philosamia cynthia TI - Frostresistenz und räumliche Verbreitung von Philosamia cynthia ID - 2422 ER - TY - GEN AU - Pruscha, H. AU - Dollfuss AU - H. AU - Käfer AU - K. AU - Strebl AU - F. LB - prus91 PY - 1991 ST - Frostresistenz und räumliche Verbreitung von Philosamia cynthia TI - Frostresistenz und räumliche Verbreitung von Philosamia cynthia ID - 2423 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Climate in the United States is expected to change during the 21st century, and soil erosion rates may be expected to change in response to changes in climate for a variety of reasons. This study was undertaken to investigate potential impacts of climate change on soil erosion by water. Erosion at eight locations in the United States was modeled using the Water Erosion Prediction Project model modified to account for the effects of atmospheric CO2 concentrations on plant growth. Simulated climate data from the U.K. Meteorological Office's Hadley Centre HadCM3 Global Circulation Model were used. The results indicated a complex set of interactions between the several factors that affect the erosion process. Direct effects of rainfall increases and decreases to runoff and erosion increases and decreases were observed but were often not dominant. One of the key factors of change in the system was the biomass production. Changes in soil moisture, atmospheric CO2 concentration, temperature, and solar radiation each impacted the biomass production at differing levels at the eight different sites. Different types of changes occurring at different periods of the year also complicated the response of the system. Overall, these results suggest that where precipitation increases are significant, erosion can be expected to increase. Where precipitation decreases occur, the results may be more complex due largely to interactions of plant biomass, runoff, and erosion, and either increases or decreases in overall erosion may be expected. AU - Pruski, F. F. AU - Nearing, M. A. DO - 10.1029/2001WR000493 IS - 12 KW - 1655 Global Change: Water cycles 1815 Hydrology: Erosion and sedimentation 1854 Hydrology: Precipitation 1860 Hydrology: Runoff and streamflow 1866 Hydrology: Soil moisture PY - 2002 SN - 0043-1397 SP - 1298 ST - Climate-induced changes in erosion during the 21st century for eight U.S. locations T2 - Water Resour. Res. TI - Climate-induced changes in erosion during the 21st century for eight U.S. locations UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001WR000493 VL - 38 ID - 2424 ER - TY - GEN AU - Prutsch A., Grothmann T., Schauser I., Otto S., McCallum S. PY - 2010 ST - Guiding principles for adaptation in Europe T2 - ETC/ACC Technical Paper TI - Guiding principles for adaptation in Europe VL - 6 ID - 2425 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Przybylo, R. AU - Sheldon, B. C. AU - Merilä, J. LB - przy00 PY - 2000 SP - 403 ST - Climatic effects on breading and morphology: evidence for phenotypic plasticity T2 - Journal of animal ecology TI - Climatic effects on breading and morphology: evidence for phenotypic plasticity VL - 69 ID - 2426 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Psenner, R. LB - psen02 PY - 2002 SP - 12-15 ST - Alpine Seen: Extremökosysteme unter dem Druck globaler Veränderungen T2 - EAWAG news TI - Alpine Seen: Extremökosysteme unter dem Druck globaler Veränderungen VL - 55 ID - 2427 ER - TY - GEN AU - PUGLIESE, A. and RAY, J. N1 - http://www.gallup.com/poll/124652/Awareness-Climate-Change-Threat-Vary-Region.aspx# PY - 2009 ST - Awareness of Climate Change and Threat Vary by Region. Gallup TI - Awareness of Climate Change and Threat Vary by Region. Gallup ID - 3538 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Puntigam, F. PY - 1947 SP - 59, 103-106, 116-120. ST - Zur Epidemiologie der Tularämie nach Beobachtungen in Niederöster-reich. Wiener Klin. Wschr. TI - Zur Epidemiologie der Tularämie nach Beobachtungen in Niederöster-reich. Wiener Klin. Wschr ID - 2428 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Puntigam, F. PY - 1947 SP - 103-106, 116-120. ST - Zur Epidemiologie der Tularämie nach Beobachtungen in Niederöster-reich. Wiener Klin. Wschr. T2 - Wiener Klin. Wschr. TI - Zur Epidemiologie der Tularämie nach Beobachtungen in Niederösterreich VL - 59 ID - 2429 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Puntigam, F. PY - 1960 SP - 162-168 ST - Erkrankungen an thorakalen Formen der Tularämie bei Arbeitnehmern in Zuckerfabriken. Zeitschrift. T2 - Zeitschrift f. Hygiene TI - Erkrankungen an thorakalen Formen der Tularämie bei Arbeitnehmern in Zuckerfabriken. VL - 147 ID - 2430 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Puntigam, F. PY - 1960 SP - Hygiene 147, 162-168. ST - Erkrankungen an thorakalen Formen der Tularämie bei Arbeitnehmern in Zuckerfabriken. Zeitschrift. TI - Erkrankungen an thorakalen Formen der Tularämie bei Arbeitnehmern in Zuckerfabriken. Zeitschrift ID - 2431 ER - TY - NEWS AU - Purtul, G. DA - 4.6.2010 PY - 2010 ST - Verdunstungskälte vom grünen Dach T2 - VDI nachrichten TI - Verdunstungskälte vom grünen Dach UR - http://www.vdi-nachrichten.com/vdi-nachrichten/aktuelle_ausgabe/akt_ausg_detail.asp? cat=2&id= 48073&source=twitter&doPrint=1 Y2 - 1.6.2010 ID - 2432 ER - TY - GEN AU - Putz, Marco. AU - Kruse, Silvia. AU - Butterling, Meleanie. PB - rojekt CLISP, ETC Alpine Space Programm PY - 2011 ST - Bewertung der Klimawandel-Fitness der Raumplanung. Ein Leitfaden für PlanerInnen TI - Bewertung der Klimawandel-Fitness der Raumplanung. Ein Leitfaden für PlanerInnen UR - http://www.clisp.eu/content/sites/default/files/rz_finale_D_20110824_0.pdf ID - 3646 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pyšek, P., Sadlo, J. AU - Mandak, B. PY - 2002 SP - 74, 97-186. ST - Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia. TI - Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia ID - 2433 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pyšek, P. AU - Hulme, P. PY - 2005 SP - 302-315 ST - Spatio-temporal dynamics of plant-invasions: Linking pat-tern to process. Ecoscience. T2 - Ecoscience TI - Spatio-temporal dynamics of plant-invasions: Linking pat-tern to process VL - 12/3 ID - 2434 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pyšek, P. AU - Hulme, P. PY - 2005 SP - 12/3, 302-315. ST - Spatio-temporal dynamics of plant-invasions: Linking pat-tern to process. Ecoscience. TI - Spatio-temporal dynamics of plant-invasions: Linking pat-tern to process. Ecoscience ID - 2435 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Pyšek, P. AU - J., Sadlo AU - Mandak, B. PY - 2002 SP - 97-186 ST - Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia. T2 - Preslia TI - Catalogue of alien plants of the Czech Republic VL - 74 ID - 2436 ER - TY - GEN AU - Quing CY - Madrid PY - 2011 ST - Advancing Gender+ Training in Theory and Practise. An International Event for Practitioners, Experts and Commissioners in Gender-Training TI - Advancing Gender+ Training in Theory and Practise. An International Event for Practitioners, Experts and Commissioners in Gender-Training ID - 3647 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To study the influence of different vegetation species and plant properties on the generation of surface runoff and soil erosion in south east Spain, a series of rainfall simulation experiments was conducted on small (c. 1.5 m2) plots. These were carried out in October 1993 and May 1994 on two sites close to Murcia. Six vegetation types were studied, with some at different stages of maturity, giving a total of nine vegetation treatments and two bare soil treatments. Four replicates of each treatment were exposed to a rainstorm of 120 mm/h for 15 minutes. The results of the experiments show that there are few significant differences in the ability of the vegetation types studied to control runoff or soil erosion. Of the plant properties considered, only plant canopy cover showed a significant relationship with soil loss and runoff with the greatest reduction in soil loss taking place at canopy covers greater than 30%. The implications of this research are that future efforts should be directed at developing ecological successions and revegetation methods which promote a substantial and sustainable canopy cover. AD - Sch. of Agric., Food and Environment, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Bedford MK45 4DT, United Kingdom Quinton, J.N. Sch. of Agriculture Food/Environment, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Bedford MK45 4DT, United Kingdom AU - Quinton, J. N. AU - Edwards, G. M. AU - Morgan, R. P. C. DB - Scopus IS - 3 J2 - SOIL USE MANAGE. KW - Erosion Runoff Soil Spain Vegetation types plant properties runoff soil erosion vegetation species Spain, Murcia LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):35 CODEN: SUMAE References: Brown, L.C., Foster, G.R., Beasley, D.B., Rill erosion as affected by incorporated crop residue and seasonal consolidation (1989) Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 32, pp. 1967-1978; Christiansen, J.E., (1942) Irrigation by Sprinkling, , Agricultural Experimental Station, University of California, Bulletin No. 670; Cogo, N.P., Moldenhauer, W.C., Foster, G.R., Soil loss reduction from conservation tillage practices (1984) Soil Science Society of America Journal, 48, pp. 368-373; Coppin, N.J., Richards, I.G., (1990) Use of Vegetation in Civil Engineering, , CIRIA-Butterworths, London; Elwell, H.A., Stocking, M.A., Vegetal cover to estimate soil erosion hazard in Rhodesia (1976) Geoderma, 15, pp. 61-70; (1974) Soil Map of the World, 1 : 5 000 000, Vol 1, Legend, 1. , FAO-UNESCO. UNESCO, Paris; Francis, C.F., Thornes, J.B., Matorral: Erosion and reclamation (1990) Soil Degradation and Rehabilitation in Mediterranean Environmental Conditions, , (eds J. Albaladejo, M.Stocking and F. Diaz). CSIC, Murcia; Garcia Ruiz, J.M., Ruiz-Flano, P., Lasanta, T., Montserrat, G., Martinez-Rica, J.P., Pardini, G., Erosion in abandoned fields, what is the problem (1991) Soil Erosion Studies in Spain, , (eds M.Sala, J.L. Rubio & J.M. Garcia-Ruiz), Geoforma Ediciones, Logrono; Gil Olcina, A., Morales Gil, A., (1986) Inudaciones en la Ciudad y Termino de Alicante, , Institute Universiterio de Geograpfia, Universidad de Alicante; Hudson, N.W., (1964) The Flour Pellet Method for Measuring the Size of Raindrops, , Department of Conservation and Extension, Research Bulletin No 4, Harare; Lang, R.D., McCaffrey, L.A.H., Ground cover: Its effect on soil loss from grazed runoff plots, Gunnedah (1984) Journal of Soil Conservation of New South Wales, 40, pp. 56-61; López Bermúdez, F., Presentation of research area: Guadalentin, Spain (1993) MEDALUS Start-up Document, , European Union project EV5V CT92; Morgan, R.P.C., (1986) Soil Erosion and Conservation, , Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow; Morgan, R.P.C., Technical and policy options for dealing with the problems of desertification in the European community (1991) Desertification and Mater Resources in the European Community, pp. 340-359. , European Parliament; Navarro, F., (1991) El Sistema Hidrogafico del Guadalentin, , Comunidad Autónoma de la Region de Murcia, Murcia; Orshan, G., (1989) Plant Pheno-morphological Studies in Mediterranean Type Ecosystems, , Geobotany 12, Kluwer Academic Publishers; Rojo-Serrano, L., Carrera Morales, J.A., Martinez Artero, J.A., Guadalentin Basin (1993) 1st Annual Report MEDALUS II, Project 4, Research and Policy Interfaces in Selected Regions, pp. 30-37; Simanton, J.R., Renard, K.G., Upland erosion research on range-land (1992) Overland Flow: Hydraulics and Erosion Mechanics, pp. 335-375. , (eds A.J. Parsons & A.D. Abrahams), UCL Press, London; Styczen, M.E., Morgan, R.P.C., Engineering properties of vegetation (1994) Slope Stabilisation and Erosion Control: A Bioengineering Approach, pp. 5-58. , (eds R.P.C. Morgan & R.J. Rickson). McGraw Hill; Thornes, J.B., (1976) Semi-arid Erosional Systems: Case Studies in Spain, , London School of Economics and Political Sciences, London; Tobias, S., Shear strength of the soil root system: In situ shear tests (1994) Conserving Soil Resources: European Perspectives, pp. 405-412. , (ed. R.J. Rickson), CAB INTERNATIONAL, Wallingford; Walsh, R.P.D., Voigt, P.J., Vegetation litter: An underestimated variable in hydrology and geomorphology (1977) Journal of Biogeography, 4, pp. 253-274; Withers, B., Vipond, S., (1980) Irrigation Design and Practice. 2nd Edition, , Cornell University Press; Worku Bekele, M., Thomas, D.B., The influence of surface residue on soil loss and runoff (1992) Erosion, Conservation and Small Scale Farming, pp. 439-452. , (eds H. Hurni & Kebede Tato), Geographica Bernesia, Bern; Zanchi, C., Torri, D., Evaluation of rainfall energy in Central Italy (1980) Assessment of Erosion, pp. 133-142. , (eds M. DeBoodt & D. Gabriels), John Wiley & Sons, Chichester PY - 1997 SN - 02660032 SP - 143-148 ST - The influence of vegetation species and plant properties on runoff and soil erosion: Results from a rainfall simulation study in south east Spain T2 - Soil Use and Management TI - The influence of vegetation species and plant properties on runoff and soil erosion: Results from a rainfall simulation study in south east Spain UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0030766061&partnerID=40&md5=c9bfde0ac10953322c47c89a6414fa9e VL - 13 ID - 3371 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Computing, R Foundation for Statistical AU - Team, R Development Core CY - Vienna, Austria NV - 10 PB - R Foundation for Statistical Computing PY - 2007 SN - 3-900051-07-0 ST - R: A language and environment for statistical computing. TI - R: A language and environment for statistical computing. UR - http://www.R-project.org VL - 1 ID - 2437 ER - TY - JOUR AU - R., Basu PY - 2001 ST - Characterizing the relationship between temperature and cardio-respiratory mortality among the elderly U.S. population. (PhD dissertation). Baltimore, MD: Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, 2001. TI - Characterizing the relationship between temperature and cardio-respiratory mortality among the elderly U.S. population. (PhD dissertation). Baltimore, MD: Bloomberg School of Public Health, John Hopkins University, 2001 ID - 2438 ER - TY - JOUR AU - R., Jäger S. AU - Litschauer PY - 1998 SP - p. 22-26 ST - Ragweed in Austria. In: Spieksma, F. (Ed.): Ragweed in Europe, 6th International Congress on Aerobiology, Satellite Symposium Proceedings. TI - Ragweed in Austria. In: Spieksma, F. (Ed.): Ragweed in Europe, 6th International Congress on Aerobiology, Satellite Symposium Proceedings ID - 2439 ER - TY - JOUR AU - R., MARULLO PY - 1991 ST - Frankliniella, biologia, e strategie di difesa. Terra e Vita 15, 72-73. TI - Frankliniella, biologia, e strategie di difesa. Terra e Vita 15, 72-73 ID - 2440 ER - TY - JOUR AU - R., MARULLO PY - 1999 ST - Impact of an introduced pest thrips on the indigenous natural history and agricultural systems of southern italy. Proceedings of the 7th International sympo-sium on Thysanoptera, 285-288. TI - Impact of an introduced pest thrips on the indigenous natural history and agricultural systems of southern italy. Proceedings of the 7th International sympo-sium on Thysanoptera, 285-288 ID - 2441 ER - TY - JOUR AU - R., ZUR STRASSEN PY - 1986 ST - Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande 1895), ein nordamerikanischer Fransenflügler als neuer Bewohner europäischer Glashäuser. Nachrichtenblatt d. Deut-schen Pflanzenschutzdienstes 38: 86-88. TI - Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande 1895), ein nordamerikanischer Fransenflügler als neuer Bewohner europäischer Glashäuser. Nachrichtenblatt d. Deut-schen Pflanzenschutzdienstes 38: 86-88 ID - 2442 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rabinowitz, D. AU - Cairns, S. AU - Dillon, D. LB - rabi86 PY - 1986 SP - 182-204 ST - Seven forms of rarity and their frequency in the flora of the British Isles T2 - Conservation Biology: The Science of Scarcity and Diversity. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA, USA TI - Seven forms of rarity and their frequency in the flora of the British Isles ID - 2443 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Racksko, P. AU - Szeidl, L. AU - Semenov, M. LB - rack1991a PY - 1991 SP - 27--41 ST - A serial approach to local stochastic weather models T2 - Ecological modelling TI - A serial approach to local stochastic weather models VL - 57 ID - 2444 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Responses of CO2 assimilation and stomatal conductance to decreasing leaf water potential, and to environmental factors, were analysed in a mixed natural stand of sessile oak (Quercus petraea ssp. medwediewii) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Greece during the exceptionally dry summer of 1998. Seasonal courses of leaf water potential were similar for both species, whereas mean net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance were always higher in sessile oak than in beech. The relationship between net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance was strong for both species. Sessile oak had high rates of photosynthesis even under very low leaf water potentials and high air temperatures, whereas the photosynthetic rate of beech decreased at low water potentials. Diurnal patterns were similar in both species but sessile oak had higher rates of CO2 assimilation than beech. Our results indicate that sessile oak is more tolerant of drought than beech, due, in part, to its maintenance of photosynthesis at low water potential. © 2002 Annals of Botany Company. AD - Forest Research Institute, Vasilika, 57006, Thessaloniki, Greece Radoglou, K. Forest Research Institute, Vasilika, 57006, Thessaloniki, Greece email: radoglou@spark.net.gr AU - Raftoyannis, Y. AU - Radoglou, K. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1093/aob/mcf133 IS - 6 J2 - Ann. Bot. KW - Beech CO2 assimilation Drought Fagus sylvatica L. Leaf water potential Quercus petraea ssp. medwediewii Sessile oak Stomatal conductance drought environmental factor photosynthesis physiological response stomatal conductance Fagus Fagus sylvatica Quercus Quercus petraea carbon dioxide rain water article beech circadian rhythm cytology disaster Greece metabolism oak physiology season temperature Carbon Dioxide Circadian Rhythm Natural Disasters Photosynthesis Rain Seasons Temperature Water LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 27 CODEN: ANBOA PubMed ID: 12102528 Chemicals/CAS: Carbon Dioxide, 124-38-9; Water, 7732-18-5 References: Aranda, I., Gil, L., Pardos, J., Seasonal water relations of three broadleaved species (Fagus sylvatica L. Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. and Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) in a mixed stand in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula (1996) Forest Ecology and Management, 84, pp. 219-229; Aranda, I., Gil, L., Pardos, J.A., Water relations and gas exchange in Fagus sylvatica L. and Quercus petraea (Mattuschka) Liebl. in a mixed stand at their southern limit of distribution in Europe (2000) Trees: Structure and Function, 14, pp. 344-352; Backes, K., Leuschner, C., Leaf water relations of competitive Fagus sylvatica and Quercus petraea trees during 4 years differing in soil drought (2000) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30, pp. 335-346; Breda, N., Cochard, H., Dreyer, E., Granier, A., Water transfer in a mature oak stand (Quercus petraea): Seasonal evolution and effects of a severe drought (1993) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 23, pp. 1136-1143; Christensen, K.I., Quercus (1997) Flora Hellenica, pp. 42-50. , Strid A, Tan K, eds. Koenigstein: Koeltz Scientific Books; Diekson, R.E., Tomlinson, P.T., Oak growth, development and carbon metabolism in response to water stress (1996) Annales des Sciences Forestieres, 53, pp. 181-196; Dreyer, E., Bousquet, F., Ducrey, M., Use of pressure volume curves in water relation analysis on woody shoots: Influence of rehydration and comparison of four European oak species (1990) Annales des Sciences Forestieres, 47, pp. 285-297; Epron, D., Dreyer, E., Stomatal and non-stomatal limitations of photosynthesis by leaf water deficits in three oak species: A comparison of gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence data (1990) Annales des Sciences Forestieres, 47, pp. 435-450; Epron, D., Dreyer, E., Long-term effects of drought on photosynthesis of adult oak trees (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Quercus robur L.) in a natural stand (1993) New Phytologist, 125, pp. 381-389; Epron, D., Dreyer, E., Breda, N., Photosynthesis of oak trees [Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.] during drought under field conditions: Diurnal course of net CO2 assimilation and photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (1992) Plant, Cell and Environment, 15, pp. 809-820; Friend, A.D., Stevens, A.K., Knox, R.G., Cannell, M.G.R., A process-based, terrestrial biosphere model of ecosystem dynamics (Hybrid v3.0) (1996) Ecological Modelling, 95, pp. 249-287; Fotelli, M.N., Radoglou, K.M., Constantinidou, H.I.A., Water stress responses of seedlings of four Mediterranean oak species (2000) Tree Physiology, 20, pp. 1065-1075; Harley, P.C., Tenhunen, J.D., Beyschlag, W., Lange, O.L., Seasonal changes in net photosynthesis rates and photosynthetic capacity in leaves of Cistus salvifolius, a European Mediterranean semideciduous shrub (1987) Oecologia, 74, pp. 380-388; Hinckley, T.M., Teskey, R.O., Duhme, F., Richter, H., Temperate hardwood forests (1981) Water deficits and plant growth. vol 6. Woody plant communities, 6, pp. 153-208. , Kozlowski TT, ed. New York: Academic Press; Innes, J.L., Observations on the condition of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in Britain in 1990 (1992) Forestry, 65, pp. 35-60; Jarvis, P.G., Sandford, A.P., Temperate forests (1986) Photosynthesis in contrasting environments, pp. 199-236. , Baker NR, Long SP. eds. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers; Ni, B.R., Pallardy, S.G., Response of gas exchange to water stress in seedlings of woody angiosperms (1991) Tree Physiology, 8, pp. 1-9; Peterken, G.F., Mountford, E.P., Effects of drought on beech in Lady Park Wood, an unmanaged mixed deciduous woodland (1996) Forestry, 69, pp. 125-136; Scholander, P.F., Hammel, T., Bradstreet, E.D., Hemmingsen, E.A., Sap pressure in vascular plants (1965) Science, 148, pp. 339-345; Sehulze, E.D., Hall, A.E., Stomatal responses, water loss and CO2 assimilation rates of plants in contrasting environments (1982) Physiological plant ecology. II. Water relations and carbon assimilation, pp. 181-230. , Lange OL, Nobel PS, Osmond CB, Ziegler H, eds. Berlin: Springer-Verlag; Schwarz, O., Quercus (1964) Flora Europaea, pp. 61-64. , Turin TG, Heywood VH, Burges NA, Valentine DH, Walters SM, Webb DA. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; Tenhunen, J.D., Lange, O.L., Jahner, D., The control by atmospheric factors and water stress of midday stomatal closure in Arbutus unedo growing in a natural macchia (1982) Oecologia, 55, pp. 165-169; Tenhunen, J.D., Pearcy, R.W., Lange, O.L., Diurnal variations in leaf conductance and gas exchange in natural environments (1987) Stomatal function, pp. 323-351. , Zeiger E, Farquhar GD, Cowan IR, eds. Stanford: Stanford University Press; Thomas, F.M., Growth and water relations of four deciduous tree species (Fagus sylvatica L. Quercus petraea [Matt.] Liebl. Q. pubescens Willd. Sorbus aria [L.] Cr.) occurring at Central-European tree-line sites on shallow calcareous soils: Physiological reactions of seedlings to severe drought (2000) Flora Jena, 195, pp. 104-115; Thomas, F.M., Gausling, T., Morphological and physiological responses of oak seedlings (Quercus petraea and Q. robur) to moderate drought (2000) Annals of Forest Science, 57, pp. 325-333; Tognetti, R., Michelozzi, M., Borghetti, M., Response to light of shade-grown beech seedlings subjected to different watering regimes (1994) Tree Physiology, 14, pp. 751-758; Triboulot, M.B., Fauveau, M.L., Breda, N., Label, P., Dreyer, E., Stomatal conductance and xylem-sap abscisic acid (ABA) in adult oak trees during a gradually imposed drought (1996) Annales des Sciences Forestieres, 53, pp. 207-220; Woodward, F.I., (1987) Climate and plant distribution, , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press PY - 2002 SN - 03057364 SP - 723-730 ST - Physiological responses of beech and sessile oak in a natural mixed stand during a dry summer T2 - Annals of Botany TI - Physiological responses of beech and sessile oak in a natural mixed stand during a dry summer UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036595744&partnerID=40&md5=6ab3f6f921694a9bad6960acf5bb1132 VL - 89 ID - 2445 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rahel, F. J. LB - rahe02 PY - 2002 SP - 99-110 ST - Using current biogeographic limits to predict fish distributions following climate change T2 - N.A. McGinn (ed). Fisheries in a changing climate. American Fisheries Society Symposium TI - Using current biogeographic limits to predict fish distributions following climate change VL - 32 ID - 2446 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We review measured rates of soil respiration from terrestrial and wetland ecosystems to define the annual global CO2 flux from soils, to identify uncertainties in the global flux estimate, and to investigate the influences of temperature, precipitation, and vegetation on soil respiration rates. The annual global CO2 flux from soils is estimated to average (± S.D.) 68 ± 4 PgC/ yr, based on extrapolations from biome land areas. Relatively few measurements of soil respiration exist from arid, semi-arid, and tropical regions; these regions should be priorities for additional research. On a global scale, soil respiration rates are positively correlated with mean annual air temperatures and mean annual precipitation. There is a close correlation between mean annual net primary productivity (NPP) of different vegetation biomes and their mean annual soil respiration rates, with soil respiration averaging 24% higher than mean annual NPP. This difference represents a minimum estimate of the contribution of root respiration to the total soil CO2efflux. Estimates of soil C turnover rates range from 500 years in tundra and peaty wetlands to 10 years in tropical savannas. We also evaluate the potential impacts of human activities on soil respiration rates, with particular focus on land use changes, soil fertilization, irrigation and drainage, and climate changes. The impacts of human activities on soil respiration rates are poorly documented, and vary among sites. Of particular importance are potential changes in temperatures and precipitation. Based on a review of in situ measurements, the Q10 value for total soil respiration has a median value of 2.4. Increased soil respiration with global warming is likely to provide a positive feedback to the greenhouse effect. AU - Raich, J. W. AU - Schlesinger, W. H. DO - 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1992.t01-1-00001.x IS - 2 PY - 1992 SN - 1600-0889 SP - 81-99 ST - The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate T2 - Tellus B TI - The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.1992.t01-1-00001.x VL - 44 ID - 2447 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Materialband AU - Rakos, Simander R. and C. PB - Austrian Energy Agency PY - 2005 ST - Klimatisierung, Kühlung und Klimaschutz: Technologien, Wirtschaftlichkeit und CO2-Reduktionspotenziale TI - Klimatisierung, Kühlung und Klimaschutz: Technologien, Wirtschaftlichkeit und CO2-Reduktionspotenziale ID - 2448 ER - TY - GEN AU - RAMMEL, C. AU - ROORDA, N. AU - WAARA, S. AU - FRA PALEO, U. N1 - http://www.slideshare.net/NRoorda/aishe-20-manual (27.02.2014) PB - WU Wien PY - 2012 ST - Aishe 2.0. Manual - As- sessment Instrument for Sustainability in Higher Education TI - Aishe 2.0. Manual - As- sessment Instrument for Sustainability in Higher Education VL - Version 1, 2012 ID - 3539 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ramos, M. C. LB - ramo2001a PY - 2001 SP - 123-138 ST - Divisive and hierarchial clustering techniques to analyse variability of rainfall distribution patterns in a Mediterranean region T2 - Atmos. Res. TI - Divisive and hierarchial clustering techniques to analyse variability of rainfall distribution patterns in a Mediterranean region VL - 57 ID - 2449 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Chen, Z., Marquis, M., Averyt, K.B., Tignor, M., Miller, H.L. (Eds.) A3 - Press, Cambridge University AU - Randall, D.A. AU - Wood, R.A. AU - Bony, S. AU - Colman, R. AU - Fichefet, T. AU - Fyfe, J. AU - Kattsov, V. AU - Pitman, A. AU - Shukla, J. AU - Srinivasan, J. AU - Stouffer, R.J. AU - Sumi, A. AU - Taylor, K.E. CY - Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA PB - Cambridge University Press PY - 2007 ST - Cilmate Models and Their Evaluation T2 - Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change TI - Cilmate Models and Their Evaluation ID - 2450 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ranft, F. AU - Frohn, B. CY - Basel PB - Birkhäuser Verlag PY - 2004 ST - Natürliche Klimatisierung TI - Natürliche Klimatisierung ID - 2451 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rao, S. T. AU - Ku, J. Y. AU - Berman, S. AU - Zhang, K. AU - Mao, H. IS - 1 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0033-4553 PY - 2003 SP - 21 ST - Summertime Characteristics of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Relationships to Ozone Levels over the Eastern United States T2 - Pure and Applied Geophysics TI - Summertime Characteristics of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Relationships to Ozone Levels over the Eastern United States UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00024-003-8764-9 VL - 160 ID - 2452 ER - TY - WEB AU - 53, Rathauskorrespondenz/MA M1 - 1.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.wien.gv.at/rk/msg/2010/09/12001.html ID - 2453 ER - TY - SER AU - Rathgeber, Theodor. CY - Berlin M1 - Band 6 PB - Heinrich-Böll Stiftung PY - 2005 ST - Klimawandel verletzt Menschenrechte, Über die Voraussetzungen einer gerechten Klimapolitik T3 - Reihe Ökologie TI - Klimawandel verletzt Menschenrechte, Über die Voraussetzungen einer gerechten Klimapolitik ID - 3648 ER - TY - WEB AU - Rauch M1 - 23.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.befeuchtungssysteme.at/befeuchtungs-anwendungen/luftkuehlung/gastgarten-nebelkuehlung/index.php ID - 2454 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reading, C. J. LB - read98 PY - 1998 SP - 475 ST - The effect to winter temperatures on the timing of breeding activity in the common toad Bufo bufo T2 - Oecologia TI - The effect to winter temperatures on the timing of breeding activity in the common toad Bufo bufo VL - 11 ID - 2455 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reading, C. J. AU - Clarke, R. t LB - readar PY - 1999 SP - 315 ST - Impacts of climate and density on the duration of the tadpole stage of the common toad T2 - Oecologie TI - Impacts of climate and density on the duration of the tadpole stage of the common toad VL - 12 ID - 2456 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reading, C.J. LB - read98 PY - 1998 SP - 475 ST - The effect to winter temperatures on the timing of breeding activity in the common toad Bufo bufo T2 - Oecologia TI - The effect to winter temperatures on the timing of breeding activity in the common toad Bufo bufo VL - 11 ID - 2457 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reading, C.J. AU - Clarke, R.t. LB - readar PY - 1999 SP - 315 ST - Impacts of climate and density on the duration of the tadpole stage of the common toad T2 - Oecologie TI - Impacts of climate and density on the duration of the tadpole stage of the common toad VL - 12 ID - 2458 ER - TY - GEN AU - Reassurance, Caisse Central de LB - ccr2003 PB - http://www.ccr.fr/ANG/pages/catastrophe/entrep.htm?1 PY - 2003 ID - 2459 ER - TY - CONF AU - Reclip More Team CY - Wien DA - 16. und 17. März 2006 PY - 2006 ST - Project reclip:more - overview: Objectives, tasks and results 2004-2005 T2 - 9. Österreichischer Klimatag „KlimaKlimaforschungsinitiative AustroClim: , Klimawandel und Auswirkungenﾓ TI - Project reclip:more - overview: Objectives, tasks and results 2004-2005 ID - 2460 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Reden, F. W. F. V. CY - Wien LB - reden1857 PB - k.k. Hof- u. Staatsdruckerei PY - 1857 ST - Der Boden und Seine Benutzung im Kaiserstaate Österreich. Versuch Auf Veranlassung der Jubelfeier der K.K. Landwirthschafts-Gesellschaft in Wien TI - Der Boden und Seine Benutzung im Kaiserstaate Österreich. Versuch Auf Veranlassung der Jubelfeier der K.K. Landwirthschafts-Gesellschaft in Wien ID - 2461 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Reden, F.-W.F.V CY - Wien LB - reden1857 PB - k.k. Hof- u. Staatsdruckerei PY - 1857 ST - Der Boden und Seine Benutzung im Kaiserstaate Österreich. Versuch Auf Veranlassung der Jubelfeier der K.K. Landwirthschafts-Gesellschaft in Wien TI - Der Boden und Seine Benutzung im Kaiserstaate Österreich. Versuch Auf Veranlassung der Jubelfeier der K.K. Landwirthschafts-Gesellschaft in Wien ID - 2462 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Redl, H. LB - redl99 PY - 1999 SP - 8-12 ST - Die Reblaus auch in Österreich wieder (beängstigend?) im Kommen T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Die Reblaus auch in Österreich wieder (beängstigend?) im Kommen VL - 1 ID - 2463 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Ruhr, Regionalverband PY - 2010 ST - Handbuch Stadtklima. Maßnahmen und Handlungskonzepte für Städte und Ballungsräume zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel. Ein Projekt des Ministeriums für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Essen TI - Handbuch Stadtklima. Maßnahmen und Handlungskonzepte für Städte und Ballungsräume zur Anpassung an den Klimawandel. Ein Projekt des Ministeriums für Umwelt und Naturschutz, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen, Essen UR - http://www.umwelt.nrw.de/klima/klimawandel/anpassungspolitik/projekte/staedte_und_ballungsraeume/projektseite_01/index.php Y2 - 20.4.2011 ID - 2464 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Five population-specific response functions were developed from quadratic models for 110 populations of Pinus sylvestris growing at 47 planting sites in Eurasia and North America. The functions predict 13 year height from climate: degree-days > 5 °C; mean annual temperature; degree-days < 0 °C; summer-winter temperature differential; and a moisture index, the ratio of degree-days > 5 °C to mean annual precipitation. Validation of the response functions with two sets of independent data produced for all functions statistically significant simple correlations with coefficients as high as 0.81 between actual and predicted heights. The response functions described the widely different growth potentials typical of natural populations and demonstrated that these growth potentials have different climatic optima. Populations nonetheless tend to inhabit climates colder than their optima, with the disparity between the optimal and inhabited climates becoming greater as the climate becomes more severe. When driven by a global warming scenario of the Hadley Center, the functions described short-term physiologic and long-term evolutionary effects that were geographically complex. The short-term effects should be negative in the warmest climates but strongly positive in the coldest. Long-term effects eventually should ameliorate the negative short-term impacts, enhance the positive, and in time, substantially increase productivity throughout most of the contemporary pine forests of Eurasia. Realizing the long-term gains will require redistribution of genotypes across the landscape, a process that should take up to 13 generations and therefore many years. AU - Rehfeldt, G.E. AU - Tchebakova, N.M. AU - Parfenova, Y.I. AU - Wykoff, W.R. AU - Kuzmina, N.A. AU - Milyutin, L.I. KW - height plant characteristics Pinus sylvestris geographical variation climatic factors mathematical models prediction heat sums air temperature seasonal variation precipitation climate change genetic variation Russia Siberia North America populations water availability russian far east PY - 2002 SP - 912-929 ST - Intraspecific responses to climate in Pinus sylvestris T2 - Global change biology TI - Intraspecific responses to climate in Pinus sylvestris UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10113/17219 VL - 8 ID - 2465 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Rehfuess, Karl E. CY - Hamburg ET - 2 LB - rehfuess:90 PB - Parey Studientexte PY - 1990 ST - Waldböden -- Entwicklung, Eigenschaften und Nutzung TI - Waldböden -- Entwicklung, Eigenschaften und Nutzung VL - 29 ID - 2466 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reichel, G. PY - 2002 ST - Erfahrungsberichte aus Oberösterreich, Hochwasserkatastrophe-Gefahr für Trinkwasser! Linz, ÖVGW, p. S.27. TI - Erfahrungsberichte aus Oberösterreich, Hochwasserkatastrophe-Gefahr für Trinkwasser! Linz, ÖVGW, p. S.27 ID - 2467 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reichholf, J. H. LB - reic95 PY - 1995 SP - 7-15 ST - Die Natur wieder zulassen T2 - Stapfia TI - Die Natur wieder zulassen VL - 37 ID - 2468 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reichstein, M. AU - Kätterer, T. AU - Andrén, O. AU - Ciais, P. AU - Schulze, E.-D. AU - Cramer, W. AU - Papale, D. AU - Valentini, R. LB - reichstein:05a PY - 2005 SP - 737-747 ST - Does the temperature sensitivity of decomposition vary with soil organic matter quality? T2 - Biogeosciences Discussions TI - Does the temperature sensitivity of decomposition vary with soil organic matter quality? VL - 2 ID - 2469 ER - TY - JOUR AB - An analysis of ozonesonde data for stations whose records go back at least a quarter of a century suggests that the number of intrusions of subtropical air into the midlatitude lower stratosphere has recently increased. These air masses, referred to here as ozone minima, contain low ozone concentrations over vertical depths of ∼4 km, sufficient to reduce the total ozone column by 10–15%. The mixing ratios of other trace species, such as nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon monoxide (CO), and water vapor (H2O) recorded in midlatitudes by the NASA ER-2 aircraft, suggest that these intrusions originate either in the lower tropical stratosphere or in the upper tropical troposphere. Potential vorticity calculated from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) date, have been used in conjunction with TOMS total ozone data to estimate the typical area covered by minima. Their contribution to the midlatitude ozone trend is discussed. TOVS data have also facilitated the identification of a prominent ozone minima source region in the subtropical western Atlantic, where the Atlantic storm track is particularly intense. Minima frequently advect over Europe, explaining the high abundance of these events observed by European ozonesonde stations, relative to ozonesonde data from Canada. AU - Reid, S. J. AU - Tuck, A. F. AU - Kiladis, G. DO - 10.1029/2000JD900081 IS - D10 PY - 2000 SN - 0148-0227 SP - 12169-12180 ST - On the changing abundance of ozone minima at northern midlatitudes T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - On the changing abundance of ozone minima at northern midlatitudes UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JD900081 VL - 105 ID - 2470 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reimoser, F. PY - 2001 SP - 10-13 ST - Problem Waldgams. Weidwerk T2 - Weidwerk TI - Problem Waldgams VL - 3 ID - 2471 ER - TY - JOUR AU - REIMOSER, F. PY - 2001 SP - 3, 10-13. ST - Problem Waldgams. Weidwerk TI - Problem Waldgams. Weidwerk ID - 2472 ER - TY - CONF AU - Reimoser, F. PY - 2002 ST - Das Waldgamsproblem. Schriftenreihe des LJV Bayern e. V. 9, 15-20. In: Int. Symp. D. LJV Bayern e.V. u. d. Bayr. Ak. F. Tiersch., Umwelt und Jagdwiss. T2 - Int. Symp. D. LJV Bayern e.V. u. d. Bayr. Ak. F. Tiersch., Umwelt und Jagdwiss TI - Das Waldgamsproblem. Schriftenreihe des LJV Bayern e. V. 9, 15-20 ID - 2473 ER - TY - JOUR AU - REIMOSER, F. PY - 2002 ST - Das Waldgamsproblem. Schriftenreihe des LJV Bayern e. V. 9, 15-20. In: Int. Symp. D. LJV Bayern e.V. u. d. Bayr. Ak. F. Tiersch., Umwelt und Jagdwiss. TI - Das Waldgamsproblem. Schriftenreihe des LJV Bayern e. V. 9, 15-20. In: Int. Symp. D. LJV Bayern e.V. u. d. Bayr. Ak. F. Tiersch., Umwelt und Jagdwiss ID - 2474 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A simple soil acidification model was applied to evaluate the effects of sulphur and nitrogen emission reductions on the recovery of acidified European forest soils. In addition we included the effects of climate change on soil solution chemistry, by modelling temperature effects on soil chemical processes and including temperature and precipitation effects on nitrogen uptake and on leaching. Model results showed a strong effect of the emission reduction scenarios on soil solution chemistry. Using the Current Legislation (CLE) scenario, the forest area in Europe with soil solution Al/Bc >1 mol mol− 1 (a widely used critical limit) decreased from about 4% in 1990 to about 1.7% in 2050. Under Maximum Feasible Reductions (MFR), the exceeded area will be < 1% in 2050. In addition, the area where limits for the nitrate concentration in soils are violated is predicted to be smaller under MFR than under CLE. Using the most stringent criterion for nitrate ([NO3] <0.3 mg l− 1), the area with nitrate concentrations in excess of the critical limit is about 33% in 2050 under CLE, but only 12% under MFR. Recovery, i.e. attaining non-violation of the criterion, is also much faster under MFR than under CLE. Climate change leads to higher weathering rates and nitrogen uptake in the model, but positive effects on recovery from acidification are limited compared to current climate, and differences between the A1 and B2 climate change scenarios were small. Target loads for 2050 exist for 4% of the area for Al/Bc = 1 and for 12% of the area when using a criterion of ANC = 0 for the soil solution. In about 30% of the area where meaningful target loads exists, the computed target load is lower than the deposition under MFR, and thus cannot be attained with current emission abatement technologies. AU - Reinds, Gert Jan AU - Posch, Maximilian AU - Leemans, Rik DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.07.013 IS - 21 KW - Acidification Climate change Target loads Recovery times VSD PY - 2009 SN - 0048-9697 SP - 5663-5673 ST - Modelling recovery from soil acidification in European forests under climate change T2 - Science of The Total Environment TI - Modelling recovery from soil acidification in European forests under climate change UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896970900672X VL - 407 ID - 3399 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reinert, K.A. and D.W. Roland-Holst PY - 1992 SP - 631-639 ST - Argmington Elasticities for United States manufacturing sec-tors T2 - Journal of Policy Modeling TI - Argmington Elasticities for United States manufacturing sec-tors VL - 14 ID - 2475 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reinhardt F., Herle M., Bastiansen. AU - B., Streit PY - 2003 SP - 79/03, 248 pp. ST - Ökonomische Folgen der Ausbrei-tung von Neobiota. Umweltbundesamt Texte. TI - Ökonomische Folgen der Ausbrei-tung von Neobiota. Umweltbundesamt Texte ID - 2476 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Reinhardt, F.: Herle, M. AU - Bastiansen AU - Streit, B. PY - 2003 SP - 79/03, 248 pp. ST - Ökonomische Folgen der Ausbrei-tung von Neobiota. Umweltbundesamt Texte. T2 - Umweltbundesamt Texte TI - Ökonomische Folgen der Ausbreitung von Neobiota ID - 2477 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reintjes, R., Dedushaj, I., Gjini, A., Jorgensen, T.R., Cotter, B., Lieftuch, A., DﾒÀncona, F., Dennis, D.T., Kosoy, M.A., Mulligi-Osmani, G., Grunow, R., Kalaveshii, A., Gashi, L., Hu-molli, I. PY - 2002 SP - Dis. 8, 69-74. ST - Tularemia outbreak investigation in Kosovo: case control and environmen-tal studies. Emerg. Inf. TI - Tularemia outbreak investigation in Kosovo: case control and environmen-tal studies. Emerg. Inf ID - 2478 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reintjes, R. AU - Dedushaj, I. AU - Gjini, A. AU - Jorgensen, T. R. AU - Cotter, B. AU - Lieftuch , A. AU - D´Àncona, F. AU - Dennis, D.T. AU - Kosoy, M.A. AU - Mulligi-Osmani, G. AU - Grunow, R. AU - Kalaveshii, A. AU - Gashi, L. AU - Hu-molli, I. PY - 2002 SP - 69-74 ST - Tularemia outbreak investigation in Kosovo: case control and environmen-tal studies. Emerg. Inf. T2 - Emerg. Inf. Dis. TI - Tularemia outbreak investigation in Kosovo: case control and environmen-tal studies. VL - 8 ID - 2479 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Reinwald, Florian. AU - Damyanovic, Doris. AU - Weber, Friederike. AU - Hager, Isa. PB - Im Auftrag des Amts der Burgenländischen Landesregierung, LAD-Frauenbüro PY - 2011 ST - Frauen in der burgenländischen Gemeindepolitik TI - Frauen in der burgenländischen Gemeindepolitik ID - 3649 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reiß, M. LB - reis59 PY - 1959 SP - 71-115 ST - Die Phänologie in Österreich seit 1826 und ihre Beziehungen zur Klimakunde T2 - Wetter und Leben TI - Die Phänologie in Österreich seit 1826 und ihre Beziehungen zur Klimakunde VL - 11 ID - 2480 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Reiterer, A., Wöhrer-Alge, M. und Mayer, B. PY - 2009 ST - Klimawandel und Naturgefahren - das EU-Projekt AdaptAlp T2 - Wildbach- und Lawinenverbauung TI - Klimawandel und Naturgefahren - das EU-Projekt AdaptAlp VL - 73 ID - 2481 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In Colombia, the entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassiana(Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) is widely used to control the coffee berry borerHypothenemus hampei(Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in coffee plantations. Recent studies suggested that this fungus is also pathogenic to several important vectors of disease, includingPhlebotomus papatasiandLutzomyia longipalpis(Diptera: Psychodidae). The present study evaluated the use ofB. bassianaas a potential biological control agent against phlebotomine sand flies in Colombian coffee plantations. Histopathologic examination indicates thatB. bassianais unable to infect sand flies under natural conditions, although dead sand flies were shown to be readily infected. In addition, laboratory bioassays where flies were exposed to the fungus applied onto coffee plants (though not filter paper) showed lower mean survival times than the control. AU - Reithinger, Richard AU - Davies, Clive R. AU - Cadena, Horacio AU - Alexander, Bruce IS - 2 KW - Beauveria bassiana Hypothenemus hampei Lutzomyia Leishmania American cutaneous leishmaniasis entomopathogenic fungi biological control N1 - doi: 10.1006/jipa.1997.4671 PY - 1997 SN - 0022-2011 SP - 131-135 ST - Evaluation of the FungusBeauveria bassianaas a Potential Biological Control Agent against Phlebotomine Sand Flies in Colombian Coffee Plantations T2 - Journal of Invertebrate Pathology TI - Evaluation of the FungusBeauveria bassianaas a Potential Biological Control Agent against Phlebotomine Sand Flies in Colombian Coffee Plantations UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022201197946711 VL - 70 ID - 2482 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rejmánek, M. AU - Richardson AU - D.M AU - Barbour AU - M.G AU - Crawley AU - M.J AU - Hrusa AU - G.F AU - Moyle AU - P.B AU - Randall AU - J.M AU - Simberloff AU - D AU - Williamson AU - M LB - rejm02 PY - 2002 SP - 131-133 ST - Biological Invasions: Politics and the discontinuity of ecological terminology T2 - Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America TI - Biological Invasions: Politics and the discontinuity of ecological terminology VL - 83 ID - 2483 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rejmánek, M. AU - Richardson AU - D.M. AU - Barbour AU - M.G. AU - Crawley AU - M.J. AU - Hrusa AU - G.F. AU - Moyle AU - P.B. AU - Randall AU - J.M. AU - Simberloff AU - D. AU - Williamson AU - M. LB - rejm02 PY - 2002 SP - 131-133 ST - Biological Invasions: Politics and the discontinuity of ecological terminology T2 - Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America TI - Biological Invasions: Politics and the discontinuity of ecological terminology VL - 83 ID - 2484 ER - TY - JOUR AU - REMAUDIERE, G. PY - 1963 ST - Les Gastrophysa; Entomologie appliqué à l’agriculture, I. Coleoptères 2 T2 - Traité publié sous la direction de A.S., Balachowsky. TI - Les Gastrophysa; Entomologie appliqué à l’agriculture, I. Coleoptères 2 ID - 2485 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The heat wave of summer 2003 was the largest and the most persistent ever experienced in Central Europe and has fuelled concern about the effects of climate change on European ecosystems. Since forests constitute the most important European ecosystems, in this review article we assess current knowledge on the effects of heat and drought on key metabolic processes for growth and productivity of forest trees. In particular, the general consequences of heat and drought on (1) photosynthesis and respiration at the cellular and community level, and (2) on nutrient uptake, partitioning and competition for nutrients are summarized. The latter are a major sink for photosynthetic energy and, therefore, are indirectly but strongly connected to the performance of photosynthesis. In addition, the interaction of heat and drought with stress compensation mechanisms and emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) are discussed, since these processes are directly connected to carbon metabolism. Effects on the emission of BVOC are also included because they constitute an important feedback mechanism on ozone formation and, thus, on atmospheric pollution. As far as available, data collected during the 2003 heat wave are included and discussed. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart. AD - Institute of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Department of Tree Physiology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany CNR, Istituto di Biologia Agroambientale e Forestale, Via Salaria Km. 29 300, 00016 Monterotondo Scalo (Roma), Italy Forstbotanisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Rennenberg, H. Institute of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Department of Tree Physiology, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany email: heinz.rennenberg@ctp.uni-freiburg.de AU - Rennenberg, H. AU - Loreto, F. AU - Polle, A. AU - Brilli, F. AU - Fares, S. AU - Beniwal, R. S. AU - Gessler, A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1055/s-2006-924084 IS - 5 J2 - Plant Biol. 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IS - 2 PY - 1970 SP - 131 - 146 ST - Die Zucht von Gastroidea viridula Deg. (Col., Chrysomelidae) auf Blättern und Blattpulversubstraten von Rumex obtusifolius L. T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Die Zucht von Gastroidea viridula Deg. (Col., Chrysomelidae) auf Blättern und Blattpulversubstraten von Rumex obtusifolius L VL - 65 ID - 2487 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Practical decision making in spatially distributed environmental assessment and management is increasingly based on environmental process models linked to geographical information systems. Powerful personal computers and Internet-accessible assessment tools are providing much greater public access to, and use of, environmental models and geo-spatial data. However traditional process models, such as the water erosion prediction project (WEPP), were not typically developed with a flexible graphical user interface (GUI) for applications across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, utilizing readily available geo-spatial data of highly variable precision and accuracy, and communicating with a diverse spectrum of users with different levels of expertise. As the development of the geo-spatial interface for WEPP (GeoWEPP) demonstrates, the GUI plays a key role in facilitating effective communication between the tool developer and user about data and model scales. The GeoWEPP approach illustrates that it is critical to develop a scientific and functional framework for the design, implementation, and use of such geo-spatial model assessment tools. The way that GeoWEPP was developed and implemented suggests a framework and scaling theory leading to a practical approach for developing geo-spatial interfaces for process models. GeoWEPP accounts for fundamental water erosion processes, model, and users needs, but most important it also matches realistic data availability and environmental settings by enabling even non-GIS-literate users to assemble the available geo-spatial data quickly to start soil and water conservation planning. In general, it is potential users' spatial and temporal scales of interest, and scales of readily available data, that should drive model design or selection, as opposed to using or designing the most sophisticated process model as the starting point and then determining data needs and result scales. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AU - Renschler, Chris S. DO - 10.1002/hyp.1177 IS - 5 KW - process modelling scaling graphical user interface environmental assessment geographical information systems digital elevation model soil erosion PY - 2003 SN - 1099-1085 SP - 1005-1017 ST - Designing geo-spatial interfaces to scale process models: the GeoWEPP approach T2 - Hydrological Processes TI - Designing geo-spatial interfaces to scale process models: the GeoWEPP approach UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1177 VL - 17 ID - 2488 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Resh, V. H. AU - Brown, A. V. AU - Corvich, A. P. AU - Gurtz, M. E. AU - Li, H. W. AU - Minshall, G. W. AU - Reice, S. R. AU - Sheldon, A. L. AU - Wallace, J. B. AU - Wissmar, R. IS - 4 LB - resh88 PY - 1988 SP - 433-455 ST - The role of disturbance in stream ecology T2 - J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. Vol. TI - The role of disturbance in stream ecology VL - 7 ID - 2489 ER - TY - RPRT AB - This Policy Guidance is intended to assist regional authorities and other functional authorities in the regions of the European Union in formulating Regional Adaptation Strategies (RAS). The primary aim of this document is: • to provide a step-by-step process that will lead to a strategy for reducing regions’ vulnerability to climate variability and change • identifying and prioritising adaptation responses • where possible, integrating climate adaptation within a wider range of policies, plans and programmes The Guidance has been conceived as an entry point for absolute beginners, as well as a reference book for experienced practitioners. It draws on the experience of regional adaptation stakeholders on the ground. This has been achieved through the development of an inventory of regional adaptation strategies already developed in the EU Member States, a review of existing guidelines for the formulation of adaptation strategies within and outside the EU, a stakeholder workshop bringing together regional authorities and a review of information, datasets, tools, approaches and methodologies employed to develop adaptation responses. AU - RIBEIRO, M.M. AU - LOSENNO, C. AU - DWORAK, T. AU - MASSEY, E. AU - SWART, R. AU - BENZIE, M. AU - LAASER, C. KW - regional adaptation planning N1 - http://ecologic.eu/download/projekte/1900-1949/1926/RAS-Final-Report.pdf PB - European Commission PY - 2009 RP - http://ecologic.eu/download/projekte/1900-1949/1926/RAS-Final-Report.pdf ST - Design of guidelines for the elaboration of Regional Climate Change Adaptations Strategies T2 - Study for European Commission - DG Environment - Tender DG ENV. G.1/ETU/2008/0093r TI - Design of guidelines for the elaboration of Regional Climate Change Adaptations Strategies ID - 3540 ER - TY - GEN AU - Dear, Richard de CY - Sydney, Australia PY - 1999 ST - Adaptive Thermal Comfort in Natural and Hybrid Ventilation TI - Adaptive Thermal Comfort in Natural and Hybrid Ventilation ID - 2490 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Richards, Gordon R. LB - rich98a N1 - modelliert das klima ([delta]18O) der letzten 70 mio jahre; vergleicht ansätze; result.: u.a. das klima folgt dem CO2-forcing; phys. modelle besser als statistische; nicht lin. klimavariabilität über längere zeiträume parametrisierbar PY - 1998 SP - 583-594 ST - Identifying Irends In Climate: An Application To The Cenozoic T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Identifying Irends In Climate: An Application To The Cenozoic VL - 18 ID - 2491 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Richardson, C. W. LB - rich1981a PY - 1981 SP - 182--190 ST - Stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature and solar radiation T2 - Water Resources Research TI - Stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature and solar radiation VL - 17 ID - 2492 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Some alien tree species used in commercial forestry, and agroforestry cause major problems as invaders of natural and seminatural ecosystems. The magnitude of the problem has increased significantly over the past few, decades, with a rapid increase in afforestation and changes in land use. Trends can be explained by analyzing natural experiments created by the widespread planting of a small number of species in different parts of the world. The species that cause the greatest problems are general those that have been planted most widely and for the longest time. The most affected areas have the longest histories of intensive planting. Pinus spp. are especially problematic, and at least 19 species are invasive over large areas in the southern hemisphere, where some species cause major problems. The most invasive Pinus species have a predictable set of life-history, attributes, including low, seed mass, short juvenile period, and short interval between large seed crops. Pine invasions have severely, impacted large areas of grassland and scrub-brushland in the southern hemisphere by causing shifts in life-form dominance, reduced structural diversity, increased biomass, disruption of prevailing vegetation dynamics, and changing nutrient cycling patterns. The (unavoidable) negative impacts of forestry with alien species are thus spilling over into areas set aside for conservation or water production. There is an urgent need to integrate the various means available for reducing the negative impacts of current invaders and to implement protocols to regulate the translocation of species that are known to be invasive. AD - Institute for Plant Conservation, Botany Department, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa Richardson, D.M. Institute for Plant Conservation, Botany Department, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa email: rich@botzoo.uct.ac.za AU - Richardson, D. M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.96392.x IS - 1 J2 - Conserv. Biol. 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Shell International, and World Wide Fund for Nature, London; Binggeli, P., A taxonomic, biogeographical and ecological overview of invasive woody plants (1996) Journal of Vegetation Science, 7, pp. 121-124; Brown, J.M.B., Neustem, S.A., Natural regeneration of conifers in the British Isles (1972) Proceedings of the Third Conifer Conference, pp. 93-116. , Royal Horticultural Society, London; Carlowitz, P.G., Wolf, G.V., Kemperman, R.E.M., (1991) Multipurpose Tree and Shrub Database: An Information and Decision Support System. Version 1.0, , International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya; DeGroot, P., Turgeon, J., Insect-pine interactions (1998) Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus, pp. 354-380. , D. M. Richardson, editor. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Dye, P., Climate, forest and streamflow relationships in South African afforested catchments (1996) Commonwealth Forestry Review, 75, pp. 31-38; Fagg, C.W., Stewart, J.L., The value of Acacia and Prosopis in arid and semi-arid environments (1994) Journal of Arid Environments, 27, pp. 3-25; Frost, H.M., Terry, P.J., Bacon, P., A feasibility study into the creation of a database on weeds and invasive plant species (1996) Weeds in a Changing World. Symposium Proceedings No. 64, pp. 35-69. , C. H. Stirton, editor. British Crop Protection Committee, London; Geldenhuys, C.J., Costs and benefits of the Australian blackwood Acacia melanoxylon in South African forestry (1986) The Ecology and Management of Biological Invasions in Southern Africa, pp. 275-284. , I. A. W. Macdonald, F. J. Kruger, and A. A. Ferrar, editors. Oxford University Press, Cape Town; Harding, G.B., Bate, G.C., The occurrence of invasive Prosopis species in the north-western Cape, South Africa (1991) South African Journal of Science, 87, pp. 188-192; Higgins, S.I., Azorin, E.J., Cowling, R.M., Morris, M.J., A dynamic ecological-economic model as a tool for conflict resolution in an invasive alien plant, biological control and native plant scenario (1997) Ecological Economics, 22, pp. 141-154; Hughes, C.E., Risks of species introductions in tropical forestry (1994) Commonwealth Forestry Review, 73, pp. 243-252; Hughes, C.E., Protocols for plant introductions with particular reference to forestry: Changing perspectives on risks to biodiversity and economic development (1995) Weeds in a Changing World. Symposium Proceedings 64, pp. 15-32. , C. H. Stirton, editor. British Crop Protection Committee, London; Hughes, C.E., Styles, B.T., The benefits and risks of woody legume introductions (1989) Monographs in Systematic Botany of the Missouri Botanical Garden, 29, pp. 505-531; Huston, M., Biological diversity, soils, and economics (1993) Science, 262, pp. 1676-1680; Khurana, D.K., Khosla, P.K., Agroforestry for rural needs (1993) International Union of Forestry Research Organizations Workshop Proceedings, , Indian Society of Tree Scientists, Solan, India; Lavery, P.B., Mead, D.J., Pinus radiata: A narrow endemic of North America takes on the world (1998) Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus, pp. 432-449. , D. M. Richardson, editor. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Le Maitre, D.C., Pines in cultivation: A global view (1998) Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus, pp. 407-431. , D. M. Richardson, editor. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Le Maitre, D.C., Van Wilgen, B.W., Chapman, R.A., McKelly, D.H., Invasive plants and water resources in the Western Cape Province, South Africa: Modelling the consequences of a lack of management (1996) Journal of Applied Ecology, 33, pp. 161-172; Logic, M., ISO 14001: What it is & what it means to SAIE&ES (1996) Bulletin of the Southern African Institute of Ecologists & Environmental Scientists, 15 (3), pp. 5-7; Lopez-Upton, J., Donahue, J.K., Seed production of Pinus greggii Engelm. in natural stands in Mexico (1995) Tree Planter's Notes, 46. , USDA Forest Service, Washington, D.C; Mather, A., (1993) Afforestation. Policies, Planning and Progress, , Belhaven Press, London; Rejmánek, M., Richardson, D.M., What attributes make some plant species more invasive? (1996) Ecology, 77, pp. 1655-1661; Richardson, D.M., Forestry trees as alien invaders: The current situation and prospects for the future (1996) United Nations/Norway Conference on Alien Species, pp. 127-134. , O. T. Sandlund, P. J. Schei, and A. Viken, editors. Norwegian Ministry of Environment, Trondheim; Richardson, D.M., (1988) Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus, , Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Richardson, D.M., Higgins, S.I., Pines as invaders in the southern hemisphere (1998) Ecology and Biogeography of Pinus, pp. 450-473. , D. M. Richardson, editor. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Richardson, D.M., Cowling, R.M., Le Maitre, D.C., Assessing the risk of invasive success in Pinus and Banksia in South African mountain fynbos (1990) Journal of Vegetation Science, 1, pp. 629-642; Richardson, D.M., Williams, P.A., Hobbs, R.J., Pine invasions in the Southern Hemisphere: Determinants of spread and invadability (1994) Journal of Biogeography, 21, pp. 511-527; Ruskin, F.R., (1993) Neem: A Tree for Solving Global Problems, , National Academy Press, Washington, D.C; Spellerberg, I.F., Sawyer, J.W.D., Standards for biodiversity: A proposal based on biodiversity standards for forestry plantations (1996) Biodiversity and Conservation, 5, pp. 447-459; Tucker, K., Richardson, D.M., An expert system for screening potentially invasive alien plants in fynbos (1995) Journal of Environmental Management, 44, pp. 309-338; Van Wilgen, B.W., Cowling, R.M., Burgers, C.J., Valuation of ecosystem services (1996) BioScience, 46, pp. 184-189; Versfeld, D.B., Van Wilgen, B.W., Impact of woody aliens on ecosystem properties (1986) The Ecology and Management of Biological Invasions in Southern Africa, pp. 239-246. , I. A. W. Macdonald, F. J. Kruger, and A. A. Ferrar, editors. Oxford University Press, Cape Town; Zobel, B.J., Van Wyk, G., Stahl, P., (1987) Growing Exotic Forests, , John Wiley & Sons, New York PY - 1998 SN - 08888892 SP - 18-26 ST - Forestry trees as invasive aliens T2 - Conservation Biology TI - Forestry trees as invasive aliens UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031956717&partnerID=40&md5=4c7d1eb02b0090d7aa648038d5c43293 VL - 12 ID - 2493 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Richardson, D. M. AU - Pysek AU - P AU - Rejmánek AU - M AU - Barbour AU - M.G AU - Panetta AU - F.D AU - West AU - C.J LB - rich00 PY - 2000 SP - 93-107 ST - Naturalisation and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions T2 - Biodiv. Distr. TI - Naturalisation and invasion of alien plants: concepts and definitions VL - 6 ID - 2494 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Aim Woody plants were not widely considered to be important invasive alien species until fairly recently. Thousands of species of trees and shrubs have, however, been moved around the world. Many species have spread from planting sites, and some are now among the most widespread and damaging of invasive organisms. This article presents a global list of invasive alien trees and shrubs. It discusses taxonomic biases, geographical patterns, modes of dispersal, reasons for introductions and key issues regarding invasions of non-native woody plants around the world. Location Global. Methods An exhaustive survey was made of regional and national databases and the literature. Correspondence with botanists and ecologists and our own observations in many parts of the world expanded the list. Presence of invasive species was determined for each of 15 broad geographical regions. The main reasons for introduction and dissemination were determined for each species. Results The list comprises 622 species (357 trees, 265 shrubs in 29 plant orders, 78 families, 286 genera). Regions with the largest number of woody invasive alien species are: Australia (183); southern Africa (170); North America (163); Pacific Islands (147); and New Zealand (107). Species introduced for horticulture dominated the list (62% of species: 196 trees and 187 shrubs). The next most important reasons for introduction and dissemination were forestry (13%), food (10%) and agroforestry (7%). Three hundred and twenty-three species (52%) are currently known to be invasive in only one region, and another 126 (20%) occur in only two regions. Only 38 species (6%) are very widespread (invasive in six or more regions). Over 40% of invasive tree species and over 60% of invasive shrub species are bird dispersed. Main conclusions Only between 0.5% and 0.7% of the world's tree and shrub species are currently invasive outside their natural range, but woody plant invasions are rapidly increasing in importance around the world. The objectively compiled list of invasive species presented here provides a snapshot of the current dimensions of the phenomenon and will be useful for screening new introductions for invasive potential. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. AD - Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States Richardson, D.M. Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland 7602, South Africa email: rich@sun.ac.za AU - Richardson, D. M. AU - Rejmánek, M. 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Rejmánek) -, University of California Press, Berkeley; Rejmánek, M., Richardson, D.M., Higgins, S.I., Pitcairn, M.J., Grotkopp, E., Ecology of invasive plants - state of the art (2005) Invasive alien species: a new synthesis, pp. 104-161. , (ed. by H.A. Mooney, R.N. Mack, J.A. Mc Neely, L. Neville, P.J. Schei and J. Waage) -, Island Press, Washington, D.C; Richardson, D.M., Forestry trees as invasive aliens (1998) Conservation Biology, 12, pp. 18-26; Richardson, D.M., Pinus: a model group for unlocking the secrets of alien plant invasions? (2006) Preslia, 78, pp. 375-388; Richardson, D.M., Forestry and agroforestry (2011) Encyclopedia of biological invasions, pp. 241-248. , ed. by D. Simberloff and M. Rejmánek) -, University of California Press, Berkeley; Richardson, D.M., Trees and shrubs (2011) Encyclopedia of biological invasions, pp. 670-677. , ed. by D. Simberloff and M. Rejmánek) -, University of California Press, Berkeley; Richardson, D.M., Blanchard, R., Learning from our mistakes: minimizing problems with invasive biofuel plants (2011) Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 3, pp. 36-42; Richardson, D.M., Bond, W.J., Determinants of plant distribution: evidence from pine invasions (1991) American Naturalist, 137, pp. 639-668; Richardson, D.M., Petit, R., Pines as invasive aliens: outlook on transgenic pine plantations in the Southern Hemisphere (2005) Landscapes, genomics and transgenic conifers, pp. 169-188. , ed. by C.G. 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KW - Biological invasions Dispersal modes Invasive species Management Natural experiment Reasons for introduction Shrub invasions Tree invasions agroforestry biological invasion biological survey database dispersal dominance environmental assessment environmental management geographical distribution global perspective horticulture human activity invasive species population regulation species inventory woody plant Aves LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 43 CODEN: DIDIF PY - 2011 SN - 13669516 SP - 788-809 ST - Trees and shrubs as invasive alien species - a global review T2 - Diversity and Distributions TI - Trees and shrubs as invasive alien species - a global review UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79961133335&partnerID=40&md5=013a56f21028a6d2796ffe79258aac4e VL - 17 ID - 2495 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Richardson, D.M. AU - Pysek AU - P. AU - Rejmánek AU - M. AU - Barbour AU - M.G. AU - Panetta AU - F.D. AU - West AU - C.J. 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AU - Semenov, M.A. PY - 2005 SP - 77-97 ST - Modelling impacts of climate change on wheat yields in England and Wales: assessing drought risks T2 - Agricultural Systems TI - Modelling impacts of climate change on wheat yields in England and Wales: assessing drought risks VL - 84 ID - 2499 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rickenmann, D. IS - 11 PY - 1991 SP - 1419–1439 ST - Hyperconcentrated flow and sediment transport at steep slopes T2 - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering TI - Hyperconcentrated flow and sediment transport at steep slopes VL - 117 ID - 2500 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Rickenmann, D. AU - Ganahl, E. PY - 2003 ST - Extremereignisse: Ereignisbezogene Dokumentation - Prozesse Bergstürze, Hochwasser, Muren, Rutschungen und Lawinen TI - Extremereignisse: Ereignisbezogene Dokumentation - Prozesse Bergstürze, Hochwasser, Muren, Rutschungen und Lawinen UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 2501 ER - TY - JOUR AU - RIECKMANN, W. IS - 4 PY - 2000 SP - 148-153 ST - Ohne Blattläuse kein Y-Virus T2 - Kartoffelbau TI - Ohne Blattläuse kein Y-Virus VL - 51 ID - 2502 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Rieger, D. CY - München NV - 51 PB - Geobuch-Verlag PY - 1999 SN - 3-925308-73-3 SP - 149 ST - Bewertung der naturräumlichen Rahmenbedingungen für die Entstehung von Hangmuren. Möglichkeiten zur Modellierung des Murpotentials T2 - Münchner Geographische Abhandlungen TI - Bewertung der naturräumlichen Rahmenbedingungen für die Entstehung von Hangmuren. Möglichkeiten zur Modellierung des Murpotentials VL - Reihe A ID - 2503 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rietveld, M. R. LB - riet78a PY - 1978 SP - 243-252 ST - A new method for estimating the regression coefficients in the formula relating solar radiation to sunshine. T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - A new method for estimating the regression coefficients in the formula relating solar radiation to sunshine VL - 19 ID - 2504 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Riis, N. LB - riis91 PY - 1991 SP - 243 ST - A field study of survival, growth, biomass and temperature dependence of Rana dalmatina and Rana temporaria larvae T2 - Amphibia-Reptilia, Leiden TI - A field study of survival, growth, biomass and temperature dependence of Rana dalmatina and Rana temporaria larvae VL - 12 ID - 2505 ER - TY - THES A3 - Eitzinger, Prof. AU - RISCHBECK, P. CY - Vienna PB - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna PY - 2007 SP - 155 ST - Der Einfluss von Klimaänderung, Bodenbearbeitung und Saattermin auf den Wasserhaushalt und das Ertragspotential von Getreide im Marchfeld T2 - Departement of Water, Atmosphere and Environment TI - Der Einfluss von Klimaänderung, Bodenbearbeitung und Saattermin auf den Wasserhaushalt und das Ertragspotential von Getreide im Marchfeld VL - Dr. ID - 2506 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Der Sommer 2003 in Europa hat gezeigt, wie belastend sich Hitze auf den menschlichen Organismus auswirken kann. Zwei Beiträge im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 24/2004 haben dies durch Beobachtungen zu ungeklärten Todesfällen bei Senioren im August 2003 und durch Empfehlungen einer Expertenkommission zum Thema „Hitzetote“ in Erinnerung gerufen. Nach Einschätzung des von der World Meteorological Organization (WMO) und dem United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) eingerichteten Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) ist „sehr wahrscheinlich“ im 21. Jahrhundert häufiger mit hohen Maximaltemperaturen und heißen Tagen zu rechnen, als dies in den vergangenen Jahrhunderten der Fall war. Danach hat bereits eine Veränderung des Klimas eingesetzt, in deren Folge sowohl die Intensität als auch die Häufigkeit extremer Wetterereignisse wie Überschwemmungen, Stürme, Hitzewellen und Kälteeinbrüche in Zukunft zunehmen können. Beispiele hierfür aus der jüngsten Vergangenheit sind Sturmereignisse wie „Vivian“ und „Wiebke“ (1990) sowie „Lothar“ (1999); extreme Hochwasserereignisse an Rhein und Mosel (1993 und 1995) sowie an Donau, Elbe, Moldau, Inn und Salzach (2002) und der Hitzesommer 2003. Deutliche Parallelen zeigen sich, wenn man die Häufigkeitsverteilung des Tagesmaximums der Lufttemperatur im Sommer 2003 mit den mittels Klimamodellen für das Ende dieses Jahrhunderts prognostizierten Werten vergleicht. AU - Institut, Robert Koch PY - 2004 SN - ISSN 1430-0265 (Druck) ISSN 1430-1172 (Fax) SP - 200-201 ST - Hitzewellen und extreme Klimaereignisse – Herausforderungen für das Gesundheitswesen T2 - Epidemiologisches Bulletin TI - Hitzewellen und extreme Klimaereignisse – Herausforderungen für das Gesundheitswesen VL - 25 ID - 2507 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Robinson, C. AU - T AU - Uehlinger AU - U AU - Hieber AU - M LB - robi01 PY - 2001 SP - 1663-1672 ST - Spatio-temporal variation in macroinvertebrate assemblages of glacial streams in Swiss Alps T2 - Freshwater Biology TI - Spatio-temporal variation in macroinvertebrate assemblages of glacial streams in Swiss Alps VL - 46 ID - 2508 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Robinson, C. AU - T. AU - Uehlinger AU - U. AU - Hieber AU - M. LB - robi01 PY - 2001 SP - 1663-1672 ST - Spatio-temporal variation in macroinvertebrate assemblages of glacial streams in Swiss Alps T2 - Freshwater Biology TI - Spatio-temporal variation in macroinvertebrate assemblages of glacial streams in Swiss Alps VL - 46 ID - 2509 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rochette, P. AU - Gregorich, E. G. AU - Desjardins, R. L. DA - 2014/01/23 IS - 4 J2 - Can. J. Soil. Sci. N1 - doi: 10.4141/cjss92-050 0008-4271 PY - 1992 SP - 605-609 ST - Comparison of static and dynamic closed chambers for measurement of soil respiration under field conditions T2 - Canadian Journal of Soil Science TI - Comparison of static and dynamic closed chambers for measurement of soil respiration under field conditions UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss92-050 VL - 72 ID - 3372 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The present study aimed to investigate how the heat-related increase in deaths in summer and the extent of mortality displacement depend on influenza and other categories of mortality in the previous winter, which when low leaves a greater pool of susceptible individuals.Mortality data from Stockholm, Sweden, from 1990–2002 were stratified into a summer period and a winter period. A Poisson regression model was established for the daily mortality in the summer, with temperature and confounders as explanatory variables. In addition, indicators of total, respiratory, cardiovascular and influenza mortality of the winter period were incorporated as effect modifiers in the summer model, and lagged effects in strata defined by indicators were studied.A high rate of respiratory as well as cardiovascular mortality in winter reduced the heat effect the following summer, and influenza mortality tended to do so as well. The cumulative effect per °C increase was 0.95% below and 0.89% above a threshold (21.3°C) after a winter with low cardiovascular and respiratory mortality, but -0.23% below and 0.21% above the threshold after a winter with high cardiovascular and respiratory mortality.The current study shows that high respiratory, cardiovascular and influenza mortality in winter leads to lower temperature effects in the following summer. It also suggests that persons for whom influenza may be fatal are often also susceptible to heat and this subgroup might, therefore, not benefit as much as expected from influenza vaccinations. AU - Rocklöv, J. AU - Forsberg, B. AU - Meister, K. DA - February 1, 2009 DO - 10.1183/09031936.00037808 IS - 2 PY - 2009 SP - 245-251 ST - Winter mortality modifies the heat-mortality association the following summer T2 - European Respiratory Journal TI - Winter mortality modifies the heat-mortality association the following summer UR - http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/33/2/245.abstract VL - 33 ID - 2510 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Most models designed to simulate carbon and nitrogen transformations in the soil have defined functions to describe the effects of temperature and water content on microbial processes. These functions are normally derived from soil incubation studies, but they could be one of the main differences among models, and their specific effect has yet to be studied. We have analysed different functions describing the effects of soil moisture, temperature and their interaction on microbial processes reported in the literature. Evolution of temperature (fT) and moisture (gΨ) functions applied to N mineralisation in nine C–N simulation models (soiln, mathild, sundial, tritsim, daisy, nleap, ncsoil, cantis and Kersbaum's), representing a wide range of those reviewed, were compared by using a daily data set of soil temperature (T) and water potential (Ψ) obtained in the field in Northern France. Comparison between fT and gΨ was realised using a common values of `reference' temperature and moisture (Tref and Ψref), values at which fT and gΨ are equal to 1 in all models. Large differences were observed among proposed fT, especially when Tref=35°C, which is much higher than the average temperature of data set examined (T=11°C). In this case, maximal relative differences between fT functions of studied models were around 325%. The gΨ functions reached similar maximum values at soil moisture near field capacity, except for nleap and ncsoil models. In the dry range of soil moisture, the relative differences in gΨ become higher. The combined effect of temperature and moisture product, fT·gΨ, varied by a five-fold factor between models for Tref=35°C and Ψref=−50 kPa. AU - Rodrigo, Alfredo AU - Recous, Sylvie AU - Neel, Catherine AU - Mary, Bruno IS - 2-3 KW - Temperature Moisture Nitrogen Carbon Mineralisation Models N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0304-3800(97)00067-7 PY - 1997 SN - 0304-3800 SP - 325-339 ST - Modelling temperature and moisture effects on C–N transformations in soils: comparison of nine models T2 - Ecological Modelling TI - Modelling temperature and moisture effects on C–N transformations in soils: comparison of nine models UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380097000677 VL - 102 ID - 2511 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rodríguez-Trelles, F. AU - M.A, Rodríguez LB - rodr98 PY - 1998 SP - 829-838 ST - Rapid micro-evolution and loss of chromosomal diversity in Drosophila in response to climate warming T2 - Evolutionary Ecology TI - Rapid micro-evolution and loss of chromosomal diversity in Drosophila in response to climate warming VL - 12 ID - 2512 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ROECKNER PY - 2005 ST - IPCC DDC AR4 ECHAM5/MPI-OM. http://cera-www.dkrz.de/ TI - IPCC DDC AR4 ECHAM5/MPI-OM. http://cera-www.dkrz.de ID - 2513 ER - TY - DBASE AU - Roeckner PY - 2005 TI - IPCC DDC AR4 ECHAM5/MPI-OM UR - http://cera-www.dkrz.de ID - 2514 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roeckner, E. LB - roec98 PY - 1998 SP - 21 ST - Veränderung der allgemeinen Zirkulation der Atmosphäre T2 - LOZÁN, J. L., GRAßL, H., HUPFER, P., (Hrsg.), Warnsignal Klima. Wissenschaftliche Fakten. Hamburg TI - Veränderung der allgemeinen Zirkulation der Atmosphäre ID - 2515 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Meteorology, Max Planck Institute for AU - Roeckner, E., Coauthors CY - MPI for Meteorology, Bundesstr. 53, 20146 Hamburg, Germany PY - 2003 SP - 127 ST - The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM5. Part I: Model description. TI - The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM5. Part I: Model description ID - 3605 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Roeckner, E., G. Baeuml, L. Bonaventura, R. Brokopf, M. Esch, M. Giorgetta, S. Hagemann, I. Kirchner, L. Kornblueh, E. Manzini, A. Rhodin, U. Schlese, U. Schulzweida, A. Tompkins CY - Hamburg ET - Report 349 M1 - Report 349 PB - Max Planck Institute for Meteorology PY - 2003 ST - The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM5. Part 1: Model description TI - The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM5. Part 1: Model description ID - 2516 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roeckner, E. AU - Brokopf, R. AU - Esch, M. AU - Giorgetta, M. AU - Hagemann, S. AU - Kornblueh, L. AU - Manzini, E. AU - Schlese, U. AU - Schulzweida, U. DA - 2011/09/05 DO - doi 10.1175/JCLI3824.1 10.1175/JCLI3824.1 IS - 16 N1 - doi: 10.1175/JCLI3824.1 PY - 2006 SN - 0894-8755 SP - 3771-3791 ST - Sensitivity of Simulated Climate to Horizontal and Vertical Resolution in the ECHAM5 Atmosphere Model T2 - Journal of Climate TI - Sensitivity of Simulated Climate to Horizontal and Vertical Resolution in the ECHAM5 Atmosphere Model UR - http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/abs/10.1175/JCLI3824.1 VL - 19 ID - 2517 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roeckner, E. AU - Oberhuber, J. AU - Bacher, A. AU - Christoph, M. AU - Kirchner, I. LB - roeckner1996 PY - 1996 SP - 737-745 ST - ENSO varability and atmospheric response in a global coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM T2 - climatedyn TI - ENSO varability and atmospheric response in a global coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM VL - 12 ID - 2518 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rogers, D. J. AU - S.E, Randolph LB - roge00 PY - 2000 SP - 1763-1766 ST - The global spread of malaria in a future, warmer world T2 - Science TI - The global spread of malaria in a future, warmer world VL - 28 ID - 2519 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - (Ed.), D.S. Gochman AU - Rogers, R.W. AU - Prentice-Dunn, S. CY - New York PB - NY: Plenum PY - 1997 SP - 113-132 ST - Protection motivation theory T2 - Handbook of health behaviour research. I: Personal and social determinants TI - Protection motivation theory ID - 2520 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rohrbach, B. W. PY - 1988 SP - 428-432 ST - Tularemia. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. T2 - J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. TI - Tularemia VL - 193 ID - 2521 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rohrbach, B. W. PY - 1988 SP - 193, 428-432. ST - Tularemia. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. TI - Tularemia. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc ID - 2522 ER - TY - CPAPER AU - RÖHRICHT, C. CY - Bernburg PY - 2006 T2 - Mitteldeutscher Bioenergietag TI - Miscanthus – Eine alternative Energiepflanze: Ergebnisse aus Anbauversuchen ID - 2523 ER - TY - WEB AU - RÖHRICHT, C. AU - KIESEWALTER, S. M1 - 28.03.2009 PB - Sächsische Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft PY - 2008 ST - Anbau und Ernte schnellwachsender Baumarten im Kurzumtrieb – Versuchsergebnisse TI - Anbau und Ernte schnellwachsender Baumarten im Kurzumtrieb – Versuchsergebnisse UR - http://www.landwirtschaft.sachsen.de/lfl/publikationen/download/3476_1.pdf ID - 2524 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Reports on an ongoing research program broadly concerned with the relations existing among values, attitudes, and behavior. Conceptual distinctions are drawn between attitudes and values, instrumental and terminal values, and values and value systems. Various kinds of data are presented concerning the reliability of the measurement of instrumental and terminal value systems, the relation between values and attitudes, and between values and behavior. Some experimenal data are presented which suggest that enduring changes in important values and attitudes are possible as a result of inducing certain kinds of inconsistent relations within the value-attitude system. (35 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved) AU - Rokeach, Milton DO - 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb01466.x IS - 1 KW - *Attitudes *Behavior Values PY - 1968 SN - 1540-4560(Electronic);0022-4537(Print) SP - 13-33 ST - A theory of organization and change within value-attitude systems T2 - Journal of Social Issues TI - A theory of organization and change within value-attitude systems VL - 24 ID - 3541 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roller, M. LB - roll61 PY - 1961 SP - 207-214 ST - Die Phänologie des Marchfeldes nach Beobachtungen aus 1928 bis 1960 T2 - Wetter und Leben, Jg TI - Die Phänologie des Marchfeldes nach Beobachtungen aus 1928 bis 1960 VL - 13 ID - 2525 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roller, M. LB - roll63 PY - 1963 SP - 1-12 ST - Duchschnittswerte phänologischer Phasen aus dem Zeitraum 1946-1960 für 103 Orte Österreichs T2 - Wetter und Leben, Jg TI - Duchschnittswerte phänologischer Phasen aus dem Zeitraum 1946-1960 für 103 Orte Österreichs VL - 15 ID - 2526 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roller, M. LB - roll67 PY - 1967 SP - 14.-17.9.1966 ST - Klimatische Probleme des Almauf- und abtriebs des Weideviehs in den Ostalpenländern T2 - 9. Internationale Tagung für Alpine Meteorologie in Brig und Zermatt, 14.-17.9.1966. Veröffentlichungen der Schweizerischen Meteorologischen Zentralanstalt. TI - Klimatische Probleme des Almauf- und abtriebs des Weideviehs in den Ostalpenländern VL - 9 ID - 2527 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roller, M. LB - roll70 PY - 1970 SP - 1 ST - Die jahreszeitliche Entwicklung der Pflanzen- und Tierwelt als Klimazeiger (Phänologie 1928-1966) T2 - Naturgeschichte Wiens TI - Die jahreszeitliche Entwicklung der Pflanzen- und Tierwelt als Klimazeiger (Phänologie 1928-1966) ID - 2528 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roller, M. LB - roll80 PY - 1980 SP - D57-D69 ST - Neue Normalwerte der Höhenabhängigkeit phänologischer Phasen in den Ostalpen T2 - Anhang TI - Neue Normalwerte der Höhenabhängigkeit phänologischer Phasen in den Ostalpen VL - 6 ID - 2529 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - BdB AU - Roloff, A. AU - Gillner, S. CY - Bonn PY - 2007 ST - Gehölzartenwahl im urbanen Raum unter dem Aspekt des Klimawandels T2 - Forschungsstudien: Klimawandel und Gehölze TI - Gehölzartenwahl im urbanen Raum unter dem Aspekt des Klimawandels ID - 2530 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Römp LB - roem93a PB - verlag PY - 1993 ST - Chemie TI - Chemie ID - 2531 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Römp LB - roem93a PB - verlag PY - 1993 ST - Chemie TI - Chemie ID - 2532 ER - TY - WEB AU - Roosevelt, M. M1 - 3.6.2011 PY - 2008 UR - http://articles.latimes.com/2008/sep/10/local/me-roofs10 ID - 2533 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Root, T. L. AU - Price, J. T. AU - Hall, K. R. AU - Schneider, St AU - Rosenzweig, C. AU - Pounds, A. LB - root03 PY - 2003 SP - 57-60 ST - Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants T2 - Nature TI - Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants VL - 42 ID - 2534 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Due to the expected increases of number and intensity of summer droughts in Central Europe the identification of drought tolerant ecotypes becomes more important in future forestry. A common garden experiment with seedlings of Fagus sylvatica provenances from the center (Germany) and eastern margin (Poland) of the species’ distribution range was conducted. Responses of morphological, physiological, chemical and growth parameters to three drought treatments were analyzed. Relative growth rates of the marginal provenance were lower as compared to the central provenance. The marginal seedlings showed a tendency to higher total biomasses because of higher seed masses. In both provenances drought decreased biomass production and root/shoot ratio which was lower in the central provenance. A lower specific root area of the marginal provenance indicated a better adaptation to low xylem water potentials. Under moderate drought, lower leaf δ13C signatures may indicate lower stomatal limitation (or a reduced rate of CO2 assimilation) in the marginal provenance. We conclude that marginal beech provenances may exhibit a better drought adaptation. AU - Rose, Laura AU - Leuschner, Christoph AU - Köckemann, Benjamin AU - Buschmann, Holger DO - 10.1007/s10342-009-0268-4 IS - 4 KW - Fagus sylvatica Drought Root/shoot ratio Seedlings RGR δ13C LA - English N1 - Eur J Forest Res PY - 2009 SN - 1612-4669 SP - 335-343 ST - Are marginal beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances a source for drought tolerant ecotypes? T2 - European Journal of Forest Research TI - Are marginal beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances a source for drought tolerant ecotypes? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10342-009-0268-4 VL - 128 ID - 2535 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rosenkranz, F. LB - rose40 PY - 1940 SP - 2 ST - Zehn Jahre Phänologie im Lande Österreich T2 - Reichsamt für Wetterdienst, Wiss. Abh. TI - Zehn Jahre Phänologie im Lande Österreich VL - 7 ID - 2536 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Rosenzweig, C. AU - Solecki, W.D. AU - Slosberg, R. PY - 2006 ST - Mitigating New York City’s Heat Island with Urban Forestry, Living Roofs, and Light Surfaces. A report to the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority TI - Mitigating New York City’s Heat Island with Urban Forestry, Living Roofs, and Light Surfaces. A report to the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority UR - http://www.nyserda.org/programs/Environment/EMEP/project/6681_25/6681_25_pwp.asp Y2 - 24.5.2011 ID - 2537 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rosner, S. AU - Führer AU - E LB - rosn96 PY - 1996 SP - 230 ST - Zur Überwinterungsstrategie der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe, Pristiphora abietina Christ T2 - (Hym., Tenthredinidae). J.Appl.Ent. TI - Zur Überwinterungsstrategie der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe, Pristiphora abietina Christ VL - 22 ID - 2538 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rosner, S. AU - Führer AU - E. LB - rosn96 PY - 1996 SP - 230 ST - Zur Überwinterungsstrategie der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe, Pristiphora abietina Christ T2 - (Hym., Tenthredinidae). J.Appl.Ent. TI - Zur Überwinterungsstrategie der Kleinen Fichtenblattwespe, Pristiphora abietina Christ VL - 22 ID - 2539 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Simulated temperature and precipitation changes over western Europe for a scenario of doubled atmospheric concentrations of CO2 are presented. The simulations are performed using a Limited Area Model LAM (RegCM2) nested into a General Circulation Model (ECHAM3). Both model components are operated at very high spatial resolutions - approximately 120 km for the GCM and 20 km for the LAM; the LAM domain encompasses a region of 1100 ×1100km squared. Climatologies for five January and five July periods have been simulated. Average surface (2 m) temperatures are found to increase by 1.4 K in winter (January) and 3.9 K in summer (July); this latter figure is, however, largely dependent on a positive bias in the summer temperature fields of the driving GCM. Average precipitation changes are generally small in absolute values, but exhibit considerable spatial variability. Large precipitation amounts are seen to be shifted towards higher elevations with a corresponding reduction in the 'upwind' areas. The results are discussed taking into account the 'predictive skill' of the modelling system, which is derived from comparing the simulated present day temperature and precipitation fields to the corresponding climatological information. A method is introduced to assess the reliability of climate scenario predictions - such as those discussed here-on the basis of this predictive skill. AD - Swiss Fed. Institute of Technology, GIETH Zürich, Switzerland Natl. Ctr. for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States Swiss Fed. Institute of Technology, GIETH, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland Natl. Ctr. for Atmospheric Research, Boulder CO, United States Rotach, M.W. Swiss Fed. Institute of Technology, GIETH Zürich, Switzerland AU - Rotach, M. W. AU - Marinucci, M. R. AU - Wild, M. AU - Tschuck, P. AU - Ohmura, A. AU - Beniston, M. DB - Scopus IS - 3-4 J2 - Theor. Appl. Climatol. KW - climate change greenhouse forcing Europe, Alps LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 20 References: Beniston, M., (1994) Mountain Environments in Changing Climate, 492p. , London, New York: Routledge; Beniston, M., Rebetez, M., Giorgi, F., Marinucci, M.R., Features of regional climate in Switzerland (1994) Theor. Appl. 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Atmos., 53, pp. 147-166 PY - 1997 SN - 0177798X SP - 209-227 ST - Nested regional simulation of climate change over the alps for the scenario of a doubled greenhouse forcing T2 - Theoretical and Applied Climatology TI - Nested regional simulation of climate change over the alps for the scenario of a doubled greenhouse forcing UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0031408879&partnerID=40&md5=6048b6c0dddafcc050fb6ccdfec2ac53 VL - 57 ID - 2540 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - KONOLD, W. A2 - BÖCKER, R. A2 - HAMPICKE, U. AU - ROTH, D. AU - BERGER, W. CY - Landsberg PY - 1999 ST - Kosten der Landschaftspflege im Agrarraum T2 - Handbuch Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege TI - Kosten der Landschaftspflege im Agrarraum ID - 2541 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roth, S. AU - Lindroth AU - R.L AU - Volin AU - J.C AU - Kruger AU - E.L LB - roth98 PY - 1998 SP - 419-430 ST - Enriched atmmospheric CO2 and defoliation: effects of tree chemistry and insect performance T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Enriched atmmospheric CO2 and defoliation: effects of tree chemistry and insect performance VL - 4 ID - 2542 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roth, S. AU - Lindroth AU - R.L. AU - Volin AU - J.C. AU - Kruger AU - E.L. LB - roth98 PY - 1998 SP - 419-430 ST - Enriched atmmospheric CO2 and defoliation: effects of tree chemistry and insect performance T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Enriched atmmospheric CO2 and defoliation: effects of tree chemistry and insect performance VL - 4 ID - 2543 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rötzer, T. AU - Chmielewski, F. M. LB - roet01 PY - 2001 SP - 249-257 ST - Phenological Maps of Europe T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Phenological Maps of Europe VL - 18 ID - 2544 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rötzer, T. AU - Chmielewski, F.-M. LB - roet01 PY - 2001 SP - 249-257 ST - Phenological Maps of Europe T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Phenological Maps of Europe VL - 18 ID - 2545 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract. The spatial distribution of agricultural grassland in England and Wales has been assessed using a land evaluation model applied to information describing soils, climate and topography on a 5 × 5 km grid. The model calculates land suitability for grassland from assessments of trafficability/poaching risk and yield class. The spatial distribution of agricultural grassland was modelled for a 30 year climatic baseline (1941–1970) and for incremental changes in temperature and proportional changes in precipitation relative to that baseline. Model estimates for the current distribution of grassland suitability agree well with observed data of actual grassland distribution. The best suited land occurs in south west England, Wales, the Welsh borders and Cheshire with fragmented areas of well suited land in north west England and on the Pens and Humberhead levels. The climatic sensitivity analysis suggests that grassland production in England and Wales is resilient to small perturbations in mean temperature (up to +2°C) and precipitation (±10%). The effect of increasing temperature by 1°C is almost completely offset by precipitation increases of 10% resulting in little change to the distribution of grassland suitability. However, greater temperature changes (+ 4°C) have a major influence on the ability of land to support intensively managed grassland because of increased drought stress. Results indicate that a change in the climate comparable with current best estimates for the future would benefit grassland on good quality land at higher altitudes. AU - Rounsevell, M. D. A. AU - Brignall, A. P. AU - Siddons, P. A. DO - 10.1111/j.1475-2743.1996.tb00528.x IS - 1 KW - Climatic change agriculture grasslands England Wales models land suitability PY - 1996 SN - 1475-2743 SP - 44-51 ST - Potential climate change effects on the distribution of agricultural grassland in England and Wales T2 - Soil Use and Management TI - Potential climate change effects on the distribution of agricultural grassland in England and Wales UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1996.tb00528.x VL - 12 ID - 2546 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization (0-150 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ since 1865) and pH (3.3-7.4) on fungal and bacterial growth, biomass and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition were investigated in grassland soils from the 'Park Grass Experiment', Rothamsted Research, UK. Bacterial growth decreased and fungal growth increased with lower pH, resulting in a 50-fold increase in the relative importance of fungi between pH 7.4 and 3.3. The PLFA-based fungal:bacterial biomass ratio was unchanged between pH 4.5 and 7.4, and decreased only below pH 4.5. Respiration and substrate-induced respiration biomass both decreased three- to fourfold with lower pH, but biomass concentrations estimated using PLFAs were unaffected by pH. N fertilization did not affect bacterial growth and marginally affected fungal growth while PLFA biomass marker concentrations were all reduced by higher N additions. Respiration decreased with higher N application, suggesting a reduced quality of the soil organic carbon. The PLFA composition was strongly affected by both pH and N. A comparison with a pH gradient in arable soil allowed us to generalize the pH effect between systems. There are 30-50-fold increases in the relative importance of fungi between high (7.4-8.3) and low (3.3-4.5) pH with concomitant reductions of respiration by 30-70%. AU - Rousk, J. AU - Brookes, P.C. AU - Baath, E. DO - 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.01032 PY - 2011 SP - 89–99 ST - Fungal and bacterial growth responses to N fertilizationand pH in the150-year ‘Park Grass’UK grassland experiment T2 - FEMS Microbiol Ecology TI - Fungal and bacterial growth responses to N fertilizationand pH in the150-year ‘Park Grass’UK grassland experiment VL - 76 ID - 3453 ER - TY - GEN AU - Rowe, David AU - Dinh, Cong Truc CY - Sydney, Australia PY - 1999 ST - Experience with Occupant Control of Supplementary Cooling in a Naturally Ventilated Environment: Some Preliminary Results from Work in Progress TI - Experience with Occupant Control of Supplementary Cooling in a Naturally Ventilated Environment: Some Preliminary Results from Work in Progress ID - 2547 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roy, D. B. AU - Asher, J. LB - roy03 PY - 2003 SP - 188-192 ST - Spatial trends in the sighting dates of British butterflies T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - Spatial trends in the sighting dates of British butterflies VL - 47 ID - 2548 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Roy, D. B. AU - Sparks, T. H. LB - roy00 PY - 2000 SP - 407-416 ST - Phenology of British butterflies and climate change T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Phenology of British butterflies and climate change VL - 6 ID - 2549 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rubel, Franz LB - rube1996af PY - 1996 SP - 1--95 ST - PIDCAP Quick Look Precipitation Atlas T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - PIDCAP Quick Look Precipitation Atlas VL - 15 ID - 2550 ER - TY - BOOK AU - RÜCK, F. AU - von DRESSLER, H. AU - HÖKE, S. AU - ROLF, M. AU - THIERER, K. AU - DAVID, S. AU - SCHNEIDER, J. PY - 2009 ST - Funktionsbewertung urbaner Böden und planerische Umsetzung im Rahmen kommunaler Flächenschutzkonzeptionen T2 - Endbericht des gleichnamigen BMBF-Vorhabens. Fachhochschule Osnabrück Fakultät Agrarwissenschaften und Landschaftsarchitektur TI - Funktionsbewertung urbaner Böden und planerische Umsetzung im Rahmen kommunaler Flächenschutzkonzeptionen UR - https://www.fh-osnabrueck.de/fh/fileadmin/users/417/upload/Druckerversion_Fachbericht_Funktionsbewertung_urbaner_Boeden.pdf (am 28.02.2013 nicht mehr verfügbar) ID - 2551 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - FRERICHS, S. A2 - LIEBER, M. A2 - (Hrsg.), PREUSS T. AU - RÜCK, F. AU - von DRESSLER, H. AU - HÖKE, S. AU - ROLF, M. AU - THIERER, K. AU - SCHNEIDER, J. AU - DAVID, S.: CY - Berlin DO - 978-3-88118-444-1 PB - Deutsches Institut für Urbanistik GmbH (Difu) PY - 2010 SP - 258 ST - Funktionsbewertung urbaner Böden T2 - Flächen- und Standortbewertung für ein nachhaltiges Flächenmanagement – Methoden und Konzepte TI - Funktionsbewertung urbaner Böden UR - http://www.difu.de/publikationen/2010/flaechen-und-standortbewertung-fuer-ein-nachhaltiges.html (abgerufen am 28.02.2013) ID - 2552 ER - TY - GEN AU - Rückversicherungsverband, Interkantonaler LB - interkantonaler2003 PB - http://www.irv.ch PY - 2003 ID - 2553 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rudel, E. AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Koch, E. PY - 2005 SE - 32-44 ST - Potential increase of heat load on humans in a changing climate T2 - World Resource Review TI - Potential increase of heat load on humans in a changing climate VL - 17 ID - 2554 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Rudel, E. AU - Nefzger, H. AU - Schunder-Tatzber, S. AU - Marktl, W. AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Koch, E. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Hopp, H. AU - Modl, A. AU - Zygmuntowsky, M. PY - 2004 ST - Austrian Climate and Health Tourism Initiative (ACTIVE). Kurzfassung. Studie vom Institut für Meteorologie, Department für Wasser-Atmosphäre-Umwelt, Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien. In Zusammenarbeit mit Abteilung Klimatologie, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Wien, Meteorologisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Institut für Physiologie, Universität Wien. Im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Arbeit. TI - Austrian Climate and Health Tourism Initiative (ACTIVE). Kurzfassung. Studie vom Institut für Meteorologie, Department für Wasser-Atmosphäre-Umwelt, Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien. In Zusammenarbeit mit Abteilung Klimatologie, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, Wien, Meteorologisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Institut für Physiologie, Universität Wien. Im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft und Arbeit. ID - 2555 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rudolf, B. AU - Simmer, C. LB - rudolf2002 PY - 2002 ST - Niederschlag, Starkregen und Hochwasser T2 - Wissenschaftliche Mitteilungen aus dem Institut für Meteorologie der Universität Leipzig TI - Niederschlag, Starkregen und Hochwasser ID - 2556 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Rudolf-Miklau, Florian CY - Wien PB - LexisNexis-Verl. ARD Orac PY - 2009 SN - 978-3-7007-4109-1 SP - XXXII, 252 S. ST - Naturgefahren-Management in Österreich Vorsorge - Bewältigung - Information T2 - Orac kompakt TI - Naturgefahren-Management in Österreich Vorsorge - Bewältigung - Information UR - http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3173259&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm UR - http://media.obvsg.at/AC07093553-1001 ID - 3650 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Two cats with Leishmania species infections were investigated. The first had been imported from Spain with a non-healing, ulcerated nodule on a hindleg. The presence of Leishmania species was detected by histopathology and PCR on samples of skin. The lesion was unresponsive to treatment with allopurinol for three months but the cat was treated successfully by removing the lesion surgically. The second cat had lived in both Spain and Switzerland, and had a history of recurrent skin lesions on its head and neck. A diagnosis of pemphigus foliaceus was made on the basis of histopathology, but Leishmania species serology (ELISA) and PCR of skin were positive, leading to a diagnosis of a Leishmania species infection combined with pemphigus foliaceus. AU - Rüfenacht, S. AU - Sager, H. AU - Müller, N. AU - Schaerer, V. AU - Heier, A. AU - Welle, M. M. AU - Roosje, P. J. DA - April 23, 2005 DO - 10.1136/vr.156.17.542 IS - 17 PY - 2005 SP - 542-545 ST - Two cases of feline leishmaniosis in Switzerland T2 - Veterinary Record TI - Two cases of feline leishmaniosis in Switzerland UR - http://veterinaryrecord.bmj.com/content/156/17/542.abstract VL - 156 ID - 2557 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Ruff, M. CY - Karlsruhe PB - Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe PY - 2005 SP - 148 ST - GIS-gestütze Risikoanalyse für Rutschungen und Felsstürze in den Ostalpen (Vorarlberg, Österreich). TI - GIS-gestütze Risikoanalyse für Rutschungen und Felsstürze in den Ostalpen (Vorarlberg, Österreich). ID - 2558 ER - TY - GEN AU - Rusch, S. AU - Hagedorn, F. AU - Zimmermann, S. AU - P., Lüscher CY - Zürich PB - Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research (WSL) and Swiss Federal Office for the Environment PY - 2009 ST - Bodenkohlenstoff nach Windwurf - eine CO2-Quelle? TI - Bodenkohlenstoff nach Windwurf - eine CO2-Quelle? ID - 3454 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Rutherford, T. CY - Boulder PB - University of Colorado PY - 1998 ST - Economic Equilibrium Modeling with GAMS: An Introduction to GAMS/MCP and GAMS/MPSGE T2 - Economics Working Paper TI - Economic Equilibrium Modeling with GAMS: An Introduction to GAMS/MCP and GAMS/MPSGE ID - 2559 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Rutherford, T. and S. Paltsev CY - Boulder PB - University of Colorado PY - 2000 SN - Working Paper No 00-02 ST - GRAP-ENERGY in GAMS: The Dataset and Static Model TI - GRAP-ENERGY in GAMS: The Dataset and Static Model ID - 2560 ER - TY - JOUR AU - S.æ, B. E. AU - Tufto AU - J AU - Engen AU - S AU - Jerstad AU - K AU - W, R. ø O. AU - Skåtan AU - E, J. LB - sae00 PY - 2000 SP - 854-856 ST - Population dynamical consequences of climate change for a small temperate songbird T2 - Science TI - Population dynamical consequences of climate change for a small temperate songbird VL - 28 ID - 2561 ER - TY - JOUR AU - S.æ, B. E. AU - Tufto AU - J. AU - Engen AU - S. AU - Jerstad AU - K. AU - W., R.ø O. AU - Skåtan AU - E., J. LB - sae00 PY - 2000 SP - 854-856 ST - Population dynamical consequences of climate change for a small temperate songbird T2 - Science TI - Population dynamical consequences of climate change for a small temperate songbird VL - 28 ID - 2562 ER - TY - SER AU - SÄCHSISCHE LANDESANSTALT FÜR LANDWIRTSCHAFT PY - 2007 ST - Feldstreifenanbau. Einsatz nachwachsender Rohstoffe als landschaftsgestaltendes Element – Feldstreifenanbau auf großen Ackerschlägen TI - Feldstreifenanbau. Einsatz nachwachsender Rohstoffe als landschaftsgestaltendes Element – Feldstreifenanbau auf großen Ackerschlägen VL - 25/2007 ID - 2563 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SACKL, P. und L. ZECHNER PY - 1995 SP - 384 pp. ST - „Niedere Tauernﾓ In: Dvorak, M. & Karner, E. (1995): „Important Bird Areas in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt Monogr. 71, Wien: 367-373.Schaffer, A. (1904): Pfarrer P. Blasius Hanf als Ornitholog. Selbstverlag Benediktiner-Abtei, St. Lambrecht, 384 pp. TI - „Niedere Tauernﾓ In: Dvorak, M. & Karner, E. (1995): „Important Bird Areas in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt Monogr. 71, Wien: 367-373.Schaffer, A. (1904): Pfarrer P. Blasius Hanf als Ornitholog. Selbstverlag Benediktiner-Abtei, St. Lambrecht, 384 pp ID - 2564 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SACKL, P. und SAMWALD PY - 1997 SP - 432 pp. ST - Atlas der Brutvögel der Steiermark. Austria Medien Service, Graz, 432 pp. (1997): TI - Atlas der Brutvögel der Steiermark. Austria Medien Service, Graz, 432 pp. (1997) ID - 2565 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Sackl, P. AU - Samwald CY - Graz PB - Austria Medien Service PY - 1997 SP - 432 ST - Atlas der Brutvögel der Steiermark. Austria Medien Service, Graz, 432 pp. (1997): TI - Atlas der Brutvögel der Steiermark ID - 2566 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Dvorak, M. & Karner, E. AU - Sackl, P. AU - Zechner, L. PB - Umweltbundesamt Monogr. PY - 1995 SP - 367-373 ST - „Niedere Tauernﾓ In: Dvorak, M. & Karner, E. (1995): „Important Bird Areas in Österreich. Umweltbundesamt Monogr. 71, Wien: 367-373.Schaffer, A. (1904): Pfarrer P. Blasius Hanf als Ornitholog. Selbstverlag Benediktiner-Abtei, St. Lambrecht, 384 pp. T2 - Important Bird Areas in Österreich TI - Niedere Tauern VL - 71, Wien ID - 2567 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SÄGESSER, H. und F. KRAPP PY - 1986 ST - Rupicapra rupicapra (Linnaeus 1758). In: Handb. der Säugetiere Europas. Wiesbaden: Aula. TI - Rupicapra rupicapra (Linnaeus 1758). In: Handb. der Säugetiere Europas. Wiesbaden: Aula ID - 2568 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Sägesser, H. AU - Krapp, F. CY - Wiesbaden PB - Aula PY - 1986 ST - Rupicapra rupicapra (Linnaeus 1758). In: Handb. der Säugetiere Europas. Wiesbaden: Aula. T2 - Handb. der Säugetiere Europas TI - Rupicapra rupicapra (Linnaeus 1758) ID - 2569 ER - TY - RPRT AU - J., Sailor D. PY - 2001 SP - 645-657 ST - Relating residential and commercial sector electricity loads to climate—evaluating state level sensitivities and vulnerabilities T2 - Energy TI - Relating residential and commercial sector electricity loads to climate—evaluating state level sensitivities and vulnerabilities ID - 2570 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Sailor D. J., A. Pavlova PY - 2003 ST - Air conditioning market saturation and long-term response of residential cooling energy demand to climate change T2 - Energy TI - Air conditioning market saturation and long-term response of residential cooling energy demand to climate change ID - 2571 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sailor, David J. AU - Li, Xiangshang DA - January LB - sail99a N1 - NG 23082001 PY - 1999 SP - 103-114 ST - A Semiempirical Downscaling Approach for Predicting Regional Temperature Impacts Associated with Climatic Change T2 - J. Climate TI - A Semiempirical Downscaling Approach for Predicting Regional Temperature Impacts Associated with Climatic Change VL - 12 ID - 2572 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sakai, A. K. AU - Allendorf AU - F.W AU - Holt AU - J.S AU - Lodge AU - D.M AU - Molofsky AU - J AU - With AU - K.A AU - Baughman AU - S AU - Cabin AU - R.J AU - Cohen AU - J.E AU - Ellstrand AU - N.C AU - McCauley AU - D.E AU - P, O. ´ AU - Parker AU - I.M AU - Thompson AU - J.N AU - Weller AU - S.G LB - saka01 PY - 2001 SP - 305-332 ST - The population biology of invasive species T2 - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. TI - The population biology of invasive species VL - 32 ID - 2573 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sakai, A.K. AU - Allendorf AU - F.W. AU - Holt AU - J.S. AU - Lodge AU - D.M. AU - Molofsky AU - J. AU - With AU - K.A. AU - Baughman AU - S. AU - Cabin AU - R.J. AU - Cohen AU - J.E. AU - Ellstrand AU - N.C. AU - McCauley AU - D.E. AU - P., O.´ AU - Parker AU - I.M. AU - Thompson AU - J.N. AU - Weller AU - S.G. LB - saka01 PY - 2001 SP - 305-332 ST - The population biology of invasive species T2 - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. TI - The population biology of invasive species VL - 32 ID - 2574 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sala, O. E. AU - Chapin AU - F.S AU - Armesto AU - J.J AU - Berlow AU - E AU - Bloomfield AU - Dirzo, J. AU - R AU - Huber, Sanwald AU - al, E. et LB - sala00 PY - 2000 SP - 1770-1774 ST - Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100 T2 - Science TI - Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100 VL - 28 ID - 2575 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sala, O.E. AU - Chapin AU - F.S. AU - Armesto AU - J.J. AU - Berlow AU - E. AU - Bloomfield AU - Dirzo, J. AU - R. AU - Huber-Sanwald AU - al., E. et LB - sala00 PY - 2000 SP - 1770-1774 ST - Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100 T2 - Science TI - Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100 VL - 28 ID - 2576 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC00142028 AU - Salinger, Martin CY - Wien KW - Wienerwald - Flyschzone - Waldbestand - Waldbau - - Mondsee-Gebiet = - Flyschzone - Waldbestand - Waldbau BOK50 Wienerwald Flyschzone Waldbestand Waldbau Mondsee-Gebiet N1 - Zugl.: Wien, Hochschule f. Bodenkultur, Diss., 1970 UBBW Hauptbibl. Magazin I-38234/2 Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WN-8345 Entlehnbar PB - Verl. Notring PY - 1972 SP - 111 S. ST - Grundlagen für die waldbauliche Behandlung buchenreicher Waldgesellschaften auf Flysch-Standorten T2 - Dissertationen der Univ. Bodenkultur in Wien TI - Grundlagen für die waldbauliche Behandlung buchenreicher Waldgesellschaften auf Flysch-Standorten ID - 2577 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Sandgruber, R. AU - Hoffmann, A. AU - Matis, H. AU - Mitterbauer, M. CY - Wien LB - sandgruber1978 PB - Verlag für Geschichte und Politik PY - 1978 ST - Wirtschafts- und Sozialstatistik Österreich-Ungarns. Teil 2: Österreichische Agrarstatistik 1750-1918. Materialien zur Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte. TI - Wirtschafts- und Sozialstatistik Österreich-Ungarns. Teil 2: Österreichische Agrarstatistik 1750-1918. Materialien zur Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte ID - 2578 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Santamouris, M. AU - D, Asimakopoulos LB - santamouris1996 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - James & James (Science Publiches) Ltd PY - 1996 ST - Passive Cooling of Building TI - Passive Cooling of Building ID - 2579 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sanz, J. J. AU - Potti AU - J AU - Moreno AU - J AU - Merino AU - S AU - Frías AU - O LB - sanz03 PY - 2003 SP - 461-472 ST - Climate change and fitness components of a migratory bird breeding in the Mediterranean region T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Climate change and fitness components of a migratory bird breeding in the Mediterranean region VL - 9 ID - 2580 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sanz, J. J. AU - Potti AU - J. AU - Moreno AU - Merino AU - S. AU - Frías AU - O. LB - sanz03 PY - 2003 SP - 461-472 ST - Climate change and fitness components of a migratory bird breeding in the Mediterranean region T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Climate change and fitness components of a migratory bird breeding in the Mediterranean region VL - 9 ID - 2581 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Saucier, W. J. LB - saucier1989 PB - Dover Publications PY - 1989 ST - Principles of Meteorological Analysis TI - Principles of Meteorological Analysis ID - 2582 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Fertile land and freshwater constitute two of the most fundamental resources for food production. These resources are affected by environmental, political, economic, and technical developments. Regional impacts may transmit to the world through increased trade. With a global forest and agricultural sector model, we quantify the impacts of increased demand for food due to population growth and economic development on potential land and water use until 2030. In particular, we investigate producer adaptation regarding crop and irrigation choice, agricultural market adjustments, and changes in the values of land and water. In the context of resource sustainability and food security, this study accounts for the spatial and operational heterogeneity of irrigation management to globally assess agricultural land and water use. Agricultural responses to population and economic growth include considerable increases in irrigated area and water use but reductions in the average water intensity. Different irrigation systems are preferred under different exogenous biophysical and socioeconomic conditions. Negligence of these adaptations would bias the burden of development on land and water scarcity. Without technical progress, substantial price adjustments for land, water, and food would be required to equilibrate supply and demand. AU - Sauer, Timm AU - Havlík, Petr AU - Schneider, Uwe A. AU - Schmid, Erwin AU - Kindermann, Georg AU - Obersteiner, Michael DO - 10.1029/2009WR007729 IS - 6 KW - irrigation methods water use intensity agricultural adaptation partial equilibrium model food security land scarcity 1842 Hydrology: Irrigation 1880 Hydrology: Water management 1894 Hydrology: Instruments and techniques: modeling 0402 Biogeosciences: Agricultural systems 0466 Biogeosciences: Modeling 1630 Global Change: Impacts of global change PY - 2010 SN - 0043-1397 SP - W06503 ST - Agriculture and resource availability in a changing world: The role of irrigation T2 - Water Resour. Res. TI - Agriculture and resource availability in a changing world: The role of irrigation UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009WR007729 VL - 46 ID - 2583 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Saunders, I. R. AU - Byrne, J. M. DA - June LB - saun96a N1 - Mittels des Kirchhofer Kriteriums (beschrieben Yarnal 1984 (A procedure for the classification of synoptic weather maps from gridded atmospheric pressure surface data; Comp Geosci 10; 397-410)) wurden jeweils 20 charakteristische synoptische Lagen von SLP und 500hPa GPH für den Westen Kanadas bestimmt. Quelle: tägliche Daten (1960-1989) NCAR(alt) 5x5 Grad. Vergleich der Häufigkeitsverteilungen (Wie oft tritt eine Situation auf?) von beobachteten Feldern und jenen aus dem Controlrun des CCC GCMII (3,71x3,75;GPH- gut, SLP-weniger). Weiters wurde aus ca. 100 Bodenstationen der Niederschlag auf die Auflösung von 3,71x3,75 Grad gegittert (täglich). Suche nach einer Relation(60-69) zwischen 'Auftauchen' einer Wettersituation und dem gefallen Niederschlag (nicht ganz klar wie das funktioniert?). Validierung(70-89) und Anwendung auf 2xCO2. Es zeigt sich das die Höhe des Niederschlages gut wiedergeben werden kann, die Varianz jedoch nur zu geringen Teilen (konkrete Zahlen fehlen - nur Abbildungen). Beim Versuch 2xCO2 zeigen sich nur geringe Unterschiede, so ergibt sich ein leicht feuchterer Frühling und ein trockenerer Sommer, übers Jahr zeigen sich keine Unterschiede.(zu jetzt) PY - 1996 SP - 237-249 ST - Generating regional precipitation from observed and GCM synoptic-scale pressure fields, southern Alberta, Canada T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Generating regional precipitation from observed and GCM synoptic-scale pressure fields, southern Alberta, Canada VL - 6 ID - 2584 ER - TY - GEN AU - Savolainen, O. AU - Bokma, F. AU - Knürr, T. AU - Kärkkäinen, K. AU - Pyhäjärvi, T. AU - Wachowiak, W. CY - Rome, Italy PY - 2007 SP - 19-30 ST - Adaptation of forest trees to climate change T2 - Climate change and forest genetic diversity: Implications for sustainable forest management in Europe Bioversity International TI - Adaptation of forest trees to climate change ID - 2585 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Savotikov, Yu. F., Smetnik, A. I. N1 - (Hrsg.) PY - 1995 ST - [The handbook of pests, diseases and weeds having quarantine importance for the territory of the Russian Federation.] Arnika, Nizhnyj Novgorod (in Russisch). TI - [The handbook of pests, diseases and weeds having quarantine importance for the territory of the Russian Federation.] Arnika, Nizhnyj Novgorod (in Russisch) ID - 2586 ER - TY - CONF AU - Scawthorn, C. CY - Laxenburg, Austria DA - August 1-4 LB - scawthorn2001 PY - 2001 ST - Natinal Programs for Natural Hazards Insurance T2 - First Annual IIASA-DPRI Meeting Integrated Disaster Risk Management - Reducing Socio-Economic Vulnerability TI - Natinal Programs for Natural Hazards Insurance ID - 2587 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schabetsberger, R. AU - C, Jersabek LB - scha95 PY - 1995 SP - 47-61 ST - Alpine newts (triturus alpestris) as toppredators in a high-altitude karst lake: daly food consumption and the impact on the copepod Arctodiaptomus alpinus T2 - Freshwater biology TI - Alpine newts (triturus alpestris) as toppredators in a high-altitude karst lake: daly food consumption and the impact on the copepod Arctodiaptomus alpinus VL - 33 ID - 2588 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schabetsberger, R. AU - H, Langer AU - C, Jersabek AU - A, Goldschmid LB - scha00 PY - 2000 SP - 187-191 ST - on age structure and logevity in two populations of Bufo bufo, at two high altitude breeding sites in austria T2 - Herpetozoa TI - on age structure and logevity in two populations of Bufo bufo, at two high altitude breeding sites in austria VL - 13 ID - 2589 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schacher, E., Wagner, U., Wolf, Th., Grunow, R. PY - 2002 SP - 9, 71-72. ST - Tularämie – zwei Erkrankungen nach Verarbeiten und Verzehr eines Wildhasen. Epidemiol. Bull. TI - Tularämie – zwei Erkrankungen nach Verarbeiten und Verzehr eines Wildhasen. Epidemiol. Bull ID - 2590 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schacher, E. AU - Wagner, U. AU - Wolf, Th. AU - Grunow, R. PY - 2002 SP - 71-72 ST - Tularämie – zwei Erkrankungen nach Verarbeiten und Verzehr eines Wildhasen. Epidemiol. Bull. T2 - Epidemiol. Bull. TI - Tularämie –zwei Erkrankungen nach Verarbeiten und Verzehr eines Wildhasen. VL - 9 ID - 2591 ER - TY - BOOK AU - P., SCHACHTSCHABEL AU - H.-P., BLUME AU - G., BRÜMMER AU - H., HARTGE K. AU - U., SCHWERTMANN CY - Stuttgart PB - Ferd. Enke Verlag PY - 1998 ST - Lehrbuch der Bodenkunde TI - Lehrbuch der Bodenkunde VL - 14. Aufl. ID - 2592 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schädler, B. LB - scha02 PY - 2002 SP - 24-26 ST - Auswirkungen der Klimaveränderung auf alpine Gewässersysteme T2 - EAWAG TI - Auswirkungen der Klimaveränderung auf alpine Gewässersysteme VL - news55d ID - 2593 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Schaffer, A. PB - Selbstverlag Benediktiner-Abtei, St. Lambrecht PY - 1904 SP - 384 ST - Pfarrer P. Blasius Hanf als Ornitholog TI - Pfarrer P. Blasius Hanf als Ornitholog ID - 2594 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - SCHAHN, J. A2 - GIESINGER, T. (Ed.) AU - SCHAHN, J. CY - Winheim PB - Beltz Psychologie-Verlags-Union PY - 1993 SP - 29-49 ST - Die Kluft zwischen Einstellung und Verhalten beim individuellen Umwelt- schutz. T2 - Psychologie für den Umweltschutz TI - Die Kluft zwischen Einstellung und Verhalten beim individuellen Umwelt- schutz. ID - 3542 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schär, C. AU - Vidale, P. L. AU - Lüthi, D. AU - Frei, C. AU - Häberli, C. AU - Liniger, M. A. AU - Appenzeller, C. LB - schaer2004 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2004 SP - 2004 ST - The role of increasing temperature variability in European summer heatwaves T2 - Letters to Nature, publ. online TI - The role of increasing temperature variability in European summer heatwaves VL - 11 ID - 2595 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Scharfetter, R. CY - Wien PY - 1938 SP - 419 ST - Das Pflanzenleben der Ostalpen. Wien. TI - Das Pflanzenleben der Ostalpen ID - 2596 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SCHARFETTER, R. PY - 1938 SP - 419 p. ST - Das Pflanzenleben der Ostalpen. Wien. TI - Das Pflanzenleben der Ostalpen. Wien ID - 2597 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Schatz, H. PY - 1998 SP - 8-11 ST - Das Gamswild und die Sonne. Anblick 8, 8-11. T2 - Anblick TI - Das Gamswild und die Sonne VL - 8 ID - 2598 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SCHATZ, H. PY - 1998 SP - Anblick 8, 8-11. ST - Das Gamswild und die Sonne. Anblick 8, 8-11. TI - Das Gamswild und die Sonne. Anblick 8, 8-11 ID - 2599 ER - TY - THES A3 - BARTELME, Ao. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Norbert AU - SCHAUMBERGER, A. CY - Graz PB - TU Graz PY - 2005 ST - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer Veränderungen T2 - Individuelles Diplomstudium Geoinformationstechnologie TI - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer Veränderungen VL - Mag. ID - 2600 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Raumberg-Gumpenstein, HBLFA AU - Schaumberger, A. PY - 2005 SP - 66 ST - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer Veränderungen TI - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer Veränderungen VL - 42 ID - 2601 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SCHAUMBERGER, A. PY - 2005 ST - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer):Veränderungen. Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft Raumberg- Gumpenstein, Irdning. TI - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer):Veränderungen. Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft Raumberg- Gumpenstein, Irdning ID - 2602 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schaumberger, A. CY - Irdning M1 - Heft 2 PB - Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt für Landwirtschaft Raumberg- Gumpenstein PY - 2006 ST - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer Veränderungen TI - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer Veränderungen ID - 2603 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schaumberger, A. PY - 2006 ST - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer Veränderungen, Heft 42, Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt Raumberg – Gumpenstein TI - Ertragsanalyse im österreichischen Grünland mittels GIS unter besonderer Berücksichtigung klimatischer Veränderungen, Heft 42, Höhere Bundeslehr- und Forschungsanstalt Raumberg – Gumpenstein ID - 2604 ER - TY - BOOK AU - SCHEERPELTZ, O. CY - Wittenberg, Lutherstadt PB - Verl. A. Ziemsen PY - 1950 SE - 43 ST - Der Maikäfer TI - Der Maikäfer ID - 2605 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Koch, E. AU - Peter, Ch LB - sche03 PY - 2003 SP - 41-51 ST - Trends of spring time frost events and phenological dates in Central Europe T2 - Theoretical and Applied Climatology TI - Trends of spring time frost events and phenological dates in Central Europe VL - 74 ID - 2606 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Koch, E. AU - Peter, Ch. AU - Ahas, R. LB - sche2002a N1 - accepted PY - 2002 ST - Atmospheric Mechanisms Governing the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phenological Observations in Central Europe. T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Atmospheric Mechanisms Governing the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phenological Observations in Central Europe ID - 2607 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Koch, E. AU - Peter, Ch. AU - Ahas, R. LB - sche02 PY - 2002 SP - 1739-1755 ST - Atmospheric Mechansims Governing the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phenological Observations in Central Europe T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Atmospheric Mechansims Governing the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phenological Observations in Central Europe VL - 22 ID - 2608 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Koch, E. AU - Peter, Ch AU - Ahas, R. LB - sche2002a N1 - accepted PY - 2002 ST - Atmospheric Mechanisms Governing the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phenological Observations in Central Europe. T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Atmospheric Mechanisms Governing the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phenological Observations in Central Europe ID - 2609 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Scheifinger, H. AU - Menzel, A. AU - Koch, E. AU - Peter, Ch AU - Ahas, R. LB - sche02 PY - 2002 SP - 1739-1755 ST - Atmospheric Mechansims Governing the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phenological Observations in Central Europe T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Atmospheric Mechansims Governing the Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phenological Observations in Central Europe VL - 22 ID - 2610 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Scheifinger, Helfried AU - Kromp-Kolb, Helga LB - sche1999a PB - Institut für Meteorologie und Physik der Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien. PY - 1999 ST - Forschungsinitiative gegen das Waldsterben (FIW II); Generalsynopse; Meteorologisches Teilprojekt. TI - Forschungsinitiative gegen das Waldsterben (FIW II); Generalsynopse; Meteorologisches Teilprojekt ID - 2611 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Risks can generally be described as the combination of hazard, exposure and vulnerability. Using this framework, we evaluated the historical and future development of risk of fire and wind damage in European forestry at the national level. Fire risk is expected to increase, mainly as a consequence of an increase in fire hazard, defined as the Fire Weather Index in summer. Exposure, defined as forest area, is expected to increase slightly as a consequence of active afforestation and abandonment of marginal agricultural areas. Adaptation options to fire risk should therefore aim to decrease the vulnerability, where a change in tree species from conifers to broadleaves had most effect. Risk for wind damage in forests is expected to increase mainly as a consequence of increase in exposure (total growing stock) and vulnerability (defined by age class and tree species distribution). Projections of future wind climate indicate an increase in hazard (storminess) mainly over Western Europe. Adaptation options should aim to limit the increase in exposure and vulnerability. Only an increase in harvest level can stop the current build-up of growing stock, while at the same time it will lower vulnerability through the reduction of the share of old and vulnerable stands. Changing species from conifers to broadleaves helps to reduce vulnerability as well. Lowering vulnerability by decreasing the rotation length is only effective in combination with a high demand for wood. Due to data limitations, no forecast of future fire area or damaged timber amount by storms was possible. © 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V. AD - Alterra, Wageningen UR, Netherlands University of Florence, Florence, Italy CNR-IBIMET, Florence, Italy Research Centre for Agricultural and Forest Environment, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Potsdam, Germany Schelhaas, M.-J. Alterra, Wageningen UR, Netherlands email: martjan.schelhaas@wur.nl AU - Schelhaas, M. J. AU - Hengeveld, G. AU - Moriondo, M. AU - Reinds, G. J. AU - Kundzewicz, Z. W. AU - ter Maat, H. AU - Bindi, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s11027-010-9243-0 IS - 7 J2 - Mitigation Adapt. Strateg. Global Change KW - Adaptation Climate change EFISCEN Forest fire Forestry Natural disturbance Windstorm afforestation agricultural land climate change coniferous tree disturbance forecasting method forestry practice functional morphology hazard assessment limiting factor population distribution risk assessment storm damage vulnerability wildfire wind velocity wood Western Europe Coniferophyta LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 10 CODEN: MASCF References: Agee, J.K., Skinner, C.N., Basic principles of forest fuel reduction treatments (2005) For Ecol Manage, 211, pp. 83-96; Aguado, I., Chuvieco, E., Martín, P., Salas, F.J., Assessment of forest fire danger conditions in southern Spain from NOAA images and meteorological indices (2003) Int J Remote Sens, 24, pp. 1653-1668; Beniston, M., Stephenson, D., Christensen, O., Ferro, C., Frei, C., Goyette, S., Halsnaes, K., Woth, K., Future extreme events in European climate: an exploration of regional climate model projections (2007) Clim Change, 81, pp. 71-95; Brown, J.K., Smith, J.K., (2000) Wildland Fire in Ecosystems: Effects of Fire on Flora, , http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/pubs/rmrs_gtr42_2.html, Gen. tech. rep. rmrs-gtr-42-vol. 2, U. 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Available; Verburg, P.H., Schulp, C.J.E., Witte, N., Veldkamp, A., Downscaling of land use change scenarios to assess the dynamics of European landscapes (2006) Agric Ecosyst Environ, 114 (1), pp. 39-56; Veroustraete, F., Sabbe, H., Eerens, H., Estimation of carbon mass fluxes over Europe using the C-Fix model and Euroflux data (2002) Remote Sens Environ, 83 (3), pp. 376-399; Viegas, D.X., Biovio, G., Ferreira, A., Nosenzo, A., Sol, B., Comparative study of various methods of fire danger evaluation in southern Europe (1999) Int J Wildland Fire, 10, pp. 235-246; Viegas, D.X., Piñol, J., Viegas, M.T., Ogaya, R., Estimating live fine fuels moisture content using meteorologically-based indices (2001) Int J Wildland Fire, 10, pp. 223-240; Zeng, H., Pukkala, T., Peltola, H., The use of heuristic optimization in risk management of wind damage in forest planning (2007) For Ecol Manage, 241, pp. 189-199 PY - 2010 SN - 13812386 SP - 681-701 ST - Assessing risk and adaptation options to fires and windstorms in European forestry T2 - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change TI - Assessing risk and adaptation options to fires and windstorms in European forestry UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957367709&partnerID=40&md5=da1614f1eef3b4780d02fe1e5ac403e3 VL - 15 ID - 2612 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper, based on a literature review, presents a quantitative overview of the role of natural disturbances in European forests from 1850 to 2000. Such an overview provides a basis for modelling the possible impacts of climate change and enables one to assess trends in disturbance regimes in different countries and/or periods. Over the period 1950-2000, an annual average of 35 million m3 wood was damaged by disturbances; there was much variation between years. Storms were responsible for 53% of the total damage, fire for 16%, snow for 3% and other abiotic causes for 5%. Biotic factors caused 16% of the damage, and half of this was caused by bark beetles. For 7% of the damage, no cause was given or there was a combination of causes. The 35 million m3 of damage is about 8.1% of the total fellings in Europe and about 0.15% of the total volume of growing stock. Over the period 1961-2000, the average annual area of forest fires was 213 000 ha, which is 0.15% of the total forest area in Europe. Most types of damage seem to be increasing. This is partly an artefact of the improved availability of information. The most likely explanations for an increase in damage from disturbances are changes in forest management and resulting changes in the condition of the forest. Forest area, average volume of growing stock and average stand age have increased considerably, making the forest more vulnerable and increasing the resources that can be damaged. Since forest resources are expected to continue to increase, it is likely that damage from disturbances will also increase in future. AD - Alterra Green World Research, PO Box 47, Wageningen AA NL-6700, Netherlands European Forest Institute, Torikatu 34, Joensuu, FIN-80100, Finland Schelhaas, M.-J. Alterra Green World Research, PO Box 47, Wageningen AA NL-6700, Netherlands email: martjan.schelhaas@wur.nl AU - Schelhaas, M. J. AU - Nabuurs, G. J. AU - Schuck, A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00684.x IS - 11 J2 - Global Change Biol. 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Landesforstverwattung Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, Germany; Kuusela, K., (1994) Forest Resources in Europe, , European Forest Institute Research Report 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; Laiho, O., (1987) Metsiköiden Alttius Tuulituholle Etelä-Suomessa. Susceptibility of Forest Stands to Windthrow in Southern Finland, , Folia Forestalia 706. Metsaentutkimuslaitos, Helsinki; Lässig, R., Windwürfe - Chancen für artenreiche Wälder nutzen (2000) Wald und Holz, 81, pp. 56-60; Lässig, R., Mocalov, S.A., Frequency and characteristics of severe storms in the Urals and their influence on the development, structure and management of the boreal forests (2000) Forest Ecology and Management, 135, pp. 179-194; Lässig, R., Schönenberger, W., Nach 'Lothar' und 'Vivian'-Erfahrungen profitieren (2000) Wald und Holz, 81, pp. 31-35; Lekes, V.D., Using airflow modelling and spatial analysis for defining wind damage risk classification (WIND-ARC) (2000) Forest Ecology and Management, 135, pp. 331-344; Lohmander, P., Helles, F., Windthrow probability as a function of stand characteristics and shelter (1987) Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 2, pp. 227-238; Maurer, E., 25 Jahre Sturm- und Schneeschaden in der Bundesrepublic Deutschland (1953/54 bis 1977/78) (1982) Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift, pp. 395-397; Maxwell Macdonald, J., Wind damage in middle aged crops of Sitka spruce (1952) Scottish Forestry, 6, pp. 82-85; McCarthy, J.J., Canziani, O.F., (2001) Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, , (eds) Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; Meta, M., Albania - Update on the forest fire situation (2003) International Forest Fire News, 28, pp. 28-36; Miller, K.F., (1985) Windthrow Hazard Classification, , Forestry Commission Leaflet 85. HMSO, London; Møller, C.M., Stormfahdelts betydning for dansk skovbrug. [The importance of wind damage in Danish forestry] (1957) Dansk Skovforeningens Tidsskrift, 42, pp. 526-543; Mosandl, R., Felbermeier, B., Auf dem Weg zum naturnahen Wald (1999) AFZ/Der Wald, pp. 910-914; Nykänen, M.-L., Peltola, H., Quine, C.P., Factors affecting snow damage of trees with particular reference to European conditions (1997) Silva Fennica, 31, pp. 193-213; Offergeld, J.P., The consequences of the tempest of November 1984 on the forest (1986) Minimizing Wind Damage to Coniferous Stands, pp. 21-26. , Proceedings of the workshop organized jointly by the Danish Forest Experiment Station and the Commission of the European Communities at Lövenholm Castle, Denmark, March 3-7 (ed. Communities, CotE), Lövenholm Castle, Denmark; Pfeffer, A., Skuhravy, V., Der Buchdrucker Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) und seine Problematik in der Tschechischen Republik (1995) Anzeiger für Schadlingskunde, Pflanzenschutz, Umweltschutz, 68, pp. 151-152; Plochmann, R., Hieke, C., (1986) Schadereignisse in Den Wäldern Bayerns, , Eine Zusammenstellung der forstlichen Literatur seit Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts, Forstliche Forschungsberichte München 71. Universität München, München; Poeppel, S., Der Windwurf am 12. Februar 1894 (1994) Forst und Holz, 49, p. 190; (1999) Orkan Gilt Als Zeichen des Klimawandels In Rhein-Zeitung 28 December 1998, , Rhein-Zeitung Mittelrhein-Vertag GmbH, Koblenz, Germany; Rietbergen, S., The tempest - A tale of two countries (2000) Arbor Vitae - The IUCN/WWF Forest Conservation Newsletter, 14, p. 11; Rottmann, M., (1986) Wind- und Sturmschäden Im Wald, , J.D. Sauerländer's Verlag, Frankfurt am Main; Schelhaas, M.J., Nabuurs, G.J., Sonntag, M., Adding natural disturbances to a large-scale forest scenario model and a case study for Switzerland (2002) Forest Ecology and Management, 167, pp. 13-26; Schelhaas, M.J., Varis, S., Schuck, A., (2001) Database on Forest Disturbances in Europe (DFDE), , http://www.efi.fi/projects/dfde/, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland; Schelhaas, M.J., Varis, S., Schuck, A., (1999) EFISCEN's European Forest Resource Database (EEFR), , http://www.efi.fi/projects/eefr/, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland; Schiesser, Winter storms in Switzerland (1997) Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 58, pp. 1-19; Schmid-Haas, P., Bachofen, H., Die Sturmgefährdung von Einzelbäumen und Beständen (1991) Schweizerische Zeitschrift F, pp. 477-504; Schwerdtfeger, F., (1955) Pathogenese Der Borkenkäfer - Epidemie 1946 - 1950 in Nordwestdeutschland, , Schriftenreihe der forstlichen Fakultät der Universität Göttingen und Mitteilungen der niedersächsischen forstlichen Versuchsanstalt 13-14. Sauerländer, Frankfurt am; (1996) Forestry and Timber Industry in Switzerland, , SFSO and FOEFL Yearbook. Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Bern; Teusan, S., France: Forest fire profile (1995) International Forest Fire News, 13, pp. 12-15; (1985) The Forest Resources of the ECE Region (Europe, the USSR and North America), , UN-ECE and FAO United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Food and Agriculture Organization, Geneva. ECE/TIM; (1992) The Forest Resources of the Temperate Zones, The UN-ECE/FAO 1990 Forest Resource Assessment, 1. , UN-ECE and FAO General Forest Resource Information. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Food and Agriculture Organization, Geneva. ECE/TIM; Forest resources of Europe, CIS, North America, Australia, Japan and New Zealand (2000) Geneva Timber and Forest Study Papers No, 17. , UN-ECE and FAO; Forest fire statistics 1993-1995 (1996) Timber Bulletin, 49, pp. 1-19. , UN-ECE/FAO United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (Geneva), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (Roma); Forest fire statistics 1995-1997 (1998) Timber Bulletin, 51, pp. 1-19. , UN-ECE/FAO United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (Geneva), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (Roma); Forest fire statistics 1996-1998 (1999) Timber Bulletin, , UN-ECE/FAO United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (Geneva), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (Roma); Forest fire statistics 1997-1999 (2000) Timber Bulletin, 53. , UN-ECE/FAO United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (Geneva), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (Roma); (2000) Forest Products Annual Market Review, , UN-ECE/FAO United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (Geneva), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Roma, Italy; Forest fire statistics 1998-2000 (2001) Timber Bulletin, 54. , UN-ECE/FAO United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (Geneva), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy; van Boxel, J., Cammeraat, E., Wordt Nederland steeds natter? Een analyse van de neerslag in deze eeuw (1999) Meteorologica, 99, pp. 1-15; Waldschutzsituation im deutsch-sprachigen Raum (1999) Waldschutzsituation Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift, 54, pp. 324-329; Waldschutzsituation im deutsch-sprachigen Raum (2000) Waldschutzsituation Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift, 55, pp. 332-337; Wiebecke, C., Volkswirtschaftliche Bedeutung der Sturm-katastrophe 1972 und forst- und holzwirtschaftspolitische Folgerungen (1973) Forstarchiv, 44, pp. 140-143; Xanthopoulos, G., The 1999 forest fire season (2000) International Forest Fire News, 22, pp. 76-84; (1981) Studie O Výskytu Kalamit Na úzomí CSR Od Roku 1900, , Zari Lesprojekt, Brandýs nad Labem, 107 pp; Zatloukal, V., Historical and current factors of the bark beetle calamity in the Šumava National Park (1998) Silva Gabreta, 2, pp. 327-357; Zimmermann, H., Zur Begründung von Mischbeständen mit Fichte und Buche auf Sturmwurfflächen im öffentlichen Wald Hessens (1985) Allgemeine Forstzeitung München, 49, pp. 1326-1330 PY - 2003 SN - 13541013 SP - 1620-1633 ST - Natural disturbances in the European forests in the 19th and 20th centuries T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Natural disturbances in the European forests in the 19th and 20th centuries UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0344925626&partnerID=40&md5=3ce87ed3a8fbb3531a6798f742cddf21 VL - 9 ID - 2613 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper, based on a literature review, presents a quantitative overview of the role of natural disturbances in European forests from 1850 to 2000. Such an overview provides a basis for modelling the possible impacts of climate change and enables one to assess trends in disturbance regimes in different countries and/or periods. Over the period 1950-2000, an annual average of 35 million m3 wood was damaged by disturbances; there was much variation between years. Storms were responsible for 53% of the total damage, fire for 16%, snow for 3% and other abiotic causes for 5%. Biotic factors caused 16% of the damage, and half of this was caused by bark beetles. For 7% of the damage, no cause was given or there was a combination of causes. The 35 million m3 of damage is about 8.1% of the total fellings in Europe and about 0.15% of the total volume of growing stock. Over the period 1961-2000, the average annual area of forest fires was 213 000 ha, which is 0.15% of the total forest area in Europe. Most types of damage seem to be increasing. This is partly an artefact of the improved availability of information. The most likely explanations for an increase in damage from disturbances are changes in forest management and resulting changes in the condition of the forest. Forest area, average volume of growing stock and average stand age have increased considerably, making the forest more vulnerable and increasing the resources that can be damaged. Since forest resources are expected to continue to increase, it is likely that damage from disturbances will also increase in future. AD - Alterra Green World Research, PO Box 47, Wageningen AA NL-6700, Netherlands European Forest Institute, Torikatu 34, Joensuu, FIN-80100, Finland Schelhaas, M.-J. Alterra Green World Research, PO Box 47, Wageningen AA NL-6700, Netherlands email: martjan.schelhaas@wur.nl AU - Schelhaas, M. J. AU - Nabuurs, G. J. AU - Schuck, A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00684.x IS - 11 J2 - Global Change Biol. KW - Damage Disturbance Fire History Insects Storm disturbance fire forest ecosystem historical ecology pest damage storm damage Europe Coleoptera Hexapoda Insecta Scolytinae LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):183 References: Annila, E., Petäistö R.-L, Insect attack of windthrown trees after the December 1975 storm in Western Finland. 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Landesforstverwattung Baden-Württemberg, Stuttgart, Germany; Kuusela, K., (1994) Forest Resources in Europe, , European Forest Institute Research Report 1. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; Laiho, O., (1987) Metsiköiden Alttius Tuulituholle Etelä-Suomessa. Susceptibility of Forest Stands to Windthrow in Southern Finland, , Folia Forestalia 706. Metsaentutkimuslaitos, Helsinki; Lässig, R., Windwürfe - Chancen für artenreiche Wälder nutzen (2000) Wald und Holz, 81, pp. 56-60; Lässig, R., Mocalov, S.A., Frequency and characteristics of severe storms in the Urals and their influence on the development, structure and management of the boreal forests (2000) Forest Ecology and Management, 135, pp. 179-194; Lässig, R., Schönenberger, W., Nach 'Lothar' und 'Vivian'-Erfahrungen profitieren (2000) Wald und Holz, 81, pp. 31-35; Lekes, V.D., Using airflow modelling and spatial analysis for defining wind damage risk classification (WIND-ARC) (2000) Forest Ecology and Management, 135, pp. 331-344; Lohmander, P., Helles, F., Windthrow probability as a function of stand characteristics and shelter (1987) Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 2, pp. 227-238; Maurer, E., 25 Jahre Sturm- und Schneeschaden in der Bundesrepublic Deutschland (1953/54 bis 1977/78) (1982) Allgemeine Forstzeitschrift, pp. 395-397; Maxwell Macdonald, J., Wind damage in middle aged crops of Sitka spruce (1952) Scottish Forestry, 6, pp. 82-85; McCarthy, J.J., Canziani, O.F., (2001) Climate Change 2001: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, , (eds) Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; Meta, M., Albania - Update on the forest fire situation (2003) International Forest Fire News, 28, pp. 28-36; Miller, K.F., (1985) Windthrow Hazard Classification, , Forestry Commission Leaflet 85. HMSO, London; Møller, C.M., Stormfahdelts betydning for dansk skovbrug. [The importance of wind damage in Danish forestry] (1957) Dansk Skovforeningens Tidsskrift, 42, pp. 526-543; Mosandl, R., Felbermeier, B., Auf dem Weg zum naturnahen Wald (1999) AFZ/Der Wald, pp. 910-914; Nykänen, M.-L., Peltola, H., Quine, C.P., Factors affecting snow damage of trees with particular reference to European conditions (1997) Silva Fennica, 31, pp. 193-213; Offergeld, J.P., The consequences of the tempest of November 1984 on the forest (1986) Minimizing Wind Damage to Coniferous Stands, pp. 21-26. , Proceedings of the workshop organized jointly by the Danish Forest Experiment Station and the Commission of the European Communities at Lövenholm Castle, Denmark, March 3-7 (ed. Communities, CotE), Lövenholm Castle, Denmark; Pfeffer, A., Skuhravy, V., Der Buchdrucker Ips typographus L. 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Sauerländer, Frankfurt am; (1996) Forestry and Timber Industry in Switzerland, , SFSO and FOEFL Yearbook. Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Bern; Teusan, S., France: Forest fire profile (1995) International Forest Fire News, 13, pp. 12-15; (1985) The Forest Resources of the ECE Region (Europe, the USSR and North America), , UN-ECE and FAO United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Food and Agriculture Organization, Geneva. ECE/TIM; (1992) The Forest Resources of the Temperate Zones, The UN-ECE/FAO 1990 Forest Resource Assessment, 1. , UN-ECE and FAO General Forest Resource Information. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Food and Agriculture Organization, Geneva. 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TI - Die Entwicklungsstadien der mitteleuropäischen Curculioniden (Morphologie, Bionomie, Ökologie) VL - 506 ID - 2616 ER - TY - WEB AU - Schermer, M. PY - 2008 SP - http://www.wirtschaftundumwelt.at/3106/3107/3112/3185/3187/ ST - Lokal, Global, ***egal? TI - Lokal, Global, ***egal? ID - 2617 ER - TY - GEN AU - Schermer, M. AU - Kirchengast, C. PB - University Press, Innsbruck PY - 2006 ST - Perpektiven für die Berglandwirtschaft TI - Perpektiven für die Berglandwirtschaft ID - 2618 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Scherzinger, W. PY - 1976 SP - 71 ST - Rauhfuß-Hühner. Nationalparkamt Bayerischer Wald, Heft T2 - Nationalparkamt Bayerischer Wald TI - Rauhfuß-Hühner VL - Heft 2 ID - 2619 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SCHERZINGER, W. PY - 1976 SP - 2; 71 pp. ST - Rauhfuß-Hühner. Nationalparkamt Bayerischer Wald, Heft TI - Rauhfuß-Hühner. Nationalparkamt Bayerischer Wald, Heft ID - 2620 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Demand, Books On AU - Scheuerer, Thomas CY - Norderstedt PY - 2010 ST - Feuerwehr im Wandel der Zeit TI - Feuerwehr im Wandel der Zeit ID - 3651 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schiegg, K. AU - Pasinelli AU - G AU - Walters AU - R, J. AU - Daniels AU - J, S. LB - schi02 PY - 2002 SP - 1153-1159 ST - Inbreeding and experience affect response to climate change by endangered woodpeckers T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Inbreeding and experience affect response to climate change by endangered woodpeckers VL - 26 ID - 2621 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schiegg, K. AU - Pasinelli AU - G. AU - Walters AU - R., J. AU - Daniels AU - J., S. LB - schi02 PY - 2002 SP - 1153-1159 ST - Inbreeding and experience affect response to climate change by endangered woodpeckers T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Inbreeding and experience affect response to climate change by endangered woodpeckers VL - 26 ID - 2622 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schindlbacher, Andreas AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie LB - schindlbacher:04 PY - 2004 SP - D17302, doi:10.1029/2004JD004590 ST - Effects of soil moisture and temperature on NO, NO2, and N2O emissions from European forest soils T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research TI - Effects of soil moisture and temperature on NO, NO2, and N2O emissions from European forest soils VL - 109 ID - 2623 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schindlbacher, Andreas AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Glatzel, Gerhard AU - Jandl, Robert LB - schindlbacher:07 PY - 2007 SP - 205-215 ST - Winter soil respiration from an Austrian mountain forest T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Winter soil respiration from an Austrian mountain forest VL - 146 ID - 2624 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schindlbacher, Andreas AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Jandl, Robert IS - 5 LB - schindlbacher:05 PY - 2005 SP - 79 ST - Experimental soil warming effects on forest soil CO2 release: a new measuring system with high temporal resolution T2 - International Forestry Review TI - Experimental soil warming effects on forest soil CO2 release: a new measuring system with high temporal resolution VL - 7 ID - 2625 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Global warming has the potential to increase soil respiration (RS), one of the major fluxes in the global carbon (C) cycle. RS consists of an autotrophic (RA) and a heterotrophic (RH) component. We combined a soil warming experiment with a trenching experiment to assess how RS, RA, and RH are affected. The experiment was conducted in a mature forest dominated by Norway spruce. The site is located in the Austrian Alps on dolomitic bedrock. We warmed the soil of undisturbed and trenched plots by means of heating cables 4 °C above ambient during the snow-free seasons of 2005 and 2006. Soil warming increased the CO2 efflux from control plots (RS) by ∼45% during 2005 and ∼47% during 2006. The CO2 efflux from trenched plots (RH) increased by ∼39% during 2005 and ∼45% during 2006. Similar responses of RS and RH indicated that the autotrophic and heterotrophic components of RS responded equally to the temperature increase. Thirty-five to forty percent or 1 t C ha−1 yr−1 of the overall annual increase in RS (2.8 t C ha−1 yr−1) was autotrophic. The remaining, heterotrophic part of soil respiration (1.8 t C ha−1 yr−1), represented the warming-induced C loss from the soil. The autotrophic component showed a distinct seasonal pattern. Contribution of RA to RS was highest during summer. Seasonally derived Q10 values reflected this pattern and were correspondingly high (5.3–9.3). The autotrophic CO2 efflux increase due to the 4 °C warming implied a Q10 of 2.9. Hence, seasonally derived Q10 of RA did not solely reflect the seasonal soil temperature development. AU - Schindlbacher, Andreas AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Jandl, Robert DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01757.x IS - 4 KW - autotrophic soil respiration carbon forest heterotrophic soil respiration Q10 soil warming temperature sensitivity PY - 2009 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 901-913 ST - Carbon losses due to soil warming: Do autotrophic and heterotrophic soil respiration respond equally? T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Carbon losses due to soil warming: Do autotrophic and heterotrophic soil respiration respond equally? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01757.x VL - 15 ID - 2626 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schindlbacher, Andreas AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Kitzler, Barbara AU - Jandl, Robert LB - schindlbacher:08a PY - 2008 SP - DOI 10.1007/s11104-007-9511-2 ST - Experimental forest soil warming: response of autotrophic and heterotrophic soil respiration to a short-term 10\textdegreeC temperature rise T2 - Plant and Soil TI - Experimental forest soil warming: response of autotrophic and heterotrophic soil respiration to a short-term 10\textdegreeC temperature rise ID - 2627 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schindler, D. AU - W LB - schi01 PY - 2001 SP - 18-29 ST - The cumulative effects of climate warming and other human stresses on Canadian freshwater in the new millenium T2 - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences TI - The cumulative effects of climate warming and other human stresses on Canadian freshwater in the new millenium VL - 58 ID - 2628 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schindler, D. AU - W. LB - schi01 PY - 2001 SP - 18-29 ST - The cumulative effects of climate warming and other human stresses on Canadian freshwater in the new millenium T2 - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences TI - The cumulative effects of climate warming and other human stresses on Canadian freshwater in the new millenium VL - 58 ID - 2629 ER - TY - BOOK AU - SCHIRMER, D. CY - Paderborn LA - Deutsch PB - Wilhelm Fink GmbH & Co. Verlags-KG PY - 2009 SE - 337 SN - 978-3825231750 ST - Empirische Methoden der Sozialforschung – Grundlagen und Techniken TI - Empirische Methoden der Sozialforschung – Grundlagen und Techniken ID - 3543 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Lexikonred, Meyers AU - Schirmer, Hans AU - Buschner, Werner AU - Cappel, Albert AU - Matthäus, Hans Georg AU - Max, Schlegel CY - Mannheim; Wien; Zürich LB - schi89a PB - Meyers Lexikonverlag PY - 1989 SP - 304 ST - Wetter und Klima T2 - Wie funktioniert das? TI - Wetter und Klima ID - 2630 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Schleicher, Stefan P. LB - schleicher2002 PB - Edwar Elgar Publish-ing PY - 2002 ST - On the Economics of Climate Change and the Climate Change of Economics TI - On the Economics of Climate Change and the Climate Change of Economics ID - 2631 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Schlumberger, R. CY - Wien, Leipzig LB - schlumberger1937 PB - Agrarverlag PY - 1937 ST - Weinhandel und Weinbau im Kaiserstaate Österreich 1804 - 1918 TI - Weinhandel und Weinbau im Kaiserstaate Österreich 1804 - 1918 ID - 2632 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schmalwieser, A.W. AU - Cabaj, A. AU - Maier, H. AU - Fischer, W. AU - Stadlmann, H. AU - Rohn, H. PY - 2007 RN - SRef-ID: 1607-7962/gra/EGU2007-A-08047 ST - Measurements of the facial UV exposure using electronic two channel broadband devices T2 - Geophysical Research Abstracts TI - Measurements of the facial UV exposure using electronic two channel broadband devices VL - 9 ID - 2633 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Zerefos, C.S. AU - Schmalwieser, A.W. AU - Schauberger, G. AU - Janouch, M. AU - Skomorowski, P. CY - Kos Greece PY - 2004 SP - 1144-1145 ST - Mini-ozoneholes and extreme day-to-day changes of TOC over Central Europe and their influence to the biologically effective ultraviolet radiation T2 - XX Quandrennial Ozone Symposium TI - Mini-ozoneholes and extreme day-to-day changes of TOC over Central Europe and their influence to the biologically effective ultraviolet radiation ID - 2634 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SCHMID, A. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 193-196 ST - Wechsel vom 4-jährigen zum 3-jährigen Zyklus in der Maikäferpopulation von Brig (Schweiz) T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Wechsel vom 4-jährigen zum 3-jährigen Zyklus in der Maikäferpopulation von Brig (Schweiz) VL - 1 ID - 2635 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schmid, E. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur, Institut für nachhaltige Wirtschaftsentwicklung PY - 2004 SN - Diskussionspa-pier DP-09-2004 ST - Das Betriebsoptimierungssystem FAMOS (Farm Optimization System) TI - Das Betriebsoptimierungssystem FAMOS (Farm Optimization System) ID - 2636 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 334 AU - Schmid, E. AU - Sinabell, F. AU - Eder, M. KW - Aggregation agri-environmental PY - 2005 SP - 87 ST - Die Aggregation von naturbeschreibenden und ökonomischen Daten auf Regionsebene - Probleme und Lösungsvorschläge T2 - Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Agrarökonomie TI - Die Aggregation von naturbeschreibenden und ökonomischen Daten auf Regionsebene - Probleme und Lösungsvorschläge UR - http://oega.boku.ac.at/ VL - 10 ID - 2637 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schmid, E. AU - Sinabell, F. AU - Eder, M. PY - 2005 SP - 87-100 ST - Die Aggregation von naturbeschreibenden und ökonomischen Daten auf Regionsebene - Probleme und Lösungsvorschläge. T2 - Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Agrarökonomie TI - Die Aggregation von naturbeschreibenden und ökonomischen Daten auf Regionsebene - Probleme und Lösungsvorschläge. VL - 10 ID - 2638 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - (eds), Uwe Schubert and Eckhard Störmer AU - Schmid, E. AU - Sinabell, F. AU - Hofreither, M.F. CY - Cheltenham, UK and Northhampton, USA PB - Edward Elgar PY - 2007 SP - 109-122 ST - Sustainability in practice: a case study on the reorientation of the Common Agricultural Policy in Austria T2 - Sustainable Development in Europe: Concepts, Evaluation and Application. TI - Sustainability in practice: a case study on the reorientation of the Common Agricultural Policy in Austria ID - 2639 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A precipitation downscaling method is presented using precipitation from a general circulation model (GCM) as predictor. The method extends a previous method from monthly to daily temporal resolution. The simplest form of the method corrects for biases in wet-day frequency and intensity. A more sophisticated variant also takes account of flow-dependent biases in the GCM. The method is flexible and simple to implement. It is proposed here as a correction of GCM output for applications where sophisticated methods are not available, or as a benchmark for the evaluation of other downscaling methods. Applied to output from reanalyses (ECMWF, NCEP) in the region of the European Alps, the method is capable of reducing large biases in the precipitation frequency distribution, even for high quantiles. The two variants exhibit similar performances, but the ideal choice of method can depend on the GCM/reanalysis and it is recommended to test the methods in each case. Limitations of the method are found in small areas with unresolved topographic detail that influence higher-order statistics (e.g. high quantiles). When used as benchmark for three regional climate models (RCMs), the corrected reanalysis and the RCMs perform similarly in many regions, but the added value of the latter is evident for high quantiles in some small regions. Copyright © 2006 Royal Meteorological Society. AU - Schmidli, Jürg AU - Frei, Christoph AU - Vidale, Pier Luigi DO - 10.1002/joc.1287 IS - 5 KW - statistical downscaling European alps precipitation statistics regional climate model reanalysis PY - 2006 SN - 1097-0088 SP - 679-689 ST - Downscaling from GCM precipitation: a benchmark for dynamical and statistical downscaling methods T2 - International Journal of Climatology TI - Downscaling from GCM precipitation: a benchmark for dynamical and statistical downscaling methods UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/joc.1287 VL - 26 ID - 2640 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Schmidt, M. G. CY - Stuttgart PB - Kröner PY - 2010 SN - 10: 3520404028 13: 978-3520404022 ST - Wörterbuch zur Politik TI - Wörterbuch zur Politik ID - 2641 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Globally, soil organic matter (SOM) contains more than three times as much carbon as either the atmosphere or terrestrial vegetation. Yet it remains largely unknown why some SOM persists for millennia whereas other SOM decomposes readily and this limits our ability to predict how soils will respond to climate change. Recent analytical and experimental advances have demonstrated that molecular structure alone does not control SOM stability: in fact, environmental and biological controls predominate. Here we propose ways to include this understanding in a new generation of experiments and soil carbon models, thereby improving predictions of the SOM response to global warming. © 2011 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. AD - Department of Geography, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States Max Planck Research Group for Marine Geochemistry, University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany Max Planck Research Group for Marine Geochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, 30419 Hannover, Germany Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States Lehrstuhl fur Bodenkunde, Technische Universitatnchen, 85354 Freising, Germany Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Atkinson Center for A Sustainable Future, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Institute for Research on Environment and Sustainability, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE1 7RU, United Kingdom Department of Plant, Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Firenze, 50144 Firenze, Italy Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research, 1432 As, Norway Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute, 76100 Rehovot, Israel Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany Schmidt, M.W.I. Department of Geography, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland email: Michael.Schmidt@geo.uzh.ch AU - Schmidt, M. W. I. AU - Torn, M. S. AU - Abiven, S. AU - Dittmar, T. AU - Guggenberger, G. AU - Janssens, I. A. AU - Kleber, M. AU - Kögel-Knabner, I. AU - Lehmann, J. AU - Manning, D. A. C. AU - Nannipieri, P. AU - Rasse, D. P. AU - Weiner, S. AU - Trumbore, S. E. 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(2006) Environmental Science and Technology, 40 (15), pp. 4605-4611. , DOI 10.1021/es0608085 PY - 2011 SN - 00280836 SP - 49-56 ST - Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property T2 - Nature TI - Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80053916851&partnerID=40&md5=59a0df603ebce775c59afa1a481e86e6 VL - 478 ID - 3374 ER - TY - THES AU - Schmidt-Kloiber, A. LB - schm02 N1 - Diss. PB - Univ. f. Bodenkultur PY - 2002 SP - 1-151 ST - Deduktion der Fliessgewässer-Bioregionen auf Basis multivariater Analysen der wirbellosen Bodenfauna TI - Deduktion der Fliessgewässer-Bioregionen auf Basis multivariater Analysen der wirbellosen Bodenfauna ID - 2642 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schmidt-Vogt, H. PY - 1972 SP - 177-186 ST - Studien zur morphologischen Variabilität der Fichte (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) – 2. Untersuchungen zur morphologischen Variabilität der Fichte im europäischen Verbreitungsgebiet T2 - Allgemeine Forst und Jagdzeitung TI - Studien zur morphologischen Variabilität der Fichte (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) – 2. Untersuchungen zur morphologischen Variabilität der Fichte im europäischen Verbreitungsgebiet VL - 143 ID - 2643 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The increasing rate of erosion and slope-wasting in the Alps, and ever-present dangers from floods, flash flood deposits and avalanches, call for intensified investigation of these phenomena. Based on literature study and personal obersvations, this paper is an attempt to define the various types of movement concerned in the displacement of waste-material, in terms of the mechanics involved. It is hoped that the proposed classification of types of movement will aid more precise field identification of mass-displacement and a better understanding of the underlying relationship between the various types. On p. 312 the types of mass-displacement are schematically presented and classified in three main groups (vertical columns) according to their mechanism of movement. Whereas generally the geomorphologist only distinguishes between mass movement (Group 1) on the one hand and mass transport (Group 3) on the other, a third, transitional group of movements is identified here (Group 2), which includes all flowage movements of earth and rubble masses that have acquired plastic and quasi-viscous properties. The second basis of differentiation incorporated in the scheme of classification is rate of movement (from imperceptible slow to very rapid, i. e. faster than walkingpace), giving three subdivisions (horizontal bars) for each main group, i. e. 9 subgroups in all. Subgroups 1.3. (sliding) and 2.3. (solifluction) extend across two velocity ranges. Differentiation between types within the first main group is based on the nature and magnitude of the moving mass and on certain characteristics of the mechanism of movement. Main group 2 is subdivided into mass flowage movement from smooth slopes (on the left in the table) and mass flowage movement in the form of streams running down in slope rills (on the right in the table). Differentiation between earth and rubble depends on the relative preponderance of fine- or coarse-grained material in these masses. In the third main group the distinction between movement types is based on the nature of the transporting medium, e. g. snow, glacier ice, running water, etc. © 1972 Verlag Paul Parey. AD - Waldbau-Institut der Universität Freiburg i. Br., Freiburg, Germany Schmidt-Vogt, H. Waldbau-Institut der Universität Freiburg i. Br., Freiburg, Germany AU - Schmidt-Vogt, H. 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Freudenthal TI - Grundlagen zur Untersuchung der Temperaturverhältnisse in Fließgewässern VL - 6 ID - 2648 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schmitz, W. LB - schm55 PY - 1955 SP - 510-523 ST - Physiographische Aspekte der limnologischen Fließgewässertypen T2 - Arch. Hydrobiol., Stuttgart TI - Physiographische Aspekte der limnologischen Fließgewässertypen VL - 22 ID - 2649 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schmitz, W. LB - schm57 PY - 1957 SP - 465-498 ST - Die Bergbachzoozönosen und ihre Abgrenzung, dargestellt am Beispiel der oberen Fulda T2 - Arch. Hydrobiol., Stuttgart TI - Die Bergbachzoozönosen und ihre Abgrenzung, dargestellt am Beispiel der oberen Fulda VL - 53 ID - 2650 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Nachhaltige Entwicklung wird zwar immer stärker eingefordert, konnte bislang jedoch im globalen Rahmen nicht realisiert werden. Dies kann daran liegen, dass die Wertpräferenzen von Industriegesellschaften im Widerspruch zum Leitbild der nachhaltigen Entwicklung stehen. Um diese Annahme zu prüfen, werden aus einer philosophischen und einer psychologischen Perspektive heraus Werteklassifikationen analysiert. Folgende Dreiteilung von Werten bietet sich an: egoorientierte, soziale und ökologische. Für nachhaltige Entwicklung sind zum einen soziale Werthaltungen unabdingbar (intra- und intergenerationelle Gerechtigkeit), zum anderen ökologische Werthaltungen, die nicht-menschlichem und menschlichem Leben das gleiche Existenzrecht zugestehen (Gerechtigkeit zwischen Spezies, wie in der Erd-Charta formuliert). Den Ausklang bilden Gedanken zur Förderung dieser Werthaltungen. AU - SCHMUCK, P. KW - Umweltpsychologie, Wert, Werthaltung, nachhaltige Entwicklung PY - 2005 SE - 84 SP - 84-99 ST - Die Werte-Basis nachhaltiger Entwicklung T2 - Natur und Kultur TI - Die Werte-Basis nachhaltiger Entwicklung VL - 6/2 ID - 3544 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schmutz, S. CY - Wien LB - schm95 PB - Abt. für Hydrobiologie, Fischereiwirtschaft und Aquakultur, Inst. für Wasservorsorge, Gewässerökologie und Abfallwirtschaft. Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 1995 SP - 127 ST - Zonierung und Bestandsprognose von Bachforelle (Salmo trutta fario, L.), Regenbogenforelle (Oncorhynchus mykiss, WAL.) und Äsche (Thymallus thymallus, L.) anhand von Makrohabitatparametern in österreichischen Rhithralgewässern. TI - Zonierung und Bestandsprognose von Bachforelle (Salmo trutta fario, L.), Regenbogenforelle (Oncorhynchus mykiss, WAL.) und Äsche (Thymallus thymallus, L.) anhand von Makrohabitatparametern in österreichischen Rhithralgewässern ID - 2651 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schmutz, S. AU - Kaufmann, M. AU - Vogel, B. AU - Jungwirth, M. LB - schm00 PY - 2000 SP - 210 ST - Grundlagen zur Bewertung der fischökologischen Funktionsfähigkeit von Fliessgewässern T2 - Wien, Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Wasserwirtschaftskataster. TI - Grundlagen zur Bewertung der fischökologischen Funktionsfähigkeit von Fliessgewässern ID - 2652 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schneeberger, Christian AU - Blatter, Heinz AU - Abe-Ouchi, Ayako AU - Wild, Martin DA - 11/10/ DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00260-9 IS - 1–4 PY - 2003 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 145-163 ST - Modelling changes in the mass balance of glaciers of the northern hemisphere for a transient 2×CO2 scenario T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Modelling changes in the mass balance of glaciers of the northern hemisphere for a transient 2×CO2 scenario UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169403002609 VL - 282 ID - 3606 ER - TY - GEN AU - Schneider, Andrea CY - Kassel, Germany PY - 2010 ST - Klimawandel zukunftsfähig gestalten. Impact of climate change on thermal comfort in buildings T2 - Veranstaltung vom April 2010, aus der Reihe "Workshop Kassel, Thermal comfort and Urban Design TI - Klimawandel zukunftsfähig gestalten. Impact of climate change on thermal comfort in buildings ID - 2653 ER - TY - CONF AU - Schneider, F. AU - Enke, W. AU - Deutschländer, T. LB - schneider2003 N1 - Terra Nostra 2003/6, PS PY - 2003 SP - 380-384 ST - Eine Objektivierungsmethode für die Großwetterlagen nach Hess & Brezovsky T2 - 6. Deutsche Klimatagung, Potsdam TI - Eine Objektivierungsmethode für die Großwetterlagen nach Hess & Brezovsky ID - 2654 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schneider, H. W. AU - Brunner, P. AU - Mahlberg, B. PY - 2009 ST - Historische Gärten. Das touristische Potential von historischen Gärten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Österreichischen Bundesgärten. Studie im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft, Familie und Jugend. TI - Historische Gärten. Das touristische Potential von historischen Gärten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Österreichischen Bundesgärten. Studie im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Wirtschaft, Familie und Jugend. ID - 2655 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Umweltbundesamt AU - SCHNEIDER, Jörgen AU - LORBEER, Gundi DO - ISBN 3-85457-649-8 NV - BE 208 PY - 2002 ST - INHALTSSTOFFE VON PM 10- UND PM 2,5 AN ZWEI MESSSTATIONEN TI - INHALTSSTOFFE VON PM 10- UND PM 2,5 AN ZWEI MESSSTATIONEN ID - 2656 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schneider, S. H. AU - Root AU - T.L LB - schn01 PY - 2001 SP - 709-725 ST - Synergism of Climate Change and Ecology T2 - Encyclopedia of Biodiversity. Volume TI - Synergism of Climate Change and Ecology VL - 1 ID - 2657 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schneider, S.H. AU - Root AU - T.L. LB - schn01 PY - 2001 SP - 709-725 ST - Synergism of Climate Change and Ecology T2 - Encyclopedia of Biodiversity. Volume TI - Synergism of Climate Change and Ecology VL - 1 ID - 2658 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schneider, S. AU - Ahrens, B. AU - Steinacker, R. AU - Beck, A. 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Biologie und d Jagd ID - 2663 ER - TY - JOUR AU - E., SCHNUG AU - S., HANEKLAUS IS - 52 PY - 2002 SP - 197-203 ST - Landwirtschaftliche Produktionstechnik und Infiltration von Böden – Beitrag des ökologischen Landbaus zum vorbeugenden Hochwasserschutz T2 - Landbauforschung Völkenrode TI - Landwirtschaftliche Produktionstechnik und Infiltration von Böden – Beitrag des ökologischen Landbaus zum vorbeugenden Hochwasserschutz VL - 4 ID - 2664 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schöber, J. AU - Achleitner, S. AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Schöberl, F. AU - Schönlaub, H. DO - 10.5194/adgeo-27-99-2010 L1 - http://www.adv-geosci.net/27/99/2010/adgeo-27-99-2010.pdf PY - 2010 SN - 1680-7359 SP - 99-109 ST - Hydrological modelling of glacierized catchments focussing on the validation of simulated snow patterns - applications within the flood forecasting system of the Tyrolean river Inn T2 - Adv. Geosci. TI - Hydrological modelling of glacierized catchments focussing on the validation of simulated snow patterns - applications within the flood forecasting system of the Tyrolean river Inn UR - http://www.adv-geosci.net/27/99/2010/ VL - 27 ID - 3608 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schöber, J. AU - Achleitner, S. AU - Kirnbauer, R. AU - Schöberl, F. AU - Schönlaub, H. LB - Schober2012a PY - 2012 SP - 39-48 ST - Impact of snow state variation for design flood simulations in glacierized catchments T2 - Adv. Geosci. TI - Impact of snow state variation for design flood simulations in glacierized catchments UR - http://www.adv-geosci.net/31/39/2012/ VL - 31 ID - 3609 ER - TY - THES A3 - Schöberl, Fritz AU - Schöber, Johannes CY - Innsbruck PB - Universität Innsbruck PY - 2007 SP - 132 ST - Niederschlag – Abflussmodellierung für das Einzugsgebiet des Pegels Gepatschalm im Kaunertal mit HQsim T2 - Institut für Geographie TI - Niederschlag – Abflussmodellierung für das Einzugsgebiet des Pegels Gepatschalm im Kaunertal mit HQsim VL - Magister rer. nat. ID - 3607 ER - TY - SER AU - Schober, R. CY - Frankfurt am Main PB - Sauerländer PY - 1985 SP - 164 ST - Neue Ergebnisse des II. Internationalen Lärchenprovinienzversuches von 1958/59 nach Aufnahmen von Teilversuchen in 11 europäischen Ländern und den U.S.A. T3 - Schriften aus der Forstlichen Fakultät Göttingen und der Niedersächsischen Forstlichen Versuchsanstalt TI - Neue Ergebnisse des II. Internationalen Lärchenprovinienzversuches von 1958/59 nach Aufnahmen von Teilversuchen in 11 europäischen Ländern und den U.S.A. VL - Band 83 ID - 2665 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC02958631 AU - Schober, Reinhard CY - Hannover KW - L=EF=BF=BDrche Biologie Forstertrag N1 - Literaturverz. S. 282 - 285 UBBW Hauptbibl. Magazin I-28843/c Entlehnbar UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal WB-1202 Entlehnbar PB - Schaper PY - 1949 SP - 285 ST - Die Lärche TI - Die Lärche ID - 2666 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SCHÖGGL, G. PY - 2003 SP - 438-439 ST - Erfahrungen mit Wanzenstichweizen T2 - Mühle + Mischfutter TI - Erfahrungen mit Wanzenstichweizen VL - 140 ID - 2667 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Scholl, A. CY - Konstanz ET - 2. Auflage PB - UVK PY - 2009 ST - Die Befragung TI - Die Befragung ID - 2668 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This study estimates the implications of projected seasonal variations in rainfall quantities caused by climate change for water erosion rates by means of a modeling case study on sugar beet cultivation in the Central European region of Upper-Austria. A modified version of the revised Morgan–Morgan–Finney erosion model was used to assess soil losses in one conventional and three conservation tillage systems. The model was employed to a climatic reference scenario (1960–89) and a climate change scenario (2070–99). Data on precipitation changes for the 2070–99 scenario were based on the IPCC SRES A2 emission scenario as simulated by the regional climate model HadRM3H. Weather data in daily time-steps, for both scenarios, were generated by the stochastic weather generator LARS WG 3.0. The HadRM3H climate change simulation did not show any significant differences in annual precipitation totals, but strong seasonal shifts of rainfall amounts between 10 and 14% were apparent. This intra-annual precipitation change resulted in a net-decrease of rainfall amounts in erosion sensitive months and an overall increase of rainfall in a period, in which the considered agricultural area proved to be less prone to erosion. The predicted annual average soil losses under climate change declined in all tillage systems by 11 to 24%, which is inside the margins of uncertainty typically attached to climate change impact studies. Annual soil erosion rates in the conventional tillage system exceeded 10 t ha− 1 a− 1 in both climate scenarios. Compared to these unsustainably high soil losses the conservation tillage systems show reduced soil erosion rates by between 49 and 87%. The study highlights the importance of seasonal changes in climatic parameters for the discussion about the impacts of global climate change on future soil erosion rates in Central Europe. The results also indicate the high potential of adaptive land-use management for climate change response strategies in the agricultural sector. AU - Scholz, Gerald AU - Quinton, John N. AU - Strauss, Peter IS - 1 KW - Climate change Soil erosion Precipitation Sugar beet Conservation agriculture Erosion modelling N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2007.04.005 PY - 2008 SN - 0341-8162 SP - 91-105 ST - Soil erosion from sugar beet in Central Europe in response to climate change induced seasonal precipitation variations T2 - CATENA TI - Soil erosion from sugar beet in Central Europe in response to climate change induced seasonal precipitation variations UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S034181620700063X VL - 72 ID - 2669 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Scholz, R. W. AU - Bösch, S. AU - Mieg, H. A. AU - Stünzi, J. (Hrsg) CY - Zürich PB - Verlag der Fachvereine PY - 1997 ST - Zentrum Zürich Nord, Stadt im Aufbruch: Bausteine für eine nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung T2 - Fallstudie 1996 TI - Zentrum Zürich Nord, Stadt im Aufbruch: Bausteine für eine nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung ID - 2670 ER - TY - WEB AU - SCHOLZ, V. AU - BOELCKE, B. AU - BURGER, F. AU - HOFMANN, M. AU - VETTER, A. CY - Potsdam-Bornim M1 - 24.05.2009 PB - KTBL PY - 2006 ST - Merkblatt Produktion von Pappeln und Weiden auf landwirtschaftlichen Flächen. KTBL-Datensammlung Energiepflanzen TI - Merkblatt Produktion von Pappeln und Weiden auf landwirtschaftlichen Flächen. KTBL-Datensammlung Energiepflanzen UR - http://www.dendrom.de/daten/downloads/ktbl_merkblatt.pdf ID - 2671 ER - TY - UNPB AU - SCHÖN, W. PY - 2006 ST - Portal für Schmetterlinge/Raupen TI - Portal für Schmetterlinge/Raupen UR - http://www.schmetterling-raupe.de/art/armigera.htm ID - 2672 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Schönbeck, H. PY - 1955 SP - 2-5 ST - Die Verbreitung des Alpenschneehuhnes in der Steiermark. Vogelkundliche Nachrichten aus Österreich Folge 6: 2-5. T2 - Vogelkundliche Nachrichten aus Österreich TI - Die Verbreitung des Alpenschneehuhnes in der Steiermark VL - Folge 6 ID - 2673 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SCHÖNBECK, H. PY - 1955 ST - Die Verbreitung des Alpenschneehuhnes in der Steiermark. Vogelkundliche Nachrichten aus Österreich Folge 6: 2-5. TI - Die Verbreitung des Alpenschneehuhnes in der Steiermark. Vogelkundliche Nachrichten aus Österreich Folge 6: 2-5 ID - 2674 ER - TY - RPRT AU - W., Schöner AU - I., Auer AU - R., Böhm AU - S., Thaler CY - Wien PY - 2003 ST - StartClim1-Quality control and statistical characteristics of selected climate parameters on the basis of daily values in the face of extreme values analysis T2 - Endbericht, StartClim-Start Project Climate Protection TI - StartClim1-Quality control and statistical characteristics of selected climate parameters on the basis of daily values in the face of extreme values analysis ID - 2675 ER - TY - RPRT AU - W., Schöner AU - E.-M., Dos Santos Cardoso CY - Projektbericht, Institut für Meteorologie und Geodynamik PY - 2005 ST - Reclip-more: Statistical downscaling and spatial refinement of dynamically downscaled data TI - Reclip-more: Statistical downscaling and spatial refinement of dynamically downscaled data ID - 2676 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schöner, W. AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Thaler, S. CY - Wien PY - 2003 ST - Qualitätskontrolle und statistische Eigenschaften ausgewählter Klimaparameter auf Tageswertbasis im Hinblick auf Extremwerteanalysen T2 - Teilprojekt von StartClim Startprojekt Klimaschutz: Erste Analysen extremer Wetterereignisse und ihrer Auswirkungen in Österreich TI - Qualitätskontrolle und statistische Eigenschaften ausgewählter Klimaparameter auf Tageswertbasis im Hinblick auf Extremwerteanalysen ID - 2677 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schöner, W. AU - Auer, I. AU - Böhm, R. AU - Thaler, S. LB - schoener2003 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2003 RP - StClB-Lit SP - 1-35 ST - Qualitätskontrolle und statistische Eigenschaften ausgewählter Klimaparameter auf Tageswertebasis im Hinblick auf Extremwertanalysen TI - Qualitätskontrolle und statistische Eigenschaften ausgewählter Klimaparameter auf Tageswertebasis im Hinblick auf Extremwertanalysen UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 2678 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schönian, G. AU - Nasereddin, A. AU - Dinse, N. AU - Schweynoch, C. AU - Schallig, H.D. AU - Presber, W. AU - Jaffe, C.L. PY - 2003 SP - 349-358 ST - PCR diagnosis and characterization of Leishmania in local and imported clinical samples T2 - Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease TI - PCR diagnosis and characterization of Leishmania in local and imported clinical samples VL - 47 ID - 2679 ER - TY - BOOK AU - C.D., Schönwiese PB - Gebrüder Borntraeger-Berlin PY - 2006 SE - 302 SN - 10: 3443010571 13: 9783443010577 ST - Praktische Statistik für Meteorologen und Geowissenschaftler TI - Praktische Statistik für Meteorologen und Geowissenschaftler VL - 4 ID - 2680 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Schönwiese, Christian-Dietrich CY - Stuttgart LB - scho94a PB - Verlag Eugen Ulmer PY - 1994 SP - 436 ST - Klimatologie T2 - UTB für Wissenschaft, Nr. 1793 TI - Klimatologie ID - 2681 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schopf, A. LB - scho97 PY - 1997 SP - 25-34 ST - Möglicher Einfluß einer Klimaänderung auf das Schädlingsauftreten von Forstinsekten T2 - Klimaänderung - Mögliche Einflüsse auf den Wald und waldbauliche Anpassungsstrategien. Österr. Forstverein, Wien TI - Möglicher Einfluß einer Klimaänderung auf das Schädlingsauftreten von Forstinsekten ID - 2682 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Forstverein AU - Schopf, A. PY - 1997 SP - 25-34 ST - Möglicher Einfluß einer Klimaänderung auf das Schädlingsauftreten von Forstinsekten T2 - In: Klimaänderung. Mögliche Einflüsse auf den Wald und waldbauliche Anpassungsstrategien TI - Möglicher Einfluß einer Klimaänderung auf das Schädlingsauftreten von Forstinsekten ID - 2683 ER - TY - RPRT AB - Anhand einer Kartierung der Prädisposition der Standorte und Bestände im Nationalpark Kalkalpen für einen Borkenkäferbefall sollen in Kombination mit der Anwendung eines auf Topoklimamodellen basierenden Borkenkäferentwicklung-Modells Risikoflächen für die Massenvermehrung des Schädlings ausgewiesen werden. Die Daten sollen einerseits als Basis für die Einrichtung einer Pufferzone im Randbereich des Nationalparks dienen, in der notwendige Bekämpfungsmaßnahmen zum Schutz von angrenzenden Wirtschaftswäldern durchgeführt werden. Andererseits können somit auch Flächen aufzeigt werden, in denen durch ein vermindertes oder fehlendes Gefährdungspotential auf Forstschutzmaßnahmen verzichtet werden kann. AU - Schopf, A. AU - Baier, P. AU - Netherer, S. AU - Pennerstorfer, J. KW - Forstentomologie Borkenkäfer Ips typographus Massenvermehrung Modelierung Risikoabschätzung PB - Institut für Forstentomologie, Forstpathologie und Forstschutz Institut für Vermessung, Fernerkundung und Landinformation PY - 2004 ST - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen TI - Risikoabschätzung von Borkenkäfer-Massenvermehrungen im Nationalpark Kalkalpen ID - 2684 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schopf, A. AU - Hoch AU - G LB - scho97b PY - 1997 SP - 195-203 ST - Zur Bionomie und Bedeutung von Glyptapanteles liparidis (Hym. Braconidae) als Regulator von Lymantria dispar (Lep., Lymantriidae) in Gebieten mit unterschiedlicher Populationsdichte T2 - J. Appl. Ent. TI - Zur Bionomie und Bedeutung von Glyptapanteles liparidis (Hym. Braconidae) als Regulator von Lymantria dispar (Lep., Lymantriidae) in Gebieten mit unterschiedlicher Populationsdichte VL - 12 ID - 2685 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schopf, A. AU - Hoch AU - G. LB - scho97b PY - 1997 SP - 195-203 ST - Zur Bionomie und Bedeutung von Glyptapanteles liparidis (Hym. Braconidae) als Regulator von Lymantria dispar (Lep., Lymantriidae) in Gebieten mit unterschiedlicher Populationsdichte T2 - J. Appl. Ent. TI - Zur Bionomie und Bedeutung von Glyptapanteles liparidis (Hym. Braconidae) als Regulator von Lymantria dispar (Lep., Lymantriidae) in Gebieten mit unterschiedlicher Populationsdichte VL - 12 ID - 2686 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schorer, D. M. CY - Bern M3 - Workshopbericht PB - Organe consultatif sur les changements climatiques, Beratendes Organ für Fragen der Klimaänderung PY - 2000 ST - Trockenheit in der Schweiz, Klimaänderung Schweiz TI - Trockenheit in der Schweiz, Klimaänderung Schweiz ID - 2687 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schorer, D. M. PY - 2000 ST - Trockenheit in der Schweiz, Klimaänderung Schweiz. Workshopbe-richt, Bern, Organe consultatif sur les changements climatiques, Beratendes Organ für Fragen der Klimaänderung. TI - Trockenheit in der Schweiz, Klimaänderung Schweiz. Workshopbe-richt, Bern, Organe consultatif sur les changements climatiques, Beratendes Organ für Fragen der Klimaänderung ID - 2688 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schorer, M. LB - schorer1992 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1992 SP - 1992 ST - Extreme Trockensommer in der Schweiz und ihre Folgen für Natur und Wirtschaft T2 - Geographica Bernensia, Bd. G TI - Extreme Trockensommer in der Schweiz und ihre Folgen für Natur und Wirtschaft VL - 40 ID - 2689 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schorer, M. LB - schorer2000 M3 - Workshopbericht PB - OcCC - Beratendes Organ für Fragen der Klimaänderung PY - 2000 ST - Trockenheit in der Schweiz TI - Trockenheit in der Schweiz ID - 2690 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Württemberg, Ber. Landesanstalt f. Umweltschutz Baden- AU - Schreiber, K-F. CY - Karlsruhe PY - 1997 SP - 153-162 ST - Sukzessionen - eine Bilanz der Grünlandbracheversuche in Baden-Württemberg TI - Sukzessionen - eine Bilanz der Grünlandbracheversuche in Baden-Württemberg VL - 9 ID - 2691 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Schreiber, K.-F. AU - Brauckmann, H.-J. AU - Broll, G. et al. CY - Heidelberg PB - Verlag Regionalkultur PY - 2009 SE - 421 ST - Artenreiches Grünland in der Kulturlandschaft – 35 Jahre Offenhaltungsversuche Baden-Württemberg TI - Artenreiches Grünland in der Kulturlandschaft – 35 Jahre Offenhaltungsversuche Baden-Württemberg ID - 2692 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schröder, Henning K. AU - Andersen, Hans Estrup AU - Kiehl, Kathrin AU - Kenkel, N. DA - 2011/11/08 DO - doi 10.1658/1100-9233(2005)016[0373:RTMETR]2.0.CO;2 10.1658/1100-9233(2005)016[0373:RTMETR]2.0.CO;2 IS - 4 N1 - doi: 10.1658/1100-9233(2005)016[0373:RTMETR]2.0.CO;2 PY - 2005 SN - 1100-9233 SP - 373-382 ST - Rejecting the mean: Estimating the response of fen plant species to environmental factors by non-linear quantile regression T2 - Journal of Vegetation Science TI - Rejecting the mean: Estimating the response of fen plant species to environmental factors by non-linear quantile regression UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1658/1100-9233(2005)016[0373:RTMETR]2.0.CO VL - 16 ID - 2693 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Global change will alter the supply of ecosystem services that are vital for human well-being. To investigate ecosystem service supply during the 21st century, we used a range of ecosystem models and scenarios of climate and land-use change to conduct a Europe-wide assessment. Large changes in climate and land use typically resulted in large changes in ecosystem service supply. Some of these trends may be positive (for example, increases in forest area and productivity) or offer opportunities (for example, “surplus land” for agricultural extensification and bioenergy production). However, many changes increase vulnerability as a result of a decreasing supply of ecosystem services (for example, declining soil fertility, declining water availability, increasing risk of forest fires), especially in the Mediterranean and mountain regions. AU - Schröter, Dagmar AU - Cramer, Wolfgang AU - Leemans, Rik AU - Prentice, I. Colin AU - Araújo, Miguel B. AU - Arnell, Nigel W. AU - Bondeau, Alberte AU - Bugmann, Harald AU - Carter, Timothy R. AU - Gracia, Carlos A. AU - de la Vega-Leinert, Anne C. AU - Erhard, Markus AU - Ewert, Frank AU - Glendining, Margaret AU - House, Joanna I. AU - Kankaanpää, Susanna AU - Klein, Richard J. T. AU - Lavorel, Sandra AU - Lindner, Marcus AU - Metzger, Marc J. AU - Meyer, Jeannette AU - Mitchell, Timothy D. AU - Reginster, Isabelle AU - Rounsevell, Mark AU - Sabaté, Santi AU - Sitch, Stephen AU - Smith, Ben AU - Smith, Jo AU - Smith, Pete AU - Sykes, Martin T. AU - Thonicke, Kirsten AU - Thuiller, Wilfried AU - Tuck, Gill AU - Zaehle, Sönke AU - Zierl, Bärbel DA - November 25, 2005 DO - 10.1126/science.1115233 IS - 5752 PY - 2005 SP - 1333-1337 ST - Ecosystem Service Supply and Vulnerability to Global Change in Europe T2 - Science TI - Ecosystem Service Supply and Vulnerability to Global Change in Europe UR - http://www.sciencemag.org/content/310/5752/1333.abstract VL - 310 ID - 2694 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schubert, S. AU - Henderson-Sellers, A. LB - schubert1997 PY - 1997 SP - 223-234 ST - A statistical model to downscale local daily temperature extremes from synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation patterns in the Australian region T2 - Climate Dyn. TI - A statistical model to downscale local daily temperature extremes from synoptic-scale atmospheric circulation patterns in the Australian region VL - 13 ID - 2695 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schubert, Sascha LB - schu98a N1 - der artikel beschäftigt sich mit dem regionalisieren von mini/max temperaturen in australien; observed ist auf der groben skala das tägliche MSLP feld (1.5x2 grad latlon), das auf das (5.6x3.2 grad latlon) CSIRO gitter uminterpoliert wird; lokal gibt es 40 stationen; es werden EOF und PCs des groben feldes gebildet und ein (stepwise)MLR transfermodell erstellt; fitting 1979-82 und 1985-88; validierunug 83/84 (täglich), gute ergebnisse, varianz zu gering - verbesserung bei einschluss der vortagsanomalie als predik.!keine verbesserung bei verwendung von nicht linearen ansätzen und ANNs; recht viel statistik zum vergleich GCM cr zu observed, und downscaled zu obs., etc. - nützlich als bslp, was zu untersuchen sich event. lohnt; anwendung auf GCM cr(glaub heisst 1xCO_2) und dr(2xCO_2) zum downscalen - gegenueber der erwärmung des GCM(4-5 grad) bringt das downgesc. erg. fast nichts an erwärmung (kleiner 1 grad)! er schließt daher, daß die erwärmung nicht von der zirkulation gesteuert ist und verweißt auf andere autoren, die ähnliches fanden u.a. kids95, zori95, saun96, watt96 PY - 1998 SP - 1419-1438 ST - DOWNSCALING LOCAL EXTREME TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA FROM CSIRO MARK2 GCM T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - DOWNSCALING LOCAL EXTREME TEMPERATURE CHANGES IN SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA FROM CSIRO MARK2 GCM VL - 18 ID - 2696 ER - TY - RPRT AU - SCHULTZE, U. AU - RASCHKA, H.-D. CY - Vienna: FBVA PY - 2002 ST - Douglasienherkünfte für den "Sommerwarmen Osten" Österreichs T2 - Ergebnisse aus Douglasien-Herkunftsversuchen des Insituts für Forstgenetik. TI - Douglasienherkünfte für den "Sommerwarmen Osten" Österreichs ID - 2697 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schulze, E. Detlef AU - Freibauer, Annette LB - schulze:05 PY - 2005 SP - 205-206 ST - Carbon unlocked from soils T2 - Nature TI - Carbon unlocked from soils VL - 437 ID - 2698 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Schumann AU - Meyer AU - Ströbele ET - 7 LB - schumann1999 PB - Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelber New York PY - 1999 SP - 213-427 ST - Grundzüge der Mikroökonomischen Theorie TI - Grundzüge der Mikroökonomischen Theorie ID - 2699 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Schumann AU - Meyer AU - Ströbele ET - 7 LB - schumann1999 PB - Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelber New York PY - 1999 SP - 213-427 ST - Grundzüge der Mikroökonomischen Theorie TI - Grundzüge der Mikroökonomischen Theorie ID - 2700 ER - TY - WEB AU - SCHUSTER, K. M1 - 27.04.2009 PY - 2008 ST - Rückblick über zwei Jahre Kurzumtrieb in Niederösterreich TI - Rückblick über zwei Jahre Kurzumtrieb in Niederösterreich UR - http://www.agrarnet.info ID - 2701 ER - TY - UNPB AU - SCHUSTER, K. PY - 2009 ST - Kurzumtrieb in Niederösterreich TI - Kurzumtrieb in Niederösterreich ID - 2702 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The form and magnitude of storm damage and stand disclosure patterns were assessed in 332 randomly chosen pure and regular stands of spruce (Picea abies L.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) after storm lothar, within a region of the Swiss Midlands. This data was analysed in relation to maximal wind speed, measured with Doppler radar techniques and other influential factors such as relief, allometric characteristics, silvicultural history, and neighbourhood. In addition, storm damage, assessed from aerial photographs over an extended perimeter (about 70,000 ha) was considered. A storm of the magnitude of lothar (December 26 1999), with an average maximal wind speed of 45 m s−1 (160 km h−1) appears to have a highly chaotic wind field structure, with great spatial and temporal variation of wind gusts. Wind speeds were not a significant predictor for damage in spruce stands and only weakly influential for beech. The consequences of this high randomness were analysed to estimate the return time of such a storm at the stand level. It lies between 86 and 113 years for spruce, 357 and 408 for beech. Only a few independent variables were significant and the overall explanatory strength of the model was unexpectedly low (R 2=0.07 for spruce and 0.30 for beech). Among the more reliable predisposing factors were mixture and aspect combined with gradient. An admixture of 10% or more broadleaved tree species or wind-firm conifers like Douglas fir [Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco] significantly reduced the vulnerability of spruce stands (by a factor of more than three). On wind-exposed aspects, damage was more than twice the average. Steeper slopes caused a significant reduction in susceptibility (by a factor of six for slopes over 50%, in comparison to gentle slopes <20%). Other factors such as height to diameter ratio of trees or time since last thinning did not appear to be significant predictors. AU - Schütz, Jean-Philippe AU - Götz, Michael AU - Schmid, Willi AU - Mandallaz, Daniel DO - 10.1007/s10342-006-0111-0 IS - 3 KW - Storm damage Stability Risks Return time Thinning LA - English N1 - Eur J Forest Res PY - 2006 SN - 1612-4669 SP - 291-302 ST - Vulnerability of spruce (Picea abies) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest stands to storms and consequences for silviculture T2 - European Journal of Forest Research TI - Vulnerability of spruce (Picea abies) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) forest stands to storms and consequences for silviculture UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10342-006-0111-0 VL - 125 ID - 2703 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Hydrologie, Geographisches Institut der Universität Bern AU - Schwab, Manfred AU - Daly, Christopher AU - Frei, Christoph AU - Schär, Christoph LB - schw2001a PB - Bundesamt für Landestopographie, Wabern - Bern PY - 2001 ST - Hydrologischer Atlas der Schweiz TI - Hydrologischer Atlas der Schweiz ID - 2704 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schwartz, E. AU - Hatz, C. AU - Blum, J. PY - 2006 SP - 342-349 ST - New world cutaneous leishmaniasis in travellers T2 - Lancet Infect Dis. TI - New world cutaneous leishmaniasis in travellers VL - 6 ID - 2705 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schwartz, M. D. AU - Reed, B. C. AU - White, M. A. LB - schw02 PY - 2002 SP - 1793-1805 ST - Assessing satellite-derived start-of-season measures in the conterminous USA T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Assessing satellite-derived start-of-season measures in the conterminous USA VL - 22 ID - 2706 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schwartz, M. D. AU - Reiter, B. E. LB - schw00 PY - 2000 SP - 929-932 ST - Changes in North American spring T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Changes in North American spring VL - 20 ID - 2707 ER - TY - GEN AU - Schwartz, S. H. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S0065-2601(08)60281-6 J2 - Adv. Exp. Soc. Psychol. LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):2634 PY - 1992 SN - 00652601 SP - 1-65 ST - Universals in the Content and Structure of Values: Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests in 20 Countries T2 - Advances in Experimental Social Psychology TI - Universals in the Content and Structure of Values: Theoretical Advances and Empirical Tests in 20 Countries UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77954025485&partnerID=40&md5=2d5adaa8169547fa21e907748d1a0ed1 VL - 25 ID - 3545 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Seligman, C. A2 - Olson, J.M. A2 - Zanna, M.P. AU - SCHWARTZ, S.H. PB - Taylor & Francis Group PY - 1996 SN - 9780805815740 ST - Value Priorities and Behavior: Applying a Theory of Integrated Value Systems T2 - The Psychology of Values TI - Value Priorities and Behavior: Applying a Theory of Integrated Value Systems UR - http://books.google.at/books?id=q5CUHmtlTz0C ID - 3552 ER - TY - BOOK AU - SCHWARZ, A., ETTER, J., KÜNZLER, R., POTTER, C. AU - RAUCHENSTEIN, H. R. CY - Zollikofen PB - Verl. Landwirtschaftliche Lehrmittelzentrale PY - 1990 ST - Pflanzenschutz im Integrierten Gemüsebau TI - Pflanzenschutz im Integrierten Gemüsebau ID - 2708 ER - TY - BOOK AU - SCHWARZ, A. AU - ETTER, J. AU - KÜNZLER, R. AU - POTTER, C. AU - RAUCHENSTEIN, H.R. CY - Zollikofen PB - Verl. Landwirtschaftliche Lehrmittelzentrale PY - 1990 ST - Pflanzenschutz im Integrierten Gemüsebau TI - Pflanzenschutz im Integrierten Gemüsebau ID - 2709 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Schwarzbach, Martin CY - Stuttgart LB - schw50a PB - Ferdinand Enke Verlag PY - 1950 SP - 211 ST - Das Klima der Vorzeit - Eine Einführung in die Paleoklimatologie TI - Das Klima der Vorzeit - Eine Einführung in die Paleoklimatologie ID - 2710 ER - TY - GEN AU - Schwarzbauer, P. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 1993 ST - Der österreichische Holzmarkt im Modell. EG - Waldsterben - Zell- stoffmarkt. T2 - Schriftenreihe des Instituts für forstliche Betriebswirtschaft und Forstwirtschaftspolitik TI - Der österreichische Holzmarkt im Modell. EG - Waldsterben - Zell- stoffmarkt. VL - Bd. 17 ID - 3487 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schwarzbauer, P. PY - 1989 SP - 7-10,13-15 ST - Modellstudie über die Folgen eines EG-Beitritts für die österreichischen Holzmärkte T2 - Internationaler Holzmarkt TI - Modellstudie über die Folgen eines EG-Beitritts für die österreichischen Holzmärkte VL - 22,23 ID - 3486 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In the international discussion on labels for sustainably produced wood products based on the certification of sustainable forest management (SFM), little attention has been paid to what is probably the most crucial part of any market-based instrument: the potential impact on forest products markets. This paper analyses the potential impact of SFM-certification on forest products markets using a simulation model of the Western European forest sector. Two scenarios with assumptions regarding certification (chain-of-custody costs, timber supply reduction from certified forests) are projected for the period 1995-2015 and tested against the results of a base scenario ('business as usual'). In general, the results show that rather modest changes are to be expected from SFM-certification in forest products markets. The market impact of a timber supply reduction from certified forest would be more distinct than the impacts of chain-of-custody costs. Industry gross profits would decrease more than production. Due to the large share of roundwood costs in total costs, the sawmill industry would be affected more by even small changes in raw-material prices than the panel and paper industry. © 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. AD - University of Agricultural Sciences, Vienna, Inst. Forest Sector Plcy. E., Vienna, Austria Schwarzbauer, P. University of Agricultural Sciences, Vienna, Inst. Forest Sector Plcy. E., Vienna, Austria email: e.rametsteiner@lu-vienna.at AU - Schwarzbauer, P. AU - Rametsteiner, E. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S1389-9341(01)00029-6 IS - 3-4 J2 - For. Policy Econ. KW - Certification of sustainable forest management Forest sector simulation model Scenario analysis Western Europe LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):19 CODEN: FPEOA References: Baharuddin, H., Simula, M., (1997) Timber Certification: Progress and Issues, , Report for the ITTO. Yokohama, Japan; Binkley, C., Dykstra, D., Timber supply (1987) The Global Forest Sector - An Analytical Perspective, pp. 508-533. , M. Kallio, D. Dykstra, & C. Binkley. New York: John Wiley & Sons; Electronic FAO Database - Forestry, , http://apps.fao.org/cgi-bin/nph-db.pl?subset=forestry, FAOSTAT; Kallio, M., Dykstra, D., Binkley, C., (1987) The Global Forest Sector - An Analytical Perspective, , (Eds.) John Wiley & Sons, New York; Rametsteiner, E., (2000) Sustainable Forest Management Certification. Frame Conditions, System Designs and Impact Assessment, , Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe, Liaison Unit, Vienna; Rametsteiner, E., Schwarzbauer, P., Introduction (1999) Potential Markets for Certified Forest Products in Europe. EFI Proceedings, 25, pp. 13-19. , B. Pajari, T. Peck, & E. Rametsteiner; Schwarzbauer, P., (1993) Der Österreichische Holzmarkt Im Modell. EG-Waldsterben-Zellstoffmarkt. Schriftenreihe des Instituts für Forstliche Betriebswirtschaft und Forstwirtschaftspolitik, 17. , Vienna: Universität für Bodenkultur; Schwarzbauer, P., (1993) Comparison of Two Models of the Austrian Forest Sector, , Laxenburg: IIASA. IIASA Working Paper WP-90-23; Schwarzbauer, P., Austria (1997) Demand and Supply Analyses of Roundwood and Forest Products Markets in Europe. EFI Proceedings No., 17, pp. 7-44. , In: Solberg B., Moiseyev A., (Eds.); Sedjo, R.A., Swallow, S.K., Goetzl, A., Forest products trade and certification: An economic assessment (1998) Proceedings of the XIth World Forestry Congress, Antalya, Turkey, , Rome: FAO; Sommer, M., (1981) System Dynamics und Makroökonometrie - Dynamische Makroökonomische Modellierung in Multimethodischer Sicht, , Bern and Stuttgart: Paul Haupt; Tromborg, E., Buongiorno, J., Solberg, B., The global timber market: Implication of changes in economic growth, timber supply, and technological trends (2000) Forest Policy and Economics, 1, pp. 53-69; (1993) The Forest Resources of the Temperate Zones, 1. , UN-ECE/FAO The UN-ECE/FAO 1990 Forest Resource Assessment ECE/TIM/62, New York; (1996) European Timber Trends and Prospects: Into the 21st Century, , UN-ECE/FAO Geneva. Timber and Forest Study Papers. ECE/TIM/SP/11, New York and Geneva; (1996) European Forests and Timber: Scenarios into the 21st Century, , UN-ECE/FAO Geneva Timber and Forest Discussion Papers. ECE/TIM/DP/10, New York and Geneva PY - 2001 SN - 13899341 SP - 241-256 ST - The impact of SFM-certification on forest product markets in Western Europe - An analysis using a forest sector simulation model T2 - Forest Policy and Economics TI - The impact of SFM-certification on forest product markets in Western Europe - An analysis using a forest sector simulation model UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0040375938&partnerID=40&md5=990422c0371380c9f15e2574430d87c9 VL - 2 ID - 3484 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schwarzbauer, P. AU - Stern, T. PY - 2010 SP - 31-38 ST - Energy vs. Material: Uses of Wood Biomass - Economic Impacts of Alternative Scenarios for the Forest-based Sector in Austria T2 - Forest Policy and Economics TI - Energy vs. Material: Uses of Wood Biomass - Economic Impacts of Alternative Scenarios for the Forest-based Sector in Austria VL - 1 ID - 3485 ER - TY - GEN AU - Schwarzbauer, P. AU - Stern, T. AU - Koch, S. PB - Lebensministerium PY - 2011 SP - 17 ST - Assessment of Wood Supply and Demand in Austria until 2020 TI - Assessment of Wood Supply and Demand in Austria until 2020 ID - 3488 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schwarzbauer, Peter AU - Weinfurter, Stefan AU - Stern, Tobias AU - Koch, Sebastian IS - 0 J2 - Forest Policy and Economics KW - Forest-based sector Roundwood markets Wood products markets Wooden biomass and energy production Simulation model N1 - 1389-9341 PY - 2013 SP - 13-22 ST - Economic crises: Impacts on the forest-based sector and wood-based energy use in Austria TI - Economic crises: Impacts on the forest-based sector and wood-based energy use in Austria UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389934112002535 VL - 27 ID - 3489 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schwarze, R. AU - Wagner, G. CY - Berlin LB - schwarze2002b N1 - Wochenbericht PB - DIW PY - 2002 RP - Wochenbericht SN - 35 ST - Hochwasserkatastrophe in Deutschland: Über Soforthilfen Hinausdenken TI - Hochwasserkatastrophe in Deutschland: Über Soforthilfen Hinausdenken ID - 2711 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schwarze, R. AU - Wagner, G. CY - Berlin LB - schwarze2002 M3 - Wochenbericht PB - DIW PY - 2002 SN - 12 ST - Marktkonforme Versicherungspflicht Für Naturkatastrophen - Bausteine Einer Elementarschadenversicherung TI - Marktkonforme Versicherungspflicht Für Naturkatastrophen - Bausteine Einer Elementarschadenversicherung ID - 2712 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Radits, F. A2 - Rauch, F. A2 - Kattmann, U. AU - Schwarzl, I. CY - Innsbruck PB - Studienverlag Ges.m.b.H PY - 2005 SP - 277-305 ST - Klimaforschung mit Schulen: Zwei Projekte an der Schnittstelle Wissenschaft und Bildung aus der Sicht einer Naturwissenschaftlerin T2 - Gemeinsam forschen - gemeinsam lernen TI - Klimaforschung mit Schulen: Zwei Projekte an der Schnittstelle Wissenschaft und Bildung aus der Sicht einer Naturwissenschaftlerin ID - 2713 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schwarzl, I. AU - Lang, E. PY - 2004 ST - "Hängen Hitze und Leistungsfähigkeit zusammen?" Ein Projekt an der Schnittstelle Wissenschaft und Bildung. TI - "Hängen Hitze und Leistungsfähigkeit zusammen?" Ein Projekt an der Schnittstelle Wissenschaft und Bildung UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=43 ID - 2714 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Schwarzl, I. AU - W, Haas LB - schwarzl2003 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 2003 RP - StClB-Lit ST - Kommunikation an der Schnittstelle Wissenschaft-Bildung TI - Kommunikation an der Schnittstelle Wissenschaft-Bildung UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 2715 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schweder, H. LB - schw92 PY - 1992 SP - 353-377 ST - Neue Indices für die Bewertung des ökologischen Zustandes von Fließgewässern, abgeleitet aus der Makroinvertebraten-Ernährungstypologie T2 - Limnologie aktuell TI - Neue Indices für die Bewertung des ökologischen Zustandes von Fließgewässern, abgeleitet aus der Makroinvertebraten-Ernährungstypologie VL - 3 ID - 2716 ER - TY - GEN AU - Schweiz, ProClim LB - proclim2003 ST - Climate Facts TI - Climate Facts ID - 2717 ER - TY - GEN AU - Schwerdtfeger, F. LB - schw63 PY - 1963 ST - 1965, 1975: Ökologie der Tiere TI - 1965, 1975: Ökologie der Tiere ID - 2718 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We report a case of mucosal leishmaniasis in a traveler returning from South America. The traveler developed nasal symptoms 2 months after the appearance of cutaneous ulcers. Diagnosis of mucosal Leishmania viannia braziliensis infection was made 5 years later. The clinical presentation and diagnosis for the patient are reported, and previous cases in travelers are reviewed. We recommend that mucosal examination should be part of follow-up for L. viannia braziliensis infection in travelers. Mucosal leishmaniasis should be part of the differential diagnosis of mucosal lesions in patients with a history of travel to South America, however remote the likelihood of infection. AU - Scope, A. AU - Trau, H. AU - Bakon, M. AU - Yarom, N. AU - Nasereddin, A. AU - Schwartz, E. DA - September 15, 2003 DO - 10.1086/377045 IS - 6 PY - 2003 SP - e83-e87 ST - Imported Mucosal Leishmaniasis in a Traveler T2 - Clinical Infectious Diseases TI - Imported Mucosal Leishmaniasis in a Traveler UR - http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/37/6/e83.abstract VL - 37 ID - 2719 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SEAL, D. R., CHALFANT, R. B. AU - HALL, M. R. PY - 1992 SP - 969-974 ST - Effects of cultural practices on rotational crops on abundance of wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) affecting sweetpotato in Georgia T2 - Environmental Entomology TI - Effects of cultural practices on rotational crops on abundance of wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) affecting sweetpotato in Georgia VL - 21 ID - 2720 ER - TY - GEN AU - Securitites, Marsh AU - Lennan, Mc LB - marsh2003 PY - 2003 ST - Market Update: The Cat Bond Market at Year-End 2002 TI - Market Update: The Cat Bond Market at Year-End 2002 ID - 2721 ER - TY - GEN AU - Securitites, Marsh AU - Mc, Lennan LB - marsh2003 PY - 2003 ST - Market Update: The Cat Bond Market at Year-End 2002 TI - Market Update: The Cat Bond Market at Year-End 2002 ID - 2722 ER - TY - WEB AU - Seftigen, K. M1 - 8.6.2011 PY - 2010 UR - http://www.gvc.gu.se/Department_of_earth_sciences/staff/staff/thorsson-sofia/current-projects/urban-tourism-and-climate-change/ ID - 2723 ER - TY - GEN AU - Seguros, Consorcio de Compensación de LB - consorcio2003 PB - http://www.consorseguros.es/extra/ingles/friskscoverage.cfm PY - 2003 ID - 2724 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The height of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) or the mixing height (MH) is a fundamental parameter characterising the structure of the lower troposphere. Two basic possibilities for the practical determination of the MH are its derivation from profile data (measurements or numerical model output) and its parameterisation using simple equations or models (which only need a few measured input values). Different methods suggested in the literature are reviewed in this paper. The most important methods have been tested on data sets from three different sites in Europe (Cabauw – NL, Payerne – CH, Melpitz – D). Parcel and Richardson number methods applied to radiosonde profiles and the analysis of sodar and wind profiler data have been investigated. Modules for MH determination implemented in five currently used meteorological preprocessors for dispersion models have been tested, too. Parcel methods using a revised coefficient for the excess temperature and Richardson number methods using a surface excess temperature worked well under convective conditions. Under stable conditions, the inherent difficulties call for a combination of several methods (e.g., mast and sodar). All the tested parameterisation schemes showed deficiencies under certain conditions, thus requiring more flexible algorithms able to take into account changing and non-classical conditions. Recommendations are formulated regarding both the analysis of profile measurements and the use of parameterisations and simple models, and suggestions for the preprocessor development and for future research activities are presented. AU - Seibert, Petra AU - Beyrich, Frank AU - Gryning, Sven-Erik AU - Joffre, Sylvain AU - Rasmussen, Alix AU - Tercier, Philippe IS - 7 KW - Atmospheric boundary layer height Stable boundary layer Convective boundary layer Dispersion model Turbulence N1 - doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00349-0 PY - 2000 SN - 1352-2310 SP - 1001-1027 ST - Review and intercomparison of operational methods for the determination of the mixing height T2 - Atmospheric Environment TI - Review and intercomparison of operational methods for the determination of the mixing height UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1352231099003490 VL - 34 ID - 2725 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Seidl, R. PY - 2009 ST - Anpassung an den Klimawandel T2 - Österreichische Forstzeitung TI - Anpassung an den Klimawandel VL - 7 ID - 2726 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Seidl, R. AU - Lexer, M.J. AU - Jäger, D. AU - Hönninger, K. PY - 2005 SP - 939-951 ST - Evaluating the accuracy and generality of a hybrid patch model T2 - Tree Physiology TI - Evaluating the accuracy and generality of a hybrid patch model VL - 25 ID - 2727 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Numerous studies have analyzed the carbon sequestration potential of forests and forest management. However, most studies either focused on national and supra-national scales or on the project level in the context of the flexible mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol. Few studies are available which analyze the effects of alternative silvicultural strategies on carbon sequestration, timber production and other forest services and functions at the operational level of the forest management unit (FMU). The present study investigates effects of three alternative management strategies for secondary Norway spruce forests (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) (Norway spruce age class forestry; continuous cover forestry; conversion to mixed broadleaved forests) and an unmanaged control variant on C sequestration in situ, in wood products and through bioenergy production at the level of a private FMU in Austria, and analyses the interrelationships with timber production and key indicators of biodiversity. The hybrid patch model PICUS v1.4 and a wood products model are employed to simulate forest ecosystem development, timber production, carbon storage in the forest and in wood product pools. Results show that in situ C sequestration is sensitive to forest management with the highest amount of carbon stored in the unmanaged strategy, followed by the continuous cover regime. All three management strategies store substantial quantities of C in the wood products pool. Considering alternative biomass utilization focused on bioenergy production, substantial C offsets could be generated from potential substitution of fossil fuels. Opportunity cost estimates for C sequestration reveal that C sequestration through forest management can be a cost efficient way to reduce atmospheric CO2, but the achievable quantities are limited due to biological limitations and societal constraints. The study emphasizes the importance of developing sustainable forest management strategies that serve the multiple demands on forests in the future. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resource Management and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Peter Jordan Str. 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States Seidl, R. Institute of Silviculture, Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resource Management and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Peter Jordan Str. 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria email: rupert.seidl@boku.ac.at AU - Seidl, R. AU - Rammer, W. AU - Jäger, D. AU - Currie, W. S. AU - Lexer, M. J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.02.035 IS - 1-2 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Carbon storage Norway spruce conversion PICUS Sustainable forest management Carbon sequestration Kyoto Protocol Biodiversity Carbon Ecosystems Wood products Forestry bioenergy biomass carbon sequestration forest management forestry production fossil fuel silviculture trade-off Sustainable Forest Management Wood Products Austria Central Europe Eurasia Europe Northern Europe Norway Scandinavia Picea abies LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 50 CODEN: FECMD References: Abetz, P., Eine Entscheidungshilfe für die Durchforstung von Fichtenbeständen (1975) Allg. 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Sci., 44 (2), pp. 272-284; PY - 2007 SN - 03781127 SP - 64-79 ST - Assessing trade-offs between carbon sequestration and timber production within a framework of multi-purpose forestry in Austria T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Assessing trade-offs between carbon sequestration and timber production within a framework of multi-purpose forestry in Austria UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34447527741&partnerID=40&md5=41a0f04bd509bf5fb442ea884a70576e VL - 248 ID - 2728 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Seidl, R. AU - Rammer, W. AU - Jäger, D. AU - Lexer, M.J. PY - 2008 SP - 209-220 ST - Impact of bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) disturbance on timber production and carbon sequestration in different management strategies under climate change T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Impact of bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) disturbance on timber production and carbon sequestration in different management strategies under climate change VL - 256 ID - 2729 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Seidl, R. AU - Rammer, W. AU - Lexer, M.J. PY - 2009 SP - 35-44 ST - Schätzung von Bodenmerkmalen und Modellparametern für die Waldökosystemsimulation auf Basis einer Großrauminventur T2 - Allgemeine Forst- und Jagdzeitung TI - Schätzung von Bodenmerkmalen und Modellparametern für die Waldökosystemsimulation auf Basis einer Großrauminventur VL - 180 ID - 2730 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Natural disturbances play a key role in ecosystem dynamics and are important factors for sustainable forest ecosystem management. Quantitative models are frequently employed to tackle the complexities associated with disturbance processes. Here we review the wide variety of approaches to modelling natural disturbances in forest ecosystems, addressing the full spectrum of disturbance modelling from single events to integrated disturbance regimes. We applied a general, process-based framework founded in disturbance ecology to analyze modelling approaches for drought, wind, forest fires, insect pests and ungulate browsing. Modelling approaches were reviewed by disturbance agent and mechanism, and a set of general disturbance modelling concepts was deduced. We found that although the number of disturbance modelling approaches emerging over the last 15 years has increased strongly, statistical concepts for descriptive modelling are still largely prevalent over mechanistic concepts for explanatory and predictive applications. Yet, considering the increasing importance of disturbances for forest dynamics and ecosystem stewardship under anthropogenic climate change, the latter concepts are crucial tool for understanding and coping with change in forest ecosystems. Current challenges for disturbance modelling in forest ecosystems are thus (i) to overcome remaining limits in process understanding, (ii) to further a mechanistic foundation in disturbance modelling, (iii) to integrate multiple disturbance processes in dynamic ecosystem models for decision support in forest management, and (iv) to bring together scaling capabilities across several levels of organization with a representation of system complexity that captures the emergent behaviour of disturbance regimes. AU - Seidl, Rupert AU - Fernandes, Paulo M. AU - Fonseca, Teresa F. AU - Gillet, François AU - Jönsson, Anna Maria AU - Merganičová, Katarína AU - Netherer, Sigrid AU - Arpaci, Alexander AU - Bontemps, Jean-Daniel AU - Bugmann, Harald AU - González-Olabarria, Jose Ramon AU - Lasch, Petra AU - Meredieu, Céline AU - Moreira, Francisco AU - Schelhaas, Mart-Jan AU - Mohren, Frits DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.09.040 IS - 4 KW - Disturbance modelling Wildfire Wind storm Drought Insect herbivory Browsing PY - 2011 SN - 0304-3800 SP - 903-924 ST - Modelling natural disturbances in forest ecosystems: a review T2 - Ecological Modelling TI - Modelling natural disturbances in forest ecosystems: a review UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380010005272 VL - 222 ID - 2731 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The likely environmental changes throughout the next century have the potential to strongly alter forest disturbance regimes which may heavily affect forest functions as well as forest management. Forest stands already poorly adapted to current environmental conditions, such as secondary Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests outside their natural range, are expected to be particularly prone to such risks. By means of a simulation study, a secondary Norway spruce forest management unit in Austria was studied under conditions of climatic change with regard to effects of bark beetle disturbance on timber production and carbon sequestration over a time period of 100 years. The modified patch model PICUS v1.41, including a submodule of bark beetle-induced tree mortality, was employed to assess four alternative management strategies: (a) Norway spruce age-class forestry, (b) Norway spruce continuous cover forestry, (c) conversion to mixed species stands, and (d) no management. Two sets of simulations were investigated, one without the consideration of biotic disturbances, the other including possible bark beetle damages. Simulations were conducted for a de-trended baseline climate (1961–1990) as well as for two transient climate change scenarios featuring a distinct increase in temperature. The main objectives were to: (i) estimate the effects of bark beetle damage on timber production and carbon (C) sequestration under climate change; (ii) assess the effects of disregarding bark beetle disturbance in the analysis. Results indicated a strong increase in bark beetle damage under climate change scenarios (up to +219% in terms of timber volume losses) compared to the baseline climate scenario. Furthermore, distinct differences were revealed between the studied management strategies, pointing at considerably lower amounts of salvage in the conversion strategy. In terms of C storage, increased biotic disturbances under climate change reduced C storage in the actively managed strategies (up to −41.0 tC ha−1) over the 100-year simulation period, whereas in the unmanaged control variant some scenarios even resulted in increased C sequestration due to a stand density effect. Comparing the simulation series with and without bark beetle disturbances the main findings were: (i) forest C storage was higher in all actively managed strategies under climate change, when biotic disturbances were disregarded (up to +31.6 tC ha−1 over 100 years); and (ii) in the undisturbed, unmanaged variant C sequestration was lower compared to the simulations with bark beetle disturbance (up to −69.9 tC ha−1 over 100 years). The study highlights the importance of including the full range of ecosystem-specific disturbances by isolating the effect of one important agent on timber production and C sequestration. AU - Seidl, Rupert AU - Rammer, Werner AU - Jäger, Dietmar AU - Lexer, Manfred J. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.04.002 IS - 3 KW - Forest management Carbon storage Natural disturbance Bark beetle Ips typographus Climatic change Secondary coniferous forests Picea abies PICUS Simulation PY - 2008 SN - 0378-1127 SP - 209-220 ST - Impact of bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) disturbance on timber production and carbon sequestration in different management strategies under climate change T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Impact of bark beetle (Ips typographus L.) disturbance on timber production and carbon sequestration in different management strategies under climate change UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112708003198 VL - 256 ID - 2732 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Seidl, Rupert AU - Rammer, Werner AU - Lexer, Manfred IS - 2 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0165-0009 SP - 225 ST - Climate change vulnerability of sustainable forest management in the Eastern Alps T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change vulnerability of sustainable forest management in the Eastern Alps UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-010-9899-1 VL - 106 ID - 2733 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Considering climatic uncertainties in management planning is a prerequisite for sustainable forest management (SFM). The aim of the study was to evaluate climate change vulnerability of the current SFM strategy for commercial forests managed by the Austrian Federal Forests. To that end vulnerability indicators were defined in a stakeholder process (selected indicators were productivity, timber and carbon stocks, biodiversity, disturbances, a tree species’ position in fundamental niche space, silvicultural flexibility and cost intensity) and their performance under climate change scenarios assessed with an ecosystem model. Multi criteria analysis techniques were employed in a partial aggregation of indicators to locate forest stands on a vulnerability surface. Results revealed high vulnerability particularly in the second half of the twenty-first century, where 39.6% of the 164.550 ha study area were assessed highly vulnerable to climate change, indicating a strong decline in the functions and services represented by the indicator system. Water-limited sites on calcareous bedrock were most negatively affected whereas assessment units at higher altitudes responded predominately positive to climate warming. The presented approach, transparently integrating multiple management objectives and allowing a quantitative comparison of vulnerabilities between sites and management strategies, contributes to the development of operational and efficient climate change adaptation measures in forest management. AU - Seidl, Rupert AU - Rammer, Werner AU - Lexer, ManfredJ DO - 10.1007/s10584-010-9899-1 IS - 2 LA - English N1 - Climatic Change PY - 2011 SN - 0165-0009 SP - 225-254 ST - Climate change vulnerability of sustainable forest management in the Eastern Alps T2 - Climatic Change TI - Climate change vulnerability of sustainable forest management in the Eastern Alps UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-010-9899-1 VL - 106 ID - 2734 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forest ecosystem dynamics emerges from nonlinear interactions between adaptive biotic agents (i.e., individual trees) and their relationship with a spatially and temporally heterogeneous abiotic environment. Understanding and predicting the dynamics resulting from these complex interactions is crucial for the sustainable stewardship of ecosystems, particularly in the context of rapidly changing environmental conditions. Here we present iLand (the individual-based forest landscape and disturbance model), a novel approach to simulating forest dynamics as an emergent property of environmental drivers, ecosystem processes and dynamic interactions across scales. Our specific objectives were (i) to describe the model, in particular its novel approach to simulate spatially explicit individual-tree competition for resources over large scales within a process-based framework of physiological resource use, and (ii) to present a suite of evaluation experiments assessing iLands ability to simulate tree growth and mortality for a wide range of forest ecosystems. Adopting an approach rooted in ecological field theory, iLand calculates a continuous field of light availability over the landscape, with every tree represented by a mechanistically derived, size- and species-dependent pattern of light interference. Within a hierarchical multi-scale framework productivity is derived at stand-level by means of a light-use efficiency approach, and downscaled to individuals via local light availability. Allocation (based on allometric ratios) and mortality (resulting from carbon starvation) are modeled at the individual-tree level, accounting for adaptive behavior of trees in response to their environment. To evaluate the model we conducted simulations over the extended environmental gradient of a longitudinal transect in Oregon, USA, and successfully compared results against independently observed productivity estimates (63.4% of variation explained) and mortality patterns in even-aged stands. This transect experiment was furthermore replicated for a different set of species and ecosystems in the Austrian Alps, documenting the robustness and generality of our approach. Model performance was also successfully evaluated for structurally and compositionally complex old-growth forests in the western Cascades of Oregon. Finally, the ability of our approach to address forest ecosystem dynamics at landscape scales was demonstrated by a computational scaling experiment. In simulating the emergence of ecosystem patterns and dynamics as a result of complex process interactions across scales our approach has the potential to contribute crucial capacities to understanding and fostering forest ecosystem resilience under changing climatic conditions. AU - Seidl, Rupert AU - Rammer, Werner AU - Scheller, Robert M. AU - Spies, Thomas A. DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.02.015 IS - 0 KW - Forest ecosystem dynamics Complex adaptive systems Individual-based modeling Ecological field theory Hierarchical multi-scale modeling Forest structure and functioning PY - 2012 SN - 0304-3800 SP - 87-100 ST - An individual-based process model to simulate landscape-scale forest ecosystem dynamics T2 - Ecological Modelling TI - An individual-based process model to simulate landscape-scale forest ecosystem dynamics UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380012000919 VL - 231 ID - 2735 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Natural disturbances like wildfire, windthrow and insect outbreaks are critical drivers of composition, structure and functioning of forest ecosystems. They are strongly climate-sensitive, and are thus likely to be distinctly affected by climatic changes. Observations across Europe show that in recent decades, forest disturbance regimes have intensified markedly, resulting in a strong increase in damage from wind, bark beetles and wildfires. Climate change is frequently hypothesized as the main driving force behind this intensification, but changes in forest structure and composition associated with management activities such as promoting conifers and increasing standing timber volume (i.e. ‘forest change’) also strongly influence susceptibility to disturbances. Here, we show that from 1958 to 2001, forest change contributed in the same order of magnitude as climate change to the increase in disturbance damage in Europe's forests. Climate change was the main driver of the increase in area burnt, while changes in forest extent, structure and composition particularly affected the variation in wind and bark beetle damage. For all three disturbance agents, damage was most severe when conducive weather conditions and increased forest susceptibility coincided. We conclude that a continuing trend towards more disturbance-prone conditions is likely for large parts of Europe's forests, and can have strong detrimental effects on forest carbon storage and other ecosystem services. Understanding the interacting drivers of natural disturbance regimes is thus a prerequisite for climate change mitigation and adaptation in forest ecosystem management. AU - Seidl, Rupert AU - Schelhaas, Mart-Jan AU - Lexer, Manfred J. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02452.x IS - 9 KW - bark beetles climate change European forest ecosystems forest management natural disturbance wildfire wind PY - 2011 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 2842-2852 ST - Unraveling the drivers of intensifying forest disturbance regimes in Europe T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Unraveling the drivers of intensifying forest disturbance regimes in Europe UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02452.x VL - 17 ID - 2736 ER - TY - JOUR AB - To study potential consequences of climate-induced changes in the biotic disturbance regime at regional to national scale we integrated a model of Ips typographus (L. Scol. Col.) damages into the large-scale forest scenario model EFISCEN. A two-stage multivariate statistical meta-model was used to upscale stand level damages by bark beetles as simulated in the hybrid forest patch model PICUS v1.41. Comparing EFISCEN simulations including the new bark beetle disturbance module against a 15-year damage time series for Austria showed good agreement at province level (R² between 0.496 and 0.802). A scenario analysis of climate change impacts on bark beetle-induced damages in Austria’s Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] forests resulted in a strong increase in damages (from 1.33 Mm³ a−1, period 1990–2004, to 4.46 Mm³ a−1, period 2095–2099). Studying two adaptive management strategies (species change) revealed a considerable time-lag between the start of adaptation measures and a decrease in simulated damages by bark beetles. AU - Seidl, Rupert AU - Schelhaas, Mart-Jan AU - Lindner, Marcus AU - Lexer, ManfredJ DO - 10.1007/s10113-008-0068-2 IS - 2 KW - Natural disturbances Climatic change Ips typographus Scaling Adaptation LA - English N1 - Reg Environ Change PY - 2009 SN - 1436-3798 SP - 101-119 ST - Modelling bark beetle disturbances in a large scale forest scenario model to assess climate change impacts and evaluate adaptive management strategies T2 - Regional Environmental Change TI - Modelling bark beetle disturbances in a large scale forest scenario model to assess climate change impacts and evaluate adaptive management strategies UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-008-0068-2 VL - 9 ID - 2737 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Within the European Union there exist three different frameworks for forest accounting at the national level. For purposes of the national accounts, the regulations of the European System of Integrated Economic Accounts (ESA) have to be observed. They require a distinction between forestry and logging and provide specific guidelines for the valuation of standing timber. In recognition of the special character of forests and forestry production, two satellite accounts are devoted to forestry: the Economic Accounts for Forestry (EAF) and the European Framework for Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting for Forests (IEEAF). Although they were designed as complementary to the national accounts and refer to the same basic methodologies, the guidelines for forest accounting provided by the three manuals are not fully compatible. Just recently, a further integration and harmonization of the concepts for forest accounting has been proposed. Austria has implemented the valuation of the increment as an output of forestry as requested by ESA and produces the EAF tables on a regular basis. The possibilities for extending forest accounting to natural resource accounts for standing timber and the IEEAF have been investigated in terms of pilot studies. The Austrian experiences and results exemplify the problems and possible solutions associated with the adoption of the different European schemes. Data deficits and valuation issues restrict the significance of respective results to some degree, especially as regards forestry-specific extensions of the accounting schemes. © Springer-Verlag 2007. AD - Department of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Gregor Mendel Strasse 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria Sekot, W. Department of Economics and Social Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Gregor Mendel Strasse 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria email: walter.sekot@boku.ac.at AU - Sekot, W. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s10342-007-0170-x IS - 4 J2 - Eur. J. For. Res. KW - Austria Economic accounts for forestry Forest accounting Forest timber accounts Forest valuation Natural resource accounting European Union forest management forestry production timber valuation Central Europe Eurasia Europe LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 2 References: Bergen, V., Gutow, S., Schröder, H., Preparation and development of forest balances within the system of national accounts - Germany (1998), p. 59. , Eurostat, LuxembourgBombana, M., Femia, A., Forest integrated economic and environmental accounting: Ongoing developments at Eurostat and Istat (1998) Proceedings of the International Symposium on Institutional Aspects of Managerial Economics and Accounting in Forestry, pp. 131-155. , In: Jöbstl H, Merlo M, Venzi L (eds) Rome; Bormann, K., Dieter, M., Englert, H., Küppers, J.-G., Rosin, A., Die Waldgesamtrechnung als Teil einer integrierten ökologischen und ökonomischen Berichterstattung (2006) Bundesforschungsanstalt Für Forst- Und Holzwirtschaft Und Statistisches Bundesamt, p. 95. , Hamburg und Wiesbaden; Dieter, M., Rosin, A., Thoroe, C., Die Forstwirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland im Rahmen des ESVG 1995 für die Jahre 1991 bis 2002 (2004) Bundesforschungsanstalt Für Forst- Und Holzwirtschaft, p. 72. , Arbeitsbericht des Instituts für Ökonomie 2004/15. 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J. PY - 1988 SP - 239-241 ST - Die Tularämie – eine Zoonose mit Naturherdcharakter. Mh. Vet.-Med. T2 - Mh. Vet.-Med. TI - Die Tularämie – eine Zoonose mit Naturherdcharakter. VL - 43 ID - 2739 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Selbitz, H.-J. PY - 1988 SP - 43, 239-241. ST - Die Tularämie – eine Zoonose mit Naturherdcharakter. Mh. Vet.-Med. TI - Die Tularämie – eine Zoonose mit Naturherdcharakter. Mh. Vet.-Med ID - 2740 ER - TY - JOUR AD - Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Selye, H. Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada AU - Selye, H. DB - Scopus IS - 3479 LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 785 PY - 1936 SN - 00280836 SP - 32 ST - A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents [13] T2 - Nature TI - A syndrome produced by diverse nocuous agents [13] UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34249007019&partnerID=40&md5=626f9c3ac417c1700d0393f59f0c86de VL - 138 ID - 2741 ER - TY - JOUR AD - Inst. Exp. Med., Univ. Montreal, Canada AU - Selye, H. DB - Scopus IS - 6 J2 - AM. SCI. KW - diagnosis stress Adaptation, Physiological Homeostasis Human Stress Stress, Psychological LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 220 CODEN: AMSCA PubMed ID: 4746051 PY - 1973 SN - 00030996 SP - 692-699 ST - The evolution of the stress concept T2 - American Scientist TI - The evolution of the stress concept UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0015887581&partnerID=40&md5=99d7cc257a69f32857e6817a6406db3e VL - 61 ID - 2742 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Semenov, M. A. AU - Barrow, E. M. LB - seme97a PY - 1997 SP - 397-414 ST - Use of a stochastic weather generator in the development of climate change scenarios. T2 - Climatic Change TI - Use of a stochastic weather generator in the development of climate change scenarios VL - 35 ID - 2743 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Semenov, M. A. AU - Brooks, R. J. LB - seme99a2 PY - 1999 SP - 137-148 ST - Spatial interpolation of the LARS--WG stochastic weather generator in Great Britain. T2 - Climate Research TI - Spatial interpolation of the LARS--WG stochastic weather generator in Great Britain VL - 11 ID - 2744 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Semenov, M. A. AU - Brooks, R. J. AU - Barrow, E. M. AU - Richardson, C. W. LB - seme1998a PY - 1998 SP - 95--107 ST - Comparison of the WGEN and LARS-WG stochastic weather generators in diverse climates T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Comparison of the WGEN and LARS-WG stochastic weather generators in diverse climates VL - 10 ID - 2745 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Semenov, M. A. AU - Porter, J. R. LB - seme99a PY - 1999 SP - 265--283 ST - Climatic Variaability and the Modelling of Crop Yields T2 - Agric. Forest. Meteor. TI - Climatic Variaability and the Modelling of Crop Yields VL - 73 ID - 2746 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Semenov, M.A. AU - Barrow, E.M. LB - seme97a PY - 1997 SP - 397-414 ST - Use of a stochastic weather generator in the development of climate change scenarios. T2 - Climatic Change TI - Use of a stochastic weather generator in the development of climate change scenarios VL - 35 ID - 2747 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Semenov, M.A. AU - Brooks, R.J. LB - seme99a2 PY - 1999 SP - 137-148 ST - Spatial interpolation of the LARS--WG stochastic weather generator in Great Britain. T2 - Climate Research TI - Spatial interpolation of the LARS--WG stochastic weather generator in Great Britain VL - 11 ID - 2748 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Semenov, M.A. AU - Brooks, R.J. AU - Barrow, E.M. AU - Richardson, C.W. LB - seme1998a PY - 1998 SP - 95--107 ST - Comparison of the WGEN and LARS-WG stochastic weather generators in diverse climates T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Comparison of the WGEN and LARS-WG stochastic weather generators in diverse climates VL - 10 ID - 2749 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Semenov, M.A. AU - Porter, J.R. LB - seme99a PY - 1999 SP - 265--283 ST - Climatic Variaability and the Modelling of Crop Yields T2 - Agric. Forest. Meteor. TI - Climatic Variaability and the Modelling of Crop Yields VL - 73 ID - 2750 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Secular trends of daily precipitation characteristics are considered in the transient climate change experiment with a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model ECHAM4/OPYC3 for 1900-2099. The climate forcing is due to increasing concentrations of the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Mean daily precipitation, precipitation intensity, probability of wet days and parameters of the gamma distribution are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the changes of heavy precipitation. Analysis of the annual mean precipitation trends for 1900-1999 revealed general agreement with observations with significant positive trends in mean precipitation over continental areas. In the 2000-2099 period precipitation trend patterns followed the tendency obtained for 1900-1999 but with significantly increased magnitudes. Unlike the annual mean precipitation trends for which negative values were found for some continental areas, the mean precipitation intensity and scale parameter of the fitted gamma distribution increased over all land territories. Negative trends in the number of wet days were found over most of the land areas except high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. The shape parameter of the gamma distribution in general revealed a slight negative trend in the areas of the precipitation increase. Investigation of daily precipitation revealed an unproportional increase of heavy precipitation events for the land areas including local maxima in Europe and the eastern United States. AU - Semenov, V. Semenov AU - Bengtsson, L. Bengtsson DO - 10.1007/s00382-001-0218-4 IS - 2 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 2002 SN - 0930-7575 SP - 123-140 ST - Secular trends in daily precipitation characteristics: greenhouse gas simulation with a coupled AOGCM T2 - Climate Dynamics TI - Secular trends in daily precipitation characteristics: greenhouse gas simulation with a coupled AOGCM UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-001-0218-4 VL - 19 ID - 2751 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Barkeley AU - Seppänen, O. AU - Fisk, W. AU - Lei, Q.H. CY - USA, California PB - Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California PY - 2006 ST - Effect of temperature on task performance in office environment TI - Effect of temperature on task performance in office environment UR - http://eetd.lbl.gov/IEP/pdf/LBNL-60946.pdf (am 28.02.2013 nicht mehr verfügbar) ID - 2752 ER - TY - GEN AU - Seppänen, Olli AU - Fisk, William J AU - Faulkner, David ST - Cost benefit analysis of the night-time ventilative cooling in office building TI - Cost benefit analysis of the night-time ventilative cooling in office building ID - 2753 ER - TY - RPRT AU - R., SERGEL PY - 2010 ST - Von sozialen Freiräumen und ökologischen Funktionsflächen zu Arealen staatlicher Kontrolle? Zur Umgestaltung von Grünflächen in Hamburg-Mitte. TI - Von sozialen Freiräumen und ökologischen Funktionsflächen zu Arealen staatlicher Kontrolle? Zur Umgestaltung von Grünflächen in Hamburg-Mitte. UR - http://www.pdf-archive.com/2011/07/15/sergel-2010-gruenflaechen-hamburg-mitte/sergel-2010-gruenflaechen-hamburg-mitte.pdf (abgerufen am 28.02.2013) ID - 2754 ER - TY - CONF AU - Servuk, B. CY - St. Moritz DA - 3.-7. December LB - servuk1989 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1989 ST - Precipitation Measurement T2 - WMO/IAHS/ETH Workshop on Precipitation Measurement TI - Precipitation Measurement ID - 2755 ER - TY - CONF AU - Setlow, R.B. PY - 1974 SP - 3363-3366 ST - The wavelengths in sunlight effective in producing cancer: a theoretical analysis T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. TI - The wavelengths in sunlight effective in producing cancer: a theoretical analysis VL - 71 ID - 2756 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sevruk, B. PY - 1983 SP - 49-58 ST - Correction of measured precipitation in the Alps using the water equivalent of new snow T2 - Nordic Hydrology TI - Correction of measured precipitation in the Alps using the water equivalent of new snow ID - 2757 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shackleford, P. AU - Olsson, L.E. PY - 1995 SP - 239-242 ST - Tourism, climate and weather T2 - WMO Bulletin TI - Tourism, climate and weather VL - 44 ID - 2758 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shaw, M.R., Zavaleta, E.S., Chiariello, N.R., Cleland, E.E., Mooney, H.A. and C.B. Field PY - 2002 SP - 1987–1990 ST - Grassland responses to global environmental changes suppressed by elevated CO2 T2 - Science TI - Grassland responses to global environmental changes suppressed by elevated CO2 VL - 298 ID - 2759 ER - TY - JOUR AU - M., SHEPHERD AU - R., HARRISON AU - J., WEBB PY - 2002 SP - 184-192 ST - Managing soil organic matter – implications for soil structure on organic farms. T2 - Soil Use and Management TI - Managing soil organic matter – implications for soil structure on organic farms. VL - 18 ID - 2760 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The United Nations General Assembly recognized the importance of people's sustainability values in driving attitudes and behaviors towards the sustainable development of globalization by declaring a set of "certain fundamental values to be essential to international relations in the twenty-first century" (UN, 2000). The specific values underlying this UN declaration are freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, respect for nature, and shared responsibility. Despite their importance, little is known about the nature of sustainability values and much work needs to be done in developing such scales. This study develops a reliable and valid measure of values underlying sustainable development which will hopefully stimulate further research on regional, cultural, and demographic differences in sustainable development. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, 1309 East Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN 47405-1701, United States Max-Planck-Institute of Economics, Kahlaische Str. 10, 07745 Jena, Germany Shepherd, D.A. Kelley School of Business, Indiana University, 1309 East Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN 47405-1701, United States email: Shepherd@Indiana.edu AU - Shepherd, D. A. AU - Kuskova, V. AU - Patzelt, H. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.joep.2008.08.003 IS - 2 J2 - J. Econ. Psychol. 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(2008) Ecological Economics, 65, pp. 145-154; (2002) The Johannesburg Declaration on sustainable development, , http://www.housing.gov.za/content/legislation_policies/johannesburg.htm, World Summit on Sustainable Development; Zedler, J.B., Kercher, S., Wetland resources: Status, trends, ecosystem services, and restorability (2005) Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 30, pp. 39-74 PY - 2009 SN - 01674870 SP - 246-256 ST - Measuring the values that underlie sustainable development: The development of a valid scale T2 - Journal of Economic Psychology TI - Measuring the values that underlie sustainable development: The development of a valid scale UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-62349092583&partnerID=40&md5=b784edbadb1c2bb2924f852deb77b065 VL - 30 ID - 3549 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract. A lysimeter study from April 1993 to June 1997 assessed the effects of winter cover crops and unfertilized grass on both the volume of water draining over winter and the amounts of nitrate leached. There were three to five replicates of each treatment in a fully randomized design. The lysimeters were undisturbed monoliths of loamy medium sand, 1.2 m deep and 0.8 m diameter.There were six treatments: sown cover before spring-sown crops (SC), natural regeneration (‘tumbledown’) before spring-sown crops (T), unfertilized grass (UG), bare soil permanent fallow, (PF), winter barley (WB) and conventional overwinter fallow before spring-sown crops (WF). Sugarbeet replaced cereals in 1996 as a disease break, and in consequence no cover was established in SC and T in autumn 1996. Of the four years of the study, two were above-average rainfall, while two were of less than average rainfall. Results are only quoted if statistically significantly different from WB (P=0.10).Over the first winter, NO3―N losses were similar under UG (26 kg ha−1) and PF (29 kg ha−1), due to the slow establishment and growth of the grass. In the following three winters NO3―N losses under UG were small (c. 6 kg ha−1), giving an overall mean of c. 11 kg ha−1. Sown cover crops and T gave means of c. 16 and 22 kg ha−1 respectively, compared with c. 27–31 kg ha−1 under PF, WB and WF.Mean NO3―N concentrations were smallest under UG (4.4 mg l−1) and SC (10.6 mg l−1), although both T (13.7 mg l−1) and PF (12.4 mg l−1) were less than under WB and WF (15.8–18.7 mg l−1). Overwinter drainage was greatest from UG and PF, at 239 and 247 mm respectively. In the three winters that cover crops were grown, drainage was decreased by, on average, 30 mm year−1 compared with WF. However, there were large differences in effects between years, with significant decreases in only one year.We conclude that the widespread adoption of cover crops before spring-sown crops will reduce overwinter drainage in UK Nitrate Vulnerable Zones by no more than c. 2%, compared with no cover before spring-sown crops. AU - Shepherd, M. A. and Webb J. DO - 10.1111/j.1475-2743.1999.tb00073.x IS - 2 KW - Nitrates, losses from soil, cover crops, flow to drains, water management, sandy soils, lysimetry, UK PY - 1999 SN - 1475-2743 SP - 109--116 ST - Effects of overwinter cover on nitrate loss and drainage from a sandy soil: consequences for water management? T2 - Soil Use and Management TI - Effects of overwinter cover on nitrate loss and drainage from a sandy soil: consequences for water management? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.1999.tb00073.x VL - 15 ID - 3375 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sheppard AW., Shaw RH. AU - R., Sforza PY - 2006 SP - 46, 93-117. ST - Top 20 environmental weeds for classical control in Europe: a review of opportunities, regulations and other barriers to adoption. Weed Research. TI - Top 20 environmental weeds for classical control in Europe: a review of opportunities, regulations and other barriers to adoption. Weed Research ID - 2761 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sheppard, AW AU - Shaw, R. H. AU - Sforza, R. PY - 2006 SP - 93-117 ST - Top 20 environmental weeds for classical control in Europe: a review of opportunities, regulations and other barriers to adoption. T2 - Weed Research TI - Top 20 environmental weeds for classical control in Europe: a review of opportunities, regulations and other barriers to adoption. VL - 46 ID - 2762 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shigesada, N. AU - Kawasaki, K. PY - 2002 SP - 350-373 ST - Invasion and the range expansion of species: effects of long-distance dispersal. T2 - Dispersal Ecology (eds. J.M. Bullock, R.E. Kenward & R.S. Hails), Blackwell TI - Invasion and the range expansion of species: effects of long-distance dispersal. ID - 2763 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shigesada, N. AU - Kawasaki, K. PY - 2002 SP - pp. 350-373. ST - Invasion and the range expansion of species: effects of long-distance dispersal. Dispersal Ecology (eds. J.M. Bullock, R.E. Kenward & R.S. Hails),Blackwell. TI - Invasion and the range expansion of species: effects of long-distance dispersal. Dispersal Ecology (eds. J.M. Bullock, R.E. Kenward & R.S. Hails),Blackwell ID - 2764 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Background

Countries worldwide are expending significant resources to improve air quality partly to improve the health of their citizens. Are these societal expenditures improving public health?

 Objectives

We consider these issues by tracking the risk of death associated with outdoor air pollution over both space and time in Canadian cities.

 Materials and methods

We propose two multi-year estimators that use current plus several previous years of data to estimate current year risk. The estimators are derived from sequential time series analyses using moving time windows. To evaluate the statistical properties of the proposed methods, a simulation study with three scenarios of changing risk was conducted based on 12 Canadian cities from 1981 to 2000. Then an optimal estimator was applied to 24 of Canada’s largest cities over the 17-year period from 1984 to 2000.

 Results

The annual average daily concentrations of ozone appeared to be increasing over the time period, whereas those of nitrogen dioxide were decreasing. However, the proposed method returns different time trends in public health risks. Evidence for some monotonic increasing trends in the annual risks is weak for O3 (p = 0.3870) but somewhat stronger for NO2 (p = 0.1082). In particular, an increasing time trend becomes apparent when excluding year 1998, which reveals lower risk than proximal years, even though concentrations of NO2 were decreasing. The simulation results validate our two proposed methods, producing estimates close to the preassigned values.

 Conclusions

Despite decreasing ambient concentrations, public health risks related to NO2 appear to be increasing. Further investigations are necessary to understand why the concentrations and adverse effects of NO2 show opposite time trends.

 AU - Shin, Hwashin Hyun AU - Stieb, David M. AU - Jessiman, Barry AU - Goldberg, Mark S. AU - Brion, Orly AU - Brook, Jeff AU - Ramsay, Tim AU - Burnett, Richard T. IS - 9 PY - 2008 ST - A Temporal, Multicity Model to Estimate the Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution on Health T2 - Environ Health Perspect TI - A Temporal, Multicity Model to Estimate the Effects of Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution on Health UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289%2Fehp.11194 VL - 116 ID - 2765 ER - TY - WEB AU - Shubinsky, S. CY - London M1 - 19.5.2011 PB - Institution of Environmental Science PY - 2008 ST - Cities and Climate Change: Response and Adaptation TI - Cities and Climate Change: Response and Adaptation UR - http://www.ies-uk.org.uk/resources/newsletter/issue22/article2.html ID - 2766 ER - TY - THES AU - SHUMBA, O. PY - 1995 ST - Untersuchungen über die Wirkung von Naturstoffen (Niempräparate, Syringaextrakte) auf ausgewählte Baumwollschädlinge in Labor- und Gewächshausversuchen T2 - Diplomarbeit, Wissenschaftsbereich Tropische Landwirtschaft, Univ. Leipzig TI - Untersuchungen über die Wirkung von Naturstoffen (Niempräparate, Syringaextrakte) auf ausgewählte Baumwollschädlinge in Labor- und Gewächshausversuchen ID - 2767 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shwom, Rachael AU - Bidwell, David AU - Dan, Amy AU - Dietz, Thomas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.02.003 IS - 3 KW - Public opinion formation Climate change policy support Climate politics Greenhouse gas reductions PY - 2010 SN - 0959-3780 SP - 472-482 ST - Understanding U.S. public support for domestic climate change policies T2 - Global Environmental Change TI - Understanding U.S. public support for domestic climate change policies UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378010000099 VL - 20 ID - 3548 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Siegenthaler, U. AU - Sarmiento, J. L. DA - September LB - sieg1993a PY - 1993 SP - 119-125 ST - Atmospheric carbon dioxide and the ocean T2 - Nature TI - Atmospheric carbon dioxide and the ocean VL - 365 ID - 2768 ER - TY - BOOK AU - SIEVERTS, T. CY - Braunschweig DO - 3-528-06118-9 KW - Städtebau Ballungsraum PB - Vieweg Verlag PY - 1997 SE - 178 ST - Zwischenstadt. Zwischen Ort und Welt, Raum und Zeit, Stadt und Land TI - Zwischenstadt. Zwischen Ort und Welt, Raum und Zeit, Stadt und Land ID - 2769 ER - TY - CONF AU - Sigl, G. PY - 2004 SP - 22 ST - Auswirkungen eines Rekordsommers auf die Mikrobiologie des Wassers: Symposium Wasserversorgung, p. S.22. T2 - Symposium Wasserversorgung TI - Auswirkungen eines Rekordsommers auf die Mikrobiologie des Wassers ID - 2770 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sigl, G. PY - 2004 ST - Auswirkungen eines Rekordsommers auf die Mikrobiologie des Wassers: Symposium Wasserversorgung, p. S.22. TI - Auswirkungen eines Rekordsommers auf die Mikrobiologie des Wassers: Symposium Wasserversorgung, p. S.22 ID - 2771 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Agency, Austrian Energy AU - Simander, R. AU - Rakos, C. CY - Wien PY - 2005 ST - Klimatisierung, Kühlung und Klimaschutz: Technologien, Wirtschaftlichkeit und CO2-Reduktionspotenziale T2 - Materialband Stand der Technologie, Wirtschaftlichkeit, Potenziale, Emissionen und Fallstudien TI - Klimatisierung, Kühlung und Klimaschutz: Technologien, Wirtschaftlichkeit und CO2-Reduktionspotenziale ID - 2772 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Simberloff, D. LB - simb00 PY - 2000 SP - 253-261 ST - Global climate change and introduced species in the United States forests T2 - Science Tot. Environ. TI - Global climate change and introduced species in the United States forests VL - 26 ID - 2773 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Simberloff, D. LB - simb01 PY - 2001 SP - 517-529 ST - Effects and distribution of introduced species T2 - Encyclopedia of Biodiversity. Volume TI - Effects and distribution of introduced species VL - 3 ID - 2774 ER - TY - THES AU - Simic, S. PB - BOKU Vienna PY - 2006 ST - Investigations on the transfer of ultraviolet radiation on the Hoher Sonnblick T2 - Institut für Meteorologie TI - Investigations on the transfer of ultraviolet radiation on the Hoher Sonnblick VL - Dr. ID - 2775 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Kromp-Kolb H, Schwarzl I, editors AU - Simic, S. AU - Schmalwieser, A.W. AU - Moshammer, H. CY - Vienna PB - Institut für Meteorologie, Universität für Bodenkultur PY - 2008 SP - 2007B 1-42 ST - Gesundheitsrisiken für die Österreichische Bevölkerung durch die Abnahme des stratosphärischen Ozons T2 - StartClim2007 TI - Gesundheitsrisiken für die Österreichische Bevölkerung durch die Abnahme des stratosphärischen Ozons ID - 2776 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The effect of the elevated temperatures on mortality experienced in Europe during the summer of 2003 was observed in several countries. This study, carried out in Spain, describes mortality between 1 June and 31 August and evaluates the effect of the heat wave on mortality. Observed deaths were obtained from official death registers from 50 provincial capitals. Observed deaths were compared with the expected number, estimated by applying a Poisson regression model to historical mortality series and adjusting for the upward trend and seasonality observed. Meteorological information was provided by the Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (National Institute of Meteorology). Spain experienced three heat waves in 2003. The total associated excess deaths were 8% (43 212 observed deaths compared with 40 046 expected deaths). Excess deaths were only observed in those aged 75 years and over (15% more deaths than expected for the age group 75 to 84 and 29% for those aged 85 or over). This phenomenon (heat-associated excess mortality) is an emerging public health problem because of its increasing attributable risk, the aging of the Spanish population and its forecasted increasing frequency due to global warming. The implementation of alert and response systems based on monitoring of climate-related risks, emergency room activity and mortality, and strengthening the response capacity of the social and health services should be considered. AD - Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. AU - Simon, F. AU - Lopez-Abente, G. AU - Ballester, E. AU - Martinez, F. IS - 7 KW - Aged Aged, 80 and over Heat Stress Disorders Hot Temperature Humans Mortality Seasons Spain Weather PY - 2005 SP - 156-61 ST - Mortality in Spain during the heat waves of summer 2003 T2 - Euro surveillance : bulletin europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin TI - Mortality in Spain during the heat waves of summer 2003 UR - http://ukpmc.ac.uk/abstract/MED/16088046 VL - 10 ID - 2777 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Sinn, H.W. CY - Berlin PB - Ullstein Buchverlag GmbH PY - 2008 ST - Das grüne Paradoxon. Plädoyer für eine illusionsfreie Klimapolitik TI - Das grüne Paradoxon. Plädoyer für eine illusionsfreie Klimapolitik ID - 2778 ER - TY - THES AU - SINNIG H. KW - Deutschland Stadtregion Freifläche Stadtplanung Kommunikatives Handeln PB - Rheinisch-Westphälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen PY - 2002 SP - 210 ST - Leistungsfähigkeit und Grenzen kommunikativer Planungsinstrumente -  am Beispiel nachhaltiger Freiraumpolitik in Stadtregionen TI - Leistungsfähigkeit und Grenzen kommunikativer Planungsinstrumente -  am Beispiel nachhaltiger Freiraumpolitik in Stadtregionen VL - Dr. ID - 2779 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sinsch, U. LB - sins88 PY - 1988 SP - 390-398 ST - Seasonal changes in the migratory behaviour of the toad Bufo bufo: direction and magnitude of movements T2 - Oecologia, Berlin TI - Seasonal changes in the migratory behaviour of the toad Bufo bufo: direction and magnitude of movements VL - 76 ID - 2780 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Hofrichter, R. AU - Sinsch, U. LB - sins98 PB - Naturbuchverlag Augsburg PY - 1998 SP - 107 ST - Thermoregulation. Amphibien - Evolution, Anatomie, Physiologie, Ökologie und Verbreitung, Verhalten, Bedrohung und Gefährdung TI - Thermoregulation. Amphibien - Evolution, Anatomie, Physiologie, Ökologie und Verbreitung, Verhalten, Bedrohung und Gefährdung ID - 2781 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Sitte, Camillo DO - 3-7643-6692-3 KW - Stadt Platzgestaltung Geschichte 1909 Quelle PB - Basel ; Boston ; Berlin : Birkhäuser PY - 2002 SE - 216 ST - Der Städtebau nach seinen künstlerischen Grundsätzen TI - Der Städtebau nach seinen künstlerischen Grundsätzen VL - 4. Aufl.Wien, Graeser, Leipzig, Teubner von 1909 ID - 2782 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sixl, W., Docekal, J., Mikulaskova, M., Mikulasek, S. PY - 1994 SP - 10, 231-238. ST - Zur Frage des Auftretens der Tularämie in Endemiegebieten. Geogr. Med. TI - Zur Frage des Auftretens der Tularämie in Endemiegebieten. Geogr. Med ID - 2783 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sixl, W. AU - J., Docekal AU - Mikulaskova, M. AU - Mikulasek, S. PY - 1994 SP - 231-238 ST - Zur Frage des Auftretens der Tularämie in Endemiegebieten. T2 - Geogr. Med. TI - Zur Frage des Auftretens der Tularämie in Endemiegebieten. VL - 10 ID - 2784 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Skogsstyrelsen PY - 2006 SN - 1100-0295 ST - Stormen 2005 – en skoglig analys. Meddelande 1-2006 TI - Stormen 2005 – en skoglig analys. Meddelande 1-2006 ID - 2785 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Slaper, Harry AU - Velders, Guus J. M. AU - Daniel, John S. AU - de Gruijl, Frank R. AU - van der Leun, Jan C. IS - 6606 N1 - 10.1038/384256a0 PY - 1996 SP - 256-258 ST - Estimates of ozone depletion and skin cancer incidence to examine the Vienna Convention achievements T2 - Nature TI - Estimates of ozone depletion and skin cancer incidence to examine the Vienna Convention achievements UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/384256a0 VL - 384 ID - 2786 ER - TY - JOUR AB - A relationship between the success of pollination and the percentage of full seeds of European larch (Larix decidua MILL.) was studied using several models of non-linear correlation analysis. Although the proportion of pollinated ovules was high in most cases (especially in the middle parts of open-pollinated conelets), the mean percentage of full seeds was extraordinarily low (after the controlled self-pollination even close to zero) and most of the calculated correlation coefficients are lower than the corresponding critical value. This fact gives an evidence for the strong effect of additional important factors causing the empty seed formation in Larix even after the successful pollination of ovules. AD - Technical University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Phytology, Zvolen, Slovakia Technická Univerzita, Lesnícka Fakulta, Katedra Fytológie, Zvolen, Slovakia Technická Univerzita, Lesnícka Fakulta, Katedra Fytológie, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia AU - Slobodník, B. DO - Cited By (since 1996) 1 Export Date 21 June 2011 Source Scopus IS - 6 KW - Empty seeds European larch Pollen PY - 2002 SP - 271-280 ST - Pollination success and full seed percentage in European larch (Larix decidua MILL.) T2 - Úspešnost' opelenia a percentuálny podiel plných semien pri smrekovci opadavom (Larix decidua MILL.) TI - Pollination success and full seed percentage in European larch (Larix decidua MILL.) UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2342588156&partnerID=40&md5=c1619fd535fb3d760d3b9792bd205616 VL - 48 ID - 2787 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Zygotic embryo development and its influence on empty seed formation of the European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) was studied within a seed orchard in the Slovak Republic. Histological study revealed a fertilization date early June. Although embryogenesis was most intensive in June, fully morphologically differentiated embryos were observed no earlier than in the second half of July. Multiple fertilization and simple polyembryony were relatively rare but their frequencies correlated with the efficiency of pollination. Only a small percentage of developing embryos reached full maturity. Degeneration included suppressed embryos from polyembryony as well as normal embryos occupying the optimal position within the corrosion cavity of the female gametophyte. The mean proportion of fertilized ovules without a viable embryo was 61% after open pollination and as high as 88% after controlled selfing. In total, embryo degeneration reduced the potential full seed percentage by almost 40% and is therefore considered the most important cause of unsound seed development in European larch. © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2005. AD - Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovakia Department of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 51, 8010 Graz, Austria AU - Slobodník, B. AU - Guttenberger, H. DO - Cited By (since 1996) 2 Export Date 25 January 2011 Source Scopus IS - 2 KW - Embryo Embryogenesis Empty seed Larch PY - 2005 SP - 129-134 ST - Zygotic embryogenesis and empty seed formation in European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) T2 - Annals of Forest Science TI - Zygotic embryogenesis and empty seed formation in European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-18044387419&partnerID=40&md5=4aa887f6f344e1f9dba67ce97c4efff3 VL - 62 ID - 2788 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SLOTTA-BACHMAYR, L. und N. WINDIG PY - 1994 SP - 195-202. ST - Verteilung und Siedlungsdichte von Schnee- und Birkhuhn (Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix) im Laufe der Vegetationsperiode im Wald- und Baum-grenzebereich (Hohe Tauern, Österreich). Der Ornithologische Beobachter 91: TI - Verteilung und Siedlungsdichte von Schnee- und Birkhuhn (Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix) im Laufe der Vegetationsperiode im Wald- und Baum-grenzebereich (Hohe Tauern, Österreich). Der Ornithologische Beobachter 91 ID - 2789 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Slotta-Bachmayr, L. AU - Windig, N. PY - 1994 SP - 195-202 ST - Verteilung und Siedlungsdichte von Schnee- und Birkhuhn (Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix) im Laufe der Vegetationsperiode im Wald- und Baum-grenzebereich (Hohe Tauern, Österreich) T2 - Der Ornithologische Beobachter TI - Verteilung und Siedlungsdichte von Schnee- und Birkhuhn (Lagopus mutus, Tetrao tetrix) im Laufe der Vegetationsperiode im Wald- und Baum-grenzebereich (Hohe Tauern, Österreich) VL - 91 ID - 2790 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this study, high-resolution climate change data from the regional climate models COSMO-CLM, HIRHAM, RegCM, and REMO were evaluated in the Greater Alpine Region (GAR; 4°W-19°W and 43°N-49°N) and three additional subareas of 1.5° by 1° in size. Evaluation statistics include mean temperature and precipitation, frequency of days with precipitation over 1 mm and over 15 mm, 90% quantile of the frequency distribution, and maximum number of consecutive dry days. The evaluation for the 1961-1990 period indicates that the models reproduce spatial precipitation patterns and the annual cycle. The mean precipitation domain bias varies between 11 % and 40% in winter season and between -14.5% and 11% in summer. Larger errors are found for other statistics and in the various regions. No single best model could be identified comparing modeled precipitation characteristics with observational reference. The study shows that there is still high uncertainly in the expected climate change. Furthermore, future temperature and precipitation changes simulated with different SRES scenarios and calculated by different RCMs overlap. The temperature calculations for the period 2071-2100 related to the period 1961-1990 in the GAR area show an increase in the monthly mean 2m temperature of up to 4.8 K in summer. In the GAR area, a precipitation decrease of up to 29% in summer and precipitation increase of approximately 20% in the winter season is simulated. Summer and autumn temperatures are expected to increase more than winter and spring temperatures. Detailed analysis reveals that the different regional climate model runs based on different regional models, different driving global models and different emission scenarios show similar trends, but differ in the magnitude of the expected climate change signal. All models seem to agree on the increased frequency of high-precipitation events in the winter season. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union. AD - Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Kreu-zeckbahnstr. 19, D-82467 Garmisch-Partenkirehen, Germany Helmholtz-Zentrum Fr Umweltforschung GmbH-UFZ, Permoserstrae 15 I, 04318 Leipzig, Germany Smiatek, G. Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK-IFU), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Kreu-zeckbahnstr. 19, D-82467 Garmisch-Partenkirehen, Germany email: gerhard.smiatek@iink.fzk.de AU - Smiatek, G. AU - Kunstmann, H. 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Phys., 82, pp. 75-96. , doi:10.1007/s00703-001-0592-599; (1996), http://edcdaac.usgs.gov/gtopo30/readme,html, USGS, GTOPO30 documentation, technical report, U.S. Geological Survey, http://edcdaac.usgs.gov/gtopo30/README.htmlUR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-72049089871&partnerID=40&md5=d3d0a8bad425076bd46b2636b9324da2 IS - 19 J2 - J. Geophys. Res. D Atmos. KW - Alpine regions Annual cycle Best model Emission scenario European Alps Frequency distributions Global models High resolution Mean precipitation Mean temperature Other statistics Precipitation change Precipitation characteristics Precipitation events Precipitation patterns Regional climate models Regional model Spring temperatures SRES Scenario Sub-areas Temperature calculation Winter seasons Climate change air temperature alpine environment climate change climate modeling database precipitation assessment regional climate Alps Eurasia Europe LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 22 Art. No.: D19107 PY - 2009 SN - 01480227 ST - Precipitation and temperature statistics in high-resolution regional climate models: Evaluation for the European Alps T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres TI - Precipitation and temperature statistics in high-resolution regional climate models: Evaluation for the European Alps VL - 114 ID - 2791 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The intensive investigation site 'Mühleggerkopfl' in the North Tyrolean Limestone Alps can be classified as a clean-air area site. The mean concentrations of NOx are far below the effect-related limit value of the WHO (30 microg NOx m(-3)). The gravitational depositions in the open field (bulk deposition) ranged from 10.8 to 14.7 kg N ha(-1) a(-1) (throughfall: 11.3 to 12.3 kg N ha(-1) a(-1)) in the measuring years 1998 to 2000. Compared to these data, depositions in other forested areas of the Austrian Alps amounted to up to 30 kg N ha(-1) a(-1). The gravitational depositions (bulk deposition) alone--without considering dry and occult deposition slightly exceeded the lower limit of Critical Loads for coniferous and deciduous forests (>10 kg N ha(-1) a(-1)), but were below the Critical Loads for calcareous forests (15-20 kg N ha(-1) a(-1)). AU - Smidt, S. IS - Special Issue 2 PY - 2002 SP - 10-15 ST - Analyses of NOx and Wet Depositions at Mühleggerköpfl, North Tyrolean Limestone Alps T2 - Environmental Science and Pollution Research TI - Analyses of NOx and Wet Depositions at Mühleggerköpfl, North Tyrolean Limestone Alps ID - 2792 ER - TY - GEN AU - Smidt, S. AU - F. Herman, et al. CY - Horn, Austria PY - 1996 ST - Studies of ecosystems in the Limestone Alps - 'Achenkirch Altitude Profiles TI - Studies of ecosystems in the Limestone Alps - 'Achenkirch Altitude Profiles ID - 2793 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Smith, J. LB - smith1991 PY - 1991 SP - 21 - 28 ST - The potential impact of climate change on the Great Lakes T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. TI - The potential impact of climate change on the Great Lakes VL - 72 ID - 2794 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This review examines the interactions between soil physical factors and the biological processes responsible for the production and consumption in soils of greenhouse gases. The release of CO2 by aerobic respiration is a non-linear function of temperature over a wide range of soil water contents, but becomes a function of water content as a soil dries out. Some of the reported variation in the temperature response may be attributable simply to measurement procedures. Lowering the water table in organic soils by drainage increases the release of soil carbon as CO2 in some but not all environments, and reduces the quantity of CH4 emitted to the atmosphere. Ebullition and diffusion through the aerenchyma of rice and plants in natural wetlands both contribute substantially to the emission of CH4; the proportion of the emissions taking place by each pathway varies seasonally. Aerated soils are a sink for atmospheric CH4, through microbial oxidation. The main control on oxidation rate is gas diffusivity, and the temperature response is small. Nitrous oxide is the third greenhouse gas produced in soils, together with NO, a precursor of tropospheric ozone (a short-lived greenhouse gas). Emission of N2O increases markedly with increasing temperature, and this is attributed to increases in the anaerobic volume fraction, brought about by an increased respiratory sink for O2. Increases in water-filled pore space also result in increased anaerobic volume; again, the outcome is an exponential increase in N2O emission. The review draws substantially on sources from beyond the normal range of soil science literature, and is intended to promote integration of ideas, not only between soil biology and soil physics, but also over a wider range of interacting disciplines. AU - Smith, K. A. AU - Ball, T. AU - Conen, F. AU - Dobbie, K. E. AU - Massheder, J. AU - Rey, A. DO - 10.1046/j.1351-0754.2003.0567.x IS - 4 PY - 2003 SN - 1365-2389 SP - 779-791 ST - Exchange of greenhouse gases between soil and atmosphere: interactions of soil physical factors and biological processes T2 - European Journal of Soil Science TI - Exchange of greenhouse gases between soil and atmosphere: interactions of soil physical factors and biological processes UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1351-0754.2003.0567.x VL - 54 ID - 2795 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract. Soil carbon sequestration could meet at most about one-third of the current yearly increase in atmospheric CO2-carbon, but the duration of the effect would be limited, with significant impacts lasting only 20–50 years. Coupled with this limited duration, increases in population and per-capita energy demand mean that soil carbon sequestration could play only a minor role in closing the difference between predicted and target carbon emissions by 2100. However, if atmospheric CO2 concentrations are to be stabilized at reasonable levels (450–650 ppm), drastic reductions in carbon emissions will be required over the next 20–30 years. Given this, carbon sequestration should form a central role in any portfolio of measures to reduce atmospheric CO2 concentrations over this crucial period, while new energy technologies are developed and implemented. International agreements, such as the Kyoto Protocol, encourage soil carbon sequestration and could be used to formulate soil carbon sequestration polices. Such policies need to take account of other environmental impacts as well as political, economic and societal needs, so that they form part of a raft of measures encouraging sustainable development. Of the carbon sequestration options available, those of a ‘win–win’ nature, that is, those that increase carbon stocks at the same time as improving other aspects of the environment, and those that protect or enhance existing stocks (‘no regrets’ implementation) show the greatest promise in meeting these goals. AU - Smith, P. DO - 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00361.x IS - 2 KW - Soils global change climate change climate mitigation carbon sequestration PY - 2004 SN - 1475-2743 SP - 212-218 ST - Soils as carbon sinks: the global context T2 - Soil Use and Management TI - Soils as carbon sinks: the global context UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00361.x VL - 20 ID - 2796 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Agricultural lands occupy 37% of the earth's land surface. Agriculture accounts for 52 and 84% of global anthropogenic methane and nitrous oxide emissions. Agricultural soils may also act as a sink or source for CO 2, but the net flux is small. Many agricultural practices can potentially mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the most prominent of which are improved cropland and grazing land management and restoration of degraded lands and cultivated organic soils. Lower, but still significant mitigation potential is provided by water and rice management, set-aside, land use change and agroforestry, livestock management and manure management. The global technical mitigation potential from agriculture (excluding fossil fuel offsets from biomass) by 2030, considering all gases, is estimated to be approximately 5500-6000Mt CO 2-eq.yr -1, with economic potentials of approximately 1500-1600, 2500-2700 and 4000-4300Mt CO 2-eq.yr -1 at carbon prices of up to 20, up to 50 and up to 100 US$ t CO 2-eq. -1, respectively. In addition, GHG emissions could be reduced by substitution of fossil fuels for energy production by agricultural feedstocks (e.g. crop residues, dung and dedicated energy crops). The economic mitigation potential of biomass energy from agriculture is estimated to be 640, 2240 and 16 000Mt CO 2-eq.yr -1 at 0-20, 0-50 and 0-100 US$ t CO 2-eq. -1, respectively. © 2007 The Royal Society. AD - School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom Carbosur, Constituyente 1467/1202, Montevideo 11100, Uruguay Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State 1069, Nigeria Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada Institute of Economic Growth, University Enclave, Delhi 110 007, India Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States NREL, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States CSIR Division of Water, Environment and Forest Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa All-Russian Institute of Agricultural Meteorology, Obninsk, 249020, Russian Federation CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China Pryanishnikov All-Russian Institute of Agrochemistry (VNIIA), 127550 Moscow, Russian Federation Departments of Geosciences and Economics, Hamburg University, 20146 Hamburg, Germany Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment, King Monkut's University of Technology, Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok 10140, Thailand Smith, P. School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom email: pete.smith@abdn.ac.uk AU - Smith, P. AU - Martino, D. AU - Cai, Z. AU - Gwary, D. AU - Janzen, H. AU - Kumar, P. AU - McCarl, B. AU - Ogle, S. AU - O'Mara, F. AU - Rice, C. AU - Scholes, B. AU - Sirotenko, O. AU - Howden, M. AU - McAllister, T. AU - Pan, G. AU - Romanenkov, V. AU - Schneider, U. AU - Towprayoon, S. AU - Wattenbach, M. AU - Smith, J. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1098/rstb.2007.2184 IS - 1492 J2 - Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 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PB - Alterra, Wageningen, The Netherlands PY - 2009 SP - 200 ST - Biodiversity conservation at business sites – options and opportunities TI - Biodiversity conservation at business sites – options and opportunities VL - PhD ID - 2798 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Societies, International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent CY - Geneva, Switzerland PY - 2006 ST - What is VCA? An introduction to vulnerability and capacity assessment. TI - What is VCA? An introduction to vulnerability and capacity assessment UR - http://www.ifrc.org/Global/Publications/disasters/vca/whats-vca-en.pdf Y2 - 22.2.2014 ID - 3637 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - StartClim AU - Soja, G., Soja, A., Eitzinger, J., Gruszcynski, G., Trnka, M., Kubu, G., Formayer, H., Schneider, W., Sup-pan, F. and Koukal, T. CY - Vienna. PY - 2005 ST - Analyse der Auswirkungen der Trockenheit 2003 in der Landwirt-schaft Österreichs: Vergleich verschiedener Methoden. TI - Analyse der Auswirkungen der Trockenheit 2003 in der Landwirt-schaft Österreichs: Vergleich verschiedener Methoden ID - 2799 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Soja, G. AU - Soja, A. PY - 2003 ST - Dokumentation von Auswirkungen extremer Wetterereignisse auf die landwirtschaftliche Produktion TI - Dokumentation von Auswirkungen extremer Wetterereignisse auf die landwirtschaftliche Produktion UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2003 ID - 2800 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Soja, G. AU - Soja, A. PY - 2005 ST - Analyse der Auswirkungen der Trockenheit 2003 in der Landwirtschaft Österreichs – Vergleich verschiedener Methoden TI - Analyse der Auswirkungen der Trockenheit 2003 in der Landwirtschaft Österreichs – Vergleich verschiedener Methoden UR - http://www.austroclim.at/index.php?id=startclim2004 ID - 2801 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Span, N. AU - Fischer, A. AU - Kuhn, M. PY - 2005 ST - Radarmessungen der Eisdicke Österreichischer Gletscher T2 - Österreichische Beiträge zu Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Radarmessungen der Eisdicke Österreichischer Gletscher VL - 33 ID - 2802 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Umweltbundesamt AU - W., Spangl AU - Ch., Nagl AU - J., Schneider AU - A., Kaiser DO - ISBN 3-85457-833-4 LA - Deutsch M1 - REP-0034 PY - 2006 SP - 111 ST - HERKUNFTSANALYSE DER PM10-BELASTUNG IN ÖSTERREICH Ferntransport und regionale Beiträge TI - HERKUNFTSANALYSE DER PM10-BELASTUNG IN ÖSTERREICH Ferntransport und regionale Beiträge ID - 2803 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Wien, Umweltbundesamt AU - Spangl, W. AU - Nagl, C. AU - Schneider, J. PB - Burgenlädiche Landesregierung PY - 2004 ST - Statuserhebung betreffend Überschreitungen des IG-L-Grenzwertes für PM 10 an der Messstellen Eisenstadt, Illmitz und Kittsee im Jahr 2002. TI - Statuserhebung betreffend Überschreitungen des IG-L-Grenzwertes für PM 10 an der Messstellen Eisenstadt, Illmitz und Kittsee im Jahr 2002. UR - http://www.luft-bgld. at/Endbericht_Statuserhebung_pm10_burgenland.pdf ID - 2804 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Wien, Umweltbundesamt AU - Spangl, W. AU - Nagl, C. AU - Schneider, J. PB - Amt dr Niederösterreichischen Landesregierung BD4 und RU4 PY - 2005 ST - Untersuchung der PM 10- Immissionssituation an den Luftgütemessstellen in Niederösterreich in den Jahren 2002 und 2003. Statuserhebung mit vorläufiger Emissionsbetrachtung betreffend die Überschreitung des Immissionsgrenzwertes für PM 10 in den Jahren 2002 und 2003. TI - Untersuchung der PM 10- Immissionssituation an den Luftgütemessstellen in Niederösterreich in den Jahren 2002 und 2003. Statuserhebung mit vorläufiger Emissionsbetrachtung betreffend die Überschreitung des Immissionsgrenzwertes für PM 10 in den Jahren 2002 und 2003. UR - http://www.noel.gv.at/SERVICE/BD/Bd4/luft/pdf/Statuserhebung_PM10_NOE.pdf ID - 2805 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Umweltbundesamt AU - Spangl, W. AU - Nagl, C. AU - Schneider, J. AU - Lorbeer, G. AU - Placer, K. AU - Lichtblau, G. AU - Kurzweil, A. AU - Ortner, R. AU - Böhmer, S. AU - Kaiser, A. PB - Amt der Wiener Landesregierung MA 22 PY - 2004 ST - Fachgrundlagen für eine Statuserhebung zur PM 10- Belastung in Wien TI - Fachgrundlagen für eine Statuserhebung zur PM 10- Belastung in Wien UR - http://www.wien.gv.at/umweltschutz/pool/pdf/pm10.pdf ID - 2806 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Wien, Umweltbundesamt AU - Spangl, W. AU - Schneider, J. AU - Nagl, C. AU - Böhmer, S. AU - Kurzweil, A. AU - Ortner, R. AU - Pölz, W. PB - Burgenländische Landesregierung PY - 2006 ST - Statuserhebung betreffernd PM 10 Grenzüberschreitungen in Oberwart im Jahr 2003 TI - Statuserhebung betreffernd PM 10 Grenzüberschreitungen in Oberwart im Jahr 2003 ID - 2807 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Umweltbundesamt AU - Spangl, Wolfgang AU - Placer, Kerstin AU - Moosmann, Lorenz AU - Schneider, Jürgen DO - ISBN 3-85457-819-9 PY - 2005 SP - 52 S. ST - Abschätzung  der Gesundheitsauswirkungen von Schwebestaub in Österreich TI - Abschätzung  der Gesundheitsauswirkungen von Schwebestaub in Österreich UR - http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/fileadmin/site/publikationen/REP0020.pdf VL - Band 0020 ID - 2808 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sparks, T. H. LB - spar99 PY - 1999 SP - 134-138 ST - Phenology and the changing pattern of bird migration in Britain T2 - Int. J. Biomemeorol. TI - Phenology and the changing pattern of bird migration in Britain VL - 42 ID - 2809 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sparks, T. H. AU - Braslavska, O. LB - spar01 PY - 2001 SP - 212-216 ST - The effects of temperature, altitude and latitude on the arrival and departure dates of the swallow Hirundo rustica in the Slovak Republic T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - The effects of temperature, altitude and latitude on the arrival and departure dates of the swallow Hirundo rustica in the Slovak Republic VL - 45 ID - 2810 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sparks, T. H. AU - Carey, P. D. LB - spar95 PY - 1995 SP - 321-329 ST - The response of species to climate over two centuries: an analysis of the Marsham phenological record T2 - J. Ecol. TI - The response of species to climate over two centuries: an analysis of the Marsham phenological record VL - 83 ID - 2811 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sparks, T. H. AU - Menzel, A. LB - spar02 PY - 2002 SP - 1715-1725 ST - Observed Changes in Seasons: an Overview T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Observed Changes in Seasons: an Overview VL - 22 ID - 2812 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sparks, Yates LB - spar97 PY - 1997 SP - 368-374 ST - The effect of spring temperature on the appearance date of Britisch butterflies 1883-1993 T2 - Ecograpy TI - The effect of spring temperature on the appearance date of Britisch butterflies 1883-1993 VL - 20 ID - 2813 ER - TY - CHAP AB - Since Europe appears to be more affected by climate change than the global average, novel concepts for the adaptation of forest and forestry to future climate and site conditions are urgently needed in order to maintain a sustainable use of forest resources. In Central Europe, extreme weather events like heat waves, drought, and storms, which may increase in frequency and intensity, as well as raised activity of biotic agents, are thought to put a high level of disturbance pressure on forests. Based on recent studies and conceptual papers, we introduce a concept for adaptive forest management in Central Europe including various options for (1) perpetuation of forest structures, (2) active adaptation, and (3) passive adaptation. The feasibility of this concept in forest planning is discussed in light of examples from Bavaria (Germany) and southern Sweden. In addition the text addresses the implementation of adaptive forest management in silvicultural operations in order to assist forest adaptation to climate change, touching the fields of tree species selection, site preparation, regeneration techniques, thinning, and felling types. Though today’s debates on forest adaptation focus on forest transformation due to a replacement of tree species reputed to be sensitive to climate change pressures, we conclude that there is a large variety of promising silvicultural options such as site preparation and changed thinning and felling systems that reduce competition within the overstorey, but also particularly for regeneration. The use of species of different succesional stages in mixtures and of tested introduced species and provenances may also provide a dditional options for the adaptation of forest to climate change. However, research activities dealing with adequate adaptive measures must be intensified in order optimize the suggested adaptive management options. AU - Spathelf, Peter AU - Bolte, Andreas AU - Ammer, Christian AU - Löf, Magnus AU - Nabuurs, Gert-Jan AU - Schall, Peter DO - 10.1007/978-90-481-3301-7_8 LA - English PB - Springer Netherlands PY - 2009 SN - 978-90-481-3300-0 SP - 115-139 ST - Adaptive Forest Management: A Prerequisite for Sustainable Forestry in the Face of Climate Change T2 - Sustainable Forest Management in a Changing World T3 - Managing Forest Ecosystems TI - Adaptive Forest Management: A Prerequisite for Sustainable Forestry in the Face of Climate Change UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3301-7_8 VL - 19 ID - 2814 ER - TY - RPRT AU - SPENGLER, B. PY - 2010 ST - Anpassungsfähige, nachhaltige Regenwasserbewirtschaftung T2 - Factsheet. Teilprojekt E3.2 Innovative Konzepte für eine sichere und anpassungsfähige Regenwasserbewirtschaftung TI - Anpassungsfähige, nachhaltige Regenwasserbewirtschaftung UR - http://www.dynaklim.de/dynaklim/index/dynaklim/projekt/programm/e3-2.html (am 28.02.2013 nicht mehr verfügbar) ID - 2815 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Stomatal conductance (g(s)) and transpiration (E) are often positively correlated with the hydraulic conductance of the soil-leaf continuum (k(s-l)). Interaction between g(s) and k(s-l) helps regulate water potential (Ψ) of leaves. When soil and plant Ψ decreases during water stress, k(s-l) decreases. A well-documented cause of the decrease in k(s-l) is xylem cavitation. The interaction between k and Ψ in xylem creates physical limits on the range of Ψ and E over which gas exchange can occur. Differences in drought tolerance between species correlate with hydraulic limits. Safety margins from complete hydraulic failure are often small enough to require stomatal regulation of Ψ and E. While stomatal regulation avoids complete hydraulic failure, controlled decreases in plant k can be substantial during drought. Decreasing plant k amplifies the effect of water stress on the leaves and effectively increases the sensitivity of the stomatal response to drought. Increased stomatal sensitivity may promote drought survival. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. AD - Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 S 1400E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States Sperry, J.S. Department of Biology, University of Utah, 275 S 1400E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States email: sperry@biology.utah.edu AU - Sperry, J. S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S0168-1923(00)00144-1 IS - 1 J2 - Agric. For. Meterol. 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Bot., 44, pp. 1075-1082; Sperry, J.S., Adler, F.R., Campbell, G.S., Comstock, J.C., Limitation of plant water use by rhizosphere and xylem conductances: Results from a model (1998) Plant, Cell Environ., 21, pp. 347-359; Sperry, J.S., Saliendra, N.Z., Pockman, W.T., Cochard, H.E., Cruziat, P., Davis, S.D., Ewers, F.W., Tyree, M.T., New evidence for large negative xylem pressures and their measurement by the pressure chamber method (1996) Plant, Cell Environ., 19, pp. 427-436; Steudle, E., The regulation of plant water at the cell, tissue, and organ level: Role of active process and of compartmentation (1994) Flux Control in Biological Systems. from Enzymes to Populations and Ecosystems, pp. 237-299. , In: Schulze, E.D. (Ed.), Academic Press, San Diego; Tal, M., Abnormal stomatal behaviour in wilty mutants of tomato (1966) Plant Physiol., 41, pp. 1387-1391; Tyree, M.T., Sperry, J.S., Do woody plants operate near the point of catastrophic xylem dysfunction caused by dynamic water stress? Answers from a model (1988) Plant Physiol., 88, pp. 574-580; Tyree, M.T., Sperry, J.S., Vulnerability of xylem to cavitation and embolism (1989) Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 40, pp. 19-38; Whitehead, D., Livingston, N.J., Kelliher, F.M., Hogan, K.P., Pepin, S., Mcseveny, T.M., Byers, J.N., Response of transpiration and photosynthesis to a transient change in illuminated foliage area for a Pinus radiata D. Don tree (1996) Plant, Cell Environ., 19, pp. 949-957; Zimmermann, M.H., (1983) Xylem Structure and the Ascent of Sap, , Springer, New York PY - 2000 SN - 01681923 SP - 13-23 ST - Hydraulic constraints on plant gas exchange T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Hydraulic constraints on plant gas exchange UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034710276&partnerID=40&md5=64348e043ad1db1806bb8ddb7890b6c7 VL - 104 ID - 2816 ER - TY - JOUR AD - Biology Department, 257S 1400E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States Sperry, J.S. Biology Department, 257S 1400E, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States email: sperry@biology.utah.edu AU - Sperry, J. S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01072.x IS - 3 J2 - New Phytol. KW - Hydraulic architecture Seedless vascular plant physiology Stomatal regulation Water transport Xylem cavitation Tracheophyta LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 19 CODEN: NEPHA References: Brodribb, T.J., Holbrook, N.M., Stomatal protection against hydraulic failure: A comparison of coexisting ferns and angiosperms (2004) New Phytologist, 162, pp. 663-670; Bucci, S.J., Scholz, F.G., Goldstein, G., Meinzer, F.C., Da Sternberg, L., Sy, L., Dynamic changes in hydraulic conductivity in petioles of two savanna tree species: Factors and mechanisms contributing to the refilling of embolized vessels (2003) Plant, Cell & Environment, 26, pp. 1633-1645; Carlquist, S., Schneider, E.L., SEM studies on vessels in ferns: 4. Astrolepis (1997) American Fern Journal, 87, pp. 43-50; Doyle, J.A., Phylogeny of vascular plants (1998) Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 29, pp. 567-599; Feild, T.S., Brodribb, T., Holbrook, N.M., Hardly a relict: Freezing and the evolution of vesselless wood in Winteraceae (2002) Evolution, 56, pp. 464-478; Hacke, U.G., Sperry, J.S., Ewers, B.E., Ellsworth, D.S., Schäfer, K.V.R., Oren, R., Influence of soil porosity on water use in Pinus taeda (2000) Oecologia, 124, pp. 495-505; Hacke, U.G., Sperry, J.S., Pittermann, J., Analysis of circular bordered pit function. II. Gymnosperm tracheids with torus-margo pit membranes (2004) American Journal of Botany, 91, pp. 386-400; Henzler, T., Waterhouse, R.N., Smyth, A.J., Carvajal, M., Cooke, D.T., Schaffner, A.R., Steudle, E., Clarkson, D.T., Diurnal variations in hydraulic conductivity and root pressure can be correlated with the expression of putative aquaporins in the roots of Lotus Japonicus (1999) Planta, 210, pp. 50-60; Hubbard, R.M., Stiller, V., Ryan, M.G., Sperry, J.S., Stomatal conductance and photosynthesis vary linearly with plant hydraulic conductance in ponderosa pine (2001) Plant, Cell & Environment, 24, pp. 113-121; Jones, H.G., Sutherland, R., Stomatal control of xylem embolism (1991) Plant, Cell & Environment, 14, pp. 607-612; Li, H., Taylor, E.L., Taylor, T.N., Permian vessel elements (1996) Science, 271, pp. 188-189; Linton, M.J., Sperry, J.S., Williams, D.G., Limits to water transport in Juniperus osteosperma and Pinus edulis: Implications for drought tolerance and regulation of transpiration (1998) Functional Ecology, 12, pp. 906-911; Milburn, J.A., Cavitation studies in whole Ricinus plants by acoustic detection (1973) Planta, 112, pp. 333-342; Sperry, J.S., Observations on the structure and function of hydathodes in Blechnum lehmanii (1983) American Fern Journal, 73, pp. 65-72; Sperry, J.S., Hacke, U.G., Oren, R., Comstock, J.P., Water deficits and hydraulic limits to leaf water supply (2002) Plant, Cell & Environment, 25, pp. 251-263; Zwieniecki, M.A., Melcher, P.J., Holbrook, N.M., Hydrogel control of xylem hydraulic resistance in plants (2001) Science, 291, pp. 1059-1062 PY - 2004 SN - 0028646X SP - 568-570 ST - Coordinating stomatal and xylem functioning - An evolutionary perspective T2 - New Phytologist TI - Coordinating stomatal and xylem functioning - An evolutionary perspective UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-2542583903&partnerID=40&md5=43f487567f1dd598cd535e80ba807422 VL - 162 ID - 2817 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract Hydraulic conductivity of the xylem is computed as the quotient of mass flow rate and pressure gradient. Measurements on excised plant stems can be difficult to interpret because of time-dependent reductions in flow rate, and because of variable degrees of embolism. Using Acer saccharum Marsh. stems, we found that certain perfusing solutions including dilute fixatives (e.g. 0.05% formaldehyde) and acids with pH below 3 (e.g. 10 mol m−3 oxalic) prevent long-term decline in conductivity. Xylem embolism can be quantified by expressing the initial conductivity as a percentage of the maximum obtained after flow-impeding air emboli have been removed by repeated high-pressure (175 kPa) flushes. Correlation between microbial contamination and declining conductivity suggests that long-term (> 4h) declines are caused by microbial growth within the vessels. Unpredictable trends in short-term (< 4h) measurements may be caused by movements of air emboli in vessels and/or participate matter. AU - Sperry, J. S. AU - Donnelly, J. R. AU - Tyree, M. T. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-3040.1988.tb01774.x IS - 1 KW - xylem hydraulic conductivity xylem cavitation xylem embolism sugar maple Acer saccharum PY - 1988 SN - 1365-3040 SP - 35-40 ST - A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem T2 - Plant, Cell & Environment TI - A method for measuring hydraulic conductivity and embolism in xylem UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1988.tb01774.x VL - 11 ID - 2818 ER - TY - THES AU - Speth, S. LB - spet97 N1 - Diss. PB - Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kriel PY - 1997 SP - 108 ST - Aspekte der Respiration und Verhaltens limnischer Insekten-Larven (Insecta) bei Sauerstoffmangel TI - Aspekte der Respiration und Verhaltens limnischer Insekten-Larven (Insecta) bei Sauerstoffmangel ID - 2819 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Spitzenberger, F. LB - spit02 PY - 2002 SP - 895 ST - [2001]) Die Säugetierfauna Österreichs T2 - Grüne Reihe des BMLFUW TI - [2001]) Die Säugetierfauna Österreichs VL - 13 ID - 2820 ER - TY - WEB AU - Main, Stadt Frankfurt am M1 - 8.6.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.frankfurt.de/sixcms/detail.php?id=3061&_ffmpar[_id_inhalt]=5786529 ID - 2821 ER - TY - WEB AU - Regensburg, Stadt M1 - 9.6.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.regensburg.de/sixcms/detail.php/37868 ID - 2822 ER - TY - WEB AU - Wien, Stadt M1 - 19.5.2011 PY - 2011 ST - Stadtplan mit Trinkbrunnen-Standorten: Wien Kulturgut-Übersicht mit den Standorten der Monumental- und Denkmalbrunnen TI - Stadtplan mit Trinkbrunnen-Standorten: Wien Kulturgut-Übersicht mit den Standorten der Monumental- und Denkmalbrunnen UR - http://www.wien.gv.at/stadtplan/grafik.aspx?lang=de-AT&bookmark=88ZgRSRfkUXZIr1GF6ItRu5RphlnHrlu7zGYRuQr ID - 2823 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Wien, Stadt PY - April 2005 ST - Maßnahmenpaket der Stadt Wien gegen Feinstaub TI - Maßnahmenpaket der Stadt Wien gegen Feinstaub UR - http://www.magwien.gv.at/umweltschutz/luft/pdf/feinstaub1.pdf ID - 2824 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Wien, Stadt PY - September 2005 ST - Maßnahmenpaket der Stadt Wien gegen Feinstaub TI - Maßnahmenpaket der Stadt Wien gegen Feinstaub UR - http://www.magwien.gv.at/umweltschutz/luft/pdf/feinstaub2.pdf ID - 2825 ER - TY - WEB AU - 41, Stadtvermessung Wien/MA M1 - 19.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.wien.gv.at/stadtentwicklung/stadtvermessung/geodaten/stadtmodell/ ID - 2826 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Staffler, H. AU - Karrer, G. PY - 2001 SP - 301 - 358 ST - Wärmeliebende Wälder im Vinschgau T2 - Sauterier TI - Wärmeliebende Wälder im Vinschgau VL - 11 ID - 2827 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Stahr, A. AU - Hartmann, T. CY - Berlin, Heidelberg PB - Springer PY - 1999 SE - 398 ST - Landschaftsformen und Landschaftselemente im Hochgebirge TI - Landschaftsformen und Landschaftselemente im Hochgebirge ID - 2828 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stamnes, Knut AU - Tsay, S. Chee AU - Wiscombe, Warren AU - Jayaweera, Kolf IS - 12 PY - 1988 SP - 2502-2509 ST - Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media T2 - Appl. Opt. TI - Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media UR - http://ao.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-27-12-2502 VL - 27 ID - 2829 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Burga, C.A. & Kratochwil, A. (eds.) AU - Stampfli, A. & M. Zeiter CY - Dordrecht PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers PY - 2001 ST - Species responses to climatic variation and land use change in grasslands of Southern Switzerland T2 - Biomonitoring. General and applied aspects and global scales TI - Species responses to climatic variation and land use change in grasslands of Southern Switzerland ID - 2830 ER - TY - GEN AU - Standard DA - 16. August LB - standard2002 PY - 2002 ID - 2831 ER - TY - GEN AU - Standard DA - 16. August LB - standard2002 PY - 2002 ID - 2832 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The process-oriented model PnET-N-DNDC describing biogeochemical cycling of C- and N and N-trace gas fluxes (N2O and NO) in forest ecosystems was tested for its sensitivity to changes in environmental factors (e.g., temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, atmospheric N-deposition, soil characteristics). Sensitivity analyses revealed that predicted N-cycling and N-trace gas emissions varied within measured ranges. For model validation, data sets of N-trace gas emissions from seven different temperate forest ecosystems in the United States, Denmark, Austria, and Germany were used. Simulations of N2O emissions revealed that field observations and model predictions agreed well for both flux magnitude and its seasonal pattern. Differences between predicted and measured mean N2O fluxes were <27%. An exception to this was the N-limited pine stand at Harvard Forest, where predictions of fluxes deviated by 380% from field measurements. This difference is most likely due to a missing mechanism in PnET-N-DNDC describing uptake of atmospheric N2O by soils. PnET-N-DNDC was also validated for its capability to predict NO emission from soils. Predicted and measured mean NO fluxes at three different field sites agreed within a range of ±13%. The correlation between modeled and predicted NO emissions from the spruce and beech stand at the Höglwald Forest was r 2 = 0.24 (spruce) and r 2 = 0.35 (beech), respectively. The results obtained from both sensitivity analyses and validations with field data sets from temperate forest soils indicate that PnET-N-DNDC can be successfully used to predict N2O and NO emissions from a broad range of temperate forest sites. AU - Stange, Florian AU - Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus AU - Papen, Hans AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Li, Changsheng AU - Aber, John DO - 10.1029/1999JD900948 IS - D4 PY - 2000 SN - 0148-0227 SP - 4385-4398 ST - A process-oriented model of N2O and NO emissions from forest soils 2. Sensitivity analysis and validation T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - A process-oriented model of N2O and NO emissions from forest soils 2. Sensitivity analysis and validation UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900948 VL - 105 ID - 2833 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Starling-Westerberg, A. PY - 2001 SP - 76-89 ST - The habitat use and diet of Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix) in the Pennine Hills of Northern England. T2 - Bird Study TI - The habitat use and diet of Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix) in the Pennine Hills of Northern England. VL - 48 ID - 2834 ER - TY - JOUR AU - STARLING-WESTERBERG, A. PY - 2001 SP - 76-89. ST - The habitat use and diet of Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix) in the Pennine Hills of Northern England. Bird Study 48: TI - The habitat use and diet of Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix) in the Pennine Hills of Northern England. Bird Study 48 ID - 2835 ER - TY - RPRT AU - StartClim PB - Institut für Meteorologie (Universität für Bodenkultur) und Institut für Umwelthygiene (Medizinische Universität Wien, ZPH) PY - 2006 ST - Untersuchung zur nächtlichen Abkühlung in einem sich ändernden Klima. Studie im Rahmen von StartClim 2005.A1b TI - Untersuchung zur nächtlichen Abkühlung in einem sich ändernden Klima. Studie im Rahmen von StartClim 2005.A1b ID - 2836 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Austria, Statistics CY - Wien PB - STATISTIK AUSTRIA PY - 2003 ST - Systematik der Wirtschaftstätigkeiten ÖNACE 2003, Band 1: Einführung, Grundstruktur, Erläuterungen TI - Systematik der Wirtschaftstätigkeiten ÖNACE 2003, Band 1: Einführung, Grundstruktur, Erläuterungen UR - http://www.statistik.at/oenace ID - 2837 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Austria, Statistik AU - Austria, Statistics CY - Wien PY - 2004 ST - Gebäude- und Wohnungszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark TI - Gebäude- und Wohnungszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark ID - 2838 ER - TY - WEB AU - Austria, Statistics PY - 2007 SP - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/bevoelkerung/index.html ST - Statistiken, Bevölkerung TI - Statistiken, Bevölkerung ID - 2839 ER - TY - WEB AU - Austria, Statistics PY - 2008 SP - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/wohnen_und_gebaeude/index.html ST - Statistiken, Wohnungen, Gebäude TI - Statistiken, Wohnungen, Gebäude ID - 2840 ER - TY - WEB AU - AUSTRIA, STATISTIK SP - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/land_und_forstwirtschaft/agrarstruktur_flaechen_ert raege/bodennutzung/index.html ST - 2009 TI - 2009 ID - 2841 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Austria, Statistik AU - Austria, Statistik CY - Wien PY - 2004 ST - Volkszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark TI - Volkszählung 2001, Hauptergebnisse Steiermark ID - 2842 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Austria, Statistik AU - Austria, Statistik CY - Wien PB - Kommissionsverlag PY - 2005 ST - Jahrbuch der Gesundheitsstatistik 2004 TI - Jahrbuch der Gesundheitsstatistik 2004 ID - 2843 ER - TY - WEB AU - Austria, Statistik PY - 2007 ST - Energiebilanzen 1970 (1988) - 2004 TI - Energiebilanzen 1970 (1988) - 2004 ID - 2844 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 487 AU - Statistik, Austria CY - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/land_und_forstwirtschaft/preise_bilanzen/preise_preisindex/index.html [accessed 2011-07-27] KW - crop prices statistics ST - Land- und Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugerpreise 2004 bis 2010 TI - Land- und Forstwirtschaftliche Erzeugerpreise 2004 bis 2010 UR - http://www.statistik.at/web_de/statistiken/land_und_forstwirtschaft/preise_bilanzen/preise_preisindex/index.html ID - 2845 ER - TY - GEN AU - Statistik-Austria AU - Statistik_Austria ST - Bevöklerungsstand inkl. Revisionen seit 1.1.2008 Online-Blick auf die Gemeinde Trieben TI - Bevöklerungsstand inkl. Revisionen seit 1.1.2008 Online-Blick auf die Gemeinde Trieben UR - }a:link { } http://www.statistik.at/blickgem/gemDetail.do?gemnr=61247 (21.1.2014) ID - 3653 ER - TY - WEB AU - Statistik_Austria M1 - 21.1.2014 PY - 2013 ST - Registerzählung vom 31.10.2011 Demographische Daten, Wanderung der Gemeinde Trieben TI - Registerzählung vom 31.10.2011 Demographische Daten, Wanderung der Gemeinde Trieben UR - http://www.statistik.at/blickgem/rg2/g61247.pdf ID - 3654 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stattersfield, A. J. AU - Crosby, M. J. AU - Long, A. J. AU - Wege, D. C. LB - stat98 PY - 1998 SP - 7 ST - Endemic Bird Areas of the World: Prioritiesfor Biodiversity Conservation T2 - BordLife Conservation Series No. TI - Endemic Bird Areas of the World: Prioritiesfor Biodiversity Conservation ID - 2846 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stearns, S. C. LB - stea92 PY - 1992 SP - 249 ST - The evolution of life-histories T2 - Oxford University Press TI - The evolution of life-histories ID - 2847 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Impacts of cover crops, tillage and abiotic factors on soil nitrogen (N) dynamics, greenhouse gas emissions, and microbiological functions were investigated in a vineyard in California's Mediterranean climate. Treatments had been established in fall 2001 and were composed of two cover crops [Trios 102 (Triticale × Triosecale), ('Trios'), Merced Rye (Secale cereale), ('Rye')] and cultivation ('Cultivation'). Soils were sampled every 2-3 weeks from November 2005 to November 2006. Effects of season and treatment on potential nitrification and denitrification also were determined. Gravimetric water content (GWC) reflected winter and spring rainfall, and soil temperature generally did not differ among treatments. Microbial biomass N (MBN) typically was 2-3-fold greater in 'Rye' and 'Trios' than 'Cultivation' in winter and spring, but these differences among treatments disappeared in summer. Soil nitrate (NO3--N) was consistently greater in cultivated soils, with little temporal change in any treatment. In contrast, soil ammonium (NH4+-N) in cover crop treatments was 2-3-fold greater than 'Cultivation' in winter and spring, increasing in all treatments in summer after cover crops had been mowed and 'Cultivation' had been tilled. Significant multiple linear regressions of MBN on GWC, soil temperature, NH4+-N and NO3--N for all treatments indicated that GWC significantly explained changes in MBN. Soil temperature also was significant for 'Trios' only, but its standard coefficient value was low, indicating its lesser importance in determining MBN. Despite a significant multiple linear regression of nitrous oxide (N2O) efflux on GWC, soil temperature, NH4+-N and NO3--N in 'Trios' only, no single variate explained the observed variation. However, increases in N2O were detected after both cultivation and increases in GWC from precipitation in winter, late spring, and fall. Mean daily N2O efflux was greater in cover crops, but annual N2O efflux was low as compared to fertilized and unfertilized annual cropping systems. Potential nitrification, N mineralization and denitrification were generally 2-4-fold greater in cover crop treatments than 'Cultivation'. Thus, cover crops enhanced the soil's capacity for supporting greater MBN, potential N mineralization, and the microbiological functions of nitrification and denitrification. Also, N dynamics appear to be more sensitive to changes in soil water content than temperature. We suggest that potential impacts of greater N2O emissions from cover crop soils be evaluated with reference to other benefits of cover cropping, such as increased soil organic matter content, improved microbiological activity, and N availability. AD - USDA, ARS, CPGRU, 1023 Wickson Hall, One Shields Ave., CA 95616, United States Steenwerth, K. USDA, ARS, CPGRU, 1023 Wickson Hall, One Shields Ave., CA 95616, United States email: ksteenwerth@ucdavis.edu AU - Steenwerth, K. AU - Belina, K. M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.apsoil.2008.06.004 IS - 2 J2 - Appl. Soil Ecol. KW - Denitrification Disturbance Greenhouse gas Land use Microbial activity Microbial biomass N mineralization Nitrification Nitrous oxide Soil organic matter Tillage Trace gas efflux Secale cereale Triticosecale LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):27 CODEN: ASECF References: Appel, T., Non-biomass soil organic N-the substrate for N mineralization flushes following soil drying-rewetting and for organic N rendered CaCl2-extractable upon soil drying (1998) Soil Biol. Biochem., 30, pp. 1445-1456; Barrett, J.E., Burke, I.C., Potential nitrogen immobilization in grassland soils across a soil organic matter gradient (2000) Soil Biol. Biochem., 32, pp. 1707-1716; Baumgartner, K., Smith, R.F., Bettiga, L., Weed control and cover crop management affect mycorrhizal colonization of grapevine roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spore populations in a California vineyard (2005) Mycorrhiza, 15, pp. 111-119; Brookes, P.C., Landman, A., Pruden, G., Jenkinson, D.S., Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil-nitrogen-a rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen in soil (1985) Soil Biol. Biochem., 17, pp. 837-842; Burger, M., Jackson, L.E., Microbial immobilization and nitrate in relation to ammonification and nitrification rates in organic and conventional cropping systems (2003) Soil Biol. Biochem., 35, pp. 29-36; Calderón, F.J., Jackson, L.E., Scow, K.M., Rolston, D.E., Short-term dynamics of nitrogen, microbial activity, and phospholipid fatty acids after tillage (2001) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 65, pp. 118-126; Christensen, S., Simkins, S., Tiedje, J.M., Temporal patterns of soil denitrification; their stability and causes (1990) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 54, pp. 1614-1618; Cook, T.D., (1978) Soil Survey of Monterey County, California, , United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Forest Service and University of California Agricultural Experiment Station, Washington, D.C. pp. 15-16, 34, 224-225; Dahlin, S., Kirchmann, H., Katterer, T., Gunnarsson, S., Bergström, L., Possibilities for improving nitrogen use from organic materials in agricultural cropping systems (2005) Ambio, 34, pp. 288-295; Dalal, R.C., Want, W., Robertson, G.P., Parton, W.J., Nitrous oxide emission from Australian agricultural lands and mitigation options: a review (2003) Aust. J. Soil Res., 41, pp. 165-195; Davidson, E.A., Sources of nitric oxide and nitrous oxide following wetting of dry soil (1992) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 56, pp. 95-102; Drury, C.F., McKeeney, D.J., Findlay, W.I., Relationships between denitrification, microbial biomass and indigenous soil properties (1991) Soil Biol. Biochem., 23, pp. 751-755; Folorunso, O.A., Rolston, D.E., Spatial variability of field-measured denitrification gas fluxes (1984) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 48, pp. 1214-1219; Fortuna, A., Harwood, R.R., Robertson, G.P., Fisk, J.W., Paul, E.A., Seasonal changes in nitrification potential associated with application of N fertilizer and compost in maize systems of southwest Michigan (2003) Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 97, pp. 285-293; Grandy, A.S., Robertson, G.P., Initial cultivation of a temperate-region soil immediately accelerates aggregate turnover and CO2 and N2O fluxes (2006) Glob. Change Biol., 12, pp. 1507-1520; Grandy, A.S., Loecke, T.D., Parr, S., Robertson, G.P., Long-term trends in nitrous oxide emissions, soil nitrogen, and crop yields of till and no-till cropping systems (2006) J. Environ. 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USA TI - Climate, changing phenology and other life history traits: Nonlinearity and match-mismatch to the environment VL - 99 ID - 2865 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stenseth, N. C. AU - Myterud AU - A. LB - sten02 PY - 2002 SP - 13379-13381 ST - Climate, changing phenology and other life history traits: Nonlinearity and match-mismatch to the environment T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Climate, changing phenology and other life history traits: Nonlinearity and match-mismatch to the environment VL - 99 ID - 2866 ER - TY - GEN AU - Stephenson, D. B. DA - June 11-13 LB - stephenson2002 PB - http://www.met.rdg.ac.uk/~han/Extremes/extreme1.pdf IPCC workshop on extreme weather and climate events, Beijing, China. PY - 2002 ST - Estimation and Attribution of Changes in Extreme Weather and Climate Events. TI - Estimation and Attribution of Changes in Extreme Weather and Climate Events ID - 2867 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Calibration of a recently developed water flow and storage model based on experimental data for a young diffuse-porous beech tree (Fagus sylvatica L.) and a young ringporous oak tree (Quercus robur L.) revealed that differences in stem wood anatomy between species strongly affect the calibrated values of the hydraulic model parameters. The hydraulic capacitance (C) of the stem storage tissue was higher in oak than in beech (939.8 versus 212.3 mg MPa-1). Model simulation of the elastic modulus (ε) revealed that this difference was linked to the higher elasticity of the stem storage tissue of oak compared with beech. Furthermore, the hydraulic resistance (Rx) of beech was about twice that of oak (0.1829 versus 0.1072 MPa s mg-1). To determine the physiological meaning of the Rx parameter identified by model calibration, we analyzed the stem wood anatomy of the beech and oak trees. Calculation of stem specific hydraulic conductivity (ks) of beech and oak with the Hagen-Poiseuille equation confirmed the differences in Rx predicted by the model. The contributions of different vessel diameter classes to the total hydraulic conductivity of the xylem were calculated. As expected, the few big vessels contributed much more to total conductivity than the many small vessels. Compared with beech, the larger vessels of oak resulted in a higher ks (10.66 versus 4.90 kg m-1 s-1 MPa-1). The calculated ratio of ks of oak to beech was 2, confirming the Rx ratio obtained by model calibration. Thus, validation of the Rx parameter of the model led to identification of its physiological meaning. © 2007 Heron Publishing. 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CY - Cambridge PY - 2007 ST - The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review TI - The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review ID - 2869 ER - TY - CONF AU - Stern, T. PB - Sebastian Hetsch PY - 2008 SP - 45 ST - Contribution of the Austrian Forest Sector to Climate Change Policies - Industrial Marketing Implications T2 - UNECE/FAO Timber Section, Proceeding of the Work- shop on Harvested Wood Products in the Context of Climate Change Policies TI - Contribution of the Austrian Forest Sector to Climate Change Policies - Industrial Marketing Implications ID - 3493 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Rff AU - Sterner, T. and U.M. Person CY - Washington PY - 2007 SN - RFF Discussion Paper 07-37 ST - An Even Sterner Review, Introducing Relative Prices into the Dis-counting Debate T2 - RFF Discussion Paper TI - An Even Sterner Review, Introducing Relative Prices into the Dis-counting Debate ID - 2870 ER - TY - JOUR AU - STEUDEL, W. AU - BLAESEN, P. PY - 1958 SP - 1-37 ST - Bericht über die in den Jahren 1955 und 1956 durchgeführten Gemeinschaftsuntersuchungen zum Auf- bzw. Ausbau eines Blattlauswarndienstes im Rübenbau T2 - Mitteilungen aus der Biologischen Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft Berlin-Dahlem TI - Bericht über die in den Jahren 1955 und 1956 durchgeführten Gemeinschaftsuntersuchungen zum Auf- bzw. Ausbau eines Blattlauswarndienstes im Rübenbau VL - 92 ID - 2871 ER - TY - RPRT AU - STILES, R. PY - 2010 ST - Ein Leitfaden für die Gestaltung städtischer Freiräume – Joint Strategy Aktivität 3.3 T2 - Der Leitfaden ist Bestandteil des Projektes „UrbSpace“ TI - Ein Leitfaden für die Gestaltung städtischer Freiräume – Joint Strategy Aktivität 3.3 UR - http://www.urbanspaces.eu (abgerufen am 28.02.2013) ID - 2872 ER - TY - RPRT AU - STILES, R. AU - HAGEN, K. AU - TRIMMEL, H. PY - 2010 ST - Wirkungszusammenhänge Freiraum und Mikroklima T2 - Projektbericht im Rahmen des Programms Haus der Zukunft im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie TI - Wirkungszusammenhänge Freiraum und Mikroklima ID - 2873 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stiling, P. AU - Rossi AU - A.M AU - Hungate AU - B AU - Dijkstra AU - P AU - Hinkle AU - C.R AU - W.M, Knott I. I. AU - Drake AU - B LB - stil99 PY - 1999 SP - 244 ST - Decreased leaf-miner abundance in elevated CO2: reduced leaf quality and increase parasitoid attack T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Decreased leaf-miner abundance in elevated CO2: reduced leaf quality and increase parasitoid attack VL - 9 ID - 2874 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stiling, P. AU - Rossi AU - A.M. AU - Hungate AU - B. AU - Dijkstra AU - P. AU - Hinkle AU - C.R. AU - W.M., Knott I.I. AU - Drake LB - stil99 PY - 1999 SP - 244 ST - Decreased leaf-miner abundance in elevated CO2: reduced leaf quality and increase parasitoid attack T2 - Ecological Applications TI - Decreased leaf-miner abundance in elevated CO2: reduced leaf quality and increase parasitoid attack VL - 9 ID - 2875 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Still, J. C. AU - Forster, P. N. AU - Schneider, S. H. LB - stil99b PY - 1999 SP - 608-610 ST - Simulating the effects of climate change on tropical montane cloud forecasts T2 - Nature TI - Simulating the effects of climate change on tropical montane cloud forecasts VL - 39 ID - 2876 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Stingl, R. AU - Zukal, M.L. AU - Teischinger, A. PB - proHolz Austria - Arbeitsgemeinschaft der öst. Holzwirtschaft PY - 2011 SP - 140 ST - Der Holzbauanteil in der Bundeshauptstadt Wien TI - Der Holzbauanteil in der Bundeshauptstadt Wien ID - 3495 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stiny, J. LB - stiny38 N1 - Dokumentation von extremen Hochwasser-Ereignissen großer Flüsse in Österreich. PY - 1938 SP - 10-48 ST - Über Die Regelmäßigkeit der Wiederkehr Von Rutschungen, Bergstürzen und Hochwasserschäden in Österreich T2 - Geologie und Bauwesen TI - Über Die Regelmäßigkeit der Wiederkehr Von Rutschungen, Bergstürzen und Hochwasserschäden in Österreich VL - Heft 2 ID - 2877 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stocker, O. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/BF00623626 IS - 12 J2 - Naturwissenschaften LA - German N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 5 CODEN: NATWA PY - 1947 SN - 00281042 SP - 362-371 ST - Probleme der pflanzlichen Dürreresistenz T2 - Die Naturwissenschaften TI - Probleme der pflanzlichen Dürreresistenz UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0344151948&partnerID=40&md5=ea9e3c908ad77023c06a8462183ea707 VL - 34 ID - 2878 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Tree-ring based reconstructions of 123 debris-flow events in a case-study area of the Swiss Alps since AD 1570 show enhanced activity during the wet periods (1864–1895) following the last LIA glacier advance and in the early decades of the 20th century. In contrast, comparably low activity can be observed since 1995, with only one event recorded. From the reconstructions and based on RCM simulations, there are indications that debris-flow frequencies might continue to decrease in a future climate, as precipitation events are projected to occur less frequently in summer but become more common in spring or fall. AU - Stoffel, Markus AU - Beniston, Martin DO - 10.1029/2006GL026805 IS - 16 KW - 0468 Biogeosciences: Natural hazards 1130 Geochronology: Geomorphological geochronology 1620 Global Change: Climate dynamics 1810 Hydrology: Debris flow and landslides 1816 Hydrology: Estimation and forecasting PY - 2006 SN - 0094-8276 SP - L16404 ST - On the incidence of debris flows from the early Little Ice Age to a future greenhouse climate: A case study from the Swiss Alps T2 - Geophys. Res. Lett. TI - On the incidence of debris flows from the early Little Ice Age to a future greenhouse climate: A case study from the Swiss Alps UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026805 VL - 33 ID - 2879 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stöger, Chr DA - 8.1. LB - stoer N1 - http://www.expeditionzone.com PY - 2001 SP - 1 ST - Klimawandel führt zu Amphibiensterben T2 - Nature TI - Klimawandel führt zu Amphibiensterben ID - 2880 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Stohl, A. AU - Wotawa, G. AU - Seibert, P. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. LB - stohl1995a PY - 1995 SP - 2149-2165 ST - Interpolation errors in wind fields as a function of spatial and temporal resolution and their impact on different types of kinematic trajectories T2 - jam TI - Interpolation errors in wind fields as a function of spatial and temporal resolution and their impact on different types of kinematic trajectories VL - 34 ID - 2881 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wieser, Gerhard A2 - Tausz, Michael AU - Stöhr, Dieter LB - stoehr:07 PB - Springer PY - 2007 SP - 37-56 ST - Soils - heterogenous at the microscale T2 - Trees at their upper limit - Treelife limitation at the Alpine Timberline Plant Ecophysiology TI - Soils - heterogenous at the microscale VL - 5 ID - 2882 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Stoll-Kleemann, S. [Hrsg.] PB - Berlin [u.a.]: Springer PY - 2006 SE - 386 SN - 978-3-540-36916-5 (Print) 978-3-540-36917-2 (Online) ST - Stakeholder dialogues in natural resources management - theory and practice TI - Stakeholder dialogues in natural resources management - theory and practice ID - 3496 ER - TY - GEN A2 - [Hrsg.], Steinicke E. AU - STÖTTER, J. AU - FUCHS, S. AU - KEILER, M. AU - ZISCHG, A. NV - 3 PY - 2003 SP - 239-281 ST - Oberes Suldental. Eine Hochgebirgsregion im Zeichen des Klimawandels T2 - Geographischer Exkursionsführer Europaregion Tirol, Südtirol, Trentino.- Spezialexkursionen in Südtirol Innsbrucker Geographische Studien TI - Oberes Suldental. Eine Hochgebirgsregion im Zeichen des Klimawandels VL - 33 ID - 2883 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Straile, D. LB - stra02 PY - 2002 SP - 391-395 ST - North Atlantic Oscillation synchronizes food-web interactions in central European lakes TI - North Atlantic Oscillation synchronizes food-web interactions in central European lakes VL - 2 ID - 2884 ER - TY - JOUR AU - STRASSER, H. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 171-175 ST - Assessment of scarab infestation in Austria T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Assessment of scarab infestation in Austria VL - 1 ID - 2885 ER - TY - JOUR AU - STRASSER, H. IS - 2 PY - 2004 SP - 236-241 ST - Biocontrol of important soil-dwelling pests by improving the efficacy of insect pathogenic fungi T2 - Laimburg Journal TI - Biocontrol of important soil-dwelling pests by improving the efficacy of insect pathogenic fungi VL - 1 ID - 2886 ER - TY - JOUR AU - STRASSER, H. IS - 5 PY - 2004 SP - 91-94 ST - Scarabaeiden in Österreich: Schadensumfang und biologische Bekämpfung T2 - Nachrichtenblatt des Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienst TI - Scarabaeiden in Österreich: Schadensumfang und biologische Bekämpfung VL - 56 ID - 2887 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Strasser, U. PY - 2008 SP - 184 ST - Die Modellierung der Gebirgsschneedecke im Nationalpark Berchtesgaden. Modelling of the mountain snow cover in the Berchtesgaden National Park T2 - Berchtesgaden National Park Research Report TI - Die Modellierung der Gebirgsschneedecke im Nationalpark Berchtesgaden. Modelling of the mountain snow cover in the Berchtesgaden National Park VL - 55 ID - 2888 ER - TY - RPRT AN - 344 AU - Strauss, F. AU - Formayer, H. AU - Asamer, V. AU - Schmid, E. KW - Austria climate change regional statistical climate change model PB - Institut für nachhaltige Wirtschaftsentwicklung, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien SN - DP-48-2010 ST - Climate change data for Austria and the period 2008-2040 with one day and km² resolution TI - Climate change data for Austria and the period 2008-2040 with one day and km² resolution UR - http://www.boku.ac.at/wpr/wpr_dp/DP-48-2010.pdf ID - 2889 ER - TY - JOUR AN - 489 AU - Strauss, F. AU - Fuss, S. AU - Szolgayová, J. AU - Schmid, E. IS - 2 KW - Adaptation climate change integrated modeling land management Marchfeld SP - 11 ST - Integrated assessment of crop management portfolios in adapting to climate change in the Marchfeld region T2 - Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Agrarökonomie TI - Integrated assessment of crop management portfolios in adapting to climate change in the Marchfeld region UR - http://www.landnutzung.at/dokumente/Oega/Strauss_et_al_%C3%96GA_Jahrbuch09.pdf VL - 19 ID - 2890 ER - TY - CONF AU - Strauss, P. CY - Gumpenstein PY - 2006 SP - 65-68 ST - ÖPUL-Maßnahmen in ihren erosionsvermindernden Auswirkungen.  T2 - Umweltprogramme für die Landwirtschaft und deren Auswirkungen auf die Grundwasserqualität, TI - ÖPUL-Maßnahmen in ihren erosionsvermindernden Auswirkungen.  VL - Tagungsband ID - 3378 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Gabriels, D., and W. Cornelis (eds.) AU - Strauss, P. AU - Swoboda, D. AU - Blum, W.E.H. CY - Ghent, Belgium PY - 2004 SP - 545-550 ST - How effective is mulching and no-tillage to control runoff and soil loss? A literature review T2 - 25 Years of Assessment of Erosion.September 22-26, 2003 TI - How effective is mulching and no-tillage to control runoff and soil loss? A literature review ID - 2891 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Boardman, J., and J. Poesen (eds.) AU - Strauss, P. AU - Klaghofer, E. CY - Chichester PB - John Wiley and Sons Ltd PY - 2006 SP - 205-212 ST - Austria T2 - Soil Erosion in Europe TI - Austria ID - 2892 ER - TY - GEN AU - Straw, Matthew Peter ST - Computation and measurement of wind induced ventilation. Formation of delta-wing vortices over roof with flow skewed to orientation of structure TI - Computation and measurement of wind induced ventilation. Formation of delta-wing vortices over roof with flow skewed to orientation of structure ID - 2893 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Straw, N. A. LB - stra95 PY - 1995 SP - 134-145 ST - Climate change and the impact of green spruce aphid Elatobium abietinum (Walker), in the UK T2 - Scottish Forestry TI - Climate change and the impact of green spruce aphid Elatobium abietinum (Walker), in the UK VL - 49 ID - 2894 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In a series of three articles Calder, Hall and colleagues have recently presented an extension of Calder’s original stochastic model of rainfall interception. In their model, the dependence of rainfall interception on raindrop size is explicitly taken into account. All raindrops are assumed to have the same characteristic size, the so-called median-volume raindrop diameter D0, which is taken to be a power law function of the rain rate R. However, the D0–R relationship used in their model results from an erroneous interpretation of the general theory of the raindrop size distribution recently proposed by Sempere Torres and colleagues. As a result, this relationship is not consistent with the postulated underlying raindrop size distribution. Moreover, it seriously underestimates D0 for a given R as compared to the consistently derived D0–R relationships and to the D0–R relationship reported in a classical article on the subject of raindrop size distributions. This may seriously affect the model results presented by Calder, Hall and colleagues. AU - Stricker, J. N. M. IS - 1-2 KW - Rainfall Interception Raindrop size distribution Scaling N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0022-1694(99)00004-9 PY - 1999 SN - 0022-1694 SP - 157-163 ST - Dependence of rainfall interception on drop size – a comment T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Dependence of rainfall interception on drop size – a comment UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169499000049 VL - 217 ID - 2895 ER - TY - NEWS AU - Strobl, G. DA - 17.5.2011 PY - 2011 ST - Klimaneutral leben auf Wüstensand bei 50 Grad plus T2 - Der Standard TI - Klimaneutral leben auf Wüstensand bei 50 Grad plus UR - http://derstandard.at/1297818245749/Masdar-Klimaneutral-leben-auf-Wuestensand-bei-50-Grad-plus Y2 - 29.5.2011 ID - 2896 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Strömmer, E. LB - stro03 PY - 2003 SP - 325 ST - Klima - Geschichte T2 - Franz Deuticke, Wien TI - Klima - Geschichte ID - 2897 ER - TY - THES AU - STÜLPNAGEL, A.V. KW - Berlin, West Grünfläche Stadtklima Ausgleich PB - Technische Universität Berlin PY - 1987 SP - 173 ST - “Klimatische Veränderungen in Ballungsgebieten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ausgleichswirkung von Grünflächen, dargestellt am Beispiel von Berlin (West.)“ TI - “Klimatische Veränderungen in Ballungsgebieten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ausgleichswirkung von Grünflächen, dargestellt am Beispiel von Berlin (West.)“ VL - Dr. ID - 2898 ER - TY - JOUR AU - STÜRMER, B. AU - SCHMID, E. IS - 01.05.2009 PY - 2007 ST - Wirtschaftlichkeit von Weide und Pappel im Kurzumtrieb unter österreichischen Verhältnissen T2 - Ländlicher Raum TI - Wirtschaftlichkeit von Weide und Pappel im Kurzumtrieb unter österreichischen Verhältnissen UR - http://www.laendlicher-raum.at/filemanager/download/25360/ ID - 2899 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Suda, M. J2 - Die Zeit heilt alle Wunden PY - 2003 SP - 28-29 ST - Die Zeit heilt alle Wunden T2 - LWF aktuell TI - Die Zeit heilt alle Wunden VL - 40 ID - 2900 ER - TY - BOOK AU - SUKOPP, H. AU - WITTIG, R. N1 - 96 Tabellen PB - Stuttgard: Fischer PY - 1993 SE - 402 SN - 3-437-30727-4 ST - Stadtökologie TI - Stadtökologie ID - 2901 ER - TY - BOOK AU - SUKOPP, H. AU - WITTIG, R. PB - Stuttgart: Fischer PY - 1998 ST - Stadtökologie TI - Stadtökologie VL - 2. Aufl. ID - 2902 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SUNDERLAND, K.D. AU - DE SNOO, G.R. AU - DINTER, A. AU - HANCE, T. AU - HELENIUS, J. AU - JEPSON, P. AU - KROMP, B. AU - LYS, J.-A. AU - SAMU, F. AU - SOTHERTON, N.W. AU - TOFT, S. AU - ULBER, B. PY - 1995 SP - 133-162 ST - Density estimation for invertebrate predators in agroecosystems T2 - Acta Jutlandica TI - Density estimation for invertebrate predators in agroecosystems VL - 70 ID - 2903 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sundquist, E. T. DA - February LB - sund1993a PY - 1993 SP - 934-941 ST - The global carbon dioxide budget T2 - Science TI - The global carbon dioxide budget VL - 259 ID - 2904 ER - TY - UNPB AU - SURBÖCK, A. AU - HEINZINGER, M. AU - FRIEDEL, J.K. AU - FREYER, B. N1 - Abschlussbericht in Begutachtung. PY - 2009 ST - Monitoring der Auswirkungen einer Umstellung auf den biologischen Landbau (MUBIL II), Teilprojekt 1: Pflanzenbau und Bodenfruchtbarkeit TI - Monitoring der Auswirkungen einer Umstellung auf den biologischen Landbau (MUBIL II), Teilprojekt 1: Pflanzenbau und Bodenfruchtbarkeit ID - 2905 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sutherst, R. W. LB - suth00 PY - 2000 SP - 211-240 ST - Climate change and invasive species: a conceptual framework T2 - Mooney, H.A and Hobbs, R.J. (eds) Invasive species in a changing world. Island Press, Washington, DC TI - Climate change and invasive species: a conceptual framework ID - 2906 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Suzuki, R. AU - Nomak, T. AU - Yasunari, T. LB - suzu03 PY - 2003 SP - 126-138 ST - West-east contrast of phenology and climate in northern Asia revealed using a remotely sensed vegetation index T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - West-east contrast of phenology and climate in northern Asia revealed using a remotely sensed vegetation index VL - 47 ID - 2907 ER - TY - WEB AU - Svahn, K. M1 - 8.6.2011 PY - 2009 ST - Warmer climate can direct flow of tourists northwards TI - Warmer climate can direct flow of tourists northwards UR - http://www.science.gu.se/english/News/News_detail//warmer-climate-can-direct-flow-of-tourists-northwards.cid886071 ID - 2908 ER - TY - THES AU - Svejda, F. LB - svejda1948 PB - Hochschule f. Bodenkultur, Wien. PY - 1948 ST - Untersuchungen über Den Rückgang Des Weinbaus in Wien und Niederösterreich Seit 1900 TI - Untersuchungen über Den Rückgang Des Weinbaus in Wien und Niederösterreich Seit 1900 ID - 2909 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Swanson, Mark E. AU - Franklin, Jerry F. AU - Beschta, Robert L. AU - Crisafulli, Charles M. AU - DellaSala, Dominick A. AU - Hutto, Richard L. AU - Lindenmayer, David B. AU - Swanson, Frederick J. DA - 2013/03/14 DO - 10.1890/090157 IS - 2 N1 - doi: 10.1890/090157 PY - 2010 SN - 1540-9295 SP - 117-125 ST - The forgotten stage of forest succession: early-successional ecosystems on forest sites T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment TI - The forgotten stage of forest succession: early-successional ecosystems on forest sites UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/090157 VL - 9 ID - 2910 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Swart, R. AU - Biesbroeck, R. AU - Binnerup, S. AU - Carter, T.R. AU - Cowan, C. AU - Henrichs, T. AU - Loquen, S. AU - Mela, H. AU - Morecroft, M. AU - Reese, M. AU - Rey, D. NV - 1 PY - 2009 ST - Europe Adapts to Climate Change: Comparing National Adaptation Strategies T2 - PEER Report TI - Europe Adapts to Climate Change: Comparing National Adaptation Strategies ID - 2911 ER - TY - RPRT AU - AGENCY, SWEDISH ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION CY - Gothenburg, Sweden PY - 2009 SP - 19-21 ST - Air pollution and Climate Change Report from a workshop under the Swedish EU Presidency TI - Air pollution and Climate Change Report from a workshop under the Swedish EU Presidency ID - 2912 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Sweeney, B. W. AU - Jackson, J. K. AU - Newbold, J. D. AU - Funk, D. H. LB - swee01 PY - 2001 SP - 143-177 ST - Climate Change and the Life Histories and Biogeography of Aquatic Insects in Eastern North America T2 - Firth, P. and S., P. Fisher (eds.): Global Climate Change and Freshwater Ecosystems, Springer Verlag TI - Climate Change and the Life Histories and Biogeography of Aquatic Insects in Eastern North America ID - 2913 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SwissRe LB - swissre1999 N1 - Swiss Re New Markets PY - 1999 ST - Insurance-Linked Securities T2 - SwissRe TI - Insurance-Linked Securities ID - 2914 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SwissRe LB - swissre2001 PY - 2001 ST - Capital Market Innovation in the Insurance Industry T2 - Sigma TI - Capital Market Innovation in the Insurance Industry VL - 3 ID - 2915 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SwissRe LB - swissre2003 PY - 2003 ST - Alternativer Risikotransfer - Eine Bestandsaufnahme T2 - Sigma TI - Alternativer Risikotransfer - Eine Bestandsaufnahme VL - 1 ID - 2916 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SwissRe LB - swissre2003a N1 - Quarterly PY - 2003 ST - Insurance-Linked Securities T2 - SwissRe TI - Insurance-Linked Securities VL - February 2003 ID - 2917 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SwissRe LB - swissre1999 N1 - Swiss Re New Markets PY - 1999 ST - Insurance-Linked Securities T2 - SwissRe TI - Insurance-Linked Securities ID - 2918 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SwissRe LB - swissre2001 PY - 2001 ST - Capital Market Innovation in the Insurance Industry T2 - Sigma TI - Capital Market Innovation in the Insurance Industry VL - 3 ID - 2919 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SwissRe LB - swissre2003 PY - 2003 ST - Alternativer Risikotransfer - Eine Bestandsaufnahme T2 - Sigma TI - Alternativer Risikotransfer - Eine Bestandsaufnahme VL - 1 ID - 2920 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SwissRe LB - swissre2003a N1 - Quarterly PY - 2003 ST - Insurance-Linked Securities T2 - SwissRe TI - Insurance-Linked Securities VL - February 2003 ID - 2921 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Swoboda, H. G. CY - Wien J2 - 2. Auflage Tourismus, Landschaft, Umwelt. Ein Leitfaden zur Erhaltung des Erholungs- und Erlebniswertes der touristischen Landschaft PB - Österreichischer Gemeindebund PY - 1995 ST - Tourismus, Landschaft, Umwelt. Ein Leitfaden zur Erhaltung des Erholungs- und Erlebniswertes der touristischen Landschaft TI - Tourismus, Landschaft, Umwelt. Ein Leitfaden zur Erhaltung des Erholungs- und Erlebniswertes der touristischen Landschaft ID - 2922 ER - TY - CONF AU - Szalai, S. AU - Espirito Santo, F. AU - Cabrinha Pires, V. CY - Zurich LB - szalai2002 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Meteoswiss PY - 2002 ST - Drought Investigations T2 - Final Report of Project no.4 in the framework of the climatological projects in the application area of ECSN TI - Drought Investigations ID - 2923 ER - TY - JOUR AU - SZITH, R. IS - 9-10 PY - 2003 SP - 4-6 ST - Mit dem Maiswurzelbohrer leben lernen müssen.! T2 - Der Pflanzenarzt TI - Mit dem Maiswurzelbohrer leben lernen müssen.! VL - 56 ID - 2924 ER - TY - GEN AU - T-MONA CY - Wien PY - 2004 ST - Der Sommer-Urlauber in Österreich TI - Der Sommer-Urlauber in Österreich ID - 2925 ER - TY - WEB A2 - Austria, Tourismus Monitor AU - T-MONA PB - Im Auftrag der Österreich Werbung PY - 2006 ST - Urlaub in Österreich TI - Urlaub in Österreich UR - http://www.austriatourism.com/xxl/_site/int-de/_area/465219/_subArea/479562/_subArea2/481366/index.html ID - 2926 ER - TY - GEN AU - T-MONA PB - Österreich Werbung PY - 2006/2007 ST - Urlaub in Österreich - Winter T2 - Tourismus Monitor Austria TI - Urlaub in Österreich - Winter ID - 2927 ER - TY - GEN AU - T-MONA PB - Österreich Werbung PY - 2008 ST - Urlaub in Österreich - Sommer T2 - Tourismus Monitor Austria TI - Urlaub in Österreich - Sommer ID - 2928 ER - TY - JOUR AU - T., LEWIS PY - 1997 ST - Thrips as Crop Pests, Wallingford, UK TI - Thrips as Crop Pests, Wallingford, UK ID - 2929 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tabony, R. C. LB - tabo1985a PY - 1985 SP - 503-520 ST - Relations between minimum temperature and topography in Great Britain T2 - J. Climatelimatology TI - Relations between minimum temperature and topography in Great Britain VL - 5 ID - 2930 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tait, A. B. AU - Fitzharris, B. B. LB - tait1998 PY - 1998 SP - 407-424 ST - Relationships between New Zealand rainfall and south-west pacific pressure patterns T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - Relationships between New Zealand rainfall and south-west pacific pressure patterns ID - 2931 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Study objectives: To study the association between greenery filled public areas that are nearby a residence and easy to walk in and the longevity of senior citizens in a densely populated, developed megacity. Design: Cohort study. Methods: The authors analysed the five year survival of 3144 people born in 1903, 1908, 1913, or 1918 who consented to a follow up survey from the records of registered Tokyo citizens in relation to baseline residential environment characteristics in 1992. Main results: The survival of 2211 and the death of 897 (98.9% follow up) were confirmed. The probability of five year survival of the senior citizens studied increased in accordance with the space for taking a stroll near the residence (p<0.01), parks and tree lined streets near the residence (p<0.05), and their preference to continue to live in their current community (p<0.01). The principal component analysis from the baseline residential environment characteristics identified two environment related factors: the factor of walkable green streets and spaces near the residence and the factor of a positive attitude to a person's own community. After controlling the effects of the residents' age, sex, marital status, and socioeconomic status, the factor of walkable green streets and spaces near the residence showed significant predictive value for the survival of the urban senior citizens over the following five years (p<0.01). Conclusions: Living in areas with walkable green spaces positively influenced the longevity of urban senior citizens independent of their age, sex, marital status, baseline functional status, and socioeconomic status. Greenery filled public areas that are nearby and easy to walk in should be further emphasised in urban planning for the development and re-development of densely populated areas in a megacity. Close collaboration should be undertaken among the health, construction, civil engineering, planning, and other concerned sectors in the context of the healthy urban policy, so as to promote the health of senior citizens. AD - Health Promotion/International Health, Division of Public Health, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan Takano, T. Hlth. Promotion/International Health, Division of Public Health, Grad. Sch. of Tokyo Med./Dent. Univ., Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan email: takano.hlth@tmd.ac.jp AU - Takano, T. AU - Nakamura, K. AU - Watanabe, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1136/jech.56.12.913 IS - 12 J2 - J. Epidemiol. Community Health KW - elderly population greenspace health status medical geography socioeconomic status aged aging article cohort analysis controlled study environmental factor female follow up health promotion health survey human longevity male principal component analysis socioeconomics survival urban hygiene urban population walking Aged Aged, 80 and over Attitude Cohort Studies Environment Design Female Health Promotion Humans Longevity Male Risk Factors Survival Rate Tokyo Urban Health Walking LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 201 CODEN: JECHD PubMed ID: 12461111 References: Lawrence, R.J., Wanted: Designs for health in the urban environment (1996) World Health Forum, 17, pp. 363-366; (2000) Green Master Plan of Tokyo, , Tokyo: Tokyo Metropolitan Government; Harashina, S., Nakaguchi, T., Consideration on residential environmental indicators systems-introducing accessibility concept (1990) Environment and Information Science, 19, pp. 130-139; Ohnishi, T., Urban renovation and its challenges (1997) Urban Problems, 88, pp. 3-13; Stuck, A.E., Walthert, J.M., Nikolaus, T., Risk factors for functional status decline in community-living elderly people: A systematic literature review (1999) Soc Sci Med, 48, pp. 445-469; Owen, N., Leslie, E., Salmon, J., Environmental determinants of physical activity and sedentary behavior (2000) Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 28, pp. 153-158; Haan, M., Kaplan, G.A., Camacho, T., Poverty and health. 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Tokyo: Gyosei; Teo, P., Space to grown old in: The availability of public spaces for elderly persons in Singapore (1997) Urban Studies, 34, pp. 419-439; Gouveia, N., Fletcher, T., Time series analysis of air pollution and mortality: Effects by cause, age and socioeconomic status (2000) J Epidemiol Community Health, 54, pp. 750-755; (2001) The Environment in Tokyo, , Tokyo: Tokyo Metropolitan Government; Burnett, R., Ma, R., Jerrett, M., The spatial association between community air pollution and mortality: A new method of analyzing correlated geographic cohort data (2001) Environ Health Perspect, 109, pp. 375-380; Ainsworth, B.E., Haskell, W.L., Leon, A.S., Compendium of physical activities: Classification of energy costs of human physical activities (1993) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 25, pp. 71-80; McMurdo, M.E., Physical activity and health in old age (1997) Scott Med J, 42, pp. 154-155; Carlson, J.E., Ostir, G.V., Black, S.A., Disability in older adults. 2: Physical activity as prevention (1999) Behav Med, 24, pp. 157-168; Barton, H., Tsourou, C., (2000) Healthy Urban Planning, , London: Spon Press; (1999) Towards Health Town Initiatives: Case Studies, , Tokyo: Tokyo Metropolitan Public Health Promotion Foundation; Dunn, J.R., Hayes, M.V., Social inequality, population health and housing: A study of two Vancouver neighborhoods (2000) Soc Sci Med, 51, pp. 563-587; Davey Smith, G., Neaton, J.D., Wentworth, D., Socioeconomic differential in mortality risk among men screened for the multiple risk factor intervention trial: I white men (1996) Am J Public Health, 86, pp. 486-496; Wolfson, M., Rowe, G., Gentlemen, J.F., Career earnings and death: A longitudinal analysis of older Canadian men (1993) J Gerontol, 48, pp. S167-S179 PY - 2002 SN - 0143005X SP - 913-918 ST - Urban residential environments and senior citizens' longevity in megacity areas: The importance of walkable green spaces T2 - Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health TI - Urban residential environments and senior citizens' longevity in megacity areas: The importance of walkable green spaces UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036899780&partnerID=40&md5=2546b526660ccd70d4f4d463f394a967 VL - 56 ID - 2932 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The context of a vocational e-learning project is used to explore the relation between dialogicality, intersubjectivity, and interobjectivity. By means of narrative analysis, we show that human mediation is sometimes directed outwards (interobjectivity) and sometimes directed inwards (intersubjectivity). Some interactions are closer to the intersubjectivity polarity because participants focus on a shared understanding of the world, whereas others are oriented to the interobjectivity polarity because subjects direct their efforts to what is shared ‘‘out there in the world.’’ We claim that this positioning between the two polarities influences the type of interaction occurring between the subjects. Whenever subjects engage in dialogical interactions, where the other’s collaboration is sought to redefine a shared understanding of the present state of the activity, the intersubjective polarity is put in place. In contrast, when the other’s position takes on an instrumental function, the interobjectivity polarity is chosen. AU - Talamo, Alessandra AU - Pozzi, Simone DO - 10.1177/1354067X11408131 IS - 3 PY - 2011 SP - 302-318 ST - The tension between dialogicality and interobjectivity in cooperative activities T2 - Culture & Psychology TI - The tension between dialogicality and interobjectivity in cooperative activities UR - http://cap.sagepub.com/content/17/3/302.abstract VL - 17 ID - 3550 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Recent work has suggested that the large earlywood vessels of ring-porous trees can be extraordinarily vulnerable to cavitation making it necessary that these trees maintain a consistent and favorable water status. We compared cavitation resistance, vessel refilling, transport capacity and water status in a study of ring-porous Quercus gambelii Nutt. (oak) and diffuse-porous Acer grandidentatum Nutt. (maple). These species co-dominate summer-dry foothills in the western Rocky Mountains of the USA. Native embolism measurements, dye perfusions and balance pressure exudation patterns indicated that the large earlywood vessels of 2-3-year-old oak stems cavitated extensively on a daily basis as predicted from laboratory vulnerability curves, resulting in a more than 80% reduction in hydraulic conductivity. Maple branches showed virtually no cavitation. Oak vessels refilled on a daily basis, despite negative xylem pressure in the transpiration stream, indicating active pressurization of embolized vessels. Conductivity and whole-tree water use in oak were between about one-half and two-thirds that in maple on a stem-area basis; but were similar or greater on a leaf-area basis. Oak maintained steady and modest negative xylem pressure potentials during the growing season despite little rainfall, indicating isohydric water status and reliance on deep soil water. Maple was markedly anisohydric and developed more negative pressure potentials during drought, suggesting use of shallower soil water. Although ring porosity may have evolved as a mechanism for coping with winter freezing, this study suggests that it also has major consequences for xylem function during the growing season. © 2008 Heron Publishing. AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States Sperry, J. S. Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States email: j.sperry@utah.edu AU - Taneda, H. AU - Sperry, J. S. DB - Scopus IS - 11 J2 - Tree Physiol. KW - Acer grandidentatum Drought stress Granier sensors Hydraulic architecture Quercus gambelii Sap flux Vulnerability curves Xylem embolism water angiosperm cavitation dicotyledon drought stress hydraulic conductivity porosity sap flow transpiration tree ring vulnerability xylem Acer article circadian rhythm evapotranspiration metabolism oak physiology plant leaf plant stem time tree Circadian Rhythm Plant Leaves Plant Stems Plant Transpiration Quercus Time Trees Water LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 30 CODEN: TRPHE PubMed ID: 18765369 Chemicals/CAS: water, 7732-18-5; Water, 7732-18-5 References: Alder, N.N., Pockman, W.T., Sperry, J.S., Nuismer, S., Use of centrifugal force in the study of xylem cavitation (1997) J. Exp. Bot, 48, pp. 665-674; Baas, P. 1986. Ecological patterns of xylem anatomy. In On the Economy of Plant Form and Function. Ed. T.J. Givnish. 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(1999) Plant Physiol, 120, pp. 7-10; Li, Y., Sperry, J.S., Taneda, H., Bush, S.E., Hacke, U.G., Evaluation of centrifugal methods for measuring xylem cavitation in conifers, diffuse- and ring-porous angiosperms (2008) New Phytol, 177, pp. 558-568; Neilson, R.P., Wullstein, L.H., Comparative drought physiology and biogeography of Quercus gambelii and Quercus turbeirella (1985) Am. Mid. Nat, 114, pp. 259-271; Neufeld, H.S., Grantz, D.A., Meinzer, F.C., Goldstein, G., Crisosto, G.M., Crisosto, C., Genotypic variability in vulnerability of leaf xylem to cavitation in water-stressed and well-irrigated sugarcane (1992) Plant Physiol, 100, pp. 1020-1028; Nilsen, E.T., Sharifi, M.R., Rundel, P.W., Jarrell, W.M., Virginia, R.A., Diurnal and seasonal water relations of the desert phreatophyto Prospis glandulasa (Honey Mesquite) in the Sonoran Desert of California (1983) Ecology, 64, pp. 1381-1393; Pataki, D.E., Oren, R., Species differences in stomatal control of water loss at the canopy scale in a mature bottomland deciduous forest (2003) Adv. Water Res, 26, pp. 1267-1278; Philips, S.L., Ehleringer, J.R., Limited uptake of summer precipitation by bigtooth maple (Acer grandidentatum Nutt.) and Gambel's oak (Quercus gambelii Nutt.) 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Ecol, 6, pp. 469-475; Wheeler, E.A., Baas, P., The potentials and limitations of dicotyledonous wood for climatic reconstructions (1993) Paleobiology, 19, pp. 487-498; Wheeler, J.K., Sperry, J.S., Hacke, U.G., Hoang, N., Intervessel pitting and cavitation in woody Rosaceae and other vesselled plants: A basis for a safety vs. efficiency trade-off in xylem transport (2005) Plant Cell Environ, 28, pp. 800-812; Williams, D.G., Ehleringer, J.R., Intra- and interspecific variation for summer precipitation use in pinyon-juniper woodlands (2000) Ecol. Monogr, 70, pp. 517-537; Woodcock, D.W., Occurrence of woods with a gradation in vessel diameter across a ring (1994) IAWA J, 15, pp. 377-385; Zimmermann, M.H., Xylem structure and the ascent of sap (1983) Springer Series in Wood Science, , Ed. T.E. Timell. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 143 p; Zimmermann, M.H., Brown, C.L., (1971) Trees: Structure and function, , Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 336 p; Zwieniecki, M.A., Melcher, P.J., Holbrook, N.M., Hydrogel control of xylem hydraulic resistance in plants (2001) Science, 291, pp. 1059-1062 PY - 2008 SN - 0829318X SP - 1641-1651 ST - A case-study of water transport in co-occurring ring- versus diffuse-porous trees: Contrasts in water-status, conducting capacity, cavitation and vessel refilling T2 - Tree Physiology TI - A case-study of water transport in co-occurring ring- versus diffuse-porous trees: Contrasts in water-status, conducting capacity, cavitation and vessel refilling UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-57649134553&partnerID=40&md5=cf51715b776248aa4ca4d0b9219eecbe VL - 28 ID - 2933 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Taramarcaz, P., Lambelet, C., Clot, B., Keimer, C. AU - Hauser, C PY - 2005 SP - 135, 538-548. ST - Ragweed (Ambrosia) progression and its health risks: will Switzerland resist this invasion? Swiss Medical Weekly. TI - Ragweed (Ambrosia) progression and its health risks: will Switzerland resist this invasion? Swiss Medical Weekly ID - 2934 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Taramarcaz, P. AU - Lambelet, C. AU - Clot, B. AU - Keimer, C. AU - Hauser, C. PY - 2005 SP - 538-548 ST - Ragweed (Ambrosia) progression and its health risks: will Switzerland resist this invasion? T2 - Swiss Medical Weekly TI - Ragweed (Ambrosia) progression and its health risks: will Switzerland resist this invasion? VL - 135 ID - 2935 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Tate, A. CY - London and New York PB - Spon Press ST - Great City Parks TI - Great City Parks ID - 2936 ER - TY - THES AU - Taucher, W. PB - Universität Graz PY - 2010 SP - 156 ST - Climatic conditions of six selected sites in the Hohe and Niedere Tauern Range 1961-2006 TI - Climatic conditions of six selected sites in the Hohe and Niedere Tauern Range 1961-2006 VL - Mag. ID - 2937 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Taylor, K. E., Stouffer, R. J. and Meehl, G. A. PY - 2012 SP - 485–498 ST - Summary of the CMIP5 Experiment Design T2 - Am. Meteorol. Soc. TI - Summary of the CMIP5 Experiment Design VL - 93 ID - 3610 ER - TY - JOUR AU - TEAM, RECLIP:MORE PY - 2006 ST - Project reclip:more - overview: Objectives, tasks and results 2004-2005. In: Klimaforschungsinitiative AustroClim: 9. Österreichischer Klimatag „Klima, Klimawandel und Auswirkungenﾓ, 16. und 17. März 2006, Wien. TI - Project reclip:more - overview: Objectives, tasks and results 2004-2005. In: Klimaforschungsinitiative AustroClim: 9. Österreichischer Klimatag „Klima, Klimawandel und Auswirkungenﾓ, 16. und 17. März 2006, Wien ID - 2938 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Projections of changes in climate extremes are critical to assessing the potential impacts of climate change on human and natural systems. Modeling advances now provide the opportunity of utilizing global general circulation models (GCMs) for projections of extreme temperature and precipitation indicators.We analyze historical and future simulations of ten such indicators as derived from an ensemble of 9 GCMs contributing to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC-AR4), under a range of emissions scenarios. Our focus is on the consensus from the GCM ensemble, in terms of direction and significance of the changes, at the global average and geographical scale. The climate extremes described by the ten indices range from heat-wave frequency to frost-day occurrence, from dry-spell length to heavy rainfall amounts. Historical trends generally agree with previous observational studies, providing a basic sense of reliability for the GCM simulations. Individual model projections for the 21st century across the three scenarios examined are in agreement in showing greater temperature extremes consistent with a warmer climate. For any specific temperature index, minor differences appear in the spatial distribution of the changes across models and across scenarios, while substantial differences appear in the relative magnitude of the trends under different emissions rates. Depictions of a wetter world and greater precipitation intensity emerge unequivocally in the global averages of most of the precipitation indices. However, consensus and significance are less strong when regional patterns are considered. This analysis provides a first overviewof projected changes in climate extremes from the IPCC-AR4 model ensemble, and has significant implications with regard to climate projections for impact assessments. AU - Tebaldi, C. AU - Hayhoe, K. AU - Arblaster, J. M. AU - Meehl, G. A. PY - 2006 SP - 185-211 ST - Going to the extremes: an intercomparaison of model-simulated historical and future changes in extreme events T2 - Climate Change TI - Going to the extremes: an intercomparaison of model-simulated historical and future changes in extreme events VL - 79 ID - 2939 ER - TY - CONF AU - Tebaldi, C. AU - Nychka, D. AU - Mearns, L.O. CY - Seattle, WA PY - 2004 ST - From global mean responses to regional signals of climate change: simple pattern scaling, its limitations (or lack of) and the uncertainty in its results T2 - 18th Conference on Probability and Statistics in the Atmospheric Sciences, AMS Annual Meeting TI - From global mean responses to regional signals of climate change: simple pattern scaling, its limitations (or lack of) and the uncertainty in its results ID - 2940 ER - TY - WEB AU - Metall, Tech M1 - 1.6.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.gruenwand.at/?story=11 ID - 2941 ER - TY - WEB AU - TECHNOLOGIE- UND FÖRDERZENTRUM IM KOMPETENZZENTRUM FÜR NACH-WACHSENDE ROHSTOFFE CY - Straubing M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2007 ST - Anbauhinweise Topinambur TI - Anbauhinweise Topinambur UR - http://www.tfz.bayern.de ID - 2942 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tecklenburg, C. AU - Francke, T. AU - Kormann, C. AU - Bronstert, A. DO - 10.5194/adgeo-32-63-2012 L1 - http://www.adv-geosci.net/32/63/2012/adgeo-32-63-2012.pdf PY - 2012 SN - 1680-7359 SP - 63-68 ST - Modeling of water balance response to an extreme future scenario in the Ötztal catchment, Austria T2 - Adv. Geosci. TI - Modeling of water balance response to an extreme future scenario in the Ötztal catchment, Austria UR - http://www.adv-geosci.net/32/63/2012/ VL - 32 ID - 3611 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tenow, O. AU - Nilssen AU - A.C AU - Holmgren AU - B AU - Elverum AU - F LB - teno99 PY - 1999 SP - 111-122 ST - An insect (Argyresthia retinella, Lep. Yponomeutidae) outbreak in northern birch forests, released by climatic changes? T2 - J. Appl. Ecol. TI - An insect (Argyresthia retinella, Lep. Yponomeutidae) outbreak in northern birch forests, released by climatic changes? VL - 36 ID - 2943 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tenow, O. AU - Nilssen AU - A.C. AU - Holmgren AU - B. AU - Elverum AU - F. LB - teno99 PY - 1999 SP - 111-122 ST - An insect (Argyresthia retinella, Lep. Yponomeutidae) outbreak in northern birch forests, released by climatic changes? T2 - J. Appl. Ecol. TI - An insect (Argyresthia retinella, Lep. Yponomeutidae) outbreak in northern birch forests, released by climatic changes? VL - 36 ID - 2944 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Terhivuo, J. LB - terh88 PY - 1988 SP - 165-175 ST - Phenology of spawning for the Common Frog (Rana temporaria L in Finland from 1846 to 1986 T2 - Annales Zoologici Fennici TI - Phenology of spawning for the Common Frog (Rana temporaria L in Finland from 1846 to 1986 VL - 25 ID - 2945 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Terry, Geraldine CY - Oxford, UK PB - Practical Action Publishing in association with Oxfam GB PY - 2009 ST - Climate Change and Gender Justice TI - Climate Change and Gender Justice UR - http://www.climateaccess.org/sites/default/files/Terry_Climate%20Change%20and%20Gender%20Justice.pdf ID - 3655 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Recent European heatwaves have raised interest in the impact of land cover conditions on temperature extremes. At present, it is believed that such extremes are enhanced by stronger surface heating of the atmosphere, when soil moisture content is below average. However, the impact of land cover on the exchange of water and energy and the interaction of this exchange with the soil water balance during heatwaves is largely unknown. Here we analyse observations from an extensive network of flux towers in Europe that reveal a difference between the temporal responses of forest and grassland ecosystems during heatwaves. We find that initially, surface heating is twice as high over forest than over grassland. Over grass, heating is suppressed by increased evaporation in response to increased solar radiation and temperature. Ultimately, however, this process accelerates soil moisture depletion and induces a critical shift in the regional climate system that leads to increased heating. We propose that this mechanism may explain the extreme temperatures in August 2003. We conclude that the conservative water use of forest contributes to increased temperatures in the short term, but mitigates the impact of the most extreme heat and/or long-lasting events. © 2010 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. AD - Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland Hydrology and Quantitative Water Management Group, Wageningen University, 6709PA Wageningen, Netherlands Climate Science, Climate Analysis, MeteoSwiss, 8044 Zurich, Switzerland Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany Alterra, 6708PB Wageningen, Netherlands Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France KNMI, 3730AE De Bilt, Netherlands Agroscope ART, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, Technical University of Denmark, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione E. Mach, Environment and Natural Resources Area, 38040 Trento, Italy Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium INRA, Grassland Ecosystem Research (UREP), 63100 Clermont-Ferrand, France Forest Services and Agency for the Environment, 39100 Bolzano, Italy Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Bozen-Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Teuling, A. J. Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland email: ryan.teuling@wur.nl AU - Teuling, A. J. AU - Seneviratne, S. I. AU - Stöckli, R. AU - Reichstein, M. AU - Moors, E. AU - Ciais, P. AU - Luyssaert, S. AU - Van Den Hurk, B. AU - Ammann, C. AU - Bernhofer, C. AU - Dellwik, E. AU - Gianelle, D. AU - Gielen, B. AU - Grünwald, T. AU - Klumpp, K. AU - Montagnani, L. AU - Moureaux, C. AU - Sottocornola, M. AU - Wohlfahrt, G. 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Res., 38, p. 1294; Seitza, F., Schmidt, M., Shum, C.K., Signals of extreme weather conditions in Central Europe in GRACE 4-D hydrological mass variations (2008) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 268, pp. 165-170 PY - 2010 SN - 17520894 SP - 722-727 ST - Contrasting response of European forest and grassland energy exchange to heatwaves T2 - Nature Geoscience TI - Contrasting response of European forest and grassland energy exchange to heatwaves UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957556457&partnerID=40&md5=5b13b88a037bcc78b6e31d603b989b1f VL - 3 ID - 2946 ER - TY - GEN AU - R., Thaler ST - Umweltfreundlich Reisen. Herausforderungen und Strategien T2 - PowerPoint-Präsentation TI - Umweltfreundlich Reisen. Herausforderungen und Strategien ID - 2947 ER - TY - CONF AN - 434 AU - Thaler, Sabina AU - Eitzinger, Josef AU - Dubrovsky, Martin AU - Trnka, Miroslav CY - Orlando PY - 2008 ST - Climate change impacts on selected crops in Marchfeld, Eastern Austria T3 - Paper 10.7 TI - Climate change impacts on selected crops in Marchfeld, Eastern Austria ID - 2948 ER - TY - WEB AU - York, The City of New M1 - 30.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.nyc.gov/html/dep/html/stormwater/green_pilot_project_ps118.shtml ID - 2949 ER - TY - WEB AU - Londoner, The M1 - 10.8.2011 PY - 2005 ST - Why does the Tube get so hot? TI - Why does the Tube get so hot? UR - http://web.archive.org/web/20070930184514/http://www.london.gov.uk/londoner/05july/p4b.jsp?nav=news ID - 2950 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thellung, A. LB - thel18 PY - 1918 SP - 36-42 ST - Zur Terminologie der Adventiv- und Ruderalfloristik T2 - Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. TI - Zur Terminologie der Adventiv- und Ruderalfloristik VL - 25 ID - 2951 ER - TY - GEN AN - 837408164 AU - Theodore Thomas, Kozlowski DB - HeBIS-Retro exkl. Leitkarten J2 - Kozlowski, Theodore Thomas: Tree Growth and environmental stresses LA - und PY - 1979 SP - 192 S. ST - Tree Growth and environmental stresses [Signatur: siehe Katalogkarte oben rechts] TI - Tree Growth and environmental stresses [Signatur: siehe Katalogkarte oben rechts] ID - 2952 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Theurillat, Jean-Paul AU - Guisan, Antoine IS - 1 KW - Earth and Environmental Science N1 - 0165-0009 PY - 2001 SP - 77 ST - Potential Impact of Climate Change on Vegetation in the European Alps: A Review T2 - Climatic Change TI - Potential Impact of Climate Change on Vegetation in the European Alps: A Review UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1010632015572 VL - 50 ID - 2953 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Ziegler, Astrid A2 - Frauen, und sozialen Situation von A3 - wirtschaftlichen, W. S. I. FrauenDatenReport Handbuch zur AU - Thiel, Anke CY - Düsseldorf PY - 2005 SP - 385-437 ST - Politik und Gesellschaft T2 - WSI-FrauenDatenReport 2005. Handbuch zur wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Situation von Frauen; TI - Politik und Gesellschaft ID - 3656 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thomas, C. D. AU - Lennon AU - J, J. LB - thom99 PY - 1999 SP - 213 ST - Birds extend their ranges northwards T2 - Nature TI - Birds extend their ranges northwards VL - 39 ID - 2954 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thomas, C. D. AU - Lennon AU - J., J. LB - thom99 PY - 1999 SP - 213 ST - Birds extend their ranges northwards T2 - Nature TI - Birds extend their ranges northwards VL - 39 ID - 2955 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Basel, Institut für Sozial- und Präventivmedizin der Universität A2 - Gesundheit, Abteilung Umwelt und AU - Thommen Dombois, O. AU - Braun-Fahrländer, Ch. CY - Basel, Schweiz PY - 2004 ST - Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung mit Relevanz für die Schweiz T2 - Literaturstudie im Auftrag der Bundesämter für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft (BUWAL) und für Gesundheit (BAG) TI - Gesundheitliche Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung mit Relevanz für die Schweiz ID - 2956 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Despite broad consensus on the power of experiments, correlational studies are still important in ecology, and may become more so as spatial studies proliferate. Conventional correlation analysis, however, (1) fundamentally conflicts with the basic ecological concept of limiting factors, and (2) ignores spatial structure in data, which can produce spuriously high correlations. Especially for field data, bivariate scattergrams often show "factor-ceiling" distributions wherein data points are widely scattered beneath an upper limit, due to the action of other factors. Although most ecological information in such a graph resides in the upper limit, standard correlation/regression does not characterize such limits. If other factors have been measured, path analysis may be useful, but otherwise, direct description of ecological ceilings is desirable. Objective methods for doing so are barely known to ecologists; we review recent proposals for statistical testing and data display. For correcting correlations for spatial patchiness of the variables, another new technique has been proposed by Clifford, Richardson, and Hemon: by reducing the effective sample size to account for the autocorrelation it allows significance tests. We discuss these issues with reference to counts of glacier lily (Erythronium grandiflorum) seedlings, vegetative plants, and flowering plants in a square grid of 256 contiguous 2 × 2 m quadrats in subalpine meadow in western Colorado. We also measured soil moisture, pocket gopher activity, and soil rockiness. All six variables showed significant patchiness (spatial autocorrelation) at similar scales. The abundance of flowering plants was positively correlated with rockiness and negatively correlated with moisture and gopher activity. Although limited seed dispersal suggests that seedlings should be spatially associated with flowering plants, no such correlation existed: indeed, examination of the bivariate scatterplot suggests a negative association, in the particular and restricted sense that seedlings are abundant only in quadrats where flowering is low. We hypothesize that seed germination is higher in less rocky areas of deeper, moister soil than in the rocky areas where most seeds land, but that seedlings seldom reach maturity unless they are in a rocky refuge from predation. Results from path analysis are consistent with this hypothesis. Such an ecological situation should weaken natural selection on characters enhancing seed dispersal. AU - Thomson, J. AU - Weiblen, G. AU - Thomson, B. AU - Alfaro, S. AU - Legendre, P. PY - 1996 SP - 1698-1715 ST - Untangling multiple factors in spatial distributions: lilies, gophers, and rocks T2 - Ecology TI - Untangling multiple factors in spatial distributions: lilies, gophers, and rocks VL - 77 ID - 2957 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thorup, J. LB - thor66 PY - 1966 SP - 59-74 ST - Substrate type and its value as a basis for the delimination of bottom Fauna communities in running waters T2 - Special publications Pittsburg TI - Substrate type and its value as a basis for the delimination of bottom Fauna communities in running waters ID - 2958 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Thürig, E AU - Palosuo, T AU - Bucher, J AU - Kaufmann, E LB - thuerig:05 PY - 2005 SP - 337-350 ST - The impact of windthrow on carbon sequestration in Switzerland: a model-based assessment. T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - The impact of windthrow on carbon sequestration in Switzerland: a model-based assessment VL - 210 ID - 2959 ER - TY - WEB AU - THÜRINGER LANDESANSTALT FÜR LANDWIRTSCHAFT M1 - 13.05.2009 PY - 2008 ST - Anbautelegramm Durchwachsene Silphie TI - Anbautelegramm Durchwachsene Silphie UR - http://www.tll.de/ainfo/pdf/silp0208.pdf ID - 2960 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tikkanen, O. AU - Lyytikäinen, Saaranemaa AU - P LB - tikk02 PY - 2002 SP - 123-133 ST - Adaptation of a generalist moth, Operophtera brumata, to variable budburst phenology of host plants T2 - Ent. Exp. Appl. TI - Adaptation of a generalist moth, Operophtera brumata, to variable budburst phenology of host plants VL - 10 ID - 2961 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tikkanen, O. AU - Lyytikäinen-Saaranemaa AU - P. LB - tikk02 PY - 2002 SP - 123-133 ST - Adaptation of a generalist moth, Operophtera brumata, to variable budburst phenology of host plants T2 - Ent. Exp. Appl. TI - Adaptation of a generalist moth, Operophtera brumata, to variable budburst phenology of host plants VL - 10 ID - 2962 ER - TY - GEN AU - Energiestrategie, Tiroler CY - Innsbruck PB - Amt der Tiroler Landesregierung PY - 2007 ST - Tiroler Energiestrategie 2020 Grundlage für die Tiroler Energiepolitik TI - Tiroler Energiestrategie 2020 Grundlage für die Tiroler Energiepolitik ID - 2963 ER - TY - JOUR AU - TISCHLER, W. PY - 1937 SP - 193-231 ST - Untersuchungen über Wanzen an Getreide T2 - Arbeiten über physiologische und angewandte Entomologie aus Berlin-Dahlem TI - Untersuchungen über Wanzen an Getreide VL - 4 ID - 2964 ER - TY - JOUR AU - TISCHLER, W. PY - 1938 SP - 317-366 ST - Zur Ökologie der wichtigsten in Deutschland an Getreide schädlichen Pentatomiden I T2 - Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere TI - Zur Ökologie der wichtigsten in Deutschland an Getreide schädlichen Pentatomiden I VL - 34 ID - 2965 ER - TY - JOUR AU - TISCHLER, W. PY - 1939 SP - 251-287 ST - Zur Ökologie der wichtigsten in Deutschland an Getreide schädlichen Pentatomiden II T2 - Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere TI - Zur Ökologie der wichtigsten in Deutschland an Getreide schädlichen Pentatomiden II VL - 35 ID - 2966 ER - TY - JOUR AU - TISCHLER, W. PY - 1951 SP - 184-194 ST - Die Überwinterungsverhältnisse der landwirtschaftlichen Schädlinge T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Die Überwinterungsverhältnisse der landwirtschaftlichen Schädlinge VL - 32 ID - 2967 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tobias, W. LB - tobi67 PY - 1967 SP - 55-75 ST - Zur Schlüpfrhytmik von Köcherfliegen (Trichoptera) T2 - Oikos TI - Zur Schlüpfrhytmik von Köcherfliegen (Trichoptera) VL - 18 ID - 2968 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tobias, W. IS - 4 LB - tobi71 PY - 1971 SP - 155-166 ST - Der zeitliche Ablauf des Schlüpfens bei Köcherfliegen (Insecta, Trichoptera) T2 - Natur und Museum TI - Der zeitliche Ablauf des Schlüpfens bei Köcherfliegen (Insecta, Trichoptera) VL - 10 ID - 2969 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Tobin, Graham A. AU - Montz, Burrell E. CY - New York PB - The Guilford Press PY - 1997 ST - Natural Hazards Explanation and Integration TI - Natural Hazards Explanation and Integration ID - 3657 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Tol, R. PB - Economic and Social Research Institute, Vrije University, and Carnegie Mellon University. PY - 2006 ST - The Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change: a Comment. TI - The Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change: a Comment ID - 2970 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tomiczek, C. AU - Cech, T.L. AU - Fürst, A. AU - Hoyer-Tomiczek, U. AU - Krehan, H. et al. PY - 2009 SE - 373 SP - 373-376 ST - Waldschutzsituation 2008 in Österreich T2 - AFZ-Der Wald TI - Waldschutzsituation 2008 in Österreich ID - 2971 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tomiczek, C. AU - Cech, T.L. AU - Fürst, A. AU - Hoyer-Tomiczek, U. AU - Krehan, H. et al. PY - 2011 SE - 3 SP - 3-9 ST - Wald-schutzsituation 2010 in Österreich T2 - Forstschutz aktuell TI - Wald-schutzsituation 2010 in Österreich VL - 52 ID - 2972 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - Tomiczek, C. AU - Schweiger, C. PY - 2012 ST - Gelbe Karte für das Forstschutz-Grundrisiko. Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW) TI - Gelbe Karte für das Forstschutz-Grundrisiko. Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape (BFW) UR - http://bfw.ac.at/db/bfwcms.web?dok=9204 (abgerufen am 14.03.2013) ID - 2973 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Lackner, C A2 - Geburek, T. AU - Tomiczek, C. AU - Steyrer, G. CY - Wien PB - BFW PY - 2011 SP - 20 - 22 ST - Aktuelle Forstschutzprobleme der Lärche T2 - Lärche. BFW Praxisinformation TI - Aktuelle Forstschutzprobleme der Lärche ID - 2974 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Tomiczek, C AU - Cech, T. L. AU - Fürst, A. AU - Hoyer-Tomiczek, U. AU - Krehan, H. AU - Perny, B. AU - Steyrer, G. CY - Wien PB - BFW PY - 2011 SP - 3 - 9 ST - Forstschutz Aktuell. Forstschutzsituation 2010 in Österreich. Sonderheft Nr. 52 T2 - Forstschutz Aktuell. Forstschutzsituation 2010 in Österreich TI - Forstschutz Aktuell. Forstschutzsituation 2010 in Österreich. Sonderheft Nr. 52 VL - 52 ID - 2975 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Tompkins, H. LB - tompkins2002 PY - 2002 SP - 5 ST - Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Is There a Connection? TI - Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events: Is There a Connection? ID - 2976 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Townsend, C. R. AU - Hildrew AU - A.G LB - town94 PY - 1994 SP - 265-275 ST - Species traits in relation to a habitat templet for river systems T2 - Freshwater Biology TI - Species traits in relation to a habitat templet for river systems VL - 31 ID - 2977 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Townsend, C.R. AU - Hildrew AU - A.G. LB - town94 PY - 1994 SP - 265-275 ST - Species traits in relation to a habitat templet for river systems T2 - Freshwater Biology TI - Species traits in relation to a habitat templet for river systems VL - 31 ID - 2978 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Tranquillini, Walter CY - New York LB - tranquillini:79 PB - Springer PY - 1979 ST - Physiological ecology of the alpine timberline - Tree existence at high altitude with special reference to the European Alps T2 - Ecological Studies TI - Physiological ecology of the alpine timberline - Tree existence at high altitude with special reference to the European Alps VL - 31 ID - 2979 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Larvae of Elateridae and Scarabaeidae are known as severe pests in agriculture, horticulture and forestry. The present article gives a short outline on the ecology of wireworms and white grubs and on the type of damage these pests induce. Factors responsible for population dynamics and pest pressure are presented, and the role of natural enemies is discussed. Benefits and drawbacks of mechanical, chemical and biological control measures and preventive methods are discussed as well, and future research lines are presented. AU - TRAUGOTT, M. KW - Elateridae, Scarabaeidae, larvae, pests, natural enemies, pest control LA - deutsch PY - 2003 SP - 7-9 ST - Bodenschädlinge und Bodennützlinge: Wer oder was kontrolliert Engerling und Drahtwurm? T2 - Entomologica Austriaca TI - Bodenschädlinge und Bodennützlinge: Wer oder was kontrolliert Engerling und Drahtwurm? VL - 8 ID - 2980 ER - TY - BOOK AU - TRAUGOTT, M., PÁZMÁNDI, C., SCHALLHART, K AU - JUEN, A. PY - 2006 ST - The diet of wireworms in arable land and its relationship to soil environmental conditions: A stable isotope analysis (FWF-Project P16676) TI - The diet of wireworms in arable land and its relationship to soil environmental conditions: A stable isotope analysis (FWF-Project P16676) UR - http://www.uibk.ac.at/berglandwirtschaft/en/ag_agroecology/projects1.html ID - 2981 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Travis, J. M. J. LB - trav03 PY - 2003 SP - 467-473 ST - Climate change and habitat destruction: a deadly anthropogenic cocktail T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. TI - Climate change and habitat destruction: a deadly anthropogenic cocktail VL - 27 ID - 2982 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Traw, M. B. 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T2 - International Association of Wood Anatomists Journal TI - Biophysical perspectives of xylem evolution: Is there a tradeoff of hydraulic efficiency for vulnerability to dysfunction? VL - 15 ID - 3007 ER - TY - BOOK AB - Pp. : EUR 119.00 AN - 099801876 AU - Tyree, Melvin T. AU - Zimmermann, Martin Huldrych CY - Berlin DB - SWB Online-Katalog ET - 2. ed. KW - Xylem / Stofftransport LA - eng N1 - Rev. ed. of: Zimmermann, Martin H.: Xylem structure and the ascent of sap Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, Bereichsbibliothek Geowissenschaften <21/10> [Signatur: Lehrbuch 57.0] Universität Freiburg, Fakultätsbibliothek Biologie II und III <25/16> [Signatur: Frei 16: PL 30/39a] Universität Freiburg, Institut für Forstbotanik und <25/55> [Signatur: Frei 55] Universität Freiburg, Bibliothek Forstwissenschaften <25/5> [Signatur: Frei 5: FB 200/17] Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek <14> Württembergische Landesbibliothek <24> [Signatur: 52/14374] Universitätsbibliothek Stuttgart <93> [Signatur: 3N 5445(2)] Badische Landesbibliothek <31> [Signatur: 102 A 9913] Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim <100> Hochschule für Forstwirtschaft <955> [Signatur: SB.61 Tyr] PB - Springer PY - 2002 SN - 3-540-43354-6 978-3-642-07768-5 SP - XIV, 283 S. ST - Xylem structure and the ascent of sap T2 - Springer series in wood science TI - Xylem structure and the ascent of sap UR - http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz099801876inh.htm UR - http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz099801876kap.htm UR - http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz099801876cov.htm UR - http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz099801876vlg.htm ID - 3008 ER - TY - JOUR AU - U.B LB - ub02 PY - 2002 SP - 19 ST - Grundlagen für die Planung eines österreichweiten Biodiversitätsmonitoring T2 - Umweltbundesamt, Wien TI - Grundlagen für die Planung eines österreichweiten Biodiversitätsmonitoring ID - 3009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - U.B. 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LB - un00 PY - 2000 SP - 398 ST - Global Environment Outlook 2000 T2 - United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, Kenya TI - Global Environment Outlook 2000 ID - 3012 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Agency, U.S. Environmental Protection PB - Climate Protection Partnership Division PY - 2008 ST - Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies – Cool Roofs TI - Reducing Urban Heat Islands: Compendium of Strategies – Cool Roofs UR - http://www.epa.gov/heatisland/resources/pdf/CoolRoofsCompendium.pdf Y2 - 8.6.2011 ID - 3013 ER - TY - JOUR AU - UBA PY - 2005 ST - Klimawandel in Deutschland. Vulnerabilität und Anpassunkstrategien klimarelevanter Systeme T2 - Climate Change TI - Klimawandel in Deutschland. Vulnerabilität und Anpassunkstrategien klimarelevanter Systeme VL - 8 ID - 3014 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - GmbH, Umweltbundesamt AU - UBA CY - Wien PY - 2009 ST - AUSTRIA’S NATIONAL INVENTORY REPORT 2008 TI - AUSTRIA’S NATIONAL INVENTORY REPORT 2008 ID - 3015 ER - TY - GEN AU - UBA CY - Wien PB - Umweltbundesamt GmbH PY - 2009 ST - Erreichbarkeiten alpiner Tourismusstandorte mit dem öffentlichen Verkehr T2 - Nationale Studie Österreich TI - Erreichbarkeiten alpiner Tourismusstandorte mit dem öffentlichen Verkehr ID - 3016 ER - TY - GEN AU - UBA CY - Wien PB - Umweltbundesamt PY - 2009 ST - Klimaschutzbericht 2008 TI - Klimaschutzbericht 2008 ID - 3017 ER - TY - RPRT AU - UBA (Umweltbundesamt, Hrsg.) CY - Wien PB - Umweltbundesamt PY - 2010 ST - Klimaschutzbericht 2010 T2 - Reports, Bd. REP-0267 TI - Klimaschutzbericht 2010 ID - 3018 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (UKCIP), UK Climate Impacts Programme PY - 2004 ST - Costing the impacts of climate change in the UK, T2 - Implementation Report TI - Costing the impacts of climate change in the UK, ID - 3019 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper aims at reviewing the ecological effects of windthrow and the processes by which the structure and composition of the boreal forest are affected. The windthrow problem has been investigated at different levels: Landscape; forest community; and fallen tree ecosystem. All original data are from the natural, protected, uneven-aged boreal spruce forests of the central Russian Plain. Mapping of vegetation was used to detect windthrow processes in primary forest communities. The scales of windthrow gaps in space and time determine the patch structure of the forest ecosystems. The main result of this phenomenon is the occurrence of gap-phase dynamics in forest communities. The development of gaps is very important for the survival of small- and broad-leaved trees in boreal coniferous forests. In the case study of the scales of natural windthrow disturbances it was found that in uneven-aged spruce forests, 7-12% of the surface was covered by pit-and-mound topography. After widespread windthrow, this figure rised to 15-25%. In this context, a procedure for dating windthrow topography was developed, along with methods of diagnosing uprooting disturbances of the soil. Much attention was also paid to the structure and properties of soil where uprooting had occurred. It was found that the microsites which are found in pit-and-mound topography differ pedogenically. Furthermore, the nature and rate of recovery of the background soil profile after uprooting varied a lot, i.e. under the influence of shallow uprooting, the reconstruction of the background soil combination and processes was completed in 100-200 years. Where as in cases of major uprootings, it took more than a 200-300 year cycle. The role of tree uprooting in maintaining stable tree and grass population structures in forest communities was found very important. The spatial distribution of trees was associated with pit-and-mound topography in all types of forests. Furthermore, spruce regenerated better on mounds and fallen trees than on undisturbed surfaces. Multi-aged tree regrowth was therefore being constantly formed in virgin forests. There was also increase in the community floristic richness due to the establishment of certain pioneer species from other communities in microsites disturbed by uprooting. The gene pool of a population was rejuvenated as the plants appeared in these microsites from seeds and spores, while propagation in undisturbed areas was predominantly vegetative. As a result, the structure of forest plant populations was found to be in a stable multi-aged state. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. 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Cambridge University Press, CambridgeUR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034666667&partnerID=40&md5=71120123794ee6dce97e57bc4943eaf2 PY - 2000 SN - 03781127 SP - 155-167 ST - The effects of windthrow on forests at different spatial scales: A review T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - The effects of windthrow on forests at different spatial scales: A review VL - 135 ID - 3456 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Based on the availability of hemispheric gridded data sets from observations, analysis and global climate models, objective cyclone identification methods were developed and applied to these data sets. Due to the large amount of investigation methods combined with the variety of different datasets, a multitude of results exist, not only for the recent climate period but also for the next century, assuming anthropogenic changed conditions. Different thresholds, different physical quantities, and considerations of different atmospheric vertical levels add to a picture that is difficult to combine into a common view of cyclones, their variability and trends, in the real world and in GCM studies. Thus, this paper will give a comprehensive review of the actual knowledge on climatologies of mid-latitude cyclones for the Northern and Southern Hemisphere for the present climate and for its possible changes under anthropogenic climate conditions. © The Author(s) 2009. AD - Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Meteorology, Carl-Heinrich-Becker-Weg 6-10, 12165 Berlin, Germany Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 13, 12165 Köln, Germany Ulbrich, U. Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Meteorology, Carl-Heinrich-Becker-Weg 6-10, 12165 Berlin, Germany email: ulbrich@met.fu-berlin.de AU - Ulbrich, U. AU - Leckebusch, G. C. AU - Pinto, J. G. 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PY - 1987 SP - 119-127 ST - Landscape ecology: A hierarchical perspec-tive can help scientists understand spatial patterns T2 - BioScience TI - Landscape ecology: A hierarchical perspec-tive can help scientists understand spatial patterns VL - 37 ID - 3038 ER - TY - WEB AU - URBAN-NET M1 - 8.6.2011 PY - 2010 ST - Research Anthology 2010 TI - Research Anthology 2010 UR - http://www.urban-net.org/dsresource?objectid=173135&type=org ID - 3039 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The most severe damage to forests in Central Europe occurs during winter storms caused by Northern Hemispheric mid-latitude cyclones. Storm events in the winter semesters of the past 150 years were investigated to quantify changes and evaluate whether damage rates, forest properties and climate had changed. Records of damage extent (wind throw/snap/breakage), forest area and growing stock in Switzerland were comparatively analysed. Storm damage (m3) was 17 times greater during the period 1958-2007 than during the period 1908-1957 and 22 times greater than in the period 1858-1907. Forest area in Switzerland has increased by 63% and growing stock by 292% over the past 150 years. The significant recent increase in storm damage could only partially be explained by increased growing stock. Weather reports prior to storms indicated that severe storm damage occurred almost always when soils were unfrozen (96%) and wet (96%). During the observation period mean winter temperature has increased by nearly 2 °C and winter precipitation has increased by nearly 50% in the study region. In the Zurich region, daily maximum gust wind speed and storm damage were compared. Maximum gust wind speed above 35 m s-1 was associated with extensive storm damage. Catastrophic storm damage and maximum gust wind speed measured during storms have increased during recent decades. In conclusion, increasing growing stock, warm winter temperature and high precipitation, and even more markedly, increasing maximum gust wind speed have all contributed to the recent increase in windstorm damage to forests. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zurcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, CP 96, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland University of Berne, Institute of History, Erlachstrasse 9a, 3012 Bern, Switzerland Dobbertin, M. WSL Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zurcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland email: matthias.dobbertin@wsl.ch AU - Usbeck, T. AU - Wohlgemuth, T. AU - Dobbertin, M. AU - Pfister, C. AU - Bürgi, A. AU - Rebetez, M. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.08.010 IS - 1 J2 - Agric. For. Meterol. 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Records of damage extent (wind throw/snap/breakage), forest area and growing stock in Switzerland were comparatively analysed. Storm damage (m3) was 17 times greater during the period 1958–2007 than during the period 1908–1957 and 22 times greater than in the period 1858–1907. Forest area in Switzerland has increased by 63% and growing stock by 292% over the past 150 years. The significant recent increase in storm damage could only partially be explained by increased growing stock. Weather reports prior to storms indicated that severe storm damage occurred almost always when soils were unfrozen (96%) and wet (96%). During the observation period mean winter temperature has increased by nearly 2 °C and winter precipitation has increased by nearly 50% in the study region. In the Zurich region, daily maximum gust wind speed and storm damage were compared. Maximum gust wind speed above 35 m s−1 was associated with extensive storm damage. Catastrophic storm damage and maximum gust wind speed measured during storms have increased during recent decades. In conclusion, increasing growing stock, warm winter temperature and high precipitation, and even more markedly, increasing maximum gust wind speed have all contributed to the recent increase in windstorm damage to forests. AU - Usbeck, Tilo AU - Wohlgemuth, Thomas AU - Dobbertin, Matthias AU - Pfister, Christian AU - Bürgi, Anton AU - Rebetez, Martine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.08.010 IS - 1 KW - Gusts Maximum wind speed Extreme wind speeds Wind damage Wind throw PY - 2010 SN - 0168-1923 SP - 47-55 ST - Increasing storm damage to forests in Switzerland from 1858 to 2007 T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Increasing storm damage to forests in Switzerland from 1858 to 2007 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168192309001981 VL - 150 ID - 3040 ER - TY - JOUR AU - V., Jehlík PY - 1995 SP - 31(2):149-160 ST - Occurrence of alien expansive plant species at railway junctions of the Czech Republic. Ochrana Rostlin. TI - Occurrence of alien expansive plant species at railway junctions of the Czech Republic. Ochrana Rostlin ID - 3041 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The development and application of a spatial decision support system (SDSS) for silvicultural planning in forests managed for sustained yield of water resources is presented. The implementation of core components of the SDSS is described. As an example, the development of a decision model for selecting the best silvicultural treatment option for stands scheduled for natural regeneration is discussed. The decision problem is factorized into decisions on the future species mixture (GSO) and on an appropriate regeneration method (RM). A priori defined sets of alternatives (nine species mixtures, seven regeneration methods) are evaluated with respect to a set of stand-specific partial management objectives (water production, timber production, conservation of biodiversity, recreation, protection against rockfall and avalanches) by further decomposing the partial objectives into decision criteria. To circumvent the lack of quantitative knowledge on the value of different species mixtures and regeneration methods with respect to the management objectives, pair-wise comparisons of decision alternatives based on qualitative expert knowledge are utilized to compute preference values. An additive multiple-attribute preference model is used to aggregate the preferences at different levels of the decision hierarchy. The combination of GSO and RM which simultaneously maximizes the expected utility and satisfies all constraints of the forest decision maker is selected as the overall best solution. AU - Vacik, H. AU - Lexer, M. J. IS - 1/3 PY - 2001 SP - 65-76 ST - Application of a spatial decision support system in managing the protection forests of Vienna for sustained yield of water resources T2 - Forest ecology and management TI - Application of a spatial decision support system in managing the protection forests of Vienna for sustained yield of water resources UR - http://europepmc.org/abstract/AGR/IND22904885 VL - 143 ID - 3042 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Vademecum M1 - 13.07.2011 PB - http://ec.europa.eu/echo/civil_protection/civil/vademecum/at/2-at-1.html PY - 2010 ST - Austria Disaster Management Structure TI - Austria Disaster Management Structure ID - 3043 ER - TY - THES AU - van Dam, A. CY - Wageningen PB - Wageningen University SP - 171 ST - Understanding the reduction of nitrogen leaching by catch crops TI - Understanding the reduction of nitrogen leaching by catch crops ID - 3379 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Van Den Dool, H. M. IS - 3 N1 - 1600-0870 PY - 1994 SP - 314 ST - Searching for analogues, how long must we wait? T2 - Tellus A TI - Searching for analogues, how long must we wait? UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0870.1994.t01-2-00006.x VL - 46 ID - 3044 ER - TY - JOUR AU - VAN DER PLANK, J. E. PY - 1944 SP - 589-590 ST - Production of seed potatoes in a hot dry climate T2 - Nature TI - Production of seed potatoes in a hot dry climate VL - 153 ID - 3045 ER - TY - CONF AU - VAN ELSEN, T. AU - IMMEL, K. CY - Freising PY - 2001 SP - 353-356 ST - Nutzung und Gestaltung von Hecken und Wildfruchtgehölzen im Ökologischen Landbau. Beitrag 6. T2 - Wissenschafts-Tagung zum Ökologischen Landbau TI - Nutzung und Gestaltung von Hecken und Wildfruchtgehölzen im Ökologischen Landbau. Beitrag 6. ID - 3046 ER - TY - JOUR AU - VAN EMDEN, H. F., HUGHES, R. D., EASTOP, V. F. AU - WAY, M. J. PY - 1969 SP - 197-270 ST - The ecology of Myzus persicae T2 - Annual Review of Entomology TI - The ecology of Myzus persicae VL - 14 ID - 3047 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Dissolved organic matter (DOM), typically quantified as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), has been hypothesized to play many roles in pedogenesis and soil biogeochemical cycles, however, most research to date concerning forest soils has focussed on the high molecular weight (HMW) components of this DOM. This review aims to assess the role of low molecular weight (LMW) DOM compounds in the C dynamics of temperate and boreal forest soils focussing in particular on organic acids, amino acids and sugars. The current knowledge of concentrations, mineralization kinetics and production rates and sources in soil are summarised. We conclude that although these LMW compounds are typically maintained at very low concentrations in the soil solution (<50 μM), the flux through this pool is extremely rapid (mean residence time 1-10 h) due to continued microbial removal. Due to this rapid flux through the soil solution pool and mineralization to CO 2, we calculate that the turnover of these LMW compounds may contribute substantially to the total CO 2 efflux from the soil. Moreover, the production rates of these soluble transitory compounds could exceed HMW DOM production. The possible impact of climate change on the behaviour of LMW compounds in soil is also discussed. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - Man-Technol.-Environ. Res. Centre, Department of Natural Sciences, Orebro Univ., SE 701 82 Orebro, S., Sweden Sch. of Agric. and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK, United Kingdom Dept. of Forest Mycol. and Pathology, Swed. Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7026, SE 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden, Sweden Dept. of Environ. and Nat. Sciences, Mid Sweden University, SE 851 70 Sundsvall, Sweden, Sweden Man-Technol.-Environ. Res. Centre, Department of Natural Sciences, Orebro Univ., SE 701 82 Orebro, S.Sweden email: patrick.vanhees@nat.oru.se AU - Van Hees, P. A. W. AU - Jones, D. L. AU - Finlay, R. AU - Godbold, D. L. AU - Lundström, U. S. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.06.010 IS - 1 J2 - Soil Biol. Biochem. 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C. J. AU - Mollema, C. AU - Steenhuis Broers, G. M. PY - 1995 SP - 285-297 ST - Comparative life history studies of Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci on Cucumber T2 - Bull. Entom. Res. TI - Comparative life history studies of Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci on Cucumber VL - 85(2) ID - 3050 ER - TY - JOUR AU - VAN RIJN, P.C.J., MOLLEMA C., STEENHUIS BROERS G.M. PY - 1995 ST - Comparative life history studies of Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci on Cucumber. Bull. Entom. Res. 85(2), 285-297. TI - Comparative life history studies of Frankliniella occidentalis and Thrips tabaci on Cucumber. Bull. Entom. Res. 85(2), 285-297 ID - 3051 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Van Schoubroeck, C. IS - 8 LB - vanschoubroeck1997 PY - 1997 SP - 238-267 ST - Legislation and Practice Concerning Natural Disasters and Insurance in a Number of European Countries T2 - The Geneva Papers on Risk and Insurance TI - Legislation and Practice Concerning Natural Disasters and Insurance in a Number of European Countries VL - 22 ID - 3052 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Van, Vliet AU - H, A. J. AU - Overeem, A. AU - Groot, R. S. De AU - Jacobs, A. F. G. AU - Spieksma, F. T. M. LB - van02 PY - 2002 SP - 1767 ST - The influence of temperature and climate change on the timing of pollen reslease in the Netherlands T2 - Int. J. Climatol. TI - The influence of temperature and climate change on the timing of pollen reslease in the Netherlands VL - 22 ID - 3053 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We observed the daily trend in mortality rates during the 2003 heat wave in 13 of France’s largest cities. Mortality data were collected from July 25 to September 15 each year from 1999 through 2003. The conjunction of a maximum temperature of 35°C and a minimum temperature of 20°C was exceptional in 7 cities. An excess mortality rate was observed in the 13 towns, with disparities from +4% (Lille) to +142% (Paris). AU - Vandentorren, S. AU - Florence, S. AU - Medina, S. AU - Pascal, M. AU - Maulpoix, A. AU - Cohen, J.C. AU - Ledrans, M. IS - 9 PY - 2004 SP - 1518-1520 ST - Mortality in 13 French cities During the August 2003 Heat Wave T2 - American Journal of Public Health TI - Mortality in 13 French cities During the August 2003 Heat Wave VL - 94 ID - 3054 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vandentorren, S. AU - Suzan, F. AU - Medina, S. AU - Pascal, M. AU - Maulpoix, A. AU - Cohen, J.C. AU - Ledrans, M. IS - 9 PY - 2004 SP - 1518-20 ST - Mortality in 13 French cities during the August 2003 heat wave T2 - Am J Public Health TI - Mortality in 13 French cities during the August 2003 heat wave VL - 94 ID - 3055 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vannote, R. L. AU - Minshall, G. W. AU - Cummins, K. W. AU - Sedell, J. R. AU - Cushing, C. E. LB - vann80 PY - 1980 SP - 130-137 ST - The River Continuum Concept T2 - Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. TI - The River Continuum Concept VL - 37 ID - 3056 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Varian, H. ET - Fourth LB - varian1995 PB - W.W. Norton & Company New York London PY - 1995 ST - Intermediate Microeconomics A Modern Approach TI - Intermediate Microeconomics A Modern Approach ID - 3057 ER - TY - GEN AU - VDI CY - Berlin PB - Beuth Verlag PY - 1985 ST - VDI 2058, Blatt 1, Beurteilung von Arbeitslärm in der Nachbarschaft TI - VDI 2058, Blatt 1, Beurteilung von Arbeitslärm in der Nachbarschaft ID - 3058 ER - TY - GEN AU - VDI CY - Berlin PB - Beuth Verlag PY - 1993 ST - VDI 3883 Blatt 2, Wirkung und Bewertung von Gerüchen. Ermittlung von Belästigungsparametern durch Befragungen: Wiederholte Kurzbefragung von ortsansässigen Probanden TI - VDI 3883 Blatt 2, Wirkung und Bewertung von Gerüchen. Ermittlung von Belästigungsparametern durch Befragungen: Wiederholte Kurzbefragung von ortsansässigen Probanden ID - 3059 ER - TY - GEN AU - VDI CY - Berlin M1 - VDI-Richtlinie 3787 Blatt 2 PB - Beuth-Verlag PY - 1998 ST - Methoden zur human-biometeorologischen Bewertung von Klima und Lufthygiene für die Stadt- und Regionalplanung TI - Methoden zur human-biometeorologischen Bewertung von Klima und Lufthygiene für die Stadt- und Regionalplanung VL - Teil I: Klima. ID - 3060 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - VDLUFA-Verlag AU - (Hrsg.), VDLUFA CY - Bonn PY - 2004 ST - Standpunkt Humusbilanzierung. Methode zur Beurteilung und Bemessung der Humusversorgung von Ackerland TI - Standpunkt Humusbilanzierung. Methode zur Beurteilung und Bemessung der Humusversorgung von Ackerland ID - 3061 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Veit AU - et al. LB - veit97 PY - 1997 SP - 23-28 ST - Apex marine predator declines 90 % in association with changing oceanic climate T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Apex marine predator declines 90 % in association with changing oceanic climate VL - 3 ID - 3062 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Crop residues incorporated in soil are a potentially important source of nitrous oxide (N2O), though poorly quantified. Here, we report on the N2O emission from 10 crop residues added to a sandy and a clay soil, both with and without additional nitrate (NO3). In the sandy soil, total N2O emission from wheat, maize, and barley residues was not significantly different from the control. The total N2O emission from white cabbage, Brussels sprouts, mustard, sugar beet residues and broccoli ranged from 0.13 to 14.6 % of the amount of N added as residue and were higher with additional NO3 than without additional NO3. In the clay soil, similar effects of crop residues were found, but the magnitude of the N2O emission was much smaller than that in the sandy soil: less than 1 % of the residue N evolved as N2O. The C-to-N ratio of the residue accounted for only 22-34% and the mineralizable N content of the residue for 18-74% of the variance in N2O emission. We suggest that the current IPCC methodology for estimating N2O emission from crop residues may be considerably improved by defining crop specific emission factors instead of one emission factor for all crop residues. AD - Alterra, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands Velthof, G.L. Alterra, Wageningen Univ. and Research Centre, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, Netherlands email: g.l.velthof@alterra.wag-ur.nl AU - Velthof, G. L. AU - Kuikman, P. J. AU - Oenema, O. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1023/A:1021259107244 IS - 3 J2 - Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. KW - Crop residue Emission factor Laboratory study Mineralisation Nitrous oxide Soil agricultural soil crop residue mineralization nitrous oxide soil emission Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Brassica Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Brassica oleracea var. capitata Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare Triticum aestivum Zea mays LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):64 CODEN: FRESD References: Aulakh, M.S., Doran, J.W., Mosier, A.R., Soil denitrification-significance, measurement, and effects of management (1992) Adv. Soil. Sci., 18, pp. 1-57; Baggs, E.M., Rees, R.M., Smith, K.A., Vinten, A.J.A., Nitrous oxide emission from soils after incorporating crop residues (2000) Soil Use Manage., 16, pp. 82-87; Ball, B.C., Parker, J.P., Scott, A., Soil and residue management effects on cropping conditions and nitrous oxide fluxes under controlled traffic in Scotland. 2. Nitrous oxide, soil N status and weather (1999) Soil Till Res., 52, pp. 191-201; Beauchamp, E.G., Trevors, J.T., Paul, J.W., Carbon sources for bacterial denitrification (1989) Adv. Soil Sci., 10, pp. 113-142; Bremner, J.M., Blackmer, A.M., Terrestrial nitrification as a source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (1981) Denitrification, Nitrification and Atmospheric N2O, pp. 151-170. , Delwiche C.C. (ed.). John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester; Burton, D.L., Beauchamp, E.G., Profile nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide concentrations in a soil subject to freezing (1994) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 58, pp. 115-122; Christensen, S., Christensen, B.T., Organic matter available for denitrification in different soil fractions: Effect of freeze/thaw cycles and straw disposal (1991) J. Soil Sci., 42, pp. 637-647; DeCatanzaro, J.B., Beauchamp, E.G., The effect of some carbon substrates on denitrification rates and carbon utilization in soil (1985) Biol Fert. Soils, 1, pp. 183-187; Flessa, H., Beese, F., Effects of sugarbeet residues on soil redox potential and nitrous oxide emission (1995) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 59, pp. 1044-1051; Flessa, H., Dörsch, P., Beese, F., Seasonal variation of N2O and CH4 fluxes in differently managed arable soils in southern Germany (1995) J. Geophys. Res., 100, pp. 23115-23124; Focht, D.D., Methods for analysis of denitrification in soils (1978) Nitrogen in the Environment, 2, pp. 433-490. , Nielsen D.R. and MacDonald J.G. (eds). Academic Press, New York; (1993) Genstat 5 Release 3 Reference Manual, , Oxford University Press, Oxford, 796 p; Goodroad, L.L., Keeney, D.R., Peterson, L.A., Nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils in Wisconsin (1984) J. Environ. Qual., 13, pp. 557-561; Henriksen, T.M., Breland, T.A., Evaluation of criteria for describing crop residue degradability in a model of carbon and nitrogen turnover in soil (1999) Soil Biol. Biochem., 31, pp. 1135-1149; Houba, V.J.G., Van der Lee, J.J., Novomzamsky, I., (1997) Soil Analysis Procedures; Other Procedures (Soil and Plant Analysis, Part 5B), , Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, 217 p; Kaiser, E.A., Kohrs, K., Kücke, M., Schnug, E., Heinemeyer, O., Munch, J.C., Nitrous oxide release from arable soil: Importance of N-fertilization, crops and temporal variation (1998) Soil Biol. Biochem., 30, pp. 1553-1563; Larsson, L., Ferm, M., Kasimir-Klemedtsson, A., Klemedtsson, L., Ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions from grass and alfalfa mulches (1998) Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 51, pp. 41-46; McKenney, D.J., Wang, S.W., Drury, C.F., Findlay, W.I., Denitrification and mineralization in soil amended with legume, grass, and corn residues (1993) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 57, pp. 1013-1020; Mosier, A., Kroeze, C., Nevison, C., Oenema, O., Seitzinger, S., Van Cleemput, O., Closing the global N2O budget: Nitrous oxide emissions through the agricultural nitrogen cycle (1998) Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 52, pp. 225-248; Paul, J.W., Beauchamp, E.G., Denitrification and fermentation in plant-residue-amended soil (1989) Biol. Fert. Soils, 7, pp. 303-309; Röver, M., Heinemeyer, O., Kaiser, E.A., Microbial induced nitrous oxide emissions from an arable soil during winter (1998) Soil Biol Biochem., 30, pp. 1859-1865; Smith, K.A., McTaggart, I.P., Dobbie, K.E., Conen, F., Emissions of N2O from Scottish agricultural soils, as a function of fertilizer N (1998) Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 52, pp. 123-130; Van Cleemput, O., Malkanti, R.M., D'Ydewalle, Y., Baert, L., Denitrification influenced by incorporated harvest residues (1990) Mitteilungen der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 60, pp. 177-182; Velthof, G.L., Oenema, O., Nitrous oxide fluxes from grassland in the Netherlands: I. Statistical analysis of flux chamber measurements (1995) Eur. J. Soil Sci., 46, pp. 533-540; Weier, K.L., Doran, J.W., Power, J.F., Waters, D.T., Denitrification and the dinitrogen/nitrous oxide ratio as affected by soil water, available carbon and nitrate (1993) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 57, pp. 66-72; Yamulki, S., Jarvis, S.C., Automated chamber technique for gaseous flux measurements: Evaluation of a photoacoustic infrared spectrometer-trace gas analyzer (1999) J. Geophys. Res., 14, pp. 5463-5469 PY - 2002 SN - 13851314 SP - 249-261 ST - Nitrous oxide emission from soils amended with crop residues T2 - Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems TI - Nitrous oxide emission from soils amended with crop residues UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036918504&partnerID=40&md5=f8ff8a70bbdba843192b65d9a784f971 VL - 62 ID - 3380 ER - TY - GEN AU - Verloo, Mieke. AU - Roggeband, Connie. PB - International Association for Impact Assessment 1996 PY - 1996 ST - Gender impact assessment: In: Impact Assessment V.14 Nr 1/1996 TI - Gender impact assessment: In: Impact Assessment V.14 Nr 1/1996 ID - 3662 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Vermunt, J. K. AU - Magidson, J. CY - Belmont, MA J2 - Latent GOLD Choice User’s Guide Statistical Innovations PY - 2003 ST - Latent GOLD Choice User’s Guide Statistical Innovations TI - Latent GOLD Choice User’s Guide Statistical Innovations ID - 3063 ER - TY - GEN AU - Versicherungsverband, Schweizer LB - schweizervv2003 PB - http://www.svv.ch PY - 2003 ID - 3064 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Vidal, A. AU - Comeau, A. AU - Plusquellec, H. AU - Gadelle, F. CY - Rome PB - IPTRID/FAO PY - 2001 ST - Case studies on water conservation in the Mediterranean region TI - Case studies on water conservation in the Mediterranean region ID - 3065 ER - TY - CONF A2 - Christensen, Jens Hesselbjerg AB - The Climate High Resolution Model (CHRM) in use at IAC-ETH for Regional Climate Modeling (RCM) studies (MERCURE, NCCR, PRUDENCE projects) has undergone several important changes in the last year, meant to allow it to complete multi-year simulations while retaining sustainable water and energy cycles. This represents a departure from the weather version of the model, which is not addressing these conservation aspects and relies on continuous re-initialization through soil data (temperature and soil moisture) assimilation in order to guarantee forecast quality. The principal physical parameterization improvements have come in the area of soil water vertical transfer, which is now occurring at normal rates, permitting normal winter re-charge of the root zone and correcting a summer ET bias of 40 W/m2 (monthly mean) over most of central and southern Europe. The other important changes have been introduced in the area of cloud-radiation interactions, permitting to correct a surface (short wave) negative bias of 40 W/m2 (monthly mean) at the peak of summer. Surface temperatures, which were kept artificially high in the weather version through artificial soil water depletion (resulting however in severe summer warm biases over certain regions) have initially suffered (with the creation of a 2 K negative bias) from the more accurate summer ET rates, but have been improved after the corrections in radiation, due to a better representation of the surface energy balance. AU - Vidale, P.L. AU - Lüthi, D. AU - Frei, C. AU - Seneviratne, S. AU - Schär, C. CY - Snekkersten, Denmark PB - Danish Meteorological Institute PY - 2001 SN - 87-7478-449-8 SP - 38 ST - Physical processes affecting the seasonal and inter-annual variations of the European water cycle T2 - PRUDENCE TI - Physical processes affecting the seasonal and inter-annual variations of the European water cycle ID - 3066 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this article we describe natural hazards associated with outburst floods of Palcacocha Lake and landslide events on the slopes of its moraine dam, in Cojup Valley, Cordillera Blanca (Peru). These events occurred in the last 70 years and some of them resulted in disasters, which strongly affected the city of Huarás. Field investigations and reference expression hydrodynamic tests as well as archive satellite images and aerial pictures were used to describe the evolution of hazards connected with Palcacocha Lake. Expression hydrodynamic tests proved a high permeability of sandy gravels glacial sediments, which form the present-day lake dam. Seepage through the natural dam forming small ponds below the overflow spillways occurs. A retreat of the glacial tongue causing an increase of the lake volume and unloading of the slope toe areas are the most important recent processes that influence the potential hazards affecting the Cojup valley. The research has proved that the climate warming and ongoing deglaciation play a very significant role in the change of natural hazards conditions in high mountains. AU - Vilímek, Vít AU - Zapata, Marco AU - Klimeš, Jan AU - Patzelt, Zdeněk AU - Santillán, Nelson DO - 10.1007/s10346-005-0052-6 IS - 2 KW - Geo- und Umweltwissenschaften PY - 2005 SN - 1612-510X SP - 107-115 ST - Influence of glacial retreat on natural hazards of the Palcacocha Lake area, Peru T2 - Landslides TI - Influence of glacial retreat on natural hazards of the Palcacocha Lake area, Peru UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10346-005-0052-6 VL - 2 ID - 3067 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Virtanen, T. AU - Neuvonen, S. LB - virt99 PY - 1999 SP - 439-448 ST - Climate change and macrolepidopteran biodiversity in Finland T2 - Chemosphere - Global Change Science TI - Climate change and macrolepidopteran biodiversity in Finland VL - 1 ID - 3068 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Visser, M. E. AU - Noordwijk, van AU - J, A. AU - Tinbergen AU - M, J. AU - Lessells AU - M, C. LB - viss98 PY - 1998 SP - 1867-1870 ST - Warmer springs lead to mistimed reproduction in great tits (Parus major) T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Warmer springs lead to mistimed reproduction in great tits (Parus major) VL - 26 ID - 3069 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Visser, M. E. AU - Noordwijk, van AU - J., A. AU - Tinbergen AU - M., J. AU - Lessells AU - M., C. LB - viss98 PY - 1998 SP - 1867-1870 ST - Warmer springs lead to mistimed reproduction in great tits (Parus major) T2 - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B TI - Warmer springs lead to mistimed reproduction in great tits (Parus major) VL - 26 ID - 3070 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vitousek, P. M. AU - C.M, D. ´ AU - Loope AU - L.L AU - Rejmánek AU - M AU - Westbrooks AU - R LB - vito97 PY - 1997 SP - 1-16 ST - Introduced species: a significant component of huma-caused global change T2 - New Zealand J. Ecol. TI - Introduced species: a significant component of huma-caused global change VL - 21 ID - 3071 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vitousek, P. M. AU - Ehrlich, P. R. AU - Ehrlich, A. H. AU - Matson, P. A. PY - 1986 SP - 363-373 ST - Human Appropriation of the Products of Photosysthesis. BioScience. T2 - BioScience TI - Human Appropriation of the Products of Photosysthesis VL - 36(6) ID - 3072 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vitousek, P.M., Ehrlich, P.R., Ehrlich, A.H. und Matson, P.A. PY - 1986 SP - 36(6), 363-373 ST - Human Appropriation of the Products of Photosysthesis. BioScience. TI - Human Appropriation of the Products of Photosysthesis. BioScience ID - 3073 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vitousek, P.M. AU - C.M., D.´ AU - Loope AU - L.L. AU - Rejmánek AU - M. AU - Westbrooks AU - R. LB - vito97 PY - 1997 SP - 1-16 ST - Introduced species: a significant component of huma-caused global change T2 - New Zealand J. Ecol. TI - Introduced species: a significant component of huma-caused global change VL - 21 ID - 3074 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Vitousek, Peter M. AU - Aber, John D. AU - Howarth, Robert W. AU - Likens, Gene E. AU - Matson, Pamela A. AU - Schindler, David W. AU - Schlesinger, William H. AU - Tilman, David G. DA - 2011/11/11 DO - doi 10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0737:HAOTGN]2.0.CO;2 10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0737:HAOTGN]2.0.CO;2 IS - 3 N1 - doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0737:HAOTGN]2.0.CO;2 PY - 1997 SN - 1051-0761 SP - 737-750 ST - HUMAN ALTERATION OF THE GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE: SOURCES AND CONSEQUENCES T2 - Ecological Applications TI - HUMAN ALTERATION OF THE GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE: SOURCES AND CONSEQUENCES UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(1997)007[0737:HAOTGN]2.0.CO VL - 7 ID - 3075 ER - TY - JOUR AB - While phenological shifts and migration of isolated species under climate change have already been observed on alpine summits, very few studies have focused on community composition changes in subalpine grasslands. Here we use permanent plots monitored since 1954 and precisely located phytosociological censuses from 1970 to study compositional changes of subalpine grasslands in two distinct regions of the Swiss Northern Alps. In both areas, warming trends during the monitoring period were associated with changes in land management (abandonment of goat and sheep pasturing or grazing replaced by mowing). Old and recent inventories were compared with correspondence analyses (CA). Ecological indicator values, community-affinities and biological traits of the species were used to infer the factors responsible for triggering the observed changes. In both regions, subalpine grasslands were stable with smaller changes than have previously been observed in alpine environments. Only a few species appeared or disappeared and changes were generally limited to increasing or decreasing frequency and cover of certain taxa. At one site, grazing abandonment favored fallow species. Some of these species were located at their upper altitudinal distribution limits and may have spread because of rising temperatures. In both areas, declining species were predominantly alpine and low-growing species; their decline was probably due to increased competition (e.g., shadow) with more vigorous subalpine taxa no longer limited by grazing. We conclude that vegetation communities can respond rapidly to warming as long as colonization is facilitated by available space or structural change. In the subalpine grasslands studies, changes were mainly driven by land management. These communities have a dense vegetation cover and newly arriving herbaceous species preferring warmer conditions may take some time to establish themselves. However, climate disturbances, such as exceptional drought, may accelerate community changes by opening gaps for new species. AU - Vittoz, Pascal AU - Randin, Christophe AU - Dutoit, Annelise AU - Bonnet, FranÇOis AU - Hegg, Otto DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01707.x IS - 1 KW - biological traits community change competition correspondence analysis ecological indicator value facilitation global warming pasture abandonment Switzerland PY - 2009 SN - 1365-2486 SP - 209-220 ST - Low impact of climate change on subalpine grasslands in the Swiss Northern Alps T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Low impact of climate change on subalpine grasslands in the Swiss Northern Alps UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01707.x VL - 15 ID - 3076 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Mountains are important sources of freshwater for the adjacent lowlands. In view of increasingly scarce freshwater resources, this contribution should be clarified. While earlier studies focused on selected river systems in different climate zones, we attempt here a first spatially explicit, global typology of the so-called "water towers" at the 0.5° x 0.5° resolution in order to identify critical regions where disproportionality of mountain runoff as compared to lowlands is maximum. Then, an Earth systems perspective is considered with incorporation of lowland climates, distinguishing four different types of water towers. We show that more than 50% of mountain areas have an essential or supportive role for downstream regions. Finally, the potential significance of water resources in mountains is illustrated by including the actual population in the adjacent lowlands and its water needs: 7% of global mountain area provides essential water resources, while another 37% delivers important supportive supply, especially in arid and semiarid regions where vulnerability for seasonal and regional water shortage is high. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union. AD - Hydrology Group, Department of Geography, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands UMR 7619 Sisyphe, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France Department of Physical Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands Department of Geography, University of Berne, Hallerstrasse 12, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland Université Pierre et Marie Curie, U.M.R. Sisyphe, 4, place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France Viviroli, D. Department of Geography, University of Berne, Hallerstrasse 12, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland email: viviroli@giub.unibe.ch AU - Viviroli, D. AU - Dürr, H. H. AU - Messerli, B. AU - Meybeck, M. AU - Weingartner, R. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1029/2006WR005653 IS - 7 J2 - Water Resour. Res. KW - Climatology Earth (planet) Mapping Runoff Semiarid regions Supportive supply Water analysis mapping mountain region river system runoff seasonal variation semiarid region typology water resource water supply LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 61 Art. No.: W07447 CODEN: WRERA References: Arora, V.K., Assessment of simulated water balance for continental-scale river basins in an AMIP 2 simulation (2001) J. Geophys. Res, 106 (D14), pp. 14,827-14,842; Bales, R.C., Molotch, N.P., Painter, T.H., Dettinger, M.D., Rice, R., Dozier, J., Mountain hydrology of the western United States (2006) Water Resour. Res, 42, pp. W08432. , doi:10.1029/2005WR004387; Bandyopadhyay, J., Kraemer, D., Kattelmann, R., Kundzewicz, Z.W., Highland waters: A resource of global significance (1997) Mountains of the World: A Global Priority, pp. 131-155. , edited by B. Messerli and J. 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PY - 1931 SP - 1-3 ST - Beobachtungen über blutsaugende Zweiflügler im Kanton Tessin T2 - Zool Anz TI - Beobachtungen über blutsaugende Zweiflügler im Kanton Tessin VL - 93 ID - 3078 ER - TY - GEN AU - Vollenweider, S. LB - voll99 PY - 1999 ST - Ökologische Bewertung und Zertifiziertung von kleinen Wasserkraftanlagen TI - Ökologische Bewertung und Zertifiziertung von kleinen Wasserkraftanlagen ID - 3079 ER - TY - NEWS AU - Völpel, E. DA - 28.4.2009 PY - 2009 ST - Schattige Zonen gegen Hitzewellen T2 - taz.de TI - Schattige Zonen gegen Hitzewellen UR - http://www.taz.de/1/zukunft/umwelt/artikel/1/schattige-zonen-gegen-hitzewellen-1/ Y2 - 8.6.2011 ID - 3080 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The history of urban development is also the history of emerging novel ecosystem types (Sukopp 2003). The significant impacts of urban structures and processes on climate, hydrology and soils finally lead to new biodiversity patterns. In the last decades, large cities have been recognized as hotspots of phyto-diversity: they are often richer in (non-cultivated) plant species than is the surrounding countryside (Haeupler 1975, Klotz 1990, Pysek 1993, McKinney 2002). This striking richness in urban phyto-diversity has mainly been attributed to an increased proportion of non-native plant species that may reach up to 40-50 % in Central European cities (e.g. Falinski 1971, Klotz 1990, Kowarik 1995, Pyšeek 1998, Prasse et al. 2001, Wittig 2002; but see Kühn et al. 2004 on native species contributing to urban plant diversity). AD - Fachgebiet Ökosystemkunde/Pflazenökologie der TU Berlin, Rothenburgstr. 12, 12165 Berlin, Germany von der Lippe, M. Fachgebiet Ökosystemkunde/Pflanzenökologie der TU Berlin, Rothenburgstr. 12, 12165 Berlin, Germany email: Moritz.vdLippe@tu-berlin.de AU - von der Lippe, M. AU - Säumel, I. AU - Kowarik, I. 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Fungal biomass was estimated by ergosterol analysis and the EM species were identified by 454 sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) amplicons. Nutrient availability and the fungal biomass in soil samples were also estimated.•Biomass production peaked in young stands (10-30 yr old) before the first thinning phase. Tylospora fibrillosa dominated the EM community, especially in these young stands, where it constituted 80% of the EM amplicons derived from the mesh bags. Species richness increased in older stands.•The establishment of EM mycelial networks in young Norway spruce stands requires large amounts of carbon, while much less is needed to sustain the EM community in older stands. The variation in EM biomass production over the rotation period has implications for carbon sequestration rates in forest soils. © The Authors (2010). Journal compilation © New Phytologist Trust (2010). AD - Department of Microbial Ecology, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Tönnersjöheden Experimental Forest, PO Box 17, SE-31038 Simlångsdalen, Sweden Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7026, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden Wallander, H. Department of Microbial Ecology, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden email: hakan.wallander@mbioekol.lu.se AU - Wallander, H. AU - Johansson, U. AU - Sterkenburg, E. AU - Brandström Durling, M. AU - Lindahl, B. D. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03324.x IS - 4 J2 - New Phytol. 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AU - Aspöck, H. CY - Klosterneuburg bei Wien PB - Nova Acta Leopoldina PY - 2002 SP - 187-207 ST - Pränatale, perinatale und neonatale Protozoen-Infektionen des Menschen: Überblick und aktuelle Probleme T2 - Leopoldina-Symposium Pränatale, perinatale und neonatale Infektionen TI - Pränatale, perinatale und neonatale Protozoen-Infektionen des Menschen: Überblick und aktuelle Probleme VL - 334 ID - 3100 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Walochnik, J. AU - Aspöck, H. PY - 2005 SP - 14-25 ST - Leishmaniose. Diagnostik und Therapie T2 - Pro Med TI - Leishmaniose. Diagnostik und Therapie VL - 2 ID - 3101 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Walter, R. et al. CY - Wien PB - Manz PY - 2007 ST - Grundriss des österreichischen Bundesverfassungsrechts TI - Grundriss des österreichischen Bundesverfassungsrechts ID - 3102 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Walther, G. R. LB - walt00 PY - 2000 SP - 409-430 ST - Climatic forcing on the dispersal of exotic species T2 - Phytocoenologia TI - Climatic forcing on the dispersal of exotic species VL - 30 ID - 3103 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Walther, G. R. PY - 2003 SP - 169-185 ST - Plants in warmer world T2 - Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics TI - Plants in warmer world VL - 6/3 ID - 3104 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Walther, G. R. AU - Post AU - E AU - Convey AU - P AU - Menzel AU - A AU - Parmesan AU - C AU - Beebee AU - C, T. J. AU - Fromentin AU - M, J. AU - Hoegh, Guldberg AU - O AU - Bairlein AU - F LB - walt02 PY - 2002 SP - 389-395 ST - Ecological responses to recent climate change T2 - Nature TI - Ecological responses to recent climate change VL - 41 ID - 3105 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Walther, G. R. AU - Post AU - E. AU - Convey AU - P. AU - Menzel AU - A. AU - Parmesan AU - C. AU - Beebee AU - C., T. J. AU - Fromentin AU - M., J. AU - Hoegh-Guldberg AU - O. AU - Bairlein AU - F. LB - walt02 PY - 2002 SP - 389-395 ST - Ecological responses to recent climate change T2 - Nature TI - Ecological responses to recent climate change VL - 41 ID - 3106 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Walther, G.R. LB - walt00 PY - 2000 SP - 409-430 ST - Climatic forcing on the dispersal of exotic species T2 - Phytocoenologia TI - Climatic forcing on the dispersal of exotic species VL - 30 ID - 3107 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Walther, G.R. PY - 2003 SP - 169-185. ST - Plants in warmer world. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 6/3: TI - Plants in warmer world. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 6/3 ID - 3108 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wang, T. AU - Hamann, A. AU - Yanchuk, A. AU - O'Neill, G. A. AU - Aitken, S. N. PY - 2006 SP - 2404-2416 ST - Use of response functions in selecting lodgepole pine populations for future climates T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Use of response functions in selecting lodgepole pine populations for future climates VL - 12 ID - 3109 ER - TY - CONF AU - Wang, X. AU - Cammeraat, E. AU - Romeijn, P. AU - Kalbitz, K. CY - Vienna PY - 2013 ST - Soil redistribution and dynamics of organic carbon T2 - EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts TI - Soil redistribution and dynamics of organic carbon ID - 3463 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wanner, H. AU - Rickli, R. AU - Salvisberg, E. AU - Schmutz, C. AU - Schüepp, M. LB - wann97a N1 - über den klimatischen einfluß unter dem der Alpenraum steht PY - 1997 SP - 221-243 ST - Global Climate Change and Variability and its Influence on Alpine Climate - Concepts and Observations T2 - Theor. Appl. Climatol. TI - Global Climate Change and Variability and its Influence on Alpine Climate - Concepts and Observations VL - 58 ID - 3110 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Background: Panel studies have been used to investigate the short term effects of outdoor particulate air pollution across a wide range of environmental settings.Aims: To systematically review the results of such studies in children, estimate summary measures of effect, and investigate potential sources of heterogeneity.Methods: Studies were identified by searching electronic databases to June 2002, including those where outcomes and particulate level measurements were made at least daily for ⩾8 weeks, and analysed using an appropriate regression model. Study results were compared using forest plots, and fixed and random effects summary effect estimates obtained. Publication bias was considered using a funnel plot.Results: Twenty two studies were identified, all except two reporting PM10 (24 hour mean) >50 μg.m−3. Reported effects of PM10 on PEF were widely spread and smaller than those for PM2.5 (fixed effects summary: −0.012 v −0.063 l.min−1 per μg.m−3 rise). A similar pattern was evident for symptoms. Random effects models produced larger estimates. Overall, in between-study comparisons, panels of children with diagnosed asthma or pre-existing respiratory symptoms appeared less affected by PM10 levels than those without, and effect estimates were larger where studies were conducted in higher ozone conditions. Larger PM10 effect estimates were obtained from studies using generalised estimating equations to model autocorrelation and where results were derived by pooling subject specific regression coefficients. A funnel plot of PM10 results for PEF was markedly asymmetrical.Conclusions: The majority of identified studies indicate an adverse effect of particulate air pollution that is greater for PM2.5 than PM10. However, results show considerable heterogeneity and there is evidence consistent with publication bias, so limited confidence may be placed on summary estimates of effect. The possibility of interaction between particle and ozone effects merits further investigation, as does variability due to analytical differences that alter the interpretation of final estimates. AU - Ward, D. J. AU - Ayres, J. G. DA - April 1, 2004 DO - 10.1136/oem.2003.007088 IS - 4 PY - 2004 SP - e13 ST - Particulate air pollution and panel studies in children: a systematic review T2 - Occupational and Environmental Medicine TI - Particulate air pollution and panel studies in children: a systematic review UR - http://oem.bmj.com/content/61/4/e13.abstract VL - 61 ID - 3111 ER - TY - CONF AU - Ward, F.A. AU - Pulido-Velazquez, M. PY - 2008 SP - 18215-18220 ST - Water conservation in irrigation can increase water use T2 - National Academy of Sciences TI - Water conservation in irrigation can increase water use VL - 105 ID - 3112 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ward, R.D. AU - Bettini, S. AU - Maroli, M. AU - McGarry, J.W. AU - Draper, A. IS - 6 PY - 1981 SP - 653-661 ST - Phosphoglucomutase polymorphism in Phlebotomus perfiliewi perfiliewi Parrot (Diptera: Psychodidae) from central and northern Italy. T2 - Ann Trop Med Parasitol TI - Phosphoglucomutase polymorphism in Phlebotomus perfiliewi perfiliewi Parrot (Diptera: Psychodidae) from central and northern Italy. VL - 75 ID - 3113 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Warren, M. S. AU - Hill AU - J.K AU - Thomas AU - J.A AU - Asher AU - Fox, J. AU - R AU - Huntley AU - B AU - Roy AU - D.B AU - Telfer AU - M.G AU - Jeffcoate AU - Harding, S. AU - P AU - Jeffcoate AU - G AU - Willis AU - S.G AU - Greatorex, Davies AU - J.N AU - Moss AU - D AU - Thomas AU - C.D LB - warr01 PY - 2001 SP - 65-69 ST - Rapid responses of British butterflies to opposing forces of climate and habitat change T2 - Nature TI - Rapid responses of British butterflies to opposing forces of climate and habitat change VL - 41 ID - 3114 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Warren, M.S. AU - Hill AU - J.K. AU - Thomas AU - J.A. AU - Asher AU - Fox, J. AU - R. AU - Huntley AU - B. AU - Roy AU - D.B. AU - Telfer AU - M.G. AU - Jeffcoate AU - Harding, S. AU - P. AU - G. AU - Willis AU - S.G. AU - Greatorex-Davies AU - J.N. AU - Moss AU - D. AU - C.D. LB - warr01 PY - 2001 SP - 65-69 ST - Rapid responses of British butterflies to opposing forces of climate and habitat change T2 - Nature TI - Rapid responses of British butterflies to opposing forces of climate and habitat change VL - 41 ID - 3115 ER - TY - JOUR AU - WASA LB - wasa1998a PY - 1998 SP - 741--760 ST - Changing waves and storms in the northeast Atlantic T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. TI - Changing waves and storms in the northeast Atlantic VL - 79 ID - 3116 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wasa LB - wasa1998a PY - 1998 SP - 741--760 ST - Changing waves and storms in the northeast Atlantic T2 - Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc. TI - Changing waves and storms in the northeast Atlantic VL - 79 ID - 3117 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Watson, R. T. AU - Zinyowera AU - M.C AU - R.H, Moss AU - Dokken AU - J., D. LB - wats97 N1 - (eds.) PY - 1997 SP - 517 ST - The regional impacts of climatic change: an assessment of vulnerability T2 - IPCC special report. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge TI - The regional impacts of climatic change: an assessment of vulnerability ID - 3118 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Watson, R. T. AU - Zinyowera AU - M.C. AU - R.H., Moss AU - Dokken AU - , D.J. LB - wats97 N1 - (eds.) PY - 1997 SP - 517 ST - The regional impacts of climatic change: an assessment of vulnerability T2 - IPCC special report. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge TI - The regional impacts of climatic change: an assessment of vulnerability ID - 3119 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wayne P., Foster S., Connolly J., Bazzaz F. AU - P., Epstein PY - 2002 SP - 88: 279-282. ST - Production of allergenic pollen by ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is increased in CO2-enriched atmospheres. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. TI - Production of allergenic pollen by ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is increased in CO2-enriched atmospheres. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol ID - 3120 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wayne, P. AU - Foster, S. AU - Connolly, J. AU - Bazzaz, F. AU - Epstein, P. PY - 2002 SP - 279-282 ST - Production of allergenic pollen by ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is increased in CO2-enriched atmospheres. Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. T2 - Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol TI - Production of allergenic pollen by ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) is increased in CO2-enriched atmospheres VL - 88 ID - 3121 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Wöbse, K. H. CY - Stuttgart J2 - Landschaftsästhetik PY - 2002 ST - Landschaftsästhetik TI - Landschaftsästhetik ID - 3122 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - WBGU AU - WELTVERÄNDERUNGEN, WBGU – WISSENSCHAFTLICHER BEIRAT DER DEUTSCHEN BUNDESREGIERUNG GLOBALE UM- CY - Berlin PB - WGBU PY - 2011 ST - Welt im Wandel – Gesellschaftsvertrag für eine Große Transformation T2 - Hauptgutachten 2011 TI - Welt im Wandel – Gesellschaftsvertrag für eine Große Transformation ID - 3557 ER - TY - RPRT AU - WCPPS CY - Geneva N1 - http://www.ipcc.ch/meetings/session01/first-final-report.pdf PY - 1988 RP - http://www.ipcc.ch/meetings/session01/first-final-report.pdf ST - WMO/UNEP intergovernmental Panel on Climate change T2 - Report on the first session.      9          –          11        November        1988 TI - WMO/UNEP intergovernmental Panel on Climate change ID - 3558 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Darai, G. A2 - Handermann, M. A2 - Hinz, E. A2 - Sonntag, H.-G. AU - Weber, A. CY - Berlin, Heidelberg PB - Springer Verlag PY - 2003 SP - 256-259 ST - Francisella tularensis T2 - Lexikon der Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen TI - Francisella tularensis ID - 3123 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weber, A. PY - 2003 ST - Francisella tularensis, in Darai, G., Handermann, M., Hinz, E., Sonntag, H.-G. (Hrsg.): Lexikon der Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen, S. 256-259. Springer Ver-lag Berlin, Heidelberg. TI - Francisella tularensis, in Darai, G., Handermann, M., Hinz, E., Sonntag, H.-G. (Hrsg.): Lexikon der Infektionskrankheiten des Menschen, S. 256-259. Springer Ver-lag Berlin, Heidelberg ID - 3124 ER - TY - GOVDOC A2 - Lebensmittelkontrolle, Amtstierärztl. Dienst u. AU - Weber, A. PY - 2006 SP - 30-34 TI - Die Tularämie – eine selten diagnostizierte Zoonose? VL - 13 ID - 3125 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weber, A. PY - 2006 SP - 13, 30-34. ST - Die Tularämie – eine selten diagnostizierte Zoonose? Amtstierärztl. Dienst u. Lebensmittelkontrolle TI - Die Tularämie – eine selten diagnostizierte Zoonose? Amtstierärztl. Dienst u. Lebensmittelkontrolle ID - 3126 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We present a psychometric scale that assesses risk taking in five content domains: financial decisions (separately for investing versus gambling), health/safety, recreational, ethical, and social decisions. Respondents rate the likelihood that they would engage in domain-specific risky activities (Part I). An optional Part II assesses respondents' perceptions of the magnitude of the risks and expected benefits of the activities judged in Part I. The scale's construct validity and consistency is evaluated for a sample of American undergraduate students. As expected, respondents' degree of risk taking was highly domain-specific, i.e. not consistently risk-averse or consistently risk-seeking across all content domains. Women appeared to be more risk-averse in all domains except social risk. A regression of risk taking (likelihood of engaging in the risky activity) on expected benefits and perceived risks suggests that gender and content domain differences in apparent risk taking are associated with differences in the perception of the activities' benefits and risk, rather than with differences in attitude towards perceived risk. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. AU - Weber, Elke U. AU - Blais, Ann-Renée AU - Betz, Nancy E. DO - 10.1002/bdm.414 IS - 4 KW - risk-taking risk-perception risk attitude gender differences content specificity PY - 2002 SN - 1099-0771 SP - 263-290 ST - A domain-specific risk-attitude scale: measuring risk perceptions and risk behaviors T2 - Journal of Behavioral Decision Making TI - A domain-specific risk-attitude scale: measuring risk perceptions and risk behaviors UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bdm.414 VL - 15 ID - 3127 ER - TY - THES AU - WEBER, G. PY - 1983 ST - Untersuchungen zur ökologischen Genetik der Grünen Pfirsichblattlaus Myzus Persicae T2 - Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Fachbereich Agrarwissenschaften TI - Untersuchungen zur ökologischen Genetik der Grünen Pfirsichblattlaus Myzus Persicae ID - 3128 ER - TY - GEN AU - Weber, Gerlind. PY - 2005 ST - Gender, Klimawandel und Klimapolitik, Über Fallstricke bei einer integrativen Betrachtung Diskussionspapier 01/05 des Projektes „Global Governance und Klimawandel“ TI - Gender, Klimawandel und Klimapolitik, Über Fallstricke bei einer integrativen Betrachtung Diskussionspapier 01/05 des Projektes „Global Governance und Klimawandel“ ID - 3663 ER - TY - BOOK AU - WEBER, H. E CY - Stuttgart PY - 2003 ST - Gebüsche, Hecken, Krautsäume TI - Gebüsche, Hecken, Krautsäume ID - 3129 ER - TY - CHART AU - Weber, L. CY - Wien PB - Geologische Bundesanstalt PY - 1997 TI - Geologische Karte 1:500.000 von Österreich (modifiziert) ID - 3130 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weber, L. PY - 1997 ST - Geologische Karte 1:500.000 von Österreich (modifiziert). Geologische Bundesanstalt, Wien. TI - Geologische Karte 1:500.000 von Österreich (modifiziert). Geologische Bundesanstalt, Wien ID - 3131 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Stewart, B. A. AU - Webster, Richard CY - New York LB - webster:85 PB - Springer Verlag PY - 1985 SP - 1 -- 70 ST - Quantitative spatial analysis of soils in the field T2 - Advances in Soil Science TI - Quantitative spatial analysis of soils in the field VL - 3 ID - 3132 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Wegmayr, J. AU - Tichler, R. AU - Schneider, F. PB - Energieinstitut, Johannes-Kepler Universität Linz. PY - 2007 ST - Heiße und trockene Sommer in Oberösterreich: Auswirkungen auf Strom aus Wasserkraft und Stromverbrauch für Klimageräte TI - Heiße und trockene Sommer in Oberösterreich: Auswirkungen auf Strom aus Wasserkraft und Stromverbrauch für Klimageräte ID - 3133 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weichert, A. AU - Bürger, G. LB - weic1998a PY - 1998 SP - 83-93 ST - Linear versus nonlinear techniques in downscaling T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Linear versus nonlinear techniques in downscaling VL - 10 ID - 3134 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weichert, A. AU - G, Bürger LB - weichert1998 PY - 1998 ST - Linear vs. non-linear techniques in downscaling T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Linear vs. non-linear techniques in downscaling VL - 10 ID - 3135 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weichert, Andreas AU - Bürger, Gerd DA - August LB - weic98a N1 - Es wird eine einfaches lineares Model ("best linear predictor - BLP") mit einem neuralen Netzwerk ("radial basis functions - RBF") verglichen; Als grossräumige Variablen wurden tägliche Werte von GPH500 und TMP850 aus einem Ausschnitt 25-75N,55W-45E verwendet. ***NCAR? zeitraum > NCAR, aber alte wie schon bei biau99A (ausloesung 5x5grad) Lokal wurde eine Station (Potsdam) verwendet; untersucht wurde die tägliche Mitteltemperatur, Niederschlagsmenge und Dampfdruck für eine Periode 1.10.? 30.6.1989 ***sorry das versteh ich nicht ganz > weisz nicht was du nicht verstehts, wenn du die "?" meinst, ich wurde auchcniht schlau daraus im wortlaut heiszt es:" We used daily values from the period 1 Oktober to 30 June 1989" in welchen jahr der 1.10 ist steht niergends, einmal ist noch von den tagen 31.8 -2.9 1977 die rede, denn rest kann man raten. was nicht alles veroeffentlicht wird. (dabei wurden die ersten 14 bzw. 25 PC verwendet). Die ersten 6000 Tage wurden als fitting period verwendet und die restlichen 3770 Zeitpunkte zur Validierung. Alle drei untersuchten Variablen wurden "normalisiert". Es zeigten sich ähnliche Ergebnisse 72%(BLP) und 79%(RBF) für die Temperatur 39% und 42% Niederschlag 66% und 71% für den Dampfdruck. Der wesentliche Unterschied zeigte sich im Erkennen des einzelnen Niederschlagereignisses, ***was meinst du damit? - schau das bitte noch mal nach (weil mich das wundert - hohe korrelation bedeutet doch, dass recht viele ereignisse erkannt werden) und auch was das "normalisiert" (siehe oben) betrifft > die korrelationen beziehen sich auf saisionale mittel, da jedoch auch einzelne tage betrachtet wurden kann man auch statistiken erstellen wie es nun um das erkennen einzelner tage oder sogenannte "wet and dry days" oder "regen, kein regen" bestellt ist und sowas ist mit einzelnen Niederschlagsereigniss gemeint welches deutlich besser vom neuralen Netzwerk wiedergegeben wurde, jedoch in der Höhe des Niederschlages sind die erzielten Ergebnisse kaum unterschiedlich und nicht "gut". ***heisst das, dass die korrelation hoch ist (siehe oben) aber der mittelwert nicht getroffen wird? > auch dies bezieht sich auf das einzel ereignis, das " aus einem 100mm/d ein 200mm/d ereignis macht PY - 1998 SP - 83 - 93 ST - Linear versus nonlinear techniques in downscaling T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Linear versus nonlinear techniques in downscaling VL - 10 ID - 3136 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weichert, A AU - Bürger, G. LB - weic1998a PY - 1998 SP - 83-93 ST - Linear versus nonlinear techniques in downscaling T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Linear versus nonlinear techniques in downscaling VL - 10 ID - 3137 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Weigelt, A. AU - Wawer, W.W. AU - Buchmann, N. AU - Scherer-Lorenzen, M. PY - 2009 SP - 3187-3214 ST - Biodiversity for multifunctional grasslands: equal productivity in high-diversity low-input and low-diversity highimput systems T2 - Biogeosciences Discuss. TI - Biodiversity for multifunctional grasslands: equal productivity in high-diversity low-input and low-diversity highimput systems VL - 6 ID - 3138 ER - TY - THES AU - Weik, S. PB - Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, Hollabrunn PY - 2005 ST - Die Umweltauswirkungen der österreichischen Ernährung am Beispiel der Treibhausgasemissionen - Analyse, ökonomische Auswirkungen und Optimierungspotentiale unterschiedlicher Ernährungsweisen und Produktionsverfahren TI - Die Umweltauswirkungen der österreichischen Ernährung am Beispiel der Treibhausgasemissionen - Analyse, ökonomische Auswirkungen und Optimierungspotentiale unterschiedlicher Ernährungsweisen und Produktionsverfahren VL - Mag. ID - 3139 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Weimar, H. CY - Hamburg PB - Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut PY - 2011 ST - Der Holzfluss in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 2009 Methode und Er- gebnis der Modellierung des Stoffflusses von Holz TI - Der Holzfluss in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 2009 Methode und Er- gebnis der Modellierung des Stoffflusses von Holz ID - 3498 ER - TY - BOOK AU - P., Weinfurter CY - Purkersdorf PB - Österreichische Bundesforste AG PY - 2004 ST - Waldbauhandbuch. Eine Orientierungshilfe für die Praxis TI - Waldbauhandbuch. Eine Orientierungshilfe für die Praxis ID - 3140 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Weitzman, M.L. N1 - Book Review for JEL, 31.04.07. PY - 2007 RP - Book Review for JEL, 31.04.07. ST - The Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change TI - The Stern Review of the Economics of Climate Change ID - 3141 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Welsch, H. PY - 2008 ST - Armington Elasticities for Energy Policy Modelling: Evidence from Four European Coun-tries. T2 - Energy Economics TI - Armington Elasticities for Energy Policy Modelling: Evidence from Four European Coun-tries ID - 3142 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The outbreaks of Ips typographus (L.) in Central Europe after severe storms in the 1990s triggered extensive research. Molecular techniques were used to analyze the relations and origins of European Ips species. The biological characteristics of I. typographus such as the influence of temperature on life history parameters and flight behavior have been analyzed in detail. The spruce bark beetle was found to disperse well beyond 500 m. However, new attacks mostly occurred in the vicinity of old ones. Many studies refer to invertebrate natural enemies of I. typographus such as predatory beetles and flies as well as various parasitoids. While the species assemblages of antagonists have been extensively investigated their dynamics and impact on I. typographus populations are controversial. The susceptibility and defense mechanisms of host trees are crucial for a successful attack by bark beetles. Newly attacked trees respond with preformed resin, local wound reactions and eventually with systemic changes in their physiology. Risk assessments have been performed at both tree and stand level. Risk of attack seems to be mainly related to the exposition, age, and nutrient and water supply of the trees. The dynamics of outbreaks largely depends on insect abundance, tree susceptibility, weather conditions, and human measures. This renders predictions difficult. Various control techniques are reviewed and the need for more sophisticated risk assessment tools is stressed. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. AD - Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zurichstrasse 111, Birmensdorf C., Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zurichstrasse 111, Birmensdorf C.Switzerland email: beat.wermelinger@wsl.ch AU - Wermelinger, B. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.07.018 IS - 1-3 J2 - For. Ecol. Manage. KW - Bark beetles Biology Damage Forest protection Management Pheromones Predatory bettles Spruce bark beetles Biodiversity Ecology Management science Nutrition Risk assessment Forestry biological characteristics forest management pest control pest outbreak risk assessment Forest Management Risk Assessment Eurasia Europe Coleoptera Insecta Invertebrata Ips Ips typographus Picea Scolytinae LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 124 CODEN: FECMD References: Abgrall, J.F., Juvy, B., Incidence de la température sur le développement du Typographe, Ips typographus L. (Coleoptère, Scolytidae) en zones montagneuses (1993) Inform. Techn. CEMAGREF, 90, pp. 1-7; Anderbrant, O., Gallery construction and oviposition of the bark beetle Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) at different breeding densities (1990) Ecol. 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(Coleoptera, Scolytidae) attacks following heavy windthrow in Denmark, analysed using GIS (2001) For. Ecol. Manag., 148, pp. 31-39; Zhang, Q.H., Schlyter, F., Anderson, P., Green leaf volatiles interrupt pheromone response of spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (1999) J. Chem. Ecol., 25, pp. 2847-2861; Zhou, J.L., Ross, D.W., Niwa, C.G., Kairomonal response of Thanasimus undatulus, Enoclerus sphegeus (Coleoptera: Cleridae), and Temnochila chlorodia (Coleoptera: Trogositidae) to bark beetle semiochemicals in eastern Oregon (2001) Environ. Entomol., 30, pp. 993-998; Zolubas, P., Byers, J.A., Recapture of dispersing bark beetle Ips typographus L. (Col., Scolytidae) in pheromone-baited traps: Regression models (1995) J. Appl. Entomol., 119, pp. 285-289; Zuber, M., Benz, G., Untersuchungen über das Schwärmverhalten von Ips typographus (L.) und Pityogenes chalcographus (L.) (Col., Scolytidae) mit den Pheromonpräparaten Pheroprax und Chalcoprax (1992) J. Appl. Entomol., 113, pp. 430-436; Zumr, V., Dispersal of the spruce beetle Ips typographus (L.) (Col., Scolytidae) in spruce woods (1992) J. Appl. Entomol., 114, pp. 348-352 PY - 2004 SN - 03781127 SP - 67-82 ST - Ecology and management of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus - A review of recent research T2 - Forest Ecology and Management TI - Ecology and management of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus - A review of recent research UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-6344294605&partnerID=40&md5=abffebd7a45ef7ea443961541f7fbde8 VL - 202 ID - 3143 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wermelinger, B. AU - M, Seifert LB - werm98 PY - 1998 SP - 185-191 ST - Analysis of temperature dependent development of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L (Col. Scol.) T2 - J. Appl. Ent. TI - Analysis of temperature dependent development of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L (Col. Scol.) VL - 12 ID - 3144 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Abstract 1. In several dry inner Alpine valleys higher mortality levels of pine have been observed in recent years. This paper evaluates the role of xylophagous insects in the current pine decline and the influence of climate change on the infestation dynamics. 2. More than 200 trees of different levels of crown transparency (needle loss) were felled between 2001 and 2005 and sections of them incubated in insect emergence traps. Colonisation densities were related to the transparency level of each host tree at the time of attack. 3. Trees with more than 80% needle loss were colonised most frequently, but the breeding density was highest in trees with 65–80% needle loss. 4. The scolytine Ips acuminatus and the buprestid Phaenops cyanea colonised trees with 30–90% needle loss in high densities. The bark beetle Tomicus minor was less aggressive, preferring trees with 60–85% needle loss. The hymenopteran Sirex noctilio and the cerambycid Acanthocinus aedilis were restricted to greatly weakened trees with 50–85% needle loss. Most species colonised trees that had experienced a decline in vigour, that is an increase in crown transparency shortly before attack. 5. The infestation dynamics of P. cyanea covaried with the drought index as well as with temperature. 6. Increased temperatures not only trigger a drought stress rendering the host trees susceptible to insect attack, but also accelerate insect development. As more frequent drought periods are likely as a result of climate change, even trees only slightly or temporarily weakened will be more subject to attack by aggressive species such as I. acuminatus and P. cyanea. AU - Wermelinger, B. AU - Rigling, A. AU - Schneider Mathis, D. AU - Dobbertin, M. DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2311.2007.00960.x IS - 2 KW - Bark beetles climate change crown transparency drought needle loss pest insects pine decline PY - 2008 SN - 1365-2311 SP - 239-249 ST - Assessing the role of bark- and wood-boring insects in the decline of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in the Swiss Rhone valley T2 - Ecological Entomology TI - Assessing the role of bark- and wood-boring insects in the decline of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in the Swiss Rhone valley UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.2007.00960.x VL - 33 ID - 3145 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Following individual development by means of the 'sandwich method' the duration of egg, larval, and pupal stages, as well as of adult maturation feeding of the spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) was measured at constant temperatures in the range between 12°and 33°C. At 20°C complete development from egg to adult emerging from pupa averaged 29 days. The proportion of the duration of larval development relative to total preimaginal development increased with temperature. Developmental rates, i.e. the speed of development increased linearly with temperature in a range between 15°and 25°C. Based on linear regressions, lower developmental thresholds were calculated to be 10.6°C (eggs), 8.2°C (larvae), 9.9°C (pupae), and 8.3°C (preimaginal development egg to pupa), respectively. Differing heat sums reported in the literature matched ours when recalculated with our developmental thresholds. A nonlinear model (Logan/Lactin) was fitted to the data which allowed to describe development in the entire temperature range. It further permits to identify lower and upper (≃ 40°C) developmental thresholds as well as optimum temperatures (30-33°C) of the instars. AD - Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland Wermelinger, B. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow/Landscape Research WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland email: beat.wermelinger@wsl.ch AU - Wermelinger, B. AU - Seifert, M. DB - Scopus IS - 4 J2 - J. Appl. Entomol. KW - forest pest larval development temperature dependence Coleoptera Ips typographus Scolytidae LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 29 CODEN: JOAEE References: Abgrall, J.F., Juvy, B., Incidence de la température sur le développement du Typographe, Ips typographus L. (Coleoptère, Scolytidae) en zones montagneuses (1993) Inform. Techn. CEMAGREF, 90, pp. 1-7; Annila, E., Influence of temperature upon the development and voltinism of Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) (1969) Ann. Zool. 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LB - werneck1956 PY - 1956 SP - 114-131 ST - Römischer und Vorrömischer Wein- und Obstbau im Österreichischen Donauraum T2 - Verh.Zool.-Bot.Ges.in Wien TI - Römischer und Vorrömischer Wein- und Obstbau im Österreichischen Donauraum VL - 96 ID - 3148 ER - TY - RPRT AU - WERNER, P. AU - ZAHNER, R. NV - BfN-Skripten 245. Hrsg PB - Bundesamt für Naturschutz Bonn PY - 2009 ST - Biologische Vielfalt und Städte – eine Übersicht und Bibliographie TI - Biologische Vielfalt und Städte – eine Übersicht und Bibliographie ID - 3149 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - ed, Hohmann R AU - Wernli, H. AU - Bader, S. AU - Hächler, P. CY - Bern, Switzerland PB - Organe consultatif sur les changements climatiques (OcCC) PY - 2003 ST - Winterstürme T2 - Extremereignisse und Klimaänderungen TI - Winterstürme ID - 3464 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wernsdorfer, W. H. LB - wern02 PY - 2002 SP - 201-212 ST - Malaria in Mitteleuropa T2 - Denisia TI - Malaria in Mitteleuropa VL - 6 ID - 3150 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Westermann CY - Braunschweig LB - westermann1968 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Westermann PY - 1968 ST - Lexikon der Geographie TI - Lexikon der Geographie ID - 3151 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Westermann CY - Braunschweig LB - westermann1968 N1 - StClB-Lit PB - Westermann PY - 1968 ST - Lexikon der Geographie TI - Lexikon der Geographie ID - 3152 ER - TY - BOOK A2 - Wetterdienst, Deutscher AU - Wetterdienst, Deutscher LB - dwd1998 PB - Vieweg PY - 1998 ST - Aspirations-Psychrometer-Tafeln TI - Aspirations-Psychrometer-Tafeln ID - 3153 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Brunsden, D. und Prior, D. B. (Hrsg.) AU - Whalley, W. B. CY - Chichester PB - Wiley PY - 1984 SP - 217-256 ST - Rockfalls T2 - Slope Instability TI - Rockfalls ID - 3154 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wheeler, T.R., Batts, G.R., Ellis, R.H., Hardley, P. and J.I.L. Mortison PY - 1996 SP - 37–48 ST - Growth and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) crops in response to CO2 and temperature T2 - Journal of Agricultural Science TI - Growth and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) crops in response to CO2 and temperature VL - 127 ID - 3155 ER - TY - JOUR AU - White, M. A. AU - Running, S. W. AU - Thornton, P. E. LB - whit99b PY - 1999 SP - 139-145 ST - The impact of growing-season length variability on carbon assimilation and evapotranspiration over 88 years in the eastern US deciduous forest T2 - Int. J. Biometeorol. TI - The impact of growing-season length variability on carbon assimilation and evapotranspiration over 88 years in the eastern US deciduous forest VL - 42 ID - 3156 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Whittaker, J. B. LB - whit99 PY - 1999 SP - 149-156 ST - Impacts and responses at population level of herbivourous insects to elevated CO2 T2 - Europ. J. Entomol. TI - Impacts and responses at population level of herbivourous insects to elevated CO2 VL - 96 ID - 3157 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Whittaker, J. B. AU - N.P, Tribe LB - whit96 PY - 1996 SP - 319-324 ST - An altitudinal transect as an indicator of responses of a spittlebug (Auchenorrhyncha: Cercopidae) to climate change T2 - Eur. J. Entomol. TI - An altitudinal transect as an indicator of responses of a spittlebug (Auchenorrhyncha: Cercopidae) to climate change VL - 93 ID - 3158 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Whittaker, J.B. LB - whit99 PY - 1999 SP - 149-156 ST - Impacts and responses at population level of herbivourous insects to elevated CO2 T2 - Europ. J. Entomol. TI - Impacts and responses at population level of herbivourous insects to elevated CO2 VL - 96 ID - 3159 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Whittaker, J.B. AU - N.P., Tribe LB - whit96 PY - 1996 SP - 319-324 ST - An altitudinal transect as an indicator of responses of a spittlebug (Auchenorrhyncha: Cercopidae) to climate change T2 - Eur. J. Entomol. TI - An altitudinal transect as an indicator of responses of a spittlebug (Auchenorrhyncha: Cercopidae) to climate change VL - 93 ID - 3160 ER - TY - GEN AU - WHO PB - WHO PY - 2002 ST - Global Solar UV Index: A practical guide TI - Global Solar UV Index: A practical guide ID - 3161 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - EEA AB - This expert meeting was organized by the WHO Regional Office for Europe and the European Environment Agency and hosted by the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic to exchange information and develop recommendations on public health and environmental responses to weather and climate extremes, specifically floods, heat-waves and cold spells. The 54 participants included representatives of 20 countries from the European Region, as well as of the European Commission, European Environment Agency, Red Cross, World Meteorological Organization, World Health Organization and scientists from around the world. The discussion on health effects in different countries of the heat-wave and of the cold-waves occurred in 2003, as well as of the flooding in 2002, can be summarized as follows: 1) During the severe heat-wave that affected much of western Europe in summer 2003, women 75 years of age and older were at highest risk. 2) Winter mortality is still higher than summer mortality. While some of this wintertime excess relates to hypothermia, the greatest component is due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. 3)Flooding in 2002 caused serious re-organization of health care services and required advice on hygiene and immunization by health authorities. A review of the health effects showed that fatalities are often caused by entrapment in automobiles and behaviours that clearly disregard dangers. Other health effects included gastrointestinal infections due to contamination of food and water, and psychological effects. The meeting developed the following recommendations: • emphasis must shift from post-disaster intervention to pre-disaster planning; • identifying and protecting vulnerable groups is particularly important; • meteorological agencies, health departments and civil protection agencies must work together to develop early warning, surveillance mechanisms, intervention plans and crisis management tools. This meeting contributed to the preparatory process for the Fourth Ministerial Conference on Environment and Health (Budapest, June 2004). Its recommendations, providing actions addressing public health and environmental responses to weather and climate, were submitted to Member States as an input to a policy document and to the Conference declaration. AU - WHO KW - CLIMATE METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS PUBLIC HEALTH ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH NATURAL DISASTERS GREEN HOUSE EFFECT DISEASE TRANSMISSION HEAT STROKE - prevention and control ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FORECASTING RISK ASSESSMENT RISK MANAGEMENT EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES EUROPE PY - 2004 ST - Extreme weather and climate events and public health responses T2 - Report on a WHO meeting Bratislava, Slovakia 09–10 February 2004 TI - Extreme weather and climate events and public health responses ID - 3162 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - WHO A4 - Europe, WHO Regional Office for A2 - 8, Scherfigsvej A2 - DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark AB - This report summarizes the most recent information on the health effects of air pollution. It is based on the results of a comprehensive review of scientific evidence organized by the World Health Organization in support of air pollution policy development in Europe, and in particular the European Commission’s Clean Air for Europe (CAFE) programme. The review indicates that air pollution at current levels still poses a considerable burden on health in Europe. Many different adverse effects have been linked to exposure to air pollution, including an increased risk of cardiopulmonary disease and a reduction in life expectancy of a year or more for people living in European cities. Some of these effects occur at very low concentrations that were previously considered safe. Taken together, the evidence is sufficient to strongly recommend further policy action to reduce levels of air pollutants, including particulates, nitrogen dioxide and ozone. It is reasonable to assume that a reduction in air pollution will lead to considerable health benefits. AU - WHO CY - Copenhagen KW - AIR POLLUTANTS, ENVIRONMENTAL – adverse effects AIR POLLUTION – prevention and control RISK ASSESSMENT HEALTH POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE CHILD WELFARE EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES META-ANALYSIS EUROPE PY - 2004 SP - 23 ST - HEALTH ASPECTS OF AIR POLLUTION T2 - RESULTS FROM THE WHO PROJECT “SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF HEALTH ASPECTS OF AIR POLLUTION IN EUROPE” TI - HEALTH ASPECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ID - 3163 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Selbstverlag AU - (Hrsg.), WHO – World Health Organisation CY - Kopenhagen PY - 2005 ST - Heath and Climate Change TI - Heath and Climate Change ID - 3164 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - Europe, WHO AU - WHO_Europe CY - Kopenhagen ST - climate Change and Adaptation Strategies for Human health in Europe (cCASHh) TI - climate Change and Adaptation Strategies for Human health in Europe (cCASHh) ID - 3165 ER - TY - GEN AU - WHO_Europe CY - Kopenhagen ST - EuroHEAT TI - EuroHEAT ID - 3166 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - WHO AU - WHO_Europe CY - Kopenhagen PY - 2005 ST - HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE: the “now and how” - A policy action guide TI - HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE: the “now and how” - A policy action guide ID - 3167 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Wichmann, V. CY - München/Wien PB - Profil Verlag PY - 2006 SE - 231 ST - Modellierung geomorphologischer Prozesse in einem alpinen Einzugsgebiet. Abgrenzung und Klassifikation der Wirkungsräume von Sturzprozessen und Muren mit einem GIS. T2 - Eichstätter Geographische Arbeiten TI - Modellierung geomorphologischer Prozesse in einem alpinen Einzugsgebiet. Abgrenzung und Klassifikation der Wirkungsräume von Sturzprozessen und Muren mit einem GIS. VL - 15 ID - 3168 ER - TY - THES AU - Widmann, Martin L. LB - widmann1996 PB - ETH Zürich PY - 1996 SP - 185 ST - Mesoscale variability and long-term trends of Alpine precipitation and their relation to the synoptic-scale flow TI - Mesoscale variability and long-term trends of Alpine precipitation and their relation to the synoptic-scale flow ID - 3169 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Widmann, Martin AU - Bretherton, Christopher S. LB - widm2001a PY - 2001 ST - Downscaling for Regional Precipitation over the Nordwestern United States using GCM-Simulated Precipitation as a predictor T2 - J. Climate TI - Downscaling for Regional Precipitation over the Nordwestern United States using GCM-Simulated Precipitation as a predictor ID - 3170 ER - TY - JOUR AU - WIEDERMANN, R. PY - 1995 SE - 133 SP - 133-134 ST - Pflanzensoziologisches Datenmanagement mittels PC-Programm HITAB5 T2 - Carinthia II TI - Pflanzensoziologisches Datenmanagement mittels PC-Programm HITAB5 VL - 53 ID - 3171 ER - TY - THES AU - L., Wielke PB - Universität Wien PY - 2002 ST - Dauer der Schneebedeckung in der Schweiz und in Österreich T2 - Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik TI - Dauer der Schneebedeckung in der Schweiz und in Österreich VL - Mag. ID - 3172 ER - TY - WEB AU - 31, Wiener Wasserwerke/MA M1 - 23.5.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.wien.gv.at/wienwasser/versorgung/brunnen.html ID - 3173 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wiener, A. K. LB - wien97 PY - 1997 SP - 151-164 ST - Phänologie und Wanderverhalten einer Knoblauchkröten-Population (Pelobates fuscus fuscus, Laurenti, 1768) auf der Wiener Donauinsel - ein Vergleich der Untersuchungsjahre 1986, 1987 und 1989 - 1995 T2 - Stapfia TI - Phänologie und Wanderverhalten einer Knoblauchkröten-Population (Pelobates fuscus fuscus, Laurenti, 1768) auf der Wiener Donauinsel - ein Vergleich der Untersuchungsjahre 1986, 1987 und 1989 - 1995 VL - 51 ID - 3174 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Considers the effects of scale using various examples and ways of dealing with scale. Outlines the definition of dependence on objectives and on organisations, and the domains of scale. Discusses the development of science in ecology and the development of a scaling theory which could generate testable hypotheses. -S.J.Yates AD - Dept. of Biology, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. AU - Wiens, J. A. DB - Scopus IS - 4 KW - scale spatial scale LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 1691 PY - 1989 SN - 02698463 SP - 385-397 ST - Spatial scaling in ecology T2 - Functional Ecology TI - Spatial scaling in ecology UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0024939275&partnerID=40&md5=5490cd700d7023785628bf113983e5ac VL - 3 ID - 3175 ER - TY - WEB AU - WienTourismus M1 - 15.8.2011 PY - 2009 ST - Wiener Gästebefragung 2004–2009. Im Rahmen des Tourismus-Monitors Austria (T-MONA) TI - Wiener Gästebefragung 2004–2009. Im Rahmen des Tourismus-Monitors Austria (T-MONA) UR - http://b2b.wien.info/de/statistik/marktforschung/gaestebefragung-2004-2009 ID - 3176 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Wiersema, G. PY - 1982 SP - 9-15 ST - Zur Wiedereinbürgerung des Alpensteinbockes. Jahrbuch des Vereins zum Schutz der Bergwelt. T2 - Jahrbuch des Vereins zum Schutz der Bergwelt TI - Zur Wiedereinbürgerung des Alpensteinbockes. ID - 3177 ER - TY - JOUR AU - WIERSEMA, G. PY - 1982 SP - 9-15. ST - Zur Wiedereinbürgerung des Alpensteinbockes. Jahrbuch des Vereins zum Schutz der Bergwelt. TI - Zur Wiedereinbürgerung des Alpensteinbockes. Jahrbuch des Vereins zum Schutz der Bergwelt ID - 3178 ER - TY - CONF AU - Wiersema, G. CY - Helsinki DA - 15.-20. August 1982 PY - 1984 ST - Seasonal use and quality assesment of ibex habitat. Acta Zool. Fennica T2 - Third International Theriological congress TI - Seasonal use and quality assesment of ibex habitat. Acta Zool. Fennica ID - 3179 ER - TY - JOUR AU - WIERSEMA, G. PY - 1984 ST - Seasonal use and quality assesment of ibex habitat. Acta Zool. Fennica. In: Proceedings of the Third International Theriological congress, Helsinki 15.-20. August 1982. TI - Seasonal use and quality assesment of ibex habitat. Acta Zool. Fennica. In: Proceedings of the Third International Theriological congress, Helsinki 15.-20. August 1982 ID - 3180 ER - TY - JOUR AU - WIERSEMA, G. und W. SCHRÖDER PY - 1983 SP - 226-230 ST - How to find Suitable Ibex Habitat Using Landsat Im-agery. S. Lovari ed.: The Biology and Management of Montain Ungulates. Croom Helm TI - How to find Suitable Ibex Habitat Using Landsat Im-agery. S. Lovari ed.: The Biology and Management of Montain Ungulates. Croom Helm ID - 3181 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Lovari, S. AU - Wiersema, G. AU - Schröder, W. PB - Croom Helm PY - 1983 SP - 226-230 ST - How to find Suitable Ibex Habitat Using Landsat Im-agery. S. Lovari ed.: The Biology and Management of Montain Ungulates. Croom Helm T2 - The Biology and Management of Montain Ungulates TI - How to find Suitable Ibex Habitat Using Landsat Imagery ID - 3182 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The altitudinal variation of precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff was quantified at 16 different grassland sites between 580 and 2550 m a.s.l. in the Austrian Alps. Along this altitudinal transect annual evapotranspiration decreased from roughly 690 mm at low elevation sites to 210-220 mm at the upper limit of the alpine grassland belt. A detailed analysis of the data showed that the observed reduction in the annual sum of evapotranspiration could be mainly explained by the altitudinal decline of the length of the snow-free period (i.e. the vegetation period). Daily mean sums of evapotranspiration showed no altitudinal trend and averaged 2.2 mm d -1 independent of elevation, although the leaf area index, growing season mean air temperature, and vapor pressure deficit declined with increasing altitude. As precipitation increased with elevation, evapotranspiration seems to be of secondary importance when compared to runoff. Inter-annual variability of evapotranspiration was fairly low across contrasting dry and wet years (coefficient of variation = 7%), indicating that even during dry years water availability was not limiting evapotranspiration. © 2008 Regents of the University of Colorado. AD - Department of Alpine Timberline Ecophysiology, Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape, Rennweg 1, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Institute of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria Wieser, G. Department of Alpine Timberline Ecophysiology, Federal Research and Training Centre for Forests, Natural Hazards and Landscape, Rennweg 1, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria email: Gerhard.Wieser@uibk.ac.at AU - Wieser, G. AU - Hammerle, A. AU - Wohlfahrt, G. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1657/1523-0430(07-039)[WIESER]2.0.CO;2 IS - 2 J2 - Arctic Antarct. Alp. Res. 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A2 - Heitzmann, K. A2 - Schenk, M. (Hrsg.) AU - Wiesinger, G. CY - Innsbruck PB - Studienverlag PY - 2009 ST - Armut im ländlichen Raum T2 - Handbuch Armut in Österreich TI - Armut im ländlichen Raum ID - 3185 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - Smeral, E. AB - Die Studie analysiert die wichtigsten Wettbewerbsdeterminanten für die Tourismusdestination Österreich und entwickelt darauf aufbauend einen Katalog tourismuspolitischer Maßnahmen, die es erlauben, die österreichischen Marktanteilsverluste einzudämmen und die Wettbewerbsposition zu verbessern. Kernstück der Wachstumsstrategie sind die Steigerung des Internationalisierungsgrades und die Forcierung des Ganzjahrestourismus durch die einheitliche Ausrichtung der Förder- und Forschungspolitik der relevanten tourimuspolitischen Entscheidungsträger. Die Koordination der tourismuspolitischen Aktivitäten könnte durch den Bund erfolgen, wobei dies in einem eigenen Tourismusgesetz geregelt werden sollte. AU - WIFO PB - Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit PY - 2007 ST - Tourismusstrategische Ausrichtung 2015: Weichenstellung im österreichischen Tourismus für mehr Wachstum und Beschäftigung TI - Tourismusstrategische Ausrichtung 2015: Weichenstellung im österreichischen Tourismus für mehr Wachstum und Beschäftigung ID - 3186 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wigley, T. M. L. AU - Jones, P. D. AU - Briffa, K. R. AU - Smith, G. IS - D2 LB - wigley1990 PY - 1990 SP - 1943-1953 ST - Obtaining sub-grid information from coarse-resolution general circulation model output T2 - J. Geophys. Res. TI - Obtaining sub-grid information from coarse-resolution general circulation model output VL - 95 ID - 3187 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wigley, T. M. L. AU - Jones, P. D. AU - Briffa, K. R. AU - Smith, G. 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LB - wilb1998a PY - 1998 SP - 2995-3008 ST - Statistical downscaling of general circulation model output: a comparison of different methods T2 - Water Resources Research TI - Statistical downscaling of general circulation model output: a comparison of different methods VL - 34 ID - 3190 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Wild, M. PY - 1953 SP - 121-176 ST - Die Entwicklung des großen Fichtenborkenkäfers Ips typographus L. im Hochschwarzwald (1000-1200 m ü.M.) und ihre Abhängigkeit vom Klima 1947-1950. T2 - Bericht Naturforsch. Ges. Freiburg i.Br. 43 TI - Die Entwicklung des großen Fichtenborkenkäfers Ips typographus L. im Hochschwarzwald (1000-1200 m ü.M.) und ihre Abhängigkeit vom Klima 1947-1950. ID - 3191 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilf, P. AU - Labandeira AU - C.C LB - wilf99 PY - 1999 SP - 2153-2156 ST - Response of plant-insect associations to Paleocene-Eocene warming T2 - Science TI - Response of plant-insect associations to Paleocene-Eocene warming VL - 28 ID - 3192 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilf, P. AU - Labandeira AU - C.C. LB - wilf99 PY - 1999 SP - 2153-2156 ST - Response of plant-insect associations to Paleocene-Eocene warming T2 - Science TI - Response of plant-insect associations to Paleocene-Eocene warming VL - 28 ID - 3193 ER - TY - JOUR AU - WILKE, S. PY - 1922 SP - 97-98 ST - Der Rüsselkäfer Tanymecus palliatus F., ein neuer Schädiger der Zuckerrübenfelder in Deutschland T2 - Nachrichtenbl. Dtsch. Pflanzenschutzd. TI - Der Rüsselkäfer Tanymecus palliatus F., ein neuer Schädiger der Zuckerrübenfelder in Deutschland VL - 2 ID - 3194 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilkes, D. S. LB - wilkes1995 N1 - StClB-Lit PY - 1995 SP - 467 ST - Statistical methods in the atmospheric sciences: An introduction T2 - Academic Press TI - Statistical methods in the atmospheric sciences: An introduction ID - 3195 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilks, D. S. LB - wilk92a PY - 1992 SP - 67--84 ST - Adapting stochastic weather generation algorithms for climate change studies T2 - Climatic Change TI - Adapting stochastic weather generation algorithms for climate change studies VL - 22 ID - 3196 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilks, D. S. LB - wilk1999b PY - 1999 SP - 153--169 ST - Interannual variability and extereme-value characteristics of several stochastic daily precipitation models T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Interannual variability and extereme-value characteristics of several stochastic daily precipitation models VL - 93 ID - 3197 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilks, D. S. LB - wilk99a PY - 1999 SP - 85--101 ST - Simultaneous stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature and solar radiation at multiple sites in complex terrain T2 - Agric. Forest Meteorol. TI - Simultaneous stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature and solar radiation at multiple sites in complex terrain VL - 96 ID - 3198 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilks, D. S. AU - Wilby, R. L. LB - wilk1999a PY - 1999 SP - 39--357 ST - The weather generator game: A review of stochastic weather models. T2 - Progress in in Physical Geography TI - The weather generator game: A review of stochastic weather models VL - 23 ID - 3199 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilks, D.S. LB - wilk92a PY - 1992 SP - 67--84 ST - Adapting stochastic weather generation algorithms for climate change studies T2 - Climatic Change TI - Adapting stochastic weather generation algorithms for climate change studies VL - 22 ID - 3200 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilks, D.S. LB - wilk1999b PY - 1999 SP - 153--169 ST - Interannual variability and extereme-value characteristics of several stochastic daily precipitation models T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology TI - Interannual variability and extereme-value characteristics of several stochastic daily precipitation models VL - 93 ID - 3201 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilks, D.S. LB - wilk99a PY - 1999 SP - 85--101 ST - Simultaneous stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature and solar radiation at multiple sites in complex terrain T2 - Agric. Forest Meteorol. TI - Simultaneous stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature and solar radiation at multiple sites in complex terrain VL - 96 ID - 3202 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Willems, J.H. PY - 1985 SP - 35-43 ST - Growth form spectra and species diversity in permanent grassland plots with different management T2 - Münstersche Geographische Arbeiten TI - Growth form spectra and species diversity in permanent grassland plots with different management VL - 20 ID - 3203 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Willems, J.H. IS - 2 PY - 2001 SP - 147-154 ST - Problems, approaches, and results in restoration of Dutch calcareous grassland during the last 30 years T2 - Restoration Ecology TI - Problems, approaches, and results in restoration of Dutch calcareous grassland during the last 30 years VL - 9 ID - 3204 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williams, D. W. AU - Liebhold AU - A.M LB - will02 PY - 2002 SP - 87-99 ST - Climate change and the outbreak range of two North American bark beetles T2 - Agr. For. Ent. TI - Climate change and the outbreak range of two North American bark beetles VL - 4 ID - 3205 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williams, D.W. AU - Liebhold AU - A.M. LB - will02 PY - 2002 SP - 87-99 ST - Climate change and the outbreak range of two North American bark beetles T2 - Agr. For. Ent. TI - Climate change and the outbreak range of two North American bark beetles VL - 4 ID - 3206 ER - TY - CHAP AN - 162 AU - Williams, J. CY - Colorado KW - EPIC N1 - 9780918334916 PB - Water Resources Publications PY - 1995 SP - 909 ST - The EPIC Model T2 - Computer models of watershed hydrology TI - The EPIC Model ID - 3207 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williams, R. S. AU - Norby AU - R.J AU - Lincoln AU - D.E LB - will98 PY - 1998 SP - 235-246 ST - Leaf age effects of elevated CO2-grown white oak on spring-feeding lepidopterans T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Leaf age effects of elevated CO2-grown white oak on spring-feeding lepidopterans VL - 4 ID - 3208 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williams, R. S. AU - Norby AU - R.J AU - Lincoln AU - D.E LB - will00 PY - 2000 SP - 685-695 ST - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature-grown red and sugar maple on gypsy moth performance T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature-grown red and sugar maple on gypsy moth performance VL - 6 ID - 3209 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williams, R.S. AU - Norby AU - R.J. AU - Lincoln AU - D.E. LB - will98 PY - 1998 SP - 235-246 ST - Leaf age effects of elevated CO2-grown white oak on spring-feeding lepidopterans T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Leaf age effects of elevated CO2-grown white oak on spring-feeding lepidopterans VL - 4 ID - 3210 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williams, R.S. AU - Norby AU - R.J. AU - Lincoln AU - D.E. LB - will00 PY - 2000 SP - 685-695 ST - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature-grown red and sugar maple on gypsy moth performance T2 - Global Change Biology TI - Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature-grown red and sugar maple on gypsy moth performance VL - 6 ID - 3211 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Williamson, M. LB - will96 PY - 1996 SP - 244 ST - Biological Invasions T2 - Chapman and Hall, London TI - Biological Invasions ID - 3212 ER - TY - JOUR AB - The aim of the Austrian Vegetation Database (GIVD ID EU-AT-001) is to gather computerised phytosociological information (vegetation relevés) from the territory of Austria. The data are stored in TURBOVEG format. Large parts of the database have been gathered between 1997 and 1999 and between 2001 and 2003 (partly funded by the Austrian Academy of Science). However, the database is still far from being complete. Especially, ruderal and weed communities and (semi-)aquatic vegetation is only insufficiently covered yet. 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LB - will98b PY - 1998 SP - 232-241 ST - Life-history responses of British grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) to temperature change T2 - Funct. Ecol. TI - Life-history responses of British grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) to temperature change VL - 12 ID - 3216 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Willows, R., Connell, R. (eds) PY - 2003 ST - Climate adaptation: Risk, uncertainty and decision-making T2 - UKCIP Technical Report TI - Climate adaptation: Risk, uncertainty and decision-making ID - 3217 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wilson, E. O. LB - wils92 PY - 1992 SP - 424 ST - The Diversity of Life T2 - W.W. Norton Company, New York, NY, USA TI - The Diversity of Life ID - 3218 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We examined the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in ecosystems using soil aggregate stability and C and N storage as representative ecosystem processes. We utilized a wide gradient in AMF abundance, obtained through long-term (17 and 6 years) large-scale field manipulations. Burning and N-fertilization increased soil AMF hyphae, glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) pools and water-stable macroaggregates while fungicide applications reduced AMF hyphae, GRSP and water-stable macroaggregates. We found that AMF abundance was a surprisingly dominant factor explaining the vast majority of variability in soil aggregation. This experimental field study, involving long-term diverse management practices of native multispecies prairie communities, invariably showed a close positive correlation between AMF hyphal abundance and soil aggregation, and C and N sequestration. This highly significant linear correlation suggests there are serious consequences to the loss of AMF from ecosystems. © 2009 Blackwell Publishing LtdCNRS. AD - Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany Department of Natural Resources, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States Wilson, G. W. T. Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States email: gail.wilson@okstate.edu AU - Wilson, G. W. T. AU - Rice, C. W. AU - Rillig, M. C. AU - Springer, A. AU - Hartnett, D. C. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01303.x IS - 5 J2 - Ecol. Lett. KW - Annual burning Extramatrical hyphae Fungicide Glomalin Grasslands N enrichment Tallgrass prairie carbon nitrogen abundance aggregate stability arbuscular mycorrhiza burning carbon sequestration fertilizer application fieldwork fungicide fungus macroaggregate management practice native species nitrogen cycle prairie protein soil aggregate soil ecosystem analysis of variance article biomass chemistry ecosystem microbiology mycorrhiza physiology soil United States Analysis of Variance Biomass Carbon Ecosystem Kansas Mycorrhizae Nitrogen Soil Soil Microbiology Arbuscular Fungi LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):87 CODEN: ECLEF PubMed ID: 19320689 Chemicals/CAS: carbon, 7440-44-0; nitrogen, 7727-37-9; Carbon, 7440-44-0; Nitrogen, 7727-37-9; Soil PY - 2009 SN - 1461023X SP - 452-461 ST - Soil aggregation and carbon sequestration are tightly correlated with the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Results from long-term field experiments T2 - Ecology Letters TI - Soil aggregation and carbon sequestration are tightly correlated with the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: Results from long-term field experiments UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-64149127091&partnerID=40&md5=4561ff6faa7e0b5904e2a2eb28d518cc VL - 12 ID - 3465 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wimmer, H. PY - 2006 ST - Katastrophenmanagement: 11. Österreichische Umweltrechtstage. Na-turkatastrophen und Störfälle, 2004, SONDERBEOBACHTUNGSDURCHGANG: HOCHWASSER 2002 – AUSWIRKUNGEN AUF DAS GRUNDWASSER IN SALZ-BURG, Erhebung der Wassergüte in Österreich – Jahresbericht 2004: Wien. TI - Katastrophenmanagement: 11. Österreichische Umweltrechtstage. Na-turkatastrophen und Störfälle, 2004, SONDERBEOBACHTUNGSDURCHGANG: HOCHWASSER 2002 – AUSWIRKUNGEN AUF DAS GRUNDWASSER IN SALZ-BURG, Erhebung der Wassergüte in Österreich – Jahresbericht 2004: Wien ID - 3219 ER - TY - GOVDOC AU - Wimmer, H. PY - 2006 TI - Katastrophenmanagement: 11. Österreichische Umweltrechtstage. Na-turkatastrophen und Störfälle, 2004, SONDERBEOBACHTUNGSDURCHGANG: HOCHWASSER 2002 – AUSWIRKUNGEN AUF DAS GRUNDWASSER IN SALZBURG, Erhebung der Wassergüte in Österreich – Jahresbericht 2004: Wien ID - 3220 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wimmer, R. IS - 4 PY - 1992 SE - 59 SP - 59-61 ST - Can increasing wood consumption help to mitigate the CO2-problem in Austria? T2 - Holzforschung und Holzverwertung TI - Can increasing wood consumption help to mitigate the CO2-problem in Austria? VL - 44 ID - 3499 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Winkelmayer, R., Vodnansky, M., Paulsen, P., Gansterer, A., Treml, F. PY - 2005 SP - 131 – 135. ST - Explorative study on the seroprevalence of Brucella-, Francisella-, and Leptospira antibodies in the European hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas) of Austrian - Czech border region. Vet. Med. Austria 92 TI - Explorative study on the seroprevalence of Brucella-, Francisella-, and Leptospira antibodies in the European hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas) of Austrian - Czech border region. Vet. Med. Austria 92 ID - 3221 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Winkelmayer, R. AU - Vodnansky, M. AU - Paulsen, P. AU - Gansterer, A. AU - Treml, F. M1 - 92 PB - Vet. Med. Austria PY - 2005 SP - 131 – 135 ST - Explorative study on the seroprevalence of Brucella-, Francisella-, and Leptospira antibodies in the European hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas) of Austrian - Czech border region TI - Explorative study on the seroprevalence of Brucella-, Francisella-, and Leptospira antibodies in the European hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas) of Austrian - Czech border region ID - 3222 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Winkler, J. A. AU - Paluikof, J. P. AU - Andresen, J. A. AU - Goodess, C. M. LB - wink1997a PY - 1997 SP - 2514-2532 ST - The simulation of daily temperature time series from GCM output. Part II: sensitivity analysis of an empirical transfer function methodology T2 - J. Climate TI - The simulation of daily temperature time series from GCM output. Part II: sensitivity analysis of an empirical transfer function methodology VL - 10 ID - 3223 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Winkler AU - W, D. AU - Dunn AU - O, P. AU - McCulloch AU - E, C. LB - win02 PY - 2002 SP - 13595-13599 ST - Predicting the effects of climate change on avian life-history traits T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Predicting the effects of climate change on avian life-history traits VL - 99 ID - 3224 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Winkler AU - W., D. AU - Dunn AU - O., P. AU - McCulloch AU - E., C. LB - win02 PY - 2002 SP - 13595-13599 ST - Predicting the effects of climate change on avian life-history traits T2 - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA TI - Predicting the effects of climate change on avian life-history traits VL - 99 ID - 3225 ER - TY - GEN AU - Baden-Württemberg, Wirtschaftministerium PY - 2008 ST - Städtebauliche Klimafibel Online TI - Städtebauliche Klimafibel Online UR - http://www.staedtebauliche-klimafibel.de/ ID - 3226 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Wischmeier, W.H. AU - Smith, D.D. PB - U.S. Government Printing Office PY - 1978 SP - 58 ST - Predicting rainfall erosion losses – a guide to conservation planning T2 - Agriculture Handbook Nr. 537 TI - Predicting rainfall erosion losses – a guide to conservation planning ID - 3227 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wissema, W. and R. Dellink PY - 2007 SP - 671-683. ST - GE analysis of the impact of a carbon energy tax on the Irish economy T2 - Ecological Economics TI - GE analysis of the impact of a carbon energy tax on the Irish economy VL - 61 ID - 3228 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Although habitat loss, fragmentation, and invasive species collectively pose the greatest threats to biodiversity, little theoretical or empirical research has addressed the effects of landscape structure-or spatial pattern more generally-on the spread of invasive species. Landscape ecology is the study of how spatial pattern affects ecological process. Thus, a landscape ecology of invasive spread involves understanding how spatial pattern, such as habitat fragmentation or resource distributions, affects the various stages of the invasion process. Landscape structure may affect the spread of invasive species and the invasibility of communities by (1) enhancing spread above some threshold level of landscape disturbance directly, or indirectly through landscape effects on dispersal vectors; (2) affecting the various stages of the invasion process (e.g., dispersal vs. population growth) in different, potentially contrasting, ways; (3) interacting with the distribution of invasive species to facilitate spread (e.g., nascent foci); (4) promoting or altering species interactions in ways that enhance the invasibility of communities (e.g., edge effects); (5) compromising the adaptive potential of native species to resist invasion, or-alternatively-enhancing the adaptive response of invasive species, in fragmented landscapes; and (6) interacting with the dynamics of the disturbance architecture to create spatiotemporal fluctuations in resource availability, which enhance system invasibility. Understanding the landscape ecology of invasive spread may thus afford new insights and opportunities for managing and restoring landscapes so as to control the spread of invasive species and minimize the invasibility of communities. AD - Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States With, K.A. Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States email: kwith@ksu.edu AU - With, K. A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01064.x IS - 5 J2 - Conserv. Biol. KW - biological invasion landscape ecology landscape structure spatial distribution LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996): 238 CODEN: CBIOE References: Allen, T.F.H., The landscape "level" is dead: Persuading the family to take it off the respirator (1998) Ecological Scale: Theory and Applications, pp. 35-54. , D. L. Petersen and V. T. Parker, editors. 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Ein Vorwort T2 - Wissenswert TI - Was ist nur mit den Werten? Ein Vorwort VL - 01 ID - 3559 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - Witzel, A. IS - 1 PY - 2000 SE - http://www.qualitative-research.net/index.php/fqs/article/view/1132/2519 [18.08.2009] ST - Das problemzentrierte Interview T2 - Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum Qualitative Social Research TI - Das problemzentrierte Interview VL - 1 ID - 3230 ER - TY - JOUR AU - WMO PY - 1999 SP - 3-5 ST - Climate and human health T2 - World Climate News TI - Climate and human health VL - 14 ID - 3231 ER - TY - RPRT AU - WMO CY - Geneva PB - World Meteorological Organization PY - 2007 ST - Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006 T2 - Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project TI - Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006 VL - 50 ID - 3232 ER - TY - GEN AU - Wöbse, K.H. CY - Stuttgart PY - 2002 ST - Landschaftsästhetik TI - Landschaftsästhetik ID - 3233 ER - TY - THES AU - WOHLLAIB, D. PY - 2004 ST - Probleme mit Virosen bei der Pflanzkartoffelvermehrung in Baden-Württemberg unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Sorte Selma T2 - Diplomarbeit an der Fachhochschule Nürtingen TI - Probleme mit Virosen bei der Pflanzkartoffelvermehrung in Baden-Württemberg unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Sorte Selma ID - 3234 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wöhrl, S. AU - Schnedl, J. AU - Auer, H. AU - Walochnik, J. AU - Stingl, G. AU - Geusau, A. DO - 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02311.x IS - 2 PY - 2008 SN - 1468-3083 SP - 258-259 ST - Successful treatment of a married couple for American leishmaniasis with miltefosine T2 - Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TI - Successful treatment of a married couple for American leishmaniasis with miltefosine UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02311.x VL - 22 ID - 3235 ER - TY - GEN AU - Wolf, M. CY - PIK Report (Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung) PY - 2007 SP - 107-131 ST - Tourismus T2 - KLARA – Klimawandel-Auswirkungen, Risken, Anpassung TI - Tourismus VL - 99 ID - 3236 ER - TY - GEN AU - Wolfslehner, G. AU - Hochbichler, E. CY - unveröffentlicht PB - ÖBf und Institut f. Waldbau PY - 2010 ST - Pflanzversuch mit Lärche und Fichte bei Verwendung wurzelnackter Pflanzen und Containerpflanzen in den nördlichen Kalkalpen. 1. Teilbericht TI - Pflanzversuch mit Lärche und Fichte bei Verwendung wurzelnackter Pflanzen und Containerpflanzen in den nördlichen Kalkalpen. 1. Teilbericht ID - 3237 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Recent studies have found associations between particulate air pollution and total and adult mortality. The relationship between particulate air pollution and mortality among infants has not been examined in the United States. This study evaluates the relationship between postneonatal infant mortality and particulate matter in the United States. Our study involved analysis of cohorts consisting of approximately 4 million infants born between 1989 and 1991 in states that report relevant covariates; this included 86 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States. Data from the National Center for Health Statistics-linked birth/infant death records were combined at the MSA level with measurements of particulate matter 10 microns or less (PM10) from the EPA's Aerometric Database. Infants were categorized as having high, medium, or low exposures based on tertiles of PM10. Total and cause-specific postneonatal mortality rates were examined using logistic regression to control for demographic and environmental factors. Overall postneonatal mortality rates were 3.1 among infants with low PM10 exposures, 3.5 among infants with medium PM10 exposures, and 3.7 among highly exposed infants. After adjustment for other covariates, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for total postneonatal mortality for the high exposure versus the low exposure group was 1.10 (1.04, 1.16). In normal birth weight infants, high PM10 exposure was associated with respiratory causes [OR = 1.40, (1.05, 1.85)] and sudden infant death syndrome [OR = 1.26, (1.14, 1.39)]. For low birth weight babies, high PM10 exposure was associated, but not significantly, with mortality from respiratory causes [OR = 1.18, (0.86, 1.61)]. This study suggests that particulate matter is associated with risk of postneonatal mortality. Continued attention should be paid to air quality to ensure optimal health of infants in the United States. AU - Woodruff, T.J. AU - Grillo, J. AU - K.C., Schoendorf IS - 6 KW - air pollution infant mortality particulateair polution postneonatal mortality PY - 1997 SP - 608-612 ST - The relationship between selected causes of postneonatal infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the United States T2 - Environ Health Perspect TI - The relationship between selected causes of postneonatal infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the United States VL - 105 ID - 3238 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Wooldridge, J.M. CY - Michigan PB - College Publishing PY - 2000 SE - 824 ST - Introductory Econometrics – A Modern Approach, South-Western TI - Introductory Econometrics – A Modern Approach, South-Western ID - 3500 ER - TY - CONF AU - World Health Organisation CY - Umea, Sweden DA - 1-2 june PY - 2004 ST - Informal discussion on Guidance on tularaemia T2 - WHO meeting TI - Informal discussion on Guidance on tularaemia ID - 3239 ER - TY - CONF AU - World Health Organisation CY - Bath, Uni DA - 14-15 september PY - 2003 ST - Improving public health preparedness for and response to the threat of epidemics: tularaemia network. Report of a WHO meeting, 14-15 september, Bath, Uni T2 - WHO meeting TI - Improving public health preparedness for and response to the threat of epidemics: tularaemia network ID - 3240 ER - TY - MGZN AU - Organization, World Meteorological CY - Geneva, Switzerland PB - World Meteorological Organization PY - 1975 SP - Abbildungs- und Tabellenverzeichnis ST - Drought and Agriculture T2 - WMO Technical Note TI - Drought and Agriculture VL - 138 ID - 3241 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Programme, World Tourism Organization & United Nations Environment CY - Madrid PY - 2008 ST - Climate Change and Tourism – Responding to Global Challenges TI - Climate Change and Tourism – Responding to Global Challenges ID - 3242 ER - TY - CONF AU - organizer), World Tourism Organization (convener and CY - Djerba, Tunisia PY - 2003 ST - Climate Change and Tourism T2 - Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Climate Change and Tourism TI - Climate Change and Tourism ID - 3243 ER - TY - CONF AU - organizer), World Tourism Organization (convener and CY - Davos, Switzerland PY - 2007 ST - Climate change and tourism responding to global challenges. T2 - Second International Conference on Climate Change and Tourism TI - Climate change and tourism responding to global challenges. ID - 3244 ER - TY - WEB A2 - Association, World Values Survey AU - Survey, World Values CY - Stockholm PY - 2009 ST - World Values Survey 2005 Official Data File v. 20090901 TI - World Values Survey 2005 Official Data File v. 20090901 ID - 3560 ER - TY - RPRT A3 - 28 AU - Wotawa, G. AU - Seibert, P. AU - Kromp-Kolb, H. AU - Hirschberg, M. PB - Institut für Meteorologie und Physik, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2000 ST - Verkehrsbedingte Stickoxid-Belastung im inntal: Einfluss meteorologischer und topografischer Faktoren T2 - Endbericht zum Projekt Nr. 6983 "Analyse der Schadstoffbelastung im Inntal" des Jubiläumsfonds der Östereichischen Nationalbank TI - Verkehrsbedingte Stickoxid-Belastung im inntal: Einfluss meteorologischer und topografischer Faktoren ID - 3245 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Woth, Katja LB - woth2001a M3 - GKSS-Report N1 - mastersthesis PB - University of Trier PY - 2001 RP - mastersthesis SN - 28 SP - 101 ST - Abschätzung einer zukünftigen Niederschlagsentwicklung mit statistischen Methoden unter Einbezug räumlicher Differenzierungsverfahren am Beispiel des südwesteuropäischen Raums TI - Abschätzung einer zukünftigen Niederschlagsentwicklung mit statistischen Methoden unter Einbezug räumlicher Differenzierungsverfahren am Beispiel des südwesteuropäischen Raums ID - 3246 ER - TY - GEN AU - Wotha, Brigitte. CY - Kiel PB - Geographisches Institut der Universität Kiel (Hrsg.) PY - 2000 ST - Gender Planning und Verwaltungshandeln, Umsetzung von Genderbelangen in der räumlichen Planung - unter Berücksichtigung von Verwaltungsmodernisierung und neuer Tendenzen im Planungsbereich TI - Gender Planning und Verwaltungshandeln, Umsetzung von Genderbelangen in der räumlichen Planung - unter Berücksichtigung von Verwaltungsmodernisierung und neuer Tendenzen im Planungsbereich VL - Kieler Arbeitspapiere zur Landeskunde und Raumordnung 42/2000 ID - 3664 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Seasonal measurements of soil microbial biomass, nematode trophic groups, net N-mineralization, net nitrification, net ammonification, litter decomposition, and soil respiration rates were examined to assess the effects of rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum L.) removal and hurricane windthrow upon these factors. Comparisons of pre- and post-disturbance quantities of soil microbial biomass carbon ranged from 503 to 1080 μg C g soil-1 and microbial biomass nitrogen ranged from 67 to 169 μg total persulfate nitrogen g soil-1, showing no significant differences or trends in response to these disturbance events. Total nematode abundance ranged from 13.05 to 54.31 nematodes g soil-1 and showed no significant differences in response to these disturbance events, although overall nematode abundance was declining in the disturbed plots at the end of the study. Nematode trophic structure was fairly consistent across both sites and all sampling dates and exhibited no discernible trends in response to these disturbance events. Rates of net N-mineralization, nitrification, and ammonification exhibited greater variability, post-disturbance. Litter decomposition rates and soil respiration rates decreased following the disturbance events, with respiration rates in the Cut plot being significantly higher across years. Overall, the effects of these disturbance events upon soil properties were highly variable and were unrelated to the major increases in N loss that were detected from deeper soil horizons following the hurricane windthrow event. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. AD - University of Georgia, Institute of Ecology, Ecology Annex, Athens, GA 30602, United States Wright, C.J. University of Georgia, Institute of Ecology, Ecology Annex, Athens, GA 30602, United States email: wright.christina@epa.gov AU - Wright, C. J. AU - Coleman, D. C. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/S0038-0717(01)00128-6 IS - 1 J2 - Soil Biol. Biochem. KW - Disturbance events Litter decomposition Nematode trophic groups Nitrogen mineralization Rhododendron maximum L Soil microbial biomass decomposition disturbance mineralization nematode nitrogen soil biota soil property United States Nematoda Rhododendron Rhododendron maximum LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):23 CODEN: SBIOA References: Aber, J.D., Melillo, J.M., Litter decomposition: Measuring relative contributions of organic matter and nitrogen to forest soils (1980) Canadian Journal of Botany, 58, pp. 416-421; Adams, M., Attiwill, P., Nutrient cycling and nitrogen mineralization in eucalypt forests of south-eastern Australia. I. Nutrient cycling and nitrogen turnover (1986) Plant and Soil, 92, pp. 339-341; Adams, M., Attiwill, P., Nutrient cycling and nitrogen mineralization in eucalypt forests of south-eastern Australia. II. Indices of nitrogen mineralization (1986) Plant and Soil, 92, pp. 341-362; Blair, J.M., Nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus dynamics in decomposing deciduous leaf litter in the southern Appalachians (1988) Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 20, pp. 693-701; Blair, J.M., Parmelee, R.W., Beare, M.H., Decay rates, nitrogen fluxes, and decomposer communities of single- and mixed-species foliar litter (1990) Ecology, 71, pp. 1976-1985; Bloemers, G.F., Hodda, M., Lambshead, P.J.D., Lawton, J.H., Wanless, F.R., The effects of forest disturbance on diversity of tropical soil nematodes (1997) Oecologia, 111, pp. 575-582; Bormann, B.T., Spaltenstein, H., McClellan, M.H., Ugolini, F.C., Cromack Jr., K., Nay, S.M., Rapid soil development after windthrow disturbance in pristine forests (1995) Journal of Ecology, 83, pp. 747-757; Bormann, F.H., Likens, G.E., (1979) Patterns and Process in a Forested Ecosystem: Disturbance Development and the Steady State Based on the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, p. 253. , Springer-Verlag, New York; Bormann, F.H., Likens, G.E., Siccama, T.G., Pierce, R.S., Eaton, J.S., The export of nutrients and recovery of stable conditions following deforestation at Hubbard Brook (1974) Ecological Monographs, 44, pp. 255-277; Bosatta, E., Staaf, H., The control of nitrogen turn-over in forest litter (1982) Oikos, 39, pp. 143-151; Boyce, S.G., Martin, W.H., The future of terrestrial communities in the southeastern Coastal Plain (1993) Biodiversity of the Southeastern United States: Upland Terrestrial Communities, pp. 339-366. , Martin, W.H., Boyce, S.G., Echternacht, A.C. (Eds.). Wiley, New York; Cabrera, M.L., Beare, M.H., Alkaline persulfate oxidation for determining total nitrogen in microbial biomass extracts (1993) Soil Science Society of America Journal, 57, pp. 1007-1012; Coleman, D.C., Crossley Jr., D.A., (1996) Fundamentals of Soil Ecology, p. 205. , Academic Press Inc, San Diego; Dighton, J., Coleman, D.C., Phosphorus relations of roots and mycorrhizas of Rhododendron maximum L. in the southern Appalachians, North Carolina (1992) Mycorrhiza, 1, pp. 175-184; Greenberg, C.H., McNab, W.H., Forest disturbance in hurricane-related downbursts in the Appalachian mountains of North Carolina (1998) Forest Ecology and Management, 104, pp. 179-191; Hendricksen, O.Q., Chatarpaul, L., Burgess, D., Nutrient cycling following whole-tree and conventional harvest in northern mixed forest (1989) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 19, pp. 725-735; Huhta, V., Succession in the spider communities of the forest floor after a clear-cutting and prescribed burning (1971) Ann. Zooologia Fennici, 8, pp. 483-542; Huhta, V., Effects of clear-cutting on numbers, biomass and community respiration of soil invertebrates (1976) Ann. Zooologia Fennici, 13, pp. 63-80; Huhta, V., Karppinen, E., Nurminen, M., Valpas, A., Further notes on the effect of silvicultural practices upon arthropod, annelid, and nematode populations in coniferous forest soil (1967) Ann. Zooologia Fennici, 4, pp. 87-143; Johnson, C.E., Soil nitrogen status 8 years after whole-tree clear-cutting (1995) Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 25, pp. 1346-1355; Likens, G.E., Bormann, F.H., Johnson, N.M., Fisher, D.W., Pierce, R.S., Effects of forest cutting and herbicide treatment on nutrient budgets in the Hubbard Brook watershed-ecosystem (1970) Ecological Monographs, 40, pp. 23-47; Martin, C.W., Pierce, R.S., Likens, G.E., Bormann, F.H., (1986) Clearcutting Affects Stream Chemistry in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, , Research Paper NE 579. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Broomall, Pennsylvania, USA; Maxwell, R.A., Coleman, D.C., Seasonal dynamics of nematode and microbial biomass in soils of riparian-zone forests of the southern Appalachians (1995) Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 27, pp. 79-84; Melillo, J.M., Aber, J.D., Muratore, J.F., Nitrogen and lignin control of hardwood leaf litter decomposition dynamics (1982) Ecology, 63, pp. 621-626; Monk, C.D., McGinty, D.T., Day Jr., F.P., The ecological importance of Kalmia Latifolia and Rhododendron maximum in the deciduous forests of the southern Appalachians (1985) Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 112, pp. 187-193; Peterson, T.A., Mueller, W.C., Englander, L., Anatomy and ultrastructure of a Rhododendron root-fungus association (1980) Canadian Journal of Botany, 58, pp. 2422-2433; Ruel, J.-C., Understanding windthrow: Silvicultural implications (1995) The Forestry Chronicle, 71, pp. 434-445; (1989) SAS Statistical Package version 6.12, , SAS Institute Inc, Cary, North Carolina, USA; Seastedt, T.R., Crossley Jr., D.A., Microarthropod response following cable logging and clear-cutting in the southern Appalachians (1981) Ecology, 62, pp. 126-135; Smith, D.W., Linnartz, W.E., The southern hardwoods region (1995) Regional Silviculture of the United States, pp. 145-230. , Barrett, J.W. (Ed.). Wiley, New York; Smith, J.L., Paul, E.A., The significance of soil biomass estimations (1990) Soil Biochemistry, pp. 357-396. , Bollag, J.M., Stotzky, G. (Eds.). Marcel Dekker, New York; Sohlenius, B., Short-term influence of clear-cutting on abundance of soil-microfauna (Nematoda Rotatoria, and Tardigrada) in a Swedish pine forest soil (1982) Journal of Applied Ecology, 19, pp. 349-359; Ulanova, N.G., The effects of windthrow on forests at different spatial scales: A review (2000) Forest Ecology and Management, 135, pp. 155-167; Ursic, S.J., Hydrologic effects of clearcutting and stripcutting on loblolly pine in the coastal plain (1991) Water Resources Bulletin, 27, pp. 925-937; Vance, E.D., Brookes, P.C., Jenkinson, D.S., An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass C (1987) Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 19, pp. 703-707; Voroney, R.P., Paul, E.A., Determination of Kc and Kn in situ for calibration of the chloroform fumigation-incubation method (1984) Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 16, pp. 9-14; Wright, C.J., Coleman, D.C., The effects of disturbance events on labile phosphorus fractions and total organic phosphorus in the southern Appalachians (1999) Soil Science, 164, pp. 391-402; Wright, C.J., Coleman, D.C., Cross-site comparison of soil microbial biomass, soil nutrient status, and nematode trophic groups (2000) Pedobiologia, 44, pp. 2-23; Yang, H.R., Wang, S., Chemical studies of Rhododendron habanshanense I. The isolation and identification of four phenolic components (1978) Acta Botanica Sinica, 20, pp. 355-359; Yeakley, J.A., Meyer, J.L., Swank, W.T., Hillslope nutrient flux during near-stream vegetation removal I. A multi-scaled modeling design (1994) Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 77, pp. 229-246; Yeates, G.W., Soil nematodes in terrestrial ecosystems (1979) Journal of Nematology, 11, pp. 213-229; Yeates, G.W., Bongers, T., DeGoede, R.G.M., Freckman, D.W., Gorgieva, S.S., Feeding habits in soil nematode families and genera - An outline for soil ecologists (1993) Journal of Nematology, 25, pp. 315-331; Yeates, G.W., Saggar, S., Daly, B.K., Soil microbial C, N, and P, and microfaunal populations under Pinus radiata and grazed pasture land-use systems (1997) Pedobiologia, 41, pp. 549-565 PY - 2002 SN - 00380717 SP - 13-25 ST - Responses of soil microbial biomass, nematode trophic groups, N-mineralization, and litter decomposition to disturbance events in the southern Appalachians T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry TI - Responses of soil microbial biomass, nematode trophic groups, N-mineralization, and litter decomposition to disturbance events in the southern Appalachians UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036163901&partnerID=40&md5=c5726703dc046d202e632cad149e29b9 VL - 34 ID - 3466 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wright, D. PY - 1990 SP - 189-194 ST - Human Impacts on the Energy Flow through Natural Ecosystems, and Implications for Species Endangerment. T2 - Ambio TI - Human Impacts on the Energy Flow through Natural Ecosystems, and Implications for Species Endangerment. VL - 19(4) ID - 3247 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wright, D. PY - 1990 SP - 19(4), 189-194 ST - Human Impacts on the Energy Flow through Natural Ecosystems, and Implications for Species Endangerment. Ambio. TI - Human Impacts on the Energy Flow through Natural Ecosystems, and Implications for Species Endangerment. Ambio ID - 3248 ER - TY - CONF AU - WTO PB - WTO PY - 2003 ST - Climate Change and Tourism T2 - 1st International Conference on Climate Change and Tourism TI - Climate Change and Tourism ID - 3249 ER - TY - THES AU - Wurm, G. CY - Wien PB - Universität für Bodenkultur Wien PY - 2009 SP - 123 ST - Abschätzung des langjährigen Bodenabtrages in einem kleinen landwirtschaftlich genutzten Einzugegebiet mit Hilfe von GeoWEPP T2 - Institut für Hydraulik und landeskulturelle Wasserwirtschaft TI - Abschätzung des langjährigen Bodenabtrages in einem kleinen landwirtschaftlich genutzten Einzugegebiet mit Hilfe von GeoWEPP VL - Mag. ID - 3250 ER - TY - RPRT AU - (Hrsg.), WWF PY - 2007 ST - Kosten des Klimawandels - Die Wirkung steigender Temperaturen auf Gesundheit und Leistungsfähigkeit. 2007 TI - Kosten des Klimawandels - Die Wirkung steigender Temperaturen auf Gesundheit und Leistungsfähigkeit. 2007 UR - http://www.wwf.de/presse/details/news/hitze_drueckt_sozialprodukt/ (abgerufen am 28.02.2013) ID - 3251 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Plant-soil relationships in the surface soil layer affect other processes in agroecosystems, including crop productivity, nitrate leaching and plant pest interactions. This study investigated the effect of altering surface soil dynamics, using a winter cover crop rotation, on biotic and abiotic characteristics of the soil profile. Two cover crop treatments, phacelia and Merced rye (Phacelia tanacetifolia cv. 'Phaci', and Secale cereale cv. 'Merced'), with a fallow control, were planted in November after harvest of a broccoli crop on a commercial farm site, and were incorporated using reduced tillage techniques the following March. Changes in plant and soil N pools throughout the profile were described, emphasizing nitrate (NO3/N) leaching during winter, and N availability during the subsequent broccoli crop. Changes in other aspects of the ecosystem, such as plant pest interactions and plant disease incidence, were monitored after cover crop incorporation. The on-farm economic costs of cover cropping were calculated. There was a 65-70% reduction in nitrate leaching from the cover-cropped plots compared with the fallow control during winter, because plant roots in the surface soil removed N and water that would have otherwise been lost from the profile. Incorporation caused sudden large surges in inorganic N pools, net mineralizable N, and microbial biomass N and C in the surface soil, which subsided within 6 weeks, by the time the broccoli crop was planted, but which did result in increased yield at harvest in the phacelia cover-cropped treatment. No insect or disease problems which threatened the cash crops were introduced or increased as a result of the cover crops. The economic analysis indicated that the costs of cover cropping were minor compared with conventional winter management of fallowed fields, and compared with the cost of producing broccoli. The cover crops therefore provided a clear advantage during winter by significantly reducing nitrate leaching, but the effects of one cover crop rotation on subsequent nutrient dynamics in the surface soil were mostly short-lived and possibly masked by large fertilizer applications. AD - Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States Univ. of California Coop. Extension, 1432 Abbott St., Salinas, CA 93901, United States Department of Agricultural Economics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States c/o USDA-ARS, 1636 E. Alisal St., Salinas, CA 93905, United States Wyland, L.J. USDA-ARS, 1636 E. Alisal St., Salinas, CA 93905, United States AU - Wyland, L. J. AU - Jackson, L. E. AU - Chaney, W. E. AU - Klonsky, K. AU - Koike, S. T. AU - Kimple, B. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1016/0167-8809(96)01048-1 IS - 1-2 J2 - AGRIC. ECOSYST. ENVIRON. KW - Broccoli Economic analysis Gover crops Microbial biomass Nitrate leaching Nutrient availability Plant pest interactions cover crop cropping system leaching nitrate nitrate leaching phacelia rye soil water Brassica oleracea italica Brassicaceae Hydrophyllaceae Phacelia tanacetifolia Poaceae Secale cereale LA - English N1 - Cited By (since 1996):72 CODEN: AEEND References: Aulakh, M.S., Doran, J.W., Mosier, A.R., Soil denitrification - Significance, measurement, and the effects of management (1992) Adv. Soil Sci., 58, pp. 1-57; Barbee, G.C., Brown, K.W., Comparison between suction and free drainage soil solution samplers (1986) Soil Sci., 141, pp. 149-154; Berry, R.E., (1981) Sampling for Soil Insect Pests, an Inexpensive Way to Build a Berlese Funnel. Publ. 1079, , Oregon State University Extension Service, Corvallis, OR, 4 pp; Brookes, P.C., Landman, A., Pruden, G., Jenkinson, D.S., Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: A rapid direct extraction method to measure microbial biomass nitrogen in soil (1985) Soil Biol. Biochem., 17, pp. 837-842; Bugg, R.L., Phatak, S.C., Dutcher, J.D., Insects associated with cool-season cover crops in southern Georgia - Implications for pest control in truck-farm and pecan agroecosystems (1990) Biol. Agric. Hortic., 7, pp. 17-45; Burke, I.C., Yonker, C.M., Parton, W.J., Cole, C.V., Flach, K., Schimel, D.S., Texture, climate, and cultivation effects on soil organic matter content in U.S. Grassland Soils (1989) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 53, pp. 800-805; Cambardella, C.A., Elliott, E.T., Particulate soil organic matter changes across a grassland cultivation sequence (1992) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 56, pp. 777-783; Cambardella, C.A., Elliott, E.T., Carbon and nitrogen dynamics of soil organic matter fractions from cultivated grassland soils (1994) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 58, pp. 123-130; Campbell, C.A., Soil organic carbon, nitrogen and fertility (1978) Soil Organic Matter. Developments in Soil Science 8, pp. 173-271. , M. Schnitzer and S.U. Khan (Editors), Elsevier, Amsterdam; Campbell, C.A., Biederbeck, V.O., Soil bacterial changes as affected by growing season weather conditions: A field and laboratory study (1976) Can. J. Soil Sci., 56, pp. 293-310; Carlson, R.M., Automated separation and conductimetric determination of ammonia and dissolved carbon dioxide (1978) Anal. Chem., 50, pp. 1528-1532; Carlson, R.M., Continuous flow reduction of nitrate to ammonium with granular zinc (1986) Anal. Chem., 58, pp. 1590-1591; Carpenter, E.J., Cosby, S.W., (1925) Soil Survey of the Salinas Area, California, , Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, USDA; Carter, M.R., Rennie, D.A., Dynamics of soil microbial biomass N under zero and shallow tillage for spring wheat, using 15N urea (1984) Plant Soil, 76, pp. 157-164; Cook, R.J., Baker, K.F., The nature and practice of biological control of plant pathogens (1983) Am. Phytopathol. Soc., , St Paul, MN; Dillard, H.R., Grogan, R.G., Influence of green manure crops and lettuce on sclerotial populations of Sclerotinia minor (1985) Plant Dis., 69, pp. 579-582; Doran, J.W., Soil microbial and biochemical changes associated with reduced tillage (1980) Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 44, pp. 765-771; Doran, J.W., Microbial biomass and mineralizable nitrogen distributions in no-tillage and plowed soils (1987) Biol. Fertil. Soils, 5, pp. 68-75; Doran, J.W., Smith, M.S., Role of cover crops in nitrogen cycling (1991) Cover Crops for Clean Water. 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CY - Basel, Switzerland PY - 1962 ST - Pests of crops in warm climates and their control T2 - CTA TI - Pests of crops in warm climates and their control ID - 3252 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Wytrzens, H.K. AU - Mayer, C. IS - 4 PY - 1999 SP - 251-261 ST - Multiple Use of Alpine Grassland in Austria and the Implications for Agricultural Policy T2 - Die Bodenkultur TI - Multiple Use of Alpine Grassland in Austria and the Implications for Agricultural Policy VL - 50 ID - 3253 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Xoplaki, E. AU - Luterbacher, J. AU - Burkard, R. AU - Patrikas, I. AU - Maheras, P. DA - March LB - xopl00a N1 - Es wird Zusammenhang zwischen GPH500 (30-70N,30W-50E) und der saisonalen winterniederschlagssumme in 23 Station über Griechenland untersucht; (dh. ein winterwert (DJF) pro jahr da fuer griechenland nur diese saison den massgeblichen niederschlagsanteil fuers ganze jahr bringt); die ersten 5 EOF vom 500hPa GPH feld in die CCA Periode: 1958-1994; Methode: CCA; es scheint ein guter Zusammenhang zwischen grossräumiger Zirkulation und lokal beobachtetem Niederschlag zubestehen (steht so im Artikel). Es wurde aber kein Downscaling durchgeführt, nur allg. statistische Zusammenhänge beschrieben. PY - 2000 SP - 129 -- 146 ST - Connection between the large-scale 500hPa geopotential height fields and precipitaton over Greece during wintertime T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Connection between the large-scale 500hPa geopotential height fields and precipitaton over Greece during wintertime VL - 14 ID - 3254 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Wan, E.P., Xu, X.R. (Eds.) AU - Yang, M.H. AU - Zhang, J.Q. CY - Beijing, China PB - Chinese Science and Technology Press PY - 1996 SP - 196–218 ST - Assessment and regionalization of meteorological disaster to maize in Jilin province, China T2 - Prediction and Monitoring of Maize Yield by Remote Sensing in China TI - Assessment and regionalization of meteorological disaster to maize in Jilin province, China ID - 3255 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Yarnal, B. LB - yarnal1993b PB - Belhaven Press PY - 1993 SP - 195 ST - Synoptic climatology in environmental analysis T2 - Studies in climatology series TI - Synoptic climatology in environmental analysis ID - 3256 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Yarnal, Brent CY - London KW - Climatology Statistics Wetterlagen LB - yarnal1993 PB - Belhaven Press PY - 1993 SP - 195 pp. ST - Synoptic climatology in environmental analysis T2 - Studies in Climatology Series TI - Synoptic climatology in environmental analysis ID - 3257 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yohe, G. W. AU - Schlesinger, M. E. 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LB - yoo02 PY - 2002 SP - 100-112 ST - Trends and fluctuations in the dates of ice break-up of lakes and rivers in Northern Europe: the effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation T2 - Journal of Hydrology TI - Trends and fluctuations in the dates of ice break-up of lakes and rivers in Northern Europe: the effect of the North Atlantic Oscillation VL - 26 ID - 3260 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Young, K. C. LB - youn94a PY - 1994 SP - 661--671 ST - A multivariate chain model for simulating climatic parameters from daily data T2 - J. Appl. Mereorol. TI - A multivariate chain model for simulating climatic parameters from daily data VL - 33 ID - 3261 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yukawa, J. LB - yuka00 PY - 2000 SP - 105-113 ST - Synchronization of gallers with host plant phenology T2 - Population Ecology TI - Synchronization of gallers with host plant phenology VL - 42 ID - 3262 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Even though drought is difficult to define precisely, rainfall is the most widely used indicator of drought. This paper presents a methodology on modeling of the agricultural drought duration. For this purpose, study area was divided into four hydrologic homogeneous sections as W, CN, CS and E. To constitute the monthly time series of each section, the number of days in each month in which daily rainfall was less than the water consumption of the critical crop was assumed to be drought periods. Then, constituted monthly time series of drought durations of each hydrologic homogeneous section was simulated using ARIMA model. No linear trend was observed for the time series except that of the CS section. In general, the predicted data from the selected best models for the time series of each section represents the actual data of that section. AU - Yurekli, K. AU - Kurunc, A. IS - 4 KW - Rainfall Crop water consumption ARIMA model Agricultural drought period Critical crop Hydrologic homogeneous section N1 - doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.03.026 PY - 2006 SN - 0140-1963 SP - 629-640 ST - Simulating agricultural drought periods based on daily rainfall and crop water consumption T2 - Journal of Arid Environments TI - Simulating agricultural drought periods based on daily rainfall and crop water consumption UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140196306001248 VL - 67 ID - 3263 ER - TY - GEN AU - Z.A LB - za03 PY - 2003 ST - Die 1990er Jahre: Änderung der Lufttemperatur gegenüber 1961 - 1990 TI - Die 1990er Jahre: Änderung der Lufttemperatur gegenüber 1961 - 1990 ID - 3264 ER - TY - GEN AU - Z.A. LB - za03 PY - 2003 ST - Die 1990er Jahre: Änderung der Lufttemperatur gegenüber 1961 - 1990 TI - Die 1990er Jahre: Änderung der Lufttemperatur gegenüber 1961 - 1990 ID - 3265 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zabransky LB - zabr15 PY - 1915 SP - 245 ST - Mitteilungen Naturwiss T2 - Ver. f. Steiermark TI - Mitteilungen Naturwiss VL - 52 ID - 3266 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zabransky LB - zabr15 PY - 1915 SP - 245 ST - Mitteilungen Naturwiss T2 - Ver. f. Steiermark TI - Mitteilungen Naturwiss VL - 52 ID - 3267 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zahner, H. AU - Bauer, C. IS - 3 PY - 2004 SN - 1434-1239 SP - 190-192 ST - Leishmaniose bei Hunden in Deutschland – Ergebnisse einer Umfrage unter praktischen Tierärzten T2 - Tierärztliche Praxis Kleintiere TI - Leishmaniose bei Hunden in Deutschland – Ergebnisse einer Umfrage unter praktischen Tierärzten VL - 77 ID - 3268 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ZAMG UR - http://www.zamg.ac.at ID - 3269 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - ZAMG PB - Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics PY - 2012 ST - Climate data Austria between 1971 – 2000 TI - Climate data Austria between 1971 – 2000 UR - http://www.zamg.ac.at/fix/klima/oe71-00/klima2000/klimadaten_oesterreich_1971_frame1.htm(abgerufen am 14.03.2013) ID - 3270 ER - TY - GEN AU - ZAMG PB - Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics PY - 2012 ST - Extreme weather report TI - Extreme weather report ID - 3271 ER - TY - GEN AU - ZAMG PB - Central Institute for Meteorology and Geody-namics PY - 2012 ST - Surface synoptic observations TI - Surface synoptic observations ID - 3272 ER - TY - EJOUR AU - ZAMG CY - Wien PB - Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics PY - 2012 ST - Wind risk and wind energy potential TI - Wind risk and wind energy potential UR - http://wms1.zamg.ac.at/beauvort/index.php (abgerufen am 14.03.2013) ID - 3273 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - De Boodt, M., and D. Gabriels (eds.) AU - Zanchi, C. AU - Torri, D. PB - John Wiley and Sons PY - 1981 SP - 133-142 ST - Evaluation of rainfall energy in central Italy T2 - Assessment of Erosion TI - Evaluation of rainfall energy in central Italy ID - 3274 ER - TY - BLOG AU - Zanella A, Jabiol B, Ponge JF, Sartori G, De Waal R, Van Delft B, Graefe UN, Cools N, Katzensteiner K, Hager H, Englisch M, Brethes A, Broll G, Gobat JM, Brun JJ, Milbert G, Kolb E, Wolf U, Frizzera L, Galvan P, Kolli R, Baritz R, Kemmers R, Vacca A, Serra G, Banas D, Garlato A, Chersich S, Klimo E, Langohr R. PY - 2011 ST - European humus forms reference base. hal-005496, version 2 TI - European humus forms reference base. hal-005496, version 2 UR - http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00541496 [Accessed 26.08.2013] ID - 3468 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In this study, we provide a detailed analysis of tree growth and water status in relation to climate of three major species of forest trees in lower regions of Bavaria, Southern Germany: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and common oak (Quercus robur). Tree-ring chronologies and latewood δ 13C were used to derive measures for drought reaction across trees of different dimensions: growth reduction associated with drought years, long-term growth/climate relations and stomatal control on photosynthesis. For Scots pine, growth/climate relations indicated a stronger limitation of radial growth by high summer temperatures and low summer precipitation in smaller trees in contrast to larger trees. This is corroborated by a stronger stomatal control on photosynthesis for smaller pine trees under average conditions. In dry years, however, larger pine trees exhibited stronger growth reductions. For Norway spruce, a significantly stronger correlation of tree-ring width with summer temperatures and summer precipitation was found for larger trees. Additionally, for Norway spruce there is evidence for a change in competition mode from size-asymmetric competition under conditions with sufficient soil water supply to a more size-symmetric competition under dry conditions. Smaller oak trees showed a weaker stomatal control on photosynthesis under both dry and average conditions, which is also reflected by a significantly faster recovery of tree-ring growth after extreme drought events in smaller oak trees. The observed patterns are discussed in the context of the limitation-caused matter partitioning hypothesis and possible species-specific ontogenetic modifications. © 2011 Springer-Verlag. AD - Ecoclimatology, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany Institute of Advanced Studies, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany Faculty for Forestry, University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 3, 85354 Freising, Germany Zang, C. Ecoclimatology, Technische Universität München, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany email: christian.zang@wzw.tum.de AU - Zang, C. AU - Pretzsch, H. AU - Rothe, A. DB - Scopus DO - 10.1007/s00468-011-0617-z IS - 2 J2 - Trees Struct. Funct. KW - Drought stress Intraspecific competition Size-growth relationship Stable isotopes Stress response Drought Ecology Isotopes Photosynthesis Soil moisture Water supply Forestry Bavaria Competition Growth Moisture Content Picea Abies Pinus Sylvestris Quercus Soil Stresses Water Supply Picea abies Pinus sylvestris Quercus robur LA - English N1 - CODEN: TRESE References: Abrams, M.D., Mostoller, S.A., Drought-year gas exchange, leaf structure and nitrogen in contrasting successional tree species in high and low light environments (1995) Tree Physiol, 15, pp. 361-370; Abrams, M.D., Ruffner, C., Morgan, T., Tree-ring responses to drought across species and contrasting sites in the ridge and valley of Central Pennsylvania (1998) For Sci, 44, pp. 550-558; Adams, H., Kolb, T., Drought responses of conifers in ecotone forests of northern Arizona: tree ring growth and leaf δ13C (2004) Oecologia, 140, pp. 217-225; Battipaglia, G., Saurer, M., Cherubini, P., Siegwolf, R.T.W., Cotrufo, M., Tree rings indicate different drought resistance of a native (Abies alba Mill.) and a nonnative (Picea abies (L.) 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AU - C., Prager AU - Brandner, R. AU - Brückl, E. AU - Eder, S. AU - Fellin, W. AU - Tentschert, E. AU - Poscher, G. AU - Schönlaub, H. PY - 2008 SP - 1-51 ST - Methodischer Leitfaden zur prozessorientierten Bearbeitung von Massenbewegungen T2 - Geo.Alp TI - Methodischer Leitfaden zur prozessorientierten Bearbeitung von Massenbewegungen VL - 5 ID - 3276 ER - TY - JOUR AB - This paper deals with the climatic and bioclimatic conditions, trends and variability in the mountainous areas of Croatia and Slovenia. Two mountain meteorological observatories were chosen: Zavizan in the Croatian Dinaric Alps and Kredarica in the Slovenian Julian Alps. Both have the same monitoring protocol and similar instruments. The station's natural environment remained unchanged since 1955. Therefore, the data of both observatories are extremely valuable for studying changes in sensitive mountain ecosystems in Croatia and Slovenia. Data from the period 1955-2004 were used to assess mountain climatic and bioclimatic variability and trends in both countries. The analysis of the bioclimatic conditions has been carried out using the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), which is based on the human energy balance models. The prevailing thermal sensation at both stations is very cold, varying from very cold winters to cold and cool summers. Results of the trend analysis indicate a significant increase in the thermal bioclimate index PET in both regions, mainly caused by rising air temperature, especially in spring and summer. The progressive trend test analysis indicated the beginning of positive PET trend in the 1980s - in 1981 on Zavizan and in 1988 on Kredarica. In spite of the considerable increase in thermal comfort in the last 50 years, the bioclimate conditions stayed within the range of the same class of thermal perception. AN - 54980 AU - Zaninović, K. AU - Matzarakis, A. AU - Cegnar, T. IS - 2 PY - 2006 SN - ISSN 0941-2948 SP - 243-251 ST - Thermal comfort trends and variability in the Croatian and Slovenian mountains T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift TI - Thermal comfort trends and variability in the Croatian and Slovenian mountains UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0119 VL - 15 ID - 3277 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Short-term changes in ambient particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters < 10 micro m (PM10) have been associated with short-term fluctuations in mortality or morbidity in many studies. In this study, we tested whether those deaths are just advanced by a few days or weeks using a multicity hierarchical modeling approach for all-cause, respiratory, and cardiovascular deaths, for all ages and stratifying by age groups, within the APHEA-2 (Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach) project. We fit a Poisson regression and used an unconstrained distributed lag to model the effect of PM10 exposure on deaths up to 40 days after the exposure. In baseline models using PM10 the day of and day before the death, we found that the overall PM10 effect (per 10 micro g/m3) was 0.74% [95% confidence interval (95% CI), -0.17 to 1.66] for respiratory deaths and 0.69% (95% CI, 0.31-1.08) for cardiovascular deaths. In unrestricted distributed lag models, the effect estimates increased to 4.2% (95% CI, 1.08-7.42) for respiratory deaths and to 1.97% (95% CI, 1.38-2.55) for cardiovascular deaths. Our study confirms that most of the effect of air pollution is not simply advanced by a few weeks and that effects persist for more than a month after exposure. The effect size estimate for PM10 doubles when we considered longer-term effects for all deaths and for cardiovascular deaths and becomes five times higher for respiratory deaths. We found similar effects when stratifying by age groups. These larger effects are important for risk assessment. AU - Zanobetti, A. at. al. IS - 9 PY - 2003 SP - 1188-1193 ST - The temporal pattern of respiratory and heart disease mortality in response to air pollution T2 - Environ Health Perspect TI - The temporal pattern of respiratory and heart disease mortality in response to air pollution VL - 111 ID - 3278 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Although the association between particulate matter and mortality or morbidity is generally accepted, controversy remains about the importance of the association. If it is due solely to the deaths of frail individuals, which are brought forward by only a brief period of time, the public health implications of the association are fewer than if there is an increase in the number of deaths. Recently, other research has addressed the mortality displacement issue in single-city analysis. We analyzed this issue with a distributed lag model in a multicity hierarchic modeling approach, within the Air Pollution and Health: A European Approach (APHEA-2) study. We fit a Poisson regression model and a polynomial distributed lag model with up to 40 days of delay in each city. In the second stage we combined the city-specific results. We found that the overall effect of particulate matter less than 10 [mu]M in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) per 10 [mu]g/m3 for the fourth-degree distributed lag model is a 1.61% increase in daily deaths (95% CI = 1.02-2.20), whereas the mean of PM10 on the same day and the previous day is associated with only a 0.70% increase in deaths (95% CI = 0.43-0.97). This result is unchanged using an unconstrained distributed lag model. Our study confirms that the effects observed in daily time-series studies are not due primarily to short-term mortality displacement. The effect size estimate for airborne particles more than doubles when we consider longer-term effects, which has important implications for risk assessment. (C) 2002 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc. AU - Zanobetti, Antonella AU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Samoli, Evi AU - Gryparis, Alexandros AU - Touloumi, Giota AU - Atkinson, Richard AU - Le Tertre, Alain AU - Bobros, Janos AU - Celko, Martin AU - Goren, Ayana AU - Forsberg, Bertil AU - Michelozzi, Paola AU - Rabczenko, Daniel AU - Aranguez Ruiz, Emiliano AU - Katsouyanni, Klea IS - 1 KW - air pollution mortality mortality displacement 00001648-200201000-00014 PY - 2002 SN - 1044-3983 SP - 87-93 ST - The Temporal Pattern of Mortality Responses to Air Pollution: A Multicity Assessment of Mortality Displacement T2 - Epidemiology TI - The Temporal Pattern of Mortality Responses to Air Pollution: A Multicity Assessment of Mortality Displacement UR - http://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2002/01000/The_Temporal_Pattern_of_Mortality_Responses_to_Air.14.aspx VL - 13 ID - 3279 ER - TY - RPRT A2 - (Hrsg.), Umweltbundesamt (UBA) AU - Zebisch, M. et al. CY - PIK Climate Change 08/05, Dessau PY - 2005 ST - Klimawandel in Deutschland - Vulnerabilität und Anpassungsstrategien klimasensitiver Systeme T2 - Forschungsbericht 20141253 TI - Klimawandel in Deutschland - Vulnerabilität und Anpassungsstrategien klimasensitiver Systeme ID - 3280 ER - TY - GEN A2 - Klimafolgenforschung, Potsdam-Institut für AU - Zebisch, M. AU - Grothmann, T. AU - Schröter, D. AU - Haße, C. AU - Fritsch, U. AU - Cramer, W. PY - 2005 ST - Klimawandel in Deutschland. Vulnerabilität und Anpassungsstrategien klimasensitiver Systeme TI - Klimawandel in Deutschland. Vulnerabilität und Anpassungsstrategien klimasensitiver Systeme ID - 3281 ER - TY - JOUR AB - In a 140 year-old beech forest with undergrowth of Allium ursinum, field measurements of N2O and CO2 emissions in conjunction with measurements of microbial biomass-N, extractable mineral nitrogen and NO3−-leaching were made during four vegetation growth periods. We examined whether pulses of nitrate leaching could be accompanied by enhanced N2O emission rates. Highest N2O emission rates (>150 μg N m−2 h−1) were recorded during July, when substantial nitrate leaching also was evident from ion exchange resins and suction cup lysimeters. These nitrogen losses were preceded by mineralisation of decaying Allium leaves and microbial proliferation in June. In July, a significant decline of microbial biomass nitrogen occurred and up to 113 kg N ha−1 were released. Microbial biomass carbon, as determined from substrate induced respiration, also declined in July. With this method, we identified recurring cycles of microbial growth triggered by soil wetting. Soil microbial biomass carbon related inversely to concentrations of extractable sugar carbon substrates. Our study suggests that within nitrogen-enriched forests, nitrate leaching and N2O emissions may be linked during the plant growing season. Nitrogen losses appeared to be strongly affected by biomass turnover and microbial mineralisation. AU - Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie AU - Hahn, Maria AU - Meger, Simone AU - Jandl, Robert IS - 6 KW - N2O Nitrification Denitrification CO2 Ion exchange resins N1 - doi: 10.1016/S0038-0717(02)00012-3 PY - 2002 SN - 0038-0717 SP - 823-832 ST - Nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching in relation to microbial biomass dynamics in a beech forest soil T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry TI - Nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching in relation to microbial biomass dynamics in a beech forest soil UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071702000123 VL - 34 ID - 3282 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Zechner, L. PY - 1996 SP - 123-139 ST - Siedlungsdichte und Reproduktion des Steinadlers (Aquila chrysaetos) in den südlichen Niederen Tauern (Steiermark) T2 - Abhandlungen der zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft Österreich TI - Siedlungsdichte und Reproduktion des Steinadlers (Aquila chrysaetos) in den südlichen Niederen Tauern (Steiermark) VL - 29 ID - 3283 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ZECHNER, L. PY - 1996 SP - 29: 123-139. ST - Siedlungsdichte und Reproduktion des Steinadlers (Aquila chrysaetos) in den südlichen Niederen Tauern (Steiermark). In: Abhandlungen der zoologisch-botanischen Gesell-schaft Österreich. TI - Siedlungsdichte und Reproduktion des Steinadlers (Aquila chrysaetos) in den südlichen Niederen Tauern (Steiermark). In: Abhandlungen der zoologisch-botanischen Gesell-schaft Österreich ID - 3284 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Zeiler, H. M1 - Band 73 PB - Umweltbundesamt Wien PY - 1996 ST - Jagd und Nachhaltigkeit T2 - Monographien TI - Jagd und Nachhaltigkeit ID - 3285 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ZEILER, H. PY - 1996 ST - Jagd und Nachhaltigkeit. Monographien Band 73, Umweltbundesamt Wien TI - Jagd und Nachhaltigkeit. Monographien Band 73, Umweltbundesamt Wien ID - 3286 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Zeitler, A. M1 - 6/99 PY - 1999 SP - 47-51 ST - Rauhfußhühner und Wintersport T2 - Laufener Seminarbeitr. TI - Rauhfußhühner und Wintersport ID - 3287 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ZEITLER, A. PY - 1999 SP - 47-51. ST - Rauhfußhühner und Wintersport. Laufener Seminarbeitr. 6/99: TI - Rauhfußhühner und Wintersport. Laufener Seminarbeitr. 6/99 ID - 3288 ER - TY - GEN A2 - GmbH, Österreichisches Institut für Baubiologie und – ökologie AU - Zelger, Thomas AU - Heisinger, Felix PY - 2010 ST - Aktueller Stand des ermittelten energieeffizienten Büro-Standards / Passivhausstandards TI - Aktueller Stand des ermittelten energieeffizienten Büro-Standards / Passivhausstandards ID - 3289 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zelinka, M. AU - Marvan, P. LB - zeli66 PY - 1966 SP - 817-822 ST - Bemerkungen zu neuen Methoden der saprobiologischen Wasserbeurteilung T2 - Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. TI - Bemerkungen zu neuen Methoden der saprobiologischen Wasserbeurteilung VL - 16 ID - 3290 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Long-term and lasting human interference in forest ecosystems in the Bohemian Forest has resulted in the loss of some equilibrium mechanisms and hence increased susceptibility to ecological disturbances. Two methods for estimating bark beetle outbreaks in spruce forests are reported: an assessment of the susceptibility of individual trees to attack according to crown structure characteristics; and the use of remotely sensed data and image processing techniques to quantify changes in forest cover. The results document a significant increase in the area of highly damaged and dead forest classes, from 1% in 1987 to 16% in 1998, and a decrease in the area of healthy and moderately damaged spruce classes from 71% in 1987 to 52% in 1998. A possible approach to managing mountain Norway spruce ecosystems invaded by bark beetle in the Bohemian Forest is proposed. AU - Zemek, F. AU - Cudli AU - N, P. AU - Boha AU - C, J. AU - Moravec, I. AU - Herman, M. IS - 3 KW - Norway spruce crown status remote sensing stress history N1 - caron PY - 2003 SP - 279-292 ST - Semi-natural Forested Landscape under a Bark Beetle Outbreak: a case study of the Bohemian Forest (Czech Republic) T2 - Landscape Research TI - Semi-natural Forested Landscape under a Bark Beetle Outbreak: a case study of the Bohemian Forest (Czech Republic) UR - http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/routledg/clar/2003/00000028/00000003/art00004 VL - 28 ID - 3291 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Zentralamt, Österreichisches Statistisches CY - Wien LB - kk1919 PB - Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt. Österreichische Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1919 ST - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in der Republik Österreich im Jahre 1918.1919-1923. TI - Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in der Republik Österreich im Jahre 1918.1919-1923 ID - 3292 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Zentralamt, Österreichisches Statistisches CY - Wien LB - kk1925 PB - Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt. Österreichische Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1925 ST - Erntestatistik. Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in der Republik Österreich im Jahre 1924 TI - Erntestatistik. Anbauflächen und Ernteergebnisse in der Republik Österreich im Jahre 1924 ID - 3293 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Zentralamt, Österreichisches Statistisches CY - Wien LB - kk1926 PB - Österreichisches Statistisches Zentralamt. Österr. Staatsdruckerei. PY - 1926 ST - Statistik der Ernte in der Republik Österreich im Jahre 1925.1926-1936. TI - Statistik der Ernte in der Republik Österreich im Jahre 1925.1926-1936 ID - 3294 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Zentralamt, Statistisches CY - Wien LB - statoest1999 PB - Statistik Österreich, Verlag Österreich (ab 1999); Österr. Staatsdruckerei (bis 1998) PY - 1999 ST - Ergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Statistik im Jahre 1937/44, 1946/49, 1950-1999. 1948. TI - Ergebnisse der Landwirtschaftlichen Statistik im Jahre 1937/44, 1946/49, 1950-1999. 1948 ID - 3295 ER - TY - GEN AU - Geodynamik, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie and CY - Vienna PY - 2012 ST - Klimadaten der Stationen 'Feuerkogel' und 'Bad Ischl' TI - Klimadaten der Stationen 'Feuerkogel' und 'Bad Ischl' ID - 3467 ER - TY - GEN AU - Geodynamik, Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und PY - 2007 ST - Tagesmitteltemperaturen für die Station Graz-Flughafen 1961-2004 TI - Tagesmitteltemperaturen für die Station Graz-Flughafen 1961-2004 ID - 3296 ER - TY - WEB AU - (ZAMG), Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik M1 - 2.6.2011 PY - 2011 UR - http://www.zamg.ac.at/klima/Klimawandel/Klimazukunft/Extremwerte/ ID - 3297 ER - TY - THES AU - Zhang, J.Q. CY - Japan PB - Tottori University PY - 2000 ST - A study on damage degree and risk assessment and regional classification of meteorological disasters: case studies of Yamaguchi prefecture in Japan and Songliao Plain in China TI - A study on damage degree and risk assessment and regional classification of meteorological disasters: case studies of Yamaguchi prefecture in Japan and Songliao Plain in China VL - Dr. ID - 3298 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zhou, L. M. AU - Tucker, C. J. AU - Kaufmann, R. K. AU - Slayback, D. AU - Shabanov, N. V. AU - Myneni, R. B. LB - zhou01 PY - 2001 SP - 20069-20083 ST - Variations in northern vegetation activity inferred from satellite data of vegetation index during 1981-1999 T2 - J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. TI - Variations in northern vegetation activity inferred from satellite data of vegetation index during 1981-1999 VL - 10 ID - 3299 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zidorn, C. AU - Dobner, M.J. PY - 1999 SP - 89-93 ST - Beitrag zur Ruderalflora der Bahnhöfe von Nordtirol. Ber nat.-med. Ver. Innsbruck. T2 - Ber nat.-med. Ver. Innsbruck TI - Beitrag zur Ruderalflora der Bahnhöfe von Nordtirol VL - 86 ID - 3300 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC03783825 AU - Zimmermann, Heinrich CY - Frankfurt, M. KW - Hessen Forstlicher Standort Bestockung < Forstwirtschaft> N1 - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Literaturverangaben UBBW Hauptbibl. Magazin I-95687 Entlehnbar PB - Sauerländer PY - 1985 SN - 3-7939-0670-1 SP - 229 ST - Die Waldstandorte in Hessen und ihre Bestockung.Waldbaul. Leitlinien und Empfehlung für den öffentlichen Wald T2 - Mitteilungen der Hessischen Landesforstverwaltung TI - Die Waldstandorte in Hessen und ihre Bestockung.Waldbaul. Leitlinien und Empfehlung für den öffentlichen Wald VL - Heft 20 ID - 3301 ER - TY - JOUR AU - ZIMMERMANN, M. AU - HAEBERLI, W. PY - 1992 SP - 59-72 ST - Climatic change and debris flow activity in high mountain areas; a case study in the Swiss Alps T2 - Catena Supplement TI - Climatic change and debris flow activity in high mountain areas; a case study in the Swiss Alps VL - 22 ID - 3302 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zimmermann, M. AU - Haeberli, W. PY - 1992 SP - 59-72 ST - Climatic Change and Debris Flow Activity in High- Mountain Areas - A Case Study in the Swiss Alps T2 - Catena Suppl. TI - Climatic Change and Debris Flow Activity in High- Mountain Areas - A Case Study in the Swiss Alps VL - 22 ID - 3303 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Zimmermann, M. AU - Mani, P. AU - Gamma, P. AU - Gsteiger, P. AU - Heiniger, O. AU - Hunziker, G. CY - Zürich PB - Hochsch.-Verlag an der ETH PY - 1997 SP - 161 ST - Murganggefahr und Klimaänderung – ein GIS-basierte Ansatz TI - Murganggefahr und Klimaänderung – ein GIS-basierte Ansatz ID - 3304 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zimmermann, M. AU - Mani, P. AU - Romang, H. IS - 3 LB - zimmermann97 PY - 1997 SP - 415-420 ST - Magnitude-Frequency Aspects of Alpine Debris Flows T2 - Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae TI - Magnitude-Frequency Aspects of Alpine Debris Flows VL - 90 ID - 3305 ER - TY - BOOK AN - 009179496 AU - Zimmermann, Martin Huldrych CY - Berlin [u.a.] DB - SWB Online-Katalog LA - eng N1 - Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen <21> [Signatur: 23 A 10542] Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, Bereichsbibliothek Biologie <21/112> [Signatur: interne Signatur] Universität Freiburg, Bibliothek Forstwissenschaften <25/5> [Signatur: Frei 5: FB 030/15] Universität Freiburg, Fakultätsbibliothek Biologie II und III <25/16> [Signatur: Frei 16: PL 30/39] Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek <291> [Signatur: 2002-9123] Universitätsbibliothek Konstanz <352> [Signatur: bio 302/z45] Württembergische Landesbibliothek <24> [Signatur: 33a/2366] Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg <16> [Signatur: 83 H 647] Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) - KIT-Bibliothek <90> [Signatur: 83 E 269] Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), KIT-Bibliothek Nord [Signatur: B Zim 6] Universitätsbibliothek Stuttgart <93> [Signatur: 3N 5445] Badische Landesbibliothek <31> [Signatur: 83 A 8666] PB - Springer PY - 1983 SN - 3-540-12268-0 0-387-12268-0 SP - X, 143 S. ST - Xylem structure and the ascent of sap T2 - Springer series in wood science TI - Xylem structure and the ascent of sap ID - 3306 ER - TY - CHAP AU - Zimmermann, N. AU - Bolliger, J. AU - Gehrig-Fasel, J. AU - Guisan, A. AU - Kienast, F. AU - Lischke, H. AU - Rickebusch, S. AU - Wohlgemuth, T. PY - 2006 SP - 63-71 ST - Wo wachsen die Bäume in 100 Jahren T2 - Wald und Klimawandel. Forum für Wissen TI - Wo wachsen die Bäume in 100 Jahren ID - 3307 ER - TY - CHAP A2 - Jahrbuch AU - Zischg, A., Keiler, M. und Fuchs, S. CY - Innsbruck PY - 2005 SP - 112-118 ST - Ein Vergleich der Lawinenrisiken auf verschiedenen Verkehrsachsen im Alpenraum T2 - Österreichisches Kuratorium für Alpine Sicherheit: Sicherheit im Bergland TI - Ein Vergleich der Lawinenrisiken auf verschiedenen Verkehrsachsen im Alpenraum ID - 3308 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Ziska, L. H. AU - Caulfield, F.A PY - 2000 SP - 893-898 ST - Rising CO2 and pollen pollen production of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), a known allergy-inducing species: implications for publiv health. Aust. J. Plant. Physiol. T2 - Aust. J. Plant. Physiol TI - Rising CO2 and pollen pollen production of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia), a known allergy-inducing species: implications for public health. VL - 27 ID - 3309 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zöfel, P. LB - zoef00 PY - 2000 SP - 320 ST - Statistik verstehen, ein Begleitbuch zur computerunterstützten Anwendung T2 - Addison-Weyley, Müchen, Boston, San Frasisco, Harlow, England, Don, Mills, Ontario, Mexico City, Madrid, Amsterdam TI - Statistik verstehen, ein Begleitbuch zur computerunterstützten Anwendung ID - 3310 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zorita, E. AU - Hughes, J. AU - Lettenmaier, D. AU - von Storch, H. LB - zori1995a PY - 1995 SP - 1023--1042 ST - Stochastic characterisation of regional circulation patterns for climate model diagnosis and estimation of local precipitation T2 - J. Climate TI - Stochastic characterisation of regional circulation patterns for climate model diagnosis and estimation of local precipitation VL - 8 ID - 3311 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zorita, E. AU - von Storch, H. LB - zori1999a PY - 1999 SP - 2474--2489 ST - The analog method - a simple statistical downscaling technique: comparison with more complicated methods T2 - J. Climate TI - The analog method - a simple statistical downscaling technique: comparison with more complicated methods VL - 12 ID - 3312 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zorita, Eduardo AU - Hughes, James P. AU - Lettemaier, Dennis P. AU - von Storch, Hans DA - May LB - zorita1995 PY - 1995 SP - 1023-1042 ST - Stochastic characterization of regional circulation patterns for climate model diagnosis and estimation of local precipitation T2 - J. Climate TI - Stochastic characterization of regional circulation patterns for climate model diagnosis and estimation of local precipitation VL - 8 ID - 3313 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zorita, Eduardo AU - Tilya, Faustine F. LB - zori2002a PY - 2002 SP - 31--40 ST - Rainfall variability in Northern Tanzania in the March-May season (long rains) and its links to large-scale climate forcing T2 - Clim. Res. TI - Rainfall variability in Northern Tanzania in the March-May season (long rains) and its links to large-scale climate forcing VL - 20 ID - 3314 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zorita, Eduardo AU - Viacheslav, Kharin AU - von Storch, Hans DA - october LB - zori92a N1 - untersuchen die geg. abhängigkeit von slp u. sst zweifach; 1. direkt, 2. in ihrer wirkung auf den niederschlag auf der iberischen halbinsel; im winter, monatlich, mittels CCA; result.: atm. forcing->sst, nicht umgekehrt; anomalien von [sigma]slp und SLP sind positiv korreliert; der 1.SLPEOF ist das wichtigste atm. phenom. für winterniederschlag auf der iberischen h.i. PY - 1992 SP - 1097-1108 ST - The Atmospheric Circulation and Sea Surface Temperature in the North Atlantic Area in Winter: Their Interaction and Relevance for Iberian Precipitation T2 - J. Climate TI - The Atmospheric Circulation and Sea Surface Temperature in the North Atlantic Area in Winter: Their Interaction and Relevance for Iberian Precipitation ID - 3315 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zorita, E AU - von Storch, H. LB - zori1999a PY - 1999 SP - 2474--2489 ST - The analog method - a simple statistical downscaling technique: comparison with more complicated methods T2 - J. Climate TI - The analog method - a simple statistical downscaling technique: comparison with more complicated methods VL - 12 ID - 3316 ER - TY - RPRT AU - Zuba, R. AU - Kromer, I. LB - zuba2003 N1 - Studie im Aufrag des Forum Umweltbildung PB - Österreichisches Institut für Jugendforschung PY - 2003 RP - Studie im Aufrag des Forum Umweltbildung ST - Umweltwissen und Umwelthandeln von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Kontext der Nachhaltigkeit TI - Umweltwissen und Umwelthandeln von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Kontext der Nachhaltigkeit ID - 3317 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Züger, J. AU - Köstl, M. AU - Loibl, W. LB - zueger2001 PY - 2001 ST - Implementierung Eines Limited Area Modells Für Österreich Zur Abschätzung Kleinräumiger Auswirkungen Von Klimaänderungen in Den Österreichischen Alpen -Erste Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse TI - Implementierung Eines Limited Area Modells Für Österreich Zur Abschätzung Kleinräumiger Auswirkungen Von Klimaänderungen in Den Österreichischen Alpen -Erste Erfahrungen und Ergebnisse ID - 3318 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zuiderwijk, A. LB - zuid86 PY - 1986 SP - 684 ST - Competition, Coexistence and Climatic Conditions: Influence on the Distributions of the Warty Newt, Triturus cristatus, in Western Europe T2 - Sudies in Herpetology, Rocek Z. (ed.), Prague TI - Competition, Coexistence and Climatic Conditions: Influence on the Distributions of the Warty Newt, Triturus cristatus, in Western Europe VL - 67 ID - 3319 ER - TY - BOOK AN - AC00182911 AU - Zukrigl, Kurt CY - Wien KW - Ostalpen Alpenrand Alpine Stufe Waldgesellschaft Montane Stufe N1 - Zsfassungen dt., engl., franz. u. russ. Zugl.: Wien, Hochschule f=EF=BF=BDr Bodenkultur, Habil.-Schr., = 1972 UBBW Hauptbibl. Magazin I-87561/101,a Entlehnbar UBBW Hauptbibl. Magazin I-87561/101,b Entlehnbar UBBW WasserCluster Lunz Bibliothek WCL-555 vor Ort fragen UBBW FB Wald,Natur,Technik Lesesaal Z-2091/101 Entlehnbar PB - Österr. Agrarverlag PY - 1973 SP - 387, [XIV] S. ST - Montane und subalpine Waldgesellschaften am Alpenostrand T2 - Mitteilungen der Forstlichen Bundesversuchsanstalt Wien ; 101 TI - Montane und subalpine Waldgesellschaften am Alpenostrand ID - 3320 ER - TY - JOUR AB - Forest fire regimes are likely to experience considerable changes in the European Alps due to climatic changes. However, little is known about the recent regional fire history and the impact of local climate on the fire regime during the 20th century. We therefore reconstructed the fire history in a dry continental valley of the Swiss Alps (Valais) over the past 100 years based on documentary evidence, and investigated the relationship between the reconstructed fire regime and the local climatic variability. We compared the impact of temperature, precipitation, drought and dry foehn winds on fire frequency, extent of burnt area, and fire seasonality on various spatial and temporal scales. In the subalpine zone, the fire regime appears to have been mainly driven by temperature and precipitation, whereas these variables seem to have played only a secondary role in the colline–montane zones. Here, foehn winds and, probably, non-climatic factors seem to have been more important. Temperature and precipitation played a major role in shaping fire frequency and burnt area in the first half of the 20th century, but lost their importance during the second half. Our case study illustrates the occurrence of different fire regime patterns and their driving forces on small spatial scales (a few hundred square kilometers). We conclude that the strong rise in temperature over the past century has not profoundly changed the fire regime in Valais, but in the second half of the 20th century temperature was no longer a strong determinant for forest fires as compared to human activities or biomass availability in forests. AU - Zumbrunnen, Thomas AU - Bugmann, Harald AU - Conedera, Marco AU - Bürgi, Matthias DO - 10.1007/s10021-008-9207-3 IS - 1 KW - Biomedical and Life Sciences PY - 2009 SN - 1432-9840 SP - 73-86 ST - Linking Forest Fire Regimes and Climate—A Historical Analysis in a Dry Inner Alpine Valley T2 - Ecosystems TI - Linking Forest Fire Regimes and Climate—A Historical Analysis in a Dry Inner Alpine Valley UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10021-008-9207-3 VL - 12 ID - 3321 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zur Strassen, R. PY - 1986 SP - 86-88 ST - Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande 1895), ein nordamerikanischer Fransenflügler als neuer Bewohner europäischer Glashäuser T2 - Nachrichtenblatt d. Deutschen Pflanzenschutzdienstes TI - Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande 1895), ein nordamerikanischer Fransenflügler als neuer Bewohner europäischer Glashäuser VL - 38 ID - 3322 ER - TY - JOUR AU - H., Zwander PY - 2000 SP - 738-739 ST - Neue Daten zum Pollenflug des Traubenkrautes (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Klagenfurt (Kärnten). T2 - Linzer biol. Beitr TI - Neue Daten zum Pollenflug des Traubenkrautes (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Klagenfurt (Kärnten). VL - 32/2 ID - 3323 ER - TY - BOOK AU - ZWATZ, B. AU - CATE, P. AU - BERGER, H.K. CY - Wien PB - Verl. Jugend & Volk PY - 1990 ST - Krankheiten, Schädlinge und Nützlinge im Getreide- und Maisbau TI - Krankheiten, Schädlinge und Nützlinge im Getreide- und Maisbau ID - 3324 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Zweigelt, F. CY - Berlin NV - 9 PB - Verlag Paul Parey PY - 1928 ST - Die Maikäfer. Studien zur Biologie und zum Vorkommen im südlichen Mitteleuropa. T2 - Monographien zur angewandten Entomologie. Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für angewandte Entomologie TI - Die Maikäfer. Studien zur Biologie und zum Vorkommen im südlichen Mitteleuropa. VL - XIII. Band ID - 3325 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zwick, P. LB - zwic77 PY - 1977 SP - 458-505 ST - Plecoptera-Emergenz zweier Lunzer Bäche, 1972-1974 T2 - Arch. Hydrobiol. TI - Plecoptera-Emergenz zweier Lunzer Bäche, 1972-1974 VL - 80 ID - 3326 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zwick, P. IS - 3 LB - zwic96 PY - 1996 SP - 147-160 ST - Capacity of discontinous egg development and ist importance for the geographic distribution of the warm water stenotherm, Dinocras cephalotes (Insecta: Plecoptera:Perlidae) T2 - Annls Limnol. TI - Capacity of discontinous egg development and ist importance for the geographic distribution of the warm water stenotherm, Dinocras cephalotes (Insecta: Plecoptera:Perlidae) VL - 32 ID - 3327 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zwick, P. LB - zwic96b PY - 1996 SP - 81-100 ST - Variable egg development of Dinocras spp T2 - (Plecoptera, Perlidae) and the stonefly seed bank theory. Freshwater Biology TI - Variable egg development of Dinocras spp VL - 35 ID - 3328 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Zwick, P. LB - zwic02 PY - 2002 SP - 1317-1323 ST - The stonefly (Insecta:Plecoptera) seed bank theory: new experimental data T2 - Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. TI - The stonefly (Insecta:Plecoptera) seed bank theory: new experimental data VL - 28 ID - 3329 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Økland, Bjørn AU - Bjørnstad, Ottar N. DA - 2013/03/14 DO - 10.1890/05-0135 IS - 2 N1 - doi: 10.1890/05-0135 PY - 2006 SN - 0012-9658 SP - 283-290 ST - A RESOURCE-DEPLETION MODEL OF FOREST INSECT OUTBREAKS T2 - Ecology TI - A RESOURCE-DEPLETION MODEL OF FOREST INSECT OUTBREAKS UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/05-0135 VL - 87 ID - 3330 ER -